Does supplementation with green tea extract improve insulin resistance in obese type 2 diabetics? A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. Green tea extract reduces blood pressure, inflammatory biomarkers, and oxidative stress and improves parameters associated with insulin resistance in obese, hypertensive patients. Effect of green tea extract on obese women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Diet supplementation with green tea extract epigallocatechin gallate prevents progression to glucose intolerance in db/db mice Green Tea Extract and Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Genotype Modify Fasting Serum Insulin and Plasma Adiponectin Concentrations in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Overweight and Obese Postmenopausal Women. Phase I study of green tea extract in patients with advanced lung cancer Effects of Green Tea Extract on Insulin Resistance and Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Lipid Abnormalities: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, and Placebo-Controlled Trial Long-Term Supplementation of Green Tea Extract Does Not Modify Adiposity or Bone Mineral Density in a Randomized Trial of Overweight and Obese Postmenopausal Women. A Randomized Controlled Trial of Green Tea Extract Supplementation and Mammographic Density in Postmenopausal Women at Increased Risk of Breast Cancer The safety of green tea extract supplementation in postmenopausal women at risk for breast cancer: results of the Minnesota Green Tea Trial. The Effect of Ginkgo biloba and Camellia sinensis Extracts on Psychological State and Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus No effects of three-week consumption of a green tea extract on time trial performance in endurance-trained men. Effect of green tea on resting energy expenditure and substrate oxidation during weight loss in overweight females. The effect of an extract of green and black tea on glucose control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: double-blind randomized study. Phase II Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Green Tea Extract in Patients with High-Risk Oral Premalignant Lesions Does supplementation with green tea extract improve acne in post-adolescent women? A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. Green tea extract supplementation gives protection against exercise-induced oxidative damage in healthy men.
BACKGROUND Green tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world . It is believed to have beneficial effects in the prevention and treatment of many diseases , one of which is type 2 diabetes . The aim of the study is to examine the effect of a decaffeinated green tea extract ( GTE ) providing a daily dose of 856 mg of epigallocatechin gallate ( EGCG ) on obese individuals with type 2 diabetes . MATERIAL S AND METHODS The clinical trial was a r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted from December 2007 through November 2008 . The subjects were r and omly assigned to either receive 1,500 mg of a decaffeinated GTE or placebo daily for 16 weeks . Sixty-eight of 80 subjects , ages 20 - 65 years with BMI > 25 kg/m2 and type 2 diabetes for more than one year , completed this study .  Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR ) was used as the major outcome measurement . At baseline and after 16 weeks of treatment , anthropometric measurements , fasting glucose , hemoglobin A1C percent ( HbA1C ) , hormone peptides , and plasma lipoproteins were measured from both groups . RESULTS No statistically significant differences were detected between the decaffeinated GTE and placebo groups in any measured variable . A statistically significant within-group 0.4-percent reduction in HbA1C ( from 8.4 to 8.0 % ) was observed after GTE treatment compared to baseline . Within-group comparison also revealed that the GTE group had significant reductions in waist circumference ( WC ) , HOMA-IR index , and insulin level , and a significant increase in the level of ghrelin . Within-group comparison of those in the placebo group showed a significant increase in the level of ghrelin . CONCLUSIONS This study found no statistical difference in any measured variable between the decaffeinated GTE and placebo groups ; however , there were some statistically significant within-group changes detected . More research is required to determine whether a decaffeinated GTE st and ardized for EGCG content will provide any clinical benefits in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes . Clinical Trial Registration NO : NCT00567905 Green tea ( GT ) consumption is known to be associated with enhanced cardiovascular