Resveratrol attenuates the inflammatory reaction induced by ischemia/reperfusion in the rat heart. An antiinflammatory and reactive oxygen species suppressive effects of an extract of Polygonum cuspidatum containing resveratrol. Resveratrol supplementation decreases blood glucose without changing the circulating CD14+CD16+ monocytes and inflammatory cytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. One-year supplementation with a grape extract containing resveratrol modulates inflammatory-related microRNAs and cytokines expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of type 2 diabetes and hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Resveratrol in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Pilot Study. Resveratrol levels and all-cause mortality in older community-dwelling adults. Resveratrol supplementation improves inflammatory biomarkers in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. One-year consumption of a grape nutraceutical containing resveratrol improves the inflammatory and fibrinolytic status of patients in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Resveratrol attenuates inflammation in the rat heart subjected to ischemia-reperfusion: Role of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Resveratrol attenuates inflammation and oxidative stress induced by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: role of Nrf2/ARE pathway. Effects of Polygonum Cuspidatum Containing Resveratrol on Inflammation in Male Professional Basketball Players Bilberry juice modulates plasma concentration of NF-κB related inflammatory markers in subjects at increased risk of CVD Mediator effects of parameters of inflammation and neurogenesis from a N-acetyl cysteine clinical-trial for bipolar depression. Supplementation with Resveratrol and Curcumin Does Not Affect the Inflammatory Response to a High-Fat Meal in Older Adults with Abdominal Obesity: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial. Aerobic exercise, but not flexibility/resistance exercise, reduces serum IL-18, CRP, and IL-6 independent of β-blockers, BMI, and psychosocial factors in older adults Grape Resveratrol Increases Serum Adiponectin and Downregulates Inflammatory Genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: A Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, One-Year Clinical Trial in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease Six months of resveratrol supplementation has no measurable effect in type 2 diabetic patients. A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial.
The role of resveratrol ( Res ) in inflammation induced by ischemia/reperfusion is not well understood . The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Res modulates neutrophil accumulation and tumor necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α ) induction in an ischemia/reperfusion-injured rat heart model . The rats were r and omly exposed to sham surgery , myocardial ischemia/reperfusion ( MI/R ) alone , MI/R + Res , MI/R + Res + L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester ( L-NAME ) and MI/R + Res + methylene blue ( MB ) . The results demonstrated that compared with MI/R , Res reduced the myocardial infa rct area , myocardial myeloperoxidase levels , serum creatinine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase levels , and serum and myocardial TNF-α production . All the effects of Res demonstrated were inhibited by L-NAME ( a nitric oxide ( NO ) synthase inhibitor ) and MB [ a cyclic guanosine monophosphate ( cGMP ) inhibitor ] . Thus , Res  produces cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory effects . These effects may be associated with an increase in NO production , the inhibition of neutrophil accumulation , TNF-α induction and cGMP signaling pathways in myocardium subjected to BACKGROUND Resveratrol have been shown to exert an antiinflammatory and antiaging effects in vitro and in animal models . OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of a Polygonum cuspidatum extract ( PCE ) containing resveratrol on oxidative and inflammatory stress in normal subjects . