Harvesting electrical energy from rain by SPMS - Special pipe and micro-generator system
This paper presents a methodology to find optimal height for pipe of special pipe and micro generator system - SPMS for harvesting electrical energy from potential energy of precipitations in form of rain. Theoretical calculations in order to obtain theoretical amount of energy for two-storey house in western slope of Vidzeme upland of Latvia are presented as well as calculations to obtain real amount of obtainable energy based on experimental data are presented. Virtual model of SPMS developed according experimental data in simulation program Lab VIEW 7.1 is described.
Rainfall Estimation over Roof-Top Using Land-Cover Classification of Google Earth Images
'Water' is one of the most valuable resources available to the mankind. In the world, due to exponential growth in population and industrialization we are witnessing scarcity of water. In addition, water table levels are falling rapidly than ever. Hence proper management and appropriate utilization of water has become the need of an hour. Hence this problem is required to be tackled with the novel approach. The idea behind this proposal is to design and development of rain water harvesting system based on rainfall runoff estimation over rooftop. The Google Earth image is combination of remote sensed satellite images and aerial photographs. The information on land use and land cover is obtained using satellites Google Earth images which are simple, economical and precise approach. In the proposed work an efficient classification technique is proposed in which K-means clustering algorithm and textural parameters based on GLCM are used for classification of the Google Earth images into land cover and land use sector. In Land use and land cover classification whole image gets classified into different region such as Grass area, Water area, Roof-top area, Soil area etc. Then area under the different regions is computed. Area measurement is required for computing rainfall runoff using estimation model. Experimental result shows that the computation of the areas of roof tops and road surfaces are nearly accurate and rainfall runoff calculation can be estimated very near to actual.
Irrigation Engineering
AN annual grant of about 500,000l. having been V recently allotted by the Congress of the United States for the construction of irrigation works in arid regions, under the supervision of the director of the Geological Survey, various projects have been prepared with a view to their execution in the near future,- which have already given employment to a number of engineers. This development has enhanced the importance of a sound knowledge of the principles of irrigation engineering, and has, accordingly, led the author to revise thoroughly and enlarge his book on the subject.Irrigation Engineering.By Herbert M. Wilson Fourth edition. Pp. xxiii + 573. (New York: John Wiley and Sons; London: Chapman and Hall, Ltd., 1903.) Price 17s. net.