Long-term survival of endodontically treated, maxillary anterior teeth restored with either tapered or parallel-sided glass-fiber posts and full-ceramic crown coverage. Placement of fiber prefabricated or custom made posts affects the 3-year survival of endodontically treated premolars. Survival of two post systems--five-year results of a randomized clinical trial. Post Placement Affects Survival of Endodontically Treated Premolars Randomized clinical trial comparing the effects of post placement on failure rate of postendodontic restorations: preliminary results of a mean period of 32 months. Assessment of apical and coronal root canal seals using contemporary endodontic obturation and restorative materials and techniques. Randomized clinical comparison of endodontically treated teeth restored with amalgam or with fiber posts and resin composite: five-year results. Clinical evaluation of teeth restored with quartz fiber-reinforced epoxy resin posts. Fracture resistance of compromised endodontically treated teeth restored with bonded post and cores: An in vitro study. Restoration of endodontically treated teeth with carbon fibre posts--a prospective study. An up to 3-Year Controlled Clinical Trial Comparing the Outcome of Glass Fiber Posts and Composite Cores with Gold Alloy-Based Posts and Cores for the Restoration of Endodontically Treated Teeth. Three-year clinical comparison of survival of endodontically treated teeth restored with either full cast coverage or with direct composite restoration. Periapical status of endodontically treated teeth in relation to the technical quality of the root filling and the coronal restoration. Resin-dentin interfaces of endodontically-treated restored teeth. Risk factors for failure of glass fiber-reinforced composite post restorations: a prospective observational clinical study. Clinical evaluation of a carbon fibre reinforced carbon endodontic post. Controlled Clinical Trial on the Outcome of Glass Fiber Composite Cores Versus Wrought Posts and Cast Cores for the Restoration of Endodontically Treated Teeth: A 5-Year Follow-up Study.
OBJECTIVES This retrospective study investigated the clinical effectiveness over up to 8 years of parallel-sided and of tapered glass-fiber posts , in combination with either hybrid composite or dual-cure composite resin core material , in endodontically treated , maxillary anterior teeth covered with full-ceramic crowns . METHODS The study population comprised 192 patients and 526 endodontically treated teeth , with various degrees of hard-tissue loss , restored by the post- and -core technique .  Four groups were defined based on post shape and core build-up material s , and within each group post- and -core restorations were assigned r and omly with respect to root morphology . Inclusion criteria were symptom-free endodontic therapy , root-canal treatment with a minimum apical seal of 4 mm , application of rubber dam , need for post- and -core complex because of coronal tooth loss , and tooth with at least one residual coronal wall . Survival rate of the post- and -core restorations was determined using Kaplan-Meier statistical analysis . RESULTS The restorations were examined clinical ly and radiologically ; mean observation period was 5.3 years . The overall survival rate of glass-fiber post- and -core restorations was 98.5 % . The survival rate for parallel-sided posts was 98.6 % and for tapered posts was 96.8 % . Survival rates for core build-up material s were 100 % for dual-cure composite and 96.8 % for hybrid light-cure composite . CONCLUSIONS For both glass-fiber post design s and for both core build-up material s , clinical performance was satisfactory . Survival was higher for teeth retaining four and three coronal walls PURPOSE To assess whether the amount of residual coronal dentin and the placement of a prefabricated ( DT Light Post ) ( LP ) or a customized fiber post ( Ever Stick Post ) ( ES ) have a significant influence on the 3-year survival of endodontically treated premolars . METHODS A sample of 345 patients provided six groups of 60 premolars in need of endodontic treatment . Groups were defined based on the amount of dentin left at the coronal level after endodontic treatment and before abutment build-up . Within each group teeth were r and omly divided into three subgroups ( n = 20 ) . In Subgroup A , no root canal retention was provided for the coronal restoration . In Subgroups B and C , LP and ES , respectively , were placed inside the root canal . All the teeth were finally restored with a single unit metal-ceramic crown . RESULTS Data were not affected by any loss to follow-up . The overall 36-month survival rate of crowned endodontically treated premolars was 76.7 % . The lowest survival rate was recorded for teeth restored without any root canal retention ( 62.5 % ) . Teeth restored with LP had a survival rate higher ( 90.9 % ) than those restored