Effect of order-disorder transition on magnetic properties of rapidly soldified high silicon-iron ribbons
The effect of ordering on the soft magnetic properties of 6.5% silicon-iron ribbons obtained by rapid solidification is studied. The atomic order cannot be prevented by the fast cooling. It is shown that isothermal aging at 700 degrees C induces a small decrease in coercive force and hysteresis losses, while aging at 500 degrees C induces an increase in these parameters. The magnetic evolutions are corroborated by Lorentz microscopy observations. The values obtained and the observations suggest a weak individual interaction, which may be due to local variation of exchange and anisotropy energy. >
Annealing of silicon-iron ribbons containing around 6.5 wt% silicon
The magnetic properties and the grain structure of 6.6Si.93.4Fe ribbons made by a rapid quenching roll method were measured after annealing the ribbons at about 1180°C for 60 minutes under pressures ranging from 5×10-1to 1.5×10-3Torr. By annealing the ribbon under the pressure of 3 × 10-1Torr the ribbon had highly oriented
SEASONAL AND REGIONAL MPG AS INFLUENCED BY ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AND TRAVEL PATTERNS
In-use fuel economy shortfall varies regionally and seasonally in response to changing environmental conditions and travel patterns. Shortfall changes by 25 percent or more are associated with variation in miles travelled per day by in-use vehicles. Monthly variations in northern states are twice those in the south; air conditioning penalties also vary by region. Although regional difference in annual levels are relatively small, shortfall can increase by 16 percent in densely populated urban areas. These variations have been quantified in an analysis of time-series mpg data and related to variables commonly reported in fuel economy surveys.