Clinical Evaluation of Success of Primary Teeth Pulpotomy Using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate(®), Laser and Biodentine(TM)- an In Vivo Study. Evaluation and comparison of mineral trioxide aggregate and biodentine in primary tooth pulpotomy: Clinical and radiographic study The evaluation of MTA and Biodentine as a pulpotomy materials for carious exposures in primary teeth Effect of mineral trioxide aggregate and formocresol pulpotomy on vital primary teeth: a clinical and radiographic study. Clinical and radiographical evaluation of mineral trioxide aggregate, biodentine and propolis as pulpotomy medicaments in primary teeth A comparative evaluation of clinical and radiographic success rate of pulpotomy in primary molars using antioxidant mix and mineral trioxide aggregate: An in vivo 1-year follow-up study Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Four Different Pulpotomy Agents in Primary Molars: A Longitudinal Study Mineral trioxide aggregate versus calcium hydroxide for pulpotomy in primary molars. Short-term treatment outcome of pulpotomies in primary molars using mineral trioxide aggregate and Biodentine: a randomized clinical trial Comparison of mineral trioxide aggregate and formocresol as pulp medicaments for pulpotomies in primary molars Pulpotomy in caries-exposed immature permanent molars using calcium-enriched mixture cement or mineral trioxide aggregate: a randomized clinical trial. The Clinical and Radiographic Success of Primary Molar Pulpotomy Using Biodentine™ and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: A 24-Month Randomized Clinical Trial. Treatment outcomes of pulpotomy in primary molars using two endodontic biomaterials. A 2-year randomised clinical trial. Clinical, Radiographic and Histological Evaluation of Primary Teeth Pulpotomy Using MTA And Ferric Sulfate. Randomized controlled trial of mineral trioxide aggregate and formocresol for pulpotomy in primary molar teeth. The effectiveness of mineral trioxide aggregate, calcium hydroxide and formocresol for pulpotomies in primary teeth. Long-term evaluation of pulpotomy in primary molars using mineral trioxide aggregate or formocresol.
INTRODUCTION Pulpotomy technique basically consists of removing the coronal pulp and fixing the radicular pulp with a medicament . It is the most widely accepted clinical procedure for treating primary teeth with coronal pulp inflammation caused by caries with no involvement of the radicular pulp . AIM To evaluate the success and efficacy of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ( MTA ) , Lasers and Biodentine as pulpotomy agents both clinical ly and radiographically . MATERIAL S AND METHODS In the present study , 60 primary molars in children whose pulpal status warranted pulpotomy were selected and r and omly assigned into three groups that included MTA , Laser and Biodentine allocating 20 teeth to each group . The pulpotomy procedure was then performed on all selected teeth followed by restoration with stainless steel crowns . Later the patients were recalled for 3 months and 6 months for clinical and radiographic evaluation . RESULTS Statistical analysis was done using Fisher exact test to determine pair wise comparison of three agents with respect to clinical and radiographic criteria . Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA , Mc Nemars test was applied to evaluate the efficacy of each agent between 3 months and 6 months . The results showed that maximum success rate was found in MTA group . However , the comparison between three groups was statistically not significant ( p<0.05 ) . CONCLUSION Pulpotomies performed with either MTA , Laser or Biodentine are equally efficient with similar clinical /radiographic success and hence can be considered as alternatives to Formocresol Objectives : Pulpotomy is the common therapy for cariously exposed pulps in symptom-free primary molar teeth . For many years , research ers have search ed for an ideal material that allows regeneration of the residual pulp . