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 — The Norwegian man charged Saturday with a pair of attacks in Oslo that killed at least 92 people left behind a detailed manifesto outlining his preparations and calling for a Christian war to defend Europe against the threat of Muslim domination, according to Norwegian and American officials familiar with the investigation. 
 
 As stunned Norwegians grappled with the deadliest attack in the country since World War II, a portrait began to emerge of the suspect, Anders Behring Breivik , 32. The police identified him as a right-wing fundamentalist Christian, while acquaintances described him as a gun-loving Norwegian obsessed with what he saw as the threats of multiculturalism and Muslim immigration . 
 
 “We are not sure whether he was alone or had help,” a police official, Roger Andresen, said at a televised news conference. “What we know is that he is right wing and a Christian fundamentalist.” 
 
 In the 1,500-page manifesto, posted on the Web hours before the attacks, Mr. Breivik recorded a day-by-day diary of months of planning for the attacks, and claimed to be part of a small group that intended to “seize political and military control of Western European countries and implement a cultural conservative political agenda.” 
 
 He predicted a conflagration that would kill or injure more than a million people, adding, “The time for dialogue is over. We gave peace a chance. The time for armed resistance has come.” 
 
 The manifesto was signed Andrew Berwick, an Anglicized version of his name. A former American government official briefed on the case said investigators believed the manifesto was Mr. Breivik’s work. 
 
 The manifesto, entitled “2083: A European Declaration of Independence,” equates liberalism and multiculturalism with “cultural Marxism,” which the document says is destroying European Christian civilization. 
 
 The document also describes a secret meeting in London in April 2002 to reconstitute the Knights Templar, a Crusader military order. It says the meeting was attended by nine representatives of eight European countries, evidently including Mr. Breivik, with an additional three members unable to attend, including a “European-American.” 
 
 The document does not name the attendees or say whether they were aware of Mr. Breivik’s planned attacks, though investigators presumably will now try to determine if the people exist and what their connection is to Mr. Breivik. 
 
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 Thomas Hegghammer, a terrorism specialist at the Norwegian Defense Research Establishment, said the manifesto bears an eerie resemblance to those of Osama bin Laden and other Al Qaeda leaders, though from a Christian rather than a Muslim point of view. Like Mr. Breivik’s manuscript, the major Qaeda declarations have detailed accounts of the Crusades, a pronounced sense of historical grievance and calls for apocalyptic warfare to defeat the religious and cultural enemy. 
 
 “It seems to be an attempt to mirror Al Qaeda, exactly in reverse,” Mr. Hegghammer said. 
 
 Mr. Breivik was also believed to have posted a video on Friday summarizing his arguments. In its closing moments, the video depicts Mr. Breivik in military uniform, holding assault weapons. Rarely has a mass murder suspect left so detailed an account of his activities. The manifesto describes in detail his purchase of chemicals, his sometimes ham-handed experiments making explosives and his first successful test detonation of a bomb in a remote location on June 13. 
 
 He intersperses the account of bomb-making with details of his television-watching, including the Eurovision music contest and the American police drama “The Shield.” 
 
 The manifesto ends with a chilling signoff: “I believe this will be my last entry. It is now Fri July 22nd, 12.51.” 
 
 Indeed, the operation appeared to have been extremely well planned. 
 
 According to the police, Mr. Breivik first drew security services to central Oslo when he exploded a car bomb outside a 17-story government office building, killing at least seven people. 
 
 Then he took a public ferry to Utoya Island, where he carried out a remarkably meticulous attack on Norway ’s current and future political elite. Dressed as a police officer, he announced that he had come to check on the security of the young people who were attending a political summer camp there, many of them the children of members of the governing Labor Party . 
 
 He gathered the campers together and for some 90 hellish minutes he coolly and methodically shot them, hunting down those who fled. At least 85 people, some as young as 16, were killed. 
 
 The police said Saturday evening that they expected the death toll to climb. There were still bodies in the bombed government buildings in Oslo, and at least four people missing on Utoya. 
 
 The police also said that unexploded munitions were still in some downtown Oslo buildings, and they had not ruled out the possibility that Mr. Breivik had accomplices. 
 
