Effect of resin cement system and root region on the push-out bond strength of a translucent fiber post. Efficacy of a self-curing adhesive-resin cement system on luting glass-fiber posts into root canals: an SEM investigation. Bond Strength between Fiber Posts and Root Dentin Treated with Natural Cross-linkers. Fiber post placement with core build-up materials or resin cements—An evaluation of different adhesive approaches Effects of silane application on luting fiber posts using self-adhesive resin cement. Evaluation of four cementation strategies on the push-out bond strength between fiber post and root dentin. Evaluation of Various Pretreatments to Fiber Post on the Push‐out Bond Strength of Root Canal Dentin Push-out bond strengths of different dental cements used to cement glass fiber posts. The effect of light-curing access and different resin cements on apical bond strength of fiber posts. Comparison of different dentin pretreatment protocols on the bond strength of glass fiber post using self-etching adhesive. Comparison of regional bond strength in root thirds among fiber-reinforced posts luted with different cements. Effect of root canal sealers on bond strength of fibreglass posts cemented with self-adhesive resin cements. Effect of Carbodiimide on Bonding Durability of Adhesive-cemented Fiber Posts in Root Canals. Bonding effectiveness and sealing ability of fiber-post bonding. Effect of Intracanal Irrigants on Bond Strength of Fiber Posts Cemented With a Self-adhesive Resin Cement. Immediate and 24-hour evaluation of the interfacial strengths of fiber posts. In vitro bond strengths of resin modified glass ionomer cements and composite resin self-cure adhesives: introduction of an adhesive system with increased bond strength and inhibition of decalcification.
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the bond strength of luting systems for bonding glass fiber posts to root canal dentin . The hypothesis tested was that there are no differences in bond strength of glass fiber posts luted with different cement systems . METHODS Forty bovine incisors were r and omly assigned to five different resin cement groups ( n=8 ) . After endodontic treatment and crown removal , translucent glass fiber posts were bonded into the root canal using five different luting protocol s ( self-cured cement and etch- and -rinse adhesive system ; dual-cured cement and etch- and -rinse adhesive system ; self-cured cement and self-etch adhesive system ; dual-cured cement and self-etch adhesive system ; and dual-cured self-adhesive cement ) . Push-out bond strength was evaluated at three different radicular levels : cervical , middle , and apical . The interface between resinous cement and the post was observed using a stereoscopic microscope . RESULTS Analysis of variance showed a statistically significant difference among the cements ( p<0.05 ) and the root canal thirds ( p<0.05 ) . The self-adhesive resinous cement had lower values of retention . CONCLUSIONS The resin cements used with etch- and -rinse and self-etch adhesive systems seem to be adequate for glass fiber post cementation PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new bonding-luting system in resin tag , adhesive lateral branch , and hybrid layer formation when used in combination with an experimental fiber post . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Thirty anterior teeth extracted for periodontal reasons were selected for this study . They were endodontically treated and r and omly divided into three groups of 10 sample s each : group 1 = Excite light-cured bonding agent in combination with Variolink II resin cement ; group 2 = Excite dual-cured bonding agent self-activated by an experimental microbrush in combination with MultiLink resin cement ; and group 3 = one-step bonding system in combination with Dual Link resin cement . In groups 1 and 3 , the primer-adhesive solution was light cured before placing the resin cement and the post , whereas in group 2 the adhesive/luting material s were not light cured . Twenty FRC Postec translucent posts ( groups 1 and 2 ) and 10 EndoAesthetic translucent fiber posts ( group 3 ) were used . One week later , the root sample s were processed for scanning electron microscopic ( SEM ) observations . RESULTS Microscopic examinations of restored interfaces from group 2 revealed a resin-dentin interdiffusion zone higher than that seen in sample s from groups 1 and 3 ( P < .05 ) . At the apical and middle thirds , the sample s