Cross-reactivity and antigenic structure of the C 5 component of human complement
W e tr ied to f ind some corre la t ion be tween t he syn thes i s of p roazu lenes in t he essent ia l oil of s o m e species oi the genus Achilles and t he n u m b e r of c h r o m o s o m e s in thei r somat ic cells: 12 species were i nves t i ga t ed ; in each case, samples of wild and cu l t iva t ed p l an t s of local and foreign origin were inc luded (table). P roazu lenes were ident i f ied in a wa te r ex t r ac t ob ta ined f rom t he herbage, us ing t he m e t h o d of S tah l based on color reac t ion of azulenes wi th p d i m e t h y l a m i n o benza ldehyde [6]. The n u m b e r of ch romosomes in mi to t ic ceils in vege t a t i on or roots af ter ge rmi na t i on was de t e rmined b y t he m e t h o d ol E h r e n d o r f e r [7]. The e x p e r i m e n t s showed t h a t the genus Achilles is polyploid wi th the base n u m b e r x = 9 of ch romosomes . P roazu lenes were p r e sen t in all s amples of the species Achilles coZlina Becke t and Achilles pannonica Scheele; t he former is t e t r a ploid (2ar 36), t he la t t e r hexa or octoploid ( 2 n = 54 or 2n = 72; table). O the r species (except Achilles miile]oIium L.
Cross-reactions between human and animal plasma proteins
SummaryBased on the reaction patterns of 103 antisera from the rabbit, the goat, the sheep and the horse against 37 different human plasma proteins and polypeptides, forming part of them, the influence of the antiserum on cross-reactions was investigated. Two major types of influence were especially taken into account, namely the one of the antibody-producing species (ABS) and the one of the immunization method, respective the antiserum source. Various antiserum batches differed widely in the range of species they gave cross-reactions with. From the present investigations no clear-cut influence of the ABS can be derived. Instead the effect of the immunization scheme appeared to be influential. The results are discussed in relation to Landsteiner's concept of “serological perspective” and to the confrontation between ABS and antigen-producing species (AGS).ZusammenfassungAusgehend von den Reaktionsmustern, welche mit 103 verschiedenen Antiserumchargen vom Kaninchen, von der Ziege, vom Schaf und vom Pferd gegen 37 verschiedene menschliche Plasmaproteine und sie auf bauende Peptide erhalten wurden, wurde der Einfluß des Antiserums auf die Kreureaktionen von Protein-Homologen untersucht. Der Schwerpunkt lag dabei auf demjenigen der antikörperproduzierenden Art (ABS) und der Immunisierungstechnik (bzw. der Herkunft des Antiserums). Die verschiedenen Antiserumchargen unterschieden sich stark im Umfang der Kreuzreaktionen, welche mit ihnen erhalten wurden. Aus der vorliegenden Untersuchung läßt sich kein eindeutiger Einfluß der hier einbezogenen ABS ableiten. Die Ergebnisse werden im Hinblick auf Landsteiners Konzept von der “Serologischen Perspektive” und auf die Beziehung zwischen ABS und antikörperproduzierender Art diskutiert.
Research on velocity distribution in semi-dry flue gas desulfurization tower
As an accurate high-quality instantaneous measurement technology, particle image velocimetry (PIV in acronym) has applied widely in single-phase flow and multiphase flow. The velocity distribution in semi-dry FGD tower directly influences gas-solid mix and contact situation. In base of the tower, gas-solid two-phase flow field is more complex, and has the quite tremendous influence to the overall system desulphurization efficiency. This paper utilized PIV to study velocity distribution in Semi-dry flue gas desulfurization tower and obtained velocity distribution.