Solanum nigrum, a new host for powdery mildew disease of Capsicum annuum in the Madurai district of Tamil Nadu, India
In October–November 2004, a severe outbreak of powdery mildew disease incited by Leveillula taurica was observed on Capsicum annuum (cv. K2) (chilli) and caused yield loss up to 80%. A similar type of symptom was also recorded on Solanum nigrum grown in and around chilli fields. Based on the morphological characteristics and cross infectivity, it has been confirmed that the powdery mildew pathogens from C. annuum and S. nigrum are the same. The pathogen from C. annuum could infect S. nigrum and vice versa. Other cultivated plant species were not infected. This might be due to the probable occurrence of physiological races. This is the first report of this organism causing powdery mildew in S. nigrum in the Madurai district of Tamil Nadu. The ability of L. taurica to infect the native host S. nigrum is particularly important because this host plant might serve as an inoculum reservoir for adjacently cultivated C. annuum.
Effects of Field Bindweed ( Convolvulus arvensis L.) and Powdery Mildew [ Leveillula taurica (lev.) Arn.] on Pepper Growth and Yield
Karkanis A., Bilalis D., Efthimiadou A., Katsenios N., 2012. Effects of field bindweed ( Convolvulus arvensis L.) and powdery mildew [ Leveillula taurica (Lev.) Arn.] on pepper growth and yield – Short commu nication . Hort. Sci. (Prague), 39: 135–138. Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of field bindweed and powdery mildew on growth and yield of a pepper crop. This study also evaluated the efficacy of fungicide application programs for controlling powdery mildew. Field bindweed influenced growth and yield of pepper. The greatest dry weight and yield of pepper were recorded with weed-free control treatment. Moreover, powdery mildew was severe. The fungicide application programs positively influenced growth and yield of pepper. The control plots had the lowest yield of pepper. The first symptoms of powdery mildew on pepper plants developed 20–25 days after powdery mildew diagnosis on field bindweed. Two azoxystrobin applications, at 10 and 25 days after infection of field bindweed by powdery mildew, restricted the disease progress. Our results indicate that field bindweed is highly susceptible to powdery mildew infection and could be used as an indicator species of L. taurica presence in pepper plants.
EL TRATAMIENTO NEOPRAGMATISTA DE LA VERDAD EN RICHARD RORTY NEOPRAGMATIST TREATMENT OF TRUTH IN RICHARD RORTY
Richard Rorty, one of the most influential authors of our time, presents a critique of the philosophical concept of truth as correspondence. The conclusion of Rorty's neopragmatism is that the idea of truth as correspondence between language and facts is ineffective because it no longer works. The neopragmatist conception of truth indicates the only possible uses for the term «truthful,» revolving around the idea of jus - tification. In this article, the neopragmatist notion of truth is presented in order to