Effect of sesame seed on lipid profile and redox status in hyperlipidemic patients Antihypertensive and antioxidant effects of dietary black sesame meal in pre-hypertensive humans Effect of Sesame Oil on Diuretics or ß-blockers in the Modulation of Blood Pressure, Anthropometry, Lipid Profile, and Redox Status A pilot study of open label sesame oil in hypertensive diabetics. Ardeh (Sesamum indicum) could improve serum triglycerides and atherogenic lipid parameters in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized clinical trial. Sesame supplementation does not improve cardiovascular disease risk markers in overweight men and women. Sesame ingestion affects sex hormones, antioxidant status, and blood lipids in postmenopausal women. Olive and Sesame Oil Effect on Lipid Profile in Hypercholesterolemic Patients, Which Better? Sesame oil consumption exerts a beneficial effect on endothelial function in hypertensive men A significant decrease in blood pressure through a family-based nutrition health education programme among community residents in Taiwan. Evaluation of flaxseed formulation as a potential therapeutic agent in mitigation of dyslipidemia Dietary supplementation with flaxseed oil lowers blood pressure in dyslipidaemic patients The effect of dietary patterns on blood pressure control in hypertensive patients: results from the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) trial. Effects of dietary oleic, linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids on blood pressure, serum lipids, lipoproteins and the formation of eicosanoid precursors in patients with mild essential hypertension. Dose Response of Almonds on Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors: Blood Lipids, Oxidized Low-Density Lipoproteins, Lipoprotein(a), Homocysteine, and Pulmonary Nitric Oxide: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Trial A food-based dietary strategy lowers blood pressure in a low socio-economic setting: a randomised study in South Africa. Comprehensive nutrition plan improves cardiovascular risk factors in essential hypertension.
Pre- clinical studies suggest that sesame and its lignans induce beneficial changes in risk factors related to cardiovascular disease . This study was design ed to investigate the effects of sesame on reducing serum lipids and enhancing antioxidant capacity in 38 hyperlipidemic patients who were divided into two groups r and omly . For all individuals along the 60 days of study period , the same drug treatments were considered . Intervention group patients were supposed to eat 40 g white sesame seeds daily , and instead of these calories , 240 kcal was removed from their diet . Anthropometric measurements including height , weight and body mass index ( BMI ) were measured . We assessed lipid profile and oxidative stress indicators such as glutathione peroxidase ( GPX ) , superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances ( TBARS ) before and after the intervention . Significant differences among and between the groups were determined by independent t-test and paired sample t-test using 13th version of statistical package for the social sciences . The results showed that the diet with sesame significantly decreased the levels of serum total cholesterol ( TC ) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) and TC/HDL-C ratio . Lipid peroxidation ( TBARS ) decreased while the activities of GPX and SOD were increased . There were no significant changes in anthropometric indexes such as weight and BMI after consumption of sesame . The results suggested that sesame seed supplementation decreased serum TC , LDL-C and lipid peroxidation , and increased antioxidant status in hyperlipidemic patients Background It has been known that hypertension is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) . CVD is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in developed and developing countries . Elevation of blood pressure ( BP ) increases the adverse effect for cardiovascular outcomes . Prevention of increased BP plays a crucial role in a reduction of those outcomes , leading to a decrease in mortality . Therefore , the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary black sesame meal on BP and oxidative stress in individuals with prehypertension . Methods Twenty-two women and eight men ( aged 49.8 ± 6.6 years ) with prehypertension were r and omly divided into two groups , 15 subjects per group . They ingested 2.52 g black sesame meal capsules or placebo capsules each day for 4 weeks . Blood sample s were obtained after overnight fasting for measurement of plasma lipid , malondialdehyde ( MDA ) and vitamin E