"A Pocket Sized Monitor of Dangerous Microwave Power Levels"
A miniature battery-operated microwave power monitor is described which operates across the threshold range of biologically dangerous power levels with approximately frequency-independent characteristics up to about 100GHz. CMOS circuitry causes an alarm signal to occur, or enables one to integrate the total microwave energy received over a given period on the basis of a thermal change of resistance in a thin Ge film due to microwave absorption.
Continuous monitor of dangerous levels of microwave power
High mortality rates have been observed when animals arc exposed for up to 100 min in r.f. radiation having frequencies greater than 10 MHz and power densities of the order of 100 mW/cm2. A safety level of 10 mW/cm2 for frequencies above 10 MHz and exposures of the order of 5 min has therefore been generally adopted. A continuously monitoring small-size instrument for dangerous maximum and average levels of microwave power is required, particularly if it can be carried in the pocket of a person in a similar manner as the well known X ray photographic monitor.
CAUSES OF FLUCTUATIONS IN R&D EXPENDITURES A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
Introduction 124 The stylised facts of R&D in OECD economies 124 The determinants of business R&D expenditures 127 Modelling R&D expenditures 130 Conclusion 135 Bibliography 137 Annex: The model 138