Efficacy of cinnamon in patients with type II diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Effects of Cinnamon Consumption on Glycemic Status, Lipid Profile and Body Composition in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Effect of cinnamon supplementation on glucose, lipids levels, glomerular filtration rate, and blood pressure of subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus Cinnamon supplementation does not improve glycemic control in postmenopausal type 2 diabetes patients. Cinnamon extract lowers glucose, insulin and cholesterol in people with elevated serum glucose A Dietary Supplement Containing Cinnamon, Chromium and Carnosine Decreases Fasting Plasma Glucose and Increases Lean Mass in Overweight or Obese Pre-Diabetic Subjects: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial Glycated haemoglobin and blood pressure-lowering effect of cinnamon in multi-ethnic Type 2 diabetic patients in the UK: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Dietary cinnamon supplementation and changes in systolic blood pressure in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Cinnamon improves glucose and lipids of people with type 2 diabetes. Cinnamon extract improves fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin level in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Effects of short-term cinnamon ingestion on in vivo glucose tolerance. Cinnamon may have therapeutic benefits on lipid profile, liver enzymes, insulin resistance, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients. Insulin resistance improvement by cinnamon powder in polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized double‐blind placebo controlled clinical trial Obesity-related cardiovascular risk factors after long- term resistance training and ginger supplementation. Effectiveness of Cinnamon for Lowering Hemoglobin A1C in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Controlled Trial The effect of cinnamon extract on insulin resistance parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot study. Orange juice allied to a reduced-calorie diet results in weight loss and ameliorates obesity-related biomarkers: A randomized controlled trial.
BACKGROUND & AIMS Multiple studies have evaluated the hypoglycemic effect of cinnamon in patients with diabetes mellitus ( DM ) type II , with conflicting results . Differences in Baseline Body Mass Index ( BMI ) of patients may be able to explain the observed differences in the results . This study was design ed to evaluate the effect of cinnamon supplementation on anthropometric , glycemic and lipid outcomes of patients with DM type II based on their baseline BMI . METHODS The study was design ed as a triple-blind placebo-controlled r and omized clinical trial , using a parallel design . One hundred and forty patients referred to Diabetes Clinic of Yazd University of Medical Sciences with diagnosis of DM type II were r and omly assigned in four groups : cinnamon ( BMI ≥ 27 , BMI < 27 ) and Placebo ( BMI ≥ 27 , BMI < 27 ) . Patients received cinnamon bark powder or placebo in 500 mg capsules twice daily for 3 months . Anthropometric , glycemic and lipid outcomes were measured before and after the intervention . RESULT Cinnamon supplementation led to improvement of all anthropometric ( BMI , body fat , and visceral fat ) , glycemic ( FPG , 2hpp , HbA1C , Fasting Insulin , and Insulin Resistance ) , and lipids ( Cholesterol Total , LDL-c and HDL-c ) outcomes ( except for triglycerides level ) . All observed changes ( except for Cholesterol Total and LDL-c ) were significantly more prominent in patients with higher baseline BMI ( BMI ≥ 27 ) . CONCLUSION Based on the study findings , cinnamon may improve anthropometric parameters , glycemic indices and lipid profile of patients with type II diabetes . These benefits are significantly more prominent in patients with higher baseline BMI ( BMI ≥ 27 ) . The trial protocol was registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials data base ( registration ID : I RCT 2017031133015N1 ) Objective : Type 2 diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder worldwide . Traditional herbs and spices can be used to control blood glucose concentrations . The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the daily intake of three grams cinnamon over eight weeks on glycemic status , lipid profiles and body composition in type 2 diabetic patients . Methods : A double blind , r and omized , placebo controlled clinical trial was conducted on 44 patients with type 2 diabetes . Participants were r and omly assigned to take either a three g/day cinnamon supplement ( n=22 ) or a placebo ( n=22 ) for eight weeks . Weight , height , body fat mass and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured at baseline and after intervention . The fasting blood glucose , insulin , HbA1c , total cholesterol , LDL C , HDL C , Apo lipoprotein A I and B were measured