Internet of Things (IoT) systems have aroused enthusiasm and concerns. Enthusiasm comes from their utilities in people daily life, and concerns may be associated with privacy issues. By using two IoT systems as case-studies, we examine users' privacy beliefs, concerns and attitudes. We focus on four major dimensions: the collection of personal data, the inference of new information, the exchange of information to third parties, and the risk-utility trade-off posed by the features of the system. Altogether, 113 Brazilian individuals answered a survey about such dimensions. Although their perceptions seem to be dependent on the context, there are recurrent patterns. Our results suggest that IoT users can be classified into unconcerned, fundamentalists and pragmatists. Most of them exhibit a pragmatist profile and believe in privacy as a right guaranteed by law. One of the most privacy concerning aspect is the exchange of personal information to third parties. Individuals' perceived risk is negatively correlated with their perceived utility in the features of the system. We discuss practical implications of these results and suggest heuristics to cope with privacy concerns when designing IoT systems.
In information and communications technology (ICT), the concept of privacy is usually associated to the degree of control over the flow of personal information @cite_15 . In this context, people associate privacy to something regarding to their level of control over the collection of personal information, and usage of the collected information, and the third parties that can have access to the information, such as relatives, friends, hierarchical superiors, and government agencies @cite_32 @cite_15 @cite_33 .
@cite_15 @cite_32 @cite_33
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This study investigates the composition of consumer’s security and privacy perceptions of mobile commerce (m-commerce) and the factors shaping these security and privacy perceptions. Based on literature review, we examined the effect of eight determinants: information type, information collection, secondary use of information, error, unauthorized access, location awareness, information transfer, and personalization; on security and privacy concerns in the m-commerce context. Analysis of data from 141 respondents revealed three dimensions for the security and privacy perception construct. Hence, three models were tested to address the impacts of these factors on the three dimensions: consumers’ confidence of information control, concerns on third party, and the awareness of information protection in the mcommerce context. The study has implications for professionals to meet the consumers’ requirements and expectations on security and privacy for m-commerce. Privacy concerns are identified as one of the main factors that have a negative impact on Internet users' online behaviour. Often, Internet users do not have confidence that a web site will ensure their privacy either in collection nor in future usage of their personal information. In this article we propose a categorization of factors that can influence users' privacy perception during their online activity. Furthermore, we report on a research model for Internet users' privacy perception, and a pilot study performed among online shopping Internet banking users.