Effect of intensive lifestyle intervention on C-reactive protein in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance and obesity. Results from a randomized controlled trial with 5-year follow-up. Weight Loss Reduces C-Reactive Protein Levels in Obese Postmenopausal Women Diet-induced weight loss is associated with decreases in plasma serum amyloid a and C-reactive protein independent of dietary macronutrient composition in obese subjects. C-reactive protein levels according to physical activity and body weight for participants in the coronary health improvement project. Change in Levels of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Serum Cortisol in Morbidly Obese Patients After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy [Impact of weight loss on adipocytokines, C-reactive protein and insulin sensitivity in hypertensive women with central obesity]. Effect of a High Protein Weight Loss Diet on Weight, High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, and Cardiovascular Risk among Overweight and Obese Women: A Parallel Clinical Trial Reductions in C-reactive protein in older adults with type 2 diabetes are related to improvements in body composition following a randomized controlled trial of resistance training Effects of different doses of physical activity on C-reactive protein among women. Low Carbohydrate, High Fat Diet Increases C-Reactive Protein during Weight Loss Serum C-Reactive Protein and White Blood Cell Count in Morbidly Obese Surgical Patients Effect of Dietary Composition of Weight Loss Diets on High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein: The Randomized POUNDS LOST Trial Differentiation Between Obesity and Insulin Resistance in the Association With C-Reactive Protein No Reduction in C-Reactive Protein following a 12-Month Randomized Controlled Trial of Exercise in Men and Women Effect of dietary patterns on serum C-reactive protein level. Effects of Weight Loss and Long-Term Weight Maintenance With Diets Varying in Protein and Glycemic Index on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Diet, Obesity, and Genes (DiOGenes) Study A Randomized, Controlled Trial Effect of C-reactive protein reduction on paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.
C-reactive protein ( CRP ) is a marker of metabolic and cardiovascular disease . To study the effects of lifestyle on CRP in a high-risk population we conducted a r and omized controlled trial on 200 obese subjects ( BMI > 27 kg m(-2 ) ) with impaired glucose tolerance recruited from primary care setting s. They were r and omized to either a 1-month stay at a wellness centre focusing on diet , exercise and stress management ( intervention group ) or 30 - 60 min of oral and written information on lifestyle intervention ( control group ) . A significant reduction of CRP was observed after 1 month and 1 year in the intervention group . They reduced their CRP levels more than the control group 1 year after intervention ( p=0.004 ) . In conclusion lifestyle intervention can decrease CRP  in obese individuals with impaired glucose tolerance for up to 1 year . Further research is needed to evaluate whether the CRP level reduction translates into a decreased risk for cardiovascular morbidity Background —C-reactive protein ( CRP ) has been proposed as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and has been positively associated with body weight and body fatness . We examined the hypothesis that weight loss would reduce plasma CRP levels in obese postmenopausal women . Methods and Results —In a sample of 61 obese ( body mass index , 35.6±5.0 kg/m2 ) , postmenopausal women ( age , 56.4±5.2 years ) , we found that plasma CRP levels were positively associated with dual x-ray absorptiometry – measured total body fatness ( r = 0.36 , P < 0.005 ) and CT-measured intra-abdominal body fat area ( r = 0.30 , P < 0.02 ) . Significant correlations were also found between plasma CRP and triglyceride levels ( r = 0.33 , P < 0.009 ) and glucose disposal measured by the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique ( r = −0.29 , P < 0.03 ) . Twenty-five of the 61 women tested at baseline completed a weight loss protocol .  