Effect of CsxWO 3 Nanoparticles Content and Atomic Ratio for Near Infrared Cut-off Characteristics
In this work, the ceramic nanocomposites films with homogeneous dispersions of tungsten bronze nanoparticles with ternary additive cesium have been prepared by mixing Urethane acrylic/UVcoating binder and dispersed sol depending on the atomic ratio and the particle contents. Furthermore, we are synthesized the CsxWO3 with different annealing at 700, 800, and 900 °C in an N2 gas for 1 hr respectively. The structure and sizes of ceramic particles was observed XRD and PSA spectrometer, the heat-shielding properties of their films were investigated by NIR spectrometer. Synthesized Cs0.33WO3 particles with annealing at 800 °C typically formed hexagonal tungsten bronze structure for good absorption of NIR, size observed as being 30-100 nm and <150 nm. Especially, remarkable absorption of NIR wavelength ranges makes ceramic composite films good candidate for use as a heat shielding window, it clearly shows useful for applications where heat shield is required.
Facile synthesis of homogeneous CsxWO3 nanorods with excellent low-emissivity and NIR shielding property by a water controlled-release process
A systematic investigation of the synthesis of homogenous CsxWO3 nanorods by a designed water-controlled release process was carried out. The results revealed that the uniform rod-like CsxWO3 nanoparticles with a Cs/W atomic ratio of ca. 0.33 can be obtained by using 20 vol% CH3COOH–80 vol% CH3CH2OH mixed solution as a reaction solvent at 240 °C for 20 h. The morphology of products were changed depending on the speed of water-releasing process, meanwhile, the Cs/W atomic ratio could be controlled by both the amount of released water and the reaction temperature. CsxWO3 nanorods showed a high transmittance in the visible light region and excellent shielding ability of near infrared (NIR) lights, indicating that CsxWO3 nanorods have a suitable characteristic as solar filter applications.
To What Extent Can English-as-a-Second Language Learners Read Economic News Texts?
In decision making in the economic field, an especially important requirement is to rapidly understand news to absorb ever-changing economic situations. Given that most economic news is written in English, the ability to read such information without waiting for a translation is particularly valuable in economics in contrast to other fields. In consideration of this issue, this research investigated the extent to which non-native English speakers are able to read economic news to make decisions accordingly – an issue that has been rarely addressed in previous studies. Using an existing standard dataset as training data, we created a classifier that automatically evaluates the readability of text with high accuracy for English learners. Our assessment of the readability of an economic news corpus revealed that most news texts can be read by intermediate English learners. We also found that in some cases, readability varies considerably depending on the knowledge of certain words specific to the economic field.