Numerical Simulation of Airflow Field in Grinding
With a view to find better ways for coolant delivery, the boundary layer of peripheral air of grinding wheel is simulated using finite volume method. By means of introducing Sparlart-Allmaras (SA) model into the mathematical model, the airflow field is calculated and pressure distributions and velocity distributions are obtained by simulations. An experiment is run to testify solutions of numerical simulation accordingly. The simulation solutions are in consistent with the experiment results on the whole. Therefore, this simulation method holds true for predicting the performances of airflow field around grinding wheel when grinding wheel rotates at high speeds. Based on the numerical solution results obtained in this paper, the causes to disadvantage of coolant delivery into the grinding zone are studied from the point of view of the pressure and velocity. In the end, one optimizing way of coolant delivery is specified and a few useful conclusions are drawn for applications of coolant delivery in the course of high speed grinding. Methods and conclusions of this research are available for perfection of grinding theory and applications of cooling in the future.
Application of Lubrication Theory to Fluid Flow in Grinding: Part II—Influence of Wheel and Workpiece Roughness
The objective of this study is to model fluid flow in grinding with nonporous wheels. While Part I focused on the flow in a simplified smooth geometry, in this part the wheel surface roughness is introduced. The applicability of the modified Reynolds equation for laminar flows between rough surfaces is verified experimentally in terms of the developed hydrodynamic pressure, using a resin-bonded diamond grinding wheel. The experiments were performed under the spark-out condition (i.e., with the wheel just touching the workpiece) and in actual grinding. Agreement between theory and experiment is shown for Re <100, but a significant discrepancy (most likely due to turbulence) is observed for 300
The Area of Freedom, Security and Justice ten years on: Successes and future challenges under the Stockholm Programme. CEPS Paperbacks. June 2010
This book celebrates the tenth anniversary of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ) by bringing together the views of key practitioners and policy-makers who have played an outstanding role in thinking about and shaping EU policies on freedom, security and justice. 
 
Ten years ago, the member states transferred competences to the EU for law and policy-making in the fields of immigration, asylum and border controls, and began the transfer process for criminal justice and policing. This decade of European cooperation on AFSJ policies has experienced very dynamic convergence, the enactment of a large body of European law and the setting-up of numerous EU agencies working in these domains. Such dynamism in policy-making has not been without challenges and vulnerabilities, however. As this collective volume shows, the main dilemmas that lie ahead relate to an effective (while more plural) institutional framework under the Treaty of Lisbon, stronger judicial scrutiny through a greater role for national courts and the Court of Justice in Luxembourg, better mechanisms for evaluating and monitoring the implementation of EU AFSJ law and a more solid fundamental rights strategy. The contributions in this volume address the progress achieved so far in these policy areas, identify the challenges for future European cooperation in the AFSJ and put forward possible paths for making more progress in the next generation of the EU’s AFSJ.