The average weight loss was 14.5±6.2 kg ( −15.6 % , P < 0.0001 ) , with losses of 10.4±5.4 kg fat mass ( −25.0 % , P < 0.0001 ) and 2.8±1.4 kg fat-free mass ( −6.0 % , P < 0.0001 ) . Visceral and subcutaneous fat areas were reduced by −36.4 % and −23.7 % , respectively ( P < 0.0001 ) . Plasma CRP levels were significantly reduced by weight loss : average −32.3 % , from 3.06 ( + 0.69 , −1.29 ) to 1.63 ( + 0.70 , −0.75 ) & mgr;g/mL ( P < 0.0001 , medians and interquartile differences ) . Changes in body weight and in total body fat mass were both positively associated with plasma CRP level reductions . Conclusions —Adiposity was a significant predictor of plasma CRP in postmenopausal women on a cross-sectional basis . Moreover , caloric restriction – induced weight loss decreased plasma CRP levels . Weight loss may represent an important intervention to reduce CRP levels , which may mediate part of its cardioprotective effects in obese postmenopausal women Elevated levels of serum amyloid A ( SAA ) and C-reactive protein ( CRP ) have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk . Although levels of CRP decrease with weight loss , it is not known whether SAA decreases with weight loss or whether dietary macronutrient composition affects levels of either SAA or CRP . SAA and CRP levels were measured retrospectively on baseline and 3-month plasma sample s from 41 obese ( mean body mass index 33.63 + /- 1.86 kg/m2 ) women completing a r and omized trial comparing a low-fat diet ( n = 19 ) and a very low-carbohydrate diet ( n = 22 ) . For the 41 participants , there were significant decreases from baseline to 3 months in both LogSAA ( P = 0.049 ) and LogCRP ( P = 0.035 ) . The very low-carbohydrate dieters had a significantly greater decrease in LogSAA ( P = 0.04 ) , but their weight loss also was significantly greater ( -7.6 + /- 3.2 vs. -4.3 + /- 3.5 kg , P < 0.01 ) . In this study , the decreases in inflammatory markers correlated significantly with weight loss ( r = 0.44 , P = 0.004 vs. LogSAA and r = 0.35 , P = 0.03 vs. LogCRP ) . Also , change in LogSAA correlated with change in insulin resistance ( r = 0.35 , P = 0.03 ) . Thus , in otherwise healthy , obese women , weight loss was associated with significant decreases in both SAA and CRP . These effects were proportional to the amount of weight lost but independent of dietary macronutrient composition OBJECTIVES To identify whether the Coronary Health Improvement Project ( CHIP ) , an intervention design ed to increase physical activity and improve diet , lowers serum C-reactive protein ( CRP ) . The study will also assess whether changes in CRP over the study period are associated with baseline levels of and changes in selected coronary risk factors . METHODS A r and omized controlled study design assigned 348 individuals to the intervention or control group with measurements taken at baseline , 6 weeks , and 6 months of body weight , physical activity , and serum CRP levels . Participants attended an intensive 40-hour educational course delivered over a 4-week period , beginning March 2003 , in Rockford , IL , USA . RESULTS The intervention significantly increased physical activity and decreased BMI , weight , percent body fat , and saturated fat ( P<0.0001 ) . However , the intervention was not significantly associated with a decrease in CRP . Participants in both the intervention and control groups combined showed a decrease in high CRP ( > 3 mg/L ) , from 46 % at baseline to 38 % at 6 weeks and 41 % at 6 months . Those with higher BMI at baseline showed a greater increase in CRP over time ( P<0.0001 ) , whereas those with higher CRP at baseline showed a greater decrease in CRP over time ( P<0.0001 ) . CONCLUSIONS Over 6 week and 6 month follow-up periods , the intervention failed to discriminate changes in CRP . However , the percentage with high CRP did fall , more so for those with lower BMI and higher CRP at baseline . BMI may mediate the influence of physical activity on CRP Background C-Reactive protein ( CRP ) has been associated with the macro- and microvascular effects of hypertension and diabetes mellitus . Referring to serum cortisol , it has been proposed to contribute to the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome , and it has been demonstrated that weight loss normalizes cortisol levels and improves insulin resistance . The aims of this study were to analyze CRP and cortisol levels pre- and postoperatively in morbidly obese patients undergoing a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy  and to correlate them with weight loss and parameters associated with cardiovascular risk . Methods A prospect i ve study of all the morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy as bariatric procedure between October 2007 and May 2011 was performed . Results A total of 40 patients were included in the study .  