Nowadays, there are plenty of works introducing convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to the steganalysis and exceeding conventional steganalysis algorithms. These works have shown the improving potential of deep learning in information hiding domain. There are also several works based on deep learning to do image steganography, but these works still have problems in capacity, invisibility and security. In this paper, we propose a novel CNN architecture named as to conceal a secret gray image into a color cover image on the sender side and exactly extract the secret image out on the receiver side. There are three contributions in our work: (i) we improve the invisibility by hiding the secret image only in the Y channel of the cover image; (ii) We introduce the generative adversarial networks to strengthen the security by minimizing the divergence between the empirical probability distributions of stego images and natural images. (iii) In order to associate with the human visual system better, we construct a mixed loss function which is more appropriate for steganography to generate more realistic stego images and reveal out more better secret images. Experiment results show that ISGAN can achieve start-of-art performances on LFW, Pascal VOC2012 and ImageNet datasets.
There have been plenty of works using deep learning to do image steganalysis and got excellent performance. @cite_20 proposed a CNN-based steganalysis model GNCNN, the model introduced the hand-crafted KV filter to extract residual noise and used the gaussian activation function to get more useful features. The performance of the GNCNN is inferior to the state-of-the-art hand-crafted feature set spatial rich model (SRM) @cite_3 slightly. Based on GNCNN, @cite_0 presented Batch Normalization @cite_29 in to prevent the network falling into the local minima. XuNet was equipped with Tanh, @math convolution, global average pooling, and got comparable performance to SRM @cite_3 . @cite_16 put forward YeNet which surpassed SRM and its several variants. YeNet used 30 hand-crafted filters from SRM to prepropose images, applied well-designed activation function named TLU and selection-channel module to strengthen features from rich texture region where is more suitable for hiding information. @cite_13 proposed a JPEG steganalysis model with less parameters than XuNet and got better performance than XuNet. These works have applied deep learning to steganalysis successfully, but there is still space for improvement.
@cite_29 @cite_3 @cite_0 @cite_16 @cite_13 @cite_20
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Nowadays, the prevailing detectors of steganographic communication in digital images mainly consist of three steps, i.e., residual computation, feature extraction, and binary classification. In this paper, we present an alternative approach to steganalysis of digital images based on convolutional neural network (CNN), which is shown to be able to well replicate and optimize these key steps in a unified framework and learn hierarchical representations directly from raw images. The proposed CNN has a quite different structure from the ones used in conventional computer vision tasks. Rather than a random strategy, the weights in the first layer of the proposed CNN are initialized with the basic high-pass filter set used in the calculation of residual maps in a spatial rich model (SRM), which acts as a regularizer to suppress the image content effectively. To better capture the structure of embedding signals, which usually have extremely low SNR (stego signal to image content), a new activation function called a truncated linear unit is adopted in our CNN model. Finally, we further boost the performance of the proposed CNN-based steganalyzer by incorporating the knowledge of selection channel. Three state-of-the-art steganographic algorithms in spatial domain, e.g., WOW, S-UNIWARD, and HILL, are used to evaluate the effectiveness of our model. Compared to SRM and its selection-channel-aware variant maxSRMd2, our model achieves superior performance across all tested algorithms for a wide variety of payloads. Current work on steganalysis for digital images is focused on the construction of complex handcrafted features. This paper proposes a new paradigm for steganalysis to learn features automatically via deep learning models. We novelly propose a customized Convolutional Neural Network for steganalysis. The proposed model can capture the complex dependencies that are useful for steganalysis. Compared with existing schemes, this model can automatically learn feature representations with several convolutional layers. The feature extraction and classification steps are unified under a single architecture, which means the guidance of classification can be used during the feature extraction step. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model on three state-of-theart spatial domain steganographic algorithms - HUGO, WOW, and S-UNIWARD. Compared to the Spatial Rich Model (SRM), our model achieves comparable performance on BOSSbase and the realistic and large ImageNet database.  (2015) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only. This paper introduces a novel feature set for steganalysis of JPEG images. The features are engineered as first-order statistics of quantized noise residuals obtained from the decompressed JPEG image using 64 kernels of the discrete cosine transform (DCT) (the so-called undecimated DCT). This approach can be interpreted as a projection model in the JPEG domain, forming thus a counterpart to the projection spatial rich model. The most appealing aspect of this proposed steganalysis feature set is its low computational complexity, lower dimensionality in comparison with other rich models, and a competitive performance with respect to previously proposed JPEG domain steganalysis features. Adoption of deep learning in image steganalysis is still in its initial stage. In this paper, we propose a generic hybrid deep-learning framework for JPEG steganalysis incorporating the domain knowledge behind rich steganalytic models. Our proposed framework involves two main stages. The first stage is hand-crafted, corresponding to the convolution phase and the quantization and truncation phase of the rich models. The second stage is a compound deep-neural network containing multiple deep subnets, in which the model parameters are learned in the training procedure. We provided experimental evidence and theoretical reflections to argue that the introduction of threshold quantizers, though disabling the gradient-descent-based learning of the bottom convolution phase, is indeed cost-effective. We have conducted extensive experiments on a large-scale data set extracted from ImageNet. The primary data set used in our experiments contains 500 000 cover images, while our largest data set contains five million cover images. Our experiments show that the integration of quantization and truncation into deep-learning steganalyzers do boost the detection performance by a clear margin. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our framework is insensitive to JPEG blocking artifact alterations, and the learned model can be easily transferred to a different attacking target and even a different data set. These properties are of critical importance in practical applications. In this paper, we present a new image forgery detection method based on deep learning technique, which utilizes a convolutional neural network (CNN) to automatically learn hierarchical representations from the input RGB color images. The proposed CNN is specifically designed for image splicing and copy-move detection applications. Rather than a random strategy, the weights at the first layer of our network are initialized with the basic high-pass filter set used in calculation of residual maps in spatial rich model (SRM), which serves as a regularizer to efficiently suppress the effect of image contents and capture the subtle artifacts introduced by the tampering operations. The pre-trained CNN is used as patch descriptor to extract dense features from the test images, and a feature fusion technique is then explored to obtain the final discriminative features for SVM classification. The experimental results on several public datasets show that the proposed CNN based model outperforms some state-of-the-art methods. We describe a novel general strategy for building steganography detectors for digital images. The process starts with assembling a rich model of the noise component as a union of many diverse submodels formed by joint distributions of neighboring samples from quantized image noise residuals obtained using linear and nonlinear high-pass filters. In contrast to previous approaches, we make the model assembly a part of the training process driven by samples drawn from the corresponding cover- and stego-sources. Ensemble classifiers are used to assemble the model as well as the final steganalyzer due to their low computational complexity and ability to efficiently work with high-dimensional feature spaces and large training sets. We demonstrate the proposed framework on three steganographic algorithms designed to hide messages in images represented in the spatial domain: HUGO, edge-adaptive algorithm by Luo , and optimally coded ternary 1 embedding. For each algorithm, we apply a simple submodel-selection technique to increase the detection accuracy per model dimensionality and show how the detection saturates with increasing complexity of the rich model. By observing the differences between how different submodels engage in detection, an interesting interplay between the embedding and detection is revealed. Steganalysis built around rich image models combined with ensemble classifiers is a promising direction towards automatizing steganalysis for a wide spectrum of steganographic schemes.