Microbiological Evaluation of 4-substituted-imidazolidine Derivatives
In the present studies, two series of 4-substituted-imidazolidines (IIIa-i and IIIj,k) were synthesized by reacting different tetrahydro-di-Schiff bases (IIa-i and IIj,k) with p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde/ dimethylaminobenzaldehyde. The title compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal actions against some selected microbes. The results of microbiological evaluation revealed that two compounds, 4-(1,3-bis(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethyl)-4-methylimidazolidin-2-yl)-N,N-diethyl aniline (IIIj), 4-(1,3-bis(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethyl)-4-methylimidazolidin-2-yl)-N,N-dimethyl aniline (IIIk) were good in their antibacterial as well as antifungal actions. Minimum inhibitory concentration values (MIC) of the compounds are reported.
Synthesis of 4,5-diaryl-1H-pyrazole-3-ol derivatives as potential COX-2 inhibitors.
4,5-Diaryl-1H-pyrazole-3-ol was utilized as a versatile template to synthesize several classes of compounds such as pyrazolo-oxazines 7, pyrazolo-benzooxazines 9, pyrazolo-oxazoles 10, and its analogues 11a-c as potential COX-2 inhibitors. Compounds 11b,c were successfully synthesized with use of pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate mediated cyclization of the ketal intermediate. Diaryl-pyrazolo-benzooxazepine analogues were synthesized by using Cu-mediated cyclization of the O-alkylated arylbromide intermediate. Arylsulfonamides were synthesized efficiently on a large scale with 4-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzenesulfonamide 31 template readily synthesized from commercially available 4-sulfamoyl benzoic acid 29. The structure of a representative compound from each class was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Selected compounds tested for inhibitory activity against COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes showed good selectivity for COX-2 versus COX-1 enzyme.
Dating of Historical Manuscripts Using Spectrometric Methods: A Mini-Review
An overview is provided of spectrometric methods useful for age estimation of historical manuscripts (medieval ones in particular), in order to confirm their authenticity. Individual methods (infrared and Raman spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, atomic emission spectroscopy, X-ray spectroscopy, and electron scanning microscopy) are discussed and examples of their application described. The following general strategy can be recommended for dating and/or authenticating of historical manuscripts. First of all, the pigment analysis should be carried out using Raman spectroscopy (distinguishing the period and modern pigments), followed by PIXE ink analysis (solving the question of ink homogeneity). Finally, the radiocarbon dating of the writing support, potentially supplemented by the ink dating using scanning Auger microscopy should be performed.