at baseline and endpoint . Results : From 44 subjects participated in this study 37 completed the study . There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics , dietary intake and physical activity between groups . In the treatment group , the levels of fasting blood glucose , HbA1c , triglyceride , weight , BMI and body fat mass decreased significantly compared to baseline , but not in placebo group . No significant differences were observed in glycemic status indicators , lipid profile and anthropometric indicators between the groups at the end of intervention . Conclusion : These data suggest that cinnamon may have a moderate effect in improving glycemic status indicators A r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial was performed to investigate the effect of cinnamon supplementation on glucose , triglyceride ( TG ) , and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( HDL-C ) levels , TG/HDL-C ratio , blood pressure ( BP ) , and estimated glomerular filtration rate ( eGFR ) for ninety-nine type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) patients . Forty nine ( 49 ) patients with T2DM were in the cinnamon group whereas 50 were in the placebo group . All participants received either a cinnamon or placebo capsule daily for the 60-day study period . At the end of the study , median glucose , TG , TG/HDL-C ratio , and BP were significantly decreased ( p < 0.005 ) whereas HDL-C and eGFR levels were significantly increased ( p < 0.005 ) in the cinnamon supplementation group . Interestingly , the study also revealed reduction of HbA1c levels after the 60-day study period . In the placebo  group , glucose , TG levels tended to increase and HDL-C levels tended to decrease whereas systolic and diastolic BP , HbA1c , and BUN CT were significantly increased and eGFR was significantly reduced ( p < 0.005 ) . Cinnamon supplementation  reduced plasma glucose , HbA1c , triglyceride , TG/HDL-C ratio , and BP and increased HDL-C levels and eGFR in subjects with T2DM . Cinnamon supplementation may be beneficial for those with T2DM to prevent and control diabetic complications In vitro and in vivo animal studies have reported strong insulin-like or insulin-potentiating effects after cinnamon administration . Recently , a human intervention study showed that cinnamon supplementation ( 1 g/d ) strongly reduced fasting blood glucose concentration ( 30 % ) and improved the blood lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes . The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of cinnamon supplementation on insulin sensitivity and /or glucose tolerance and blood lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes . Therefore , a total of 25 postmenopausal patients with type 2 diabetes ( aged 62.9 + /- 1.5 y , BMI 30.4 + /- 0.9 kg/m2 ) participated in a 6-wk intervention during which they were supplemented with either cinnamon ( Cinnamomum cassia , 1.5 g/d ) or a placebo . Before and after 2 and 6 wk of supplementation , arterialized blood sample s were obtained and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed . Blood lipid profiles and multiple indices of whole-body insulin sensitivity were determined . There were no time x treatment interactions for whole-body insulin sensitivity or oral glucose tolerance . The blood lipid profile of fasting subjects did not change after cinnamon supplementation . We conclude that cinnamon supplementation ( 1.5 g/d ) does not improve whole-body insulin sensitivity or oral glucose tolerance and does not modulate blood lipid profile in postmenopausal patients with type 2 diabetes . More research on the proposed health benefits of cinnamon supplementation is warranted before health cl aims should be made Cinnamon ( 肉桂 ròu guì ) has in vitro insulin potentiating activity , and proanthocyanidins from cinnamon prevent in vitro formation of advanced glycation end products . Some human studies were equivocal , but several have shown beneficial effects of cinnamon supplementation on circulating glucose , lipids , and /or insulin . This placebo-controlled double-blind trial tested the effects of a dried water extract of cinnamon ( Cinnamomum cassia ) on circulating glucose , lipids , insulin , and insulin resistance . Men and women from Beijing and Dalian , China , were invited to participate if they had fasting serum glucose > 6.1 mmol/L or 2-h glucose > 7.8 mmol/L. Participants , ( 173 were enrolled and 137 completed the study ) were r and omly assigned to receive either a spray-dried , water extract of cinnamon ( CinSulin ® ) , 250 mg/capsule , or a placebo , twice a day for two months . Mean ± SEM age of participants was 61.3 ± 0.8 years , BMI was 25.3 ± 0.3 and M/F ratio was 65/72 .  