levels . Anthropometry , body composition and BP were measured before and after 4-week administration of black sesame meal or a placebo . Results The results showed that 4-week administration of black sesame meal significantly decreased systolic BP ( 129.3 ± 6.8 vs. 121.0 ± 9.0 mmHg , P < 0.05 ) and MDA level ( 1.8 ± 0.6 vs. 1.2 ± 0.6 μmol/L , P < 0.05 ) , and increased vitamin E level ( 29.4 ± 6.0 vs. 38.2 ± 7.8 μmol/L , P < 0.01 ) . In the black sesame meal group , the change in SBP tended to be positively related to the change in MDA ( R = 0.50 , P = 0.05 ) , while the change in DBP was negatively related to the change in vitamin E ( R = -0.55 , P < 0.05 ) . There were no correlations between changes in BP and oxidative stress in the control group . Conclusions These results suggest the possible antihypertensive effects of black sesame meal on improving antioxidant status and decreasing oxidant stress . These data may imply a beneficial effect of black sesame meal on prevention of CVD The study was undertaken to investigate the effect of sesame oil in hypertensive patients who were on antihypertensive therapy either with diuretics ( hydrochlorothiazide ) or ß-blockers ( atenolol ) . Thirty-two male and 18 female patients aged 35 to 60 years old were supplied sesame oil ( Idhayam gingelly oil ) and instructed to use it as the only edible oil for 45 days . Blood pressure , anthropometry , lipid profile , lipid peroxidation , and enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants were measured at baseline and after 45 days of sesame oil substitution . Substitution of sesame oil brought down systolic and diastolic blood pressure to normal . The same patients were asked to withdraw sesame oil consumption for another 45 days , and the measurements were repeated at the end of withdrawal period . Withdrawal of sesame oil substitution brought back the initial blood pressure values . A significant reduction was noted in body weight and body mass index ( BMI ) upon sesame oil substitution . No significant alterations were observed in lipid profile except triglycerides . Plasma levels of sodium reduced while potassium elevated upon the substitution of sesame oil .  Lipid peroxidation ( thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [ TBARS ] ) decreased while the activities of superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) , catalase ( CAT ) , and the levels of vitamin C , vitamin E , ß-carotene , and reduced glutathione ( GSH ) were increased . The results suggested that sesame oil as edible oil lowered blood pressure , decreased lipid peroxidation , and increased antioxidant status in hypertensive patients The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of sesame oil in hypertensive diabetics medicated with atenolol ( beta-blocker ) and glibenclamide ( sulfonylurea ) .  This open label trial with two intervention periods comprised 22 male and 18 female patients , 45 - 65 years old , with mild to moderate hypertension and diabetes .  Sesame oil ( Idhayam Gingelly oil , V.V.V. & Sons , Virudhunagar , Tamilnadu , India ) was supplied to the patients , who were instructed to use it in place of other cooking oils for 45 days . Blood pressure ( BP ) , anthropometric measurements , plasma glucose , glycated hemoglobin ( HbA1c ) , lipid profiles [ total cholesterol , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) , and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol , and triglycerides ( TG ) ] , lipid peroxidation [ thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances ( TBARS ) ] , electrolytes ( sodium , potassium , and chloride ) , and enzymic ( superoxide dismutase , glutathione peroxidase , and catalase ) and nonenzymic ( vitamin C , vitamin E , beta-carotene , and reduced glutathione ) antioxidants were measured at baseline and after 45 days of sesame oil substitution . The same patients were then switched over to other oils like palm or groundnut oils as their regular oils at r and om for another 45 days , and the investigations were carried out again at the end . Systolic and diastolic BP decreased remarkably . When oil substitution was withdrawn , BP values rose again . Body weight , body mass index , girth of waist , girth of hip , and waist : hip ratio were reduced upon substitution of sesame oil .  