 He was equipped, the police said, with an automatic rifle and a handgun; when the police finally got to the island — about 40 minutes after they were called, the police said — Mr. Breivik surrendered. 
 
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 The police also said he had registered a farm in Rena, in eastern Norway, which allowed him to order a large quantity of ammonium nitrate fertilizer, an ingredient that can be used to make explosives. The authorities were investigating whether the chemical had been used in the bombing. 
 
 Besides the manifesto, Mr. Breivik left other hints of his motives. 
 
 A Facebook page and Twitter account were set up under his name days before the rampage. The Facebook page cites philosophers like Machiavelli, Kant and John Stuart Mill. 
 
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 His lone Twitter post, while not calling for violence, paraphrased Mill — “One person with a belief is equal to the force of 100,000 who have only interests” — suggesting what he saw as his ability to act. 
 
 Those postings, along with what was previously known about Mr. Breivik publicly, aligned with but hardly predicted the bloody rampage he would undertake on Friday. 
 
 Before then, he had been a member of the right-wing Progress Party, which began as an antitax protest and has been stridently anti-immigrant and anti-Muslim. 
 
 Joran Kallmyr, a member of the party who is now Oslo’s vice mayor for transportation, said he met Mr. Breivik several times in 2002 and 2003 at local party meetings. “He was very quiet, almost a little bit shy,” Mr. Kallmyr said. “But he was a normal person with good behavior. He never shared any extreme thoughts or speech with us. There was absolutely no reason to expect that he could do something like this. We’re very shocked.” 
 
 Mr. Breivik quit the party in 2006, apparently disappointed by the party’s move toward the center. 
 
 “He didn’t like our politics, I guess, and moved on,” Mr. Kallmyr said. 
 
 His Internet posts also indicated contempt for the Conservative Party, which he accused of having given up the battle against multiculturalism. 
 
 But on Friday he directed his firepower at the center-left Labor Party, which leads the coalition government. 
 
 “Breivik feels that multiculturalism is destroying the society and that the enforcing authority is the prime minister and the Labor Party, the lead party of contemporary Norwegian politics,” said Anders Romarheim, a fellow at the Norwegian Institute for Defense Studies. 
 
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 But the attacks, along with what appear to have been years of preparation for them, raised questions about whether the Norwegian security authorities, concentrating on threats of Islamic terrorism, had overlooked the threat from the anti-Islamic right. 
 
 “This is the Norwegian equivalent to Timothy McVeigh ,” the right-wing American who bombed a federal building in Oklahoma City in 1995, said Marcus Buck, a political scientist at the University of Tromso in northern Norway. “This is right-wing domestic terrorism, and the big question is to what extent Norwegian agencies have diverted their attention from what they knew decades ago was the biggest threat” to focus instead on Islamic militants. 
 
 The unclassified versions of the last three Norwegian Police Security Service reports assessing national threats all played down any threat by right-wing and nationalist extremists. Instead, the reports emphasized the dangers posed by radical Islam, groups opposed to Norway’s military involvement in Afghanistan and Libya , and others. 
 
 The 2011 report, released early this year, concluded that “the far-right and far-left extremist communities will not represent a serious threat to Norwegian society.” 
 
 Even after the attacks, that appeared to be the official position. 
 
 “Compared to other countries I wouldn’t say we have a big problem with right-wing extremists in Norway,” Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg told reporters at a news conference on Saturday. “But we have had some groups, we have followed them before, and our police is aware that there are some right-wing groups.” 
 
 Even if the authorities had focused on right-wing groups, it was unlikely that they would have noticed Mr. Breivik. 
 
 Kari Helene Partapuoli, director of the Norwegian Center Against Racism, said Mr. Breivik did not belong to any violent neo-Nazi groups that she was aware of, and his Internet postings, before those of last week, did not espouse violence. 
 
 “The distance between the words spoken and the acts that he carried out is gigantic, because what he did is in a different league of what the debates have to do about,” she said. 
 
 Arild Groven, secretary general of the Norwegian Shooting Association, a sports group, confirmed that Mr. Breivik had belonged to Oslo Pistolklubb, one of the 520 clubs in the association. 
 
 “We all read and watch the news about the shootings in the United States ,” Mr. Groven said. “But it doesn’t happen here.” 
 
