Role of Side Chains in b Sheet Self Assembly into Peptide Fibrils. IR and VCD Spectroscopic Studies of Glutamic Acid Containing Peptides.
Poly(glutamic acid) at low pH self assembles after incubation at higher temperature into fibrils composed of antiparallel sheets that are stacked in a b2 type structure whose amide carbonyls have bifurcated H bonds involving the side chains from the next sheet. Oligomers of Glu can also form such structures, and isotope labeling has provided insight into their out of register antiparallel structure Biomacromolecules 2013 14 3880 3891 In this paper we report IR and VCD spectra and transmission electron micrograph (TEM) images for a series of alternately sequenced oligomers, Lys (Aaa Glu)5 Lys NH2, where Aaa was varied over a variety of polar, aliphatic, or aromatic residues. Their spectral and TEM data show that these oligopeptides self assemble into different structures, both local and morphological, that are dependent on both the nature of the Aaa side chains and growth conditions employed. Such alternate peptides substituted with small or polar residues, Ala and Thr, do not yield fibrils; but with b branched aliphatic residues, Val and Ile, that could potentially pack with Glu side chains, these oligopeptides do show evidence of b2 stacking. By contrast, for Leu, with longer side chains, only b1 stacking is seen while with even larger Phe side chains, either b form can be detected separately, depending on preparation conditions. These structures are dependent on high temperature incubation after reducing the pH and in some cases after sonication of initial fibril forms and reincubation. Some of these fibrillar peptides, but not all, show enhanced VCD, which can offer evidence for formation of long, multistrand, often twisted structures. Substitution of Glu with residues having selected side chains yields a variety of morphologies, leading to both b1 and b2 structures, that overall suggests two different packing modes for the hydrophobic side chains depending on size and type.
Langmuir the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids