Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Oxidative Stress Indices in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial Effects of Probiotics on Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Factors in Petrochemical Workers: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial The effects of probiotic supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes The effects of probiotic and selenium co-supplementation on parameters of mental health, hormonal profiles, and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome Effect of protein, probiotic, and symbiotic supplementation on serum biological health markers of molted layers. Probiotic yogurt improves antioxidant status in type 2 diabetic patients. Effect of a probiotic preparation (VSL#3) in critically ill patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (Pilot Study) Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Hormonal Profiles, Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. A randomized controlled trial to test the effect of multispecies probiotics on cognitive reactivity to sad mood Probiotic supplementation affects markers of intestinal barrier, oxidation, and inflammation in trained men; a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial The effects of synbiotic supplementation on hormonal status, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Evaluation of the functional efficacy of an antioxidative probiotic in healthy volunteers Probiotic administration among free-living older adults: a double blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial Effects of supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids on oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with Alzheimer's disease: the OmegAD study. Impact of personalized diet and probiotic supplementation on inflammation, nutritional parameters and intestinal microbiota - The "RISTOMED project": Randomized controlled trial in healthy older people. Effect of Daily Consumption of Probiotic Yogurt on Oxidative Stress in Pregnant Women: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial The effects of probiotics on mental health and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in petrochemical workers
Objective : Rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that causes great pain and disability and increasing oxidative stress in patients . The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of probiotics — live microorganisms with many health benefits , including antioxidant properties — on oxidative stress indices of patients with RA . This study is a secondary analysis from a previously published study Methods : In a r and omized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial , 46 patients with RA were assigned to one of two groups ; patients in the probiotic group received a daily capsule containing 108 colony forming units ( CFUs ) of Lactobacillus casei 01 ( L. casei 01 ) , while those in the placebo group took identical capsules containing maltodextrin , for 8 weeks . In the baseline and at the end of the study , anxiety , physical activity levels , and dietary intakes were assessed . Anthropometric parameters , serum malondialdehyde ( MDA ) , total antioxidant capacity ( TAC ) , erythrocyte superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) , glutathione peroxidase ( GPx ) , and catalase ( CAT ) activities were measured . Results : There was no significant difference between the two groups for demographic characteristics , anthropometric parameters , physical activity , anxiety levels , or dietary intakes , throughout the course of the study . No significant within- and between-group differences were observed for MDA , TAC , or CAT . SOD activity decreased only in the probiotic group and GPx activity decreased in both study groups ( p < 0.05 ) ; however , no significant between-group difference was found for these enzymes activities at the end of the study ( p > 0.05 ) . Conclusion : No significant effect of L. casei 01 supplementation was observed on the oxidative status of patients with RA , compared to placebo Background : The aim of the current study was to determine effects of probiotic yoghurt and multispecies probiotic capsule supplementation on biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in petrochemical workers . Methods : This r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial was done among petrochemical workers . Subjects were r and omly divided into three groups to receive 100 g/day probiotic yogurt ( n = 12 ) or one probiotic capsule daily ( n = 13 ) or 100 g/day conventional yogurt ( n = 10 ) for 6 weeks . The probiotic yoghurt was containing two strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis with a total of min 1 × 107 CFU . Multispecies probiotic capsule contains seven probiotic bacteria spices Actobacillus casei 3 × 103 , L. acidophilus 3 × 107 , Lactobacillus rhamnosus 7 × 109 , Lactobacillus bulgaricus 5 × 108 , Bifidobacterium breve 2 × 1010 , Bifidobacterium longum 1 × 109 and Streptococcus thermophilus 3 × 108 CFU/g . Fasting blood sample s were obtained at the beginning and end of the trial to quantify biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammatory factors . Results : Although a significant within-group decrease in plasma protein carbonyl levels was seen in the probiotic capsule group ( 326.0 ± 308.9 vs. 251.0 ± 176.3 ng/mL , P = 0.02 ) , the changes were similar among the three groups . In addition , significant within-group decreases in plasma iso prostagl and in were observed in the probiotic supplements group ( 111.9 ± 85.4 vs. 88.0 ± 71.0 pg/mL , P = 0.003 ) and in the probiotic yogurt group ( 116.3 ± 93.0 vs. 92.0 ± 66.0 pg/mL , P = 0.02 ) , nevertheless there were no significant change among the three groups . Conclusions : Taken together , consumption of probiotic yogurt or multispecies probiotic capsule had beneficial effects on biomarkers of oxidative stress in petrochemical workers Abstract Objective : This study was design ed to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation , oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes  among subjects with gestational diabetes ( GDM ) . Methods : This r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled clinical trial was done among 60 subjects with GDM who were not on oral hypoglycemic agents . Patients were r and omly allocated to intake either probiotic capsule containing Lactobacillus acidophilus , Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium bifidum ( 2 × 109 CFU/g each ) ( n = 30 ) or placebo ( n = 30 ) for six weeks . Results : Compared with the placebo , probiotic supplementation result ed in significant decreases in fasting plasma glucose ( FPG ) ( −5.3 ± 6.7 vs. + 0.03 ± 9.0 mg/dL , p = .01 ) , serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) ( −2.2 ± 2.7 vs. + 0.5 ± 2.4 μg/mL , p < .001 ) , plasma malondialdehyde ( MDA ) concentrations ( −0.1 ± 0.8 vs. + 0.5 ± 1.5 μmol/L , p = .03 ) and MDA/TAC ratio ( −0.0003 ± 0.0008 vs. + 0.0009 ± 0.002 , p = .004 ) , and a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity ( TAC ) levels ( + 65.4 ± 103.3 vs. −37.2 ± 143.7 mmol/L , p = .002 ) . Probiotic supplementation did not affect pregnancy outcomes . Conclusions : Overall , probiotic supplementation among women with GDM for six weeks had beneficial effects on FPG , serum hs-CRP , plasma TAC , MDA and oxidative stress index , but did not affect pregnancy outcomes Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the co-administration of probiotic and selenium on parameters of mental health , hormonal profiles , and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with PCOS . Data on the effects of selenium and probiotic co-supplementation on mental health , hormonal and inflammatory parameters of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS ) are scarce . This investigation was carried out to evaluate the effects of selenium and probiotic co-supplementation on mental health , hormonal and inflammatory parameters in women with PCOS . Methods This r and omized , double-blinded , placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 60 subjects , aged 18–40 years old . Participants were r and omly allocated into two groups to intake 8 × 109 CFU/day probiotic plus 200 μg/day selenium supplements ( n = 30 ) or placebo ( n = 30 ) for 12 weeks . Hormonal and inflammatory parameters were measured at baseline and after the 12-week intervention . Results Probiotic and selenium co-supplementation result ed in a significant improvement in beck depression inventory ( β − 0.76 ; 95 % CI , − 1.26 , − 0.26 ; P = 0.003 ) , general health question naire scores ( β − 1.15 ; 95 % CI , − 1.97 , − 0.32 ; P = 0.007 ) and depression anxiety and stress scale scores ( β − 1.49 ; 95 % CI , − 2.59 , − 0.39 ; P = 0.009 ) compared with the placebo . Furthermore , probiotic and selenium co-supplementation  significantly reduced total testosterone ( β − 0.26 ng/mL ; 95 % CI , − 0.51 , − 0.02 ; P = 0.03 ) , hirsutism ( β − 0.43 ; 95 % CI , − 0.74 , − 0.11 ; P = 0.008 ) , high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) ( β − 0.58 mg/L ; 95 % CI , − 0.97 , − 0.19 ; P = 0.004 ) and malondialdehyde ( MDA ) levels ( β − 0.29 μmol/L ; 95 % CI , − 0.56 , − 0.02 ; P = 0.03 ) , and significantly increased total antioxidant capacity ( TAC ) ( β + 84.76 mmol/L ; 95 % CI , + 48.08 , + 121.44 ; P < 0.001 ) and total glutathione ( GSH ) levels ( β + 26.78 μmol/L ; 95 % CI , + 4.33 , + 49.23 ; P = 0.02 ) compared with the placebo . Conclusions Overall , the co-administration of probiotic and selenium for 12 weeks to women with PCOS had beneficial effects on mental health parameters , serum total testosterone , hirsutism , hs-CRP , TAC , GSH and MDA levels . This study was prospect ively registered in the Iranian website ( www.i rct .ir ) for