In cis autosomal dominant mutation of Senataxin associated with tremor/ataxia syndrome
Senataxin mutations are the molecular basis of two distinct syndromes: (1) ataxia oculomotor apraxia type 2 (AOA2) and (2) juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 4 (ALS4). The authors describe clinical and molecular genetic studies of mother and daughter who display symptoms of cerebellar ataxia/atrophy, oculomotor defects, and tremor. Both patients share Senataxin mutations N603D and Q653K in cis (N603D-Q653K), adjacent to an N-terminal domain thought to function in protein-protein interaction. The N-terminal and helicase domains appear to harbor missense mutation clusters associated with AOA2 and ALS4. Working synergistically, the N603D-Q653K mutations may confer a partial dominant negative effect, acting on the senataxin N-terminal, further expanding the phenotypic spectrum associated with Senataxin mutations.