Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Implementasi Kebijakan Ruang Terbuka Hijau di Kabupaten Rembang
Environmental imbalance caused as more demand than available land designated as green areas is an important note to Rembang Regency to create policies that focus on how to balance the environment. Green Open Space Policy in Rembang refer to Regulation No. 14 of 2011 on Rembang Spatial Planning. The existence of specific policies for protected areas and open green spaces in urban areas in Rembang also listed in Rembang spatial policy. Qualitative descriptive method is the method used in this study, to determine the factors driving and inhibiting in the implementation of Green Open Space Policy in Rembang using the theory of George C. Edwards III, covering four factors: Communication, Resources, Disposition, and Bureaucratic Structure. The result showed that the Green Open Space Policy in Rembang able to increase the supply, regulation and maintenance of green open space. KBT Marine Parks, Parks Borotugel, Mondoteko Park and updating of Rembang City Square are growing evidence of consistency in the government in meeting the 30% that has been mandated for green space. Research in the Green Open Space Policy implementation in Rembang recommends: (1) Sharing the determination of budget between Parliament and related implementing agencies in order to 2 adapt the needs the budget; (2) Provision of seeds in support of NGOs and community greening program; and (3) Increasing public participation in the development and management of green space.
VALUASI EKONOMI DAN PERSEPSI WISATAWAN TERHADAP POTENSI WISATA PANTAI KARANG JAHE KABUPATEN REMBANG (Economic Valuation and Tourist Perception in Karang Jahe Beach Tourism Potential Rembang Regency)
Pantai Karang Jahe (PKJ) merupakan obyek wisata yang memiliki potensi, seperti air laut yang jernih, pasir laut yang putih, terumbu karang serta hamparan pohon cemara, sehingga membuat banyak wisatawan berkunjung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui valuasi ekonomi serta persepsi wisatawan terhadap PKJ. Penelitian dilakukan di PKJ Jl. Rembang-Lasem, Punjulharjo, Kecamatan Rembang, Kabupaten Rembang Jawa Tengah pada Desember 2017. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan melakukan survey kepada 100 wisatawan. Pengumpulan data dari responden (dengan kuesioner) teknik sampling accidental sampling , sedangkan analisis valuasi ekonomi nilai biaya wisata menggunakan pendekatan Travel Cost Method . Tipologi wisatawan mayoritas pelajar/mahasiswa, datang berkelompok, tujuan berlibur, ber-pendapatan kurang dari Rp.500.000/bulan dan berasal dari wilayah Rembang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total biaya perjalanan yang dikeluarkan wisatawan selama berwisata di PKJ pada tahun 2017 sebesar Rp.136.651.504.395,00; 2016 Rp.93.880.800.000,00; 2015 Rp. 88.050.900.000,00; dan 2014 Rp. 1.535.734.440,00. Nilai total ekonomi pariwisata dipengaruhi oleh jumlah wisatawan dan laju inflasi. Persepsi wisatawan terhadap PKJ masuk kedalam 2 kategori yaitu kurang baik dan tidak baik. Persepsi wisatawan mengenai potensi wisata kuliner, wahana wisata, pelayanan pengelola pantai PKJ yaitu tidak baik. Wisata pantai, fasilitas umum, potensi kenyamanan mendapatkan nilai kurang baik, sehingga wisatawan cukup berkeinginan untuk datang kembali The Karang Jahe Beach (KJB) is a tourist destination with many potentials such as clear sea water, white sand, coral reefs and pine trees. Those potential lead a lot of tourists visit to KJB. The aims of this research were to determine the economic valuation and the tourists perception. The research was conducted at KJB Jl. Rembang-Lasem, Punjulharjo, Rembang Sub-district, Rembang Regency, Central Java in December 2017. The research used quantitative method, with a survey conducted to 100 tourists as a respondents. Accidental sampling is used for data collection using questionnaire. The economic valuation analysis of the tour’s cost value Travel Cost Method approach. Typologies of tourists are mostly students coming from Rembang, in a group for holiday, having incomes of less than Rp.500.000/month. The results showed the total travel cost spent tourists during the trip is Rp.136.651.504.395 in 2017; Rp.93.880.800.000,00 in 2016; Rp.88.050.900.000,00 in 2015; and Rp.1.535.734.440,00 in 2014. The total value of the tourism affected by the number of tourist and rate of inflation. Tourists perception about KJB fall into two categories these are not good enough good and not good. Tourists perception about the potential of culinary tourism, tourist rides and beach management service are not good. Coastal tourism, public facilities, and comfort potential getting less attractive scores to anable tourists to return again in the future.
Kajian Jarak Jangkau Efek Vegetasi Pohon Terhadap Suhu Udara pada Siang Hari di Perkotaan (Studi Kasus Kawasan Simpang Lima Semarang)
ABSTRAK 
Gejala peningkatan suhu udara utamanya pada siang hari semakin konkret, dirasakan di Indonesia khususnya di kota-kota besar. Terjadinya pulau panas (heat island) di perkotaan menjadi fenomena kian serius seiring dengan gejala perubahan iklim global. Meningkatnya suhu udara rerata di perkotaan dapat terkendali dengan keberadaan vegetasi pepohonan. 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan identifikasi dan analisis jarak jangkau efek vegetasi pohon terhadap suhu udara siang hari di perkotaan. Selanjutnya menganalisis prosentase luas dan posisi penempatan hutan kota atau vegetasi pohon agar efektif mengendalikan kenaikan suhu udara di seluruh penjuru kota. 
Penelitian merupakan deskriptif eksploratif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Dilaksanakan selama 20 (dua puluh) hari, mulai tanggal 20 Maret sampai dengan 19 April 2008. Tempat penelitian di Kawasan Simpang Lima Kota Semarang. Vegetasi yang menjadi indikator adalah pohon Beringin (Ficus benjamina L.) yang berada di sudut lapangan bagian Utara. Variabel penelitian terdiri dari Variabel terikat: persentase penutupan vegetasi: titik pusat canopy (P); di bawah ujung canopy (U); area dengan penutupan vegetasi 30 % (V30); dan area dengan penutupan vegetasi 10 % (V10). Variabel bebas: suhu udara (oC); kelembapan nisbi udara (Rh) dalam persen; kecepatan angin (knot); dan arah angin (derajat); dan perawanan. Pengukuran suhu, Rh, kecepatan dan arah angin serta perawanan dilakukan pada jam 07.00, 09.00, 11.00, 13.00, 15.00, 17.00 dan 18.00. 
Rerata suhu udara (oC) hasil pengukuran selama 20 hari pada setiap titik pengukuran adalah P = 24,49oC, U = 29,78oC, V30 = 29,98oC, dan V10 = 30,20oC. Selisih suhu (t) masing-masing titik dengan P adalah U = 0,29oC, titik V30 = 0,49oC, dan titik V10 = 0,70oC. 
Hasil Anova menunjukkan adanya perbedaan suhu yang siginifikan antar titik pengukuran. Uji lanjut dengan Metode Bonferroni menunjukkan bahwa titik V10 berbeda secara signifikan dengan P. Perbedaan ini pada uji dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% (0,05). Berdasarkan analisis tersebut, disimpulkan bahwa: (1) luas penutupan vegetasi pohon atau hutan kota 10 % belum memadai sebagai ameliorasi iklim mikro, khususnya suhu udara; dan (2) persentase luas penutupan vegetasi atau hutan kota yang mampu menekan kenaikan suhu udara adalah 30 %. Pengontrolan suhu pada area bebas vegetasi menunjukkan suhu udara yang relatif sama dengan titik V10. Rerata selisih suhu (t) antara titik kontrol dan titik V10 adalah 0,09oC. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pada titik V10 (jarak 24 m dari P), efek vegetasi relatif sedikit pengaruhnya terhadap penurunan suhu udara. 
Arah dan kecepatan angin mempengaruhi jarak jangkau efek vegetasi terhadap pendinginan udara. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan vegetasi pada daerah hulu angin memberikan efek penekanan kenaikan suhu pada daerah hilirnya. Arah dan kecepatan angin sangat penting dipertimbangkan dalam penempatan vegetasi pohon atau hutan kota. Hal ini ikut menentukan efektivitas vegetasi dalam mengendalikan kenaikan suhu udara di seluruh penjuru kota. 
 
