Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Flow-Mediated Dilatation among Hemodialysis Patients: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial Oral magnesium supplementation decreases alanine aminotransferase levels in obese women. Oral magnesium supplementation decreases C-reactive protein levels in subjects with prediabetes and hypomagnesemia: a clinical randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Effects of supplementation with multivitamin and mineral on blood pressure and C-reactive protein in obese Chinese women with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Magnesium supplementation improves indicators of low magnesium status and inflammatory stress in adults older than 51 years with poor quality sleep. Magnesium decreases cardiac injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery Renal protection with magnesium subcarbonate and magnesium sulphate in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer after cisplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy: a randomised phase II study. No positive effect of oral magnesium supplementation in the decreases of inflammation in subjects with prediabetes: a pilot study. Intravenous magnesium for complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS 1) patients: a pilot study. Plasma C-Reactive Protein Concentrations in Active and Passive Smokers: Influence of Antioxidant Supplementation The Role of Magnesium Supplementation in Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity in a Rat Model: No Nephroprotectant Effect C-reactive protein lowering with rosuvastatin in the METEOR study. Acute and chronic oral magnesium supplementation: effects on endothelial function, exercise capacity, and quality of life in patients with symptomatic heart failure. Effect of oral magnesium supplementation on selected cardiovascular risk factors in non-insulin-dependent diabetics. Effect of Oral Magnesium Supplementation on Measures of Airway Resistance and Subjective Assessment of Asthma Control and Quality of Life in Men and Women with Mild to Moderate Asthma: A Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial Effect of magnesium supplementation on muscular damage markers in basketball players during a full season. Magnesium wasting associated with epidermal-growth-factor receptor-targeting antibodies in colorectal cancer: a prospective study.
Objectives : The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of oral magnesium ( Mg ) supplementation on endothelial function through evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness ( cIMT ) , brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation ( FMD ) , and C-reactive protein ( CRP ) among hemodialysis ( HD ) patients . Methods : This r and omized , controlled , double-blind clinical trial consisted of 54 patients on HD . One group was treated orally with 440 mg of Mg oxide 3 times per week for 6 months ( n = 29 ) . The control group ( n = 25 ) was given placebo using the same administration protocol . cIMT , FMD , serum calcium levels , phosphorus , lipid , CRP , and bicarbonate were measured at baseline and at 6 months in both groups . Results : At 6 months , cIMT was significantly decreased in the Mg group ( 0.84 ± 0.13 mm at baseline and 0.76 ± 0.13 mm at 6 months , p = 0.001 ) . However , in the placebo group , cIMT was significantly increased ( 0.73 ± 0.13 and 0.79 ± 0.12 mm , respectively , p = 0.003 ) . When hypertension , diabetes mellitus , smoking , hyperlipidemia , and systemic lupus erythematosus were controlled for in the analysis , the effect of Mg remained significant in both groups ( p = 0.000 ) . Conclusion : Our results indicate that Mg might not improve endothelial function ( CRP level and FMD ) and that a decreased cIMT as a marker of atherosclerosis may be due to the inhibition of calcification through the regulation parathormone , calcium , and phosphorus To evaluate the effect of oral supplementation with magnesium chloride on the systemic and hepatic inflammation , 38 non-hypertensive obese women aged 30 to 65 years were allocated into groups with and without hypomagnesemia . Hypomagnesemic women drank 50 mL of 5 % solution of MgCl2 equivalent to 450 mg of elemental magnesium . Low-carbohydrate diets and physical activity were indicated for women in both groups . Chronic diarrhea , alcohol intake , use of diuretics , previous oral magnesium supplementation , hepatic disease , and renal damage were exclusion criteria . Hypomagnesemia is defined by serum magnesium concentrations < or=1.8 mg/dL , hepatic inflammation by serum alanine aminotransferase ( ALT ) levels > or=40 U/L , and systemic inflammation by serum high-sensitivity C reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) concentration > or=3 mg/L. At baseline ( p=0.06 ) and final of follow-up ( p=0.80 ) , there were no significant differences by body mass index between the groups in the study . In the same way , at baseline ALT ( 48.1+/-25.5 and 34.6+/-24.1 U/L , p=0.14 ) and hs-CRP ( 9.4+/-6.0 and 7.9+/-5.9 mg/dL , p=0.47 ) levels were similar in the supplemented and non-supplemented women . In the magnesium group , ALT ( 24.3+/-10.3 and 34.8+/-13.6 U/L , p=0.02 ) levels , but not hs-CRP ( 5.2+/-1.9 and 8.0+/-5.6 mg/L , p=0.08 ) reached significantly lower levels , in the fourth month of treatment , than in women in the control group . The adjusted odds ratios between the improvement in serum magnesium and reduction in ALT and hs-CRP levels were 0.56 ( 95 % CI : 0.3 - 0.9 ) and 0.93 ( 95 % CI : 0.6 - 29.9 ) , respectively . Results of this study show that in hypomagnesemic obese women , oral supplementation with magnesium chloride reduces plasma ALT levels ; hs-CRP levels only show a reduction trend BACKGROUND AND AIMS It has been suggested that magnesium deficiency is associated with the triggering of acute phase response , which may contribute to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk . We undertook this study to determine whether oral magnesium supplementation modifies serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hsCRP ) in apparently healthy subjects with prediabetes and hypomagnesemia . METHODS A total of 62 men and non-pregnant women aged 18 - 65 year , with new diagnosis of prediabetes ( glucose 5.6 < 7.0 mmol/L and /or post-load glucose ≥7.7 < 11.1 mmol/L ) and hypomagnesemia ( serum magnesium levels < 0.74 mmol/L ) were enrolled in a clinical double-blind placebo-controlled trial and r and omly allocated to receive either magnesium chloride ( 30 mL of MgCl2 5 % solution ) or NaHCO3 0.1 % solution , once daily for 3 months . RESULTS At basal conditions , anthropometric and biochemical variables were similarly distributed in both groups . At the end of follow-up , participants who received magnesium chloride showed higher serum magnesium levels ( 0.86 ± 0.08 vs. 0.69 ± 0.16 mmol/L , p = 0.002 ) and lower hsCRP levels ( 4.8 ± 15.2 vs. 17.1 ± 21.0 nmol/L , p = 0.01 ) compared with participants in the control group . CONCLUSIONS Oral magnesium supplementation decreases hsCRP levels in apparently healthy subjects with prediabetes and hypomagnesemia OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of supplementation with multivitamin and mineral on blood pressure and C-reactive protein ( CRP ) in obese women with increased cardiovascular disease risk as having hypertension , hyperglycemia or hyperlipemia . SUBJECTS AND METHODS 128 obese Chinese women aged 18 - 55 years with increased cardiovascular disease risk participated in a 26-week r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial . Subjects were r and omized to four groups , and received either one tablet of high-dose multivitamin and mineral supplement ( MMS ) , or one tablet of low-dose MMS ( Low MMS ) , or calcium 162 mg ( Calcium ) or identical placebo ( Placebo ) daily during the study . Diastolic blood pressure ( DBP ) , systolic blood pressure ( SBP ) and serum concentrations of CRP were measured at baseline and end-trial . RESULTS At baseline , the subjects had an average age of 42.0+/-7.1 years and BMI of 30.9+/-2.8 kg/m2 . There were no significant differences between the four groups in baseline characteristics . One hundred and seventeen subjects completed the study . After 26-week supplementation , both SBP and DBP were significantly lower in the MMS group compared to the placebo group ( p < 0.05 ) . There was also a non-significant trend of lower DBP at 26-week in the MMS and calcium groups compared to baseline ( p < 0.08 ) . At 26-week , the MMS group also had significantly lower serum concentrations of CRP compared with that of baseline and the placebo group ( p < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that supplementation with adequate multivitamin and mineral supplement could reduce blood pressure and serum CRP in obese women with increased cardiovascular disease risk Low magnesium status has been associated with numerous conditions characterized as having a chronic inflammatory stress component . Some animal findings indicate that a moderate magnesium deficiency , similar to which apparently commonly occurs in humans , may enhance inflammatory or oxidative stress induced by other factors , including