Freeze-dehydration for permanent mounts after aceto-orcein stain.
Fresh smears of mammalian material were stained 5 min (only) by La Cour's (1941) aceto-orcein method at 60°C, briefly rinsed and drained, and then dehydrated in a prechilled equal-parts mixture of absolute alcohol and anhydrous acetone held 2 hr or more at — 20°C or lower by means of dry ice. The preparations were differentiated 30 sec at room temperature in 95% alcohol containing 1% HCl, counterstained (optional) in a 0.01% solution of fast green FCF in absolute alcohol for 10 sec, passed through 2 changes of xylene and mounted in HSR or other synthetic resin.
A non-vacuum freezing-dehydrating technic for histology, autoradiography and microbial cytology.
A method for the freezing-dehydration of tissue and microbial cells is described which circumvents the need for high vacuum for the purpose of removing water from the cells by direct vaporization of ice. The present method utilizes the dissolution of ice from frozen tissue and cells by immersion in chemical dehydrating agents which remain liquid at low temperatures. Choice of the particular agent depends upon the desired result. Glycols are recommended if fixation is to be avoided, or water-soluble isotopes retained in the cells; alcohols or acetone are used if fixation is not undesirable. Specific applications of the method are given for use with tissues and with microbial cells. It has been demonstrated that radioactive phosphorus (P32) is not leached out of the tissues during the procedure.
Mite population density analysis of stored dried apricots in Turkey
The aim of this study was to determine the population density of mite species attacking stored dried apricots in Malatya, Elazig and Izmir regions of Turkey. Storage construction types and duration of storage were also considered. The samples were collected during 2000–2003 in the most important apricot producing areas (Malatya and Elazig) and the exporting center (Izmir). Frequency of occurrence and rates of intensity of infestations were determined (16.50% from Malatya, 3.19% from Elazig and 80.49% from Izmir). A total of 16 mite species belonging to 13 genera and 11 families were identified during the surveys. The pest species Carpoglyphus lactis (L.) (Astigmata: Carpoglyphidae) was the most abundant species recorded (69.14% of samples). The highest infestation value recorded was 15,534 mites per kg.