Investigation of Friction Weldability of En Aw 6063 Aluminium Alloy Tube to Tube Plate Using an External Tool
The traditional welding methods are commonly used tube to tube plate of heat exchangers and economiser. In this study it was investigated that application of an alternative welding method which called friction welding of tube to tube plate by using an external tool was used joining of AlMg0,7Si (EN AW 6063) aluminium alloy. The AlMg0,7Si plates with dimensions 5x50x70 mm were drilled Ø20,5, Ø21, Ø21,5, Ø22 mm. The four different sizes AlMg0,7Si tubes with dimensions 2 mm wall thickness, 20 mm outer diameter, respectively 45,5, 46, 46,5, and 47 mm length friction welded to plate using an external tool (FWTPET) at constant 900 min-1 tool rotational speed. The vertical force between tool shoulder and tube was constant during the welding, and temperature was measured at every different welding parameters. The shear test was done for determining for welded joints using special fixture. Shear strength of welded joints were determined depend on welding parameters
Mechanical and Metalurgical Properties of Friction Welded Aluminium Joints
Aluminium alloys are alloys in which aluminium (Al) is the predominant metal. The typical alloying elements are copper, magnesium, manganese, silicon and zinc. There are two prin‐ cipal classifications, namely casting alloys and wrought alloys, both of which are further subdivided into the categories heat-treatable and non-heat-treatable. About 85% of alumini‐ um is used for wrought products, for example rolled plate, foils and extrusions. Cast alumi‐ nium alloys yield cost effective products due to the low melting point, although they generally have lower tensile strengths than wrought alloys. The most important cast alumi‐ nium alloy system is Al-Si, where the high levels of silicon (4.0% to 13%) contribute to give good casting characteristics. Aluminium alloys are widely used in engineering structures and components where light weight or corrosion resistance is required [1].
Morphological characterization of Eustrongylides sp. larvae (Nematoda, Dioctophymatoidea) parasite of Rhinella marina (Amphibia: Bufonidae) from Eastern Amazonia.
Absctract Eustrongylides spp. nematodes have birds as final hosts and uses other vertebrates as intermediate/paratenic host (fish, amphibians and reptiles) and have zoonotic potential. In amphibians, the larvae may be located in the subcutaneous tissues, liver and mesentery, between the muscle fibres, especially in the lower limbs. Rhinella marina, which is widely observed in Brazil, has exhibited complex diversity in its helminth fauna, reflecting the unique habitat of the Amazon biome. For the first time, this study describes the morphological aspects of third-stage larvae of Eustrongylides sp. in Rhinella marina from Santa Cruz do Ararí, Marajó Archipelago, Eastern Amazonia, using light and scanning electron microscopy.