disrupted sleep/sleep deprivation . Thus , an experiment was performed with 100 adults ( 22 males and 78 females ) aged 59 ± 8 years ( range 51 to 85 years ) with poor sleep quality revealed by a Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index ( PSQI ) score higher than five . The participants were r and omly assigned to two groups matched by gender , age , and overall PSQI score . After baseline assessment ( week one ) of body mass index ( BMI ) , diet , blood and urine biochemical variables , and sleep quality , one group was given a 320 mg magnesium/day supplement as magnesium citrate and the other group a sodium citrate placebo for seven weeks . Final assessment s were made five and seven weeks ( which were combined for statistical analysis to reduce intra-individual variation ) after supplement initiation for the 96 participants who completed the study as design ed . Based on food diaries , 58 % of the participants were consuming less than the US . Estimated Average Requirement ( EAR ) for magnesium . Consuming less than the EAR was associated with a significantly higher BMI and plasma C-reactive protein ( CRP ) concentration . Only 40 participants had plasma CRP concentrations higher than 3.0 mg/L ( an indication of chronic inflammatory stress ) . Overall PSQI scores improved ( 10.4 to 6.6 , p < 0.0001 ) and erythrocyte magnesium increased ( 4.75 to 5.05 pg/cell , p = 0.01 ) regardless of magnesium or placebo supplementation . Magnesium vs placebo supplementation did not significantly affect serum magnesium when all participants were included in the analysis . When only the 37 participants with serum magnesium concentrations < 1.8 mg/dL ( indication of deficient magnesium status ) were analyzed , magnesium supplementation , but not the placebo , increased serum magnesium concentrations . Magnesium supplementation vs placebo decreased plasma CRP in participants with baseline values > 3.0 mg/L. The findings show that many individuals have a low magnesium status associated with increased chronic inflammatory stress that could be alleviated by increased magnesium intake . Because dietary magnesium intake did not change during the experimental period , another factor , possibly a placebo effect , improved sleep quality , which result ed in increased erythrocyte magnesium . This factor prevented the determination of whether magnesium deficiency contributes to poor sleep quality . The findings , however , suggest an association between magnesium status and sleep quality that needs further study to definitively determine whether a low magnesium status is a cause or an effect of poor sleep quality Background The calcium-channel blocking effect of magnesium might have protective effects in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery . We assessed the effects of magnesium on hearts undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery with intermittent warm blood hyperkalemic cardioplegia in the ante grade fashion . Patients and Methods Twenty patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery were r and omly divided into two groups , a control group who received intermittent ante grade warm blood hyperkalemic cardioplegia for myocardial protection , and a study group who received the same solution with the addition of magnesium to the cardioplegia . Extracellular substrates ( creatinine Phosphokinase , creatinine phosphokinase-MB group , lactate dehydrogenase , c-reactive protein , and cardiac troponin I were measured preoperatively and postoperatively . Results There were significant differences in the post-operative concentrations of creatinine phosphokinase , creatinine phosphokinase-MB group , c-reactive protein , and lactate dehydrogenase after cardiopulmonary bypass ( P<0.001 ) in the study group compared with the control subjects . Cardiac troponin I levels were also significantly lower in the study group after cardiopulmonary bypass ( P<0.005 ) . Conclusions Our study indicates that if magnesium is added to intermittent ante grade warm blood hyperkalemic cardioplegia , blood levels of many markers of cardiac myocardial injury after cardiopulmonary bypass are lowered . This finding may have implication s for myocardial protection BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine the effect of magnesium supplementation on nephrotoxicity accompanying st and ard cisplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer ( EOC ) . PATIENTS AND METHODS A double-blind , placebo-controlled , r and omised study was conducted in which study arm magnesium sulphate ( 5 g ) was administered before each course of st and ard chemotherapy with paclitaxel ( 135 mg/m(2)/24 h ) plus cisplatin ( 75 mg/m(2 ) ) every 3 weeks in patients with EOC .  