Improving fuel utilization in steel mill operations using linear programming
Abstract This paper describes the use of linear programming to improve the fuel utilisation at a major Midwestern steel mill. In particular, linear programming is used to determine an efficient fuel allocation plan for this steel mill, which reduces the total fuel costs for the steel mill operations. The efficient fuel allocation plan that is developed utilises two externally purchased fuels: natural gas and fuel oil, and two gases: blast furnace gas and coke plant gas, which are internally generated as natural by-products of the production process. Test results from the application of the linear programming model are presented and discussed, and indicate that considerable cost savings can be achieved by utilizing a fuel allocation plan which more effectively utilizes the by-product gases which are produced within the steel making process.
An Application of Mixed Integer Programming in a Swedish Steel Mill
The object is to make a tool for a Swedish steel company Fagersta AB to select appropriate ingredients for charges of high-grade steel, specified with regard to weight and percentage of certain chemical elements. 
 
The problem is modelled as a traditional blending problem, with additional constraints expressing that some of the variables must be integer valued. The algorithm used was designed at the Contract Research Group for Applied Mathematics, Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. The implemented system is available from the time-sharing terminal of the company and has completely replaced the former manual calculations. About two runs are made every day and the results are directly used in the production process. A substantial improvement in profitability has been demonstrated. The cost for raw materials has been decreased by roughly 6%, which corresponds to $200,000 per year, and the planning work has been considerably simplified.
Researches on Structural Factor Involvement in Oral Tribology
This study is focused on two ceramic materials, D.SING (Ivoclar) and VM13 (emphasis the VITA TN), frequently used in restorative dentistry practice and it comes to complete a full set of results obtained by the authors over several years of research on oral tribology with main influence on oral health. In this way there are involved more specific structural aspects of dental restorative ceramic materials quality as is shown in [1].