Local Politics and Democracy in Thailand
Abstract This article aimed to explain the development of the Thai local politics and democracy which originated from the concept of the administration decentralization, and to promote the importance of democracy basic principles learning. In developed countries it is evident that the progress of politics and democracy experienced the processes of tolerance, majority rules and minority rights, conflict solving, negotiation, and benefits assimilation. The early stage of the initiation of the Thai local administration, under the District Administration Act of the year 1994 has also caused the conflicts and violence to life and properties, as well as crimes and corruptions of those involved with local politicians. However, the experience from the past two decades has led to the development of communities and local politicians resulting in the development of public utilities including roads, water supply, water sources, public spaces, public properties, and local economy. The centralized phenomena, including the number of votes in the elections, protests, and silence during the coup d’etat, reflected the failure and weaknesses of the national administration. Thus, the development of local administration can be considered as a good lesson in solving conflicts and violence in the nation's politics.
The Process of Human Resource Development to Become a Democratic Community: A Case Study of Excellent Democratic Communities in Kham Khuean Kaew District, Yasothon Province, Thailand
The objective of this research is to analyze the principles and concepts for the human resources development of the democratic community in Kham Khuean Kaew Dristrict, Yasothon Province by using the qualitative research methodology to study the phenomenon of human resources development in each community. The data is collected from 35 informants consisting of the qualified persons, community leaders, village’s committees, leaders of local administrative officers, and general people. This research tools consist of the structural interview forms, observation forms, and field work record forms. The data is collected from the document analysis, in-depth interview, focus group, and observation. The results are analyzed by using the Content Analysis method. The results reveal that (1) the types of community linkages for the 3 communities have some common natures in 3 aspects; being the communities that focus on giving people the opportunity to participate in, focusing on the use of community culture as a medium, and focusing on the establishment of community network, (2) The principles and concepts of human resource development in the democratic community is the process of creating people to have correct knowledge and understanding on the democracy by using the study guidelines, socialization, adaptation of the community culture, cooperation between various sectors such as schools, families, temples and communities in the form of network to promote efficient and effective human resource development in the community in order to build the foundation of democratic development at the community level and the national level stably and sustainably, (3) The democratic character of the community is in two dimensions; the individual dimension and the community dimension, (4) The role of community movement towards democracy is that in driving the democracy, it is supported by two main factors; internal and external community factors, and (5) the human resource development process towards being the democratic community should begin with the family along with socialization through the environment of the community under the conditions of tradition and culture, economic system of the community, way of life of the community people which leads to the happy democratic community.
Economics of General-Purpose Assembly Robots
Summary A study of the comparative economics of various automatic assembly systems using general-purpose assembly robots is described. In the study, use is made of a “typical” candidate assembly whose profile is obtained from statistical analysis of actual products submitted by interested companies. It is shown that the choice of assembly system and the various parts presentation methods depends on three main factors, namely: the annual production volume per shift, the number of parts in the product and the equipment payback period.