Modeling and Simulation of the Active Jammer Effect in the Crossed Array Detectors Infrared Seeker
IR active jammers or the directed infrared counter measures(DIRCM)generate IR signals which attack the guidance signals passed to the sensors in IR-guided weapons. They provide IR signals with appropriate frequency, phase and intensity which will be superposed on those produced by the IR energy of the target passing through the reticle. When both the jamming signal and the modulated target energy signals are received by the missile‟s IR sensor, they cause the tracker to produce incorrect guidance commands and push the target out of the field of view (FOV). In this paper, the seeker signals of a crossed four slits or crossed array detectors (CAT) infrared seeker will be simulated. Then the active jammer signal is modeled and simulated. After that, the effect of all the active jammer parameters will be discussed and simulated. Finally, the conditions or the ranges of these parameters in which the active jammer can affect the seeking process will be stated.
Use of spatial light modulators in frequency modulation reticle trackers
Advances in spatial light modulator (SLM) technology have resuited in an active search for signal processing algorithms for use with SLMs in incoherent electro-optical systems. This paper presents an effective means of generating tracking algorithms for locating small targets with a single detector using FM reticle theory. A simple "barrel transformation" 
of a spinning FM reticle pattern to an SLM is shown to allow tracking systems to be constructed with solid state devices and avoids the need for moving parts. Also, SLMs allow the FM patterns to change over time, allowing adaptive interrogation of targets in a particular region of a system's field of view.
Same Same But Different - also in Europe! A New Methodological Approach in Cross-Country Analysis of Communication Structuresapplied to five EU member states
The EU still lacks a truly European public sphere. On this level, there is still a clear lack of integration between individual member states. This means that national public spheres and cultures are still of great importance for European communication and media professionals. Comparative research into the similarities and differences between different nations is therefore valuable for cross-border PR communication activities. This paper lays out the methodological foundation for such research, discussing possible approaches and difficulties associated with comparative research. The author then introduces a potential heuristic framework for comparative analysis: the International Corporate Communication Compass. This framework is applied to five case-study EU countries (Denmark, Germany, France, Poland and the UK), showing the differences and similarities in a range of different contexts that affect public communication in all its forms. The conclusion examines how the results of such studies could be used in order to compare communication identities of different countries. This can potentially help in the development of a European public identity on the long run and in a first step can led towards a better, more adapted communication structure about European citizenship. Ultimately, communication structures within the EU might become more Europeanized than they