Kata Kunci: efek vegetasi, penghijaun kota; luas dan penempatan vegetasi kota. 
 
ABSTRACT 
 
The rise of air temperature indication in daylight has been already subtly affecting Indonesia, in particular big cities. The emergence of heat island in urban area has been a more serious phenomenon as the change in global climate continues. The rise of the average air temperature in urban area can be controlled when tree vegetation is under controlled as well. 
This study aimed to identify and to analyse discourse range of the effect of the tree vegetation on daylight air temperature in urban area. Here, the study analysed square percentage and placement position of urban forest or tree vegetation in order to effectively control the rise of air temperature through the area. 
The study applied an explorative-descriptive method by a quantitative approach. It took place 20 (twenty) days form 20 March to 19 April 2008. The location for the study was Simpang Lima Area of Semarang Municipality, whereas vegetation used for indicator was Beringin (Ficus benjamina L.) situated on the north-side of the Simpang Lima Square. Variables consisted of dependent variables: vegetation covering percentage; canopy focal point (P); and under tip of canopy (U), and area with 30% vegetation covering (V30), and area with 10% vegetation covering (V10), and independent variables: air temperature (oC); percentage of air humidity rate (Rh); wind speed (knot); wind direction (degree); and cloud. The measurements of temperature, Rh, wind speed and direction, and cloud were held at 07.00, 09.00, 11.00, 13.00, 15.00, 17.00 and 18.00 local times. 
The average air temperature (oC) during 20 days of observation on each measurement point resulted in P = 24.49oC, U = 29.78 oC, V30 = 29.98 oC, and V10 = 30.20 oC. The temperature range (C) of each point with P resulted in U = 0.29 oC, V30 = 0.49 oC, and V10 = 0.70 oC. 
Anova output showed a significant difference in temperature between measurement points. The further measurement using Bonferroni Method showed that the V10 poin significantly differed from P. This difference was tested on trust rate of 95% (0.05). According such analysis, it came to conclusion as follows: (1) the 10% of covering square of tree vegetation of urban forest has been inadequate as an amelioration of micro climate, especially air temperature; and (2) the percentage of the vegetation covering or urban forest was only capable of suppressing the rise of temperature up to 30%. The control on temperature in vegetation-free area evidenced a relatively similar air temperature to the V10 point. The average of temperature range (t) between control and V10 points was 0.09 oC. Such result indicated that at V10 point (24m range from the P) had a minimum effect on the decrease of air temperature. 
The direction and speed of the wind did matter to the vegetation threshold range effect on air temperature decrease. This result explained that the presence of vegetation from the wind-source affects the temperature rise in the projected area. The wind direction and speed are necessary to be taken account for in placing the tree vegetation or urban forest since it determined the effectiveness of the vegetation in controlling the whole urban air temperature rise. 
Keywords: vegetation effect; greening of city; square and placement of city vegetation