CRP levels decreased significantly 12 months after surgery ( median reduction of 8.9 mg/l ; p = 0.001 ) . Serum cortisol levels decreased significantly 6 months after surgery ( median reduction of 34.9 μg/dl ; p = 0.001 ) . CRP values reached the normal range ( < 5 mg/l ) 1 year after surgery . Referring to cortisol , a significant association was observed with the cardiovascular risk predictor ( triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio ) from the 6th month after surgery onward ( Pearson correlation coefficient , 0.559 ; p = 0.008 ) . Conclusion CRP levels are increased preoperatively and in the postoperative course up to 1 year after surgery . Serum cortisol levels remain elevated until the 6th month after surgery . From this moment onward , serum cortisol is associated with the cardiovascular risk predictor reflecting the cardiovascular risk decreasement during the weight loss OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of weight reduction on serum adipocytokines , C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , and insulin sensitivity in hypertensive female patients with central obesity . METHODS This study was performed using the data base and stored serum sample s of female patients who had participated in an intervention study focused on weight loss . Thirty hypertensive women aged 18 to 65 , body mass index ( BMI ) > 27 kg/m2 , and central obesity were selected . They were r and omly assigned to receive either a low-calorie diet plus orlistat 120 mg three times daily or a low-calorie diet alone for 16 weeks . Patients who experienced weight loss greater than 5 % ( n = 24 ) were assessed for blood pressure , anthropometric parameters , visceral fat , insulin resistance ( HOMA-R - homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance ) and sensitivity ( ISI - Insulin Sensitivity Index ) indices , plus serum lipids , adipocytokines ( adiponectin , leptin , IL-6 , and TNF-alpha ) and CRP levels . RESULTS After BMI had been reduced by approximately 5 % in both groups , visceral fat , fasting glucose , triglycerides , and TNF-alpha decreased . Only the orlistat group , which was more insulin resistant at baseline , showed a significant reduction in blood glucose after oral glucose load , in addition to increased insulin sensitivity . CONCLUSION This study 's findings indicate that a weight loss greater than 5 % is associated with improved inflammatory status and decreased insulin resistance , regardless of changes in adiponectin and TNF-a levels . The greatest improvements in insulin sensitivity experienced by the orlistat-treated patients could not be attributed to the use of this drug because of the higher number of insulin-resistant subjects in this group Studies regarding the effects of high protein ( HP ) diets on cardiovascular ( CVD ) risk factors have reported contradictory results . We aim ed to determine the effects of an HP diet on CVD risk factors and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) among overweight and obese women . In this r and omized controlled trial , we recruited 60 overweight and obese women , aged 20–65 , into an HP or energy-restricted control diet for three months ( protein , carbohydrate , and fat : 25 % , 45 % , and 30 % versus 15 % , 55 % , and 30 % , resp . ) . Total protein was divided between animal and plant sources in a 1 : 1 ratio , and animal sources were distributed equally between meats and dairy products . Fasting blood sample s , hs-CRP , lipid profile , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , and anthropometric measurements were assessed using st and ard guidelines . Percent change was significantly different between the two diet groups for weight ( st and ard protein ( SP ) : −3.90 ± 0.26 versus HP : −6.10 ± 0.34 % ; P < 0.0001 , resp . ) and waist circumference ( SP : −3.03 ± 0.21 versus HP : −5.06 ± 0.28 % ; P < 0.0001 , resp . ) . Percent change of fasting blood glucose ( FBG ) substantially decreased in the control group compared to the HP group ( −9.13 ± 0.67 versus −4.93 ± 1.4 % ; P = 0.01 , resp . ) . Total cholesterol , systolic blood pressure ( SBP ) , and diastolic blood pressure ( DBP ) decreased both in the HP and in the control diet groups ( P = 0.06 , P = 0.07 , and P = 0.09 , resp . ) ; however , the results were marginally significant . Serum levels of hs-CRP were reduced both in the control ( −0.08 ± 0.11 % , P = 0.06 ) and in the high protein groups ( −0.04 ± 0.09 % , P = 0.06 ) . The energy-restricted HP diet result ed in more beneficial effects on weight loss and reduction of waist circumference . CVD risk factors may improve with HP diets among overweight and obese women . When using isoenergetic weight loss diets , total cholesterol , hs-CRP , and SBP were marginally significantly reduced , independent of dietary protein content . This trial is registered with Clinical Trials.gov NCT01763528 Background Reductions in skeletal muscle mass and increased