and metabolic health . The purpose of this study is to examine the hypothesis that supplementation with GT alters insulin resistance and associated cardiovascular risk factors in obese , hypertensive patients . In a double-blind , placebo-controlled trial , 56 obese , hypertensive subjects were r and omized to receive a daily supplement of 1 capsule that contained either 379 mg of GT extract ( GTE ) or a matching placebo , for 3 months . At baseline and after 3 months of treatment , the anthropometric parameters , blood pressure , plasma lipid levels , glucose levels , creatinine levels , tumor necrosis factor α levels , C-reactive protein levels , total antioxidant status , and insulin levels were assessed . Insulin resistance was evaluated according to the homeostasis model assessment -insulin resistance protocol . After 3 months of supplementation , both systolic and diastolic blood pressures had significantly decreased in the GTE group as compared with the placebo group ( P < .01 ) . Considerable ( P < .01 ) reductions in fasting serum glucose and insulin levels and insulin resistance were observed in the GTE group when compared with the placebo group . Serum tumor necrosis factor α and C-reactive protein were significantly lower , whereas total antioxidant status increased in the GTE group compared with the placebo ( P < .05 ) . Supplementation also contributed to significant ( P < .05 ) decreases in the total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides , but an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol . In conclusion , daily supplementation with 379 mg of GTE favorably influences blood pressure , insulin resistance , inflammation and oxidative stress , and lipid profile in patients with obesity-related hypertension AIMS To examine the effect of green tea extract ( GTE ) on obese women and to explore the relationship between GTE and obesity-related hormone peptides . METHODS A r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted from July 2006 to June 2007 in Taipei Hospital , Taiwan . Seventy-eight of 100 obese women aged between 16 and 60 years with BMI > 27 kg/m(2 ) and who had not received any other weight control maneuvers within the last 3 months completed this study . The subjects were r and omly divided into Groups A and B. Group A ( n=41 ) received GTE while Group B ( n=37 ) took cellulose as a placebo , one capsule ( 400 mg ) three times each day for 12 weeks . The body weight ( BW ) , body mass index ( BMI ) and waist circumflex ( WC ) were measured at the beginning of the study and after 12 weeks of treatment with GTE . The data were compared and expressed as % reduction . RESULTS There was only a 0.3 % reduction in BW ( 0.15 kg ) after 12 weeks of treatment with GTE . There was no statistical difference in % reduction in BW , BMI and WC between the GTE and placebo groups . Within group comparison revealed that the GTE group had significant reduction in LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride , and marked increase in the level of HDL-cholesterol , adiponectin and ghrelin . On the other h and , the placebo group showed significant reduction in triglyceride only , and a marked increase in the level of ghrelin alone . CONCLUSIONS This study showed no statistical difference in % reduction in BW , BMI and WC between the GTE and placebo groups after 12 weeks of treatment . The intake of GTE ( 491 mg catechins containing 302 mg EGCG ) for 12 weeks is considered safe as shown by the results Background Green tea was suggested as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetes more than 70 years ago , but the mechanisms behind its antidiabetic effect remains elusive . In this work , we address this issue by feeding a green tea extract ( TEAVIGO ™ ) with a high content of epigallocatechin gallate ( EGCG ) or the thiazolidinedione PPAR-γ agonist rosiglitazone , as positive control , to db/db mice , an animal model for diabetes . Methods Young ( 7 week-old ) db/db mice were r and omized and assigned to receive diets supplemented with or without EGCG or rosiglitazone for 10 weeks . Fasting blood glucose , body weight and food intake was measured along the treatment . Glucose and insulin levels were determined during an oral glucose tolerance test after 10 weeks of treatment . Pancreata were sample d at the end of the study for blinded histomorphometric analysis . Islets were isolated and their mRNA expression analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR . Results The results show that , in db/db mice , EGCG  improves glucose tolerance and increases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion . EGCG supplementation reduces