Non-Destructive Inspection of Concrete Structures Using an Acceleration Pickup
The present paper proposes a method for detecting cracks or honeycombs in concrete structures using an acceleration pickup. The sensor on the concrete surface observes the stationary waves which are generated inside the structures depending on the depth of the crack (if there is a crack) or the bottom of the structure (if there are no cracks or honeycombs). The method measures the depths of the reflection planes (such as cracks or honeycombs) accurately by modeling the sensor output as an output of a linear dynamic system with unknown parameters and by applying a maximum likelihood method. The method is shown to be quite effectively applied to measure the depths of cracks and honeycombs
Fabrication of the micro-gripper with a force sensor for manipulating a cell
A novel micro-gripper has been designed and fabricated to manipulate the small object like a cell. In order to gripping the cell, it should be no restriction to use the micro-gripper in the water. Since the mechanical type micro-gripper is little affected by a surrounding so as to use freely in any environment, compared with other type micro-grippers, it is suitable to treat the cell. In addition, it can reduce the deformation of the cell and control the gripping force flexibly. A point to be considered to manipulate the cell is the force working on the cell and the deformation of the cell according to the applied force. On the gripper a piezo-resistive sensor is integrated for sensing the gripping force. Using the fabricated micro-gripper, micro-glass beads can be successfully manipulated in the water. The resistor of the piezoresistive sensor is successfully changed according to the force on the micro-gripper. If on-going feedback experiment in the gripper system is finished successfully, the proposed micro-gripper can be utilized for manipulating the cell
Evaluation of Impact of Yarn Count and Stitch Length on Pilling, Abrasion, Shrinkage and Tightness Factor of 1 ? 1 Rib Cotton Knitted Fabrics
This study investigates the impact of yarn count and stitch length of 100% cotton knitted fabrics. 1 × 1 ribs structured fabrics were used in this research work. The stitch length 2.50 mm, 2.52 mm, 2.60 mm, 2.70 mm, 2.80 mm and 2.96 mm were used of the yarn count of 26Ne, 28Ne and 36Ne. The areal densities of the grey fabrics were in various amounts. The impacts of yarn count and stitch length were measured concerning pilling resistance, abrasion resistance, and shrinkage and tightness factor. The result showed that the fabric pilling grade decreased while number of cycle increased. Abrasion resistance decreased but length wise shrinkage increased despite the fact that the stitch length increased. The results also exposed that the tightness factor of the fabric increased with the increase of the stitch length in both dyeing and washing state and finished state compared to grey state for the yarn count 26Ne and homogeneous result not found for yarn count 28Ne and 36 Ne. Evaluation of Impact of Yarn Count and Stitch Length on Pilling, Abrasion, Shrinkage and Tightness Factor of 1 × 1 Rib Cotton Knitted Fabrics