Cereals Market in Romania under the Impact of the Common Agricultural Policy
The aim of this paper is to analyses the cereals market after Romania accession to European Union. Thus, I considered necessary and appropriate to achieve the dynamic analysis of production, prices, trade, consumption, and self-sufficiency that provides an overview on the evolution of the cereals market in Romania, in the European context, starting from resources representing the demand, to the uses that represent the supply. I also point out the main mechanisms and support instruments for the cereals market under the Common Agriculture Policy, in the period 2007-2013 and towards 2014-2020.
Romanian position in the light of the future common agricultural policy reform.
We witness today important debates in the designation of future agricultural polices that will greatly affect the European agri-food and rural development sector. Based upon different approaches created after 2007, the paper proposes three scenarios that should be further empirically investigated at the Romanian farm level in order to establish the Romanian position in the future reforms. They are: a status quo scenario in which the CAP reforms continue in the direction set by the Commission in the CAP Health Check; a moderate reform in which the main actual CAP instruments remain but, the budgetary costs decrease and the second pillar is reinforced and redesigned in order to better respond to new challenges; and, thirdly, drastic changes for grated payments, only by means of the second CAP pillar. Finding the best agricultural policies for Romania will insure its adhesion to different Member State groups already formed in the negociations (as determinated by the paper). Further farm research efforts should be conducted in order to realize an ex ante impact evaluation of these scenarios by the use of mathematical programming models.
Deliberative Democracy and the Resource Curse: A Nationwide Experiment in Tanzania
Oil and gas discoveries in developing countries are often associated with short-sighted economic policies and, in response, calls to insulate resource management from populist impulses. We report on a randomized experiment testing methods to overcome this apparent tension between sound resource governance and democratic politics. Soon after Tanzania’s discovery of major natural gas reserves, we invited a nationally representative sample of voters to an intensive public deliberation of policy options featuring nationally recognized experts and small-group discussions. Democratic deliberation reinforced the public’s strong preference for rapid spending of gas revenues, but also increased support for various prudential and economically orthodox measures, including independent oversight of gas revenues, limits on government borrowing, and selling gas abroad rather than subsidizing fuel at home. These effects were driven by deliberation per se, rather than a pure information treatment, and show no evidence of contamination by facilitatoror peer-effects in group deliberations. www.cgdev.org Justin Sandefur, Nancy Birdsall, James Fishkin, and Mujobu Moyo