The influence of micro coolers on the physical-mechanical characteristics of the steels used in making railway monoblock wheels
Original scientific paper The paper introduces the possibilities of improving mechanical characteristics of the steels used in making railway monoblock wheels, by using micro coolers on steel casting. The laboratory experiments are aimed at studying the control of round cross-section steel ingot solidification by adding crystallization germs in their central area, in order to influence the internal structure and the mechanical characteristics of the steel. The stimulation of heterogeneous germination on the surfaces generated by the particles introduced in the center of the ingot, while it was in a liquid state, leads to the formation of a second solidification front and heat absorption in this area. The data we obtained during the research have been processed in Excel, in order to obtain the correlation equations that express the variation of the steel mechanical characteristics as a function of the chemical structure both for the experimental samples and for the reference ones.
Theory of Solidification
1. Introduction 2. Pure substances 3. Binary substances 4. Nonlinear theory for directional solidification 5. Anisotrophy 6. Disequilibrium 7. Dendrites 8. Eutectics 9. Microscale fluid flow 10. Mesoscale fluid flow 11. Phase-field models.
Crystal pulling from the melt
From the contents: Elements of the process.- Techniques and technology.- Convection and flow in the melt.- Heat transport.- Solute segregation.- The use of a magnetic field.- System dynamics and automatic diameter control.- Morphological stability of a planar ro tating interface.- The cooling crystal.