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Two groups ( 10 each ) of normal-weight healthy subjects were r and omized to placebo or PCE containing 40 mg resveratrol daily for 6 wk . Fasting blood sample s were obtained prior to and after treatment at 1 , 3 , and 6 wk . Mononuclear cells were prepared for reactive oxygen species generation , RNA isolation , nuclear extract , and total cell homogenate preparation . Indices of oxidative and inflammatory stress , suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 , phosphotyrosine phosphatase-1B , jun-N-terminal kinase-1 , and inhibitor of kappaB-kinase-beta were measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting . RESULTS The extract induced a significant reduction in reactive oxygen species generation , the expression of p47(phox ) , intranuclear nuclear factor-kappaB binding , and the expression of jun-N-terminal kinase-1 , inhibitor of kappaB-kinase-beta , phosphotyrosine phosphatase-1B , and suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 in mononuclear cells when compared with the baseline and the placebo . PCE intake also suppressed plasma concentrations of TNF-alpha , IL-6 , and C-reactive protein . There was no change in these indices in the control group given placebo . CONCLUSIONS The PCE-containing resveratrol has a comprehensive suppressive effect on oxidative and inflammatory stress Chronic low- grade inflammation is the hallmark of type 2 diabetes ( T2D ) . Although in vitro and animal studies have shown that resveratrol exerts anti-inflammatory effects , clinical trials addressing these effects in patients with T2D are limited . Therefore , in the present study , we hypothesized that supplementation of resveratrol might improve inflammatory markers in patients with T2D in a r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled clinical trial . A total of 45 T2D patients were supplemented with either of 800 mg/d resveratrol or placebo capsules for 8 weeks . Percentage of CD14+CD16 + monocytes , plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines ( tumor necrosis factor α , interleukin [ IL ] 1β , IL-6 , and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ) , the expression levels of genes involved in the inflammatory responses ( toll-like receptor 2 , toll-like receptor 4 , and nuclear factor κB ) , lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cytokine ( tumor necrosis factor α , IL-1β , and IL-6 ) secretion from peripheral blood mononuclear cells , and metabolic and anthropometric parameters were assessed at both the baseline level and the end of the study . Compared with the placebo group , we could not detect any significant difference in the percentage of CD14+CD16 + monocytes , lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine secretion , plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines , and the expression of inflammatory genes in resveratrol group . Moreover , we did not find any significant change in the metabolic and anthropometric parameters except for a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose and blood pressure . In conclusion , 8-week supplementation of resveratrol reduces blood glucose level in patients with T2D without improving their inflammatory markers Numerous studies have shown that resveratrol ( RES ) exerts anti-inflammatory effects but human trials evidencing these effects in vivo are limited . Furthermore , the molecular mechanisms triggered in humans following the oral intake of RES are not yet understood . Therefore , the purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( P BMC s ) associated to the one-year daily intake of a RES enriched ( 8 mg ) grape extract ( GE-RES ) in hypertensive male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) . We used microarrays and RT-PCR to analyze expression changes in genes and microRNAs ( miRs ) involved in the inflammatory response modulated by the consumption of GE-RES in comparison to a placebo and GE lacking RES . We also examined the changes in several serobiochemical variables , inflammatory and fibrinolytic markers . Our results showed that supplementation with GE or GE-RES did not affect body weight , blood pressure , glucose , HbA1c or lipids , beyond the values regulated by gold st and ard medication in these patients . We did not find either any significant change on serum inflammatory markers except for a significant reduction of ALP and IL-6 levels . The expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines CCL3 , IL-1β and TNF-α was significantly reduced and that of the transcriptional repressor LRRFIP-1 increased in P BMC s from patients taking the GE-RES extract . Also , a group of miRs involved in the regulation of the inflammatory response : miR-21 , miR-181b , miR-663 , miR-30c2 , miR-155 and miR-34a were found to be highly correlated and altered in the group consuming the GE-RES for 12 months . Our results provide preliminary evidence that long-term supplementation with a grape extract containing RES downregulates the expression of key pro-inflammatory cytokines with the involvement of inflammation-related miRs in circulating immune cells of T2DM hypertensive medicated patients and support a beneficial immunomodulatory effect in these patients BACKGROUND AND AIMS Ulcerative colitis ( UC ) is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory disease in which reducing pro-inflammatory and /or increasing anti-inflammatory molecules