Endocan and the respiratory system: a review
Endocan, formerly called endothelial cell specific molecule 1, is an endothelial cell associated proteoglycan that is preferentially expressed by renal and pulmonary endothelium. It is upregulated by proangiogenic molecules as well as by pro inflammatory cytokines, and since it reflects endothelial activation and dysfunction, it is regarded as a novel tissue and blood based relevant biomarker. As such, it is increasingly being researched and evaluated in a wide spectrum of healthy and disease pathophysiological processes. Here, we review the present scientific knowledge on endocan, with emphasis on the evidence that underlines its possible clinical value as a prognostic marker in several malignant, inflammatory and obstructive disorders of the respiratory system.
International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease