Steel tube - plate connected joint of large crossing transmission towers welding residual stress by numerical simulation
Steel tube - plate connected joint is commonly used in large crossing transmission steel tower , however, in the welding process produced transient thermal stress and residual stress largely, and the large force is eliminated difficultly, so the welding is the main factors affecting the joint, and it is needed to research and analysis. Through the use of large finite element software ANSYS and the thermal coupling analysis method, the indirect method is also used, the life and death of nodes element technique is combined, the temperature field and stress field are numerically simulated, and the residual stress and deformation are analyzed, the residual stress and deformation of the distribution are obtained, so the certain reference value is provided on the actual engineering of the steel tube - plate connected joint.
Residual stress measurements in a cruciform welded joint using hole drilling and strain gauges
Residual stress measurements were made close to the toe of each fillet weld on a load carrying cruciform welded specimen by the hole drilling technique. A standard milling guide with high speed air turbine was used in conjunction with bonded resistance strain gauge rosettes. Experimental calibrations of the method were conducted under known uniform uniaxial tension loads. 
 
 
 
A simple incremental drilling technique was used to determine the stress gradient with hole depth. Measurements were also made both at zero load and known tensile loads in order to study the interaction between residual stresses and the applied loads.
Mechanical behaviour and durability of high volume fly ash cementitious composites
The purpose of this research is to separate different morphological particles of ASTM class F fly ash, and study their effect on mechanical behaviour and durability of high volume cementitious mixtures. In this research wet separation of raw fly ash is carried out, which resulted in three layers of different morphological particles. The first layer of particles float, comprise of about 1-5% of fly ash, is identified as cenospheres or hollow spheres. The second layer of particles is measured to be 55-60% of raw fly ash and consisting of porous spherical and rounded particles rich in Si and Al. The third layer particles is measured to be about 35-40% of raw fly ash. High volume fly ash cementitious composites containing second or third layer particles are tested under compression and bending, highlighting a higher strength and ductility in comparison to cementitious ones containing raw fly ash particles. KEYWORDS. Cementitious matrix; Raw fly ash; Second layer particles; Third layer particles.