We study compressed sensing (CS) signal reconstruction problems where an input signal is measured via matrix multiplication under additive white Gaussian noise. Our signals are assumed to be stationary and ergodic, but the input statistics are unknown; the goal is to provide reconstruction algorithms that are universal to the input statistics. We present a novel algorithm that combines: (i) the approximate message passing (AMP) CS reconstruction framework, which converts the matrix channel recovery problem into scalar channel denoising; (ii) a universal denoising scheme based on context quantization, which partitions the stationary ergodic signal denoising into independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) subsequence denoising; and (iii) a density estimation approach that approximates the probability distribution of an i.i.d. sequence by fitting a Gaussian mixture (GM) model. In addition to the algorithmic framework, we provide three contributions: (i) numerical results showing that state evolution holds for non-separable Bayesian sliding-window denoisers; (ii) a universal denoiser that does not require the input signal to be bounded; and (iii) we modify the GM learning algorithm, and extend it to an i.i.d. denoiser. Our universal CS recovery algorithm compares favorably with existing reconstruction algorithms in terms of both reconstruction quality and runtime, despite not knowing the input statistics of the stationary ergodic signal.
Fitting Gaussian mixture models: Figueiredo and Jain @cite_3 propose an algorithm that fits a given data sequence with a GM model. The algorithm employs a cost function that resembles the minimum message length (MML) criterion, and the parameters are learned using a modified expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm.
@cite_3
2150260301
This paper proposes a generative model-based speaker clustering algorithm in the maximum a posteriori adapted Gaussian mixture model (GMM) mean supervector space. The algorithm can be viewed as an extension of the standard expectation maximization algorithm for fitting a mixture model to the data, which iterates between two steps - a sample re-assignment step (E-step) and a model re-estimation step (M-step) - until it converges. The directional scattering patterns of GMM mean supervectors suggest that we employ a mixture of von Mises-Fisher distributions in the model re-estimation step. In the sample re-assignment step, four sample-to-mixture assignment strategies, namely soft, hard, stochastic, and deterministic annealing assignments, are used. Our experiments on the GALE Mandarin dataset show that the use of a mixture of von Mises-Fisher distributions as the underlying model yields significantly higher speaker clustering accuracies than the use of a mixture of Gaussian distributions. It is further shown that deterministic annealing assignment outperforms soft assignment, that soft assignment is comparable to stochastic assignment, and that both soft and stochastic assignments outperform hard assignment.