Considering the advances in building monitoring and control through networks of interconnected devices, effective handling of the associated rich data streams is becoming an important challenge. In many situations the application of conventional system identification or approximate grey-box models, partly theoretic and partly data-driven, is either unfeasible or unsuitable. The paper discusses and illustrates an application of black-box modelling achieved using data mining techniques with the purpose of smart building ventilation subsystem control. We present the implementation and evaluation of a data mining methodology on collected data over one year of operation. The case study is carried out on four air handling units of a modern campus building for preliminary decision support for facility managers. The data processing and learning framework is based on two steps: raw data streams are compressed using the Symbolic Aggregate Approximation method, followed by the resulting segments being input into a Support Vector Machine algorithm. The results are useful for deriving the behaviour of each equipment in various modi of operation and can be built upon for fault detection or energy efficiency applications. Challenges related to online operation within a commercial Building Management System are also discussed as the approach shows promise for deployment.
A paper focused on energy-efficiency improvements leveraging available building-level data for data mining is @cite_7 . The authors list the main predictive tasks in which data mining of large quantities of measurements and contextual information is relevant. These cover: building energy demand prediction, building occupancy and occupant behaviour and fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) for building systems. @cite_17 and @cite_5 further argument through broader studies the relevance of data-driven approaches in timely building energy efficiency applications.
@cite_5 @cite_7 @cite_17
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Abstract Due to its significant contribution to global energy usage and the associated greenhouse gas emissions, existing building stock's energy efficiency must improve. Predictive building control promises to contribute to that by increasing the efficiency of building operations. Predictive control complements other means to increase performance such as refurbishments as well as modernizations of systems. This survey reviews recent works and contextualizes these with the current state of the art of interrelated topics in data handling, building automation, distributed control, and semantics. The comprehensive overview leads to seven research questions guiding future research directions. Abstract The rapidly growing and gigantic body of stored data in the building field, coupled with the need for data analysis, has generated an urgent need for powerful tools that can extract hidden but useful knowledge of building performance improvement from large data sets. As an emerging subfield of computer science, data mining technologies suit this need well and have been proposed for relevant knowledge discovery in the past several years. Aimed to highlight recent advances, this paper provides an overview of the studies undertaking the two main data mining tasks (i.e. predictive tasks and descriptive tasks) in the building field. Based on the overview, major challenges and future research trends are also discussed. Abstract Energy is the lifeblood of modern societies. In the past decades, the world's energy consumption and associated CO2 emissions increased rapidly due to the increases in population and comfort demands of people. Building energy consumption prediction is essential for energy planning, management, and conservation. Data-driven models provide a practical approach to energy consumption prediction. This paper offers a review of the studies that developed data-driven building energy consumption prediction models, with a particular focus on reviewing the scopes of prediction, the data properties and the data preprocessing methods used, the machine learning algorithms utilized for prediction, and the performance measures used for evaluation. Based on this review, existing research gaps are identified and future research directions in the area of data-driven building energy consumption prediction are highlighted.