registration of clinical trials ( http://www.i rct .ir : I RCT 20170513033941N22).Trial registration I RCT 20170513033941N22 Dietary zinc was used to induce molt in 200 White Leghorn birds in caged housing at the age of 70 wk . The birds were equally and r and omly allocated to 4 groups each of 50 birds as G1 ( control ; CP 16 % , no supplement ) , G2 ( CP 18 % , no other supplement ) , G3 ( CP 16 % , symbiotic Perfectin : 85 mg•L(-1 ) in drinking water daily ) , and G4 ( CP 16 % , probiotic Protexin : 85 mg•L(-1 ) in drinking water daily ) after the completion of molt . The sampling was conducted 3 times at 5 % production , peak production , and end of production with 15 birds being killed at each sampling from each group to collect the blood for harvesting of serum . Serum health markers including total oxidant status , total antioxidant capacity , homocysteine concentration , and paraoxonase , arylesterase , and ceruloplasmin activity were determined by the prescribed assays . The overall total antioxidant capacity was increased , whereas total oxidant status and homocysteine concentrations were reduced significantly ( P ≤ 0.01 ) in all the supplemented groups compared with the control . The paraoxonase and ceruloplasmin activity were enhanced ( P ≤ 0.01 ) in the supplemented groups compared with the control , and arylesterase activity was increased ( P ≤ 0.01 ) in only G2 compared with the other groups . Although protein supplementation significantly reduced the oxidative stress , supplementation with symbiotic and probiotic also improved the health status by decreasing the oxidative stress in the birds OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes . Among various functional foods with an antioxidant effect , probiotic foods have been reported to repress oxidative stress . The objective of this clinical trial was to assess the effects of probiotic and conventional yogurt on blood glucose and antioxidant status in type 2 diabetic patients . METHODS Sixty-four patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus , 30 to 60 y old , were assigned to two groups in this r and omized , double-blind , controlled clinical trial . The patients in the intervention group consumed 300 g/d of probiotic yogurt containing Lactobacillus acidophilus La5 and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 and those in the control group consumed 300 g/d of conventional yogurt for 6 wk .  Fasting blood sample s , 24-h dietary recalls , and anthropometric measurements were collected at the baseline and at the end of the trial . RESULTS Probiotic yogurt significantly decreased fasting blood glucose ( P < 0.01 ) and hemoglobin A1c ( P < 0.05 ) and increased erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities and total antioxidant status ( P < 0.05 ) compared with the control group . In addition , the serum malondialdehyde concentration significantly decreased compared with the baseline value in both groups ( P < 0.05 ) . No significant changes from baseline were shown in insulin concentration and erythrocyte catalase activity within either group ( P > 0.05 ) . CONCLUSION The consumption of probiotic yogurt improved fasting blood glucose and antioxidant status in type 2 diabetic patients . These results suggest that probiotic yogurt is a promising agent for diabetes management Objective : Reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) are a major contributing factor in diseases pathophysiology in critically ill patients . Oxidative stress usually occurs in critical illnesses , specifically during sepsis , and organ dysfunction . The anti-oxidative properties of probiotics may serve as a defense in intestine and overcome various oxidative stresses . The aim of this trial was to determine the effect of probiotics on inflammation , antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation in critically ill patients . Methodology : Forty patients admitted to the intensive care unit were enrolled in this double-blind , r and omized controlled trial . They were r and omized to receive placebo or probiotic for 7 days . Serum levels of Total Antioxidant Capacity ( TAC ) , Malodialdehyde ( MDA ) , C-Reactive Protein ( CRP ) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation ( APACHE II ) score were measured before initiation of the study and on the 7th day . Results : There was a significant difference in CRP levels and APACHE II score between two groups at the end of the study ( P= 0.003 and 0.001 , respectively ) . There was not a significant difference in levels of TAC and MDA between two groups . Conclusions : Administration of  probiotics to critically ill patients caused reduction in inflammation and improvement of clinical outcome . However , there were not significant changes in markers of oxidative stress BACKGROUND To the best of our knowledge , data on effects of probiotic administration on hormonal profiles , biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS ) are scarce . This investigation was conducted to assess the effects of probiotic supplementation on hormonal profiles , biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with PCOS . METHODS This r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 60 women with PCOS , aged 18 - 40 years old . Subjects were r and omly assigned into 2 groups to receive either probiotics or placebo ( n = 30 each group ) for 12 weeks . Metabolic profiles were quantified at baseline and after a 12-week intervention . RESULTS After the 12-week intervention , compared with placebo , probiotic supplementation significantly increased serum sex hormone-binding globulin ( SHBG ) ( + 25.9 ± 32.5 vs. + 0.5 ± 15.6 nmol/L , P < 0.001 ) and plasma total antioxidant capacity ( TAC ) ( + 8.8 ± 120.5 vs. -98.3 ± 246.4 mmol/L , P = 0.04 ) , and significantly decreased serum total testosterone ( -0.2 ± 0.7 vs. + 0.2 ± 0.6 ng/mL , P = 0.03 ) , modified Ferriman-Gallwey ( mF-G ) scores ( -1.7 ± 1.5 vs. -0.2 ± 1.0 , P < 0.001 ) , serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) ( -1150.0 ± 1295.2 vs. + 202.5 ± 1426.3 ng/mL , P < 0.001 ) and plasma malondialdehyde ( MDA ) concentrations ( -0.2 ± 0.6 vs. + 0.9 ± 1.3 µmol/L , P < 0.001 ) . We did not observe any detrimental effect of probiotic supplementation on other metabolic profiles . CONCLUSION Overall , probiotic supplementation of PCOS women for 12 weeks had beneficial effects on total testosterone , SHBG , mFG scores , hs-CRP , TAC and MDA levels but did not affect other metabolic profiles BACKGROUND Recent insights into the role of the human microbiota in cognitive and affective functioning have led to the hypothesis that probiotic supplementation may act as an adjuvant strategy to ameliorate or prevent depression . OBJECTIVE Heightened cognitive reactivity to normal , transient changes in sad mood is an established marker of vulnerability to depression and is considered an important target for interventions . The present study aim ed to test if a multispecies probiotic containing Bifidobacterium bifidum W23 , Bifidobacterium lactis W52 , Lactobacillus acidophilus W37 , Lactobacillus brevis W63 , Lactobacillus casei W56 , Lactobacillus salivarius W24 , and Lactococcus lactis ( W19 and W58 ) may reduce cognitive reactivity in non-depressed individuals . DESIGN In a triple-blind , placebo-controlled , r and omized , pre- and post-intervention assessment design , 20 healthy participants without current mood disorder received a 4-week probiotic food-supplement intervention with the multispecies probiotics , while 20 control participants received an inert placebo for the same period . In the pre- and post-intervention assessment , cognitive reactivity to sad mood was assessed using the revised Leiden index of depression sensitivity scale . RESULTS Compared to participants who received the placebo intervention , participants who received the 4-week multispecies probiotics intervention showed a significantly reduced overall cognitive reactivity to sad mood , which was largely accounted for by reduced rumination and aggressive thoughts . CONCLUSION These results provide the first evidence that the intake of probiotics may help reduce negative thoughts associated with sad mood . Probiotics supplementation warrants further research as a potential preventive strategy for depression Background Probiotics are an upcoming group of nutraceuticals cl aim ing positive effects on athlete ’s gut health , redox biology and immunity but there is lack of evidence to support these statements . Methods We conducted a r and omized , double-blinded , placebo controlled trial to observe effects of probiotic supplementation on markers of intestinal barrier , oxidation and inflammation , at rest and after intense exercise . 23 trained men received multi-species probiotics ( 1010 CFU/day , Ecologic ® Performance or OMNi-BiOTiC ® POWER , n = 11 ) or placebo ( n = 12 ) for 14 weeks and performed an intense cycle ergometry over 90 minutes at baseline and after 14 weeks . Zonulin and α1-antitrypsin were measured from feces to estimate gut leakage at baseline and at the end of treatment . Venous blood was collected at baseline and after 14 weeks , before and immediately post exercise , to determine carbonyl proteins ( CP ) , malondialdehyde ( MDA ) , total oxidation status of lipids ( TOS ) , tumor necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF-α ) , and interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) . Statistical analysis used multifactorial analysis of variance ( ANOVA ) . Level of significance was set at p < 0.05 , a trend at p < 0.1 . Results Zonulin decreased with supplementation from values slightly above normal into normal ranges ( < 30 ng/ml ) and was significantly lower after 14 weeks with probiotics compared to placebo ( p = 0.019 ) . We observed no influence on α1-antitrypsin ( p > 0.1 ) . CP increased