from group 2 showed significantly more resin tags than the other two groups . CONCLUSION The dual-cure self-activating system showed a more uniform resin tag and resin-dentin interdiffusion zone formation along root canal walls than light-curing systems INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a proanthocyanidin-rich extract ( grape seed extract [ GSE ] ) on the bond strength and stability of the adhesion of fiber posts to the root dentine using 2 adhesive systems : a total-etch and a self-etch adhesive system . METHODS Single-rooted human teeth were r and omly divided into 6 groups : G1 ( control ) , untreated + total-etch adhesive Adper Scotchbond Multi- Purpose ( 3 M ESPE , St Paul , MN ) ; G2 , 6.5 % GSE for 5 minutes + SB ; G3 , 10 % GSE for 5 minutes + SB ; and G4 to G6 groups were similar to previous ones ; however , the self-etch adhesive system Clearfil SE Bond ( Kuraray , Kurashiki , Japan ) was used . Fiber posts were cemented with RelyX ARC ( 3 M ESPE ) , and the specimens were immediately tested for push out or stored for 12 months . The bond strength means were analyzed by analysis of variance and Games-Howell post hoc tests ( α = 0.05 ) . Additionally , matrix metalloproteinase inhibition by 0.65 % , 0.065 % , and 0.0065 % GSE was examined with gelatin zymography . RESULTS The use of GSE did not affect immediate bond strength to dentin and contributed to preserve the bond strength after 12 months ( P < .05 ) for both adhesives . The bond strength of SB was significantly higher than Clearfil SE Bond ( P < .05 ) . Gelatin zymography showed reduced matrix metalloproteinase activity when recombinant enzymes were incubated with both 0.65 % and 0.065 % GSE , with complete inhibition at the highest concentration . CONCLUSIONS The pretreatment with GSE can be used as a natural alternative to improve bond strength stability of dentin-adhesive interfaces in root canals Abstract Objective . To compare push-out bond strength of fiber-posts luted with different adhesive approaches to root canal dentin . Material s and methods . Forty maxillary first incisors were decoronated and endodontically treated . Specimens were r and omly distributed into five groups ( n = 8) and fiber-posts ( DentinPost coated , Komet ) were inserted using five different luting material s : etch- and -rinse adhesive systems and corresponding core- and -post material in groups 1 ( DentinBond/DentinBuild , Komet ) and 2 ( XP Bond + SCA/Core-X flow , Densply ) , self-adhesive resin cements in groups 3 ( RelyX Unicem , 3 M Espe ) and 4 ( SmartCem 2 , Dentsply ) and a self-etch adhesive/resin cement in group 5 ( ED-Primer II/Panavia F 2.0 , Kuraray ) . The roots were sectioned into eight 1 mm thick serial slices and within 48 h push-out bond strength was investigated . Statistical analyses were performed using non-parametrical Kruskal-Wallis H-test and Mann-Whitney U-test for differences between experimental groups at p < 0.05 . The failure modes were analyzed using Chi square test . Results . The bond strength [ MPa ] ( mean/min – max ) for groups 3 ( 12.35/3.60–32.44 ) , 4 ( 13.52/4.48–30.69 ) and 2 ( 11.15/5.23–35.58 ) were significantly higher ( p < 0.001 ) compared to groups 1 ( 6.66/2.34–24.89 ) and 5 ( 7.41/0.28–34.18 ) . Adhesive failure between dentin and luting agent was the most frequent failure mode . Conclusions . Bond strength of fiber-posts adhesively luted to root canal dentin was significantly higher when self-adhesive resin cements were used . One ( group 2 ) of the tested core- and -post material s/etch- and -rinse adhesive achieved comparable bond strength values PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of different glass-fiber post surface treatments on the bond strength to root dentin . MATERIAL S AND METHODS Fifty bovine incisors were used in this study . After removing the crowns , the teeth were endodontically treated . The roots were r and omly divided into five groups according to post surface treatment . The groups were as follows : CO ( Control ) - no treatment ; G1 - RelyX Ceramic Primer ( silane ) only ; G2 - silane and Solobond M ; G3 - silane and Scotchbond Adhesive ; G4 - silane and Excite . For post cementation , RelyX Unicem was used according to the manufacturer 's recommendation and the roots were stored in a light-proof container with 100 % relative humidity for 24 h. The specimens were transversally sectioned . Subsequently , the cervical , middle , and apical regions of the root were positioned in a push-out