Window effect on wall penetration loss in mobile communications
In mobile communication scenarios, a window opening on a wall enhances the field strength inside the room, as compared to a whole wall. Scarce models in the literature address this topic, or objectively quantify this effect relating it to window dimensions - this is the objective of the present paper. Wall and window are treated as an antenna aperture with the appropriate field distribution, which re-radiates its near field into the room. Measurements on a scaled model of a wall with different window sizes show good agreement with simulations. Based on simulation results, a statistical model is constructed to enable fast quantification of the window effect through a "window gain" parameter.
The wireless friendly building
This paper concerns the wireless friendly building — an approach to building design where wireless system performance is considered as part of the design process. This is particularly important where multiple users of many different systems are likely to be in close proximity as in an office or similar environment. Such a building design can also include introducing measures such as frequency sensitive walls to improve performance. While a true wireless friendly building is still in embryonic stages, there have been recent advances in performance simulation which are reported together with potential further research directions.
Investigation into the sensitivity of the power predictions of a microcellular ray tracing propagation model
This paper investigates the sensitivity of the three-dimensional (3-D) ray tracing microcellular model presented in Astanasiadou et al. (1995, 2000). The variation of the received power is examined for different ray permutations, wall characteristics, antenna position offsets and database inaccuracies. Predictions of the different configurations in line-of-sight (LOS), non-LOS (NLOS), and deep shadow areas are compared with each other and also with narrowband measurements. The analysis illustrates that although the model produces reliable results with five orders of reflection and one order of diffraction, higher orders of reflection and double diffracted rays enhance the model's performance in deep shadow areas. It is also shown that good agreement with measured results can be obtained for wall conductivity in the order of 10/sup -3/ S/m and values of relative permittivity around five. The sensitivity analysis to the antenna positioning and database inaccuracies indicates that the receiver positions which suffer the highest power deviations are those at the boundaries of the LOS areas, as well as the positions in the deep shadow regions. In general, for antenna offsets up to 1 m, the predictions of the model are not significantly affected. Finally, the building databases with 1m maximum displacement do not have severe effects on the predictions, but databases with less accuracy can seriously degrade the performance of the model.