Magnesium subcarbonate ( 500 mg ) , three times per day orally , was administered during the treatment intervals . The control arm was administered a placebo instead of both magnesium salts .  Magnesium serum levels ( sMg ) and GFR markers : serum levels of creatinine ( sCr ) , Cockroft-Gault ( ClCG ) and Modification Diet of Renal Disease ( MDRD ) formulae were recorded before each cycle , and 3 weeks after the sixth course . RESULTS 41 EOC patients were r and omised and 40 were eligible .  sMg varied significantly between the supplemented and placebo groups ( p<0.0001 ) . The control group showed a significantly greater decrease of GFR assessed by : sCr ( p=0.0069 ) , ClCG ( p=0.0077 ) and MDRD ( p=0.032 ) formulae compared with the magnesium supplemented group . CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the nephroprotective effect of magnesium supplementation during chemotherapy with cisplatin To determine whether oral magnesium supplementation modifies serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hsCRP ) , TNF-alpha , IL-6 , and IL-10 in subjects with prediabetes , inflammation , and hypomagnesemia , a total of 26 subjects men and non-pregnant women were included and r and omly allocated to receive 30 ml of MgCl(2 ) 5 % solution ( equivalent to 382 mg of magnesium ) or placebo , daily during three months . At baseline conditions , there were not significant statistical differences between the groups . At end of the study , hsCRP levels were significantly lower in the intervention group ( 3.3 ± 2.5 vs 8.0 ± 5.9 mg/L , p = 0.03 ) , as compared with the control group . However , the intra-group analysis of the individuals who received magnesium , did not shows significant statistical differences between baseline and final conditions ( 4.1 ± 3.0 and 3.3 ± 2.5 , p = 0.45 ) . In addition , TNF-alpha ( 1.2 ± 0.3 vs 1.1 ± 0.3 pg/mL , p = 0.69 ) , IL-6 ( 0.3 ± 0.3 vs 5.0 ± 7.7 pg/mL , p = 0.08 ) , and IL-10 ( 1.8 ± 0.4 vs 1.8 ± 0.5 pg/mL , p = 0.89 ) serum levels were not significantly different between the groups . Our results do not show a beneficial effect  of oral magnesium supplementation on hsCRP , IL-6 , TNF-alpha , and IL-10 levels in prediabetic subjects with hypomagnesemia and inflammation . Further studies with large sample sizes and longer time of follow-up are necessaries to verify the results of our pilot study OBJECTIVES To explore the feasibility of intravenous magnesium administration as a potential c and i date intervention for a large size trial in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type 1 ( CRPS 1 ) . DESIGN R and omized clinical trial . SETTING Outpatient pain clinic . PATIENTS Ten CRPS 1 patients . INTERVENTIONS Eight patients received 70 mg/kg magnesium sulphate infusions in 4 hours for 5 days . For blinding purpose s , 2 patients received equal amount NaCl 0.9 % solutions ( data not analyzed or presented ) . Interventions were accompanied by st and ardized physical therapy . OUTCOME MEASURES Pain was assessed using an 11-point Box scale ( three times daily for a week ) and the McGill Pain Question naire . Skin sensitivity was measured with the Semmes Weinstein Monofilaments , ( other ) impairments with the Impairment Level Sumscore . In addition , functional limitations ( Radboud Skills Question naire , question naire rising and sitting down ) and quality of life ( Short Form-36 [ SF-36 ] , EuroQol ) were evaluated . Assessment s were performed at baseline , 1 , 3 , 6 , and 12 weeks after intervention . RESULTS Mild systemic side effects were experienced and the infusions were locally well tolerated . Pain was significantly reduced at all follow up compared with baseline ( T1 : P = 0.01 , T3 : P = 0.04 , T6 : P = 0.02 , T12 : P = 0.02 ) . McGill sensory subscale improved significantly at T1 ( number of words chosen : P = 0.03 and pain rating index : P = 0.03 ) . Impairment level ( P = 0.03 ) and quality of life ( EuroQol P = 0.04 , SF-36 physical P = 0.01 ) were significantly improved at T12 . No improvement was found for skin sensitivity and functional limitations . CONCLUSION Intravenous magnesium significantly improved pain , impairment and quality of life and was well tolerated . The results of this pilot study are encouraging and suggest that magnesium IV as a treatment in CRPS 1 should be further explored in a large size formal trial design Objective : C-reactive protein ( CRP ) may directly affect the progression of atherosclerosis , and therefore , may