SNP genotyping in sheep from northwest and east China for meat traceability
Meat traceability is essential for meat safety and to solve adulteration issues. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are commonly used as a DNA marker and provide a way to trace meat and meat products. The high resolution melting method is a relatively cheap and fast method for detecting specific SNPs. In the present study, we selected 8 SNPs from the NCBI dbSNP database and tested their feasibility in blood or meat samples from 135 sheep reared in northwestern and eastern China. The results indicated that seven SNPs were suitable for meat traceability and the probability of 2 individuals having the same genotype was 1.85 out of 1000.
A panel of SNP markers for meat traceability of Halal beef in the Chinese market
Abstract Genetic traceability in the whole food supply chain is a reliable method to protect the integrity of Halal beef, but there is no available SNPs panel for the meat traceability of cattle breeds in China. This study aimed at developing a useful SNP panel for Halal beef traceability in the Chinese market. Fifty-nine SNPs markers belonging to 29 autosomes of bovine genome were tested in seven cattle breeds which were the Chinese main breed source of Halal beef. SNPs with minor allele frequencies less than 30% were excluded and a thirty-six highly informative SNPs panel had been selected. With the SNPs panel, the probability that one individual is incorrectly assigned ranges from 1.12 out of 10 (×15) to 3.38 out of 10 (×12), depending on the breed. In addition, twelve most polymorphic SNPs markers in the pooled animals were successfully used for meat traceability of Halal beef by meat-blood pairs. The selected thirty-six SNPs of panel could be employed to further guarantee the safety of Halal beef in the Chinese market.
Modelling of Mooney viscosity relaxation in natural rubber
Abstract Better assessment of natural rubber (NR) quality and processability, through the identification of new attributes, is still a major challenge. With this scope, 12 model samples of natural polyisoprene and two of synthetic polyisoprene were characterized in terms of Mooney torque relaxation, using the standardized ISO289 method (ML(1+4)100, explained later in the Section 1 ). The main purpose of this study was to identify a model that gave a better fit for the experimental decay of Mooney torque over time (ML(t)=f(t)) than the usual power law model used before (Y=at−b, [G.M. Bristow, A.G. Sears, The use of novel parameters in the assessment of natural rubber processability, NR Technol. 18 (1987); H.G. Burhin, W. Spreutels, J.M. Campbell, MV2000 Mooney viscometer: Mooney relaxation measurements on raw polymers and compounded rubber stocks, Kautsch. Gummi Kunstst. 43 (1990) 431]). The results showed that a generalized Maxwell model, and the Wu–Abbott empirical model ( Y = 1 − a Ln ( t ) − ( b t / ( c + t ) ) ) [T. Wu, J.A. Abbott, Firmness and force relaxation characteristics of tomatoes stored intact or as slices, Postharvest Biol. Technol. 24 (2002) 59–68], recently used for describing stress relaxation of tomato flesh, allowed a better description of the relaxation curve for the samples studied than the power law or stretched exponential traditionally used. Moreover, the total relaxation time (τm) given by the generalized Maxwell model showed good correlation with the total gel content of the samples studied.