Ultra-thin sealed lead-acid batteries
The structure and performance of the world's first ultra-thin sealed lead-acid batteries are described. The batteries are 0.65 mm thick, the thinnest ever achieved, and are made possible by a new electrode structure. In a conventional battery, the separator is sandwiched between the positive and negative electrodes. In the new battery structure, however, the positive electrode, electrolyte, and negative electrode are arranged on the same plane. Movement of the battery reaction sites during charge/discharge is parallel to the main surface of the electrode. Consequently, the new battery structure offers significant advantages in regard to life performance. Batteries utilizing this new structure have a long life of over 400 cycles, and good performance of the charge/discharge characteristics. In addition, a variety of different batteries can be manufactured using screen patterns. By using the techniques described above, the thickness of a sealed lead-acid battery can be reduced to less than one seventh of that of a conventional one, without performance degradation.<<ETX>>
Distinctive features of thin‐layer sealed lead‐acid storage batteries with comb‐shaped plates
We fabricated 2.5-mm thick lead-acid cells with comb-shaped electrodes, sealed with laminated sheets, and estimated their performance. Some of the cells showed above 500 mAh of an initial capacity and one of them were cycled over 140 times till the capacity decreased to a half of the initial capacity. The initial capacity was affected strongly by viscosity of electrolyte gel filled in the cells. Utilization of electrode active materials and electrolyte was more than 20% and 55%, respectively, in the cells showed above 500 mAh of initial capacity. Cycle life was influenced mainly by cathode degradation and electrolyte drying out. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 85(11): 60–67, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecja.1138
Accurate measurements of output characteristics and detonations of motorbike high-speed racing engine and their optimization at actual atmospheric conditions and combusted mixture composition
Abstract At a motorbike high speed racing engine there is very important an output engine characteristics which depends significantly on a detonation combustion rate, atmospheric conditions and a combusted mixture composition. The combustion process has got a relevant influence on a wear degree of main engine parts or on their damage eventually. The detonation combustion rate is very important because this kind of burning can be not only destructive but a useful phenomenon, as well. If the process of detonation burning is kept on a certain level, it can help significantly to the next increasing of an engine power output. In this article there is described the measurements of output characteristics of a high-speed racing engine which were performed by means of a data-recording system and the detonation combustion was evaluated using a quantitative method. The actual values of atmospheric conditions and the mixture composition were added to the measured values. Then the obtained values are compared visually with a damage degree of an engine piston caused by the detonation burning. The result is a limit value expressed in a number of detonation units related to a run distance interval of the vehicle driven by the high-speed racing engine. In framework of this run distance interval there is the process of detonation burning profitable. As well as it increases an engine power output and together it is not destructive with regard to engine design parts.