with ES ( 76.7 % ) . The Cox regression analysis showed that the presence of root canal retention was a significant factor for survival ( P < 0.05 ) . The decrease in failure risk was higher in teeth restored with LP ( HR = 0.1 ; 95 % CI for HR = 0.09 to 0.34 ; P < 0.001 ) than when using ES ( HR = 0.5 ; 95 % CI for HR = 0.3 to 0.7 ; P = 0.003 ) . Teeth retaining one ( HR = 0.3 ; 95 % CI for HR = 0.2 to 0.7 ; P = 0.003 ) , two ( HR = 0.2 ; 95 % CI for HR = 0.1 to 0.5 ; P < 0.001 ) , or three coronal walls ( HR = 0.1 ; 95 % CI for HR = 0.05 to 0.3 ; P < 0.001 ) had a significantly lower failure risk than teeth deprived even of the ferrule effect . Similar failure risks existed for teeth missing all the coronal walls regardless of the presence or absence of a ferrule effect ( P > 0.05 ) . Interaction terms were not significant ( P > 0.05 ) . Post placement and the amount of residual coronal dentin affected the 3-year survival of endodontically treated premolars OBJECTIVE To assess the survival rate of two different post systems after 5 years of service with a prospect i ve r and omized controlled trial . METHOD AND MATERIAL S One hundred patients in need of a post were studied . Half of the patients received long glass fiber-reinforced posts , while the other half received long metal screw posts . The posts were assigned r and omly . After at least 5 years ( mean , 61.37 months ) , follow-ups were established . When a complication occurred prior to this recall , the type and time of the complication was documented . Statistical analysis was performed using the log-rank test and Kaplan-Meier analysis . Additionally , a Cox regression was performed to analyze risk factors . RESULTS The survival rate of fiber-reinforced posts was 71.8 % . In the metal screw post group , the survival rate was significantly lower , 50.0 % ( log-rank test , P = .026 ) . Metal posts result ed more often in more unfavorable complications ( eg , root fractures ) ; consequently , more teeth ( n = 17 ) had to be extracted . The Cox regression identified the following risk factors : position of the tooth ( anterior vs posterior teeth ) , degree of coronal tooth destruction , and the post system  ( fiber-reinforced post vs metal screw post )  . Fiber-reinforced restorations loosened in several patients ; in some of these cases ( n = 6 ) , patients did not notice this , leading to the extraction of teeth . CONCLUSION Long metal screw posts should be used with great care in endodontically treated teeth . Besides the selection of the post system , other factors influence the survival of the restoration Clinical evidence is lacking regarding the influence of the amount of residual coronal dentin and of post placement on the failure risk of endodontically compromised teeth . The aim of this prospect i ve clinical trial was to assess whether these factors significantly affect the two-year survival of restored pulpless premolars . A sample of 210 individuals provided six experimental groups of 40 premolars in need of endodontic treatment . Groups were defined based on the amount of dentin left at the coronal level . Within each group , in half of the teeth selected at r and om , a fiber post was inserted inside the root canal , whereas in the remaining half of the premolars , no post was placed . All teeth were covered with a crown . The Cox regression analysis revealed that post placement result ed in a significant reduction of failure risk ( p < 0.001 ) . Failure risk was increased for teeth under the “ no ferrule ” ( p = 0.001 ) and “ ferrule effect ” conditions ( p = 0.004 ) INTRODUCTION The aim of this r and omized clinical trial was to assess whether the placement of a fiber post ( DT Light Post ) ( DT ) and the amount of residual coronal dentin affect the time to failure of single-unit postendodontic restorations . METHODS Ninety patients providing 120 teeth were selected . Three groups ( n = 40 ) were defined on the basis of the amount of residual coronal dentin : 2-walls group , 2 or more coronal walls ; 1-wall group , 1 coronal wall ; no-wall group , no wall exceeding 2 mm above the gingival level . Within each group teeth were r and omized and allocated to 2 intervention groups ( n = 20 ) , including subgroups no post ( no root canal retention ) and subgroups post ( placement of DT ) . RESULTS After a mean observation period of 32.4 ( 13.7 ) months in subgroups no post , the failure rates were 10 % , whereas in subgroups post , failure rates of 7 % were observed ( P = .318 ) . In no-wall group post placement significantly affected the time to failure of total restorations ( P = .029 , log-rank test ) . Teeth without post retention revealed a significantly higher failure rate ( 31 % ) compared with teeth restored with post retention ( 7 % ) . CONCLUSIONS Within the observation time of the present study , fiber post placement was efficacious to reduce failures of postendodontic