The Politics of Academic Freedom.
Institutional leaders, faculty, students, and the public need a better understanding of why academic freedom is essential to student learning and to a democracy characterized by open, reasoned, and vigorous political discourse.
Academic freedom at the dawn of a new century : how terrorism, governments, and culture wars impact free speech
Table of Contents Acknowledgments Preface: David M. Rabban Part I: Introduction Chapter 1--The Reemergence of the Academic Freedom Debate Matthew J. Streb Chapter 2--Three Conceptions of Academic Freedom Timothy C. Shiell Part II: Academic Freedom and American Universities. Chapter 3--Academic Freedom in the post-September 11 Era: An Old Game With New Rules Robert M. O'Neil Chapter 4--Political Mobilization and Resistance to Censorship Donald A. Downs Chapter 5--Censoring Science: Lessons From the Past for the Post-9/11 Era M. Susan Lindee Part III: Academic Freedom in Global Perspective. Chapter 6--Academic Freedom in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia: Looking Toward the NEAR Future John Akker Chapter 7--Academic Freedom in Western Europe: Right or Privilege? Antonio Brown Chapter 8--Formal Freedoms, Informal Violence: Academic Freedom and Human Rights in Latin America Enrique Desmond Arias Part IV: Conclusions, Reflections, and Remarks on Academic Freedom. Chapter 9--Two Theories of Self-Censorship Paul M. Sniderman Chapter 10-- The Century Ahead: A Brief Survey of Potential Threats to Freedom of Speech, Thought, and Inquiry at American Universities Evan Gerstmann References Contributors Index
A LITERATURE REIEW OF TARGET COSTING IN SSCI AND SCI&SCI-EXPANDED INDEXES
Target costing as a cost management and profit planning system is used by many competitive firms since 1970s. Although the concept is simple, the implementation needs an extensive collaboration inside and outside of the organization. In contrast, many organization managers think that target costing is just related with accounting and finance staff. Our study aims to review the literature of this important concept; target costing by examining 41 English articles published in SSCI and SCI&SCI-Expanded between 1985-2008. The study aims to briefly explain the content of each article to show the reader what has accomplished so far.