Online Learning, Multimedia, and Emotions
Abstract Online learning and multimedia (OLaM) is the use of software programs to instruct students in content and skills and to facilitate learning in and out of the traditional classroom setting. OLaM is prevalent in most American school settings and is often used with little regard for the emotional effect on children and the related academic outcomes. It may be delivered via a desktop or laptop computer, mobile phone, tablet, or even via a dedicated hardware platform such as an XBox or PlayStation. The emotional state of the student can directly affect both attitude and performance in school. The emotional state of students is often marginalized as unworthy of consideration in mainstream educational settings. In addition, the design of OLaM has an effect on cognitive load and, by extension, academic growth. This chapter includes a discussion of the emotional state and attitudinal changes students undergo, when using OLaM. The work of Richard Mayer in the area of cognitive load and multimedia learning is discussed, along with the author's research with Grade 3 students in New York State. Other studies related to the impact of emotions on learning and technology use are discussed as background. The chapter thus includes theory as well as research, to present conclusions regarding the effect of OLaM, and considerations for educators when making instructional decisions for schools. The role of the student's emotional state when using OLaM, and in response to OLaM, is a key consideration.