This paper studies online transmission policies for an energy harvesting transmitter. Unlike the existing online policies which more or less require the knowledge on the future behavior of the energy and data arrival processes, we consider a practical but significantly more challenging scenario where the energy and data arrival processes are assumed to be totally unknown. Our design is formulated as a robust-optimal control problem which aims to optimize the worst-case performance. The transmission policy is designed only based on the current battery energy level and the data queue length directly monitored by the transmitter itself. Specifically, we apply an event-trigger approach in which the transmitter continuously monitors the battery energy and data queue length, and triggers an event when a significant change occurs in either of them. Once an event is triggered, the transmission policy is updated by the solution to the robust-optimal control problem. We consider both the transmission time and throughput as the performance metrics and formulated two optimization problems. The solutions are given in either a simple analytical form or an easy-to-implement algorithm.
Our paper is mostly related to the recent work in @cite_24 @cite_15 @cite_11 , which considered the similar assumptions that the future energy arrival is unknown. @cite_24 @cite_15 @cite_11 , the competitive analysis @cite_17 was employed to minimize the gap between online and offline performances. However, minimizing this gap cannot directly guarantee a certain system performance (e.g., optimal worst-case performance) of online algorithms. Additionally, these recent studies still considered time-slotted systems, and hence, the transmission protocol is updated in every time slot, regardless of the change in the amount of energy available.
@cite_24 @cite_15 @cite_17 @cite_11
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A competitive analysis for the online and offline optimization problems for a slotted energy harvesting (EH) wireless communication system is studied. The objective is to design online strategies that minimize the competitive rate gap that is defined as the maximum gap between the optimal rates that can be achieved by the offline and online policies over all possible energy arrival profiles. It is shown that the competitive rate gap is upper-bounded by the logarithm of the number of slots, and a myopic online transmission policy is proposed that achieves a lower rate gap. Citation relationship between scientific publications has been successfully used for scholarly bibliometrics, information retrieval and data mining tasks, and citation-based recommendation algorithms are well documented. While previous studies investigated citation relations from various viewpoints, most of them share the same assumption that, if paper1 cites paper2 (or author1 cites author2), they are connected, regardless of citation importance, sentiment, reason, topic, or motivation. However, this assumption is oversimplified. In this study, we employ an innovative "context-rich heterogeneous network" approach, which paves a new way for citation recommendation task. In the network, we characterize 1) the importance of citation relationships between citing and cited papers, and 2) the topical citation motivation. Unlike earlier studies, the citation information, in this paper, is characterized by citation textual contexts extracted from the full-text citing paper. We also propose algorithm to cope with the situation when large portion of full-text missing information exists in the bibliographic repository. Evaluation results show that, context-rich heterogeneous network can significantly enhance the citation recommendation performance. A citing sentence is one that appears in a scientific article and cites previous work. Citing sentences have been studied and used in many applications. For example, they have been used in scientific paper summarization, automatic survey generation, paraphrase identification, and citation function classification. Citing sentences that cite multiple papers are common in scientific writing. This observation should be taken into consideration when using citing sentences in applications. For instance, when a citing sentence is used in a summary of a scientific paper, only the fragments of the sentence that are relevant to the summarized paper should be included in the summary. In this paper, we present and compare three different approaches for identifying the fragments of a citing sentence that are related to a given target reference. Our methods are: word classification, sequence labeling, and segment classification. Our experiments show that segment classification achieves the best results. Scholars are increasingly citing electronic web references which are not preserved in libraries or full text archives. WebCite is a new standard for citing web references. To webcite a document involves archiving the cited Web page through www.webcitation.org and citing the WebCite permalink instead of (or in addition to) the unstable live Web page. This journal has amended its instructions for authors accordingly, asking authors to archive cited Web pages before submitting a manuscript. Almost 200 other journals are already using the system. We discuss the rationale for WebCite, its technology, and how scholars, editors, and publishers can benefit from the service. Citing scholars initiate an archiving process of all cited Web references, ideally before they submit a manuscript. Authors of online documents and websites which are expected to be cited by others can ensure that their work is permanently available by creating an archived copy using WebCite and providing the citation information including the WebCite link on their Web document(s). Editors should ask their authors to cache all cited Web addresses (Uniform Resource Locators, or URLs) prospectively before submitting their manuscripts to their journal. Editors and publishers should also instruct their copyeditors to cache cited Web material if the author has not done so already. Finally, WebCite can process publisher submitted citing articles (submitted for example as eXtensible Markup Language [XML] documents) to automatically archive all cited Web pages shortly before or on publication. Finally, WebCite can act as a focussed crawler, caching retrospectively references of already published articles. Copyright issues