Cambodia: A Problem of Peace and Stability
ITH the. signing of the Paris Peace Agreement on a war torn, economically backward Cambodia on 23 October 1991, the n'orld community heaved a singh of relief and hoped that finally, Cambodia, with the U.N. efforts might again emerge as a fully independent, non-aligned and peace loving country. In fact, no other country in South-east Asia has suffered such a succession of troubles as Cambodia in the last few decades. However, the U.N. has taken up a formidable challenge for not only establishing peace in Cambodia but also to run the administration and generate an atmosphere, suitable for a fair and free elections, scheduled for early 1993. But in view of the prevailing scenario in Cambodia, i t is being felt in some quarters that if Khmer Rouge could not effectively be disarmed and the problem of the repatriation of the refugeest is not solved, the Cambodian peace can again prove elusive. These apprehensions are not unfounded because Cambodia has a long history of civil war which become intense duc to the greatpower rivalry. The destruction that Cambodia has experienced in the last few years stands in testimony of the role played by the greatpowers. The events that have occurred in Cambodia in the past and have led to the present of affairs need a careful analysis. The present paper is a modest attempt in understanding the complexities of the Cambodian problem and assess the prospects of peace.
Kampuchean Conflict: The Continuing Stalemate
The war in Kampuchea is perhaps the most bizarre and intricate conflict in recent history. No other war has entangled so many Communist groups-on both sides of the conflict-in such a small country, and yet been such a low-intensity affair for so long. In fact, it is a war of attrition which none of the antagonists has been able to bring to an early end or from which none has seemed eager to walk away. As a result, after nearly nine years, there are still no clear signs indicating that the end is around the corner.
Experimental study on bond behavior between high-strength grout and deformed steel bars
Abstract Engineers use high-strength grout to connect precast concrete members for its low shrinkage and good fluidity. This paper designed 87 central pull-out specimens using the control variable method to investigate the influence of factors on the rebar-grout bond property such as compressive strength, steel grade, bar diameter, transverse stirrups, and bond length. The test result showed that improving grout compressive strength (85.8 MPa–122.7 MPa) cannot improve the bond strength, which was different from the previous conclusions of concrete pull-out tests. Simplified formulas were presented for calculating the characteristic values of bond strength, residual strength, peak slip, and relative slip of load-holding platform based on parameter analysis. Then, a constitutive model was proposed to predict the full-range bond stress-slip curve of high-strength grout and steel bar specimens from bearing to failure. Finally, FEA models were established to evaluate the applicability and accuracy of the constitutive model.