significantly from pre to post exercise in both groups at baseline and in the placebo group after 14 weeks of treatment ( p = 0.006 ) . After 14 weeks , CP concentrations were tendentially lower with probiotics ( p = 0.061 ) . TOS was slightly increased above normal in both groups , at baseline and after 14 weeks of treatment . There was no effect of supplementation or exercise on TOS . At baseline , both groups showed considerably higher TNF-α concentrations than normal . After 14 weeks TNF-α was tendentially lower in the supplemented group ( p = 0.054 ) . IL-6 increased significantly from pre to post exercise in both groups ( p = 0.001 ) , but supplementation had no effect . MDA was not influenced , neither by supplementation nor by exercise . Conclusions The probiotic treatment decreased Zonulin in feces , a marker indicating enhanced gut permeability . Moreover , probiotic supplementation beneficially affected TNF-α and exercise induced protein oxidation . These results demonstrate promising benefits for probiotic use in trained men . Clinical trial registryhttp://www . clinical trials.gov , identifier : Background To our knowledge , no reports are available indicating the effects of synbiotic supplementation on hormonal status , biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS ) . This research was done to assess the effects of synbiotic supplementation on hormonal status , biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in subjects with PCOS . Methods This r and omized double-blind , placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 60 subjects diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria . Subjects were r and omly assigned into two groups to take either synbiotic ( n = 30 ) or placebo ( n = 30 ) for 12 weeks . Endocrine , inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers were quantified at baseline and after the 12-week intervention . Results After the 12-week intervention , compared with the placebo , synbiotic supplementation significantly increased serum sex hormone-binding globulin ( SHBG ) ( changes from baseline in synbiotic group : + 19.8 ± 47.3 vs. in placebo group : + 0.5 ± 5.4 nmol/L , p = 0.01 ) , plasma nitric oxide ( NO ) ( changes from baseline in synbiotic group : + 5.5 ± 4.8 vs. in placebo group : + 0.3 ± 9.1 μmol/L , p = 0.006 ) , and decreased modified Ferriman Gallwey ( mF-G ) scores ( changes from baseline in synbiotic group : − 1.3 ± 2.5 vs. in placebo group : − 0.1 ± 0.5 , p = 0.01 ) and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) ( changes from baseline in synbiotic group : − 950.0 ± 2246.6 vs. in placebo group : + 335.3 ± 2466.9 ng/mL , p = 0.02 ) . We did not observe any significant effect of synbiotic supplementation on other hormonal status and biomarkers of oxidative stress . Conclusions Overall , synbiotic supplementation for 12 weeks in PCOS women had beneficial effects on SHBG , mFG scores , hs-CRP and NO levels , but did not affect other hormonal status and biomarkers of oxidative stress . Trial registration This study was retrospectively registered in the Iranian website ( www.i rct .ir ) for registration of clinical trials ( I RCT 201509115623N53 ) , on 2015–09 - 27 Background In persons without clinical symptom it is difficult to assess an impact of probiotics regarding its effect on health . We evaluated the functional efficacy of the probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3 in healthy volunteers by measuring the influence of two different formulations on intestinal lactoflora , fecal recovery of the probiotic strain and oxidative stress markers of blood and urine after 3 weeks consumption . Methods Two 3-week healthy volunteer trials were performed . Open placebo controlled ( OPC ) study participants ( n = 21 ) consumed either goat milk or by L. fermentum ME-3 fermented goat milk ( daily dose 11.8 log CFU ( Colony Forming Units ) . Double blind r and omised placebo controlled ( DBRP ) study participants ( n = 24 ) received either capsules with L. fermentum ME-3 ( daily of dose 9.2 CFU ) or placebo capsules . The faecal lactoflora composition , faecal ME-3 recovery , effect of the consumption on intestinal lactoflora , and oxidative stress markers of blood ( total antioxidative activity ; total antioxidative status and glutathione red-ox ratio ) was measured . Results ME-3 was well tolerated and a significant increase in total faecal lactobacilli yet no predominance of ME-3 was detected in all study groups . Faecal recovery of ME-3 was documented by molecular methods only in fermented milk group , however the significant improvement of blood TAA ( Total Antioxidative Activity ) and TAS ( Total Antioxidative Status ) indices was seen both in case of fermented goat milk and capsules " , yet glutathione re-ox ratio values decreased only in case of fermented by ME-3 goat milk . Conclusion The functional efficacy of both consumed formulations of an antioxidative