High Speed Railway Communications: From GSM R to LTE R
High speed railways (HSRs) improve the quality of rail services, yield greater customer satisfaction, and help to create socioeconomically balanced societies [1] This highly efficient transport mode creates significant challenges in terms of investment, technology, industry, and environment. To handle increasing traffic, ensure passenger safety, and provide real time multimedia information, a new communication system for HSR is required. In the last decade, public networks have been evolving from voice centric second generation systems, e.g. Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) with limited capabilities, to fourth generation (4G) broad band systems that offer higher data rates, e.g. long term evolution (LTE) It is thus relevant for HSR to replace the current GSM railway (GSM R) technology with the next generation railway dedicated communication system providing improved capacity and capability.
IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine