We propose an automated and unsupervised methodology for a novel summarization of group behavior based on content preference. We show that graph theoretical community evolution (based on similarity of user preference for content) is effective in indexing these dynamics. Combined with text analysis that targets automatically-identified representative content for each community, our method produces a novel multi-layered representation of evolving group behavior. We demonstrate this methodology in the context of political discourse on a social news site with data that spans more than four years and find coexisting political leanings over extended periods and a disruptive external event that lead to a significant reorganization of existing patterns. Finally, where there exists no ground truth, we propose a new evaluation approach by using entropy measures as evidence of coherence along the evolution path of these groups. This methodology is valuable to designers and managers of online forums in need of granular analytics of user activity, as well as to researchers in social and political sciences who wish to extend their inquiries to large-scale data available on the web.
A number of recent papers focus on using content alone to create summaries of text, such as opinions @cite_8 , product reviews @cite_15 , political leanings @cite_20 @cite_35 @cite_2 , and news streams - more specifically, @cite_28 create structured summaries of content in the form of narrative maps and @cite_4 produce story-lines of streaming news. The bulk of literature in this field uses text-based techniques such as language models used in sentiment and subjectivity analyses and topic modeling and are not concerned with user networks. On the other hand, incorporating both the network graph and content, @cite_5 use the citation network between documents to get a better summarization of document content over time (topic evolution), @cite_22 track popular events in the social web, and @cite_13 summarize activity over time. Yet none of the mentioned papers produce a comprehensive multi-scale map of group behavior among users.
@cite_35 @cite_4 @cite_22 @cite_8 @cite_28 @cite_2 @cite_5 @cite_15 @cite_13 @cite_20
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In this paper, we present the results of a user study on exploratory search activities in a social science digital library. We conducted a user study with 32 participants with a social sciences background—16 postdoctoral researchers and 16 students—who were asked to solve a task on searching related work to a given topic. The exploratory search task was performed in a 10-min time slot. The use of certain search activities is measured and compared to gaze data recorded with an eye tracking device. We use a novel tree graph representation to visualise the users’ search patterns and introduce a way to combine multiple search session trees. The tree graph representation is capable of creating one single tree for multiple users and identifying common search patterns. In addition, the information behaviour of students and postdoctoral researchers is being compared. The results show that search activities on the stratagem level are frequently utilised by both user groups. The most heavily used search activities were keyword search, followed by browsing through references and citations, and author searching. The eye tracking results showed an intense examination of documents metadata, especially on the level of citations and references. When comparing the group of students and postdoctoral researchers, we found significant differences regarding gaze data on the area of the journal name of the seed document. In general, we found a tendency of the postdoctoral researchers to examine the metadata records more intensively with regard to dwell time and the number of fixations. By creating combined session trees and deriving subtrees from those, we were able to identify common patterns like economic (explorative) and exhaustive (navigational) behaviour. Our results show that participants utilised multiple search strategies starting from the seed document, which means that they examined different paths to find related publications. In many decision-making scenarios, people can benefit from knowing what other people's opinions are. As more and more evaluative documents are posted on the Web, summarizing these useful resources becomes a critical task for many organizations and individuals. This paper presents a framework for summarizing a corpus of evaluative documents about a single entity by a natural language summary. We propose two summarizers: an extractive summarizer and an abstractive one. As an additional contribution, we show how our abstractive summarizer can be modified to generate summaries tailored to a model of the user preferences that is solidly grounded in decision theory and can be effectively elicited from users. We have tested our framework in three user studies. In the first one, we compared the two summarizers. They performed equally well relative to each other quantitatively, while significantly outperforming a baseline standard approach to multidocument summarization. Trends in the results as well as qualitative comments from participants suggest that the summarizers have different strengths and weaknesses. After this initial user study, we realized that the diversity of opinions expressed in the corpus (i.e., its controversiality) might play a critical role in comparing abstraction versus extraction. To clearly pinpoint the role of controversiality, we ran a second user study in which we controlled for the degree of controversiality of the corpora that were summarized for the participants. The outcome of this study indicates that for evaluative text abstraction tends to be more effective than extraction, particularly when the corpus is controversial. In the third user study we assessed the effectiveness of our user tailoring strategy. The results of this experiment confirm that user tailored summaries are more informative than untailored ones. The development of online news media grew in number in Indonesia. One technique of news articles summarization is guided summarization where the summary should contain important aspect information. Guided summarization techniques have been developed in the Text Analysis Conference (TAC) 2011 and one of the best methods is SWING by Jun-ping, et al The purpose of this study is to adapt the methods of SWING system to Indonesian news articles as well as integrating with News Aggregator system. In this research, the experiments have purpose to determine the best features and system configuration when adapted to Indonesian news articles. ROUGE-2 and ROUGE-SU4 is used to evaluate the results of the summary where a summary of the system results compared to the human-made summaries. The best system configuration produces summary with evaluation of ROUGE-2 0,31 and ROUGE-SU4 0,22 which is very close to the human-made summaries with a value of ROUGE-2 0,32 and ROUGE-SU4 0.24. In addition, the update summarization component can be run by giving a summary of updates without repeating the information. Adaptation from SWING system to Indonesian news articles is employing features such as sentence length (SL), category relevance score (CRS), category KL-Divergence (CKLD), bigram DFS (BDFS), Top n NE corpus, Top n NE topic, quote sentence removal, and building SVR model for each news category. Given a large-scale linked document collection, such as a collection of blog posts or a research literature archive, there are two fundamental problems that have generated a lot of interest in the research community. One is to identify a set of high-level topics covered by the documents in the collection; the other is to uncover and analyze the social network of the authors of the documents. So far these problems have been viewed as separate problems and considered independently from each other. In this paper we argue that these two problems are in fact inter-dependent and should be addressed together. We develop a Bayesian hierarchical approach that performs topic modeling and author community discovery in one unified framework. The effectiveness of our model is demonstrated on two blog data sets in different domains and one research paper citation data from CiteSeer.