device and tested at 0.5 mm/min using a universal testing machine ( Instron ) . The data were statistically analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Tukey 's post-hoc test . The fractured specimens were then observed under a stereoscopic loupe at 60X magnification . RESULTS No significant difference in bond strength was found among the groups that received a silane or silane plus an adhesive system ( p > 0.05 ) . However , the CO ( no silane ) showed the lowest bond strength . Regarding G1 , G2 , G3 , and G4 , the cervical region of the root canal attained better bond strengths than did the middle or apical regions . The most frequent failure mode occurred at the cement/dentin interface . CONCLUSION Silane application may be necessary to improve the adhesion of fiber posts luted with the self-adhesive resin cement evaluated here . The application of an adhesive layer between the fiber post and resin cement did not have any influence on the bond strength when the silane coupling was previously used This trial used push-out testing to evaluate four different fiber post cementation strategies .  Specimens of bovine m and ibular teeth were r and omly allocated into four groups according to cementation strategies ( n = 10 ) : ScotchBond Multi Purpose and RelyX ARC ( Group 1 ) ; AdheSE and Multilink Automix ( Group 2 ) ; phosphoric acid and RelyX U100 ( Group 3 ) ; and RelyX U100 ( Group 4 ) . Four slices from each specimen ( 2.0 mm thick ) were obtained for the push-out test . All slices were analyzed for failure mode after testing . A one-way ANOVA showed differences between the groups ( P = 0.002 ) . A Tukey test indicated that Group 1 had the highest bond strength values ( 13.96 ± 6.41 MPa ) . Groups 2 ( 6.58 ± 2.14 MPa ) , 3 ( 5.85 ± 2.57 MPa ) , and 4 ( 8.19 ± 2.28 MPa ) had similar bond strengths , but all of them were lower than Group 1 . A three-step total etching adhesive system , associated with a conventional resin cement , might be a good alternative for fiber post cementation Introduction : The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the effect of different pretreatments ( fiber post ) with the laser‐activated irrigation ( LAI ) technique ( for removal of the smear layer ) on root canal dentin in terms of push‐out bond strength ( PBS ) in a fiber post . Methods : Fifty freshly extracted m and ibular single‐rooted premolars were prepared , and LAI was applied to all roots ( 17 % EDTA was 5 mL for 120 seconds with an erbium , chromium : yttrium‐sc and ium‐gallium‐garnet laser [ 0.50 W , 20 Hz , 25 mJ ] ) . In addition , 50 quartz fiber posts were r and omly assigned to 5 groups ( n = 10 ) according to the surface treatments as follows : group S ( s and blasting ) , group N1 and group N2 ( neodymium : yttrium‐aluminum‐garnet laser irradiation [ 2 W , 200 mJ , 10 Hz , with pulse duration s of 180 or 320 microseconds ) , group HF ( 9.7 % hydrofluoric acid etched ) , and group C ( control with no treatment ) . Dual‐cure resin cement was adhered onto the fiber posts after they were covered with a silane agent , and then the posts were placed into the canal space using a Lentulo spiral . The PBS test was performed after all specimens were transversally sectioned ( root slices of 1‐mm thickness ) . Data were analyzed with 1‐way analysis of variance/Tukey post hoc test ( & agr ; = 0.05 ) . Results : The highest PBS value was observed in group S ( middle part ) , and the lowest value was observed in group C ( apical part ) . There were no statistical differences among the groups regardless of the part . Furthermore , when the PBS values of the different parts of dentin were compared within treated groups , significant differences were observed in all groups except group N2 ( P < .05 ) . Conclusions : Within the limitations of this study , it can be concluded that the LAI technique when used with 17 % EDTA had a significant effect on the amount of smear layer removed from the root canal dentin , which was also detected in the fracture pattern ( adhesive failure [ resin‐post interface ] ) . However , the various treatments of the fiber post did not improve the PBS of the root dentin . HighlightsIt is crucial to maximize the bond strength between the root dentin and resin and between the resin and fiber post for the success of post‐core restorations . EDTA + laser‐activated irrigation significantly reduces debris or smear layers from the root dentin wall . The mechanical treatments on the fiber post surfaces can not affect the