Mitigation of Capacitor Bank Energization Harmonic Transients
In the present study, an overview of the capacitor bank energizing transients is presented and the means of harmonic mitigation technique are investigated. Capacitor bank connection is essential due to reactive compensation reasons. Transients produced upon of capacitor bank energizing, reach in harmonics, may be harmful for the capacitor and become an increasing concern for both electric utilities and customers since its switching usually occurs quite frequently. We know that power factor correction capacitors are sensitive to harmonics and one factor of the failures of power capacitors indicates the prime odd harmonics like 5th, 7th, 11th, 13th harmonics. A time domain simulation using PSCAD/EMTDC was performed to predict the harmonic spectrum of the distorted voltage waveform in a real 11 kV Romanian distribution subsystem
Transient analysis of mechanically switched capacitors with and without damping network connected to A.C grid
Mechanically switched capacitors (MSC) are very well known reactive power compensation devices which are extensively in use in power transmission systems. However, during switching of MSC in a high voltage grid, significant transients are found to appear across the capacitor bank bus as well as different elements of MSC which may lead to insulation degradation affecting the long term performance of the capacitor banks. An improved version of the MSC is MSCDN where a damping network is employed with the capacitor banks to damp out the transient oscillations. However, during switching of a MSCDN plant significant transients are observed across its different elements. Considering the afore-said fact, in this contribution, a comparative study of transient behavior of mechanically switched capacitors with and without damping network is presented during switching in a 400 kV A.C grid. Transient simulations are performed on an exemplary MSC and MSCDN model using PSCAD/EMTDC software. It has been observed that there is a significant reduction in transient overvoltage and inrush current in switching a MSCDN plant when compared to a mere MSC switching. Moreover, the percentage reduction in transient overvoltage and inrush current during switching a MSCDN plant is found to depend on the design of damping network which may be important to analyze the transient behavior during switching in a high voltage A.C grid.
Some aspects of the destruction of lysine under conditions of acid and enzymic hydrolysis of protein materials containing carbohydrates.
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