Phytoecdysones ofRhaponticum integrifolium III. Integristerone B
SummaryFrom the flower heads ofRhaponticum integrifolium we have isolated a new phytoecdysone — integristerone B. It has been shown that it is 1β, 2β, 3β, 5β, 14α, 20R, 22R, 25-octahydroxy-5β-cholest-7-en-6-one.
Phytoecdysones ofRhaponticum integrifolium IV. 24(28)-Dehydromakisterone A
SummaryA new phytoecdysone has been isolated from the flower heads ofRhaponticum integrifolium, and for it the structure of 24(28)-dehydromakisterone A has been established.
Spatial distribution of root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) in a long-term no-till cropping system and their relationship with soil and landscape properties
The Cook Agronomy Farm of Washington State University is a long-term precision agriculture study site. Since 2000, the farm has been in various three-year no-till rotations with winter wheat, spring wheat, and various rotation crops such as barley, canola, peas, lentils, and chickpea. The spatial distribution of root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) and their relationships with soil and terrain variables were studied by collecting soil samples at 127 and 124 geo-referenced points in two 12-ha fields during the spring of 2010 and 2011, respectively. Pratylenchus spp. were detected in more than 85% of the sampled locations in both fields. Nematode densities spatially mapped using ArcGIS software occurred in an aggregated pattern. Previous rotation crops had no effect on the spatial distribution. Classification and regression tree analysis (CART) using soil and terrain variables, and nematode density, explained 61 and 34% of the variability associated with nematode density in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Soil edaphic factors, such as organic matter, were stronger predictors of nematode populations than rotation effects.