Plasma glucose , HbA1c , TC , LDL-C , and TG were decreased . TBARS level was reduced , while the activities of enzymic and the levels of nonenzymic antioxidants were increased . Plasma sodium levels were reduced , while potassium levels were elevated . These results indicate that substitution of sesame oil as the sole edible oil has an additive effect in further lowering BP and plasma glucose in hypertensive diabetics BACKGROUND Data suggest that sesame seeds have properties beneficial to modulating lipid disorders and decreasing cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) risk factors . The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Ardeh , paste of ground unhulled sesame seeds , on lipid profiles and atherogenic lipid parameters . METHODS This r and omized clinical trial included 41 patients with type 2 diabetes , who were r and omly assigned to one of the two groups : group A ( Ardeh 28 g/d , n = 21 ) and group B ( control , n = 20 ) . After an initial two-week washout period , the patients in group A , replaced a part of their usual breakfast with two tablespoon ( tbsp ) ( ~ 28 g ) Ardeh , while group B patients continued the usual breakfast meal for six weeks ; energy content of both breakfast meals was maintained in the same range . Anthropometric measures , blood pressure , serum levels of total cholesterol ( TC ) , triglycerides ( TG ) , LDL-C , HDL-C , and atherogenic index of plasma ( AIP ; log TG/HDL-C ) , TC/HDL-C ratio , and LDL/HDL-C ratio were determined at baseline and six weeks later . RESULTS After six weeks , there were significant decreases in serum TG ( 15.3 mg/dL ) and AIP ( 39 % ) in group A. Moreover , slight decreases in serum TC , LDL-C , and other atherogenic lipid parameters and a mild increase in HDL-C also were observed during Ardeh supplementation . Anthropometric measures and blood pressure were unchanged during the study period in both groups . CONCLUSION Ardeh could have favorable effects in decreasing CVD risk factors in type 2 diabetics BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pre- clinical studies suggest that sesame and its lignans induce beneficial changes in risk factors related to cardiovascular disease and increase the bioavailability of mammalian lignans . However , only very few intervention trials have investigated the potential bioactivities of sesame in humans . We aim ed to investigate the effects of sesame supplementation in humans on blood lipids , blood pressure , systemic oxidative stress , inflammatory biomarkers and mammalian lignan metabolism . METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted a r and omized , placebo-controlled cross-over intervention trial at a university research centre . Overweight or obese men and women ( n=33 ) consumed 25g/d of sesame ( approximately 50mg/d of sesame lignan ) and an iso-caloric placebo matched for macronutrient composition for 5 wks each . Each intervention period was preceded by a 4-wk washout period . Blood lipid profiles , day time ambulatory blood pressure , oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers and urinary mammalian lignans were measured before and after each intervention . Results are presented as the effect of sesame supplementation relative to placebo .  Urinary excretion of the mammalian lignans , enterolactone and enterodiol , increased by approximately 8-fold ( P<0.001 ) . Blood lipids and blood pressure were not altered . In addition , markers of systemic inflammation ( C-reactive protein , interleukin-6 , tumor necrosis factor-alpha ) and lipid peroxidation ( F(2)-isoprostanes ) were not affected . CONCLUSION Supplementation with 25g/d of sesame can significantly increase the exposure to mammalian lignans . However , this did not cause any improvement in markers of cardiovascular disease risk in overweight or obese men and women Sesame ingestion has been shown to improve blood lipids in humans and antioxidative ability in animals . Sesamin , a sesame lignan , was recently reported to be converted by intestinal microflora to enterolactone , a compound with estrogenic activity and also an enterometabolite of flaxseed lignans , which are known to be phytoestrogens . Whether sesame can be a source of phytoestrogens is unknown . This study was design ed to investigate the effect of sesame ingestion on blood sex hormones , lipids , tocopherol , and ex vivo LDL oxidation in postmenopausal women . Twenty-six healthy subjects attended , and 24 completed , this r and omized , placebo-controlled , crossover study . Half of them consumed 50 g sesame seed powder daily for 5 wk , followed by a 3-wk washout period , then a 5-wk 50-g rice powder placebo period . The other half received the 2 supplements in reverse order . After sesame treatment , plasma total cholesterol ( TC ) , LDL-C , the ratio of LDL-C to HDL-C , thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in oxidized LDL , and serum dehydroepi and rosterone sulfate decreased significantly by 5 , 10 , 6 , 23 , and 18 % , respectively . The ratio of alpha- and gamma-tocopherol to TC increased significantly by 18 and 73 % , respectively . All of these variables differed significantly between the 2 treatments . Serum sex hormone-binding globulin and urinary 2-hydroxyestrone ( n = 8) increased significantly by 15 and 72 % , respectively , after sesame treatment , and these concentrations tended to differ ( P = 0.065 and P = 0.090 , respectively ) from those after the placebo treatment . These results suggest that sesame ingestion benefits postmenopausal women by improving blood lipids , antioxidant status , and possibly sex hormone status Background : The study on natural substances especially , dietary components such as liquid oils affecting cholesterol can be important for therapeutic propose . Sesame seeds with various biomedical actions can be control the hypercholesterolemia . On the other h and , olive oil has a wide range of therapeutic effect on lipid profile in human . The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare lipid profile changes after olive and sesame oils consumption in hypercholesterolemia . Methods : This study was a clinical r and omized trial that was performed via parallel design on 48 patients . The patients were r and omly allocated in to two groups : A : olive oil and B : sesame oil . After 1 month prescription of Step I National Cholesterol Education Program diet , patients consumed 4 table spoons aprox . 60 g ) of refined olive or sesame oil daily as an exchange of other oils , for 1 month . Lipid profiles The P < 0.05 was considered as significant difference . Results : Out of 48 patients , 24 ( 50 % ) were men . The mean age was 41.7 ± 8.3 years . The mean of total cholesterol , triglyceride ( TG ) , low density lipoprotein ( LDL ) , cholesterol , and high density lipoprotein ( HDL ) cholesterol , before oil consumption was 224.5 ± 22 , 256 ± 132 , 132.6 ± 9 , and 44.5 ± 11 mg/dl . After olive oil  consumption cholesterol , TG , LDL-C , weight , waist and BMI were decreased and HDL-C was increased . After sesame oil  consumption cholesterol , TG , LDL-C were significantly decreased . Weight , waist were decreased and HDL-C was increased ( P > 0.05 ) . Conclusions : Sesame oil had equivalent effect on lipid profile in comparison olive oil and lipid profile improvement was better in sesame oil in LDL-C and TG Background : The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of sesame oil on endothelial function and to detect the underlying mechanisms , both in the postpr and ial state and after long-term consumption . Design : We enrolled 30 hypertensive men in a two-phase study . In the first phase , 26 volunteers consumed 35 g of either sesame oil or control oil .  Endothelial function , inflammatory activation and nitric oxide syntase ( NOS ) inhibition was assessed after a 12-hour fast and 2 hours after consumption of an oil-containing st and ardized meal . In the second phase , 30 volunteers consumed 35 g of sesame oil or control oil daily for 2 months and the above-mentioned parameters were assessed at baseline , 15 , 30 and 60 days . Methods : Endothelial function was estimated by endothelium-dependent FMD ( flow-mediated dilatation ) of the brachial artery . Results : Flow-mediated dilatation ( FMD ) improved significantly both after acute ( p = 0.001 ) and long-term sesame oil consumption ( p = 0.015 , p = 0.005 and p = 0.011 for 15 , 30 and 60 days respectively ) . Intracellular adhesion molecule ( ICAM ) levels decreased significantly after only 60 days of daily sesame oil intake ( p = 0.014 ) . By contrast , no changes were observed in the control group in either phase of the study . Conclusions : This is the first study to show that sesame oil consumption exerts a beneficial effect on endothelial function and this effect is sustained with long-term daily use OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect on decrease in blood pressure of modifying risk factors for stroke , such as blood lipid profiles , diet habits and indices of body weight , through a family-based nutrition health education programme among hypertensive patients and pre-hypertensive subjects without taking any antihypertensive drugs . DESIGN AND SETTING This was a community-based prospect i ve study . The study population was r and omly selected from communities in Taipei ; potential subjects were invited by telephone to participate . SUBJECTS After excluding subjects whose blood pressure was normal and those using antihypertensive drugs , there were 390 participants included in the study . Subjects in the intervention group ( n 293 ) received nutrition health education on blood pressure control and