restorations only with teeth that exhibited no coronal walls . Post insertion for teeth showing a minor substance loss should be critically reconsidered AIM The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of two contemporary  endodontic obturation and restorative techniques and material s. METHODOLOGY Seventy-nine extracted human single-rooted teeth were distributed r and omly in two experimental groups of 36 and 37 specimens ( groups 1 and 2 , respectively ) , one group of three positive controls and one of three negative controls . The teeth were radiographed preoperatively , accessed , and instrumented . After smear layer removal , the teeth in group 1 were obturated using the System B and Obtura and were restored coronally with Core Paste using Tenure as a bonding agent . The teeth in group 2 were obturated using the Microseal technique and were restored coronally with amalgam using Panavia 21 as a bonding agent . All teeth in groups 1 and 2 were coated with three layers of nail varnish on all of their surfaces apart from the apical 4.0 mm and the coronal area above the cemento-enamel junction . The positive control teeth were obturated , restored coronally and completely coated with varnish , whereas the negative control teeth were not obturated , restored coronally , nor coated with varnish . The teeth were radiographed postoperatively and retained in saline solution for 10 days . For the next 10 days they were submerged in India ink . Subsequently all teeth were demineralized , dehydrated and rendered transparent . Dye penetration was measured using a stereomicroscope . RESULTS All material s and techniques provided minimal to zero dye penetration , apart from one specimen in the Core Paste group that showed 4.0 mm of dye penetration . The Wilcoxon rank sum test and t-test showed no statistically significant differences and all material s and techniques tested presented with a high degree of acceptability . CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that these contemporary techniques and material s provide equally good results , but long-term studies are needed for outright inferences to be drawn relative to their clinical performance Prospect i ve clinical studies comparing the results of different types of restorations of endodontically treated teeth are lacking . This study compared the clinical success rate of endodontically treated premolars restored with fiber posts and direct composite to the  restorations of premolars using amalgam . Premolars with Class II carious lesions were selected and r and omly assigned to one of two experimental groups : ( 1 ) restoration with amalgam or ( 2 ) restoration with fiber posts and composite .  One hundred and nine teeth were included in Group 1 and 110 in Group 2 . Patients were recalled after 1 , 3 and 5 years . No statistically significant difference was found between the proportion of failed teeth in the two experimental groups . Significant differences were observed between the proportion of root fractures ( p=0.029 ) and caries ( p=0.047 ) , with more root fractures and less caries observed in the teeth restored with amalgam at the five-year recall . Within the limits of this study , it can be concluded that restorations with fiber posts and composite were found to be more effective than amalgam in preventing root fractures but less effective in preventing secondary caries PURPOSE This prospect i ve clinical follow-up evaluated the acceptability of quartz fiber-reinforced epoxy posts used in endodontically treated teeth over a 30-month period . MATERIAL S AND METHODS In 132 patients , 180 endodontically treated teeth were restored using AEstheti-Plus quartz-fiber posts . The posts were luted with the All-Bond 2 adhesive system and C&B Resin Cement according to the manufacturer 's recommendations . The core was made with Core-Flo or Bis-Core , and all-ceramic crowns or metal-ceramic crowns were applied as final restorations . The parameters considered as clinical failure were displacement , detachment , or fracture of posts ; core or root fracture ; and crown or prosthesis decementation . Patients were reevaluated at 6 , 12 , 24 , and 30 months . RESULTS One cohesive failure involving a margin of the composite core was observed after 2 weeks , and two adhesive fractures were seen after 2 months . These failures were located between the cement and the dentin walls of the canals . All three failures occurred during removal of the temporary crown . The percentage of failures was thus 1.7 % over a 30-month period , but it was possible to successfully replace the restoration in all three failed cases . CONCLUSION Over a 30-month period , the rehabilitation of endodontically treated teeth using quartz-fiber posts showed good clinical results . No crown or prosthesis decementation was observed , and no post , core , or root fractures were recorded STATEMENT OF PROBLEM It is unclear which