An Intersectional Exploration: The Experiences of Southern, Rural, Black and White Women Participating in an Empowerment-Based Entrepreneurial Program
Intersectionality is gaining ground as a desired way of deepening our understanding of persisting inequalities engendered by poverty. Combining an intersectional framework and the idea of strategic gender needs developed by Moser (1993), this study explores the experiences and perceptions of empowerment among rural black and white women in the southern U.S. and highlights the significance of intersectionality in exploring such issues. The findings reveal a diversity of experiences and perceptions of empowerment within the broader construction of womanhood. This paper raises the question about the shared identity of womanhood in rural southern communities. Such an understanding compels us to look closer at how oppressive ideologies become embedded within institutional structures and constrain our understanding of rural poverty. Additionally, this understanding calls us to investigate the capacity of anti-poverty and asset development efforts to work for different groups of women. Efforts such as these hold major implications for the social work profession and others who are challenged to understand and adequately address poverty in rural communities.
The politics of becoming bodies: Sex, gender and intersubjectivity in motion
Abstract This paper presents readers with one (research) story about (sexed and gendered) bodies not as objects with inherent boundaries and properties but as material-discursive phenomena. In telling such a story I examine the role that the screendance, Becoming Bodies , has played in knowledge production and argue for a less ontologically ‘old fashioned’ view of what counts as ‘evidence’. Throughout the paper I draw from a range of feminisms: biological, phenomenological, poststructural, psychoanalytical, and post humanist and performative scholarship of sex and gender. These discourses contest nature/nurture, male/female, body/mind dualisms, and take the political and ethical view that bodies are not neutral; that sex and gender, being a woman or a man are both socially and biologically constructed forms of identity (similar to class and race) that are acquired and learned through socio-cultural regimes of discipline and intersubjective bodily practices. Building on this dynamic and developmental bio-psycho-social view I discuss selected aspects of interview data: (1) the material-discursive tensions and contradictions of sexing and gendering bodies and (2) troubling the intersubjective implications of this for clinical practices.
Apoptosis induced in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion by infection of herpes simplex virus type 2 in the mouse
After inoculation of a highly neuro-invasive strain of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 (186) into the mouse hind-paw planter skin, many virus-positive neurons and glial cells were detected in the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and lumbar spinal cord by immunohistochemistry for HSV-2 antigen. A number of apoptotic cells were also observed in the spinal cord and DRGs by the terminal dUTP nick-end-labeling (TUNEL) method. Double labeling with the immunohistochemistry for HSV-2 and the TUNEL method revealed further that some glial and neuronal cells in the spinal cord, either infected or non-infected by HSV-2, showed apoptotic signs. In DRGs, however, apoptosis was detected in no neuronal cells, although some of HSV-2 -infected glial cells were apoptotic.