the number of pathologically changed islets of Langerhans , increases the number and the size of islets , and heightens pancreatic endocrine area . These effects occurred in parallel with a reduction in islet endoplasmic reticulum stress markers , possibly linked to the antioxidative capacity of EGCG . Conclusions This study shows that the green tea extract EGCG markedly preserves islet structure and enhances glucose tolerance in genetically diabetic mice . Dietary supplementation with EGCG could potentially contribute to nutritional strategies for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes BACKGROUND Green tea consumption has been associated with favorable changes in body weight and obesity-related hormones , although it is not known whether these changes result from green tea polyphenols or caffeine . OBJECTIVE We examined the impact of decaffeinated green tea extract ( GTE ) containing 843 mg of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on anthropometric variables , obesity-associated hormones , and glucose homeostasis . METHODS The Minnesota Green Tea Trial was a 12-mo r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled clinical trial of 937 healthy postmenopausal women assigned to either decaffeinated GTE ( 1315 mg total catechins/d ) or a placebo  , stratified by catechol-O-methyltransferase ( COMT ) genotype . This study was conducted in a subset of 237 overweight and obese participants [ body mass index ( BMI ) ≥25 kg/m(2 ) ] . RESULTS No changes in energy intake , body weight , BMI , or waist circumference ( WC ) were observed over 12 mo in women taking GTE ( n = 117 ) or placebo ( n = 120 ) . No differences were seen in circulating leptin , ghrelin , adiponectin , or glucose concentrations at month 12 . Participants r and omly assigned to GTE with baseline insulin ≥10 μIU/mL ( n = 23 ) had a decrease in fasting serum insulin from baseline to month 12 ( -1.43 ± 0.59 μIU/mL ) , whereas those r and omly assigned to placebo with baseline insulin ≥10 μIU/mL ( n = 19 ) had an increase in insulin over 12 mo ( 0.55 ± 0.64 μIU/mL , P < 0.01 ) . Participants with the homozygous high-activity ( G/G ) form of COMT had significantly lower adiponectin ( 5.97 ± 0.50 compared with 7.58 ± 0.53 μg/mL , P = 0.03 ) and greater insulin concentrations ( 7.63 ± 0.53 compared with 6.18 ± 0.36 μIU/mL , P = 0.02 ) at month 12 compared with those with the low-activity ( A/A ) genotype , regardless of treatment group . CONCLUSIONS Decaffeinated GTE was not associated with reductions in body weight , BMI , or WC and did not alter energy intake or mean hormone concentrations in healthy postmenopausal women over 12 mo . GTE decreased fasting insulin concentrations in those with elevated baseline fasting concentrations . The high-activity form of the COMT enzyme may be associated with elevations in insulin and a reduction in adiponectin concentrations over time . This trial was registered at http://www . clinical trials.gov as NCT00917735 Purpose Epidemiologic studies suggest that consumption of green tea may have a protective effect against the development of several cancers . Pre clinical studies of green tea and its polyphenolic components have demonstrated antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic activity , and inhibition of growth of tumor cell lines and animal tumor models , including lung cancer . Green tea may also have chemopreventive properties , and enhancement of cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents has been demonstrated . This trial was design ed to determine the maximum tolerated dose ( MTD ) of green tea extract ( GTE ) in patients with advanced lung cancer . Methods A total of 17 patients with advanced lung cancer were registered to receive once-daily oral dosing of GTE at a starting dose of 0.5 g/m2 per day , with an accelerated dose-escalation scheme . Results On this schedule , the MTD of GTE was 3 g/m2 per day , and at this dose ,  GTE  was well tolerated with no grade 3 or 4 toxicity seen . Dose-limiting toxicities were diarrhea , nausea and hypertension . No objective responses were seen in this trial . Seven patients had stable disease ranging from 4 to 16 weeks ; no patient remained on therapy longer than 16 weeks due to the development of progressive disease . Conclusions This study suggests that while relatively nontoxic at a dose of 3 g/m2 per day , GTE likely has limited activity as a cytotoxic agent , and further study of GTE as a single-agent in established malignancies may not be warranted . Further studies should focus on the potential chemopreventive and chemotherapy-enhancing properties of GTE The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of green tea extract on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and lipid abnormalities on glycemic and lipid profiles , and hormone peptides by a double-blinded , r and omized and placebo-controlled clinical trial . This trial enrolled 92 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and lipid abnormalities r and omized into 2 arms , each arm comprising 46 participants . Of the participants , 39 in therapeutic arm took 500 mg green tea extract , three times a day , while 38 in control arm took cellulose with the same dose and frequency to complete the 16-week study . Anthropometrics measurements , glycemic and lipid profiles , safety parameters , and obesity-related hormone peptides were analyzed at screening and after 16-week course . Within-group comparisons showed that green tea extract caused a significant decrease in triglyceride and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index after 16 weeks . Green tea extract also increased significantly high density lipoprotein cholesterol . The HOMA-IR index decreased from 5.4±3.9 to 3.5±2.0 in therapeutic arm only . Adiponectin , apolipoprotein A1 , and apolipoprotein B100 increased significantly in both arms , but only glucagon-like peptide 1 increased in the therapeutic arm . However , only decreasing trend in triglyceride was found in between-group comparison . Our study suggested that green tea extract significantly improved insulin resistance and increased glucagon-like peptide 1 only in within-group comparison . The potential effects of green tea extract on insulin resistance and glucagon-like peptide 1 warrant further investigation . Trial Registration Clinical Trials.gov BACKGROUND Green tea extract ( GTE ) consumption has been linked to favorable changes in adiposity and bone mineral density ( BMD ) , although it is unknown if these effects are due to green tea catechins or caffeine . The catechol-O-methyltransferase ( COMT ) genotype may also modify these associations . OBJECTIVE We examined the impact of decaffeinated GTE on body composition ( using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ) and obesity-associated hormones . METHODS The Minnesota Green Tea Trial was a 12-mo r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled clinical trial in 937 postmenopausal women ( aged 50 - 70 y ) assigned to receive either GTE containing 843 mg (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate or placebo . This sub study was conducted in 121 overweight/obese participants [ body mass index ( BMI ) ( kg/m(2 ) ) ≥25.0 ] . RESULTS There were no differences in changes in BMI ( -0.13 ± 0.11 compared with -0.05 ± 0.11 ; P = 0.61 ) , total fat mass ( -0.30 ± 0.16 compared with -0.12 ± 0.15 kg ; P = 0.40 ) , percentage of body fat ( -0.15 % ± 0.17 % compared with -0.15 % ± 0.16 % ; P = 0.99 ) , or BMD ( -0.006 ± 0.002 compared with -0.003 ± 0.002 g/cm(2 ) ; P = 0.49 ) over 12 mo between women taking GTE ( n = 61 ) and those taking a placebo ( n = 60 ) . Interactions were observed between treatment and time for gynoid percentage of fat ( % fat ) and tissue % fat . Gynoid % fat increased from baseline to month 12 in the placebo group as baseline BMI increased and decreased over time as baseline BMI increased in the GTE group ( P-interaction = 0.02 ) . Tissue % fat increased from baseline to month 12 in the placebo group as baseline BMI increased . In the GTE  group , tissue % fat decreased during the intervention as baseline BMI increased ( P-interaction = 0.04 ) . No changes were seen in circulating leptin , ghrelin , adiponectin , or insulin concentrations . COMT genotype did not modify the effect of GTE on any variable . CONCLUSIONS Decaffeinated GTE was not associated with overall reductions in adiposity or improvements in BMD in overweight/obese postmenopausal women . However , GTE may be beneficial for reduction in tissue and gynoid % fat in individuals with higher BMI . This clinical trial was registered at www . clinical trials.gov as NCT00917735 Epidemiologic and animal studies suggest a protective role of green tea against breast cancer . However , the underlying mechanism is not understood . We conducted a r and omized , double-blinded , placebo-controlled phase II clinical trial to investigate whether supplementation with green tea extract ( GTE ) modifies mammographic density ( MD ) , as a potential mechanism , involving 1,075 healthy postmenopausal women . Women assigned to the treatment arm consumed daily 4 decaffeinated GTE capsules containing 1,315 mg total catechins , including 843 mg epigallocatechin-3-gallate ( EGCG ) for 12 months . A computer-assisted method ( Madena ) was used to assess MD in