Observations on regression analysis of travel distance on airline distance
In the modeling of urban areas airline distance is often used as a proxy for travel time or distance. This practice has been justified by a high coefficient of determination (R2) between these variables in a random sample of pairs of traffic zones. The ratio of travel distance to airline distance has been used as a measure of network efficiency and called the route factor. This exercise uses hypothetical examples to examine network structure, congestion, and trip production as determinants of route factors and of R2 values of travel distance regressed on airline distance.
The Lowry Model Heritage
Abstract The Lowry model constituted a breakthrough of a particularly intractable conceptual barrier. Notwithstanding its attractive features, including the promise of meaningful operationality, the model has been implemented in only a few domestic applications; its adapters abroad have had more success. In this process, the model has gradually been transformed to more satisfactorily meet the requirements of the regional and transportation planning agencies that depend on allocation modeling. As newly developing conceptual embellishments are made operational, the Lowry model should become an instrument that will enlarge our knowledge of the metropolis and lay a solid foundation for the next generation of models.
Implementation of Tourism Satellite Account: Assessing the Contribution of Tourism to the Croatian Economy
Compiling the indicators of tourism consumption and the output of tourism industries, Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) provides a framework for internationally harmonized measurements of direct macroeconomic contribution of tourism. Ivandic and Marusic provide a detailed methodological approach for the transfer of TSA theoretical concepts to the assessment of tourism economic contribution on the case of the Croatia. Giving that the TSA compilation is still characterized by a surprisingly wide range of ‘styles’ used, the chapter contributes to a better understanding of the issues related to measurement of direct tourism impacts. It also gives a set of baseline criteria for resource allocation within tourism policy and the further evaluation of its effectiveness.