Superconducting RF Cavity Frequency and Field Distribution Sensitivity Simulation
Frequency and electromagnetic field distribution sensitivity of a superconducting RF (SRF) cavity are the fundamental phyical paramethers in cavity and tuner design. At low temperature, the frequency sensitivity can be obtained by measuring prototype cavity, but it is not easy to test the filed distribution sensitivity. This paper presents and describes a simulation method combining ANSYS and SUPERFISH to calculate the cavity frequency and field distribution variation due to cavity’s small deformation caused by mechanical force, radiation force, thermal expansion etc.. As an example, the simulation results of the frequency and field flatness sensitivity on the SNS cavities were confirmed by their test results.
Lorentz detuning of superconducting cavities with unbalanced field profiles
Tests on the prototype SNS medium beta cryomodule showed a strong correlation between the flatness of the field profile and the Lorentz detuning coefficient (both static and dynamic). We present an analytical model for the enhancement of the Lorentz detuning as a function of the flatness of the field profile resulting from a spread of the frequencies of the individual cells of the cavity.
Transmission of Oropouche virus from man to hamster by the midge Culicoides paraensis.
Oropouche virus (arbovirus family Bunyaviridae, Simbu serological group) was experimentally transmitted from man to hamster by the bite of the midge Culicoides paraensis. Infection rates and transmission rates were determined after the midge had engorged on patients with viremia. The threshold titer necessary to enable infection or transmission by the midges was approximately 5.3 log10 of the median lethal dose of the virus in suckling mice per milliliter of blood. Transmission was achieved 6 to 12 days after C. paraensis had taken the infective blood meal. This represents conclusive evidence of transmission of an arbovirus of public health importance to man by a member of the Ceratopogonidae family.