Technology Importation, Corporate Strategies, and the Rise of the Japanese Semiconductor Industry in the 1950s
During the 1950s, the Japanese semicon - ductor industry rose from nothing to a level that was roughly on par with that of the United States. It is undeniable that this was due in large part to the importation of advanced technology from lead - ing U.S. firms. In the process of technology transfer from the Unit- ed States to Japan, previous scholars have emphasized the impor - tance of the role played by the highly restrictive government tech - nology-importation policy during this period. The aim of this arti - cle is to analyze this story from the perspective of Japanese com - panies, which exhibited divergent strategies for acquiring foreign technology. These strategies were shaped by complex calculations that took into account firms' organizational capability and U.S. li- censing practices and antitrust policy, as well as the technology- importation policy of MITI (Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry). In short, this article argues that Japanese firms were not passive receptors, but active agents in shaping the pattern of technology importation.
Competitive edge : the semiconductor industry in the U.S. and Japan
1. Introduction 2. Background 3. Technological resources 4. Political context 5. Finance 6. Conclusions Appendixes Glossary of abbreviations and technical terms Notes Index.
Manufacturing Knowledge: A History of the Hawthorne Experiments
Editors' preface Glossary of manuscript collections Introduction 1. The management of work 2. The T room 3. Interpreting the relay test 4. Elton Mayo and the research network 5. The psychopathology of industrial life 6. The anthropology of work 7. Manufacturing the Hawthorne experiments 8. Human relations in industry 9. Human relations in the social sciences Conclusion: manufacturing knowledge Acknowledgements Bibliography of the Hawthorne experiments Index.