post and core system performs best when bonded to severely compromised endodontically treated teeth . PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the fracture resistance and mode of failure of severely compromised teeth restored with 3 different adhesively bonded post and core systems . MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty extracted endodontically treated maxillary anterior teeth were r and omly divided into 3 groups , CPC , gold cast post and core ; TPC , titanium prefabricated post/composite resin core ; and FPC , quartz fiber reinforced post/composite resin core . All posts were adhesively cemented . All cores resembled a central incisor preparation with no remaining tooth structure above the finish line . Cast gold crowns were fabricated and cemented adhesively . The specimens were aged with thermocycling and cyclic loading . Two specimens per group were r and omly selected for micro-computed tomographic imaging before and after aging . Failure was induced with a universal testing machine . The mode of failure was characterized by the interface separation . Data were analyzed with 1-way ANOVA ( α=.05 ) followed by post hoc tests ( Bonferroni ) . RESULTS A statistically significant difference was found among the 3 groups ( P=.002  ) . CPC was significantly different than TPC ( P=.008 ) or FPC ( P=.003 ) . The primary mode of failure  for CPC and TPC  was root fracture , and for FPC post debonding . CONCLUSIONS Severely compromised endodontically treated teeth restored with bonded gold cast post and cores showed significantly higher fracture resistance BACKGROUND A prospect i ve study was started in 1995 to evaluate the success of carbon fibre reinforced epoxy resin ( CFRR ) posts used to restore endodontically treated teeth . All the teeth in the study had lost more than 50 % of their coronal structure . METHODS Fifty-nine carbon fibre Composiposts cemented with Metabond and built up with Core Paste cores were placed into the teeth of 47 patients . Each tooth received a full-coverage restoration ( porcelain fused to metal crown ) and was followed for 6.7 - 45.4 months ( average = 28.0 months , st and ard deviation = 10.7 ) . RESULTS Results for 52 teeth in 42 patients were analyzed . There were no fractures . The overall failure rate was 7.7 % and the cumulative survival rate was 89.6 % at the end of the follow-up period . The only statistically significant finding ( p = 0.04 ) was that posts in lower premolars were at higher risk of failure . CONCLUSION CFRR posts are among the most predictable systems available today . CFRR posts in the upper anterior teeth are associated with a higher success rate and longer life than those placed in premolars , especially lower premolars . This study contributes to the growing body of evidence that supports the use of CFRR posts in the restoration of endodontically treated teeth PURPOSE This controlled clinical trial aim ed to compare the 3-year outcomes of glass fiber posts and composite cores with gold alloy-based posts and cores for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth . MATERIAL S AND METHODS One hundred forty-four patients in need of 205 restorations on endodontically treated teeth were selected and followed for 7 to 37 months ( mean : 21 ± 9 months ) . The teeth were primarily stratified based on the remaining tissue available to restore the tooth core with or without a post . Then , r and omization allocated the teeth to either test group 1 ( prefabricated glass fiber posts ) , test group 2 ( custom-made glass fiber posts ) , or test group 3 ( composite cores without posts ) . The control group consisted of gold alloy-based posts and cores . All posts/cores were covered with all-ceramic single crowns .  Failures were either absolute , such as root fractures or irreparable fractures of the post/core , or relative , such as loss of post retention or reparable fractures of the core . Success and survival probability lifetime curves , corrected for clustering , were drawn for the entire data set . RESULTS The recall rate at 3 years was 97.1 % . Absolute failures consisted of two root fractures and one endodontic failure , while relative failures included three instances of retention loss of the post/core and one post fracture . Because of the low number of events , no statistical tests were performed . The success and survival probabilities over all groups together at 3 years amounted to 91.7 % and 97.2 % , respectively . CONCLUSIONS After being followed for up to 3 years , both cast gold and composite post and core systems performed well clinical ly . Longer follow-up times are needed to detect possible significant differences . Int J Prosthodont 2011;24:363 - 372 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Little information exists regarding the outcome of crown build-ups on endodontically treated teeth restored with metal-ceramic crowns or with only