LC method for the analysis of Oxiconazole in pharmaceutical formulations.
A LC method has been developed for the quantitative determination of Oxiconazole (Ox) in bulk form, lotion and cream pharmaceutical formulations. The method validation yielded good results including the range, linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery, specificity, robustness, limit of quantitation and limit of detection. The LC separation was carried by reversed phase chromatography using a LiChrocart C(8) column (125 mm x 4.0 mm i.d., 5 microm particle size). The mobile phase was composed of methanol-0.02 M ammonium acetate buffer (85:15 v/v), pumped isocratically at flow rate 1 ml min(-1). The detection was carried out on UV detector at 254 nm. The calibration curve for Ox was linear from 40.0-140.0 microg ml(-1) range. The precision of this method, calculated as the relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) was 1.57% for lotion and 0.71% for cream. The R.S.D. values for intra- and inter-day precision studies were 0.57 and 1.34%, respectively. The recovery of the drug ranged between 98.84-102.2% (lotion) and 100.54-101.59% (cream). The stability indicating capability of the assays was proved using forced degradation. Chromatograms showed Ox well resolved from the degradation product.
Benzyl Alcohol Interference from Heparin Lock Flush Solutions in a High Pressure Liquid Chromatographic Procedure for Mezlocillin
Summary During the course of a pharmacokinetic study of the antibiotic mezlocillin, we observed an interfering peak in the high pressure liquid chromatographic analytical procedure that was identified as benzyl alcohol. The benzyl alcohol interferent was traced to a preservative in heparin and saline solutions used to flush heparin locks and indicated that the heparin lock purge volume was inadequate to clean the flushing solution. The present study uses this as a model to study the amount of dilution and contamination interference observed in a controlled study where the purge volume was varied for two “real situation” concentrations of benzyl alcohol in the flush solution. It was found that only 0.5 ml of purge must be drawn to avoid significant contamination interference if benzyl alcohol-free saline is used for dilutions. Contamination interference from benzyl alcohol can also be avoided by spectroscopic or chromatographic resolution if the interference is identified and the particular analyte in question can be resolved. The results of this study provide valuable information for any study in which heparin locks are used and especially in procedures where benzyl alcohol may interfere with the method of analysis. If saline containing benzyl alcohol is used for the dilution of heparin solutions, 1.0 ml of purge must be drawn.
Beyond zero tolerance : discrimination in military culture
Chapter 1 Introduction: Rethinking Military Culture Part 2 Constructing Military Culture Chapter 3 Discrimination and Military Cohesion: An Organizational Perspective Chapter 4 Military Folk Culture Chapter 5 Dressed to Kill? The Paradox of Women in Military Uniforms Chapter 6 A Tangled Webb the Navy Can't Afford Chapter 7 Women at the U.S. Army War College Part 8 The Military, Society, and Policy Chapter 9 Reflections of Society: The Intersection of Race and Gender in the U.S. Army in World War II Chapter 10 Intersectionality: A Necessary Consideration for Women of Color in the Military? Chapter 11 In War and Peace: Incidence and Implications of Rape by Military Personnel Chapter 12 Persistence of Sexual Harassment: The Impact of Military Culture on Policy Implementation Chapter 13 A Culture of Silence: Consequences of Don't Ask, Don't Tell, Don't Pursue Chapter 14 Gender and Sexual Orientation Diversity in Modern Military Forces: Cross-National Patterns Chapter 15 Military Culture and Military Families