Analyzing of heating elements' location of distributed control objects
At the present stage of development of automatic control systems the issue of maintaining of a given temperature regime appears. The authors have developed a method of synthesis of nonlinear regulators to stabilize a control object temperature field (published by Ilyushin, Y., Pervukhin, D., Afanasieva, O., Klavdiev, A., & Kolesnichenko, S. (2014). The Methods of the Synthesis of the Nonlinear Regulators for the Distributed One-Dimension Control Objects. Modern Applied Science, 9(2), 42–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v9n2p42). The resulting controller allows creating an adaptive regulated system to maintain a temperature field - to do that, it is necessary to analyze a control system in order to find an optimal number of heating elements to stabilize a temperature field. In this there have been article obtained functions for calculating an optimal number of heating elements of silicon-carbide heaters, used for a temperature treatment of various kinds of products (bread baking, metal hardening, etc.). The article describes a method to calculate the number of heating elements of n-dimensional control objects. A check of an adequacy of a mathematical model, obtained within a synthesis process is provided as well. Obtained hodographs of the system demonstrate a stability of running processes and therefore an adequacy of results.
Zinc electrochemical reduction on a steel cathode in a weak electromagnetic field
The influence of weak periodic electromagnetic pulses with a repetition rate of 215 kHz on the process of zinc electrochemical reduction at a structural-steel cathode under the conditions of working galvanic production was studied experimentally. The results of studying zinc coatings using scanning electron microscope and X-ray microanalyzer are presented. The effects are discussed in the context of external synchronization of the self-organized dissipative structures in the reaction zone.
The Invariance of the Vacuum is the Invariance of the World
The following theorem is demonstrated: If the vacuum is invariant under the group generated by the space integral of the time component of a local vector current, then the Hamiltonian is invariant also. A similar theorem holds for the group generated by the space integral of a space component of a local axial-vector current.