 Mr. Romarheim said in some ways the homegrown nature of the attack made it harder for Norwegians to accept. “With 9/11 in America, people could ask, ‘Who are they?’ and could pour their rage out on someone else,” he said. “But we can’t disavow this person, he’s one of us.” ||||| Norwegian massacre gunman was a right-wing extremist who hated Muslims 
 
 Suspect named by Norwegian media as Anders Behring Breivik 
 
 Police believe he is not connected to Islamist organisations 
 
 Claims he boasted online about having talks with English Defence League 
 
 
 
 'Loner' lived with mother in a wealthy suburb and is well-educated 
 
 Reports say he attended same school as Norway's crown prince 
 
 
 
 Posted on Twitter: 'One person with a belief is equal to the force of 100,000 who have only interests' 
 
 Farm business gave him easy access to fertiliser - an ingredient used in bomb-making 
 
 Police say he is a 'very demanding suspect' 
 
 
 
 Suspect: Norwegian media reported that Anders Behring Breivik has been arrested 
 
 The man responsible for the massacre in Norway was a member of a Swedish nazi forum which encourages attacks on government buildings. 
 
 It was also revealed by local police that he had extreme right wing views who hated Muslims. 
 
 
 
 According to Swedish website Expo Anders Behring Breivik is a member of 'Nordisk' which has 22,000 members and focuses on political terrorism. 
 
 
 
 Officers also found a series of raving internet posts by the 32-year-old, who has been charged with two counts of terrorism after gunning down children on the island of Utoya and detonating a bomb in Oslo yesterday. 
 
 
 
 Media reports in Norway described Breivik as a 'loner', who lived with his mother in a wealthy suburb of west Oslo, was well-educated and enjoyed hunting. 
 
 Only a few days ago he set up a Twitter account and posted a single message: 'One person with a belief is equal to the force of 100,000 who have only interests'. 
 
 It is attributed to the English philosopher John Stuart Mill, whose concept of liberty justified the freedom of the individual in opposition to unlimited state control. 
 
 
 
 The account appears to have only been set up a few days ago. 
 
 
 
 On his Facebook profile, Breivik describes himself as a Christian and a conservative. 
 
 
 
 It also listed interests such as body-building and freemasonry. 
 
 
 
 Breivik is believed to have grown up in Oslo, and studied at the Oslo School of Management. 
 
 He later appears to have moved out of the city and established Breivik Geofarm, a company believed to be an organic farm. 
 
 Arrested: Anders Behring Breivik callously opened fire on groups of teenagers on the island of Utoya 
 
 Suspect: Further photographs of Anders Behring Breivik, such as this one where he is carrying a weapon, have emerged 
 
 It specialised in melons and root vegetables. There is speculation among the media in Norway that this may have allowed him easy access to fertiliser, an ingredient used in bomb-making . 
 
 Along with the farm, he also appears to own a flat in Oslo. Breivik had no military background except for ordinary national service and no criminal record. 
 
 It is thought that the 32-year-old is a former member of Labour's opposition youth party, Fremskrittspartiet. 
 
 Police at the home of Breivik, a farm at Ostre Asta near Oslo, where he allegedly planned the entire massacre 
 
 He is reported to have attended the same Smestad primary school as Norway's crown prince. 
 
 He is later said to have attended schools in Oslo's Gaustad and the Handelsgymnasium. 
 
 Classmate Michael Tomola, who knew Breivik from the age of 13 to 16, said: 'He was rather introverted at school, even though he was a good student. I'm very surprised by this. I had a good impression, although he became very engaged in subjects he cared for. He got very extreme about things he cared for.' 
 
 According the website Atlantic.com, Breivik expressed extremist Islamophobic views on forums and criticised immigration policies. 
 
 He argued on a Swedish news website that the media were not critical enough about Islam and claimed that Geert Wilders' Party for Freedom in the Netherlands was the only 'true' party of conservatives. 
 
 Web: Breivik's sole tweet, posted last week, is attributed to the English philosopher John Stuart Mill - whose concept of liberty justified the freedom of the individual in opposition to unlimited state control 
 
 He said that socialism was breaking down traditions, culture, national identity and other societal structures and that this in turn made society weak and confused. 
 