is the mainstay of treatment . The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with resveratrol as an antiinflammatory and antioxidant agent on inflammation and quality of life in patients with active UC . METHODS AND RESULTS In this r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study , 50 eligible patients with active mild to moderate UC were supplemented with either a 500-mg resveratrol or placebo capsule for 6 weeks . Serum inflammatory markers , activity of NF-κB in peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( P BMC ) and quality of life were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study . Resveratrol supplementation led to a significant reduction in plasma levels of TNF-α ( 19.70 ± 12.80 to 17.20 ± 10.09 pg/mL ) and hs-CRP ( 4764.25 ± 2260.48 to 2584.50 ± 1792.80 ng/mL ) and activity of NF-κB in P BMC s ( 0.19 ± 0.05 to 0.10 ± 0.04 OD ) ( p < 0.001 ) , whereas there were no significant changes of these factors in placebo group . Also , the score of inflammatory bowel disease question naire -9 ( IBDQ-9 ) increased , whereas the clinical colitis activity index score decreased significantly in the resveratrol group ( 32.72 ± 7.52 to 47.64 ± 8.59 ) ( p < 0.001 ) and when compared with the placebo group ( 35.54 ± 9.50 to 41.08 ± 6.59 ) ( p < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION Our results indicate that 6 weeks supplementation with 500 mg resveratrol can improve quality of life and disease clinical colitis activity at least partially through inflammation reduction in patients with UC . Whether these effects will be continued in longer duration of treatment remains to be determined IMPORTANCE Resveratrol , a polyphenol found in grapes , red wine , chocolate , and certain berries and roots , is considered to have antioxidant , anti-inflammatory , and anticancer effects in humans and is related to longevity in some lower organisms . OBJECTIVE To determine whether resveratrol levels achieved with diet are associated with inflammation , cancer , cardiovascular disease , and mortality in humans . DESIGN Prospect i ve cohort study , the Invecchiare in Chianti ( InCHIANTI ) Study ( " Aging in the Chianti Region " ) , 1998 to 2009 conducted in 2 villages in the Chianti area in a population -based sample of 783 community-dwelling men and women 65 years or older . EXPOSURES Twenty-four-hour urinary resveratrol metabolites . MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Primary outcome measure was all-cause mortality . Secondary outcomes were markers of inflammation ( serum C-reactive protein [ CRP ] , interleukin [IL]-6 , IL-1β , and tumor necrosis factor [ TNF ] ) and prevalent and incident cancer and cardiovascular disease . RESULTS Mean ( 95 % CI ) log total urinary resveratrol metabolite concentrations were 7.08 ( 6.69 - 7.48 ) nmol/g of creatinine . During 9 years of follow-up , 268 ( 34.3 % ) of the participants died . From the lowest to the highest quartile of baseline total urinary resveratrol metabolites , the proportion of participants who died from all causes was 34.4 % , 31.6 % , 33.5 % , and 37.4 % , respectively ( P = .67 ) . Participants in the lowest quartile had a hazards ratio for mortality of 0.80 ( 95 % CI , 0.54 - 1.17 ) compared with those in the highest quartile of total urinary resveratrol in a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model that adjusted for potential confounders . Resveratrol levels were not significantly associated with serum CRP , IL-6 , IL-1β , TNF , prevalent or incident cardiovascular disease , or cancer . CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In older community-dwelling adults , total urinary resveratrol metabolite concentration was not associated with inflammatory markers , cardiovascular disease , or cancer or predictive of all-cause mortality . Resveratrol levels achieved with a Western diet did not have a substantial influence on health status and mortality risk of the population in this study Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) is the most common chronic liver disease in the world . Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound with antioxidant capacity that shows beneficial effects on down-regulation of inflammatory mediators and metabolic disorders . We hypothesized that supplementation with resveratrol can further improve the efficacy of lifestyle modifications in the management of NAFLD . In this r and omized , double-blinded , controlled clinical trial , 50 NAFLD patients were supplemented with either a 500-mg resveratrol capsule or a placebo capsule for 12 weeks . Both groups were advised to follow an energy-balanced diet and received physical activity recommendations  . Serum liver enzymes , inflammatory markers , hepatic steatosis and fibrosis , dietary intake , anthropometric measurements , and physical activity were assessed at both baseline and the end of the study . In both groups , anthropometric measurements ( weight , body mass index , waist circumference ) , liver enzymes , and steatosis grade improved ( P < 005 ) . Resveratrol supplementation was associated with a significant reduction in liver enzyme alanine aminotransferase , inflammatory cytokines , nuclear factor κB activity , serum cytokeratin-18 , and hepatic steatosis grade , as compared with placebo supplementation ( P < .05 ) . For the treatment of NAFLD , our results showed that 12 weeks of supplementation of 500 mg resveratrol , along with lifestyle modification , is superior to lifestyle modification alone . This is at least partially due to the attenuation of inflammatory markers and hepatocellular apoptosis . More studies are needed to confirm and increase the clinical application of the present results The search for complementary treatments in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) is a high-priority challenge . Grape and wine polyphenol resveratrol confers CV benefits , in part by exerting anti-inflammatory effects . However , the evidence in human long-term clinical trials has yet to be established . We aim ed to investigate the effects of a dietary resveratrol-rich grape supplement on the inflammatory and fibrinolytic status of subjects at high risk of CVD and treated according to current guidelines for primary prevention of CVD . Seventy-five patients undergoing primary prevention of CVD participated in this triple-blinded , r and omized , parallel , dose-response , placebo-controlled , 1-year follow-up trial . Patients , allocated in 3 groups , consumed placebo ( maltodextrin ) , a resveratrol-rich grape supplement ( resveratrol 8 mg ) , or a conventional grape supplement lacking resveratrol , for the first 6 months and a double dose for the next 6 months . In contrast to placebo and conventional grape supplement , the resveratrol-rich grape supplement  significantly decreased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( -26 % , p = 0.03 ) , tumor necrosis factor-α ( -19.8 % , p = 0.01 ) , plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 ( -16.8 % , p = 0.03 ) , and interleukin-6/interleukin-10 ratio ( -24 % , p = 0.04 ) and increased anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 ( 19.8 % , p = 0.00 ) . Adiponectin ( 6.5 % , p = 0.07 ) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 ( -5.7 % , p = 0.06 ) tended to increase and decrease , respectively . No adverse effects were observed in any patient . In conclusion , 1-year consumption of a resveratrol-rich grape supplement  improved the inflammatory and fibrinolytic status in patients who were on statins for primary prevention of CVD and at high CVD risk ( i.e. , with diabetes or hypercholesterolemia plus ≥1 other CV risk factor ) . Our results show for the first time that a dietary intervention with grape resveratrol could complement the gold st and ard therapy in the primary prevention of CVD It has been previously reported that Toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF‑κB signaling mediates early inflammation during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion . It has additionally been suggested that resveratrol produces cardioprotective and anti‑inflammatory effects . The aim of the present study was to investigate whether resveratrol could modulate TLR4/NF‑κB signaling , reduce neutrophil accumulation and TNF‑α induction in an ischemia/reperfusion injured rat heart model . Rats were r and omly exposed to a sham operation , myocardial ischemia and reperfusion ( MI/R ) , MI/R + resveratrol or MI/R + resveratrol + L‑NAME . The data showed that following MI/R , the expression of myocardial TLR4 and NF‑κB increased significantly in the area of induced ischemia . As compared with MI/R , resveratrol significantly attenuated the expression of TLR4 and NF‑κB and reduced the levels of myeloperoxidase , serum and myocardial TNF‑α production , myocardial infa rct size and myocardial apoptosis induced by MI/R. All the effects of resveratrol were abolished upon application of L‑NAME , a nitric oxide ( NO ) synthase inhibitor . These data provide evidence that resveratrol inhibits TLR4/NF‑κB signaling in the rat heart subjected to MI/R , and the anti‑inflammatory effect of resveratrol is associated with NO production The protective role of resveratrol in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion is not well understood . The aim of this study was to investigate whether resveratrol modulates inflammation and oxidative stress and the possible role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element ( ARE ) pathway in an ischemia/reperfusion injured rat heart model . Rats were r and omly exposed to sham operation , myocardial ischemia/reperfusion ( MI/R ) alone , and MI/R + resveratrol . The results demonstrated that compared to MI/R , resveratrol improved cardiac function , reduced myocardial infa rct ion area , myocardial myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) levels , serum creatinine kinase ( CK ) and lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH ) levels .  