THE SITING OF A PRISON COMPLEX ABOVE AN ABANDONED UNDERGROUND COAL MINEl by
-. This roper discusses in *M tie process undetien to mitigate the effects of any fiture mine subsidence on prison structures proposed above old abandoned underground workings. The site for a proposed prison complex purchased by the State of Indiana was located in west-central Indiana and was undermined by an old abandoned room and pillar mine. The original plan for construcdon cmsisted of one phase. Based on a study of the mine map and subsurface verification of the extent of mining it was determined that all prison buildings and important structures could be placed above solid coal to the north. One masonry building, however, was located within the potential draw zone of mine works which still contained significant mine voids. Based on empirical data the subsidence potential was estimated and the building waa accordingly designed to be mine subsidence mktant It was decided that a phase two prison complex should be constructed adjacent to and just south of the Phase I complex. This complex would be directly above the underground workings. The first stage of design was to minimim subsidence potential by positioning the exposure of significant structures to the subjacent mining assuming the mine map was sufficiently accurate. Subsequently, an extensive subsurface investigation program was then undertaken to: 1. ascertain whether or not mine areas where buildings would be located were already collapsed and thus only nominal, if any, subsidence could occur in the fhture; and 2. ver@ the presence of solid coal areas within the mine as indicated on the mine map. Based on all the site information gathered subsidence pmfilea were developedfkoman empirical data base of subsidence events in the Illinois Coal Basin. As a result of this work many structures on the site required no or nominal subsidence considerations. For others that could be potentially affected by future subsidence movement, however, preliminary subsidence resistant designs were completed using the expected level of potential subsidence movement. The estimated costs to make each of these structure subsidence resistant waa significant. Mine backfilling measures were taken at these structure locations.
Mining subsidence engineering
If large, continuous cavities are created underground, as for example in coal mining, the layers of rock over the deposit generally break and subside. The subsidence can be reduced in amount and severity by filling in, or “stowing,” the mine cavity with waste material. In the course of subsiding, the land surface deforms into a generally flat, plate-shaped trough, the edge of which travels ahead of the mine working.The effects of mining may simultaneously cause a structure to subside, tilt, bend, and be extended or compressed, with extension and compression sometimes alternating. Areas turned into swamp or placed permanently under groundwater have to be kept drained.
Experiments on strength of small pillars of coal in the Pittsburgh bed
Report describes methods of testing seven small pillars in place in the Experimental mine; all pillars were square in horizontal cross section. Paper is a summary of progress in an investigation which, in so far as authors know, has had no previous counterpart.