adiposity are key elements in the aging process and in the pathophysiology of several chronic diseases . Systemic low grade inflammation associated with obesity has been shown to accelerate the age-related decline in skeletal muscle . The aim of this investigation was to determine the effects of 12 months of progressive resistance training ( PRT ) on systemic inflammation , and whether reductions in systemic inflammation were associated with changes in body composition . We hypothesized that reductions in systemic inflammation following 12 months of PRT in older adults with type 2 diabetes would be associated with reductions in adiposity and increases in skeletal muscle mass . Methods Participants ( n = 103 ) were r and omized to receive either PRT or sham-exercise , 3 days a week for 12 months . C-reactive protein ( CRP ) was used to assess systemic inflammation . Skeletal muscle mass and total fat mass were determined using bioelectrical impedance . Results Twelve months of PRT tended to reduce CRP compared to sham exercise ( β = −0.25 , p = 0.087 ) . Using linear mixed-effects models , the hypothesized relationships between body composition adaptations and CRP changes were significantly stronger for skeletal muscle mass ( p = 0.04 ) and tended to be stronger for total fat mass ( p = 0.07 ) following PRT when compared to sham-exercise . Using univariate regression models , stratified by group allocation , reductions in CRP were associated with increases in skeletal muscle mass ( p = 0.01 ) and reductions in total fat mass ( p = 0.02 ) in the PRT group , but not in the sham-exercise group ( p = 0.87 and p = 0.32 , respectively ) . Conclusions We have shown for the first time that reductions in systemic inflammation in older adults with type 2 diabetes following PRT were associated with increases in skeletal muscle mass . Furthermore , reductions in CRP were associated with reductions in adiposity , but only when associated with PRT . Lifestyle interventions aim ed at reducing systemic inflammation in older adults with type 2 diabetes should therefore incorporate anabolic exercise such as PRT to optimize the anti-inflammatory benefits of favorable body composition adaptations UNLABELLED Elevated C-reactive protein ( CRP ) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease . Physical activity has been inversely associated with CRP . However , the clinical trials examining the effect of exercise training have produced conflicting results . PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the influence an exercise training program on CRP in postmenopausal women . METHODS Sedentary , overweight , or obese postmenopausal women with elevated systolic blood pressure ( 120 - 160 mm Hg ; n = 464 ) were r and omized into one of four groups : a nonexercise control or one of three aerobic exercise groups ; exercise energy expenditure of 4 , 8 , or 12 kcal·kg(-1)·wk(-1 ) ( KKW ) for 6 months at a training intensity of 50 % of peak VO2 . RESULTS Complete data for 421 participants were available , and mean ( SD ) baseline CRP was 5.7 ( 5.5 ) mg·L(-1 ) , with no significant differences across groups . Although VO2 increased in a dose-response manner , there were no significant changes in CRP in any of the exercise intervention groups compared with the control group . Change in fitness was not associated with change in CRP , whereas change in weight was significantly associated with change in CRP . CONCLUSIONS Despite increasing fitness , 6 months of aerobic exercise training did not improve CRP . However , improvements in CRP were associated with reductions in weight Objective : Chronic inflammation is associated with elevated risk of heart disease and may be linked to oxidative stress in obesity . Our objective was to evaluate the effect of weight loss diet composition ( low carbohydrate , high fat , LC or high carbohydrate , low fat , HC ) on inflammation and to determine whether this was related to oxidative stress . Methods : Twenty nine overweight women , BMI 32.1 ± 5.4 kg/m2 , were r and omly assigned to a self-selected LC or HC diet for 4 wks . Weekly group sessions and diet record collection s helped enhance compliance . Body weight , markers of inflammation ( serum interleukin-6 , IL-6 ; C-reactive protein , CRP ) oxidative stress ( urinary 8-epi-prostagl and in F2α , 8-epi ) and fasting blood glucose and free fatty acids were measured weekly . Results : The diets were similar in caloric intake ( 1357 kcal/d LC vs. 1361 HC , p=0.94 ) , but differed in macronutrients ( 58 , 12 , 30 and 24 , 59 , 18 for percent of energy as fat , carbohydrate , and protein for LC and HC , respectively ) . Although LC lost more