Studies on the streaming transparency of red blood cell suspension. III. Factors controlling the streaming transparency of suspension.
Materials and methods are essentially the same as detailed in the foregoing paper (Nakamura et al., 1957 a and b), except for the following points. Erythrocytes suspension (0.4% o f cell concentration) : In the Exp. V the concentration of NaCl in media is varied between 0.1 and 1.0 mol gradually. Iodine crystal suspension: Thick alcohol solution of iodine crystal is poured into water stirring gently. Then minute needle-shaped crystals of iodine grow out in the liquid. Crystals of approximately the same dimension are gathered by means of decantation. The concentration of suspensoids is below 1%. Vessel: 36.7 cm of inner diameter. Scattered light measurement o f suspension : The light is received by the multiplyer through a tubelet 1 mm of diameter.
Studies on the streaming transparency of red blood cell suspension. I. Modified apparatus for measuring the streaming transparency of red blood cell suspension.
The change of the transparency of red blood cell suspension by flow was first studied quantitatively by Kuroda (1955; 1956). Performing analytical studies on it, he elucidated that the degree of streaming transparency (D.S.T.) of red blood cell suspension is in a good correlation with the morphological and optical characters of suspensoides. Recent theoretical and experimental advances have clearly demonstrated the potentialities of this method in the elucidation not only of various sorts of anaemiae but also of antigen antibody reaction. Deeply interested in it, we also have been engaged in the reformation of the apparatus with moderate success. The present paper deals with the description of mechanical arrangement of the apparatus.
Archaeology and mud wall decay in a West African village
Abstract A detailed study of the processes of deterioration of mud walls and of the physical evolution and devolution of a contemporary West African village is seen to facilitate the location of decayed mud structures at a nearby archaeological site. Various climatic and pedological conditions at the site make it unlikely that such walls will be discerned. The archaeologist wishing to obtain the fullest and least biased picture of the settlement configuration of the ancient community should therefore heed all the inferential lessons to be had from a focused ethnographic investigation. Given similar climatic situations and practices of house construction, taphonomy and ethnographic analogies may both be necessary for a valid reconstruction of an archaeological settlement.