Estado, crédito e planejamento no desempenho da indústria da construção naval brasileira 1990-2010
The aim of this paper is discuss the recent economic history of the Brazilian shipbuilding industry from 1990 to 2010, highlighting the role of the state, through public policies for the domestic industry and credit linked to the Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Economico e Social (BNDES). During the period last 20 years, the Brazilian shipbuilding sector has undergone two distinct phases: partial dismantling and recovery activities. In addition to the introduction and final considerations, the article is divided into three topics. In the first, we will present a brief characterization of the shipbuilding industry highlighting its productive aspects, organizational and global participation. Will be detailed the process of dismantling part of the shipbuilding industry, focusing on the process of denationalization and in the absence of public policies more intensive. And, finally, will be feature the resumption of activities anchored in the naval orders from Petrobras and offshore vessels.
História Econômica da Construção Naval no Brasil: Formação de Aglomerado e Performance Inovativa
O objetivo deste artigo e descrever e analisar a formacao e a expansao do aglomerado inter-relacionado de estaleiros para a construcao naval, localizado no Rio de Janeiro e em Niteroi. Serao apresentadas as condicoes concretas que possibilitaram o Estado do Rio de Janeiro implantar uma moderna industria da construcao naval pesada, pos-1960, a partir do padrao de acumulacao da economia brasileira. Destacaremos o papel desempenhado pela industria motriz na promocao de uma performance inovadora, por meio de encomendas e aquisicoes. O texto esta dividido em dois periodos: construcao naval no Imperio (1822-1889) e na Republica (1889-1956). Em cada periodo, serao analisados, separadamente, os seguintes topicos: Arsenal de Marinha da Corte e do Rio de Janeiro, estaleiros privados e Marinha Mercante. Na conclusao, serao abordadas as dificuldades enfrentadas pelo Arsenal e pelos estaleiros privados, na transicao tecnologica das embarcacoes de madeira para o ferro e o aco.
Melhoramentos, reaparelhamentos e modernização dos portos brasileiros: a longa e constante espera
The objective of this article is to argue the formation of the Brazilian port system of 1910 (creation of the Federal Inspectorial of the Ports, Rivers and Canals) the 2001 (creation of the Aquatic Way Transport National Agency) detaching the constants initiatives and attempts of improvement, equipment and modernization of the ports. Beyond the introduction and the conclusion, the text is divided in three periods: the beginning of the centralization and the formation of a port national system 1910-1934; b) centralization and planning: equipment and consolidation of a national port system 1934-1990; e) the modernization and privatization of ports 1990-2001. The long one of each period is argued the creation of the diverse responsible agencies for the specific ports, laws and decrees and national ports plans.