After 2 mo , fasting glucose decreased ( p < 0.001 ) in the cinnamon extract-supplemented group ( 8.85 ± 0.36 to 8.19 ± 0.29 mmol/L ) compared with the placebo group ( 8.57 ± 0.32 to 8.44 ± 0.34 mmol/L , p = 0.45 ) . Glucose 2 h after a 75 g carbohydrate load , fasting insulin , and HOMA-IR also decreased with cinnamon extract compared with  placebo . Total and LDL-cholesterol decreased with cinnamon extract and HDL-cholesterol decreased in both the cinnamon-extract and placebo groups . In conclusion , supplementation with 500 mg of water-extract of cinnamon for two months reduced fasting insulin , glucose , total cholesterol , and LDL cholesterol and enhanced insulin sensitivity of subjects with elevated blood glucose Background Preventing or slowing the progression of prediabetes to diabetes is a major therapeutic issue . Objectives Our aim was to evaluate the effects of 4-month treatment with a dietary supplement containing cinnamon , chromium and carnosine in moderately obese or overweight pre-diabetic subjects , the primary outcome being change in fasting plasma glucose ( FPG ) level . Other parameters of plasma glucose homeostasis , lipid profile , adiposity and inflammatory markers were also assessed . Methods In a r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study , 62 subjects with a FPG level ranging from 5.55 to 7 mmol/L and a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 , unwilling to change their dietary and physical activity habits , were allocated to receive a 4-month treatment with either 1.2 g/day of the dietary supplement or placebo . Patients were followed up until 6 months post-r and omization . Results Four-month treatment with the dietary supplement  decreased FPG compared to placebo ( -0.24±0.50 vs + 0.12±0.59 mmol/L , respectively , p = 0.02 ) , without detectable significant changes in HbA1c . Insulin sensitivity markers , plasma insulin , plasma lipids and inflammatory markers did not differ between the treatment groups . Although there were no significant differences in changes in body weight and energy or macronutrient intakes between the two groups , fat-free mass ( % ) increased with the dietary supplement compared to placebo ( p = 0.02 ) . Subjects with a higher FPG level and a milder inflammatory state at baseline benefited most from the dietary supplement . Conclusions Four-month treatment with a dietary supplement containing cinnamon , chromium and carnosine decreased FPG and increased fat-free mass in overweight or obese pre-diabetic subjects . These beneficial effects might open up new avenues in the prevention of diabetes . Trial Registration Clinical Trials.gov AIMS To determine the blood glucose lowering effect of cinnamon on HbA1c , blood pressure and lipid profiles in people with type 2 diabetes . METHODS 58 type 2 diabetic patients ( 25 males and 33 females ) , aged 54.9 ± 9.8 , treated only with hypoglycemic agents and with an HbA1c more than 7 % were r and omly assigned to receive either 2 g of cinnamon or placebo daily for 12 weeks . RESULTS After intervention , the mean HbA1c was significantly decreased ( P<0.005 ) in the cinnamon group ( 8.22 % to 7.86 % ) compared with placebo group ( 8.55 % to 8.68 % ) . Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures ( SBP and DBP ) were also significantly reduced ( P<0.001 ) after 12 weeks in the cinnamon group ( SBP : 132.6 to 129.2 mmHg and DBP : 85.2 to 80.2 mmHg ) compared with the placebo group ( SBP : 134.5 to 134.9 mmHg and DBP : 86.8 to 86.1 mmHg ) . A significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose ( FPG ) , waist circumference and body mass index ( BMI ) was observed at week 12 compared to baseline in the cinnamon group , however , the changes were not significant when compared to placebo group . There were no significant differences in serum lipid profiles of total cholesterol , triglycerides , HDL and LDL cholesterols neither between nor within the groups . CONCLUSIONS Intake of 2 g of cinnamon for 12 weeks significantly reduces the HbA1c , SBP and DBP among poorly controlled type 2 diabetes patients  . Cinnamon supplementation could be considered as an additional dietary supplement option to regulate blood glucose and blood pressure levels along with conventional medications to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus Experimental and some clinical evidence suggests that ingestion of cinnamon may improve metabolic measures in individuals with diabetes ; however , few human studies have been design ed to examine this association as their primary objective . In this study adult subjects 30 years of age or older with type 2 diabetes were r and omized to treatment with 1,200 mg/day cinnamon or matched placebo . Blood pressure , hemoglobin A1c , fasting blood glucose , lipid profile , physical examination , and blood and urine chemistry were measured at baseline and at the 12-week follow-up end-of-treatment visit . In total , 59 subjects ( 40.7 % female ; mean age , 63.05±10.85 years ) were recruited . Systolic blood pressure ( SBP ) declined from baseline values by 3.4±11.4 mm Hg in the cinnamon group and increased by 1.9±10.2 mm Hg in the placebo group ( P=.06 ) . In