Sedentary behavior and psychiatric symptoms in overweight and obese adults with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders (WAIST Study) Effects of a Multidisciplinary Lifestyle Intervention for Obesity on Mental and Physical Components of Quality of Life: The Mediatory Role of Depression The effect of reinforcement or stimulus control to reduce sedentary behavior in the treatment of pediatric obesity. Effects of modifying physical activity and sedentary behavior on psychosocial adjustment in overweight/obese children. Decreasing sedentary behaviors in treating pediatric obesity. Intentional weight loss and 13-year diabetes incidence in overweight adults. Effects of decreasing sedentary behavior and increasing activity on weight change in obese children. Changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior in a randomized trial of an internet-based versus workbook-based family intervention study. Randomized controlled trial of a good practice approach to treatment of childhood obesity in Malaysia: Malaysian Childhood Obesity Treatment Trial (MASCOT). Rate of weight gain predicts change in physical activity levels: a longitudinal analysis of the EPIC-Norfolk cohort Behavioral engineering of activity choice in obese children Pilot Study of a Cognitive–Behavioral Group Intervention to Prevent Further Weight Gain in Hispanic Individuals With Schizophrenia Intervening to Reduce Sedentary Behaviors and Childhood Obesity among School-Age Youth: A Systematic Review of Randomized Trials Self-monitoring of spontaneous physical activity and sedentary behavior to prevent weight regain in older adults Evaluation of the Web-based computer-tailored FATaintPHAT intervention to promote energy balance among adolescents: results from a school cluster randomized trial. An individualized cognitive intervention: does it increase the efficacy of behavioral interventions for obesity? Using a technology-based intervention to promote weight loss in sedentary overweight or obese adults: a randomized controlled trial study design
OBJECTIVE Examine the association between sedentary behavior and psychiatric symptoms among overweight and obese adults with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders ( SZO/SA ) . DESIGN R and omized clinical trial ; Weight Assessment and Intervention in Schizophrenia Treatment ( WAIST ) Study : baseline data collected 2005 - 2008 . SETTING University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh , PA , USA . PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling adults diagnosed with SZO/SA , with mild symptom severity [ Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)<90 ] , who were interested in losing weight , age 18 - 70years , BMI > 27kg/m(2 ) . MEASUREMENTS Objective ly measured  sedentary behavior by accelerometry , and  psychopathology  assessed by PANSS . Participants wore the actigraphs for 7 consecutive days during their waking hours . Sedentary behavior was defined as ≤100 counts per minute during wear-time and excluded sleep and non-wear time . RESULTS On average , 81 % of the participant 's monitoring time or 756min/day was classified as sedentary behavior using accelerometry . No association was observed between sedentary behaviors and PANSS psychiatric symptoms [ total ( p≥0.75 ) , positive ( p≥0.81 ) , negative ( p≥0.59 ) and general psychopathology ( p≥0.65 ) subscales ] . No association was observed between sedentary behaviors and age , race , gender and BMI . CONCLUSION From a clinical and public health perspective , the amount of time ( approximately 13h ) and percentage of time ( 81 % excluding non-wear time associated with sleeping ) engaged in sedentary behavior among overweight and obese adults in this population is alarming , and points to an urgent need for interventions to decrease sedentary behaviors . The lack of associations between sedentary behavior and psychiatric symptoms may be due to a ceiling effect for sedentary behavior The current study investigates the effects of a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention for obesity on Health Related Quality of Life ( HRQoL ) . In this study , 92 adults with obesity were weighed and completed the Short Form Health Survey ( SF–36 ) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale ( CES – D ) at the baseline and at the end of a 3-month intervention . Repeated measures analysis of variance ( ANOVA ) , a series of hierarchical regressions , and the statistical mediation analysis of Baron and Kenny were conducted . ( a ) Over 3 months , changes in weight and the mental and physical scales of the SF–36 and depression were all significant . ( b ) The results indicate a significant mediation of changes in depression scores for the association between weight loss and enhancement on the General Health scale of the SF–36 . Improvements to HRQoL from a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention seem to affect both the physical and mental components of the SF–36 score and to reduce depression , contributing to enhanced self-perceptions of well-being Obese children were r and omly assigned to a family-based behavioral treatment that included either stimulus control or reinforcement to reduce sedentary behaviors . Significant and equivalent decreases in sedentary behavior and high energy density foods , increases in physical activity and fruits and vegetables , and decreases in st and ardized body mass index ( z- BMI ) were observed . Children who substituted active for sedentary behaviors had significantly greater z- BMI changes at 6 ( -1.21 vs. -0.76 ) and 12 ( -1.05 vs. -0.51 ) months , respectively . Substitution of physically active for sedentary behaviors and changes in activity level predicted 6- and 12-month z- BMI changes . Results suggest stimulus control and reinforcing reduced sedentary behaviors are equivalent ways to decrease sedentary behaviors , and behavioral economic relationships in eating and activity may mediate the effects of treatment OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relationship between changes in  physical activity ( PA ) , sedentary behavior , and physical self-perceptions and global self-worth in 30 , 8 - 12 years old , overweight/obese children ( 13 boys , 17 girls ) . METHODS Secondary analyses from a r and omized controlled trial design ed to increase PA and reduce sedentary behavior . PA was measured by accelerometers worn by participants every day for 8 weeks .  Sedentary behavior , defined as minutes per day spent in television viewing , was assessed by self-report . RESULTS Increases in PA were associated with increases in perceived physical conditioning ( r = .54 , p < .01 ) , body satisfaction ( r = .55 , p < .01 ) , and overall physical self-worth ( r = .44 , p < .05 ) independent of changes in body mass index ( BMI ) . Reductions in TV viewing were also related to increased physical and global self-worth . CONCLUSIONS Increases in PA are associated with improvements in physical self-perceptions but not global self-worth , while reductions in TV viewing are associated with increased physical and global self-worth , and these psychosocial benefits appear to be independent of changes in adiposity BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have shown television watching to be a risk factor for the development of obesity in children . The effect of reducing television watching and other sedentary behaviors as a component of a comprehensive obesity treatment program has not been thoroughly tested . OBJECTIVE To compare the influence of targeting decreases in sedentary behavior vs. increases in physical activity in the comprehensive treatment of obesity in 8- to 12-year-old children . DESIGN R and omized , controlled outcome study . SETTING Childhood obesity research clinic . DESIGN Ninety families with obese 8- to 12-year-old children were r and omly assigned to groups that were provided a comprehensive family-based behavioral weight control program that included dietary , and behavior change information but differed in whether sedentary or physically active behaviors were targeted and the degree of behavior change required . RESULTS Results during 2 years showed that targeting either decreased sedentary behaviors or increased physical activity was associated with significant decreases in percent overweight and body fat and improved aerobic fitness . Self-reported activity minutes increased and targeted sedentary time decreased during treatment . Children substituted nontargeted sedentary behaviors for some of their targeted sedentary behaviors . CONCLUSION These results support reducing sedentary behaviors as an adjunct in the treatment of pediatric obesity Observational studies have established that obesity is associated with a substantially increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.1 Whether intentional weight loss reduces the risk of obese persons ’ developing diabetes remains unclear , however . Two r and omized controlled trials for the primary prevention of type 2 diabetes in adults have included lifestyle intervention arms emphasizing modest weight loss.2,3 Relatively few observational studies have examined the association of weight loss with diabetes risk,4 and no published observational study has differentiated the effects of intentional weight loss from those of unintentional weight loss . This is important because unintentional weight loss may be associated with the clinical onset of diabetes.5 This is the first observational study to use data on weight-loss intention in examining the prospect i ve relationship between weight change and the incidence of diabetes in overweight adults Obese children 8 - 12 years old from 61 families were r and omized to treatment groups that targeted increased exercise , decreased sedentary behaviors , or both ( combined group ) to test the influence of reinforcing children to be more active or less sedentary on child weight change . Significant decreases in percentage overweight were observed after 4 months between the sedentary and the exercise groups ( -19.9 vs. -13.2 ) . At 1 year , the sedentary group had a greater decrease in percentage overweight than did the combined and the exercise groups ( -18.7 vs. -10.3 and -8.7 ) and greater decrease in percentage of body fat ( -4.7 vs. -1.3 ) . All groups improved fitness during treatment and follow-up . Children in the sedentary group increased their liking for high-intensity activity and reported lower caloric intake than did children in the exercise group . These results support the goal of reducing time spent in sedentary activities to improve weight loss BACKGROUND The America