Standardization of the Macedonian and French Legal Terminology as a Pre-Condition for a Successful Implementation of Euro-Atlantic Integrations
One of the very important aspects and obligations that the Republic of Macedonia should fulfill on its way of Euro-Atlantic integrations is the translation of a vast corpus of texts, whose content concerns mainly the field of law. Of course, the bulk of these texts are written in English, but a considerable part is also written or should be translated into French. In order to have a successful translation it is essential to standardize the terms used in Macedonian and French legal language, and at the same time to standardize the equivalents of the source language to the target language. This paper aims to represent the characteristics of the terminology standardization in France and to compare it to the terminology standardization in the Republic of Macedonia, in order to point out the flaws and the possibilities of their overcoming. 
Key words: standardization, legal terminology, French language, Macedonian language.
La traduction des noms d'institutions
On pretend que les noms propres ne se traduisent pas. Ceci est loin d’etre le cas des noms d’institutions, qui comportent souvent un equivalent tres officiel dans plusieurs langues etrangeres, mais il ne semble pas exister une doctrine etablie concernant les principes qui doivent presider a ce genre de traduction. La presente etude vise a proposer quelques principes a la lumiere de l’observation de la pratique actuelle, telle qu’on la constate en Europe en particulier. A partir d’Internet, qui sert de megacorpus, on a examine des traductions de noms d’institutions (politiques, economiques et d’enseignement) sur les plans international et europeen, national, regional (et departemental pour la France) et local. Le plan international semble le plus systematique, le plan local le moins en ce qui concerne la presence de la traduction et de sa forme. On propose une serie de recommandations a l’intention d’institutions desireuses de traduire leur nom.
Laser ignition of explosives: Effects of gas pressure on the threshold ignition energy
Abstract This paper describes a method for measuring the effect of initial gas pressure and the type of gas on the threshold ignition energy of several high explosives. The method is based on a 300 W CW CO2-laser. An extensive study of these parameters for PETN and RDX is also presented. These high explosives all show a strong decrease in ignition energy/power with increasing initial gas pressure. The gases tested are air and nitrogen. The studied pressures are in the interval 0.1 to 10 MPa. The ignitability of PETN and RDX was tested at a laser pulse width of 1.2 ms. All tested high explosives had a lower ignition energy/power in air than in nitrogen at low pressures ( 4 MPa). For TNT the time to ignition, measured as a function of air pressure, decreased with increasing pressure. These results are interpreted as a multiple phase ignition process. The method was also used for obtaining ignition data for ...