Initial-boundary value problems for integrable nonlinear partial differential equations have become tractable in recent years due to the development of so-called unified transform techniques. The main obstruction to applying these methods in practice is that calculation of the spectral transforms of the initial and boundary data requires knowledge of too many boundary conditions, more than are required make the problem well-posed. The elimination of the unknown boundary values is frequently addressed in the spectral domain via the so-called global relation, and types of boundary conditions for which the global relation can be solved are called . For the defocusing nonlinear Schr "odinger equation, the global relation is only known to be explicitly solvable in rather restrictive situations, namely homogeneous boundary conditions of Dirichlet, Neumann, and Robin (mixed) type. General nonhomogeneous boundary conditions are not known to be linearizable. In this paper, we propose an explicit approximation for the nonlinear Dirichlet-to-Neumann map supplied by the defocusing nonlinear Schr "odinger equation and use it to provide approximate solutions of general nonhomogeneous boundary value problems for this equation posed as an initial-boundary value problem on the half-line. Our method sidesteps entirely the solution of the global relation. The accuracy of our method is proven in the semiclassical limit, and we provide explicit asymptotics for the solution in the interior of the quarter-plane space-time domain.
The semiclassical limit is, in a sense, the exact opposite to the weakly-nonlinear small-amplitude limit. Indeed, the formal semiclassical limit is given by the strongly nonlinear hyperbolic system . There is at least one other paper in the literature on the subject of semiclassical analysis of the Dirichlet initial-boundary-value problem on the half-line for the defocusing nonlinear Schr "odinger equation, namely a paper of Kamvissis @cite_12 , which directly stimulated our interest in this problem. Like we do, Kamvissis considers general nonhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary data together with homogeneous initial conditions, and he applies the steepest descent methodology for Riemann-Hilbert problems to deduce general properties of the solution in the semiclassical limit. Our Corollary is consistent with Theorem 5 of @cite_12 (the main result of that paper) albeit in the simplest case of genus @math . On the other hand, it is less clear whether the vacuum domain @math described by our Corollary is a special case of Kamvissis' Theorem 5.
@cite_12
38714979 2949393806 2498247430 2140369185
We are studying the semiclassical limit of the 1+1 dimensional integrable nonlinear Schrodinger equation with defocusing cubic nonlinearity on the half line. Our analysis relies on the recent theory of , which reduces boundary value problems for soliton equations to Riemann–Hilbert factorization problems. We employ the method of nonlinear steepest descent to asymptotically deform the given Riemann–Hilbert problem to an explicilty solvable one. We show a new way to round vector solutions of semidefinite programming (SDP) hierarchies into integral solutions, based on a connection between these hierarchies and the spectrum of the input graph. We demonstrate the utility of our method by providing a new SDP-hierarchy based algorithm for constraint satisfaction problems with 2-variable constraints (2-CSP's). More concretely, we show for every 2-CSP instance I a rounding algorithm for r rounds of the Lasserre SDP hierarchy for I that obtains an integral solution that is at most worse than the relaxation's value (normalized to lie in [0,1]), as long as r > k ( ) ( ) ;, where k is the alphabet size of I, @math , and @math denotes the number of eigenvalues larger than @math in the normalized adjacency matrix of the constraint graph of @math . In the case that @math is a instance, the threshold @math is only a polynomial in @math , and is independent of the alphabet size. Also in this case, we can give a non-trivial bound on the number of rounds for instance. In particular our result yields an SDP-hierarchy based algorithm that matches the performance of the recent subexponential algorithm of Arora, Barak and Steurer (FOCS 2010) in the worst case, but runs faster on a natural family of instances, thus further restricting the set of possible hard instances for Khot's Unique Games Conjecture. Our algorithm actually requires less than the @math constraints specified by the @math level of the Lasserre hierarchy, and in some cases @math rounds of our program can be evaluated in time @math . We extend the De Giorgi--Nash--Moser theory to a class of kinetic Fokker-Planck equations and deduce new results on the Landau-Coulomb equation. More precisely, we first study the H o lder regularity and establish a Harnack inequality for solutions to a general linear equation of Fokker-Planck type whose coefficients are merely measurable and essentially bounded, i.e. assuming no regularity on the coefficients in order to later derive results for non-linear problems. This general equation has the formal structure of the hypoelliptic equations "of type II" , sometimes also called ultraparabolic equations of Kolmogorov type, but with rough coefficients: it combines a first-order skew-symmetric operator with a second-order elliptic operator involving derivatives along only part of the coordinates and with rough coefficients. These general results are then applied to the non-negative essentially bounded weak solutions of the Landau equation with inverse-power law @math @math [--d, 1] whose mass, energy and entropy density are bounded and mass is bounded away from 0, and we deduce the H o lder regularity of these solutions. In this article we investigate the relation between consequences of Dirichlet boundary conditions (momenta noncommutativity and parameters of the effective theory) and background fields of fermionic T-dual theory. We impose Dirichlet boundary conditions on the endpoints of the open string propagating in background of type IIB superstring theory. We showed that on the solution of the boundary conditions the momenta become noncommutative, while the coordinates commute. Fermionic Tduality is also introduced and its relation to noncommutativity is considered. We use compact notation so that type IIB superstring formally gets the form of the bosonic one with Grassman variables. Then momenta noncommutativity parameters are fermionic T-dual fields. The effective theory, the initial theory on the solution of boundary conditions, is bilinear in the effective coordinates, odd under world-sheet parity transformation. The effective metric is equal to the initial one and terms with the effective Kalb-Ramond field vanish.