Effect of Rufinamide on the kainic acid-induced excitotoxic neuronal death in the mouse hippocampus
Rufinamide (RUF) is a structurally unique anti-epileptic drug, used in the treatment of seizure disorders such as Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. In the present study, we investigated whether RUF protected against excitotoxic neuronal damage in the mouse hippocampal CA3 region after intraperitoneal kainic acid (KA) injection. Treatment with 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg RUF significantly decreased the KA-induced neuronal death in the hippocampal CA3 region in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, 100 mg/kg RUF treatment reduced the KA-induced oxidative stress-related increase of MDA level and decrease of total SOD activity in the hippocampus. KA-induced increases of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-1β, levels as well as KA-induced microglial activation were also suppressed by RUF treatment. These results indicate that RUF displays a neuroprotective effect against KA-induced excitotoxic neuronal death in the mouse hippocampus through anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.