on the Move ( AOM ) Family Intervention Program has been shown to prevent excess weight gain in overweight children . Providing intervention material s via the internet would have the potential to reach more families but may increase sedentary behavior . The purpose was to evaluate whether delivering the AOM Family Intervention via the internet versus printed workbook would have a similar impact on sedentary behaviors in children . METHODS 131 children ( age 8 - 12 ) were r and omized to receive the AOM Family Intervention via the internet or workbook for 12 weeks . Changes in objective ly measured sedentary time and moderate-to vigorous physical activity ( MVPA ) as well as self-reported screen time were compared between groups . RESULTS There were no significant differences between groups in screen time , sedentary time , or MVPA at the end of the 12 week intervention . Families receiving the intervention via the internet were more likely to remain in the study ( 98 % vs. 82 % , P = .016 ) . CONCLUSIONS Using the internet to deliver the lifestyle intervention did not increase  sedentary behavior in children . Attrition rates were lower when the program was delivered by internet versus via printed material s. These results provide support for using the internet to deliver healthy lifestyle programs for children CONTEXT Few r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) of interventions for the treatment of childhood obesity have taken place outside the Western world . AIM To test whether a good practice intervention for the treatment of childhood obesity would have a greater impact on weight status and other outcomes than a control condition in Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia . METHODS Assessor-blinded RCT of a treatment intervention in 107 obese 7- to 11-year olds . The intervention was relatively low intensity ( 8 hours contact over 26 weeks , group based ) , aim ing to change child sedentary behavior , physical activity , and diet using behavior change counselling . Outcomes were measured at baseline and six months after the start of the intervention . Primary outcome was BMI z-score , other outcomes were weight change , health-related quality of life ( Peds QL ) , objective ly measured physical activity and sedentary behavior ( Actigraph accelerometry over 5 days ) . RESULTS The intervention had no significant effect on BMI z score relative to control . Weight gain was reduced significantly in the intervention group compared to the control group ( + 1.5 kg vs. + 3.5 kg , respectively , t-test p < 0.01 ) . Changes in health-related quality of life and objective ly measured physical activity and sedentary behavior favored the intervention group . CONCLUSIONS Treatment was associated with reduced rate of weight gain , and improvements in physical activity and quality of life . More substantial benefits may require longer term and more intensive interventions which aim for more substantive lifestyle changes Objective : To investigate the relationship of body weight and its changes over time with  physical activity ( PA ) . Design : Population -based prospect i ve cohort study ( Norfolk cohort of the European Prospect i ve Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition , EPIC-Norfolk , United Kingdom).Subjects : A total of 25 639 men and women aged 39–79 years at baseline .  PA was self-reported .  Weight and height were measured by st and ard clinical procedures at baseline and self-reported at 18-month and 10-year follow-ups ( calibrated against clinical measures ) . Main outcome measure was  PA  at the 10-year follow-up . Results : Body weight and PA  were inversely associated in cross-sectional analyses . In longitudinal analyses , an increase in weight was associated with higher risk of being inactive 10 years later , after adjusting for baseline activity , 18-month activity , sex , baseline age , prevalent diseases , socioeconomic status , education , smoking , total daily energy intake and alcohol intake . Compared with stable weight , a gain in weight of > 2 kg per year in the short- , medium- and long-term was consistently and significantly associated with greater likelihood of physical inactivity after 10 years , with the most pronounced effect for long-term weight gain , OR=1.89 ( 95 % CI : 1.30–2.70 ) in fully adjusted analysis . Weight gain of 0.5–2 kg per year over long-term was substantially associated with physical inactivity after full adjustment , OR=1.26 ( 95 % CI : 1.11–1.41 ) . Conclusion : Weight gain ( during short- , medium- and long-term ) is a significant determinant of future physical inactivity independent of baseline weight and activity . Compared with maintaining weight , moderate ( 0.5–2 kg per year ) and large weight gain ( > 2 kg per year ) significantly predict future inactivity ; a potentially vicious cycle including further weight gain , obesity and complications associated with a sedentary lifestyle . On the basis of current predictions of obesity trends , we estimate that the prevalence of inactivity in Engl and would exceed 60 % in the year 2020 This laboratory study examined whether making sedentary activities contingent upon being physically active would increase  obese children 's physical activity . Fourteen obese children aged 8–12 y participated in a baseline session in