Degrees of freedom (DoFs) gains are studied in wireless networks with cooperative transmission under a backhaul load constraint that limits the average number of messages that can be delivered from a centralized controller to base station transmitters. The backhaul load is defined as the sum of all the messages available at all the transmitters per channel use, normalized by the number of users. For Wyner’s linear interference network, where each transmitter is connected to the receiver having the same index as well as one succeeding receiver, the per user DoF is characterized and the optimal scheme is presented. Furthermore, it is shown that the optimal assignment of messages to transmitters is asymmetric and satisfies a local cooperation constraint and the optimal coding scheme relies only on one-shot cooperative zero-forcing transmit beamforming. Using insights from the analysis of Wyner’s linear interference network, the results are extended to the more practical hexagonal sectored cellular network, and coding schemes based on cooperative zero-forcing are shown to deliver significant DoF gains. It is established that by allowing for cooperative transmission and a flexible message assignment that is constrained only by an average backhaul load, one can deliver the rate gains promised by information-theoretic upper bounds with practical one-shot schemes that incur little or no additional load on the backhaul. Finally, useful upper bounds on the per user DoF for schemes based on cooperative zero-forcing are presented for lower values of the average backhaul load constraint, and an optimization framework is formulated for the general converse problem.
Degrees of freedom gains in the hexagonal cellular downlink using cooperative transmission was considered in @cite_8 , where the transmitting basestations cooperate by exchanging quantized dirty paper coded signals. However, implementing such a scheme can face practical challenges as each transmitter gets its message only after a series of preceding transmitters have encoded their messages; this will require either significant delay or coding over multiple time slots. Further, under this setting, the only way for messages to be delivered to transmitters through a centralized controller, is for the controller to be aware of the channel state information.
@cite_8
2180674075
The implementation of a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) with full dimensional (FD) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is faced with the challenge of controlling the fronthaul overhead for the transmission of baseband signals as the number of horizontal and vertical antennas grows larger. This paper proposes to leverage the special low-rank structure of the FD-MIMO channel, which is characterized by a time-invariant elevation component and a time-varying azimuth component, by means of a layered precoding approach, to reduce the fronthaul overhead. According to this scheme, separate precoding matrices are applied for the azimuth and elevation channel components, with different rates of adaptation to the channel variations and correspondingly different impacts on the fronthaul capacity. Moreover, we consider two different central unit (CU)-radio unit (RU) functional splits at the physical layer, namely, the conventional C-RAN implementation and an alternative one in which coding and precoding are performed at the RUs. Via numerical results, it is shown that the layered schemes significantly outperform conventional nonlayered schemes, particularly in the regime of low fronthaul capacity and a large number of vertical antennas.