probiotic L. fermentum ME-3 is proved by the increase of the intestinal lactobacilli counts providing putative defence against enteric infections and by reduction of the oxidative stress indices of blood and urine of healthy volunteers . In non-diseased host the probiotic health cl aims can be assessed by improvement of some measurable laboratory indices of well-established physiological functions of host , e.g. markers of antioxidative defence system Background Diseases of the digestive system have been found to contribute to a higher symptom burden in older adults . Thus , therapeutic strategies able to treat gastrointestinal discomfort might impact the overall health status and help older adults to increase their overall health status and optimal functionality . Objective The aim of this double-blinded , r and omized , placebo-controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus reuteri on digestive health and wellbeing in older adults . Methods The study enrolled general older adults ( > 65 years ) . After eligibility screening qualified subjects ( n = 290 ) participated in a 2-arm study design , with each arm consisting of 12 weeks of intervention of either active or placebo product . Primary outcome measure was set to changes in gastrointestinal symptoms and secondary outcome measures were changes in level of wellbeing , anxiety and stress . Follow up was performed at 8 and 12 weeks . Results No persistent significant effects were observed on the primary or secondary outcome parameters of the study . A modest effect was observed in the probiotic arm , were levels of stress decreased at week 8 and 12 . Similarly , we found that subjects suffering from indigestion and abdominal pain , respectively , showed a significant decrease of anxiety at week 8 after probiotic treatment , but not at week 12 . Conclusion The RCT failed to show any improvement in digestive health after daily intake of a probiotic supplement containing L. reuteri . Neither was any significant improvement in wellbeing , stress or anxiety observed . Even though the RCT had a negative outcome , the study highlights issues important to take into consideration when design ing trials among older adults . Trial registration Clinical trials.gov/NCT01837940 BACKGROUND Oxidative stress and inflammation are two key mechanisms suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer 's disease ( AD ) . Omega-3 fatty acids ( ω-3 FAs ) found in fish and fish oil have several biological properties that may be beneficial in AD . However , they may also auto-oxidize and induce in vivo lipid peroxidation . OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate systemic oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers following oral supplementation of dietary ω-3 FA . METHODS Forty patients with moderate AD were r and omized to receive 1.7 g DHA ( 22:6 ) and 0.6 g EPA ( 20:5 ) or placebo for 6 months . Urinary sample s were collected before and after supplementation . The levels of the major F2-isoprostane , 8-iso-PGF2α , a consistent in vivo biomarker of oxidative stress , and 15-keto-dihydro-PGF2α , a major metabolite of PGF2α and biomarker of inflammatory response , were measured . RESULTS F2-isoprostane in urine increased in the placebo group after 6 months , but there was no clear difference in treatment effect between supplemented and non-supplemented patients on the urinary levels of F2-isoprostanes and 15-keto-dihydro-PGF2α . At baseline , the levels of 15-keto-dihydro-PGF2α showed negative correlative relationships to ω-3 FAs , and a positive correlation to linoleic acid . 8-iso-PGF2α correlated negatively to the ω-6 FA arachidonic acid . CONCLUSION The findings indicate that supplementation of ω-3 FAs to patients with AD for 6 months does not have a clear effect on free radical-mediated formation of F2-isoprostane or cyclooxygenase-mediated formation of prostagl and in F2α . The correlative relationships to FAs indicate a potential role of FAs in immunoregulation OBJECTIVES To assess the impact of a personalized diet , with or without addition of VSL#3 preparation , on biomarkers of inflammation , nutrition , oxidative stress and intestinal microbiota in 62 healthy persons aged 65 - 85 years . DESIGN Open label , r and omized , multicenter study . PRIMARY ENDPOINT High-sensitivity C-reactive protein . SETTING Community . INTERVENTIONS Eight week web-based dietary advice ( RISTOMED platform ) alone or with supplementation of VSL#3 ( 2 capsules per day ) . The RISTOMED diet was optimized to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress . MEASUREMENTS Blood and stool sample s were collected on days 1 and 56 . RESULTS Diet alone reduced ESR ( p = 0.02 ) , plasma levels of cholesterol ( p < 0.01 ) and glucose ( p = 0.03 ) . Addition of VSL#3  reduced ESR ( p = 0.05 ) and improved folate ( p = 0.007 ) , vitamin B12 ( p = 0.001 ) and homocysteine ( p < 0.001 ) plasma levels . Neither