Palmprints are emerging as a new entity in multi-modal biometrics for human identification and verification. Multispectral palmprint images captured in the visible and infrared spectrum not only contain the wrinkles and ridge structure of a palm, but also the underlying pattern of veins; making them a highly discriminating biometric identifier. In this paper, we propose a feature encoding scheme for robust and highly accurate representation and matching of multispectral palmprints. To facilitate compact storage of the feature, we design a binary hash table structure that allows for efficient matching in large databases. Comprehensive experiments for both identification and verification scenarios are performed on two public datasets -- one captured with a contact-based sensor (PolyU dataset), and the other with a contact-free sensor (CASIA dataset). Recognition results in various experimental setups show that the proposed method consistently outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods. Error rates achieved by our method (0.003 on PolyU and 0.2 on CASIA) are the lowest reported in literature on both dataset and clearly indicate the viability of palmprint as a reliable and promising biometric. All source codes are publicly available.
In the past decade, biometrics such as the iris @cite_34 , face @cite_15 @cite_28 and fingerprint @cite_5 have been investigated using multispectral images for improved accuracy. Recently, there has been an increased interest in multispectral palmprint recognition @cite_40 @cite_14 @cite_22 @cite_8 @cite_43 @cite_36 @cite_29 @cite_42 @cite_18 @cite_25 @cite_37 @cite_3 @cite_20 @cite_32 . Palmprint recognition approaches can be categorized into line-like feature detectors, subspace learning methods and texture based coding techniques @cite_24 . These three categories are not mutually exclusive and their combinations are also possible. Line detection based approaches commonly extract palm lines using edge detectors. @cite_44 proposed a palmprint verification technique based on principal lines. The principal palm lines were extracted using a modified finite Radon transform and a binary edge map was used for representation. However, recognition based solely on palm lines proved insufficient due to their sparse nature and the possibility of different individuals to have highly similar palm lines @cite_29 . Although, line detection can extract palm lines effectively, it may not be equally useful for the extraction of palm veins due to their low contrast and broad structure.
@cite_22 @cite_36 @cite_29 @cite_42 @cite_3 @cite_44 @cite_43 @cite_5 @cite_15 @cite_20 @cite_18 @cite_8 @cite_37 @cite_28 @cite_32 @cite_40 @cite_34 @cite_25 @cite_14 @cite_24
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We propose ‘Contour Code’, a novel representation and binary hash table encoding for multispectral palmprint recognition. We first present a reliable technique for the extraction of a region of interest (ROI) from palm images acquired with non-contact sensors. The Contour Code representation is then derived from the Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform. A uniscale pyramidal filter is convolved with the ROI followed by the application of a directional filter bank. The dominant directional subband establishes the orientation at each pixel and the index corresponding to this subband is encoded in the Contour Code representation. Unlike existing representations which extract orientation features directly from the palm images, the Contour Code uses a two stage filtering to extract robust orientation features. The Contour Code is binarized into an efficient hash table structure that only requires indexing and summation operations for simultaneous one-to-many matching with an embedded score level fusion of multiple bands. We quantitatively evaluate the accuracy of the ROI extraction by comparison with a manually produced ground truth. Multispectral palmprint verification results on the PolyU and CASIA databases show that the Contour Code achieves an EER reduction upto 50 , compared to state-of-the-art methods. Personal identification problem has been a major field of research in recent years. Biometrics-based technologies that exploit fingerprints, iris, face, voice and palmprints, have been in the center of attention to solve this problem. Palmprints can be used instead of fingerprints that have been of the earliest of these biometrics technologies. A palm is covered with the same skin as the fingertips but has a larger surface, giving us more information than the fingertips. The major features of the palm are palm-lines, including principal lines, wrinkles and ridges. Using these lines is one of the most popular approaches towards solving the palmprint recognition problem. Another robust feature is the wavelet energy of palms. In this paper we used a hybrid feature which combines both of these features. Moreover, multispectral analysis is applied to improve the performance of the system. At the end, minimum distance classifier is used to match test images with one of the training samples. The proposed algorithm has been tested on a well-known multispectral palmprint dataset and achieved an average accuracy of 98.8 . In this paper, we propose a novel palmprint verification approach based on principal lines. In feature extraction stage, the modified finite Radon transform is proposed, which can extract principal lines effectively and efficiently even in the case that the palmprint images contain many long and strong wrinkles. In matching stage, a matching algorithm based on pixel-to-area comparison is devised to calculate the similarity between two palmprints, which has shown good robustness for slight rotations and translations of palmprints. The experimental results for the verification on Hong Kong Polytechnic University Palmprint Database show that the discriminability of principal lines is also strong. Abstract Palmprint is one important biometric feature with uniqueness, stability and high distinguishability, and its study has attracted much attention in the past decades. Although many palmprint-based recognition methods have been proposed and successfully applied for identity authentication, most of the previous researches usually only use the images captured in natural light. It is hard, if not impossible, for further improvement of recognition accuracy based on these palmprint images due to limitations of using the natural light. In order to obtain high recognition rate with more discriminative information, we propose to use multispectral palmprint instead of natural light palmprint in this paper, and develop a multispectral palmprint recognition method based on a hierarchical idea. First, we extract the Block Dominant Orientation Code (BDOC) as a rough feature, and the Block-based Histogram of Oriented Gradient (BHOG) as a fine feature. Second, a hierarchical recognition approach is proposed based on these two types of features. Technically, we fuse different features obtained from different bands in the proposed scheme in order to improve the recognition accuracy. Finally, experimental results show that the recognition accuracy of the proposed method is not only superior to previous high-performance methods based on the PolyU palmprint database with the natural light but also it can further improve the state of the art performance achieved by some approaches based on the PolyU multispectral palmprint database.