In Vitro Propagation of Selected Sugarcane ( Saccharum Officinarum L . ) Varieties ( C 86-165 and C 86-12 ) Through Shoot Apical Meristem
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is monocotyledonous crop plant that belongs to the Poaceae family that mostly propagates through conventional methods. However, conventional propagation lacks rapid multiplication procedures to commercialize newly released varieties within a short period of time. Hence, the objective of this work was to optimize in vitro micro propagation protocol for two sugarcane varieties (C 86-165 and C 86-12) using shoot apical meristem explants. The two varieties were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of growth regulators on shoot initiation, multiplication and root induction stages. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the two varieties showed statistically significant difference in their response to the various hormonal treatments with regard to the parameters measured. For initiation stage vars. C 86-165 and C 86-12 performed best on 1.0 mg/l and 0.5 mg/l of BAP, respectively. On the other hand, multiplication stage was best in MS media enriched with 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA and 1.5 mg/l BAP + 0.5 NAA as manifested in terms of number of shoots and shoot length per explants after four weeks of culture for vars. C 86-165 and C 86-12, respectively. With regard to root induction, best rooting response in terms of mean root number, mean root length, mean fresh weight and mean dry weight was achieved in 1/2 MS media enriched with 2.0.mg/l NAA and 1.0 mg/l NAA after four weeks of culture for vars. C 86-165 and C 86-12, respectively.
Callus induction and regeneration in elite sugarcane cultivar HSF-240.
Studies were carried out to establish an efficient system for callus induction and regeneration of sugarcane cultivar HSF-240. Shoot tip with 5-10 mm size was taken as explant for callus induction on MS medium containing different concentrations of 2, 4-D. Among the different concentrations of 2, 4-D used, maximum (80-82%) calli production with 3-4 mm in size were observed on media containing 2, 4-D, for both 2 mg/l and 3 mg/l. Optimum shoots length (8 mm) was obtained on MS medium containing 1.0 mg/l GA3, 0.5 mg/l Kin and maximum roots (3.6) with maximum length of (3.5 mm) was obtained at 1.0 mg/l IBA.
Mite population density analysis of stored dried apricots in Turkey
The aim of this study was to determine the population density of mite species attacking stored dried apricots in Malatya, Elazig and Izmir regions of Turkey. Storage construction types and duration of storage were also considered. The samples were collected during 2000–2003 in the most important apricot producing areas (Malatya and Elazig) and the exporting center (Izmir). Frequency of occurrence and rates of intensity of infestations were determined (16.50% from Malatya, 3.19% from Elazig and 80.49% from Izmir). A total of 16 mite species belonging to 13 genera and 11 families were identified during the surveys. The pest species Carpoglyphus lactis (L.) (Astigmata: Carpoglyphidae) was the most abundant species recorded (69.14% of samples). The highest infestation value recorded was 15,534 mites per kg.