Direct Imaging discovery of a second planet candidate around the possibly transiting planet host CVSO 30
We surveyed the 25 Ori association for direct imaging companions. This association has an age of only few million years. Among other targets, we observed CVSO 30, which has recently been identified as the first T Tauri star found to host a transiting planet candidate. We report on photometric and spectroscopic high contrast observations with the Very Large Telescope, the Keck telescopes, and the Calar Alto observatory. They reveal a directly imaged planet candidate close to the young M3 star CVSO 30. The JHK band photometry of the newly identified candidate is at better than 1 sigma consistent with late type giants, early T and early M dwarfs, and free floating planets. Other hypotheses such as galaxies can be excluded at more than 3.5 sigma. A lucky imaging z' photometric detection limit z' 20.5 mag excludes early M dwarfs and results in less than 10 MJup for CVSO 30 c if bound. We present spectroscopic observations of the wide companion that imply that the only remaining explanation for the object is that it is the first very young 10 Myr) L T type planet bound to a star, meaning that it appears bluer than expected as a result of a decreasing cloud opacity at low effective temperatures. Only a planetary spectral model is consistent with the spectroscopy, and we deduce a best fit mass of 4 5 Jupiter masses (total range 0.6 10.2 Jupiter masses) This means that CVSO 30 is the first system in which both a close in and a wide planet candidate are found to have a common host star. The orbits of the two possible planets could not be more different: they have orbital periods of 10.76 hours and about 27000 years. The two orbits may have formed during a mutual catastrophic event of planet planet scattering.