FEM Simulation of the Roll Deformation of Six-high CVC Mill in Cold Strip Rolling
Accurate prediction for the deformation of the roll system is a key to improve the accuracy of the preset model and on-line control model of strip cold rolling processes. A non-linear finite element contact model to simulate the roll system deformation has been developed for the CVC-6h cold strip rolling mill. The elastic-plastic deformation of the strip and the elastic deformation of the rolls are coupled in this model by the contact and friction between the roll and strip. The effects of the work roll bending force, the middle roll bending force and the middle roll transverse shifting on the roll gap profile have been analyzed systematically. Results show that the work roll bending is the most effective mean in these strip shape controlling means. The calculated roll gap profile is close to the measured values. This model can improve the accuracy of final products through a correct preset model and on-line control model of strip shape.
A rigid-plastic finite element analysis of temper rolling process
Abstract A study on temper rolling process has been carried out using rigid-plastic finite element method. Rigid-plastic formulation can be used to predict the roll force and roll torque and to study the deformation field of the rolled sheet. Hitchcock’s formula for roll deformation does not consider the effect of frictional traction on the roll deformation. Hence, to account for high friction present in temper rolling, the roll deformation is computed in an iterative manner using theory of elasticity solution considering roll as an elastic half space. The study reveals that some of the assumptions made for approximate theory of temper rolling are not valid. The deformation field consists of a central rigid (actually elastic) zone and is highly non-homogeneous across the thickness of the strip. Longitudinal stress is not uniform across the thickness of the sheet, hence one-dimensional analysis of the process does not seem to be appropriate. Whereas a rigorous analysis is possible using elasto-plastic finite element formulation at the expense of large amount of computational time, a study using rigid-plastic formulation may be used to understand the qualitative effects of process parameters.
Point-to-point and point-to-multipoint communications
A network, such as wired and/or wireless LAN, is configured to have both point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections. The point-to-multipoint connection(s) is used to communicate information between a plurality of the stations (or modem, or transceivers) in the network, whereas the point-to-point connection(s) are used to communicate information between only 2 stations in the network with the ability to, for example, maximize performance (rate/reach/BER/latency/etc) between those two stations. A master station allocates one or more frequency bands to the various point-to-multipoint and point-to-point connections.