The task of verifying the compatibility between interacting web services has traditionally been limited to checking the compatibility of the interaction protocol in terms of message sequences and the type of data being exchanged. Since web services are developed largely in an uncoordinated way, different services often use independently developed ontologies for the same domain instead of adhering to a single ontology as standard. In this work we investigate the approaches that can be taken by the server to verify the possibility to reach a state with semantically inconsistent results during the execution of a protocol with a client, if the client ontology is published. Often database is used to store the actual data along with the ontologies instead of storing the actual data as a part of the ontology description. It is important to observe that at the current state of the database the semantic conflict state may not be reached even if the verification done by the server indicates the possibility of reaching a conflict state. A relational algebra based decision procedure is also developed to incorporate the current state of the client and the server databases in the overall verification procedure.
Ontology mapping primarily focuses on combining multiple heterogeneous ontologies. @cite_9 authors address the problem of specifying a mapping between a global and a set of local ontologies. @cite_8 authors discuss about establishing a mapping between local ontologies. @cite_21 the problem of ontology alignment and automatic merging is addressed.
@cite_9 @cite_21 @cite_8
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Ontology mapping is to find semantic correspondences between similar elements of different ontologies. It is critical to achieve semantic interoperability in the WWW. This paper proposes a new generic and scalable ontology mapping approach based on propagation theory, information retrieval technique and artificial intelligence model. The approach utilizes both linguistic and structural information, measures the similarity of different elements of ontologies in a vector space model, and deals with constraints using the interactive activation network. The results of pilot study, the PRIOR, are promising and scalable. Ontology matching is one of the key research topics in the field of the Semantic Web. There are many matching systems that generate mappings between different ontologies either automatically or semi-automatically. However, the mappings generated by these systems may be inconsistent with the ontologies. Several approaches have been proposed to deal with the inconsistencies between mappings and ontologies. This problem is often called a mapping revision problem, as the ontologies are assumed to be correct, whereas the mappings are repaired when resolving the inconsistencies. In this paper, we first propose a conflict-based mapping revision operator and show that it can be characterized by two logical postulates adapted from some existing postulates for belief base revision. We then provide an algorithm for iterative mapping revision by using an ontology revision operator and show that this algorithm defines a conflict-based mapping revision operator. Three concrete ontology revision operators are given to instantiate the iterative algorithm, which result in three different mapping revision algorithms. We implement these algorithms and provide some preliminary but interesting evaluation results. Ontologies are at the heart of knowledge management and make use of information that is not only written in English but also in many other natural languages. In order to enable knowledge discovery, sharing and reuse of these multilingual ontologies, it is necessary to support ontology mapping despite natural language barriers. This paper examines the soundness of a generic approach that involves machine translation tools and monolingual ontology matching techniques in cross-lingual ontology mapping scenarios. In particular, experimental results collected from case studies which engage mappings of independent ontologies that are labeled in English and Chinese are presented. Based on findings derived from these studies, limitations of this generic approach are discussed. It is shown with evidence that appropriate translations of conceptual labels in ontologies are of crucial importance when applying monolingual matching techniques in cross-lingual ontology mapping. Finally, to address the identified challenges, a semantic-oriented cross-lingual ontology mapping (SOCOM) framework is proposed and discussed. Finding correct semantic correspondences between heterogeneous ontologies is one of the most challenging problems in the area of semantic web technologies. As manually constructing such mappings is not feasible in realistic scenarios, a number of automatic matching tools have been developed that propose mappings based on general heuristics. As these heuristics often produce incorrect results, a manual revision is inevitable in order to guarantee the quality of generated mappings. Experiences with benchmarking matching systems revealed that the manual revision of mappings is still a very difficult problem because it has to take the semantics of the ontologies as well as interactions between mappings into account. In this article, we propose methods for supporting human experts in the task of revising automatically created mappings. In particular, we present non-standard reasoning methods for detecting and propagating implications of expert decisions on the correctness of a mapping.