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) , Biodentine as a pulpotomy medicament in primary teeth , both clinical ly and radiographically . Material s and Methods : A total of 25 children ( 50 human primary molar teeth ) aged between 5 and 9 years were selected in this r and omized clinical study . The patients were r and omly assigned to receive the pulpotomy medicaments in either [ Group 1 ] : MTA or [ Group 2 ] : Biodentine . All pulpotomized teeth were restored with stainless steel crowns and evaluated clinical ly and radiologically at 1 , 3 , 6 and 12 months . Statistical analysis using Mann – Whitney U test and Fisher 's exact test , and chi-square test was performed to determine the significant differences between the groups . Results : Clinical and radiological success rates were 96 and 80 % in Group 1 and 96 and 60 % in Group 2 , respectively . There were no significant differences between the groups ( P > 0.05 ) . The radiographic success rates decreased in the controls , but there were no significant differences . Conclusion : Biodentine showed similar clinical and radiographic results as MTA in the 12-month evaluation and can be safely used as a pulpotomy medicament Objective This study examined the effects of MTA and Biodentine on the clinical and radiographic success rates of pulpotomies performed on primary teeth with carious pulp exposures . Material s and methods This study was conducted with 44 m and ibular primary molars requiring vital pulpotomy . Carious dentin surrounding the exposure site was used as the inclusion criteria for all teeth , which were r and omly divided into two groups according to pulpotomy material [ MTA group ( n = 24 ) , Biodentine group ( n = 20 ) ] . Treatment was followed up clinical ly and radiologically for 24 months . Pulp canal obliteration was not regarded as a failure . Results Clinical and radiographic success rates at the end of 24 months were 100 % for the MTA group and 89.4 % for the Biodentine group . Success rates did not vary significantly between the groups ( p = 0.646 ) . Pulp canal obliteration was observed in two teeth ( 8.3 % ) in the MTA group at 6 months , but the teeth were found to be stabilized by 24 months . Conclusion The long-term clinical and radiographic success rates obtained in this study indicate that both MTA and Biodentine are appropriate options for pulpotomy treatment of primary teeth with carious exposure in patients whose teeth should be retained for long periods of time . Clinical relevance The etiology of exposure determines pulpal response , making it crucial to distinguish between mechanical and carious exposures . The carious exposure is presumed to be accompanied by severe inflammation , which makes the prognosis of treatment unpredictable . Bio material s can be used especially in cases with carious pulp exposures BACKGROUND Pulpotomy is the common therapy for cariously exposed pulps in symptom-free primary molar teeth .  Formocresol ( FC ) is considered the gold st and ard dressing agent for pulpotomy , but concerns have been raised over the years about its safety . Other alternative pulpotomy agents have been investigated and suggested . OBJECTIVE The objective was to evaluate and compare the clinical and radiographic response of FC and white mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) as pulpotomy material s on primary molars . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Fifty primary molars , with deep carious lesion that exposed a vital but asymptomatic pulp , in 37 children aged 4 - 7 years were treated with conventional pulpotomy procedure .  The teeth were divided r and omly into two groups . Group I ( FC ) and group II ( MTA ) . The treated teeth were evaluated clinical ly and radiographically and were followed-up for 12 months . RESULTS At the end of the 12 months follow-up , the clinical success rates for FC and MTA were 81 % and 100 % , respectively . There was a statistically significant difference ( P = 0.04 ) between the clinical success rates of FC and MTA . While the radiographic success rates for FC and MTA were 81 % and 96 % , respectively , there was no statistically significant difference between the radiographic success of MTA and FC . CONCLUSION White MTA showed a higher clinical and radiographic success rate when compared to FC as a pulpotomy agent in vital primary molars , and it has a potential to become a replacement for FC in primary molars Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) , Biodentine and Propolis as pulpotomy medicaments in primary dentition , both clinical ly and radiographically . Material s and Methods A total of 75 healthy 3 to 10 yr old children each having at least one carious primary molar tooth were selected . R and om assignment of the pulpotomy medicaments was done as follows : Group I , MTA ; Group II , Biodentine ; Group III , Propolis . All the pulpotomized teeth were evaluated at 3 , 6 , and 9 mon clinical ly and radiographically , based on the scoring criteria system . Results The clinical success rates were found to be similar among the three groups at 3 and 6 mon where as a significant decrease in success rate was observed in Group III ( 84 % ) compared to both Group I ( 100 % ) and Group II ( 100 % ) at 9 mon . Radiographic success rates over a