Neighborhood Level Poverty at Menarche and Prepregnancy Obesity in African American Women
Introduction. Menarche is a critical time point in a woman's reproductive system development; exposures at menarche may influence maternal health. Living in a poorer neighborhood is associated with adult obesity; however, little is known if neighborhood factors at menarche are associated with prepregnancy obesity. Methods. We examined the association of neighborhood level poverty at menarche with prepregnancy body mass index category in 144 pregnant African American women. Address at menarche was geocoded to census tract (closest to year of menarche) neighborhood level poverty was defined as the proportion of residents living under the federal poverty level. Cumulative logistic regression was used to examine the association of neighborhood level poverty at menarche, in quartiles, with categorical prepregnancy BMI. Results. Before pregnancy, 59 (41% women were obese. Compared to women in the lowest neighborhood level poverty quartile, women in the highest quartile had 2.9 [1.2, 6.9] times higher odds of prepregnancy obesity; this was slightly attenuated after adjusting for age, marital status, education, and parity (odds ratio: 2.3 [0.9, 6.3] Conclusions. Living in a higher poverty neighborhood at menarche is associated with prepregnancy obesity in African American women. Future studies are needed to better understand the role of exposures in menarche on health in pregnancy.
Journal of pregnancy