intervention demonstrated any further effects on inflammation . Subgroup analysis showed 40 participants without signs of low- grade inflammation ( hsCRP<3 mg/l , subgroup 1 ) and 21 participants with low- grade inflammation at baseline ( hsCRP≥3 mg/l , subgroup 2 ) . In subgroup 2 addition of VSL#3  increased bifidobacteria ( p = 0.005 ) in more participants and improved both folate ( p = 0.015 ) and vitamin B12 ( p = 0.035 ) levels compared with subgroup 1 . The increases were positively correlated to the change in the bifidobacteria concentration for folate ( p = 0.023 ) and vitamin B12 ( p = 0.001 ) . As expected change in homocysteine correlated negatively to change in folate ( r = -0.629 , p = 0.002 ) and vitamin B12 ( r = -0.482 , p = 0.026 ) . CONCLUSIONS Addition of VSL#3  increased bifidobacteria and supported adequate folate and vitamin B12 concentrations in subjects with low- grade inflammation . Decrease in homocysteine with VSL#3 was clinical ly relevant . suggesting protective potentials for aging-associated conditions , e.g. cardiovascular or neurological diseases . Clinical Trials.gov : NCT01069445-NCT01179789 Background : Due to the enhanced oxygen requirement of the mitochondria-rich placenta primarily during the third trimester , pregnancy is associated with elevated levels of oxidative stress . This study was design ed to determine the effects of daily consumption of probiotic yogurt on oxidative stress among Iranian pregnant women . Methods : This r and omized single-blind controlled clinical trial was performed among 70 pregnant women , singleton primigravida , aged 18 - 30 in their third trimester . Subjects were r and omly assigned to two groups to consume 200 g/day of either conventional yogurt ( n = 33 ) or probiotic yogurt ( n = 37 ) for 9 weeks . Fasting blood sample s were taken at baseline and after a 9-week intervention to measure oxidative stress parameters . Results : Consumption of probiotic yogurt result ed in increased erythrocyte glutathione reductase ( GR ) levels as compared to the conventional yogurt ( p = 0.01 ) . Despite the significant effect of probiotic yogurt consumption on plasma glutathione ( 67.9 µmol/l , p = 0.01 ) , erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase ( 163 mmol/min/ml , p = 0.04 ) and serum 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine levels ( -74.3 ng/ml , p = 0.04 ) , no significant differences were found between the two yogurts in terms of their effects on the mentioned parameters . Conclusion : Consumption of probiotic yogurt among pregnant women result ed in increased levels of erythrocyte GR as compared to the conventional yogurt , but could not affect other indices of oxidative stress Objective : The aim of this study was to determine effects of probiotic yogurt and multispecies probiotic capsule supplementation on mental health and hypothalamic – pituitary – adrenal axis in petrochemical workers . Methods : The present r and omized double-blind , placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 70 petrochemical workers . Subjects were r and omly divided into three groups to receive 100 g/day probiotic yogurt + one placebo capsule ( n = 25 ) or one probiotic capsule daily + 100 g/day conventional yogurt ( n = 25 ) or 100 g/day conventional yogurt + one placebo capsule ( n = 20 ) for 6 weeks . Mental health parameters including general health question naire ( GHQ ) and depression anxiety and stress scale ( DASS ) scores were measured . Fasting blood sample s were obtained at the beginning and 6 weeks after the intervention to quantify hypothalamic – pituitary – adrenal axis . Results : After 6 weeks of intervention , a significant improvement of GHQ was observed in the probiotic yogurt ( 18.0 ± 1.5 vs. 13.5 ± 1.9 , P = 0.007 ) and in the probiotic capsule group ( 16.9 ± 1.8 vs. 9.8 ± 1.9 , P = 0.001 ) , as well as a significant improvement in DASS scores in the probiotic yogurt ( 23.3 ± 3.7 vs. 13.0 ± 3.7 , P = 0.02 ) and the probiotic capsule group ( 18.9 ± 3.2 vs. 9.4 ± 4.0 , P = 0.006 ) . However , there was no significant improvement in the conventional yogurt group ( P = 0.05 for GHQ and P = 0.08 for DASS ) . Discussion : The consumption of probiotic yogurt or a multispecies probiotic capsule had beneficial effects on mental health parameters in petrochemical workers
The current meta- analysis revealed that probiotic supplementation may result in increasing TAC and lowering MDA , which improve antioxidant status .
Previous studies have supposed that probiotic supplementation led to a positive effect on different health outcomes .
Furthermore , several studies indicated that probiotics supplementation improved antioxidant status , while some studies did not indicate these effects .
Hence , current systematic review and meta- analysis study was conducted to determine the effect of probiotic supplementation on some oxidative stress biomarkers  among adult subjects .