Hot-stage transmission electron microscopy study of phase transformations in hexacelsian (BaAl2Si2O8)
Phase transformations in synthetic hexacelsian were investigated by hot-stage transmission electron microscopy. A second phase transformation from an orthorhombic to hexagonal structure was identified in the synthetic hexacelsian at approximately 700 °C. The hexacelsian was found to exhibit a sequence of phase transformations on heating of hexagonal (P6 3 /mcm)-orthorhombic (Immm)-hexagonal (P6/mmm). Antiphase domain boundaries, which were observed in P6 3 /mcm and Immm phases, were absent in the P6/mmm phase. Crystal symmetries of the three phases were determined by convergent beam electron diffraction, and space group symmetries were derived by comparison of experimental selected area electron diffraction patterns with computer-simulated patterns.
Phase transitions and associated domains in hexacelsian (BaAl2Si2O8)
Phase transitions and associated domains of BaAl2Si2O8-hexacelsian were studied by means of transmission electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. Two polymorphs were found: a hexagonal with space group P63/mcm and a pseudohexagonal orthorhombic one with space group Immm. P63/mcm-hexacelsian displays antiphase domains with the displacement vector 1/2 c and Immm-hexacelsian contains twin domains with the three-fold twin axis parallel z and antiphase domains with the displacement vector 1/2 c. When P63/mcm-hexacelsian is heated above ∼ 300°C it inverts to Immm-hexacelsian. The reversible and rapid transition and the associated formation of domains was studied by in situ experiments using a heating holder. P63/mcm and Immm are not connected among each other by a group-subgroup relationship, but both are subgroups of P6/mmm. The occurrence of twin and/or antiphase domains respectively in the polymorphs agrees with the symmetry reductions.
Capital Accumulation and Women's Labour in Asian Economies
* Contents * Foreword by Gerrit Huizer * 1. Feminism and the conceptualization of women's labour in Asian economies. * PART I: The Discourse on Women's Labour in Historical Perspective * 2. The patriarchal bias of working class theoreticians: Marx and Proudhon. 3. The proletarian women's movement in Germany and women's labour. 4. The legacy of the second feminist wave: the debate on household labour revisited. * PART II: The Industrial Work of Women in India and Bangladesh * 5. Home-based women labourers in the garment industry in West Bengal. 6. Wage slavery among women garment workers in the factory system in Bangladesh. 7. The German feminist school and the thesis of housewifization. * PART III: Women's Role as Agricultural Producers * 8. Developmental feminism and peasant women's labour in Bangladesh. 9. The ecofeminist discourse in India. 10. The German feminist school and the thesis of subsistence labour. * PART IV: Japanization and Women's Labour * 11. The Japanese style of management and Fordism compared. 12. Japanese women as a vast reserve army of Labour. 13. Conclusion: capital accumulation in contemporary Asia