stroke-related risk factor modification at each visit . Non-intervention subjects ( n 97 ) only acquired a general education sheet available in clinics . The blood pressure of study subjects was measured at baseline and 6-month follow-up to evaluate the intervention 's effect on decrease in blood pressure . RESULTS Significant decreases of 2.0 mmHg and 5.9 mmHg in systolic blood pressure were observed both in pre-hypertensive and hypertensive subjects in the intervention group . Additionally , intervention subjects with improvement of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol , decrease in indices of body weight and increase in consumption of fruit and vegetables also had significant lowering of blood pressure . CONCLUSIONS The present study provided evidence that the blood pressure of pre-hypertensive and hypertensive subjects could decrease significantly , without taking antihypertensive drugs , after modifying blood lipid profiles and waist by dietary habits changed through a family-based nutrition heath education programme , result ing in a significant effect on stroke risk reduction Background : Cardiovascular diseases ( CVDs ) are an increasing health problem all over the world . The search for natural hypolipidemic agents that can be used besides the synthetic drugs is still in its experimental stage . Plant seeds , particularly flaxseed ( Linum usitatissimum ) , which is a rich source of n-3 fatty acids , lignans and phenolic compounds , have also received increasing attention for their potential role in preventing lipid disorders . The present study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic potential of flaxseeds in dyslipidemia . Methods : The study included 50 dyslipidemic subjects selected by purposive r and om sampling and were divided into two groups , a control and an experimental group . Both the groups were prescribed similar dietary guidelines . Subjects in the experimental group received 30 g of roasted flaxseed powder for 3 months . Anthropometric parameters , blood pressure , and blood lipid profile were estimated before the study and after completion of the study . Results : Flaxseed supplementation result ed in a remarkable improvement in anthropometric measurements , blood pressure , and lipid profile in the experimental group . Body weight and body mass index ( BMI ) of the experimental group were significantly reduced ( p < 0.01 ) . A lowering of systolic and diastolic blood pressure ( p < 0.05 ) was also recorded in the dyslipidemic subjects . Concomitantly , a highly significant reduction ( p < 0.01 ) in total cholesterol , triglycerides , low density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( LDL-C ) , and very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( VLDL-C ) levels , with simultaneous elevation ( p < 0.01 ) in high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( HDL-C ) levels was observed . Improvement in lipid levels result ed in reduction of atherogenic indices . Conclusions : The supplementation of roasted flaxseed powder for 3 months improved the BMI , blood pressure , and lipid profile of dyslipidemic subjects , thus exhibiting cardio protective effect Objective : Alpha-linolenic acid ( ALA ) is the natural precursor of the cardioprotective long-chain n−3 fatty acids . Available data indicate a possible beneficial effect of ALA on cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) , but the response of various CVD risk factors to increased ALA intake is not well characterized . The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of increased ALA intake on blood pressure in man . Design , setting , subjects and interventions : We used a prospect i ve , two-group , parallel-arm design to examine the effect of a 12-week dietary supplementation with flaxseed oil , rich in ALA ( 8 g/day ) , on blood pressure in middle-aged dyslipidaemic men ( n=59 ) . The diet of the control group was supplemented with safflower oil , containing the equivalent n−6 fatty acid ( 11 g/day linoleic acid ( LA ) ; n=28 ) . Arterial blood pressure was measured at the beginning and at the end of the dietary intervention period . Results : Supplementation with ALA result ed in significantly lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels compared with LA ( P=0.016 and P=0.011 , respectively , from analysis of variance ( ANOVA ) for repeated measures ) . Conclusions : We observed a hypotensive effect of ALA , which may constitute another mechanism accounting in part for the apparent cardioprotective effect of this n−3 fatty acid . Sponsorship : Greek Ministry of Development , General Secretariat for Research and Technology To