Dependence of Snowfall on Temperature
D'OOGE has reported1 a correlation between amount of snowfall in inches and temperature at the time of snowfall. His data showed that maximum depth of snowfall occurred at a daily mean temperature of − 11° C. ; Bossolasco2 correlated frequency of occurrence of snowfall with temperature and found maximum occurrence at approximately the same temperature. These observers assumed that the mean daily temperature recorded at the level of observation was a reasonable estimate of the temperature at the level of formation of the snow. From the data presented, conclusions were drawn concerning nucleation of snow crystals.
Glaciological Literature
THIS selected list of glaciologicalliterature has been prepared by j. W. Glen with the assistance of T . H. Ellison, W. B. Harland, Miss D. M.Johnson, G . T . Warwick and the Staff of the Scott Polar Research Institute. Its field is the scientific study of snow and ice and of their effects on the earth ; for the literature on polar expeditions, and also on the "applied" aspects of glaciology, such as snow ploughs, readers should consult the bibliographies in each issue of the Polar Record. For Russian material the system of transliteration used is that agreed by the U .S. Board on Geographic Names and the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use in 1947. Readers can greatly assist by sending reprints of their publications to the Society, or by informing Dr. Glen of publications of glaciological interest.
Vertebral Fusion in Two Early Jurassic Sauropodomorph Dinosaurs from the Lufeng Formation of Yunnan, China
Here we describe two instances of pathological vertebral fusion in two genera of sauropodomorph dinosaurs from the Early Jurassic Lufeng Formation in Yunnan, China. The first is a specimen, of Lufengosaurus huenei with two fused cervical vertebrae, and the other is a specimen of the Lufeng basal sauropod, with two fused caudal vertebrae. Both pathologies are consistent with spondyloarthropathy and represent the earliest known occurrence of that disease in dinosaurs. The two specimens affirm that early dinosaurs suffered from the same bone diseases as living vertebrates. Spondyloarthropathy in these dinosaurs may have been induced by long-term mechanical stress, such as weight bearing, and/or limited motion at the joint that would otherwise have inhibited such remodeling. In both cases, surface remodeling suggests that the animals survived well beyond the initiation of spondyloarthropathy.