Rehabilitation of Irrigation Distribution Systems: The Case of Jericho City
Efficiency enhancement in irrigation distribution system (IDS) contributes to substantial water savings. This paper aims to present the methodology and lessons learned from efforts to improve efficiency in the irrigation distribution system of Jericho City. This effort presents a new paradigm in water management in water scarce countries, which focuses on both supply and demand management rather than on supply augmentation. Converting the existing irrigation canal system to a pressurized pipe network carries out rehabilitation of IDS in Jericho City. Analysis of the new IDS is performed through computer simulation. Considerations and constraints for sustainable irrigation management are presented.
Water for agricultural development: Opportunities and constraints
Abstract Globally around 70% of all water used is for agricultural development. Thus, if the world's food crisis is to be successfully resolved, enough water of appropriate quantity and quality will be necessary. Water scarcity is already a serious issue in many arid and semi‐arid countries, and the problem is likely to intensify significantly in the future. Agriculture also affects water quality in many ways. The paper analyses the present’ status of the impacts of use of pesticides and nitrate fertilizers from different parts of the world.
Pesticides and Groundwater Quality: Issues and Problems in Four States
Pesticides in groundwater can contaminate drinking water and threaten the health of communities. How does this contamination occur and what should be done about this pressing problem? This new book uses a case-study approach to describe the discovery of the problem in four major agricultural states, to summarize the most recent data on the problem, and to review the status of the problem from both technological and policy perspectives. It also addresses the controversial questions of what levels of residues are acceptable, who should bear the costs of drinking water that is already contaminated, and how federal scientific resources can best be used to aid state initiatives in addressing this problem.