weight ( 3.8 ± 1.2 kg LC vs. 2.6 ± 1.7 HC , p=0.04 ) , CRP increased 25 % ; this factor was reduced 43 % in HC ( p=0.02 ) . For both groups , glucose decreased with weight loss ( 85.4 vs. 82.1 mg/dl for baseline and wk 4 , p<0.01 ) , while IL-6 increased ( 1.39 to 1.62 pg/mL , p=0.04 ) . Urinary 8-epi varied differently over time between groups ( p<0.05 ) with no consistent pattern . Conclusion : Diet composition of the weight loss diet influenced a key marker of inflammation in that LC increased while HC reduced serum CRP but evidence did not support that this was related to oxidative stress Background Obesity has been widely recognized as a chronic inflammatory condition and associated with elevated inflammatory indicators including C-reactive protein ( CRP ) and white blood cell count ( WBC ) . Recent studies have shown elevated CRP or WBC is a significant risk factor for cardiac events and stroke but the clinical significance of CRP and WBC has not been clearly studied in morbidly obese patients . This study is aim ed at the clinical significance of WBC and CRP in morbidly obese patients and the change after bariatric surgery . Methods The study was a prospect ively controlled clinical study . From December 1 , 2001 to January 31 , 2006 , of 640 ( 442 females and 198 males ) consecutive morbid obese patients enrolled in a surgically supervised weight loss program with at least 1 year ’s follow-up were examined . Results Of the patients , 476 ( 74.4 % ) had elevated CRP and 100 ( 15.6 % ) had elevated WBC at preoperative study .  CRP and WBC were significantly related and both increased with increasing body mass index ( BMI ) . CRP is also increased with increasing waist , glucose level , hemoglobin , albumin , Ca , insulin , C-peptide , and metabolic syndrome while WBC is increased with metabolic syndrome but decreased with increasing age . Multivariate analysis confirmed fasting glucose level and hemoglobin are independent predictors of the elevation of CRP while age is the only independent predictor for elevated WBC . Both WBC and CRP levels decreased rapidly after obesity surgery . These improvements result ed in a 69.8 % reduction of CRP and 26.4 % reduction of WBC 1 year after surgery . Although individuals who underwent laparoscopic gastric bypass lost significantly more weight ( 36.8 ± 11.7 kg vs. 17.3 ± 10.8 kg ; p = 0.000 ) and achieved a lower BMI ( 27.8 ± 4.6 vs. 35.0 ± 5.5 ; p = 0.000 ) than individuals who underwent laparoscopic gastric b and ing , there was no difference in the resolution of elevated CRP 1 year after surgery ( 95.9 % vs. 84.5 % ; p = 0.169 ) and WBC ( 99.4 % vs. 98.3 % ; p = 0.323 ) . Conclusions Both baseline WBC and CRP are elevated in morbid obese patients but CRP has a better clinical significance . Significant weight reduction 1 year after surgery markedly reduced CRP and WBC with a resolution rate of 93.9 % and 98.2 % separately . Obesity surgery performed by laparoscopic surgery is recommended for obese patients with elevated CRP or WBC Overweight and obesity are associated with increased high sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hsCRP ) levels . The purpose of this study was to determine if weight loss diets differing in fat , protein , or carbohydrate composition differentially reduce hsCRP . POUNDS ( Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies ) LOST was a two-year trial of overweight and obese adults r and omly allocated to one of four weight loss diets with targeted percentages of energy derived from fat , protein , and carbohydrates ( 20,15,65%;20,25,55%;40,15,45%;40,25,35 % , respectively ) . hsCRP was measured at baseline , 6 , and 24 months among 710 participants , and adiposity as measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry ( N=340 ) or abdominal computed tomography ( N=126 ) was correlated with hsCRP change . At 6 months , hsCRP was reduced in all trial participants by −24.7 % ( IQR + 7%,−50 % ) , weight by −6.7 % ( IQR −3%,−11 % ) , and waist circumference by −6.0 % ( IQR −3%,−10 % ) ( all P<.002 ) , with no significant differences according to dietary composition . The percent change in hsCRP at 6 and 24 months correlated modestly with change in weight , waist circumference , fasting insulin , fasting glucose , HOMA , and most lipid levels . Reductions in hsCRP persisted despite an approximate 50 % regain of weight by 24 months . The percent change in hsCRP at 24 months significantly correlated with changes in total body fat ( r=0.42 ) , total abdominal adiposity ( r=0.52 ) , subcutaneous abdominal adiposity ( r=0.52 ) , visceral adiposity ( r=0.47 ) , and hepatic tissue density ( r=−0.34 ) ( all P<0.0006 ) . In conclusion , weight loss decreased hsCRP by similar magnitude , irrespective of dietary composition . Clinicians concerned about inflammation and cardiovascular risk should recommend weight loss diets most likely to succeed for their patients Background —Plasma C-reactive protein ( CRP ) concentrations are increased in obese and /or hyperinsulinemic individuals . The goal of this study was to determine if the relation between insulin resistance and CRP was independent of obesity . Methods and Results —Plasma CRP concentrations were measured before and after 3 months of calorie restriction in 38 healthy , obese women .  