period of 9 mon in Groups I , II , and III were 92 , 80 , and 72 % , respectively . Conclusions Teeth treated with MTA and Biodentine showed more favorable clinical and radiographic success as compared to Propolis at 9 mon follow-up Introduction : Pulpotomy technique is most widely accepted clinical procedure for treating primary teeth with coronal pulp inflammation caused by caries with no involvement of the radicular pulp . Aim and Objective : The aim of the study was to evaluate the success and efficacy of mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) and antioxidant mix as pulpotomy agents both clinical ly and radiographically . Material s and Methods : A total of forty primary molars in children aged between 6 and 9 years , requiring for pulpotomy procedures , were selected . R and om sample s distribution was done , antioxidant mix ( n = 20 ) and MTA ( n = 20 ) both were used as pulpotomy agent . Under rubber dam isolation , pulpotomy procedure was performed in all sample s followed by restoration with stainless steel crowns . Later , the patients were recalled after 6 and 12 months for clinical and radiographic evaluation . The data were evaluated using Fisher 's exact test . Results : Statistically analysis shows no significant difference between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ) with respect to clinical and radiographic success rate , but antioxidant mix showed more efficient result than MTA . Conclusion : Antioxidant mix pulpotomy is more biocompatible and cost effective than any other commercially available medicament Background The medicament formocresol ( FC ) used for pulpotomy in primary teeth has great concerns regarding its toxicity due to one of its constituent formaldehyde which acts by tissue fixation . Therefore , new medicaments were introduced which cl aim ed preservation and regeneration of pulp . Aim The present study is aim ed to compare and evaluate the clinical and radiographic success of FC , pulpotec , mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) , and emdogain ( EMD ) as pulpotomy medicaments in human primary molars . Design A sample of 21 patients with 84 teeth were selected . All the patients have at least four teeth eligible for pulpotomy according to selection criteria . In each mouth , the teeth selected were r and omly allocated into four groups with 21 each . Results After 24 months of follow-up , the clinical success rates were  FC  ( 94 % ) , pulpotec ( 94 % ) , MTA ( 100 % ) , and EMD ( 83 % ) and radiographically FC  ( 88 % ) , pulpotec ( 83 % ) , MTA ( 94 % ) , and EMD ( 72 % ) , which were statistically not significant ( p > 0.05 ) . Conclusion The outcome of this study demonstrates MTA has a high success rate compared with FC , pulpotec , and EMD as pulpotomy agent . In addition , MTA , pulpotec , and EMD can be considered as alternatives to FC as pulpotomy agent . How to cite this article Sunitha B , Puppala R , Kethineni B , Mallela MK , Peddi R , Tarasingh P. Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Four Different Pulpotomy Agents in Primary Molars : A Longitudinal Study . Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(3):240 - 244 OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) and calcium hydroxide ( CH ) for pulpotomy in primary molars . METHODS A r and omised , bilateral self-controlled clinical trial was design ed to compare the clinical effect of MTA and CH in pulpotomies in primary molars in 4- to 9-year-old children . Children with two similar-sized cavities on bilateral primary molar counterparts requiring pulpotomies were included . The two contralateral molars in each patient were r and omly assigned to MTA or CH treatment . Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed to evaluate the treatment results at post-treatment recall . RESULTS Seventeen pairs of self-controlled contralateral teeth were available for follow-up evaluations . The success rate of MTA was 94.1 % ( 16/17 ) , while the success rate of CH was 64.7 % ( 11/17 ) . Internal root resorption was the most frequent reason for failure in the CH group . Crown discolouration was common in the MTA-treated group . CONCLUSION MTA was more successful than CH for pulpotomies in primary molar teeth , and may be a suitable replacement for CH in primary molar pulpotomies Introduction An ideal pulpotomy agent for primary molars has been sought for many years . Recently , new material s that allow regeneration of residual pulp tissue have been developed . In this study , we compared the preliminary clinical results obtained using Biodentine and mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) as pulp-dressing agents in