Analytical variation in metabolic profile testing
Summary Results are presented demonstrating quality control of the analytical procedures used during the application of metabolic profile tests to dairy herds over a period of 3 years. The significance of analytical variance is discussed in relation to the average population variance in dairy herds. It is concluded that analytical variance can be restricted to reasonable proportions providing that careful quality control is continuously employed.
Evidence for the absorption of reducing sugar from the small intestine of the dairy cow.
SUMMARY The concentration of reducing sugar in mesenteric-vein blood was found to be higher than that in carotid-artery blood in each of two dairy cows fed a ration of concentrate and hay. When one of the cows was fed ground maize and molassine meal in addition, the concentration of reducing sugar in the mesenteric blood increased further relative to that in arterial blood. The sampled mesenteric vein in this animal was found to drain the central third of the ileum. It is concluded that reducing sugar is absorbed from the ileum into the blood stream.
Characterization of Aqueous Dispersions and Gels Made of Sodium Caseinate and Basil Seed Gum: Phase Behavior, Rheology, and Microstructure
The interactions between sodium caseinate (NaCas) and basil seed gum (BSG) in the presence of calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) were investigated. The phase behavior of the mixed aqueous dispersions and their gels revealed a homogeneous mixture, obtained at the higher concentrations of both CaCl 2 and BSG. The Herschel-Bulkley model sufficiently fitted the flow behavior of the mixture solution data. Apparent viscosity increased significantly ( p  < 0.05) by increasing the concentration of BSG, where the addition of CaCl 2 had no significant effect on the viscosity of the samples ( p  > 0.05). Furthermore, there was an increase in thixotropy due to the higher concentrations of BSG and CaCl 2 . Based on the frequency sweep test, at the low frequencies, a more gel-like behavior was observed in the case of the higher concentrations of either BSG or CaCl 2 . The rheological and SEM data suggested that the stronger structure of NaCas-BSG gel in the presence of the higher concentrations of CaCl 2 was related to the induction of complex formation between the two biopolymers.