 He claimed to admire the Norwegian Second World War hero Max Manus, a highly decorated sailor who was an expert in sinking Nazi ships. 
 
 It has also been reported he boasted about conversations with unnamed members of the far-right English Defence League and the organisation Stop the Islamification of Europe. 
 
 He is said to have spoken to them about the success of provocative street actions leading to violence. 
 
 It is claimed he wrote on a blog two years ago: 'I have on some occasions had discussions with SIOE and EDL and recommended them to use certain strategies. 
 
 'The tactics of the EDL are now to 'lure' an overreaction from the Jihad Youth/Extreme-Marxists, something they have succeeded in doing several times already.' 
 
 
 
 Breivik's Facebook profile listed his favourite books as The Trial by Franz Kafka and Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell. 
 
 His favourite TV show was named as Dexter - a series about a Miami police forensics expert who moonlights as a serial killer of criminals whom he believes have escaped justice. 
 
 
 
 Police officer Roger Andresen said today: 'He is clear on the point that he wants to explain himself.' 
 
 Andersen said the suspect posted on websites with Christian fundamentalist tendencies. He did not describe the websites in any more details. 
 
 Crime scene: The 32-year-old Norwegian is said to have used this white van to drive onto the island of Utoya 
 
 National police chief Sveinung Sponheim said he was talking to them and has admitted to firing weapons on the island. 
 
 
 
 It was not clear if he had confessed to anything else he is accused of. Police said he retained a lawyer, who did not want to be named 
 
 
 
 'He has had a dialogue with the police the whole time, but he's a very demanding suspect,' Sponheim said. 
 
 He also told public broadcaster NRK that the suspected gunman's Internet postings 'suggest that he has some political traits directed toward the right, and anti-Muslim views, but if that was a motivation for the actual act remains to be seen'. 
 
 Six foot tall and blond Breivik is reported to have arrived on the island of Utoya dressed as a policeman and opened fire after beckoning several young people over in his native Norwegian tongue. 
 
 Reports suggest he was also seen loitering around the site of the bomb blast in Oslo two hours before the island incident. 
 
 Suspect: The 32-year-old Norwegian Anders Behring Breivik, who has been arrested after the attacks 
 
 Police said later that the suspect had right-wing and anti-Muslim views, but the motive for the attacks was unclear. 
 
 The Norwegian daily Verdens Gang quoted a friend as saying he became a rightwing extremist in his late 20s. It said he expressed strong nationalistic views in online debates and had been a strong opponent of the idea that people of different cultural backgrounds can live alongside each other. 
 
 An official said the gunman used both automatic weapons and handguns, and that there was at least one unexploded device at the youth camp that a police bomb disposal team and military experts were working on disarming. 
 
 Some 92 are believed to have been killed - seven in Oslo and 84 on Utoya Island, 50 miles north of the capital. 
 
 Initially it was not known what were the motives of the gunman and architect of the car bomb - whether they or the single person had been radicalised and was part of a militant Muslim group waging Jihad or was trying to further a home-grown political cause. 
 
 But it now appears Breivik was behind both attacks, a fact that it took police hours to realise as the mayhem ensued. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The incidents come as social tensions with Norway heighten in recent months over the country’s perceived stance on Islamic issues. 
 
 Fatal: Seven people were killed in the Oslo bomb blast (pictured) 
 
 Though a long-standing Nato member, Norway has not attracted many enemies because it has tended to stay out of international conflicts. 
 
 However, it has recently increased its military presence in Muslim countries such as Afghanistan or Libya, a move bound to anger fanatics. 
 
 There was anger among some of the 150,000 Muslims living in Norway when a newspaper reproduced the controversial Danish cartoons of the Prophet Mohammad in January last year. 
 
 Last night ‘Helpers of the Global Jihad’ posted a message on the internet claiming the bombing was ‘only the beginning’ of the retaliation over the cartoons. 
 
 But this has been dismissed by some commentators as a publicity stunt. 
 
 
 
 Other Scandinavian countries have faced radical Islamic attacks in the past. 
 
 Violence erupted in Denmark after a newspaper published a cartoon of the Prophet wearing a turban in the shape of a bomb in 2005. 
 
