A continuidade do processo de desconcentração regional da indústria brasileira nos anos 2000
The article continues the debate on the changes in the regional distribution of Brazilian industry in recent decades. Based on industry data for employment and wages for the period 1997/2007, it identifies an intense process of regional decentralization. Using classical indices of concentration, it appears that the trend identified affects all types of industries, whether traditional, commodities, diffuser or durable goods. The article also proposes the use of a new density index, highlighting some meso-regions where it is relatively high. From the values encountered for the density index some meso-regions located in different regions of the country are selected and their results discussed, which illustrates various situations of apparent success.
CLIMATE CHANGE AND URBANIZATION: EVIDENCE FROM THE SEMI-ARID REGION OF BRAZIL
To better understand urbanization in the semi-arid region of Brazil and the related intra-municipality rural-urban migration, this study aimed to examine whether climatic factors have contributed to the urbanization process in the last two decades and how future scenarios of climate change would affect it. Using fixed-effects panel data considering spatial dependence, the results confirmed that climate drivers (mainly temperature) were decisive for the intensification of the urbanization process in the municipalities of the semi-arid region. The effect of climate on the urbanization process was even more intense in municipalities that relied widely on the agricultural sector. Simulations of future climate change indicated that the urbanization process tends to accelerate over time for severe climate change scenarios.
Coeficientes de Gini locacionais – GL: aplicação à indústria de calçados do Estado de São Paulo
This paper suggests a specific methodology to geographically locate and delimit local production systems, with an application to the leather and shoe industry in the state of Sao Paulo. The methodology consists on the elaboration of locational Gini coefficients (GL) for four-digit industries at municipal or micro region level from data in RAIS/MTE and PIA/IBGE. These GL coefficients indicate the industrial branches which are spatially concentrated. For the latter, location quotients (QL) by microregions in the state are used in order to identify local production systems within these industries. The QL data - combined with data on the share of the microregion in question in total industry employment and number of industrial plants - unequivocally show that there are three main local production systems in the leather and shoe industry in the state of Sao Paulo: Franca, Birigui, and Jau. Based on a field research work, these three local systems are briefly characterized in regard to their location, territorial extension, production structure and integration, local institutions, and forms of interfirm cooperation.