Multi-scale approach has been used for blind image video deblurring problems to yield excellent performance for both conventional and recent deep-learning-based state-of-the-art methods. Bicubic down-sampling is a typical choice for multi-scale approach to reduce spatial dimension after filtering with a fixed kernel. However, this fixed kernel may be sub-optimal since it may destroy important information for reliable deblurring such as strong edges. We propose convolutional neural network (CNN)-based down-scale methods for multi-scale deep-learning-based non-uniform single image deblurring. We argue that our CNN-based down-scaling effectively reduces the spatial dimension of the original image, while learned kernels with multiple channels may well-preserve necessary details for deblurring tasks. For each scale, we adopt to use RCAN (Residual Channel Attention Networks) as a backbone network to further improve performance. Our proposed method yielded state-of-the-art performance on GoPro dataset by large margin. Our proposed method was able to achieve 2.59dB higher PSNR than the current state-of-the-art method by Tao. Our proposed CNN-based down-scaling was the key factor for this excellent performance since the performance of our network without it was decreased by 1.98dB. The same networks trained with GoPro set were also evaluated on large-scale Su dataset and our proposed method yielded 1.15dB better PSNR than the Tao's method. Qualitative comparisons on Lai dataset also confirmed the superior performance of our proposed method over other state-of-the-art methods.
There have also been many works on predicting non-uniform blurs assuming spatially linear blur @cite_41 , simplified camera motion (from 6D to 3D) @cite_24 , parametrized geometric model in terms of camera rotation velocity during exposure @cite_9 , filter flow framework based blur model @cite_22 , L0 sparse expression for blurs @cite_38 , and dark channel prior @cite_10 . There was also an attempt to exploit multiple images from videos assuming spatially varying blur @cite_32 . There have also been some works to utilize segmentation information by assuming uniform blur on each segmentation area @cite_33 and to segment motion blur using convex optimization @cite_31 , to simplify motion model as local linear without segmentation using coarse-to-fine approach @cite_37 , and to use bidirectional optical flows for video deblurring @cite_20 .
@cite_38 @cite_37 @cite_22 @cite_33 @cite_41 @cite_9 @cite_32 @cite_24 @cite_31 @cite_10 @cite_20
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Most state-of-the-art dynamic scene deblurring methods based on accurate motion segmentation assume that motion blur is small or that the specific type of motion causing the blur is known. In this paper, we study a motion segmentation-free dynamic scene deblurring method, which is unlike other conventional methods. When the motion can be approximated to linear motion that is locally (pixel-wise) varying, we can handle various types of blur caused by camera shake, including out-of-plane motion, depth variation, radial distortion, and so on. Thus, we propose a new energy model simultaneously estimating motion flow and the latent image based on robust total variation (TV)-L1 model. This approach is necessary to handle abrupt changes in motion without segmentation. Furthermore, we address the problem of the traditional coarse-to-fine deblurring framework, which gives rise to artifacts when restoring small structures with distinct motion. We thus propose a novel kernel re-initialization method which reduces the error of motion flow propagated from a coarser level. Moreover, a highly effective convex optimization-based solution mitigating the computational difficulties of the TV-L1 model is established. Comparative experimental results on challenging real blurry images demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method. We generalize Richardson-Lucy deblurring to 4-D light fields by replacing the convolution steps with light field rendering of motion blur. The method deals correctly with blur caused by 6-degree-of-freedom camera motion in complex 3-D scenes, without performing depth estimation. We include a novel regularization term that maintains parallax information in the light field, and employ 4-D anisotropic total variation to reduce noise and ringing. We demonstrate the method operating effectively on rendered scenes and scenes captured using an off-the-shelf light field camera mounted on an industrial robot arm. Examples include complex 3-D geometry and cover all major classes of camera motion. Both qualitative and quantitative results confirm the effectiveness of the method over a range of conditions, including commonly occurring cases for which previously published methods fail. We include mathematical proof that the algorithm converges to the maximum-likelihood estimate of the unblurred scene under Poisson noise. Extracting 3D shape of deforming objects in monocular videos, a task known as non-rigid structure-from-motion (NRSfM), has so far been studied only on synthetic datasets and controlled environments. Typically, the objects to reconstruct are pre-segmented, they exhibit limited rotations and occlusions, or full-length trajectories are assumed. In order to integrate NRSfM into current video analysis pipelines, one needs to consider as input realistic -thus incomplete- tracking, and perform spatio-temporal grouping to segment the objects from their surroundings. Furthermore, NRSfM needs to be robust to noise in both segmentation and tracking, e.g., drifting, segmentation "leaking", optical flow "bleeding" etc. In this paper, we make a first attempt towards this goal, and propose a method that combines dense optical flow tracking, motion trajectory clustering and NRSfM for 3D reconstruction of objects in videos. For each trajectory cluster, we compute multiple reconstructions by minimizing the reprojection error and the rank of the 3D shape under different rank bounds of the trajectory matrix. We show that dense 3D shape is extracted and trajectories are completed across occlusions and low textured regions, even under mild relative motion between the object and the camera. We achieve competitive results on a public NRSfM benchmark while using fixed parameters across all sequences and handling incomplete trajectories, in contrast to existing approaches. We further test our approach on popular video segmentation datasets. To the best of our knowledge, our method is the first to extract dense object models from realistic videos, such as those found in Youtube or Hollywood movies, without object-specific priors. In this paper, we address the problem of estimating and removing non-uniform motion blur from a single blurry image. We propose a deep learning approach to predicting the probabilistic distribution of motion blur at the patch level using a convolutional neural network (CNN). We further extend the candidate set of motion kernels predicted by the CNN using carefully designed image rotations. A Markov random field model is then used to infer a dense non-uniform motion blur field enforcing motion smoothness. Finally, motion blur is removed by a non-uniform deblurring model using patch-level image prior. Experimental evaluations show that our approach can effectively estimate and remove complex non-uniform motion blur that is not handled well by previous approaches.