Leptin in normal physiology and leptin resistance
Since the discovery of leptin as an adipokine in 1994, much progress has been made in the research about leptin. Circulating leptin binds to leptin receptor, activates STAT3 dependent and STAT3 independent signaling pathways, and plays an effective role in energy homeostasis, neuroendocrine function and metabolism mainly through acting on the central nervous system, especially the hypothalamus. Leptin resistance is considered as a key risk factor for obesity. Various mechanisms have been formulated in order to explain leptin resistance, including impairment in leptin transport, attenuation in leptin signaling, ER stress, inflammation and deficiency in autophagy. Here, we review our current knowledge about leptin action, leptin signaling and leptin resistance, hoping to provide new ideas for the battle against obesity.Zhai Yao Zi Cong 1994Nian Shou Su Zuo Wei Yi Ge Zhi Fang Xi Bao Yin Zi Bei Fa Xian Guan Yu Shou Su De Yan Jiu Yi Jing Qu De Liao Hen Duo Jin Zhan Shou Su Yu Shou Su Shou Ti De Jie He Zai Zhong Shu Shen Jing Xi Tong Te Bie Shi Zai Xia Qiu Nao Zhong Ji Huo STAT3Yi Lai He Fei Yi Lai De Xin Hao Tong Lu Zai Wei Chi Neng Liang Wen Tai Shen Jing Nei Fen Mi Zuo Yong He Dai Xie Deng Fang Mian Du Fa Hui Liao Hen Zhong Yao De Zuo Yong Shou Su Di Kang Shi Fei Pang De Yi Ge Zhong Yao Wei Xian Yin Su Mu Qian Guan Yu Shou Su Di Kang De Ji Zhi You Hen Duo Bao Gua Shou Su Yun Shu Shou Sun Shou Su Xin Hao Tong Lu Xue Ruo Nei Zhi Wang Ying Ji Yan Zheng He Zi Shi Que Xian Zai Ci Wo Men Dui Shou Su De Gong Neng Shou Su De Xin Hao Tong Lu Shou Su Di Kang Deng Jin Xing Zong Shu Xi Wang Ke Yi Wei Dui Kang Fei Pang De Yan Jiu Ti Gong Xin De Si Lu