determine the impact of dietary patterns on the control of hypertension we studied the subgroup of 133 participants with systolic blood pressure ( BP ) of 140 to 159 mm Hg and /or diastolic BP of 90 to 95 mm Hg enrolled in the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension ( DASH ) study . Participants were fed a control diet for a 3-week period and were then r and omized to receive for 8 weeks either the control diet ; a diet rich in fruits and vegetables , but otherwise similar to control ; or a combination diet rich in fruits , vegetables , and low-fat dairy products , including whole grains , fish , poultry , and nuts , and reduced in fats , red meats , sweets , and sugar-containing beverages .  Sodium intake and body weight were held constant throughout the study . The combination diet significantly reduced systolic BP ( -11.4 mm Hg , P < .001 ) and diastolic BP ( -5.5 mm Hg , P < .001 ) . The fruits- and -vegetables diet also significantly reduced systolic BP ( -7.2 mm Hg , P < .001 ) and diastolic BP ( -2.8 mm Hg , P = .013 ) . The combination diet produced significantly greater BP effects ( P < .05 ) than the fruits- and -vegetables diet .  Blood pressure changes were evident within 2 weeks of starting the intervention feeding . After the 8-week intervention period , 70 % of participants eating the combination diet had a normal BP ( systolic BP < 140 and diastolic BP < 90 mm Hg ) compared with 45 % on the fruits- and -vegetables diet and 23 % on the control diet . In patients with hypertension , the DASH combination diet effectively lowers BP and may be useful in achieving control of Stage 1 hypertension Forty-four male in- patients with mild essential hypertension were r and omly allocated to three groups and put on diets supplemented with 60 ml/day of olive ( n = 15 ) , sunflowerseed ( n = 15 ) or linseed oils ( n = 14 ) , respectively , for two weeks within a blind study . In the group receiving sunflowerseed oil an increase of linoleic acid in serum lipids could be observed , whereas arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids appeared unchanged in serum triglycerides and even significantly lower in cholesterol esters . The subjects ingesting the linseed oil-rich diet showed an increase of alpha-linolenic acid in serum lipids , whereas arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids remained unchanged in serum triglycerides . In cholesterol esters , however , arachidonic acid was significantly decreased and eicosapentaenoic acid appeared increased only to a low level of significance . In the group put on the olive oil-rich regimen only a significant fall of linoleic acid was obvious in serum triglycerides . The results might indicate a defective desaturation and elongation of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids and , consequently , a slow formation of arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids in patients with mild essential hypertension , which should be considered in dietary studies . After the sunflowerseed oil-rich diet a significant decrease of total cholesterol , low density lipoprotein ( LDL ) cholesterol and the LDL/high density lipoprotein ( HDL ) cholesterol ratio was found . Systolic blood pressure during a psychophysiological stress test and urinary sodium excretion appeared significantly lower after the linoleic acid-rich diet . After the linseed oil-rich diet , in addition to total cholesterol , LDL cholesterol and the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio , serum triglycerides and lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase ( LCAT ) activity were significantly depressed . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS Background —Although recent studies have indicated that nut consumption may improve levels of blood lipids , nuts are not generally recommended as snacks for hyperlipidemic subjects because of their high fat content . Furthermore , the effective dose is still unknown . Methods and Results —The dose-response effects of whole almonds , taken as snacks , were compared with low-saturated fat ( < 5 % energy ) whole-wheat muffins ( control ) in the therapeutic diets of hyperlipidemic subjects . In a r and omized crossover study , 27 hyperlipidemic men and women consumed 3  isoenergetic ( mean 423 kcal/d ) supplements each for 1 month . Supplements provided 22.2 % of energy and consisted of full-dose almonds ( 73±3 g/d ) , half-dose almonds plus half-dose muffins , and full-dose muffins  . Fasting blood , expired air , blood pressure , and body weight measurements were obtained at weeks 0 , 2 , and 4 . Mean body weights differed < 300 g between treatments . The