This article proposes a novel energy-efficient multimedia delivery system called EStreamer. First, we study the relationship between buffer size at the client, burst-shaped TCP-based multimedia traffic, and energy consumption of wireless network interfaces in smartphones. Based on the study, we design and implement EStreamer for constant bit rate and rate-adaptive streaming. EStreamer can improve battery lifetime by 3x, 1.5x, and 2x while streaming over Wi-Fi, 3G, and 4G, respectively.
Traffic shaping is widely used to save communication energy for wireless multimedia streaming @cite_14 . 9.wang proposed an adaptive streaming technique for the UDP-based multimedia streaming. The system works at the server or proxy and manipulates the burst interval depending on the packet loss and network situation experienced by the streaming client. On the other hand, our focus is HTTP over TCP-based streaming. We modeled the energy consumption of bursty TCP traffic. Then we developed EStreamer based on the models. EStreamer depends on standard TCP properties to apply traffic shaping, which greatly simplifies the implementation of energy aware streaming. It does not require either the support of any secondary protocol such as RTCP or the modification of TCP or any other protocols. Therefore, EStreamer can be easily integrated with modern TCP-based streaming services.
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Energy conservation in battery powered mobile devices that perform wireless multimedia streaming has been a significant research problem since last decade. This is because these mobile devices consume a lot of power while receiving, decoding and ultimately, presenting the multimedia content. What makes things worse is the fact that battery technologies have not evolved enough to keep up with the rapid advancement of mobile devices. This survey examines solutions that have been proposed during the last few years, to improve the energy efficiency of wireless multimedia streaming in mobile hand-held devices. We categorize the research work according to different layers of the Internet protocol stack they utilize. Then, we again regroup these studies based on different traffic scheduling and multimedia content adaptation mechanisms. The traffic scheduling category contains those solutions that optimize the wireless receiving energy without changing the actual multimedia content. The second category on the other hand, specifically modifies the content, in order to reduce the energy consumed by the wireless receiver and to decode and view the content. We compare them and provide evidence of the fact that some of these tactics already exist in modern smaprtphones and provide energy savings with real measurements. In addition, we discuss some relevant literature on the complementary problem of energy-aware multimedia delivery from mobile devices and contrast with our target approaches for multimedia transmission to mobile devices.