OPTIMIZATION PARTICLE SEPARATION FOR BETTER WATER QUALITY IN TREATMENT
The goal of the flocculation, sedimentation, dissolved-air-flotation (DAF) processes are to change the particle size distribution to best suit the subsequent processes. Although several methods exist to evaluate each process, no single universally accepted method has yet to be developed. The purpose of this paper is to present experiences whereby particle counting was used in the diagnosis and optimization of each process. The evaluation is based on particle dynamics, i.e., the change of the number of small and large particles. Some design deficiencies and inappropriate operational conditions in each process have been identified from this method. The effects of changed design in each process have been evaluated by comparing the particle counts at the existing design with particle counts after modification. Because the diagnosis of design may be site-specific, the method presented in this paper will be beneficial in the evaluation of the treatment processes at other water treatment plants leading to low cost, low energy operation.
Integrated design and operation of water treatment facilities
Management of a Design Project. Preliminary Studies. Design of Basic Treatment Process Units. Subordinate Plant Facilities. Design of Plant Components. Elements of Detailed Designs. Specific Water Treatment Processes. Management of Procurement and Construction Phases. Operations and Maintenance Manual and Operator Training. Plant Startup and Follow-Up Services. Appendices. Index.
Computer-Aided System of Virtual Testing of Gas Turbine Engines
The article describes the concept of a virtual lab that includes subsystem of gas turbine engine simulation, subsystem of experiment planning, subsystem of measurement errors simulation, subsystem of simulator identification and others. The basis for virtual lab development is the computer-aided system of thermogasdynamic research and analysis “ASTRA”. The features of gas turbine engine transient modes simulator are described. The principal difference between the simulators of transient and stationary modes of gas turbine engines is that the energy balance of the compressor and turbine becomes not applicable. The computer-aided system of virtual gas turbine engine testing was created using the developed transient modes simulator. This system solves the tasks of operational (throttling, speed, climatic, altitude) characteristics calculation, analysis of transient dynamics and selection of optimal control laws. Besides, the system of virtual gas turbine engine testing is a clear demonstration of gas turbine engine working process and the regularities of engine elements collaboration. The interface of the system of virtual gas turbine engine testing is described in the article and some screenshots of the interface elements are provided. The developed system of virtual gas turbine engine testing provides means for reducing the laboriousness of gas turbine engines testing. Besides, the implementation of this system in the learning process allows the diversification of lab works and therefore improve the quality of training.