repeated- measures analysis , a significant by-treatment difference over time was detected ( P=.02 ) . However , when baseline SBP was included in the model as a covariate , change from baseline SBP was no longer associated with treatment . Although cinnamon added to the diets of spontaneously hypertensive rats has been shown to decrease SBP in a dose-dependent manner , results of the present study in humans suggest that the by-treatment difference in change-from-baseline SBP was a function of regression to the mean rather than a treatment-associated change OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine whether cinnamon improves blood glucose , triglyceride , total cholesterol , HDL cholesterol , and LDL cholesterol levels in people with type 2 diabetes . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 60 people with type 2 diabetes , 30 men and 30 women aged 52.2 + /- 6.32 years , were divided r and omly into six groups . Groups 1 , 2 , and 3 consumed 1 , 3 , or 6 g of cinnamon daily , respectively , and groups 4 , 5 , and 6 were given placebo capsules corresponding to the number of capsules consumed for the three levels of cinnamon . The cinnamon was consumed for 40 days followed by a 20-day washout period . RESULTS After 40 days , all three levels of cinnamon reduced the mean fasting serum glucose ( 18 - 29 % ) , triglyceride ( 23 - 30 % ) , LDL cholesterol ( 7 - 27 % ) , and total cholesterol ( 12 - 26 % ) levels ; no significant changes were noted in the placebo groups . Changes in HDL cholesterol were not significant . CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrate that intake of 1 , 3 , or 6 g of cinnamon per day reduces serum glucose , triglyceride , LDL cholesterol , and total cholesterol in people with type 2 diabetes and suggest that the inclusion of cinnamon in the diet of people with type 2 diabetes will reduce risk factors associated with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases For thous and s of years , cinnamon has been used as a traditional treatment in China . However , there are no studies to date that investigate whether cinnamon supplements are able to aid in the treatment of type 2 diabetes in Chinese subjects . We hypothesized cinnamon should be effective in improving blood glucose control in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes . To address this hypothesis , we performed a r and omized , double-blinded clinical study to analyze the effect of cinnamon extract on glycosylated hemoglobin A(1c ) and fasting blood glucose levels in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes . A total of 66 patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited and r and omly divided into 3 groups : placebo and low-dose and high-dose supplementation with cinnamon extract at 120 and 360 mg/d , respectively . Patients in all 3 groups took gliclazide during the entire 3 months of the study . Both hemoglobin A(1c ) and fasting blood glucose levels were significantly reduced in patients in the low- and high-dose groups , whereas they were not changed in the placebo group . The blood triglyceride levels were also significantly reduced in the low-dose group . The blood levels of total cholesterol , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and liver transaminase remained unchanged in the 3 groups . In conclusion , our study indicates that cinnamon supplementation is able to significantly improve blood glucose control in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes AIMS Various spices display insulin-potentiating activity in vitro , and in particular , cinnamon spice and its phenolic extracts have been shown to exhibit these capabilities . In vivo study shows that cinnamon may have beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis ; therefore the aim of this study was to further investigate this phenomenon in humans . METHODS Seven lean healthy male volunteers , aged 26 + /- 1 years , body mass index 24.5 + /- 0.3 kg/m(2 ) ( mean + /- s.e.m . ) , underwent three oral glucose tolerance tests ( OGTT ) supplemented with either a 5 g placebo ( OGTT(control ) ) , 5 g of cinnamon ( OGTT(cin ) ) , or 5 g of cinnamon taken 12 h before ( OGTT(cin12hpre ) ) in a r and omized-crossover design . RESULTS Cinnamon ingestion reduced total plasma glucose responses ( AUC ) to oral glucose ingestion [ -13 % and -10 % for OGTT(cin ) ( p < 0.05 ) and OGTT(cin12hpre ) ( p < 0.05 ) , respectively ] , as well as improving insulin sensitivity as assessed by insulin sensitivity index measures based on Matsuda 's model in both OGTT(cin ) ( p < 0.05 ) and OGTT(cin12hpre ) ( p < 0.05 ) trials compared with OGTT(control ) . CONCLUSIONS These data illustrate that cinnamon spice supplementation may be important to in vivo glycaemic control and insulin sensitivity in humans , and not only are its effects immediate , they also appear to be sustained for 12 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) is the most prevalent