Factors Associated With Communicative Participation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
People with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis frequently experience bulbar impairment and dysarthria that may restrict their ability to take part in everyday communication situations. The aim of this study is to examine selected variables that may contribute to restrictions in communicative participation. Community-dwelling participants with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (N = 70) who reported communication changes but continued to use natural speech completed a survey, including the Communicative Participation Item Bank, demographics (age, sex, living situation, employment status, education, and time since diagnosis), and self- reported symptom-related variables (physical activity, emotional problems, fatigue, pain, speech severity, speech usage, and cognitive and communication skills). To identify predictors of restrictions in communicative participation, these variables were entered into a backward stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. Three variables (speech severity, swallowing severity, and speech usage) were included in the final model and accounted for 55% of the variability. Better speech and swallowing skills and higher speech usage are associated with better communicative participation in this sample. Thus, when making clinical decisions regarding intervention, clinicians should continue their efforts to target speech and swallow abilities, while recognizing other variables that have the potential of restricting communicative participation.