Variational method for inner-shell excitation in heavy-ion collisions
In the framework of the monopole model we study a perturbation method for inner-shell excitation which covers the whole projectile velocity region. This is achieved by introducing a velocity-dependent variational parameter and minimizing the time-dependent perturbation. We apply the method to theK-excitation of nonrelativistic systems.
The nonadiabatic sliding model and its application to δ-electron emission
The ejection of target K electrons by projectiles which move with an arbitrary velocityν is calculated with the help of optimised basis states. These states are variationally determined by minimising the time-dependent monopole perturbation. Asν increases, this prescription provides a continuous transition from molecular states to atomic states. It is demonstrated that a molecular description should not only be applied at lowν, but also for very large energies of the ejected electron even ifν is large. Calculations are performed for the collision systems Li+Ne and O+Al.
Euthanasia — again: “Letting die” is not in the patient's best interests: a case for active euthanasia
Recent discussions in the Journal on the subject of euthanasia have relied on intuitive appeals to distinctions traditionally considered to be morally relevant, such as the distinction between acts and omissions (or killing and letting die), or ordinary and extraordinary means of treatment. These discussions remained inconclusive. However, the question of euthanasia no longer remains inconclusive if one adopts the perspective suggested by the United States President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research and by the World Medical Assembly – that a doctor should act in his or her patient's best interests. From this vantage point, it is argued, there will be instances when active euthanasia is the proper cause of action.