A New Method of Complex Dielectric Permittivity Determination
The article proposes a new method of complex dielectric permittivity determination based on the use of surface wave resonator. This method is applied to fluorocarbon polymer-4, yttrium stabilized-zirconium and sapphire at frequency band 6-70 GHz.
Irradiation of HTS Josephson junctions with the surface wave resonator
The new type of surface wave resonator (SWR) consists of HTS film on a dielectric substrate is developed. A possibility of optimal coupling between the electromagnetic field of the SWR and the HTS Josephson junction array is shown; The topologies for embedding the bicrystal HTS Josephson junctions in the SWR are developed. These topology ensure the junction synchronization, that can be used for creation voltage standards, microwave detectors and Josephson generators and so on; The microwave properties of the SWR with HTS Josephson junction arrays (up to 450 junctions) and nonlinear elements based on Shottky-barrier diodes have been investigated. For the array with 450 HTS Josephson junctions the voltage sequence with 10 mV step has been obtained, sensitivity of the detector based on this array is 0.1 A/W with dynamic range 10/sup 2/ dB; The Josephson generation with microwave power at several nW for the SWR with bicrystal HTS JJs is detected. There were two groups of junctions. These groups are formed at the time of fabrication due to imperfection of HTS junction fabrication technology.
Geomagnetic Polarity Epochs: Sierra Nevada Data, 3
Available paleomagnetic and radiometric results for about 60 igneous rocks 3.6 m.y. old or less are consistent with the following geomagnetic polarity epoch time scale: Brunhes normal polarity epoch, 0.0 to 0.85±0.15 million years; Matuyama reversed polarity epoch, 0.85±0.15 to 2.4±0.1 million years; Gauss normal polarity epoch, 2.4±0.1 to 3.35±0.1 million years; Gilbert reversed polarity epoch, 3.35±0.1 million years to (?). A brief interval of normal polarity (the Olduvai event) occurs within the Matuyama reversed epoch at about 1.9 m.y., and a brief interval of reversed polarity (the Mammoth event) occurs within the Gauss normal epoch at about 3.06 m.y. Data for twelve units from eastern California and Nevada, reported here for the first time, are particularly useful in defining the Gauss-Gilbert boundary and for recognizing the Mammoth event.