Large single crystal growth of MnWO4 type materials from high temperature solutions
A simple high temperature growth apparatus was constructed to obtain large crystals of chemically gradient (In, Na) doped MnWO4 solid solutions. This paper presents the crystal growth and characterization of both MnWO4 and epitaxially grown (In, Na):MnWO4 crystals on MnWO4. These large monolithic crystals were made in two steps: A MnWO4 crystal was grown in the crystallographic main direction [001] applying the Czochralski method, followed by the top seeded growth of (In, Na):MnWO4 solid solutions with an oriented seed crystal of MnWO4. Such a monolithic crystal will serve to fundamental investigation of coupling properties at boundaries between various multiferroic MnWO4 type solid solutions.