a direct-placed composite . PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical success rate of endodontically treated premolars restored with fiber posts and direct composite restorations and compare that treatment with a similar treatment of full-coverage with metal-ceramic crowns . MATERIAL AND METHODS Subjects included in this study had one maxillary or m and ibular premolar for which endodontic treatment and crown build up was indicated and met specific inclusion /exclusion criteria . Only premolars with Class II carious lesions and preserved cusp structure were included . Subjects were r and omly assigned to 1 of the following 2 experimental groups : ( 1 ) teeth endodontically treated and restored with adhesive techniques and composite or ( 2 ) teeth endodontically treated , restored with adhesive techniques and composite , and then restored with full-coverage metal-ceramic crowns .  Sixty teeth were included in the first group and 57 in the second . All restorations were performed by one operator . Causes of failure were categorized as root fracture , post fracture , post decementation , clinical and /or radiographic evidence of marginal gap between tooth and restoration , and clinical and /or radiographic evidence of secondary caries contiguous with restoration margins . Subjects were examined for the listed clinical and radiographic causes of failure by 2 calibrated examiners at intervals of 1 , 2 , and 3 years . Exact 95 % confidence intervals for the difference between the 2 experimental groups were calculated . RESULTS At the 1-year recall , no failures were reported . The only failure modes observed at 2 and 3 years were decementations of posts and clinical and /or radiographic evidence of marginal gap between tooth and restoration . There was no difference in the failure frequencies of the 2 groups ( 95 % confidence interval , -17.5 to 12.6 ) . There was no difference between the number of failures caused by post decementations and the presence of marginal gaps observed in the 2 groups ( 95 % confidence intervals , -9.7 to 16.2 and -17.8 to 9.27 ) . CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study , the results upheld the research hypothesis that the clinical success rates of endodontically treated premolars restored with fiber posts and direct composite restorations after 3 years of service were equivalent to a similar treatment of full coverage with metal-ceramic crowns The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of the quality of the coronal restoration and of the root canal obturation on the radiographic periapical status of endodontically treated teeth . Full-mouth radiographs  from r and omly selected new patient folders at Temple University Dental School were examined . The first 1010 endodontically treated teeth restored with a permanent restoration were evaluated independently by two examiners . Post and core type restorations were excluded . According to a predetermined radiographic st and ard set of criteria , the technical quality of the root filling of each tooth was scored as either good ( GE ) or poor ( PE ) , and the quality of the coronal restoration similarly good ( GR ) or poor ( PR ) . The apical one-third of the root and surrounding structures were then evaluated radiographically and the periradicular status categorized as ( a ) absence of periradicular inflammation ( API ) or ( b ) presence of periradicular inflammation ( PPI ) . The rate of API for all endodontically treated teeth was 61.07 % . GR result ed in significantly more API cases than GE , 80 % versus 75.7 % . PR result ed in significantly more PPI cases than PE , 30.2 % versus 48.6 % . The combination of GR and GE had the highest API rate of 91.4 % , significantly higher than PR and PE with a API rate of 18.1 % PURPOSE To compare by confocal and scanning electron microscopy the post-resin-dentin interfaces of endodontically-treated teeth which had been restored with dentin-bonding systems and composite and needed to be extracted after 6 months to 6 years of clinical service . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Sixteen single rooted teeth showing proximal lesions penetrating the pulp chamber were included in the investigation and divided into two groups . Group 1 teeth were endodontically-treated , restored with carbon fiber posts and resin-based composite . Group 2 teeth were treated in the same way and covered with porcelain fused-to-metal crowns . RESULTS Two thirds of the observed interfaces showed resin penetration of the root dentin in the middle and coronal third of the post space preparation , while only one third of the interface showed resin infiltration in the apical third of the post space preparation . Debonding of the adhesive from the resin infiltrated dentin area and debonding of the composite cement from the adhesive were the most frequently observed failure modes and were observed in one