pulpotomies of primary molars . Methods A r and omized clinical study was performed in children aged 4–9 years with at least one primary tooth with decay or caries requiring pulp treatment . A total of 90 primary molars requiring pulpotomy were r and omly allocated to the MTA or Biodentine group , and 84 pulpotomies were performed . Clinical and radiographic evaluations were undertaken 6 and 12 months after treatment . All teeth were restored with a reinforced zinc oxide – eugenol base and stainless steel crowns . Statistical analysis using Fisher ’s exact test was performed to determine the significant differences between the groups . Results A total of four clinical failures were observed ; all involved gingival inflammation . The clinical success rate in the MTA Group after 12 months was 92 % ( 36/39 ) , whereas the Biodentine Group obtained 97 % ( 38/39 ) ( p = 0.346 ) . All radiographic failures were observed at the 12-month follow-up evaluation . One molar from MTA Group showed internal resorption obtaining a radiographic success rate of 97 % ( 38/39 ) . Two molars from the Biodentine Group showed radiographic failure ( 1 internal resorption and 1 periradicular radiolucency ) obtaining a radiographic success rate of 95 % ( 37/39 ) . Conclusions Biodentine showed similar clinical results as MTA with comparable success rates when used for pulpotomies of primary molars . However , longer follow-up studies are required to confirm our findings . Clinical relevance This article demonstrates the effectiveness of Biodentine as a primary teeth pulpotomy material , performing similar results as MTA at 12-months evaluation Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the effect of white mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) to that of formocresol ( FC ) as pulp dressing agents in pulpotomised primary molars . Methods In this clinical trial study , 60 lower second primary molars of 46 children were treated by a conventional pulpotomy technique . The teeth were r and omly assigned to the MTA ( experimental ) and FC ( control ) groups by r and om numbered table . Following removal of the coronal pulp and haemostasis , the pulp stumps were covered with an MTA paste in the experimental group . In the control group , FC was placed with a cotton pellet over the pulp stumps . The teeth of both groups were restored with stainless steel crowns . Children arrived for clinical and radiographic follow-up evaluation after 6 , 12 and 24 months . Results The treated teeth in FC group ( n = 18 ) were clinical ly and radiographically successful after 24 months . The radiographic follow-up evaluation revealed one failure ( furcation involvement ) in 18 molars treated with MTA after 24 months . The treated teeth in MTA group were clinical ly successful 24 months postoperatively . Pulp canal obliteration was observed in one of the teeth treated with MTA and four of the teeth treated with FC . Conclusion MTA could be used as a safe medicament for pulpotomy in cariously exposed primary molars and could be a substitute for FC OBJECTIVE To compare clinical and radiographic outcomes of pulpotomy treatment using calcium-enriched mixture ( CEM ) cement and mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) in carious-exposed vital immature permanent first molars . DESIGN Fifty-one immature molars with clinical carious exposure with symptomatic/asymptomatic pulpitis met the inclusion criteria and r and omly assigned to one of the treatment groups ( CEM [ 26 teeth ; 59 roots ] , MTA [ 25 teeth ; 59 roots ] ) . After performing pulpotomy and covering the radicular pulps with the bio material s , all teeth were permanently restored . Blinded clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed at 6 and 12 months after operation for signs of success or failure . Radiographs were evaluated for complete/partial apical closure . The data were analysed using chi-square test and generalized estimating equation ( GEE ) model . RESULTS There was no significant difference at the baseline between the two experimental groups . All available cases ( 49 teeth ) showed pulp survival and signs of continuous root development after 12 months . Overall , complete apical closure ( apexogenesis ) occurred in 76.8 % and 73.8 % of radiographically interpreted roots in CEM cement and MTA groups , respectively . There was no statistical difference in terms of radiographic outcomes between two groups . CONCLUSIONS Calcium-enriched mixture cement and MTA showed similar performance in pulpotomy of immature caries-exposed permanent molars PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and radiographic success of Biodentine ™ and mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) pulpotomy in primary molars . METHODS Thirty-two four- to nine-year-olds were included in this study . The primary molars were r and omly assigned to the Biodentine ™ and MTA groups . After coronal pulp removal and hemostasis , the remaining pulp tissue was covered with Biodentine ™ or MTA . All teeth were restored with stainless steel crowns . Clinical and radiographic successes and failures were recorded at six- , 12- , 18- and 24-month follow-ups . Data were statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests . RESULTS The 24-month follow-up evaluations revealed that the clinical success rates were 96.8 percent ( 30 out of 31 ) for both Biodentine ™ and MTA . The radiographic success rates at 24 months were 93.6 percent ( 29 out of 31 ) for Biodentine ™ and 87.1 percent ( 27 out of 31 ) for MTA . No significant differences were found among the groups at all follow-up appointments ( P>0.05 ) Conclusion : Biodentine ™ and mineral trioxide aggregate did not differ significantly in combined clinical and radiographic success after 24 months AIM To compare the treatment outcomes of calcium-enriched mixture ( CEM ) cement and mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) as pulp dressing bio material s in vital pulpotomy of carious primary molars . STUDY DESIGN split-mouth r and omised clinical trial . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Forty children aged 4 - 8 years with 2 carious teeth requiring pulpotomy were selected and r and omly assigned to MTA ( n = 40 ) or CEM ( n = 40 ) groups . After coronal pulp removal , the remaining radicular pulp was covered with an appropriate bio material ; the teeth were then permanently restored . Clinical /radiographic success/failures were blindly evaluated at 6- , 12- and 24-month follow-ups . STATISTICS the recorded data were analyzed with McNemar test and GEE . RESULTS A total of 36 , 33 and 35 patients were available for 6- , 12- and 24-month follow-ups , respectively . At the 12-month follow-up only one and three teeth in the CEM and MTA groups had pathologic external root resorption , respectively . The resorbed teeth were then missed due to extraction /exfoliation at the 24-month follow-up ; all other treated teeth were sign/symptom-free . Overall , clinical and radiographic outcomes in both MTA/CEM groups were comparable at the three follow-ups without significant differences . Time had no significant effect on the success . CONCLUSION MTA and CEM demonstrated favourable treatment outcomes for pulpotomy of carious primary molars ; CEM may be an effective pulp dressing bio material The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical , radiographic and histological outcomes of the dentin-pulp complex from primary molars after pulpotomy with mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) and 15.5 % ferric sulfate ( FS ) . Thirty-one primary molars were r and omly allocated into MTA or FS groups . Clinical and radiographic evaluations were recorded at 3- , 6- , 12- and 18-month follow-up . Teeth at the regular exfoliation period were extracted and processed for histological analysis . Clinical and radiographic data were tested by statistical analysis ( p≤0.01 ) . Histological outcomes were analyzed descriptively . All of the treated teeth presented clinical success over the experimental periods . Both groups exhibited 100 % of radiographic success at 3 , 6 and 12 months . At the 18-month follow-up , one tooth from FS group presented inter-radicular radiolucency ( p>0.01 ) . Histologically , the treated teeth presented pulp vitality and absence of inflammatory infiltrate into the connective tissue . Only MTA group showed hard tissue barrier surrounded by odontoblasts over the pulp stumps . Both MTA and 15.5 % FS  are effective for pulpotomies of primary teeth . Although MTA is considered the first-choice material , FS may be a suitable alternative when treatment cost is an issue AIM To compare the outcome after 6 months of the application of formocresol ( FC ) or mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) during pulpotomy in primary molar teeth . METHODOLOGY A maximum of 126 children ( aged 5 - 9 years ) with carious primary teeth that required pulpotomy were selected . Following r and omization , a st and ard pulpotomy preparation was undertaken , and the coronal pulp removed and bleeding arrested . In the FC group , cotton balls , soaked in FC , were placed for 5 min , and then the pulp chamber was filled with Zonalin , a pulpotomy agent . In the MTA group , a 1-mm-thick paste of MTA was used as a pulpotomy agent . The crowns in both groups were restored with amalgam or glass ionomer .  