Electrical properties of lead telluride single crystals doped with Gd
Temperature dependences of electric conductivity, free carrier concentration and mobility in single-crystalline PbTe: Gd samples with a varied impurity content are investigated. The features of electron transport in PbTe: Gd may be caused by a variable gadolinium valence. The striking result from the Seebeck coefficient measurements is that the thermoelectric power factor increases dramatically. Measurements of the magnetic susceptibility at low temperatures permit us to suggest that Gd ions exist in different charge states.
Hybrid Material-Based Dual-Band Yagi-Uda Antenna with Enhanced Gain for the Ku-Band Applications
In this work, we propose a hybrid material-based Yagi-Uda antenna with dual-band response. The proposed antenna consists of three-driven elements made up of copper, lead and silicon material placed according to the decreasing order of conductivity. Its dipole is excited using the microstrip feedline connected through a PEC vias. The antenna operates at 15.5 and 16.1 GHz resonant frequencies having 1.03% and 2.05% of −10 dB impedance bandwidth for the lower and upper bands, respectively. The dipole of the antenna excites higher order \({\text{TM}}_{16}\) and \({\text{TM}}_{26}\) modes at the resonant frequencies of the passbands. The antenna structure provides peak gain of 9.52 dBi and 8.1 dBi at lower and upper bands, respectively. The proposed antenna may find potential utilization in Ku-band applications.
The High Road: Romantic Tourism, Scotland, and Literature, 1720-1820
Introduction - Daniel Defoe's Account and Description of Scotland - Samuel Johnson's A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland - The Wordsworths' Memorials of a Tour in Scotland, 1803 and Recollections of a Tour Made in wScotland - Smollett's Humphry Clinker and Scott's Waverley - John Keats's Letters and Poems Written During His Tour of Scotland - Conclusion - Works Cited