digital mammograms at baseline and month 12 time points in 932 completers ( 462 in GTE and 470 in placebo ) . GTE supplementation for 12 months did not significantly change percent MD ( PMD ) or absolute MD in all women . In younger women ( 50–55 years ) , GTE supplementation significantly reduced PMD by 4.40 % as compared with the placebo with a 1.02 % PMD increase from pre- to postintervention ( P = 0.05 ) , but had no effect in older women ( Pinteraction = 0.07 ) . GTE supplementation did not induce MD change in other subgroups of women stratified by catechol-O-methyltransferase genotype or level of body mass index . In conclusion , 1-year supplementation with a high dose of EGCG did not have a significant effect on MD measures in all women , but reduced PMD in younger women , an age-dependent effect similar to those of tamoxifen . Further investigation of the potential chemopreventive effect of green tea intake on breast cancer risk in younger women is warranted . Cancer Prev Res ; 10(12 ) ; 710–8 . © 2017 AACR Green tea is thought to provide health benefits , though adverse reactions to green tea extract ( GTE ) have been reported . We conducted a r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study of GTE on breast cancer biomarkers , including mammographic density , in which 1075 postmenopausal women were r and omly assigned to consume GTE containing 843 mg (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate ( EGCG ) or placebo daily for one year . There were no significant differences in % of women with adverse events ( AEs , 75.6 % and 72.8 % of the GTE group and placebo group , respectively ) or serious AEs ( 2.2 % and 1.5 % of GTE and placebo groups , respectively ) . Women on GTE reported significantly higher incidence of nausea ( P < 0.001 ) and dermatologic AEs ( P = 0.05 ) and significantly lower diarrhea incidence ( P = 0.02 ) . More women in the GTE group experienced an alanine aminotransferase ( ALT ) elevation compared with placebo group ( n = 36 , ( 6.7 % ) vs. n = 4 , ( 0.7 % ) ; P < 0.001 ) . There were no statistically significant differences between groups in frequencies of other AEs . Overall , AEs were mainly mild and transient , indicating that daily consumption of GTE containing 843 mg EGCG is generally well tolerated by a group of predominantly Caucasian postmenopausal women . However , 6.7 % of GTE consumers experienced ALT elevations , with 1.3 % experiencing ALT-related serious AEs Interest in finding natural antioxidants for use in food or medical material s to prevent free radical imbalance has increased considerably over the past years . The aim of this research was to evaluate changes in glycemic control and psychological state of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) after use of antioxidant plant preparations .  Fifty-six patients with T2DM were r and omly allocated to receive st and ardized Ginkgo biloba L. leaves dry extract , green tea dry extract , or placebo capsules .  Diabetes glycemic control measured as glycated hemoglobin ( HbA1c ) level , antioxidant state and psychological data were evaluated at baseline , after 9 and 18 months of using either antioxidant preparations or placebo . The level of perceived stress lowered significantly after 9 months ( p=0.038 ) and 18 months ( p=0.030 ) , and the psychological aspect of quality of life significantly improved after 18 months ( p=0.019 ) of use of G. biloba extract . No significant differences were detected after using green tea extract . In patients using placebo , significant lowering of HbA1c level was observed after 18 months ( p=0.017 ) . In conclusion , antioxidant G. biloba leaf extract exhibited a mild effect on psychological state and a trend of improving glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of three-week consumption of green tea extract ( GTE ) supplementation on time trial performance and metabolism during cycling in endurance athletes . Nine endurance-trained men participated in this double-blind and placebo-controlled cross-over study . At the end of the supplementation period with GTE ( 159 mg/day total catechins ) or placebo , respectively , subjects cycled at 50 % of the individual maximal power output for 2 hours , followed by a 30-minute time trial . Respiratory gas exchange , fatty acids , 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate , lactate , glucose , interleukin-6 , thiobarbituric acid reactive substances , creatine kinase , and C-reactive protein ( CRP ) were measured 1 hour before , during , and 1 hour after the exercise test . Blood lipids were measured at rest before cycling . There was no significant effect on performance , energy