Resveratrol also markedly enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) and glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-PX ) , and reduced the level of malondialdehyde ( MDA ) in MI/R rats . Resveratrol also enhanced levels of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 . In summary , these results demonstrated that resveratrol exerted significant antioxidant and cardioprotective effects following myocardial ischemia , possibly through the activation of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway Background : Exercise can lead to acute oxidative stress , which can result in oxidative damage and induce inflammation . Resveratrol may reduce the levels of inflammatory cytokines . Thus , we investigated the effects of this compound on the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α ) and interleukin 6 ( IL-6 ) in male professional basketball players . Methods : Twenty healthy male professional basketball players were r and omized into two groups ( 10 each ) . For 6 weeks , they received daily either 200 mg of polygonum cuspidatum extract ( PCE ) st and ardized to contain 20 % trans-resveratrol equivalent to 40 mg trans-resveratrol or placebo . Indices of inflammation were measured before and after 6 weeks of supplementation . Results : There was a significant reduction in plasma levels of TNF-a and IL-6 after 6 weeks of supplementation ; while no change was observed in these markers in the control group . Conclusions : Present study shows that 6 weeks of PCE containing resveratrol supplementation reduces the inflammation in male professional basketball players Purpose Bilberries are abundant in polyphenols . Dietary polyphenols have been associated with strategies for prevention and treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases . We investigated the effect of bilberry juice on serum and plasma biomarkers of inflammation and antioxidant status in subjects with elevated levels of at least one risk factor for cardiovascular disease ( CVD ) . Methods In a r and omized controlled trial , participants consumed either bilberry juice ( n = 31 ) or water ( n = 31 ) for 4 weeks . Results Supplementation with bilberry juice result ed in significant decreases in plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , interleukin (IL)-6 , IL-15 , and monokine induced by INF-γ ( MIG ) . Unexpectedly , an increase in the plasma concentration of tumor nuclear factor-α ( TNF-α ) was observed in the bilberry group . CRP , IL-6 , IL15 , MIG , and TNF-α are all target genes of nuclear factor- kappa B ( NF-κB ) , —a transcription factor that is crucial in orchestrating inflammatory responses . Plasma quercetin and p-coumaric acid increased in the bilberry group , otherwise no differences were observed for clinical parameters , oxidative stress or antioxidant status . Furthermore , we studied the effect of polyphenols from bilberries on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NF-κB activation in a monocytic cell line . We observed that quercetin , epicatechin , and resveratrol inhibited NF-κB activation . Conclusions These findings suggest that supplementation with bilberry polyphenols may modulate the inflammation processes . Further testing of bilberry supplementation as a potential strategy in prevention and treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases is warranted OBJECTIVE This study aim ed to explore effects of adjunctive treatment with N-acetyl cysteine ( NAC ) on markers of inflammation and neurogenesis in bipolar depression . METHODS This is a secondary analysis of a placebo-controlled r and omised trial . Serum sample s were collected at baseline , week 8 , and week 32 of the open-label and maintenance phases of the clinical trial to determine changes in interleukin (IL)-6 , IL-8 , IL-10 , tumour necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α ) , C-reactive protein ( CRP ) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF ) following adjunctive NAC treatment , and to explore mediation and moderator effects of the listed markers . RESULTS Levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF ) , tumour necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α ) , C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , interleukins ( IL ) -6 , 8 , or 10 were not significantly changed during the course of the trial or