Magnetic Field and Beam Dynamics Calculations for SUSE
The SuSe magnet system is designed using the program GFUN3D. A small version of this program was connected to a general fit program by means of which the current in the main and trim coils was determined for a given isochronous mean field B¿(r). For beam dynamics calculations with the code GOC accurate fields (¿B¿/B¿ ¿ 1%) were used which were obtained by means of the program GFUN400 where the unique part of the magnet iron is subdivided into 400 elements at maximum. Several coil systems have been investigated. In an alternative design all coils have straigth sections which are easier to manufacture than coils with negative curvature. The main coils have a largest radial extension of 3.08 m. There are 22 correcting coils inside each main coil.
Design Status of the Munich Cyclotron SUSE
At the Munich Accelerator Laboratory the design study for the superconducting sector cyclotron SuSe with the existing 13MV-tandem as injector is in a final state. SuSe will accelerate protons and heavy ions to maximum energies of 500MeV respectively 300MeV/u (for Q/A=0.5) with excellent beam properties. Some new technical developments were needed. A prototype of a superconducting sector coil is under test. Several models for the RF-cavities were built. At present a 1:1 prototype power model is under construction. A superconducting channelmagnet without stray fields for injection is developed.
Improving Hollow Fiber Dialyzer Efficiency with a Recirculating Dialysate System II: Comparison Against Two-Chamber Dialysis Systems
The theoretical basis of the nonregenerated recirculating dialysate system (RDS) was derived in Part I of this work [M. Prado, L. M. Roa, A. Palma, and J. A. Milán, Ann. Biomed. Eng. (2005)]. This system pursues the maximization of the clearance of hollow fiber dialyzers whose performance is controlled by diffusion, as occurred in standard hemodialysis. In this second part we perform a comparison by digital simulation of the RDS against three well-known two-chamber dialysis systems. As a major outcome, the efficiency of the RDS increased by a factor of five–eight with respect to the efficiency of a single dialyzer operating with a number of transfer units equal to 0.1, that is when the diffusive mass-transfer of the dialyzer is exhausted. Present low-flux dialyzers do not take advantage of the full potential of this technique, but the functional domain where high-flux and high-area dialyzers operate could be more suitable to exploit this technique. We conclude that RDS can be a competitive efficient technique for optimizing the dialysis efficiency.