El franquismo y los imaginarios míticos del fascismo europeo de entreguerras
This article raises a series of reflections centered on the biggest or minor grade of fascistization experienced by the Francoist regime during the first stage of its implantation. Also, it carries a trip out for the phenomena of spread and contamination with which the mythical imaginaries, and the idealized recreations of the fascism, impregnated the different authoritarian and anti-parliamentary regimes that were erected in Europe during the interwar period. In the Spain of the thirties, a mixed reactionary coalition experienced a sort of self-fascination about the efficacy of the fascist proposals to face to the challenges of mass-mobilizaThis content downloaded from 40.77.167.71 on Sat, 19 Nov 2016 04:34:46 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Francisco Cobo Romero El franquismo y los imaginarios miticos del fascismo tion and democracy. The Francoisi regime, as other political regimes more or less intensely fascistizated of the twenties and thirties of last century, incorporated a good amount of the styles, the forms of impassioned and emotive experience of the politics, the manifestations of the charismatic leadership, or the different sacralizations of the Nation and the State, own of the mythopoeic fascist imaginary.
The Millennial of Castile (1943): the historical culture of Spanish Fascism
AbstractThe creation of new symbols and historical myths were common practices of nationalist politics, especially in Fascist regimes. In 1943 the Franco regime organized the most impressive historical commemoration celebrated in post-war Spain: the Milenario of Castile. With its heterogeneous mixture of history and spectacle, the Milenario of Castile was by far the greatest historical commemoration promoted by the State during the 1940s. Taking the commemoration of the Milenario as a case study, this article examines the historical culture of Spanish Fascism, as well as the attempts of the Falangist intellectual elite to impose a concrete national narrative in post-war Spain. At the same time, the article analyses the historical discourses and aesthetics displayed throughout the commemoration, underlining its Fascist character, and consequently the transnational dimension of the Fascist politics of the past. Finally, the article reflects on the scope and limits of the process of Fascistisation in Franco'...
The Cult of the Duce in Mussolini's Italy
During Mussolini's regime, Italian society, contrary to appearances, was a very depoliticized society. The organizations of the regime mobilized great masses of people, and the towns of every region in Italy were frequently packed with crowds extolling the Duce. But if by 'political' we mean active participation in community life, information about facts and the comparison of ideas, we have to recognize that society in Mussolini's day was the very opposite of a politicized society. The masses nearly always took part in political demonstrations as if in a ritual, circulation of news and information was always controlled by censorship, and any comparison of ideas was extremely limited, even within the Fascist Party. The Fascist Party did not contribute towards framing a policy: it confined itself to carrying out the directives that came from above, supporting the regime's propaganda and assistance activities, and incorporating its political following. In 1939, out of a population of 44 million, the Party and its dependent organizations distributed a total of 21,600,000 membership cards. But in fact the tendency to regiment the whole population and, the consequent absence of selection among registered members contributed to making the organizations rigid and thereby suppressed political debate. Mussolini made little use of the Party for purposes of government. Instead he used the State with its great bureaucratic apparatus. Above all, he used the prefects, who were State officials dependent on the Ministry of the Interior, charged with representing the central government in the various provinces of the realm. They had been in existence ever since the earliest years of the Kingdom of Italy, and had always