Protein bio corona: critical issue in immune nanotoxicology
Abstract With the expansion of the nanomedicine field, the knowledge focusing on the behavior of nanoparticles in the biological milieu has rapidly escalated. Upon introduction to a complex biological system, nanomaterials dynamically interact with all the encountered biomolecules and form the protein "bio corona." The decoration with these surface biomolecules endows nanoparticles with new properties. The present review will address updates of the protein bio corona characteristics as influenced by nanoparticle's physicochemical properties and by the particularities of the encountered biological milieu. Undeniably, bio corona generation influences the efficacy of the nanodrug and guides the actions of innate and adaptive immunity. Exploiting the dynamic process of protein bio corona development in combination with the new engineered horizons of drugs linked to nanoparticles could lead to innovative functional nanotherapies. Therefore, bio medical nanotechnologies should focus on the interactions of nanoparticles with the immune system for both safety and efficacy reasons.
Archives of Toxicology