Factors Which Influence the Size of the Contemporary Dwelling
Abstract This study investigates the phenomenon of building big dwellings in contemporary Saudi society. It relates the size of the contemporary villa-type dwelling with the traditional dwelling, and it compares it to a number of average (standard) international dwellings. It questions the rationale of its large size; hence, it argues against leaving this trend to continue unchecked. It further defines and discusses factors which influence the dwelling size, i.e. economic, socio-cultural, and new building practice and trade. The aim of this research is to draw attention to this phenomenon, to inform those involved in housing policy and design of the extent of size-related problems in terms of initial construction and furnishing cost and in terms of operating and maintenance life-cycle cost, and to call for further research to investigate its social, environmental, and economic impact on the country and its population.
IDENTITY CRISIS DUE TO TRANSFORMATION OF HOME ENVIRONMENT: THE CASE FOR TWO MUSLIM CITIES, DHAKA AND HOFUF
Affiliation and bonding of community members with one another within a neighbourhood is important and a way of acquiring identity. As neighbourhoods are geographical locations in which people live side by side in a limited range of physical arrangements, the spatial proximity inevitably produces certain kinds of intrusions or annoyances among the neighbours that share the space and acquire identity. Similarly, a neighbourhood also refers to the physical setting, activities, and boundaries, where the communal life to refers the norms, values and common beliefs of a group of people. Because neighbourhood today serves many of the functions of the communal life, in many neighbourhoods, especially poor ones, reliance on neighbours may be essential despite difference in the political and socio-economic background. Altman and Wandersman (1987) pointed out that the communal life provides the communal identity and essential characteristics, such as, the presence of local institutions, official recognition, the type of housing they contain, the pattern of social interaction and organization that they exhibit, the ethnic, socio-economic, and demographic makeup of residents.
Fragment Rotational State Distributions From The Dissociation Of NeIBr: Experimental And Theoretical Results
The IBr fragment rotational state distributions that result when the NeIBr van der Waals molecule undergoes vibrational predissociation have been measured in a pump–probe laser‐induced fluorescence experiment. Independent of initial vibrational state and the number of quanta of vibrational energy lost from the I–Br coordinate, the rotational distributions extend over the full range of energetically accessible states. From the observation of energetic constraints on the rotational distribution, the dissociation energy (D0) is calculated to be 65.5±1.2 cm−1 for the A electronic state, v=16. For the X electronic state, v=0, D0=71.8±1.2 cm−1. Quantum mechanical bound state calculations carried out on a model A electronic state potential energy surface are in quantitative agreement with this result. The rotational distributions are broader than that predicted by either a Franck–Condon or classical impulsive model for the dissociation. The distributions are qualitatively in accord with classical trajectory calc...