Steady-state plasma glucose ( SSPG )  concentration during a 180-minute infusion of octreotide , glucose , and insulin was used to stratify participants into insulin-resistant ( IR , n=20 ) or insulin-sensitive ( n=18 ) groups , similar in terms of mean age ( 46±2 versus 44±2 years ) , body mass index ( 32.0±0.4 versus 31.4±0.3 kg/m2 ) , and waist circumference ( 96±2 versus 95±2 cm ) . Mean CRP ( 0.39±0.08 versus 0.12±0.03 mg/dL , P = 0.003 ) concentrations were higher in the IR group , as were day-long plasma glucose and insulin responses ( P < 0.001 ) . There was a significant correlation at baseline between CRP and day-long plasma integrated insulin response ( r = 0.47 , P = 0.001 ) but not between CRP and body mass index ( r = 0.14 ) or waist circumference ( r = 0.10 ) . Weight loss was similar in the two groups ( 8.7±0.9 versus 8.4±0.8 kg ) but was associated with significant ( P < 0.001 ) decreases in SSPG and CRP concentrations in the IR group only . Regression analysis showed that SSPG and day-long plasma insulin response were the only significant predictors of CRP concentration . Conclusions —CRP concentrations are elevated predominantly in obese individuals who are also insulin resistant and fall in parallel with weight loss – associated improvements in insulin resistance . The relation between CRP concentrations and insulin resistance is independent of obesity Low- grade systemic inflammation is suggested to play a role in the development of several chronic diseases including cancer . Higher levels of physical activity and lower adiposity have been associated with reduced levels of markers of systemic inflammation , such as C-reactive protein ( CRP ) ; however , reductions in CRP have not been consistently observed in r and omized controlled trials of exercise . Purpose : To examine the effect of a 12-month aerobic exercise intervention on CRP levels  in men and women . Methods : One hundred two men and 100 women , sedentary and of ages 40 to 75 years , with mean body mass index ( BMI ) of 29.9 and 28.7 kg/m2 , respectively , were r and omly assigned to a 12-month moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise intervention ( 6 d/wk , 60 min/d , 60 - 85 % maximum heart rate ) or control group .  Fasting blood sample s were collected at baseline and at 12 months . CRP levels were measured by high-sensitivity latex-enhanced nephelometry . Results : At baseline , CRP was 1.16 and 2.11 mg/L for men and women , respectively , and CRP was correlated with percent body fat ( r = 0.48 , P ≤0.001 ) , BMI ( r = 0.37 , P ≤ 0.001 ) , and aerobic fitness ( r = −0.49 , P ≤ 0.001 ) . No intervention effects were observed for CRP in men or women , or when stratified by baseline BMI ( < 30 versus ≥30 kg/m2 ) , baseline CRP ( <3 versus ≥3 mg/L ) , or change in body weight , body composition , or aerobic fitness . Conclusion : A 12-month moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise intervention did not affect CRP levels  in previously sedentary men or women with average-risk CRP values at baseline . ( Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(7):1714–8 BACKGROUND AND AIMS C-reactive protein ( CRP ) is a marker of inflammation which has been shown in multiple prospect i ve epidemiological studies to predict the risk of cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome . Dietary patterns may influence the risk of diseases through the effects of CRP on inflammation . The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of dietary patterns with CRP in blood , taking into consideration gender and blood pressure . METHODS AND RESULTS The present cross-sectional analysis included 7574 participants from a large , population -based study of middle-aged Koreans . Four dietary patterns , including ' fruit ' , ' vegetable ' , ' meat ' and ' coffee ' , were derived using factor analysis . Multiple linear regressions were used to evaluate the association between dietary patterns and CRP after adjusting for age , sex , education , waist circumference , smoke status and alcohol