Is it really theoretical? A review of sampling in grounded theory studies in nursing journals.
BACKGROUND Grounded theory is a distinct method of qualitative research, where core features are theoretical sampling and constant comparative analysis. However, inconsistent application of these activities has been observed in published studies. AIM This review assessed the use of theoretical sampling in grounded theory studies in nursing journals. DESIGN An adapted systematic review was conducted. METHOD Three leading nursing journals (2010 2014) were searched for studies stating grounded theory as the method. Sampling was assessed using a concise rating tool. RESULTS A high proportion (86% of the 134 articles described an iterative process of data collection and analysis. However, half of the studies did not demonstrate theoretical sampling, with many studies declaring or indicating a purposive sampling approach throughout. CONCLUSION Specific reporting guidelines for grounded theory studies should be developed to ensure that study reports describe an iterative process of fieldwork and theoretical development.
Journal of advanced nursing