INFLUENCE OF PARENTAL FORMS ON CHANGES IN THE CONTENT OF MINERAL ELEMENTS IN GRAIN OF NEW WINTER TRITICALE HYBRID STRAINS
The paper presents a study on the content of Ca, Mg, K, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Fe in kernels (F5 generation) of winter triticale produced by crossbreeding three maternal with two paternal forms. As maternal forms, two strains were used, IGS 5101, FDT 975, as well as cultivar Alzo. The paternal components consisted of strains LAD 122 and F 8063. Morphologically established hybrid strains were selected at the Institute of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology of the University of Life Sciences in Lublin. The component selection for crossbreeding was performed to achieve hybrids with great yield-forming potential and to improve the resistance to grain sprouting. Minerals were determined by the atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) method. The results revealed differentiation in amounts of the analysed mineral components in hybrids depending on genotypes of the parental forms. Hybrid strains were usually characterized by a lower ash content in kernels than the parental forms. Among all the hybrids, strain IGS 5101 × F 8063 was distinguishable by its higher content of K, Ca, Mn, and Fe in grain versus both parental forms. It also excelled exceeded the other hybrids in respect of Ca, K and Mn. Tests on the mineral components in hybrid triticale strains indicate that it is possible to shape their levels through an appropriate selection of parental forms and selection during breeding work on X Triticosecale Wittmack genus to achieve cultivars of improved nutritional value.
EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION METHOD ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF MILEWO VARIETY SPRING TRITICALE GRAIN
In this paper the effect of soil fetilization (NH4NO3 and CO(NH2)2) foliar fertilization (CO(NH2)2) with and without Ekolistem on selected grain quality parameters and the yield of Milewo variety spring triticale was determined. It was found based on the obtained results that the nitrogen fertilization level and the years of research affected the grain, protein yield and the concentrations of (selected) minerals in spring triticale grain. The highest grain and protein yield of Milewo variety spring triticale was obtained after the application of nitrogen fertilization at the rate of 120 kg ha–1. Protein yield increased with the increasing grain yield and the coefficient of determination was close to the linear correlation coefficient (R = 0.936). The applied nitrogen fertilization 120 kg ha affected grain phosphorus content. Lack of basic mineral fertilization (120 kg N ha) supplementation with the mixed fertilizer with additional micronutrients resulted in an increase in grain potassium content. Joint application of urea plus Ekolist with 80 kg N ha–1 caused an increased amount of magnesium compared to the higher fertilization level. WPŁYW SPOSOBU NAWOŻENIA AZOTEM NA PLONOWANIE I JAKOŚĆ ZIARNA PSZENŻYTA JAREGO ODMIANY MILEWO Katarzyna Wojtkowiak, Arkadiusz Stępień, Małgorzata Warechowska Agnieszka Markowska 1 Katedra Podstaw Bezpieczeństwa, 2 Katedra Agroekosystemów Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie S ł o w a k l u c z o w e: nawożenie azotem, plon ziarna i białka, składniki pokarmowe. Address: Katarzyna Wojtkowiak, University of Warmia and Mazury, ul. Heweliusza 10, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland, phone: +48 (89) 524 56 14, e-mail: katarzyna.wojtkowiak@uwm.edu.pl
STUDIES ON THE PREPARATION AND NUTRIENT COMPOSITION OF BULGUR FROM TRITICALE
Bulgur of acceptable quality was prepared from two commercially available cultivars of triticale by boiling 10 min and cooking for 3 min or 10 min at 15 psi and 120°C. Moisture contents of 32-41% were needed to achieve a desirable level of gelatinization of starch. Compared to triticale whole meal, bulgur had almost similar amounts of protein, amino acids and gross energy but lower amounts of crude fat, thiamine, riboflavin, folic acid, vitamin E, calcium, iron, copper, phosphorus, manganese, zinc, potassium, sodium and magnesium.