Effective and Efficient Image Copy Detection with Resistance to Arbitrary Rotation
For detecting the image copies of a given original image generated by arbitrary rotation, the existing image copy detection methods can not simultaneously achieve desirable performances in the aspects of both accuracy and efficiency. To address this challenge, a novel effective and efficient image copy detection method is proposed based on two global features extracted from rotation invariant partitions. Firstly, candidate images are preprocessed by an averaging operation to suppress noise. Secondly, the rotation invariant partitions of the preprocessed images are constructed based on pixel intensity orders. Thirdly, two global features are extracted from these partitions by utilizing image gradient magnitudes and orientations, respectively. Finally, the extracted features of images are compared to implement copy detection. Promising experimental results demonstrate our proposed method can effectively and efficiently resist rotations with arbitrary degrees. Furthermore, the performances of the proposed method are also desirable for resisting other typical copy attacks, such as flipping, rescaling, illumination and contrast change, as well as Gaussian noising. key words: image copy detection, copy attacks, arbitrary rotation, rotation invariant, intensity orders
IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst.