Rice value chain analysis in Tanzania: identification of constraints, opportunities and upgrading strategies
The importance of rice Oryza sativa L. as a food and cash crop in Eastern Africa, is increasing, but its value chain is becoming complex. In 2012/13, rice value chain analysis was conducted in rice farming systems of Lake, Eastern and Southern Highlands zones of Tanzania. A sample of 240 producers, 60 traders and 30 processors was involved in the study. The aim of this study was to enhance rice actors with knowledge of the rice value chain, and identify feasible upgrading strategies. The study results revealed that rice was staple crop for more than 50% of the communities in Kilombero, Kyela and Mvomero districts; and less than 30% in Rorya, Mbarali and Maswa districts. It was also an important cash crop (79 100% in all districts. About 44 and 61% of the total crop area cultivated per household, in lowland rainfed and irrigated ecosystems, respectively were under rice cultivation. SARO 5 was the only improved variety widely grown by 27% of farmers out of 32 varieties. Rice yield ranged from 1.5 to 4.3 t ha 1 and varied greatly by ecosystem and variety. About 61 93% of farmers sold their rice paddy to collectors, used non standard measurements. Farmers profits ranged from US 206.63 to 994.85 per hectare. Producer's share of selling rice ranged from 34 to 40% This implies that upgrading strategies are required that can increase producers' market share and improve competitiveness of rice value chain. Key Words Lowland rainfed, Oryza sativa