cause of hepatic injury in the world . One of the most important therapeutic strategies for this disease is modulating insulin resistance and oxidative stress . In this study , we investigated the hypothesis that supplementation with cinnamon exerts an insulin sensitizer effect in patients with NAFLD . In a double-blind , placebo-controlled trial with two parallel groups , fifty patients with NAFLD were r and omized to receive daily supplementation with either two capsules of cinnamon ( each capsule contain 750 mg cinnamon ) or 2 placebo capsules , daily for 12 weeks . During the intervention , all patients were given advice on how to implement a balanced diet and physical activity into their daily lives . In the treatment group ( P < .05 ) , significant decreases in HOMA ( Homeostatic Model Assessment ) index , FBS ( fasting blood glucose ) , total cholesterol , triglyceride , ALT ( alanine aminotransferase ) , AST ( aspartate aminotransferase ) , GGT ( gamma glutamine transpeptidase ) , and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were seen , but there was no significant change in serum high-density lipoproteins levels ( P = .122 ) . In both groups , low-density lipoproteins decreased significantly ( P < .05 ) . In conclusion , the study suggests that taking 1500 mg cinnamon daily may be effective in improving NAFLD characteristics Our aim is to assess the effect of cinnamon powder capsules on insulin resistance , anthropometric measurements , glucose and lipid profiles , and and rogens of women with polycystic ovarian syndrome ( PCOS ) . Out of 80 women that were diagnosed as PCOS by Rotterdam Criteria , 66 were enrolled in this r and omized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial . All of the PCOS women were taking medroxy progesterone acetate 10 mg/day for the last 10 days of their menstrual cycles . The cases were r and omly allocated to 2 groups . The women in the first group were treated by cinnamon powder capsules 1.5 g/day in 3 divided doses for 12 weeks and the second group by similar placebo capsules .  Anthropometric measurements , fasting blood sugar , fasting insulin , blood glucose 2 hr after taking 75 g oral glucose , HbA1c , testosterone , dehydroepi and rosterone sulphate , homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance , triglyceride , and cholesterol ( low-density lipoprotein , high-density lipoprotein , and total ) before and after the intervention were evaluated and compared as outcome measures . Fasting insulin ( p = .024 ) and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance ( p = .014 ) were reduced after 12 weeks in the cinnamon group compared with the placebo . There was also a significant decrease in low-density lipoprotein in cinnamon group ( p = .004 ) as compared with baseline that caused significant difference with placebo ( p = .049 ) . However , changes in other outcome measurements did not lead to statistically significant difference with placebo . The present results suggest that complementary supplementation of cinnamon significantly reduced fasting insulin and insulin resistance in women with PCOS Obesity and its metabolic consequences are major risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality . However , lifestyle interventions , including exercise training and dietary components may decrease cardiovascular risk . Hence , this study was conducted to assess the effects of ginger supplementation and progressive resistance training on some cardiovascular risk factors in obese men . In a r and omized double-blind design , 32 obese Iranian men ( BMI ≥ 30 ) were assigned in to one of four groups : Placebo ( PL , n = 8) ; ginger group ( GI , n = 8) that consumed 1 gr ginger/d for 10 wk ; resistance training plus placebo ( RTPL , n = 8) ; and 1gr ginger plus resistance exercise ( RTGI , n = 8) . Progressive resistance training was performed three days per week for 10 weeks and included eight exercises . At baseline and after 10 weeks , body composition and anthropometric indices were measured . To identify other risk factors , venous blood sample s were obtained before and 48 - 72 hours after the last training session for measurement of blood lipids ( LDL-C , HDL-C , TG ) , systemic inflammation ( CRP ) , and insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR ) . After 10 weeks both RTGI and RTPL groups showed significant decreases in waist circumference ( WC ) , waist-to-hip ratio ( WHR ) , body fat percent , body fat mass , total cholesterol , and insulin resistance ( p < 0.05 ) and a significant increase in fat free mass ( FFM ) ( p < 0.05 ) , while it remained unchanged in PL and GI . Further , significant decreases in the mean values of CRP were observed in all groups except PL ( p < 0.05 ) . Our results reveal that resistance training is an effective therapeutic strategy to reduce cardiovascular risk in obese Iranian men .  Further , ginger supplementation alone or in combination with resistance training , also reduces chronic inflammation . However more research on the efficacy of this supplement to reduce cardiovascular risk in humans is required . Key pointsLong- term resistance training reduced cardiovascular risk factors in obese men . Ginger supplementation can also decrease chronic low grade inflammation in obese men . More research es are warranted to elicit the effects of these interventions on cardiovascular risk factors in humans Purpose : Multiple trials in the past have shown conflicting results of whether cinnamon lowers glucose or hemoglobin A1C ( HbA1C ) . The purpose of this study was to determine whether cinnamon lowers HbA1C in patients with type 2 diabetes . I performed a r and omized , controlled trial to evaluate whether daily cinnamon plus usual care versus usual care alone lowers HbA1c . Methods : I r and omized 109 type 2 diabetics ( HbA1C > 7.0 ) from 3 primary care clinics caring for pediatric , adult , and geriatric patients at a United States military base . Participants were r and omly allocated to either usual care with management changes by their primary care physician or usual care with management changes plus cinnamon capsules , 1 g daily for 90 days . HbA1c was drawn at baseline and 90 days and compared with intention-to-treat analysis . This study was approved by an institutional review board . Results : Cinnamon  lowered HbA1C 0.83 % ( 95 % CI , 0.46–1.20 ) compared with usual care alone lowering HbA1C 0.37 % ( 95 % CI , 0.15–0.59 ) . Conclusions : Taking cinnamon could be useful for lowering serum HbA1C in type 2 diabetics with HbA1C > 7.0 in addition to usual care Cinnamon extract has been shown to reduce insulin resistance in in vitro and in vivo studies by increasing phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity in the insulin signaling pathway and thus potentiating insulin action . Fifteen women with polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS ) were r and omized to daily oral cinnamon and placebo for 8 weeks . Comparisons of post-treatment to baseline insulin sensitivity indices using fasting and 2-hour oral glucose tolerance tests showed significant reductions in insulin resistance in the cinnamon group but not in the placebo group . A larger trial is needed to confirm the findings of this pilot study and to evaluate the effect of cinnamon extract on menstrual cyclicity OBJECTIVE Assumptions have linked orange juice ( OJ ) consumption with weight gain and adverse effects on health due to its sugar content ; however , epidemiologic studies have not shown increased risk for overweight or obesity with the consumption of 100 % OJ . The aim of this study was to verify whether the combination of a reduced-calorie diet ( RCD ) and 100 % OJ contribute to weight loss , promote changes in glucose and lipid metabolism , and improve diet quality in obese individuals . METHODS A r and omized controlled trial with 78 obese patients ( age 36 ± 1 y , body mass index [ BMI ] 33 ± 3 kg/m2 ) were enrolled in two groups : Individuals in the OJ group su bmi tted to an RCD that included OJ ( 500 mL/d ) , and individuals in the control group su bmi tted to an RCD without OJ . Body composition , biochemical biomarkers , and dietary intake were analyzed over a 12-wk period . RESULTS Both treatments had similar outcomes regarding body weight ( -6.5 kg ; P = 0.363 ) , BMI ( -2.5 kg/m2 ; P = 0.34 ) , lean mass ( -1 kg ; P = 0.29 ) , fat mass ( -5 kg ; P = 0.58 ) , body fat ( -3 % ; P = 0.15 ) , and waist-to-hip ratio ( -0.1 ; P = 0.79 ) . Insulin levels in the OJ group decreased by 18 % ( P = 0.05 ) , homeostasis model assessment -insulin resistance by 33 % ( P = 0.04 ) , total cholesterol by 24 % ( P = 0.004 ) , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by 24 % ( P ≤ 0.001 ) , and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels by 33 % ( P = 0.001 ) compared with the control group . Consumption of energy and nutrients was similar between the two groups , but vitamin C and folate increased by 62 % ( P ≤ 0.015 ) and 39 % ( P = 0.033 ) , respectively , after OJ intervention . CONCLUSION When consumed concomitantly with an RCD , OJ does not inhibit weight loss ; ameliorate the insulin sensitivity , lipid profile , or inflammatory status , or contribute nutritionally to the quality of the diet
The cinnamon administrations significantly reduced FM at the dosages of ≥2 g/d , when administered for ≥12 weeks .
Cinnamon administration result ed in BW and WC reduction in non-linear fashion ( P = 0.04 ) .
Cinnamon supplementation significantly affects obesity measures .
BACKGROUND & AIMS Data about the effects of cinnamon supplementation on obesity measures are conflicting .
This systematic review and meta- analysis of r and omized controlled trials ( RCTs ) was conducted to summarize the effects of cinnamon intake on body weight ( BW ) , Body Mass Index ( BMI ) , Waist Circumference ( WC ) , and fat mass ( FM ) in adults .