The teeth of 100 patients were evaluated and compared clinical ly and radiographically after 3 and 6 months . RESULTS No signs of clinical failure were observed at the 3- and 6-month follow-up appointments in either group . There were no significant differences in the radiographic findings of the teeth and surrounding tissue at the 3-month follow-up . However , at the 6-month follow-up , significantly more cases ( P = 0.036 ) with root resorption were seen in the FC group ; no cases of resorption occurred amongst the MTA cases . The surrounding tissue showed radiographic signs of post-treatment disease in four FC cases ; none was seen in the MTA cases . CONCLUSION After 6 months , pulpotomy with MTA was associated with fewer cases of root resorption and post-treatment disease .  MTA appears to be a reliable alternative material for pulpotomy in primary molar teeth AIM To compare the effectiveness of mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) , calcium hydroxide ( CH ) and formocresol ( FC ) as pulp dressing agents in carious primary teeth . METHODOLOGY Forty-five primary m and ibular molars with dental caries in 23 children [ AUTHOR QUERY : How many children ? ] between 5 and 9 years old were treated by a conventional pulpotomy technique . The teeth were r and omly assigned to the experimental ( CH or MTA ) or control ( FC ) groups . After coronal pulp removal and haemostasis , remaining pulp tissue was covered with MTA paste or CH powder in the experimental groups . In the control group , diluted FC was placed with a cotton pellet over the pulp tissue for 5 min and removed ; the pulp tissue was then covered with zinc oxide-eugenol ( ZOE ) paste . All teeth were restored with reinforced ZOE base and resin modified glass-ionomer cement .  Clinical and radiographic successes and failures were recorded at 3 , 6 , 12 , 18 and 24 month follow-up . RESULTS Forty-three teeth were available for follow-up . In the FC and MTA groups , 100 % of the available teeth were clinical ly and radiographically successful at all follow-up appointments ; dentine bridge formation could be detected in 29 % of the teeth treated with MTA . In the CH group , 64 % of the teeth presented clinical and radiographic failures detected throughout the follow-up period , and internal resorption was a frequent radiographic finding . CONCLUSIONS Mineral trioxide aggregate was superior to CH and equally as effective as FC as a pulpotomy dressing in primary m and ibular molars . Internal resorption was the most common radiographic finding up to 24 month after pulpotomies performed with CH PURPOSE The objective of this study was to assess the effect of mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) as pulp dressing material following pulpotomy in primary molars with carious pulp exposure and compare them to those of formocresol ( FC ) . METHODS Of 33 children , primary molars treated via a conventional pulpotomy technique  were r and omly assigned to the MTA  group ( 33 teeth ) or FC  group ( 29 teeth ) . Clinical and radiographic follow-up ranged between 4 and 74 months . The mean follow-up time was 38 months , with no difference between the groups . Twenty-nine teeth were followed until uneventful shedding ( mean=33 months ) . Failures were detected after a mean period of 16 months ( range=4 to 30 ) . RESULTS The success rate of pulpotomy was 97 % for MTA ( 1 failure ) and 83 % for FC ( 5 failures ) . Eight teeth presented internal resorption . In 4 of them ( 2 of each group ) , progress of the resorption process stopped and the pulp tissue was replaced by a radioopaque calcified tissue . Pulp canal obliteration was observed in 58 % of the MTA group and in 52 % of the FC group ( total=55 % ) . CONCLUSIONS MTA showed a higher ( though not statistically significant ) long-term clinical and radiographic success rate than formocresol , and can be recommended as its replacement as , unlike FC , MTA does not induce undesirable responses
TSA indicated lack of firm evidence for the results of the meta‐analytic outcomes on clinical and radiographic success .
Conclusion BD and MTA have similar clinical and radiographic success rates based on limited and low‐ quality evidence .
Objectives Pulpotomy is the favored treatment for pulp exposure in carious primary teeth .
This review aim ed to compare the success rates of biodentine ( BD ) and mineral trioxide aggregate ( MTA ) pulpotomies  in primary molars using meta‐ analysis ( MA ) and trial sequential analysis ( TSA ) and also to assess the quality of the results by Grading of Recommendations , Assessment , Development and Evaluation ( GRADE ) .