Testing the alleged superiority of the indulgent parenting style among Spanish adolescents.
BACKGROUND While international studies have reported the superiority of the authoritative style (which combines parental involvement with demandingness) some studies in Spain and in other countries have found that the indulgent style (involvement without demandingness) might be just as good or even better. This study aims to discern whether the differences are cultural or methodological. METHOD 306 adolescents from high schools in Madrid and Valencia (Spain) answered a questionnaire that included two parenting style instruments (SOC 30 and PSI) together with a self esteem scale (AF5) and a question on academic performance. RESULTS Concordance between the two instruments assessing parenting styles was poor. When associating parenting styles (according to the SOC 30) with outcomes (self esteem and academic achievement) results were similar to previous studies in Spain. But if we use the PSI, results were similar to studies in Anglophone countries: the authoritative style achieved the best outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The discrepancies found between studies carried out in Spain and in Anglophone countries do not seem to be due to differences between cultures, but to methodological differences (i.e. differences between the instruments used) If we use the same instruments that were used in Anglophone countries, the most effective parenting style is still the authoritative.
Psicothema