Simultaneous Qualitative and Quantitative Study of Main Compounds in Commelina communis Linn. by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS-MS and HPLC-ESI-MS-MS.
This study reported the identification and determination of the main components of Commelina communis Linn. A total of 62 compounds were identified in C. communis Linn. extract, which included 29 flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides, 17 phenolic acids, 4 alkaloids, 1 pyrimidine alkaloids, 3 sterols and 8 fatty acids and others by ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid triple quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Moreover, a specific, simple, rapid and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for determination of 13 components of C. communis Linn., which included orientin, iso-orientin, vitexin, isovitexin, rutin, apigenin, protocatechuate, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, luteolin, quercetin and isorhamnetin. All calibration curves showed good linearity (r ≥ 0.9991) within the test range. The intra- and inter-day precisions (relative standard deviation%, RSD%) were within 1.04 and 0.92%, and the recoveries ranged from 98.64 to 100.8%. These results may contribute to the further study and quality control for C. communis Linn.
Experimental study on the hypoglycemic effects of the extract from Commelina communis L.
Objective To observe the hypoglycemic effects of water extract of Commelina comunis L . Methods The effects of water extract of Commelina comunis L. on blood glucose and glucose tolerance was investigated in normoglycemic mice. The hypoglycemic effect of water extract of Commelina comunis L. was investigated in alloxanized and adrenalin - induced hyperglycemic mice. Results At the dose of 4.80～19.20g raw water extract of Commelina comunis L./kg of body weight the blood glucose levels in normoglycemic mice did not change remarkably,but it could improve the glucose tolerance. Otherwise,the water extract of Commelina comunis L. significantly lowered the blood glucose levels in adrenalin- induced and alloxanized hyperglycemic mice. Conclusion The water extract of Commelina comunis L. possesses significant hypoglycemic effects.
Enhancement of surface properties on Low Density Polyethylene packaging films using various fluorination routes
Nowadays, packaging market deployment requires an important attention. Influence of treatment with molecular (F2) or atomic (Fradical dot) fluorine on properties of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) films was investigated. The films were treated using direct fluorination conditions with F2 or a specific reagent XeF2, which releases atomic fluorine Fradical dot. Changes of LDPE chemical composition were investigated by FTIR and solid state NMR. Surface morphology was studied by several microscopy techniques (SEM and AFM). Finally to further characterize film properties after treatments, surface energy measurements and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analyses were also carried out. An upper fluorinated layer, which contains mainly high amount of single bondCF2single bond, was formed during the direct fluorination conditions (F2). For the process performed with XeF2, specific groups single bondCHFsingle bond were detected not only on the polymer surface but also in the bulk. The final CHF/CF2 ratio depended on the fluorination route. Treatment with Fradical dot (originated from XeF2 decomposition) resulted in single bondCHFsingle bond groups in bulk prevailing formation whereas F2 formed mainly single bondCF2single bond groups. Regardless to the reactive species, radicals (dangling bonds) appeared during the fluorination and reacted with oxygen during the exposition to air after the treatment. Such a process resulted in oxygenated polar groups formation and consequently in the surface energy increase.