specifically in the open-label and maintenance phases . There were no mediation or moderation effects of the biological factors on the clinical parameters . CONCLUSION The results suggest that these particular biological parameters may not be directly involved in the therapeutic mechanism of action of adjunctive NAC in bipolar depression Background High-fat meals induce postpr and ial inflammation . Resveratrol is a polyphenol known to prevent comorbidities associated with cardiovascular disease and exerts an anti-inflammatory action . There is also an increasing body of evidence supporting the role of curcumin , a polyphenol from the curcuminoid family , as a modulator of proinflammatory processes . Objective The objectives of this study were to investigate the following : 1 ) the bioavailability of resveratrol consumed in combination with curcumin after consumption of a high-fat meal ; and 2 ) the acute combined effects of this combination on the postpr and ial inflammatory response of subjects with abdominal obesity . Methods In a double blind , crossover , r and omized , placebo-controlled study , 11 men and 11 postmenopausal women [ mean ± SD age : 62 ± 5 y ; mean ± SD body mass index ( in kg/m2 ) : 29 ± 3 ] underwent a 6-h oral fat tolerance test on 2 occasions separated by 1 - 2 wk : once after consumption of a dietary supplement ( 200 mg resveratrol and 100 mg curcumin , Res/Cur ) and once after consumption of a placebo ( cellulose ) . Plasma concentrations of total resveratrol and its major metabolites as well as inflammatory markers , adhesion molecules , and whole blood NFκB1 and PPARA gene expression were measured during both fat tolerance tests . Results Kinetics of resveratrol and identified metabolites revealed rapid absorption patterns but also relatively limited bioavailability based on free resveratrol concentrations . Supplementation with Res/Cur did not modify postpr and ial variations in circulating inflammatory markers ( C-reactive protein , IL-6 , IL-8 , monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ) and adhesion molecules [ soluble E-selectin , soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 ( sVCAM-1 ) , soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 ] compared to placebo ( PTreatment × Time > 0.05 ) . However , Res/Cur significantly decreased the cumulative postpr and ial response of sVCAM-1 , compared to placebo ( incremental area under the curve -4643 % , P = 0.01 ) . Postpr and ial variations of whole-blood PPARA and NFKB1 gene expression were not different between Res/Cur and placebo treatments . Conclusions Acute supplementation with Res/Cur has no impact on the postpr and ial inflammation response to a high-fat meal in abdominally obese older adults . Further studies are warranted to examine how resveratrol and curcumin may alter the vascular response to a high-fat meal . This trial was registered at clinical trials.gov as NCT01964846 Increased serum levels of inflammatory mediators have been associated with numerous disease states including atherosclerosis , Type II diabetes , hypertension , depression , and overall mortality . We hypothesized that a long-term exercise intervention among older adults would reduce serum inflammatory cytokines , and this reduction would be mediated , in part , by improvements in psychosocial factors and /or by beta-adrenergic receptor mechanisms . Adults age 64 were r and omly assigned to either an aerobic exercise treatment ( CARDIO ) or a flexibility/strength exercise treatment ( FLEX ) 3 days/week , 45 min/day for 10 months . A subgroup of subjects treated with non-selective beta(1)beta(2 ) adrenergic antagonists were included to evaluate the potential role of beta-adrenergic receptor adaptations as mediators of an exercise-induced change in inflammation . The inflammatory mediators [ C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , IL-6 , tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha , and IL-18 ] and the psychosocial factors ( depression , perceived stress , optimism , sense of coherence , and social support ) were measured pre- and post-intervention . The CARDIO treatment result ed in significant reductions in serum CRP , IL-6 , and IL-18 compared to the FLEX treatment ( significant treatment x time interaction , p<.05 ) , whereas TNFalpha declined in both groups ( main effect of time , p=.001 ) . However , several psychosocial factors ( depression , optimism , and sense of coherence ) improved in both groups suggesting that the reduction of CRP , IL-6 , and IL-18 in the CARDIO group was not mediated by improvements in psychosocial scores . With respect to the potential role of beta-adrenergic receptors , both CARDIO subjects treated with beta-adrenergic antagonists and those who were not treated with those medications