full-dose almonds produced the greatest reduction in levels of blood lipids . Significant reductions from baseline were seen on both half- and full-dose almonds for LDL cholesterol ( 4.4±1.7 % , P = 0.018 , and 9.4±1.9 % , P < 0.001 , respectively ) and LDL : HDL cholesterol ( 7.8±2.2 % , P = 0.001 , and 12.0±2.1 % , P < 0.001 , respectively ) and on full-dose almonds alone for lipoprotein(a ) ( 7.8±3.5 % , P = 0.034 ) and oxidized LDL concentrations ( 14.0±3.8 % , P < 0.001 ) , with no significant reductions on the control diet . No difference was seen in pulmonary nitric oxide between treatments . Conclusions —Almonds used as snacks in the diets of hyperlipidemic subjects significantly reduce coronary heart disease risk factors , probably in part because of the nonfat ( protein and fiber ) and monounsaturated fatty acid components of the nut OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of a food-based intervention on blood pressure ( BP ) in free-living South African men and women aged 50 - 75 years , with drug-treated mild-to-moderate hypertension . METHODS A double-blind controlled trial was undertaken in eighty drug-treated mild-to-moderate hypertensive subjects r and omised to an intervention ( n 40 ) or control ( n 40 ) arm . The intervention was 8-week provision of six food items with a modified cation content ( salt replacement ( SOLO ) , bread , margarine , stock cubes , soup mix and a flavour enhancer ) and 500 ml of maas ( fermented milk)/d . The control diet provided the same quantities of the targeted foods but of st and ard commercial composition and 500 ml/d of artificially sweetened cooldrink . FINDINGS The intervention effect estimated as the contrast of the within-diet group changes in BP from baseline to post-intervention was a significant reduction of 6.2 mmHg ( 95 % CI 0.9 , 11.4 ) for systolic BP . The largest intervention effect in 24 h BP was for wake systolic BP with a reduction of 5.1 mmHg ( 95 % CI 0.4 , 9.9 ) . For wake diastolic BP the reduction was 2.7 mmHg ( 95 % CI -0.2 , 5.6 ) . CONCLUSIONS Modification of the cation content of a limited number of commonly consumed foods lowers BP by a clinical ly significant magnitude in treated South African hypertensive patients of low socio-economic status . The magnitude of BP reduction provides motivation for a public health strategy that could be adopted through lobbying of the food industry by consumer and health agencies Increased arterial pressure is known to be influenced by a variety of nutrients . Compliance with dietary recommendations for risk reduction is often limited by the complexity of their implementation . In addition , how improvements in total diet , rather than single nutrients , influence concomitant cardiovascular risk factors has not been thoroughly explored . We assessed the effects of a nutritionally complete prepared meal program , the Campbell 's Center for Nutrition and Wellness plan ( CCNW ) , compared with dietary therapy in which participants received a structured nutritional assessment and prescription and selected their own foods , in 101 women and men with mild-to-moderate hypertension . Outcome measures included blood pressure ( BP ) , lipids and lipoproteins , glucose , glycosylated hemoglobin ( HbA1c ) , insulin , homocysteine , nutrient intake , compliance , and quality of life . Both dietary interventions significantly lowered BP ( P < .0001 ) , while simultaneously improving the overall cardiovascular risk profile . Significantly greater benefits were observed with the CCNW plan as compared with the participant selected diet in cholesterol and LDL levels ( both P < .0001 ) , LDL : HDL ( P < .001 ) , HbA1c ( P < .05 ) , homocysteine ( P < .001 ) , total nutrient intake ( P < .0001 ) , compliance ( P < .0001 ) , and quality of life ( P < .001 ) . This study demonstrates that improving the total diet to include the full array of recommended dietary guidelines , rather than focusing on single nutrients , has significant benefits for the cardiovascular risk profile of hypertensive persons beyond BP control . Compared with typical dietary therapy , the comprehensive CCNW meal plan has significantly greater effects on multiple cardiovascular risk factors while yielding greater compliance and improved quality of life
The two articles that evaluated individuals with dyslipidemia showed improvement in lipid profile .
The mechanisms of action are still being studied .
ABSTRACT In this systematic review , we discuss the scientific evidence about the effect of dietary intake of seeds and sesame derivatives on lipid profile and blood pressure ( BP ) of hypertensive and dyslipidemic individuals .