Meaning of Money before, After and during Dual Currency Circulation Period Among Estonian Students☆
Abstract The research design of the study was a longitudinal trend study measuring the meaning of money from cross-sectional samples of middle-school students over the period of four years with 16 month time interval: May 2008, September 2009, January 2011, and May 2012. Teenagers were administered a questionnaire before, after and during dual currency period consisting items about multidimensional meaning of money: symbolic, affectional and behavioral, and open-ended questions. The meaning of money before and after the dual currency period was highly evaluated in symbolic and during dual currency period in conflicting affectional terms, but conveys over the time functional meaning.
Genesis and Evolution of the Representations of the Euro
The paper studies the construction of attitudes and social representations of the euro, via different populations and different tools and techniques; the evolution is observed before the introduction of the euro and after. This is studied during three distinct phases: (i) one year before the concrete introduction of the euro, (ii) during the first months after the euro has been introduced to everyone, but while the use of the former currency was still possible, (iii) and one year later. Different samples of subjects, including adults and teenagers, were approached during these three phases. Subjects' attitudes and representations, of matters related to money in general and more specifically to the euro, were considered in the three phases. In the paper a theoretical debate concerning the genesis of a new social representation is first presented, followed by a discussion focussed on various methodological aspects linked to the study of attitudes and representations, before analysing the results in terms of the evolution of the perception of the euro related with the increasing practical use of the currency.
The Wrath of Athena: Gods and Men in the Odyssey
Chapter 1 Foreword Chapter 2 Introduction to the Paperback Edition Chapter 3 Introduction Chapter 4 The Beginning of the Odyssey Chapter 5 Odysseus Chapter 6 Gods and Men Chapter 7 The Encounter of Odysseus and Athena Chapter 8 The Double Theodicy of the Odyssey Chapter 9 Appendix: Demodocus and Homer Chapter 10 Bibliography Chapter 11 Index of Sources Chapter 12 Index of Names and Subjects