There are so many vehicles in the world and the number of vehicles is increasing rapidly. To alleviate the parking problems caused by that, the smart parking system has been developed. The parking planning is one of the most important parts of it. An effective parking planning strategy makes the better use of parking resources possible. In this paper, we present a feasible method to do parking planning. We transform the parking planning problem into a kind of linear assignment problem. We take vehicles as jobs and parking spaces as agents. We take distances between vehicles and parking spaces as costs for agents doing jobs. Then we design an algorithm for this particular assignment problem and solve the parking planning problem. The method proposed can give timely and efficient guide information to vehicles for a real time smart parking system. Finally, we show the effectiveness of the method with experiments over some data, which can simulate the situation of doing parking planning in the real world.
T. Litman @cite_4 presents a comprehensive implementation guide on parking management, including parking planning practices. The study of M. Idris @cite_5 reviews the evolution of parking space occupancy detection. The detection technology makes the status of the parking space available for the parking management system. S. Zeitman @cite_3 invents a communication system for the parking management system. They provide a method to establish communication between municipality, driver and parking spaces. S. Shaheen @cite_2 documents the research and feasibility analysis for the design and implementation of parking management field test. Their report gives a description of the parking field test and its technology in detail. R. Lu @cite_0 provides a solution for smart parking scheme through taking advantage of communication between vehicules. Our method is different since we study the problem of processing parking planning on a real time smart parking system, then sending the guide information to vehicles.
@cite_4 @cite_3 @cite_0 @cite_2 @cite_5
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A parking management communication system including a central control unit (12) having a database (14), a central interface unit (16) and at least one user interface (20, 22, and 26), the central interface unit (16) being in communication with the at least one user interface unit (20, 22, and 26) via at least one of wired and wireless communication link. Searching for a vacant parking space in a congested area or a large parking lot and preventing auto theft are major concerns to our daily lives. In this paper, we propose a new smart parking scheme for large parking lots through vehicular communication. The proposed scheme can provide the drivers with real-time parking navigation service, intelligent anti- theft protection, and friendly parking information dissemination. Performance analysis via extensive simulations demonstrates its efficiency and practicality. Keywords— Vehicular communications; smart parking; navi- gation; anti-theft; information dissemination; security & privacy In almost every major city in the U.S. and internationally, parking problems are ubiquitous. It is well known that the limited availability of parking contributes to roadway congestion, air pollution, and driver frustration and that the cost of expanding traditional parking capacity is frequently prohibitive. However, less research has addressed the effect of insufficient parking at transit stations on transit use. In the San Francisco Bay Area, parking has recently been at or near capacity at many of the 31 Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) District stations with parking facilities. Smart parking management technologies may provide a cost-effective tool to address near-term parking constraints at BART transit stations. This report presents early findings from an application of advanced parking technologies to maximize existing parking capacity at the Rockridge BART station, which was launched in December 2004 in the East San Francisco Bay Area. The smart parking system includes traffic sensors that count the number of vehicles entering and exiting the parking lots at the station. A reservation system allows travelers to reserve spaces by Internet, personal digital assistant (PDA), phone, and cell phone. The real-time information obtained from the sensors and the reservation system is displayed on variable message signs (VMS) (on Highway 24 leading to the station) to alert drivers of parking space availability. Before and after surveys and focus groups will be used to evaluate the travel effects, economic potential, and system technology of the field test. This report consists of three major sections: * A literature review in which the effectiveness of different types and applications of smart parking management systems are evaluated; * A feasibility analysis, including focus groups, surveys, and observational analyses, which guides the development and initial evaluation of the smart parking field test; and * A smart parking project description, which includes the applied demonstration design and technology. Service technology such as Web services has been one of the mainstream technologies in today’s software development. Distributed services may suffer from communication problems or contain faults themselves, and hence service consumers may experience service interruption. A solution is to create services which can tolerate faults so that failures can be made transparent to the consumers. Since there are many patterns of software fault tolerance available, we end up with a question of which pattern should be applied to a particular service. This paper attempts to recommend to service developers the patterns for fault tolerant services. A recommendation model is proposed based on characteristics of the service itself and of the service provision environment. Once a fault tolerance pattern is chosen, a fault tolerant version of the service can be created as a WS-BPEL service. A software tool is developed to assist in pattern recommendation and generation of the fault tolerant service version.