The October 1905 pogroms and the Russian authorities
This article analyzes the October 1905 pogroms in the Russian Empire. It explores the reasons for the pogroms, the perpetrators, the victims, and the consequences for the Jewish population. The article shows the differences and peculiarities of the pogroms, which occurred in the cities and shtetls, rural areas, on the railroads, and in the ports. The article also explores the attitude and involvement of the higher and local authorities, police, and troops in the pogroms. Historians continue to debate whether these pogroms occurred spontaneously or were organized by the Tsarist authorities. This article provides considerable evidence that the October 1905 pogroms were not a spontaneous reaction of conservatives to the revolutionary events, but rather was the policy of the Russian government directed toward the suppression of the revolutionary movement.
The Role of Civil and Military Commanders During the 1905 Pogroms in Odessa and Kiev
The 600-plus pogroms following the Manifesto of October 17, 1905, could have been prevented or interdicted by timely actions on the part of the police and army. Instead, soldiers and policemen are widely seen to have favored the pogrom's perpetrators, and their commanders have been seen as complicit in that behavior. Older pogrom narratives viewed this as a centrally planned conspiracy to drown the revolution in Jewish blood. Contemporary narratives have transferred this explanation to the local level, merging rank-and-file and command-level motives and relying heavily on anti-Jewish animus and ideology to explain the pogroms. A close examination of the mid-October actions of the civil and military authorities in two key southern Russian cities reveals structural and conjunctural complexities underlying the apparent parallels between official and crowd behavior.
Bodies of Evidence: Burial, Memory and the Recovery of Missing Persons in Cyprus
List of Figures and Maps Acknowledgements Chapter 1. Heirs of Antigone: Disappearances and Political Memory Chapter 2. Suppressed Experiences Chapter 3. Testimonies of Fragmentation, Recollections of Unity Chapter 4. The Missing as a Set of Representations Chapter 5. The Martyrdom of the Missing Chapter 6. L'image Juste, or Juste une Image? Chapter 7. Painting Absences, Describing Losses Chapter 8. Antigone's Doubt, Creon's Dilemma Chapter 9. Power, Complicity, and Public Secrecy Bibliography Appendices Index