be a target for reducing disease risk . The objective was to determine whether antioxidant supplementation reduces plasma CRP in active and passive smokers . Design : R and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled , parallel group trial with 2 months exposure to study supplements . Setting : Berkeley and Oakl and , California . Subjects : Healthy adult men and women , consuming < 4 daily servings of fruits and vegetables , and who were actively or passively exposed to cigarette smoke . Analysis was limited to participants with detectable baseline CRP concentrations and no evidence of inflammation associated with acute illness at baseline or follow-up as reflected in CRP elevations ( ≥10.0 mg/L ) . A total of 1393 individuals were screened , 216 r and omized , 203 completed the study , and 160 were included in the analysis . Interventions : Participants were r and omized to receive a placebo or vitamin C ( 515 mg/day ) or antioxidant mixture ( per day : 515 mg vitamin C , 371 mg α-tocopherol , 171 mg γ-tocopherol , 252 mg mixed tocotrienols , and 95 mg α-lipoic acid ) . Measures of Outcome : Change in plasma CRP concentration . Results : Vitamin C supplementation yielded a 24.0 % reduction ( 95 % confidence interval , −38.9 % to −5.5 % , p = 0.036 compared to control ) in plasma CRP , whereas the antioxidant mixture and placebo produced a nonsignificant 4.7 % reduction ( −23.9 % to 19.3 % ) and 4.3 % increase ( −15.1 % to 28.2 % ) , respectively . Results were adjusted for baseline body mass index and CRP concentrations . Conclusions : Plasma CRP itself may serve as a potential target for reducing the risk of atherosclerosis , and antioxidants , including vitamin C , should be investigated further to confirm their CRP-lowering and anti-inflammatory effects Objectives : Cisplatin ( CP ) is used as the commonest drug to treat solid tumors . It is accompanied by a nephrotoxicity side effect . The main objective of this study is to investigate the protective role of magnesium ( Mg ) supplementation in CP-induced nephrotoxicity in a rat model . Methods : Twenty-nine Wistar rats were r and omly assigned to four groups ( 1–4 ) . Groups 1–3 received 20 , 80 , and 200 mg/kg magnesium sulfate respectively , for 10 days , but on day 3 , a single dose of CP ( 7 mg/kg , i.p . ) was also injected . Group 4 ( positive control group ) received the same regimen of Groups 1–3 except saline instead magnesium sulfate . One week after CP administration , blood sample s were obtained and all animals were killed for kidney histopathological investigations . Results : All CP-treated animals lost weight , and the percentage of weight loss in Group 1 ( low dose Mg sulfate treated ) was significantly higher compared with the positive control group ( Group 4 , P < 0.05 ) . The increase in blood urea nitrogen ( BUN ) and creatinine ( Cr ) levels in serum in Group 1 were more than those in other groups ( P < 0.05 ) . No statistical differences were observed in serum magnesium , nitrite , and total protein levels among the groups . The kidney tissue damage in Groups 1–3 was not significantly different when compared with Group 4 . Moreover , the kidney and testis weights in Group 1 were significantly greater than those in the positive control group ( P < 0.05 ) . Conclusion : Regarding the BUN and Cr levels in the serum , kidneys weight , and the histopathological study , the low dose of Mg supplementation intensifies kidney toxicity and renal dysfunction in CP-induced nephrotoxicity in the rat model . However , the protective role of Mg with moderate and high doses is not certain OBJECTIVES In addition to its LDL-C-lowering effects , statin treatment reduces the level of C-reactive protein ( CRP ) . Long-term data on this effect in low-risk population s are limited . Furthermore , whether the CRP reduction is a consequence of LDL-C lowering or occurs independently remains unclear . We studied these aspects in the Measuring Effects on intima media Thickness : an Evaluation Of Rosuvastatin ( METEOR ) study , a r and omized placebo-controlled trial amongst 984 low-risk subjects . METHODS METEOR is a r and omized placebo-controlled trial that evaluated the effect of 40 mg of rosuvastatin on 2-year change in carotid intima media thickness ( CIMT ) amongst 984 low-risk patients ( 10-year Framingham risk < 10 % ) with modest CIMT ( CIMT > or = 1.2 and < 3.5 mm ) and elevated LDL-C.  