With an increasing degree of automation, automated vehicle systems become more complex in terms of functional components as well as interconnected hardware and software components. Thus, holistic systems engineering becomes a severe challenge. Emergent properties like system safety are not solely arguable in singular viewpoints such as structural representations of software or electrical wiring (e.g. fault tolerant). This states the need to get several viewpoints on a system and describe correspondences between these views in order to enable traceability of emergent system properties. Today, the most abstract view found in architecture frameworks is a logical description of system functions which structures the system in terms of information flow and functional components. In this article we extend established system viewpoints towards a capability-based assessment of an automated vehicle and conduct an exemplary safety analysis to derive behavioral safety requirements. These requirements can afterwards be attributed to different viewpoints in an architecture frameworks and thus be integrated into a development process for automated vehicles.
@cite_0 propose a holistic architecture framework for the automotive industry. The taxonomy is based on a draft version of the later ISO IEC IEEE 42010. The authors propose three levels of abstraction for architecture starting from the most abstract functional architectures. Functional architectures are detailed by logical architectures and then implemented by technical architectures. The mandatory viewpoints for the framework are and . Safety is an example of an optional viewpoint which cross cuts the proposed framework. One of the main motivations to utilize model based development through the architectures is that requirements are neither complete nor static at the beginning of development and have to be analyzed and defined recursively throughout the process. Since the framework does not explicitly model or analyze safety of automotive systems, we see our approach in this contribution as an additional architecture viewpoint and requirement refinement process. Our results can later be used in the existing framework to model safety as an orthogonal or emergent property of a system in several architectures.
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Spiraling vehicle complexity requires an overall architectural concept that provides a total vehicle perspective across all functional domains. Here we summarize the concept and some basic elements of an architecture framework for the automotive industry. We intend to drive the thought process within the automotive industry toward a standardized architectural foundation that builds upon successful examples of similar efforts, such as the Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DoDAF).