Separation and identification of various vulcanization agents and antioxidants in two types of rubber by chromatographic and spectrometric methods.
The aim of this study was to separate and identify by chromatographic and spectrometric methods, the various allergenic vulcanization agents and antioxidants used in the manufacture of industrial rubber. Specimens of elastomers were manufactured specially for this study. The specificity of the gas chromatographic method developed allows separation of all the manufacturing additives in the selected rubber types after one injection only, even though they belong to extremely varied chemical categories. The GLC method was coupled with mass spectrometry, which permitted identification of the peaks obtained and the study of the fragmentation of the 4 reference products under various conditions. Separation by TLC was performed in parallel on the same extracts, allowing rapid identification of the products tested for, and showed new spots after vulcanization.
Analysis of Synthetic Polymers and Rubbers
Techniques for the characterization and analysis or of rubbers and synthetic polymers, copolymers, and blends are reviewed. Chromatographic techniques such as inverse gas chromatography (IGc), supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), pyrolysis-GC (Py-GC), liquid chromatography (LC) including size exclusion chromatography (SEC), mass spectrometry, spectroscopic methods (IR, NMR, and ESR), and thermal techniques are included in this review. Applications include structure determination, separation and quantification of residual monomers and additives
High-performance exclusion chromatography of low-molecular-weight additives
Abstract The use of high-performance exclusion chromatography with small pore-size gels of 8–10-μm particle diameter for the analyses and/or clean-up of a variety of sample types was investigated. In many cases, low molecular weight additives from polymers or oils could be determined directly since the latter were of a sufficiently higher molecular weigh to be resolved. In those cases where the additives were unseparated, the exclusion technique served as a clean-up method and these compounds could be further by another liquid chromatographic mode, such as reversed phase. The technique was applied to a steroid in a cream base, polyethylene additives, sulfur in a compounded rubber and a pesticide formulation, DDT in butter and additives in vegetable and lubricating oils.