which they had free choice among a variety of sedentary activities and riding a stationary bicycle . Children were then r and omized to either a contingent group in which watching video cassette recorder ( VCR ) movies and playing video games were contingent upon riding the bicycle or a control group in which all physical and sedentary activities remained freely available . Contingent group children increased physical activity and decreased television activities in comparison to the control , even though other sedentary activities remained freely available . Findings suggest that highly valued sedentary activities can reinforce physical activities and that sedentary activities do not completely substitute amongst themselves . The automated system used to make television activities contingent upon physical activity has potential for modifying activity in the treatment of obesity BACKGROUND : Obesity and type 2 diabetes are increasing significantly in the Hispanic population and in the Hispanic population with schizophrenia . In the Diabetes Prevention Project ( DPP ) , cognitive — behavioral ( CB ) interventions were more effective in reducing weight and preventing diabetes . OBJECTIVE : To test a CB group intervention based on the DPP model among Hispanic individuals with schizophrenia on weight , body mass index ( BMI ) , and waist — hip circumference ( WH ) . STUDY DESIGN : Pilot study using a pre — post quasi-experimental design and convenience sample of 8 subjects from a public mental health clinic who met for 8 weekly group meetings . RESULTS : No significant differences in BMI , weight , or WH scores based on t-test results ; the subjects ' weight remained stable , there was a trend toward weight loss , and no one gained weight during the trial . CONCLUSIONS : No further weight gain is a finding that merits further research using a larger sample size and a r and omized controlled design . J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc , 2008 ; 13(6 ) , 353 - 359 Objective . To assess the effectiveness of interventions that focus on reducing  sedentary behavior ( SB ) among school-age youth and to identify elements associated with interventions ' potential for translation into practice setting s. Methods . A comprehensive literature search was conducted using 4 data bases for peer- review ed studies published between 1980 and April 2011 . R and omized trials , which lasted at least 12 weeks , aim ed at decreasing  SB among children aged 6 to 19 years were identified . Results . Twelve studies were included ; 3 focused only on SB , 1 focused on  physical activity ( PA )  , 6 were combined SB and PA interventions , and 2 studies targeted SB , PA , and diet .  The majority of the studies were conducted in a school setting , while others were conducted in such setting s as clinics , community centers , and libraries . Conclusions . Overall , interventions that focused on decreasing SB were associated with reduction in time spent on SB and /or improvements in anthropometric measurements related to childhood obesity . Several of the studies did consider elements related to the intervention 's potential for translation into practice setting Objective This study determined whether adding a self-regulatory intervention ( SRI ) focused on self-monitoring of spontaneous physical activity and sedentary behavior to a st and ard weight loss intervention improved maintenance of lost weight . Design and Methods Older ( 65–79 yrs ) , obese ( BMI = 30–40 kg/m2 ) adults ( n=48 ) were r and omized to a five-month weight loss intervention involving a hypocaloric diet ( DIET ) and aerobic exercise ( EX ) with or without the SRI to promote spontaneous physical activity and decrease sedentary behavior ( SRI+DIET+EX compared to DIET+EX ) . Following the weight loss phase , both groups transitioned to self-selected diet and exercise behavior during a 5-month follow-up . Throughout the 10-months , the SRI+DIET+EX group utilized real-time accelerometer feedback for self-monitoring . Results There was an overall group by time effect of the SRI ( P < 0.01 ) ; DIET+EX lost less weight and regained more weight than SRI+DIET+EX . The average weight regain during follow-up was 1.3 kg less in the SRI+DIET+EX group . Individuals in this group maintained ~10 % lower weight than baseline compared to those in the DIET+EX group whom maintained ~5 % lower weight than baseline . Conclusions Addition of a self-regulatory intervention , design ed to increase spontaneous physical activity and decrease sedentary behavior , to a st and ard weight loss intervention enhances successful maintenance of lost weight OBJECTIVE To evaluate the short- and long-term results of FATaintPHAT , a Web-based computer-tailored intervention aim ing to increase physical activity , decrease sedentary behavior , and promote healthy eating to contribute to the prevention of excessive weight gain  among adolescents . DESIGN Cluster r and omized trial with an intervention group and a no-intervention control group . SETTING Twenty schools in the Netherl and s. PARTICIPANTS A total of 883 students ( aged 12 - 13 years ) . INTERVENTION The FATaintPHAT ( VETisnietVET in Dutch ) Web-based computer-tailored intervention . OUTCOME MEASURES Self-reported behaviors ( diet , physical activity , sedentary behavior ) and