third of the observed interfaces . There was no difference between the post-resin-dentin interfaces of teeth covered and teeth not covered with porcelain-fused to metal crowns . Teeth extracted after longer periods of clinical service showed more abundant areas of debonding of the adhesive from the resin-dentin interdiffusion zone . The presence of bacteria in resin infiltrated dentin tubules was observed in two specimens Glass fiber-reinforced endodontic posts are considered to have favorable mechanical properties for the reconstruction of endodontically treated teeth . The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the survival of two tapered and one parallel-sided glass fiber-reinforced endodontic post systems in teeth with different stages of hard tissue loss and to identify risk factors for restoration failure . One-hundred and forty-nine glass fiber-reinforced endodontic posts in 122 patients were followed-up for 5 - 56 months [ mean + /- st and ard deviation ( SD ) : 39 + /- 11 months ] . Glass fiber-reinforced endodontic posts were adhesively luted and the core was built with a composite resin .  Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association of clinical variables and failure rate . Higher failure rates were found for restorations of anterior teeth compared with posterior teeth [ Hazard-Ratios ( HR ) : 3.1 ; 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) : 1.3 - 7.4 ] , for restorations in teeth with no proximal contacts compared with at least one proximal contact ( HR : 3.0 ; 95 % CI : 1.0 - 9.0 ) , and for teeth restored with single crowns compared with fixed bridges ( HR : 4.3 ; 95 % CI : 1.1 - 16.2 ) . Tooth type , type of final restoration and the presence of adjacent teeth were found to be significant predictors of failure rates in endodontically treated teeth restored with glass fiber-reinforced endodontic posts This study reports a prospect i ve clinical trial comparing a carbon fibre reinforced carbon ( CFRC ) endodontic post with a conventional prefabricated post .  Twenty-seven single rooted maxillary anterior teeth in 18 patients ( nine males and nine females ; age range 18 - 60 years ) were restored either with a CFRC post or a wrought precious alloy control . Cast type III gold alloy cores were used in conjunction with both post groups . The CRFC posts ( n = 16 ) were cemented with a composite luting agent and the conventional posts ( control ) were cemented with zinc phosphate . Four failures were recorded in the CFRC post group at 24 , 29 , 56 and 87 months , compared with one failure in the control group at 84 months . These results suggest that post-retained crowns utilizing a CFRC material and a composite resin luting agent do not perform as well as conventional wrought precious alloy posts PURPOSE The aim of this study was to compare the 5-year outcomes of glass fiber composite with cast posts and cores for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth . MATERIAL S AND METHODS A total of 143 patients in need of 203 full ceramic restorations on endodontically treated teeth were included . After primary stratification based on the need for post or no post , teeth were r and omly allotted to test group 1 ( prefabricated glass fiber posts ) , 2 ( custom-made glass fiber posts ) , or 3 ( composite cores without posts ) . The control group was treated with gold alloy-based wrought posts and cast cores .  Success ( original present ) and survival ( present after intervention ) probability lifetime curves , corrected for clustering , were drawn over the entire data set . RESULTS The mean follow-up time was 5.8 years ( range : 0.5 to 7.2 years ) . At 5 years , the success and survival probabilities were 85.2 % and 91.5 % , respectively . Lifetime curves did not show any significant differences between the test and control groups for success ( P = .85 ) or survival ( P = .57 ) . Moreover , no significant differences for success or survival could be found among the four groups ( the three test groups and the control group ) . CONCLUSION After 5 years of follow-up , cast gold and composite post- and -core systems on teeth with ceramic full restorations provided with a ferrule performed equally well
The results of this study did not show significant differences for root fracture incidence between metal- and fiber posts .
INTRODUCTION Teeth requiring endodontic treatment commonly have compromised a coronal tooth structure that often requires the use of an intraradicular post to retain the coronal restoration .
Although usually successful , catastrophic failures requiring extraction have been reported in the literature .
The aim of this systematic review was to analyze clinical trials and cohort studies that evaluated the incidence rate of root fractures in post-retained restorations .
The hypothesis was that the incidence rate related to the use of metal posts was higher than that of fiber posts .