A contextual care protocol is used by a medical practitioner for patient healthcare, given the context or situation that the specified patient is in. This paper proposes a method to build an automated self-adapting protocol which can help make relevant, early decisions for effective healthcare delivery. The hybrid model leverages neural networks and decision trees. The neural network estimates the chances of each disease and each tree in the decision trees represents care protocol for a disease. These trees are subject to change in case of aberrations found by the diagnosticians. These corrections or prediction errors are clustered into similar groups for scalability and review by the experts. The corrections as suggested by the experts are incorporated into the model.
L. G. presented a framework for diagnosing eye diseases using Neural Networks and Decision Trees. They proposed the hybrid model as Neural Networks Decision Trees Eye Disease Diagnosing System (NNDTEDDS) to train younger ophthalmologists. The use of neural networks is in the diagnosis according to the various symptoms, physical eye conditions and that of decision trees is in knowledge extraction from trained neural networks The various rules obtained according to symptoms explains the knowledge acquired in neural networks by learning from previous samples of symptoms and physical eye conditions @cite_2 .
@cite_2
2402050431 2519373937 2953280703 2220384803
Glaucoma is a chronic and irreversible eye disease in which the optic nerve is progressively damaged, leading to deterioration in vision and quality of life. In this paper, we present an Automatic feature Learning for glAucoma Detection based on Deep LearnINg (ALADDIN), with deep convolutional neural network (CNN) for feature learning. Different from the traditional convolutional layer that uses linear filters followed by a nonlinear activation function to scan the input, the adopted network embeds micro neural networks (multilayer perceptron) with more complex structures to abstract the data within the receptive field. Moreover, a contextualizing deep learning structure is proposed in order to obtain a hierarchical representation of fundus images to discriminate between glaucoma and non-glaucoma pattern, where the network takes the outputs from other CNN as the context information to boost the performance. Extensive experiments are performed on the ORIGA and SCES datasets. The results show area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve in glaucoma detection at 0.838 and 0.898 in the two databases, much better than state-of-the-art algorithms. The method could be used for glaucoma diagnosis. In this paper, we consider numerous low-level vision problems (e.g., edge-preserving filtering and denoising) as recursive image filtering via a hybrid neural network. The network contains several spatially variant recurrent neural networks (RNN) as equivalents of a group of distinct recursive filters for each pixel, and a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) that learns the weights of RNNs. The deep CNN can learn regulations of recurrent propagation for various tasks and effectively guides recurrent propagation over an entire image. The proposed model does not need a large number of convolutional channels nor big kernels to learn features for low-level vision filters. It is significantly smaller and faster in comparison with a deep CNN based image filter. Experimental results show that many low-level vision tasks can be effectively learned and carried out in real-time by the proposed algorithm. We present a tree-structured network architecture for large scale image classification. The trunk of the network contains convolutional layers optimized over all classes. At a given depth, the trunk splits into separate branches, each dedicated to discriminate a different subset of classes. Each branch acts as an expert classifying a set of categories that are difficult to tell apart, while the trunk provides common knowledge to all experts in the form of shared features. The training of our "network of experts" is completely end-to-end: the partition of categories into disjoint subsets is learned simultaneously with the parameters of the network trunk and the experts are trained jointly by minimizing a single learning objective over all classes. The proposed structure can be built from any existing convolutional neural network (CNN). We demonstrate its generality by adapting 4 popular CNNs for image categorization into the form of networks of experts. Our experiments on CIFAR100 and ImageNet show that in every case our method yields a substantial improvement in accuracy over the base CNN, and gives the best result achieved so far on CIFAR100. Finally, the improvement in accuracy comes at little additional cost: compared to the base network, the training time is only moderately increased and the number of parameters is comparable or in some cases even lower. We present Deep Neural Decision Forests - a novel approach that unifies classification trees with the representation learning functionality known from deep convolutional networks, by training them in an end-to-end manner. To combine these two worlds, we introduce a stochastic and differentiable decision tree model, which steers the representation learning usually conducted in the initial layers of a (deep) convolutional network. Our model differs from conventional deep networks because a decision forest provides the final predictions and it differs from conventional decision forests since we propose a principled, joint and global optimization of split and leaf node parameters. We show experimental results on benchmark machine learning datasets like MNIST and ImageNet and find on-par or superior results when compared to state-of-the-art deep models. Most remarkably, we obtain Top5-Errors of only 7.84 6.38 on ImageNet validation data when integrating our forests in a single-crop, single seven model GoogLeNet architecture, respectively. Thus, even without any form of training data set augmentation we are improving on the 6.67 error obtained by the best GoogLeNet architecture (7 models, 144 crops).