CRP levels were measured at baseline and after 2 years of treatment . RESULTS Median baseline CRP was 1.4 mg L(-1 ) . Rosuvastatin lowered CRP significantly compared with placebo : -36 % in the rosuvastatin group versus no change in the placebo group . There was no relation between change in CRP and change in LDL-C ( Spearman correlation : 0.08 ; SE : 0.04 ) . Stratified analyses showed that the CRP-lowering effect was present amongst all strata of baseline characteristics , including baseline lipids and CRP levels . However , the magnitude of CRP reduction was larger amongst women and participants older than 60 years . CONCLUSIONS Rosuvastatin ( 40 mg ) lowers CRP independently from its effects on LDL-C in low-risk subjects with normal baseline CRP levels and modest CIMT Endothelial dysfunction is an important pathophysiologic mechanism in the progression of heart failure . The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of acute and chronic oral magnesium supplementation on endothelial function in patients with symptomatic heart failure . Twenty-two symptomatic chronic heart failure patients were r and omized to receive 800 mg oral magnesium oxide daily or placebo for 3 months . Data collected included large and small arterial elasticity/compliance , hemodynamic parameters , exercise capacity , and quality -of-life score at baseline , 1 week , and 3 months . Patients who received magnesium had improved small arterial compliance at 3 months from baseline compared with placebo . This study suggests that chronic supplementation with oral magnesium is well tolerated and could improve endothelial function in symptomatic heart failure patients OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of oral magnesium supplementation on risk factors for end-organ disease in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ( NIDDM ) . DESIGN A 16-week r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled crossover trial . SETTING Outpatient center of an academic family medicine residency program . PATIENTS Twenty-eight patients ( age range , 28 to 84 years ; 57.1 % black ; 85.7 % women ) with NIDDM controlled by diet and /or an oral hypoglycemic , with a serum cholesterol levels over 5.20 mmol/L ( 200 mg/dL ) . INTERVENTION Following a 2-week placebo run-in period , each patient was r and omized to receive either sustained-release magnesium chloride ( Slo-Mag ) , 384 mg/d , or an identical-appearing placebo for 6 weeks . After a 2-week interim washout period , each patient was then treated with the alternative regimen for an additional 6-week period . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The systolic and diastolic blood pressure and levels of serum glucose , low-density and high-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol , triglycerides , and serum and total erythrocyte magnesium were measured at the beginning , midpoint , and end of each 6-week treatment phase . RESULTS Systolic blood pressure fell an average of 7.4 mm Hg ( P < .05 ) with treatment . There was no significant change in diastolic blood pressure or levels of serum glucose , low-density and high-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol , triglycerides , or serum and erythrocyte magnesium . CONCLUSIONS Oral magnesium supplementation in the doses and duration studied is modestly effective in reducing systolic blood pressure in patients with NIDDM but has little impact on other important biochemical parameters related to diabetes-associated end-organ disease Background : Epidemiological data shows low dietary magnesium(Mg ) may be related to incidence and progression of asthma . Objective To determine if long term(6.5 month ) treatment with oral Mg would improve asthma control and increase serum measures of Mg status in men and women with mild-to-moderate asthma . Subjects : 55 males and females aged 21 to 55 years with mild to moderate asthma according to the 2002 National Heart , Lung , and Blood Institute(NHLBI ) and Asthma Education and Prevention Program(NAEPP ) guidelines and who used only beta-agonists or inhaled corticosteroids(ICS ) as asthma medications were enrolled . Design : Subjects were r and omly assigned to consume 340 mg(170 mg twice a day ) of Mg or a placebo for 6.5 months . Measurements : Multiple measures of Mg status including serum , erythrocyte , urine , dietary , ionized and IV Mg were measured . Objective : markers of asthma control were : methacholine challenge test(MCCT ) and pulmonary function test(PFT ) results . Subjective vali date d question naires on asthma quality of life(AQLQ ) and control(ACQ ) were completed by participants . Markers of inflammation , including c-reactive protein(CRP ) and exhaled nitric oxide(eNO ) were determined . Results : The concentration of methacholine required to