Development of a single phase prepaid Electrical Energy Meter using 89S8252 microcontroller architecture
The Electricity Company implements the `Prepaid Electrical Energy Meter (PEM)' scheme among the electricity consumers to meet the objectives of: (i) collecting advance money and (ii) motivating the customers to make conservative use of electricity. The 2nd objective can be effectively achieved with an indoor type PEM fitted with 7-segment bright display unit. The meter designer aims, using appropriate hardware modules and software routines, to guide the PEM for cycling through the following steps: (i) deduct cost of every 0.01kwhr energy consumed, (ii) display balance, (iii) check balance, (iv) disconnect load at zero balance, (v) issue alarm signal to engage correct prepaid card, (vi) read the prepaid card, (vii) zeroing the prepaid card, (viii) update balance, (ix) save balance in nonvolatile EEPROM at power failure, and (x) retrieve balance from EEPROM at power resumption. This paper has described, based on extensive experiments on real hardware using AT89S8252-ADE7755-AT90S2313 chip set, the implementation methodology of a PEM with bright display unit. A prototype meter has been built, tested and found to work as per standard specifications.
Development of a Demand Response Program: A Case Study of Cairo, Egypt
This paper focuses on Demand Response (DR) and the implementation of DR programs in Egypt. Egypt suffers from high consumption in electrical energy due to the rapid growth of industrial buildings and new cities. This increase enforce the electrical network operator to control the load directly by repeatedly cutting off the electrical supply over different areas. A Direct Load Control (DLC) is simulated in this paper illustrating its pros and cons, also a Pay-Back Program (PBP) is proposed and compared with the implemented DLC program. A feasible solution is presented and the simulations are made using actual data from customers through wide survey collected in Cairo, Egypt.
Design and implementation of Bluetooth energy meter
Presently electronics energy measurement is continuously replacing existing technology of electro-mechanical meters especially in China and India. By the year 2004, digital meter has start replacing electromechanical meters in Singapore. A wireless digital energy meter would definitely offer greater convenience to the meter reading task. Bluetooth technology is chosen as a possible wireless solution to this issue. In this paper, we present the design and implementation issues of a Bluetooth-enabled energy meter. The energy reader can collect the energy consumption reading from the energy meter wirelessly based on Bluetooth. Two methods, which can retrieve the meter reading with little human intervention, are proposed and implemented in the targeted applications. They are AMR (automatic meter reading) and the APM (automatic polling mechanism). Few commercial applications are suggested to apply for the Bluetooth-enabled energy meter. We have successfully implemented the Bluetooth-enabled energy meter for these suggested commercial applications to demonstrate the advantage of reading the electricity consumption wirelessly via Bluetooth technology.