metabolism , or any other measured parameter , except for CRP , which was significantly reduced ( p = 0.045 ) after GTE supplementation compared to placebo . GTE supplementation did not affect time trial performance and energy metabolism in endurance-trained men in the non-fasting state . Further studies with athletes , particularly in the fed state , but with higher GTE doses , are needed to address the question whether green tea may influence energy metabolism and performance in athletes We assessed the effect of ingestion of green tea ( GT ) extract along with a low-energy diet ( LED ) on resting energy expenditure ( REE ) , substrate oxidation and body weight as GT has been shown to increase energy expenditure and fat oxidation in the short term in both animals and people . Forty-six overweight women ( BMI 27.6 ( sd 1.8 ) kg/m2 ) were fed in energy balance from day 1 to day 3 , followed by a LED with GT ( 1125 mg tea catechins + 225 mg caffeine/d ) or placebo ( PLAC ) from day 4 to day 87 . Caffeine intake was st and ardised to 300 mg/d . Energy expenditure was measured on days 4 and 32 . Reductions in weight ( 4.19 ( sd 2.0 ) kg PLAC , 4.21 ( sd 2.7 ) kg GT ) , BMI , waist : hip ratio , fat mass and fat-free mass were not statistically different between treatments . REE as a function of fat-free mass and fat mass was significantly reduced over 32 d in the PLAC group ( P<0.05 ) but not in the GT group . Dietary restraint increased over time ( P<0.001 ) in both groups , whereas disinhibition and general hunger decreased ( P<0.05 ) . The GT group became more hungry over time and less thirsty , and showed increased prospect i ve food consumption compared with PLAC ( P<0.05 ) . Taken together , the ingestion of GT along with a LED had no additional benefit for any measures of body weight or body composition . Although the decrease in REE as a function of fat-free mass and fat mass was not significant with GT treatment , whereas it was with PLAC treatment , no significant effect of treatment over time was seen , suggesting that a robust limitation of REE reduction during a LED was not achieved by GT Recent evidence suggests that tea from Camellia sinensis ( eg , green , oolong , and black tea ) may have a hypoglycemic effect . We evaluated the ability of an extract of green and black tea to improve glucose control over a 3-month period . A double-blind , placebo-controlled , r and omized multiple-dose ( 0 , 375 , or 750 mg per day for 3 months ) study in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus not taking insulin was performed . The primary end point was change in glycosylated hemoglobin at 3 months . The 49 subjects who completed this study were predominantly white with an average age of 65 years and a median duration of diabetes of 6 years , and 80 % of them reported using hypoglycemic medication .  After 3 months , the mean changes in glycosylated hemoglobin were + 0.4 ( 95 % confidence interval , 0.2 - 0.6 ) , + 0.3 ( 0.1 - 0.5 ) , and + 0.5 ( 0.1 - 0.9 ) in the placebo , 375-mg , and 750-mg arms , respectively . The changes were not significantly different between study arms . We did not find a hypoglycemic effect of extract of green and black tea in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus Epidemiologic and pre clinical data support the oral cancer prevention potential of green tea extract ( GTE ) . We r and omly assigned patients with high-risk oral premalignant lesions ( OPL ) to receive GTE at 500 , 750 , or 1,000 mg/m2 or placebo thrice daily for 12 weeks , evaluating biomarkers in baseline and 12-week biopsies . The OPL clinical response rate was higher in all GTE arms ( n = 28 ; 50 % ) versus placebo ( n = 11 ; 18.2 % ; P = 0.09 ) but did not reach statistical significance . However , the two higher-dose GTE arms [ 58.8 % ( 750 and 1,000 mg/m2 ) , 36.4 % ( 500 mg/m2 ) , and 18.2 % ( placebo ) ; P = 0.03 ] had higher responses , suggesting a dose-response effect . GTE treatment also improved histology ( 21.4 % versus 9.1 % ; P = 0.65 ) , although not statistically significant . GTE was well tolerated , although higher doses increased insomnia/nervousness but produced no grade 4 toxicity . Higher mean baseline stromal vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) correlated with a clinical ( P = 0.04 ) but not histologic response . Baseline scores of other biomarkers ( epithelial VEGF , p53 , Ki-67 , cyclin D1 , and p16 promoter methylation ) were not associated with a response or survival . Baseline p16 promoter methylation ( n = 5 ) was associated with a shorter cancer-free survival . Stromal VEGF and cyclin D1 expression were downregulated in clinical ly responsive GTE