Thermodynamic design data for absorption heat transformers—Part II. Operating on water-calcium chloride
Abstract The Gibbs phase rule and the thermodynamic properties of the working pair limit the choice of operating temperatures. For any combination of the temperatures, the concentrations in the absorber and the generator and hence the flow ratio are fixed. For any particular working pair, the coefficient of performance is related to the flow ratio. Tables of possible combinations of operating temperatures and concentrations, including flow ratios, Carnot coefficients of performance and enthalpy based coefficients of performance have been presented for absorption heat transformers operating on water-lithium bromide. The interaction of operating temperatures has been illustrated graphically.
A study of economiser performance in a water-lithium bromide absorption cooler
Abstract The effectiveness of an economiser heat exchanger in a water-lithium bromide absorption cooler has been shown to decrease with increases in flow ratio and cooling capacity. Experiments have been carried out with six levels of cooling capacity and nine values of flow ratios.
Flow in a branching open channel: a review
Branching channel flow refers to any side water withdrawals from rivers or main channels. Branching channels have wide application in many practical projects, such as irrigation and drainage network systems, water and waste water treatment plants, and many water resources projects. In the last decades, extensive theoretical and experimental investigations of the branching open channels have been carried out to understand the characteristics of this branching flow, varying from case studies to theoretical and experimental investigations. The objectives of this paper are to review and summarise the relevant literatures regarding branching channel flow. These literatures were reviewed based on flow characteristics, physical characteristics, and modeling of the branching flow. Investigations of the flow into branching channel show that the branching discharge depends on many interlinked parameters. It increases with the decreasing of the main channel flow velocity and Froude number at the upstream of the branch channel junction. Also it increases with the increasing of the branch channel bed slope. In subcritical flow, water depth in the branch channel is always lower than the main channel water depth. The flow diversion to the branch channel leads to an increase of water depth at the downstream of the main channel. From the review, it is important to highlight that most of the study concentrated on flow characteristics in a right angle branch channel with a rigid boundary. Investigations on different branching angles with movable bed have still to be explored.