Triterpene glycosides of Cephalaria kotschyi and C. nachiczevanica
Methanolic extracts of the flowers and roots of each species were evaporated to dryness separately, the residues were dissolved in water, and the solutions were washed with chloroform and ethyl acetate and were then extracted with n-butanol. The concentrated butanolic extracts were purified by chromatography on KSK silica gel in the butan-l-ol-methanol (3:1) system. According to thin-layer chromatography (TLC) on silica gel in the butan-l-ol-methanoi--25% ammonia (10:2:5) system, the combined saponins isolated contained seven triterpene glycosides, which were called, in order of increasing polarity, cephalarosides A, B, C, D, E, F, and G. The compositions of the glycosides of the two plants proved to be identical.
Thin-layer chromatography of carbohydrates.
The separation of carbohydrates on thin layers of silica gel is due first of all to the type and quantity of impregnating salt. 
 
The results of chromatography of carbohydrates on thin layers of silica gel in the presence of sodium mono- and dihydrogen phosphate are often better than those of paper chromatography (e.g. a good separation of complex mixtures, less sensitivity to inorganic impurities, and faster separation). 
 
The present method can be recommended for the study of the monosaccharide composition of oligo- and polysaccharides.
A numerical study on liquid ring motion and fragmentation for the initial process of liquid explosive dispersal
For the explosive dispersal on liquid fuel of FAE technique, the expansion of gaseous detonation products, axisymmetric radial extension and fragmentation of a liquid ring were analyzed, then corresponding models were established. By those models coupled, the numerical simulation on motion and fragmentation of the liquid ring exerted by strong action was carried out. The results computed show that the models established are feasible, and present study can offer initial conditions for the numerical simulation on the process of liquid secondary breakup and gas-liquid mixing.