 And last December an Islamic suicide bomber, who was radicalised in Britain, set off a bomb in Stockholm. 
 
 Police would not speculate on who was responsible for the attack or whether international groups were involved. 
 
 But the country is also in the midst of grappling with a homegrown terror plot linked to al-Qaeda. 
 
 
 
 Two suspects are in jail awaiting charges. 
 
 
 
 Last week, a Norwegian prosecutor filed terror charges against an Iraqi-born cleric for threatening Norwegian politicians with death if he is deported from the Scandinavian country. 
 
 
 
 The indictment centred on statements that Mullah Krekar - the founder of the Kurdish Islamist group Ansar al-Islam - made to various news media, including American network NBC. 
 
 
 
 Jihadist groups have also made recent threats to Norway over plans to expel Mullah Krekar, the founder of the Kurdish Islamist group Ansar al-Islam. 
 
 Norway's support of NATO's mission in Libya also earned it enemies, Bob Ayers, a former U.S. intelligence officer, told AP. 
 
 'Norwegians are in Afghanistan. They're in Tripoli. They reprinted the cartoons,' he said. 
 
 
 
 Many intelligence analysts said they had never heard of Helpers of Global Jihad, which took initial credit. Ansar al-Islam also took credit on some jihadist web sites. 
 
 
 
 And Ayers said it appeared more than one person was involved. 
 
 Wrecked: The blast in Oslo was outside a government office 
 
 Asked at a press conference in Tripoli about Libya's reaction to the events in Oslo, government spokesman Moussa Ibrahim said, 'We never support any acts of terrorism whatsoever.' 
 
 
 
 But he suggested NATO's policies could have prompted the attack, saying, 'NATO is planting terrorism in the hearts of many. This is unfortunate and sad.' 
 
 
 
 Authorities in Norway and other Scandinavian countries have focused on anti-terrorism tactics that frustrate countries like the U.S. that are more aggressive about making arrests. 
 
 
 
 Scandinavian authorities fight terrorism by disrupting plots, sometimes telling suspects they know what they're up to, and warning them of the consequences. 
 
 
 
 Terror convictions are also difficult to get because of scepticism in Scandinavian courts toward cases built on intent - as most terrorism trials are - and a demand for more evidence than in the U.S. and many other places. 
 
 
 
 Europe has been the target of numerous terror plots by Islamist militants. 
 
 
 
 The deadliest was the 2004 Madrid train bombings, when shrapnel-filled bombs exploded, killing 191 people and wounding about 1,800. 
 
 
 
 A year later, suicide bombers killed 52 rush-hour commuters in London aboard three subway trains and a bus. 
 
 
 
 And in 2006, U.S. and British intelligence officials thwarted one of the largest plots yet - a plan to explode nearly a dozen trans-Atlantic airliners. 
 
 
 
 In October, the U.S. State Department advised American citizens living or travelling in Europe to take more precautions following reports that terrorists may be plotting attacks on a European city. 
 
 
 
 Some countries went on heightened alert after the May 2 killing of Osama bin Laden. 
 
 
 
 Intelligence analysts said they doubted the attack was linked to bin Laden's death.
– Anders Behring Breivik, the 32-year-old right-wing nationalist suspected of killing at least 92 people in Norway on Friday, apparently left behind a 1,500-page manifesto and a 12-minute video detailing his bizarre beliefs, reports the New York Times. The document, titled “2083: A European Declaration of Independence” and posted to the Internet hours before the attacks, blasts "multiculturalism" and "Marxism" and provides a detailed daily diary of Breivik's preparations in the months leading up to the attacks. Both his lawyer and police say he has confessed to the attacks, the AP reports. The manifesto claims that a small group of like-minded militants would “seize political and military control of Western European countries and implement a cultural conservative political agenda," and talks of a London meeting in 2002 to re-form the "Knights Templar" crusading order. “The time for dialogue is over. We gave peace a chance. The time for armed resistance has come," wrote Breivik, predicting a war that would kill or hurt more than 1 million people. Some analysts say the manifesto bears a striking resemblance to the writings of Osama bin Laden and other al-Qaeda leaders. “It seems to be an attempt to mirror al-Qaeda," but from a Christian rather than Muslim viewpoint, says a Norwegian terrorism expert.