push‐out bond strength ( PBS ) ; however , other additional parameters must be evaluated . Studies on the effects of different surface treatments on the fiber post and root dentin walls together with PBS could enrich the literature STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Since the introduction of glass fiber posts , irreversible vertical root fractures have become a rare occurrence ; however , adhesive failure has become the primary failure mode . PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the push-out bond strength of glass fiber posts cemented with different luting agents on 3 segments of the root . MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty human maxillary canines with similar root lengths were r and omly divided into 8 groups ( n=10 ) according to the cement assessed ( Rely X luting , Luting and Lining , Ketac Cem , Rely X ARC , Biscem , Duo-link , Rely X U100 , and Variolink II ) . After st and ardized post space preparation , the root dentin was pretreated for dual-polymerizing resin cements and untreated for the other cements . The mixed luting cement paste was inserted into post spaces with a spiral file and applied to the post surface that was seated into the canal . After 7 days , the teeth were sectioned perpendicular to their long axis into 1-mm-thick sections . The push-out test was performed at a speed of 0.5 mm/min until extrusion of the post occurred . The results were evaluated by 2-way ANOVA and the all pairwise multiple comparison procedures ( Tukey test ) ( α=.05 ) . RESULTS ANOVA showed that the type of interaction between cement and root location significantly influenced the push-out strength ( P<.05 ) . The highest push-out strength results with root location were obtained with Luting and Lining ( S3 ) ( 19.5 ±4.9 MPa ) , Ketac Cem ( S2 ) ( 18.6 ±5.5 MPa ) , and Luting and Lining ( S1 ) ( 18.0 ±7.6 MPa ) . The lowest mean values were recorded with Variolink II ( S1 ) ( 4.6 ±4.0 MPa ) , Variolink II ( S2 ) ( 1.6 ±1.5 MPa ) , and Rely X ARC ( S3 ) ( 0.9 ±1.1 MPa ) . CONCLUSIONS Self-adhesive cements and glass ionomer cements showed significantly higher values compared to dual-polymerizing resin cements . In all root segments , dual-polymerizing resin cements provided significantly lower bond strength . Significant differences among root segments were found only for Duo-link cement PURPOSE This study evaluated the effect of light-curing access on the bond strength of fiber glass posts to the apical area of bovine roots using self-adhesive cement or dual-cured cement with an etch- and -rinse adhesive system . MATERIAL S AND METHODS The root canals of 60 bovine teeth were endodontically treated and filled . A 15-mm-length post space was prepared and roots were r and omly divided into three groups , simulating the levels of light-curing access : coronal ( C ) , with 15-mm post space ; middle ( M ) , in which the coronal thirds of roots were cut out , leaving a 10-mm post space ; and apical ( A ) , in which the coronal and middle thirds of roots were cut out , leaving a 5-mm post space . Fiber glass posts ( Reforpost # 3 , Angelus ) were cemented with RelyX U100 ( 3 M ESPE ) or RelyX ARC/Scotchbond Multi Purpose Plus ( SBMP ) ( 3 M ESPE ) ( n=10 ) and light-cured . After 24 hours , the apical thirds of roots were sectioned perpendicularly to the long axis and su bmi tted to a push-out test ( 0.5 mm/min , 200 N ) . The Kruskal-Wallis test compared the three levels of light-curing access , and the Mann-Whitney test compared the cements . RESULTS The bond strength was significantly higher in the groups C ( p=0.028 ) and M ( p=0.016 ) when U100 was used , whereas it was similar for both cements in group A. The bond strengths of posts cemented with ARC/SBMP were significantly higher in group A compared to group C ( p=0.031 ) . CONCLUSIONS The type of cement used and the light-curing access level influenced the bond strength between glass fiber posts and root canals . The bond strength of the RelyX ARC/SBMP cement proved to be more dependent on photoactivation than was the RelyX U100 cement . The light-curing access level did not influence the apical bond strength of RelyX U100 INTRODUCTION This study compared the influence of different irrigants with and without ultrasound or laser irradiation on the bond strength of glass fiber posts using a self-etching adhesive in a supplementary dentin pretreatment . METHODS Ninety bovine incisor roots were divided into 3 groups according to the irrigant tested : 2 % chlorhexidine ( CHX ) ( n = 30 ) ; 2.5 % sodium hypochlorite ( NaOCl ) ( n = 30 ) , and saline solution ( control ) ( n = 30 ) . Each group was r and omly divided into 3 subgroups according to the supplementary dentin pretreatment : ultrasound , Nd : YAG laser , and nonsupplemented ( control ) . A self-etching adhesive system ( Futurabond DC ; VOCO GmbH , Cuxhaven , Germany ) was used , and the glass fiber posts were cemented with dual-cure epoxy-based luting agent ( Bifix QM , VOCO GmbH ) . All roots were sectioned transversely , and the push-out test was performed . Failure mode analysis was also evaluated . RESULTS Bond strength decreased significantly after the use of 2.5 % NaOCl in all root thirds ( P < .05 ) . CHX showed no difference in the mean bond strength value compared with saline solution ( P > .05 ) . The supplementary dentin pretreatment using the Nd : YAG laser or ultrasound did not improve the bond strength values for both NaOCl and CHX ( P > .05 ) . Moreover , the apical third exhibited the lowest mean bond strength values ( P < .05 ) . Analysis indicated that the predominant failure mode was the mixed type . CONCLUSIONS Regardless of the irrigant used , the supplementary dentin pretreatment with ultrasound or laser irradiation showed no improvement in bond strength . Also , the use of NaOCl decreased the bond strength of glass fiber posts using a self-etching adhesive system , whereas CHX preserved it AIM To compare regional bond strength in different thirds of the root canal , among glass fiber-reinforced ( FRC ) endodontic posts luted with different cements , using the push-out test . MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty extracted human anterior teeth were endodontically treated with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer . The crown portion was removed , and a dowel space was prepared . Prepared teeth were r and omly assigned to one of six groups ( n = 10 ) for luting glass FRC Postec posts , with one of the six cement systems ( Ketac Cem Aplicap , Relyx Unicem Aplicap , Variolink II/Excite DCS , Panavia F/ED Primer , C&B cement/All-Bond 2 , and Multilink/Multilink Primer A/B ) , using an alignment technique . Specimens were embedded in resin , and each root was sectioned into six 1-mm thick serial slices . A push-out test was performed to measure regional bond strengths and to identify the type of failure . RESULTS The highest bond strength values were found in the cervical third and the lowest in the apical third . Highest values were obtained using Variolink II , Panavia F , and Multilink resin cements followed by C&B resin cement and Relyx Unicem ionomer resin cement ; Ketac-cem ionomer cement showed the lowest value . CONCLUSION Highest bond strength values were obtained in the cervical third and with resin cements AIM This study evaluated the effects of different root canal sealers on the bond strength of a fibreglass post cemented with self-adhesive resin cements . METHODOLOGY The root canals of 50 extracted maxillary single-rooted canine teeth were prepared with the crown-down technique and r and omly divided into five groups according to the sealer used : group 1 : control group , gutta-percha points only ( no sealer ) ; group 2 : AH Plus ( resin-based sealer ) ; group 3 : self-etch Epiphany ( resin-based sealer ) ; group 4 : Sealer 26 ( calcium hydroxide-based sealer ) ; and group 5 : Endomethasone ( zinc oxide eugenol-based sealer ) . The root canals were filled with gutta-percha , the cold lateral compaction technique , except for group 3 where Resilon was used . Post spaces were prepared , and fibreglass posts were cemented with the self-adhesive cement RelyX Unicem . Bonded specimens were sectioned into 1-mm-thick slabs , and a push-out test was performed in a universal machine . Failure modes were observed and classified into five types : ( i ) adhesive between the post and resin cement ; ( ii ) mixed , with resin cement covering 0 - 50 % of the post diameter ; ( iii ) mixed , with resin cement covering 50 - 100 % of the post surface ; ( iv ) adhesive between resin cement and root canal ; and ( v ) cohesive in dentine . Data of bond strength were su bmi tted to anova and Tukey test ( α = 0.05 ) . RESULTS No significant difference was detected between control group , AH Plus , Epiphany and Sealer 26 ( P > 0.05 ) . The Endomethasone group had significantly lower bond strength values than the other sealers ( P < 0.05 ) . The prevalence of mixed fractures and adhesive