Temperature control and monitoring system for power transformer windings using fiber optic sensors
On-line monitoring of function and condition parameters and the efficiency of the cooling system are key elements in determining the working condition of transformers. This paper presents the implemented hardware and software solutions for carrying out the winding temperature on-line monitoring system using fiber optic sensors. The actual winding temperature is a measurand which defines the condition, load capacity and operating life of transformers. By carrying out the temperature control and monitoring system for power transformer windings using fiber optic sensors, ICMET Craiova aligned itself to the requirements of the international standards.
System for monitoring of hot spot temperature of power transformer windings using fiber optic sensors, Kalman Filter and SCADA integration
This article presents the implementation based on Lab VIEW of a monitoring system using fiber optic sensors for the measurement of hot spot temperature of the transformer windings, which employs a Kalman filter to reduce the measurement noise, and is integrated into a SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system. The system shows the online evolution of temperatures, automatically creates and prints reports, stores the acquired data as TDMS (Technical data Management Streaming) type files and in a MySQL Server type database. The developed monitoring system implements a unit to access and transmit real time data over the Intranet or Internet, using JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) for the communication between the integrated Web Server and the Web Browser, provides warning reports and sends an e-mail to default addresses. The monitoring of the acquired data, the system operation and SCADA integration of the system presented have been tested using both synthesized virtual signals and real signals.
Suppressed Light Emission of the Reaction Zone in Detonation
THE detonation of high explosives in water can be photographed with an open camera and a flash light as the explosive gases do not emit light. The method has been used1 to investigate the spread of shock waves and explosive gases, and to investigate the initiation by shock waves2. We have found that it can be used also in certain gases such as butane and propane. The method is not suitable, on the other hand, for explosives with two levels of detonation velocity in the case of low velocity. A great part of the reaction then occurs after the reaction zone has passed and the expanding explosive gases are very luminous even in water.