In traditional cognitive radio networks, secondary users (SUs) typically access the spectrum of primary users (PUs) by a two-stage "listen-before-talk" (LBT) protocol, i.e., SUs sense the spectrum holes in the first stage before transmitting in the second. However, there exist two major problems: 1) transmission time reduction due to sensing, and 2) sensing accuracy impairment due to data transmission. In this paper, we propose a "listen-and-talk" (LAT) protocol with the help of full-duplex (FD) technique that allows SUs to simultaneously sense and access the vacant spectrum. Spectrum utilization performance is carefully analyzed, with the closed-form spectrum waste ratio and collision ratio with the PU provided. Also, regarding the secondary throughput, we report the existence of a tradeoff between the secondary transmit power and throughput. Based on the power-throughput tradeoff, we derive the analytical local optimal transmit power for SUs to achieve both high throughput and satisfying sensing accuracy. Numerical results are given to verify the proposed protocol and the theoretical results.
The authors in @cite_38 considered cooperation between primary and secondary systems. In their model, the cognitive base station (CBS) relays the primary signal, and in return it can transmit its own cognitive signal. The CBS was assumed to be FD enabled with multiple antennas. Beamforming technique was used to differentiate the forwarding signal for primary users and secondary transmission.
@cite_38
2147868657 2179880807 2013925279 2064503103
This paper studies the cooperation between a primary system and a cognitive system in a cellular network where the cognitive base station (CBS) relays the primary signal using amplify-and-forward or decode-and-forward protocols, and in return it can transmit its own cognitive signal. While the commonly used half-duplex (HD) assumption may render the cooperation less efficient due to the two orthogonal channel phases employed, we propose that the CBS can work in a full-duplex (FD) mode to improve the system rate region. The problem of interest is to find the achievable primary-cognitive rate region by studying the cognitive rate maximization problem. For both modes, we explicitly consider the CBS transmit imperfections, which lead to the residual self-interference associated with the FD operation mode. We propose closed-form solutions or efficient algorithms to solve the problem when the related residual interference power is non-scalable or scalable with the transmit power. Furthermore, we propose a simple hybrid scheme to select the HD or FD mode based on zero-forcing criterion, and provide insights on the impact of system parameters. Numerical results illustrate significant performance improvement by using the FD mode and the hybrid scheme. In this paper, we consider a communication scenario in which the primary and the cognitive radios wish to communicate to different receivers, subject to mutual interference. In the model that we use, the cognitive radio has noncausal knowledge of the primary radio's codeword. We characterize the largest rate at which the cognitive radio can reliably communicate under the constraint that 1) no rate degradation is created for the primary user, and 2) the primary receiver uses a single-user decoder just as it would in the absence of the cognitive radio. The result holds in a ldquolow-interferencerdquo regime in which the cognitive radio is closer to its receiver than to the primary receiver. In this regime, our results are subsumed by the results derived in a concurrent and independent work (Wu , 2007). We also demonstrate that, in a ldquohigh-interferencerdquo regime, multiuser decoding at the primary receiver is optimal from the standpoint of maximal jointly achievable rates for the primary and cognitive users. In this paper we investigate the cooperative beamforming in cognitive radio network (CRN) composed of a primary network (PN) and a secondary network (SN). In the SN, the transmitter has to communicate with the receiver with the help of the hybrid relays which use cooperative beamforming to retransmit data. The relays will select amplify-and-forward (AF) or decode-and-forward (DF) according to the signal to interference pulse noise ratio (SINR). The aim of this paper is to maximize the received SINR in the SN with different power constraints and the QoS requirement of the primary user (PU). Numerical results compare the performance of the SN between relays with beamforming and relays without beamforming which indicates that the gap between them is related to the maximum interference power at primary destination, while is irrelevant to maximum the total transmitted power of the relays. Besides there is a tradeoff between the performance of the SN and the number of the relays. We consider a cognitive radio setting in which a relay-assisted secondary link employs cooperative beamforming to enhance its throughput and to provide protection to the primary receiver from interference. We assume the presence of infinite buffers at both the primary and secondary transmitters and characterize the maximum stable throughput region exactly using the dominant system approach. Numerical examples are provided to give insights into the impact of power control on the stability region.