The problem of multi-area interchange scheduling under system uncertainty is considered. A new scheduling technique is proposed for a multi-proxy bus system based on stochastic optimization that captures uncertainty in renewable generation and stochastic load. In particular, the proposed algorithm iteratively optimizes the interface flows using a multidimensional demand and supply functions. Optimality and convergence are guaranteed for both synchronous and asynchronous scheduling under nominal assumptions.
The second category includes the current industrial practices based on the so-called proxy bus approximation @cite_8 @cite_14 @cite_2 . The proxy bus is a trading location at which market participants can buy and sell electricity. In @cite_14 , a coordinated interchange scheduling scheme is proposed for the co-optimization of energy and ancillary services. The proposal of coordinated transaction scheduling (CTS) in @cite_8 is a state-of-the-art scheduling technique based on the economic argument using supply and demand functions exchanged by the neighboring operators. When there is only a single interface in a two-area system, such functions can be succinctly characterized, and the exchange is only made once; the need of iterations among operators is eliminated. Built upon the idea of CTS, a stochastic CTS for the two-area single-interface scheduling problem is proposed in @cite_2 .
@cite_14 @cite_2 @cite_8
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This paper presents a joint market structure for energy, spinning reserves and VAR support in a multiarea setting. It is based on a cooptimization that can simultaneously optimize all three commodities across the "seams". An auxiliary problem principle based decomposition scheme is applied to the overall optimization for coordinating interchanges of energy and ancillary services between control areas. The proposed decomposition approach preserves independent dispatching for neighboring areas while achieves overall optimum. Nodal prices for energy and opportunity cost payments to forgone energy profit due to providing reserves and VAR support are also addressed. We believe the algorithm is of particular interest in the restructuring electricity industry for resolving seams issues. An illustrative example of a modified IEEE 30-bus system is used to demonstrate the validity of proposed algorithm. The problem of inter-regional interchange scheduling in the presence of stochastic generation and load is considered. An interchange scheduling technique based on a two-stage stochastic minimization of expected operating cost is proposed. Because directly solving the stochastic optimization is intractable, an equivalent problem that maximizes the expected social welfare is formulated. The proposed technique leverages the operator's capability of forecasting locational marginal prices and obtains the optimal interchange schedule without iterations among operators. Several extensions of the proposed technique are also discussed.