Convolutional neural networks rely on image texture and structure to serve as discriminative features to classify the image content. Image enhancement techniques can be used as preprocessing steps to help improve the overall image quality and in turn improve the overall effectiveness of a CNN. Existing image enhancement methods, however, are designed to improve the perceptual quality of an image for a human observer. In this paper, we are interested in learning CNNs that can emulate image enhancement and restoration, but with the overall goal to improve image classification and not necessarily human perception. To this end, we present a unified CNN architecture that uses a range of enhancement filters that can enhance image-specific details via end-to-end dynamic filter learning. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this strategy on four challenging benchmark datasets for fine-grained, object, scene, and texture classification: CUB-200-2011, PASCAL-VOC2007, MIT-Indoor, and DTD. Experiments using our proposed enhancement show promising results on all the datasets. In addition, our approach is capable of improving the performance of all generic CNN architectures.
To help to mitigate these problems, @cite_3 designed separate models specialized for each noisy version of an augmented training set. This improved the classification results for noisy data to some extent. @cite_13 explored the potential of jointly training on low-resolution and high-resolution images in order to boost performance on low-resolution inputs. Similar to @cite_13 is 's @cite_39 work, where the authors augment the training set with degradations and fine-tune the network with a diverse mix of different types of degraded and high-quality images to regain much of the lost accuracy on degraded images. In fact, with this approach the authors were able to learn to generate a degradation (particularly blur) invariant representation in their hidden layers.
@cite_13 @cite_3 @cite_39
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Image classification is one of the main research problems in computer vision and machine learning. Since in most real-world image classification applications there is no control over how the images are captured, it is necessary to consider the possibility that these images might be affected by noise (e.g. sensor noise in a low-quality surveillance camera). In this paper we analyse the impact of three different types of noise on descriptors extracted by two widely used feature extraction methods (LBP and HOG) and how denoising the images can help to mitigate this problem. We carry out experiments on two different datasets and consider several types of noise, noise levels, and denoising methods. Our results show that noise can hinder classification performance considerably and make classes harder to separate. Although denoising methods were not able to reach the same performance of the noise-free scenario, they improved classification results for noisy data. State-of-the-art algorithms for many semantic visual tasks are based on the use of convolutional neural networks. These networks are commonly trained, and evaluated, on large annotated datasets of artifact-free high-quality images. In this paper, we investigate the effect of one such artifact that is quite common in natural capture settings: optical blur. We show that standard network models, trained only on high-quality images, suffer a significant degradation in performance when applied to those degraded by blur due to defocus, or subject or camera motion. We investigate the extent to which this degradation is due to the mismatch between training and input image statistics. Specifically, we find that fine-tuning a pre-trained model with blurred images added to the training set allows it to regain much of the lost accuracy. We also show that there is a fair amount of generalization between different degrees and types of blur, which implies that a single network model can be used robustly for recognition when the nature of the blur in the input is unknown. We find that this robustness arises as a result of these models learning to generate blur invariant representations in their hidden layers. Our findings provide useful insights towards developing vision systems that can perform reliably on real world images affected by blur.