On-line detection of oil on steel coils and thickness measurement using hyperspectral camera
The control of thickness homogeneity is a major concern in steel industry for quality issues. In the case of oil, an inhomogeneous coating on whole strip surface can create oxidation and lubrication trouble during coiling. Nowadays, different commercial solutions exist on the market (Light induced fluorescence, infrared gauges) but mainly for punctual measurements. The ability of new devices to characterize thin oil layers have been studied in this paper. This poster is focused on the study of spatial homogeneity for oil layer detection on steel surface for potential new online solution. The results presented in this paper confirm the interest of devices working in 3–5 μm spectral range to potentially answer to industrial needs.
Preliminary studies about thermal degradation of edible oils through attenuated total reflectance mid-infrared spectrometry
Abstract Degradation of edible oils during their heating process has been evaluated through the determination of cis -unsaturation and trans -fatty acids together with free fatty acids as a function of time and temperature heating. Two types of cooking oils, sunflower and seed (mixture of different seeds non-detailed), were heated at three different temperatures (147, 171 and 189 °C) during a total time of 1920 min (32 h) shared out in four sessions of 8 h each one, and samples were studied from their spectra obtained by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry using attenuated total reflectance measurements. A critical comparison between different multivariate calibration models built based on full spectra or selected wavenumbers, using both PLS1 and PLS2 algorithms, was carried out for a preliminary evaluation of the heating conditions (temperature and time) of oil samples.
France in the Middle Ages 987-1460 : from Hugh Capet to Joan of Arc
Translatora s Note. Foreword. List of Illustrations. List of Genealogical Tables. Part I: The Inheritance: . 1. The Empire. 2. The Frankish People. 3. The Principalities. 4. Disturbances. Part II: Lordship:. 5. The Village. 6. The Castle. 7. The Church. 8. King and Lord. Part III: Origins of State and Nation:. 9. The Great Age of Progress. 10. Louis VII. 11. Philip Augustus. 12. The South. 13. The Thirteenth Century. 14. The Fourteenth Century. 15. The Maid of Orleans. Epilogue. Chronology. Bibliography. Index.