cause a 20 % drop in forced expiratory volume in in minute(FEV1 ) increased significantly from baseline to month 6 within the Mg group . Peak expiratory flow rate(PEFR ) showed a 5.8 % predicted improvement over time(P = 0.03 ) in those consuming the Mg . There was significant improvement in AQLQ mean score units(P < 0.01 ) and in overall ACQ score only in the Mg group(P = 0.05 ) after 6.5 months of supplementation . Despite these improvements , there were no significant changes in any of the markers of Mg status . Conclusion : Adults who received oral Mg supplements showed improvement in objective measures of bronchial reactivity to methacholine and PEFR and in subjective measures of asthma control and quality of life Although it has been widely accepted that Mg has a positive effect on muscle function , studies on the efficacy of Mg supplementation in young athletes have generated contrasting results . The aim of this work was to examine the effect of Mg supplementation on muscular damage markers and the association between serum Mg levels with these muscular markers . Twelve elite male basketball players ( PB ) from a team of Spanish Professional Basketball League and a control group ( CG ) comprising twelve university students who practice d regularly recreational basketball and competed in minor university leagues participated in this study . The athletes were supplemented with 400 mg/day of Mg , in the form of Mg lactate . Blood sample s were taken four times during the season , each separated by eight weeks : T1 : October , T2 : December , T3 : March , and T4 : April . Serum Mg concentrations showed a significant decrease in T3 ( 1.56 ± 0.03 mg/dL ) , with respect to T1 ( 1.69 ± 0.04 mg/dL ) and T2 ( 1.69 ± 0.04 mg/L ) . At the end of the study , serum Mg concentration was significantly higher ( T4 : 1.79 ± 0.06 mg/dL ) than at T3 . Levels of muscle damage parameters remained the same during the entire season ( P > 0.05 ) , except for creatinine , which significantly decreased after T2 , and then increased significantly in T3 and T4 compared to T2 . In conclusion , these results suggest that the supplementation with Mg during the season of competition may prevent associated tissue damage BACKGROUND Preliminary evidence suggests that magnesium wasting occurs in patients who are treated with epidermal-growth-factor receptor (EGFR)-targeting antibodies for colorectal cancer . The mechanism of this side-effect is unknown , and if all or a subset of patients are affected is also unclear . We aim ed to assess the incidence , characteristics , and predictive factors of magnesium wasting during treatment with EGFR-targeting antibodies , and to study the pathophysiology of this phenomenon . METHODS We measured prospect ively magnesium concentrations in a cohort of 98 patients with colorectal cancer treated with EGFR-targeting antibodies with or without combined chemotherapy .  The primary outcome measure was the slope of the serum magnesium concentrations over time . In 35 patients , 24-h urinary magnesium excretion was measured . In a subset of patients ( n=5 ) , an intravenous magnesium load test was done . 16 patients who had chemotherapy alone  acted as controls . A clinical protocol was written before initiation of the study , but because this was a non-interventional study , the protocol was not formally registered . FINDINGS 95 ( 97 % ) patients had decreasing serum magnesium concentrations during EGFR-targeting treatment compared with baseline measurements . The mean serum magnesium slope during EGFR-targeting treatment ( with or without combined chemotherapy ) was significantly lower compared with chemotherapy alone ( -0.00157 mmol/L/day , SD 0.00162 [ 95 % CI -0.00191 to -0.00123 ] vs 0.00014 mmol/L/day , SD -00076 [ -0.00026 to 0.00055 ] ; ( t test , p < 0.0001 ) . 24-h urine analysis and intravenous magnesium load tests showed a defect in renal magnesium reabsorption . INTERPRETATION EGFR-inhibiting antibodies compromised the renal magnesium retention capacity , leading to hypomagnesaemia in most patients . Future studies should address the effects of exposure and target affinity . Our study suggests a pivotal role of the EGFR-signalling pathway in regulating magnesium homoeostasis
These findings were robust in sensitivity analyses .
Conclusions This meta- analysis suggests that Mg supplementation significantly reduces serum CRP level .
Introduction The aim of the study was to undertake a systematic review and meta- analysis of prospect i ve studies to determine the effect of magnesium ( Mg ) supplementation on  C-reactive protein ( CRP ) .