Samuel Putnam, cosmopolitismo y vanguardia española en Estados Unidos
This article explores the early reception of the Spanish avant-garde in the United States through the analysis of the work of the American literary critic Samuel Putnam (1888-1950), and frames his output as part of a new form of cosmopolitan criticism in fashion during the twenties. From his position as an expatriate in Paris, Putnam’s work as translator, reviewer, and editor made him a promoter and a publicist of the European avant-gardes, and he paid close attention to the writings of Alberti, Giménez Caballero and Jarnés. The article documents the vision that Putnam offered of the most innovative Spanish literature and explains how his critical position was modified when he returned to the States in the thirties and advocated greater involvement of writers in politics.
Ángel Flores, agente doble del cosmopolitismo transatlántico
Este ensayo estudia la primera fase de la trayectoria del traductor y crítico literario puertorriqueño Ángel Flores, desde sus inicios hasta la Segunda Guerra Mundial. En esos años, Flores lleva a cabo una intensa campaña de difusión en Estados Unidos de los nuevos valores de la literatura europea, y particularmente española, a través de traducciones, antologías, publicaciones periódicas y contactos con escritores españoles. A la vez, Flores se convierte en una pieza importante en la expansión de la literatura norteamericana en España gracias sobre todo a su traducción de The Waste Land de T.S. Eliot. Se señalan sus principales aportaciones y se estudia de qué manera las preferencias estéticas del crítico fueron modificándose dando un giro hacia la literatura comprometida que permite explicar su interés posterior por las letras latinoamericanas.
The Tsadik and His Soul’s Sparks: From Kabbalah to Hasidism
The present study shows the continuity between the Safedian Kabbalistic view of the relations between the sparks of a certain soul, and the Hasidic theory, that was conceived of as innovated by and characteristic of 18th century Hasidism, as to the responsibility of the Tsadik for the sparks that belongs to his soul. In the two literatures, the rescue of a spark of one's soul is related to the beautiful captive woman that is conceived of as an externalization of an inner dimension of the righteous person, immersed in a shell.