demonstrated similar reductions in serum CRP , IL-6 , IL-18 , and TNFalpha . In summary , we have observed that an aerobic exercise intervention can significantly reduce serum inflammatory mediators , but beta-adrenergic receptors and psychosocial factors do not appear to be involved Purpose The grape and wine polyphenol resveratrol exerts cardiovascular benefits but evidence from r and omized human clinical trials is very limited . We investigated dose-depending effects of a resveratrol-containing grape supplement on stable patients with coronary artery disease ( CAD ) treated according to currently accepted guidelines for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease . Methods In a triple-blind , r and omized , placebo-controlled , one-year follow-up , 3-arm pilot clinical trial , 75 stable-CAD patients received 350 mg/day of placebo , resveratrol-containing grape extract ( grape phenolics plus 8 mg resveratrol ) or conventional grape extract lacking resveratrol during 6 months , and a double dose for the following 6 months . Changes in circulating inflammatory and fibrinolytic biomarkers were analyzed . Moreover , the transcriptional profiling of inflammatory genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( P BMC s ) was explored using microarrays and functional gene expression analysis . Results After 1 year , in contrast to the placebo and conventional grape extract groups , the resveratrol-containing grape extract group showed an increase of the anti-inflammatory serum adiponectin ( 9.6 % , p = 0.01 ) and a decrease of the thrombogenic plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 ( PAI-1 ) ( −18.6 % , p = 0.05 ) . In addition , 6 key inflammation-related transcription factors were predicted to be significantly activated or inhibited , with 27 extracellular-space acting genes involved in inflammation , cell migration and T-cell interaction signals presenting downregulation ( p < 0.05 ) in P BMC s. No adverse effects were detected in relation to the study products . Conclusions Chronic daily consumption of a resveratrol-containing grape nutraceutical could exert cardiovascular benefits in stable-CAD patients treated according to current evidence -based st and ards , by increasing serum adiponectin , preventing PAI-1 increase and inhibiting atherothrombotic signals in P BMC The polyphenol resveratrol is considered to exert many beneficial actions , such as antioxidant , anti-inflammatory , insulin-sensitizer and anticancer effects . Its benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) are controversial . Our aims were to determine whether resveratrol supplementation at two different dosages ( 500 and 40mg/day ) for 6 months i ) reduced the concentrations of C-reactive-protein ( CRP ) and ii ) ameliorated the metabolic pattern of T2DM patients .  In the present double-blind , r and omized , placebo-controlled trial , 192 T2DM patients were r and omized to receive resveratrol 500mg/day ( Resv500arm ) , resveratrol 40mg/day ( Resv40arm ) or placebo for 6-months . At baseline and at the trial end , CRP values , anthropometric , metabolic and liver parameters were determined . No serious adverse event occurred . A dose-dependent , though not significant , CRP decrease of 5.6 % ( Resv40arm ) and 15.9 % ( Resv500arm ) was observed vs placebo . We failed to detect significant differences in weight , BMI , waist circumference , and values of arterial blood pressure , fasting glucose , glycated hemoglobin , insulin , C-peptide , free fatty acids , liver transaminases , uric acid , adiponectin , interleukin-6 , in both the Resv500 and Resv40 arms vs placebo . Total cholesterol and triglycerides slightly increased in the Resv500arm . Subgroup analyses revealed that lower diabetes duration ( in both Resv500 and Resv40arms ) , and , in the Resv500arm , younger age , aspirin use and being a smoker were associated with a significantly higher CRP reduction vs placebo . The supplementations with 40mg/day or 500mg/day resveratrol did neither reduce CRP concentrations , nor improve the metabolic pattern of T2DM patients
Conclusion The analysis indicated possible decreasing effect of resveratrol on CRP , but it might not be able to change IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations .
Background Resveratrol as a polyphenolic compound might be able to reduce inflammatory mediators .
Change in inflammatory state is identified by the measurement of inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) , tumor necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF-α ) , and C-reactive protein ( CRP ) .
The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta- analysis on r and omized controlled trials that assessed the effect of resveratrol on concentration of serum inflammatory mediators .