patients and upregulated in nonresponsive patients at 12 weeks ( versus at baseline ) . An extended ( median , 27.5 months ) follow-up showed a median time to oral cancer of 46.4 months . GTE may suppress OPLs , in part through reducing angiogenic stimulus ( stromal VEGF ) . Higher doses of GTE may improve short-term ( 12-week ) OPL outcome . The present results support longer-term clinical testing of GTE for oral cancer prevention BACKGROUND Green tea is believed to have beneficial effects in the prevention and treatment of acne . OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of a decaffeinated green tea extract ( GTE ) , providing a daily dose of 856 mg of epigallocatechin gallate ( EGCG ) upon women with post-adolescent acne . METHODS A r and omized , double-blind , placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted from May 2012 through October 2013 . A final group of 80 subjects were r and omly assigned to receive either 1500 mg of decaffeinated GTE or placebo ( cellulose ) daily for 4 weeks . Inflammatory lesion counts were used as the major outcome measurement . At baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment , anthropometric measurements , fasting glucose levels and a lipid profile were measured from both groups . RESULTS Sixty-four of 80 women , from 25 to 45 years of age with moderate-to-severe acne completed the study . Statistically significant differences were noted in inflammatory lesion counts distributed on the nose , periorally and on the chin between the two groups . However , there were no significant differences between groups for total lesion counts . Within-group comparison revealed that the GTE group had significant reductions in inflammatory lesions distributed on the forehead and cheek , and significant reductions in total lesion counts . GTE result ed in significant reductions in total cholesterol levels within the GTE group . CONCLUSIONS GTE result ed in significant reductions in lesions located on the nose , perioral area and chin . More research is required to determine whether a decaffeinated GTE st and ardized for EGCG content will provide clinical benefits in women with post-adolescent acne The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a long-term ( 4-week ) green tea extract ( GTE ) supplementation in combination with strength training on selected blood markers of oxidative stress and muscular damage after a short-term exercise in previously untrained men . We hypothesized that GTE supplementation would elevate antioxidant potential and attenuate exercise-induced oxidative stress and muscular damage .  Thirty-five male students were exposed to 4 weeks of strength training  and received ( in a r and omized , double-blind design ) GTE ( n = 17 ; 640 mg polyphenols/d ) or placebo ( P ; n = 18 ) . Before ( term I ) and after 4 weeks of strength training and supplementation ( term II ) , students performed a short-term muscular endurance test . Blood sample s were collected at rest , 5 minutes after the muscular endurance test , and after 24 hours of recovery . Supplementation with GTE enhanced plasma total polyphenols at rest and 5 minutes after the muscular endurance test . Supplementation also contributed to the rise of resting total antioxidant status in plasma . Throughout the experiment ( terms I and II ) , a reduction in plasma lipid hydroxyperoxides was observed 24 hours after the muscular endurance test . Four weeks of strength training result ed in an increase in plasma lipid hydroxyperoxides at rest , but only in the P group . In term I , the muscular endurance test induced an increase in activity of creatine kinase in plasma after 24 hours of recovery in both the P and GTE groups . In term II , plasma creatine kinase activity after 24 hours of recovery was elevated only in the P group . In conclusion , in previously untrained men , dietary supplementation with GTE ( in combination with strength training ) enhances the antioxidant defense system in plasma at rest and , in turn , may give protection against oxidative damage induced by both short-term muscular endurance test and long-term strength training
No evidence support the consumption of GT/GTE could reduce the levels of HbA1c , HOMA-IR , fasting insulin , or fasting glucose in people with pre-diabetes/T2DM .
Green tea or green tea extract ( GT/GTE ) has been demonstrated to reduce insulin resistance and improve glycemic control .
However , evidence for this health beneficial effect is inconsistent .
This systematic review evaluated the effect of GT/GTE on insulin resistance and glycemic control in people with pre-diabetes/type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) .