consumption . We found that the ' vegetable ' pattern was inversely associated with CRP ( Ptrend = 0.01 ) . The adjusted mean CRP was 0.04 mg/dl lower ( 95 % CI -0.07 , -0.01 ) for subjects in the highest quartile of the ' vegetable ' pattern compared with those in the lowest quartile . This inverse association was more pronounced in men with hypertensive blood ; CRP concentrations across increasing quartile categories of the ' vegetable ' pattern score were 0.1 , 0.14 , and 0.15 mg/dl reduction compared to the 1st quartile ( the lowest quartile ) ( Ptrend = 0.04 , Plinearity = 0.02 ) . CONCLUSIONS The inverse association of the ' vegetable ' pattern with CRP was assessed , and the association appeared to be more predominant in men with hypertensive blood pressure Background — We sought to separately examine the effects of either weight loss or diets varying in protein content and glycemic index without further changes in body weight on cardiovascular risk factors within the Diet , Obesity , and Genes study ( DiOGenes ) . Methods and Results — DiOGenes is a pan-European controlled dietary intervention study in 932 overweight adults who first lost body weight on an 8-week low-calorie diet and were then r and omized to 1 of 5 ad libitum diets for 26 weeks .  The diets were either high or low protein or high or low glycemic index in 4 combinations or control . Weight loss ( −11.23 kg ; 95 % confidence interval , −11.54 to −10.92 ; P<0.001 ) reduced high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( −1.15 mg/L ; 95 % confidence interval , −1.30 to −0.41 ; P<0.001 ) , low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol , triglycerides , and blood pressure . During the 26-week weight maintenance period in the intention-to-treat analysis , the further decrease of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein blood levels was −0.46 mg/L greater ( 95 % confidence interval , −0.79 to −0.13 ) in the groups assigned to low-glycemic-index diets than in those on high-glycemic-index diets ( P<0.001 ) . Groups on low-protein diets achieved a −0.25 mg/L greater reduction in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( 95 % confidence interval , −0.59 to −0.17 ) than those on high-protein diets ( P<0.001 ) , whereas lipid profiles and blood pressure were not differently affected . Conclusions — This large-scale intervention study clearly separates weight loss from dietary composition – related effects . Low-glycemic-index carbohydrates and , to a lesser extent , low-protein intake may specifically reduce low- grade inflammation and associated comorbidities in overweight/obese adults . Clinical Trial Registration — http://www . clinical trials.gov . Unique identifier : NCT00390637 BACKGROUND C-reactive protein ( CRP ) lowering is associated with a reduction in recurrent and permanent atrial fibrillation . This study sought to determine whether CRP lowering also results in a reduction of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( PAF ) during daily life . METHODS AND RESULTS We enrolled 80 patients with proven PAF , CRP between 0.8 and 13 mg/L , and at least 1 episode of PAF on ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring . Forty patients were r and omized to placebo ( placebo group ) and 40 to atorvastatin ( treatment group ) .  Plasma  CRP levels and ambulatory monitoring were repeated after 4 to 6 months of therapy . The 2 groups were comparable with respect to baseline characteristics , number of episodes of PAF , and baseline plasma CRP levels . The treatment group had lower median CRP levels at study end and experienced a significant reduction in the number of episodes of PAF compared with the placebo group . Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was completely resolved in 26 ( 65 % ) of 40 patients in the treatment group versus 4 ( 10 % ) of 40 in the placebo group . The treatment group exhibited a highly significant reduction in PAF ( P < .001 ) . By logistic regression , treatment with atorvastatin was an independent predictor of PAF resolution . CONCLUSIONS C-reactive protein lowering with atorvastatin appears to be effective in eliminating PAF during daily life in a significant proportion of patients
RESULTS Weight loss was associated with a decline in CRP level .
Our results suggest that weight loss may be an effective nonpharmacologic strategy for lowering CRP level
BACKGROUND Several studies suggest that weight loss reduces C-reactive protein ( CRP ) level ; however , the consistency and magnitude of this effect has not been well characterized .
Our objective was to test the hypothesis that weight loss is directly related to a decline in CRP level .