pedometer counts were measured at baseline and at 4-month and 2-year follow-up ; body mass index ( BMI ) , waist circumference , and fitness were measured at baseline and at 2-year follow-up . Descriptive and multilevel regression analyses were conducted among the total study population and among students not meeting behavioral recommendations at baseline ( students at risk ) . RESULTS The complete case analyses showed that FATaintPHAT had no effect on BMI and waist circumference . However , the intervention was associated with lower odds ( 0.54 ) of drinking more than 400 mL of sugar-sweetened beverages per day and with lower snack intake ( β = -0.81 snacks/d ) and higher vegetable intake ( β = 19.3 g/d ) but also with a lower step count ( β = -10 856 steps/wk ) at 4-month follow-up . In addition , among students at risk , FATaintPHAT had a positive effect on fruit consumption ( β = 0.39 g/d ) at 4-month follow-up and on step count ( β = 14 228 steps/wk ) at 2-year follow-up but an inverse effect on the odds of sports participation ( odds ratio , 0.45 ) at 4-month follow-up . No effects were found for sedentary behavior . CONCLUSION The FATaintPHAT intervention was associated with positive short-term effects on diet but with no effects or unfavorable effects on physical activity and sedentary behavior This study examined the effectiveness of the addition of a cognitive intervention based on individualized assessment to a behavioral intervention .  Sixty-three subjects who were at least 15 % overweight were r and omly assigned to a behavioral intervention or a behavioral intervention and a cognitive intervention focused on changing specific maladaptive self-statements related to weight loss . It was predicted that the behavioral and cognitive intervention would result in greater weight loss and reduction in body fat than the behavioral alone intervention at posttest and at 3-month follow-up ; results did not support this hypothesis . Support was found for the construct validity of the behavioral intervention with significant differences between time points on behavioral measures observed . On the cognitive measures , both treatment conditions showed changes over time on cognitive measures , but differences between the treatments were not significant . Based on the results of this study , it is suggested that future research examining the effectiveness of cognitive interventions in the area of weight loss include measures other than those that are weight-related , longer follow-ups to assess long-term maintenance , and sufficient amounts of cognitive therapy so that clients have fully integrated the newly learned cognitive dialogues into their everyday lives Purpose : The SenseWear ™ Armb and is an activity monitor developed to improve lifestyle self-monitoring . Currently , few studies assess electronic self-monitoring and weight loss with a lifestyle intervention program . To our knowledge , only one study has used the SenseWear Armb and in combination with a lifestyle intervention to improve weight loss , and no studies have evaluated whether a self-monitoring intervention based solely on the armb and can promote weight loss . Consequently , the aims of the study were to assess weight loss from electronic self-monitoring , to compare these values to the lifestyle intervention and st and ard care groups , and to compare weight loss with lifestyle intervention with and without the armb and . Patients and methods : We recruited 197 sedentary overweight or obese adults ( age , 46.8 ± 10.8 years ; BMI , 33.3 ± 5.2 kg/m2 ) to participate in the 9-month study . Participants were r and omized into one of four weight loss groups : 1 ) the st and ard care group received a self-directed weight loss program , complete with an evidence -based weight loss manual ( st and ard care , n = 50 ) ; 2 ) a 14-week group-based behavioral weight loss program followed by weekly , biweekly , and monthly telephone counseling calls ( GWL , n = 49 ) ; 3 ) the use of the armb and to help improve lifestyle self-monitoring ( SWA alone , n = 49 ) ; or ( 4 ) the group-based behavioral weight loss program and follow-up telephone counseling calls plus the armb and ( GWL + SWA , n = 49 ) . All participants received the evidence -based weight loss manual at baseline . All measures were performed at baseline and months 4 and 9 . The primary outcomes were weight loss and waist circumference reduction . Results : This study is a well- design ed r and omized controlled study powered to detect a 0.5-kg weight loss and 0.6-cm waist circumference reduction in overweight and obese sedentary adults . Conclusion : Innovative technologies are providing lifestyle self-monitoring and weight loss tools . Utilizing these technologies may be an important step in improving the current obesity epidemic
Conclusions Meta- analysis of data from prospect i ve cohort studies showed small , inconsistent and non-significant associations between sedentary behavior and body weight
Background The cumulative effect of too much sedentary behavior may contribute to  weight gain and obesity .
Objective The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta- analysis of prospect i ve cohorts and r and omized controlled studies to determine the association between sedentary  behavior  and body weight and obesity in adults .