Installation Design for Valve-Regulated Sealed Lead-Acid Batteries in Generating Stations
Commercially available large-capacity valve-regulated sealed lead-acid batteries represent a novel technology for large stationary batteries for emergency power applications, using an oxygen recombinant cycle to inhibit the generation of hydrogen under normal operation. A discussion is presented of the installation design for these batteries, making comparisons to traditional vented lead-acid cells as appropriate. The operation of the valve-regulated sealed lead-acid battery is also described. >
Stationary Valve Regulated Sealed Lead-Acid Batteries can the Arrhenius Equation be used to Predict Product Life
Some high temperature tests have been undertaken on the Chloride Powersafe product, to see if the technique could be used to predict product life. When the results of the tests were applied to the Arrhenius equation the subsequent plots gave inconsistant predictions and, in one case the prediction was wrong in that the value was less than actual service. Therefore, single mode failure criterea, essential for the application of the Arrhenius equation, may not be true for this type of product. In conclusion proposals are made that could improve the reproducability of the data, and observations are made that indentify the possibility that more than one reaction is involved in the life determining step of the product.
Techno-economic analysis of chemical looping combustion with humid air turbine power cycle
Abstract Power generation from fossil fuel-fired power plant is the largest single source of CO2 emission. CO2 emission contributes to climate change. On the other hand, renewable energy is hindered by complex constraints in dealing with large scale application and high price. Power generation from fossil fuels with CO2 capture is therefore necessary to meet the increasing energy demand, and reduce the emission of CO2. This paper presents a process simulation and economic analysis of the chemical looping combustion (CLC) integrated with humid air turbine (HAT) cycle for natural gas-fired power plant with CO2 capture. The study shows that the CLC–HAT including CO2 capture has a thermal efficiency of 57% at oxidizing temperature of 1200 °C and reducer inlet temperature of 530 °C. The economic evaluation shows that the 50 MWth plant with a projected lifetime of 30 years will have a payback period of 7 years and 6 years for conventional HAT and CLC–HAT cycles respectively. The analysis indicates that CLC–HAT process has a high potential to be commercialised.