Age of the Baker's Hole Coombe Rock, Northfleet, Kent
Prof. W. B. R. King and Dr. K. P. Oakley discussed this subject in Nature of January 13, 19451.
Age of the Baker's Hole Coombe Rock, Northfleet, Kent
SINCE the Abbé Breuil published his view1 that the palæolithic ‘floor’ at Baker's Hole, Northfleet, belongs to the Levallois I–II stage of his classification, some Pleistocene workers2 have been inclined to follow him in correlating the superincumbent Coombe Rock with the cold phase which produced the Rissien soli-fluxion of the Somme succession.
Centrifuge modelling of effects of shield tunnels on existing tunnels in soft clay
With the rapid development of the subway network,the phenomena of shield tunnels going across the adjacent tunnels are becoming more and more common.The interaction between shield tunneling and nearby tunnels is more complicated than the ordinary shield tunneling in intact soil strata.Based on the project of Shanghai Bund Passage crossing Metro Line 2,the method of centrifuge modeling together with the field measurement is employed to study the effects shield tunneling on nearby strata and existing tunnels.In centrifugal model tests,the effects simulation techniques considering the unloading of excavation,ground loss and grouting are developed to analyze the longitudinal settlement of the shield tunnel and the existing tunnel induced by the shield tunneling.Besides,the deformation distribution and settlement curves of the existing tunnels during shield construction are studied by using the monitoring data.