Cloud computing is revolutionizing the ICT landscape by providing scalable and efficient computing resources on demand. The ICT industry --- especially data centers, are responsible for considerable amounts of CO2 emissions and will very soon be faced with legislative restrictions, such as the Kyoto protocol, defining caps at different organizational levels (country, industry branch etc.) A lot has been done around energy efficient data centers, yet there is very little work done in defining flexible models considering CO2. In this paper we present a first attempt of modeling data centers in compliance with the Kyoto protocol. We discuss a novel approach for trading credits for emission reductions across data centers to comply with their constraints. CO2 caps can be integrated with Service Level Agreements and juxtaposed to other computing commodities (e.g. computational power, storage), setting a foundation for implementing next-generation schedulers and pricing models that support Kyoto-compliant CO2 trading schemes.
In @cite_16 the HGreen heuristic is proposed to schedule batch jobs on the greenest resource first, based on prior energy efficiency benchmarking of all the nodes, but not how to optimize a job once it is allocated to a node - how much of its resources is it allowed to consume. A similar multiple-node-oriented scheduling algorithm is presented in @cite_9 .
@cite_9 @cite_16
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Currently, more and more vendors such as Amazon, Google, IBM and Microsoft are dedicated to developing their cloud platforms for increasing large-scale data and more complex software systems. The cloud computing technique is rapidly changing the computing environment for various applications. However, a large number of cloud servers consume massive energy and produce huge pollution. The Smart2020 analysis shows that cloud-based computing data center and the telecommunication network will generate emission about 7 and 5 each year in 2002 and 2020, respectively. This paper aims to develop a new green algorithm that can help multiple CPUs in the cloud network not only complete the tasks before a deadline, but also greatly reduce the energy consumption. Our new green algorithm with human intelligence can effectively make task assignments via partial task shuffling and adjust the cloud servers' speeds through smart task allocation under the time constraint. Sufficient simulation results indicate that the new green algorithm with intelligent strategies is effective compared with a traditional method and another new method. In the future, we will apply both ancient and modern human's intelligent strategies to improve green optimization algorithms. Grid computing represents the main solution to integrate distributed and heterogeneous resources in global scale. However, the infrastructure necessary for maintaining a global grid in production is huge. Such fact has led to excessive power consumption. On the other hand, most green strategies for data centers are DVS (Dynamic Voltage Scaling)-based and become difficult to implement them in global grids. This paper proposes the HGreen heuristic (Heavier Tasks on Maximum Green Resource) and defines a workflow scheduling algorithm in order to implement it on global grids. HGreen algorithm aims to prioritize energy-efficient resources and explores workflow application profiles. Simulation results have shown that the proposed algorithm can significantly reduce the power consumption in global grids.