cement-dentine failure was verified in the eugenol-containing sealer group ; in the control group , the resin-based and calcium hydroxide-based sealer groups , the predominant mode of failure was the mixed type . CONCLUSION Endomethasone interfered negatively with the bond to root dentine ; however , AH Plus , Epiphany and Sealer 26 did not interfere in the bond strength of a fibreglass post cemented with self-adhesive resin cements This study was undertaken to investigate whether using a protein cross-linker , 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl ) carbodiimide ( EDC ) , improves bonding stability of fiber posts to root dentin using three resin cements . Sixty human maxillary central incisor roots were r and omly divided into six groups after endodontic treatment , according to the cements used with and without EDC pretreatment . In the etch- and -rinse group , 0.3 M EDC aqueous solution was applied on acid-etched root dentin prior to Excite DSC/Variolink II for post cementation . In the self-etch and self-adhesive groups , EDC was used on EDTA-conditioned root space prior to application of ED Primer II/Panavia F2.0 and Clearfil SA , respectively . After microslicing the root dentin , a push-out bond strength ( BS ) test was performed immediately or after one-year of water storage for each group . Data were analyzed using three-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests ( α=0.05 ) . A significant effect of cement type , time , EDC , and Time × Cement and Time × EDC interactions were observed ( p≤0.001 ) . EDC pretreatment did not affect immediate bonding of the three cements ( p>0.05 ) . Aging significantly reduced the BS in all the groups ( p≤0.001 ) , but EDC groups exhibited a higher BS compared with the respective control groups ( p<0.001 ) . Despite the significant effect of aging on decreasing the BS of fiber post to radicular dentin , EDC could diminish this effect for the three tested cements OBJECTIVES To evaluate the push-out bond strength and the sealing ability of five adhesive cements routinely used for fiber-post bonding . METHODS Fifty extracted single-rooted teeth were r and omly divided in five groups and restored using Parapost FiberLux and the following luting agents : Panavia 21 ( PAN ) , Clearfil Esthetic Cement ( CLF ) , Variolink II ( VAR ) , RelyX Unicem ( UNI ) and experimental GC self-adhesive cement ( EGC ) . After 1 week of water storage at 37 degrees C , three sections ( coronal , middle and apical ) of 2 mm thickness were prepared from each specimen . Sealing ability was quantified with a fluid-filtration system ( Flodec ) during 10 min , after which the push-out bond strength was immediately measured . Data were analyzed with ANOVA ( push-out ) and Kruskal-Wallis ( sealing ability ) . RESULTS The push-out bond strength and sealing ability were not significantly different among the coronal , middle and apical sections for each luting agent . The highest push-out bond strength was measured for CLF ( 14.60+/-3.63 MPa ) , which was not significantly different from PAN ( 12.57+/-2.45 MPa ) , but significantly higher than VAR ( 11.09+/-4.09 MPa ) , UNI ( 11.29+/-4.31 MPa ) and EGC ( 7.65+/-4.79 MPa ) . When evaluating the sealing ability , significant differences were not found among PAN , CLF and VAR , and between UNI and EGC . The latter luting agents scored significantly lower than the former ones . The push-out bond strength was correlated to the sealing ability ( p<0.001 ) . SIGNIFICANCE The self-etching MDP-based cements presented the highest push-out bond strength . Although the bonding effectiveness of self-adhesive cements appears promising , their interaction with root dentin might be too weak to minimize microleakage at the post-cement-dentin interface OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of five intracanal irrigants on bond strength of fiber posts cemented with newer self-adhesive resin cement . METHODS A total of 60 extracted , single-rooted human premolars , sectioned at 14 mm , were prepared with the ProTaper Universal system with a size F3 instrument and filled with an F3 master cone and AH Plus . The root canal filling was partially removed , leaving 4 mm of apical gutta-percha . Specimens were r and omly assigned to five groups ( n=12 ) , according to the solution used for dentin surface treatment before fiber post cementation , as follows : EDTA 17 % ( EDTA ) ; QMix ( QM ) ; SmearClear ( SC ) ; 2.5 % sodium hypochlorite ( NaOCl ) , and 0.9 % saline solution ( SS ) . Ultrasonic activation was performed ( three times , 20 seconds each ) , and root canals were dried with paper points . Fiber posts were cemented with RelyX U200 . In one specimen per group , rhodamine B dye was mixed with RelyX U200 to provide adequate fluorescence for confocal laser scanning microscopy ( CLSM ) assessment . Specimens were transversally sectioned and three slices were obtained , one for each root third . Next , a push-out test was performed . A stereomicroscope and CLSM were used to analyze the failure modes and to illustrate the pattern of infiltration of RelyX U200 into dentinal tubules , respectively . Bond strength means were calculated , and analysis of variance and Bonferroni tests were used for statistical analysis . RESULTS SS showed the highest mean bond strength values ( 11.5±5.3 ) , superior to QM ( 5.1±3.1 ) and SC ( 5.1±3.3 ) . NaOCl presented intermediary bond strength values ( 9.7±5.0 ) , similar to EDTA ( 7.7±2.9 ) and SS . QM and SC showed the lowest mean bond strength ( p<0.05 ) . Adhesive failures between cement/dentin were predominant ( 53.9 % ) . CONCLUSION SS and NaOCl associated with ultrasonic activation seem to be adequate solutions for root canal cleaning before fiber post cementation with self-adhesive resin cement , whereas chelating solutions , such as EDTA , QM , and SC , cause a decrease in bond strength This study examined the contribution of testing time on the interfacial strengths of  fiber posts to radicular dentin . Twenty-five fiber posts were luted to root segments  with resin cements and a zinc phosphate cement . Immediately upon setting of the material s , the roots were sectioned into slices and r and omly divided into two subgroups , depending on testing time ( immediate vs. 24-hours ) , for push-out test . The results showed an improvement on the interfacial strength after 24 hours of storage . When data were pooled for each cement , the interfacial strengths ( MPa ) were : Optibond Solo Plus/Nexus : 10.3+/-3.8a ; zinc phosphate cement : 10.1+/-2.7a ; Multilink : 9.6+/-3.8ab ; RelyX Unicem : 7.1+/-4.9bc ; AllBond 2/Duolink : 6.7+/-3.5c ( groups with same superscript letter were not statistically significant ) . It is concluded that bond strength can increase during the first 24 hours and that the interfacial strength is predominantly contributed by frictional retention This study evaluated the shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index of 5 self-cure adhesives to comparatively evaluate a new adhesive system . Extracted human incisors were r and omly divided into 7 test groups of 20 each .  Incisor mesh-backed brackets were bonded to the tooth specimens in each group with their respective adhesive according to the manufacturer 's instructions . The specimens were thermocycled for 2 weeks at temperatures from 5 degrees to 55 degrees C to simulate oral conditions and debonded using an Instron machine . Acceptable bond strength parameters were present with the Contacto No-Mix ( composite resin containing glass ionomer 8.75 MPa ) and Fuji Ortho SC with acid conditioning ( 6.98 MPa ) . Contacto No-Mix had a higher bond strength ( 11.2 MPa ) when microetching and Megabond were employed than when these adjuncts were not employed . When FUJI Ortho SC specimens were conditioned with polyacrylic acid , they showed a higher bond strength ( 6.98 MPa ) than when bonded to unetched teeth ( 5.41 MPa ) . In test 3 , EXPT-fluoride adhesive ( AF ) demonstrated a higher bond strength ( 13.44 MPa ) than both resin composite Contacto No-Mix ( 8.8 MPa , GAC 7.4 MPa ) and FUJI Ortho SC ( 5.41 MPa ) . Expt AF ( Test 3 ) and Concise had equal bond strengths , however , the former can potentially release fluoride from the glass ionomer . Although the
The results showed heterogeneity in all comparisons , and higher bond strength to dentin was identified for self-adhesive cements .
Although the articles included in this meta- analysis showed high heterogeneity and high risk of bias , the in vitro literature seems to suggest that use of self-adhesive resin cement could improve the retention of GFPs into root canals
Because there are several ways to cement  glass-fiber posts ( GFPs ) into root canals , there is no consensus on the best strategy to achieve high bond strengths .
A systematic review was conducted to determine if there is difference in bond strength to dentin between regular and self-adhesive resin cements and to verify the influence of several variables on the retention of GFPs .