Medicao indireta de torque e velocidade angular de motor de corrente continua sem escovas
In some electrical motors applications such as hermetic refrigeration compressors, torque and angular rate are quantities that can fluctuate significantly during an axis revolution. The determination of these variations is of great importance to ensure efficiency to the motor and, in the case of compressors, to guarantee acoustic comfort to the end user. When the motor is inside a sealed enclosure, the determination of these quantities by means of conventional instrumentation is impracticable and obtaining them from external variables becomes an attractive option. Results available in the literature indicate that it is possible to determine the torque and angular rate indirectly in different types of motors associated with hermetic compressors, among them the brushless DC motors, which are fed by electronic converters. In this work, we propose a solution for determination of torque and angular rate of the BLDC from the voltage and current values obtained with such converters. In the proposal, based on the mathematical modeling of the BLDC, the back electromotive force is variable underlying the estimation of the quantities of interest, making necessary to obtain it for any angular position of the rotor. The evaluation of the estimated values through the proposed solution demands the development of a bench with peculiar characteristics. Such a bench should enable, in a novel way, to generate and measure torque oscillations with frequency equal to the rotational frequency, as well as to measure the angular rate and induced voltage of the BLDC. The evaluation of the proposed solution is made by comparing the estimated values with reference values obtained in direct measurement of the variables in this bench. These tests showed the viability of the solution for all the estimated variables, with curves of back electromotive force and angular rate that resemble those of the reference.