Evolution of silica-based highly nonlinear fibers for FWM-based wavelength conversion application
Recent progresses on silica-based highly nonlinear fibers for practical FWM-based applications such as wavelength conversion efficiency enhancement and chromatic dispersion design are described, and then functional wavelength conversions using the fibers are demonstrated.
Broadband wavelength conversion over 193-nm by HNL-DSF improving higher-order dispersion performance
Four-wave-mixing-based wavelength conversion over 193-nm bandwidth, fully covering from S- to U-bands, is demonstrated by a 100-meter-long HNL-DSF with improved β4 of 10-56 s4/m and zero-dispersion wavelength fluctuation within ±0.1 nm. (2 pages)
Laboratory Animal Models for Brucellosis Research
Brucellosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Brucella spp., a Gram-negative facultative intracellular pathogen that affects humans and animals, leading to significant impact on public health and animal industry. Human brucellosis is considered the most prevalent bacterial zoonosis in the world and is characterized by fever, weight loss, depression, hepato/splenomegaly, osteoarticular, and genital infections. Relevant aspects of Brucella pathogenesis have been intensively investigated in culture cells and animal models. The mouse is the animal model more commonly used to study chronic infection caused by Brucella. This model is most frequently used to investigate specific pathogenic factors of Brucella spp., to characterize the host immune response, and to evaluate therapeutics and vaccines. Other animal species have been used as models for brucellosis including rats, guinea pigs, and monkeys. This paper discusses the murine and other laboratory animal models for human and animal brucellosis.