Properties of Fe-Zr-N Thin Films
Gases emerging from Fe-Zr-N films with various compositions during heating were analyzed by thermal desorption spectroscopy. The structures and magnetic properties of films were also investigated. H2, N2 and Ar were detected at 300-400°C, 500°C and 650°C, respectively. Larger amounts of N2 were emitted by films which contained larger amounts of N2. The changes in composition of films due to the emerging N2 is as follows. The composition changed for N/Zr ratios ranging from N/Zr≫1 to N/Zr~1, but was unchanged when N/Zr1. A (100) preferred orientation occurred in films in which the composition was N~Zr≫8 at% in the as-deposited state, while either a (100) orientation or random orientation occurred in all other cases. Under the former conditions, Fe-Zr-N films showed excellent soft magnetic properties and thermal stability up to 700°C.
Fe-X-N(X=Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta)薄膜の磁気特性
To obtain ultra fine grains of α-Fe sputtered films of Fe-X-N (X=Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta), ternary systems in which each element X had strong affinity for nitrogen and ability of amorphous formation were prepared and the dependence of soft magnetic properties on composition of films was investigated. Good soft magnetic properties and high saturation flux density Bs were obtained in each system. In particular, Fe-Zr-N and Fe-Hf-N systems had a widespread soft magnetic region and exhibited zero magnetostriction and high Bs up to 16 kG at a certain composition.
Drug Testing in Public Agencies: Are Personnel Directors Doing Things Right?
The results of a survey of 300 public agencies personnel directors are reported. The report describes the drug and alcohol testing policies and procedures now used by these respondents. The implications of the survey results are evaluated in terms of critical issues of personnel management practice and public policy: (1) the protection of employees' constitutional rights, (2) the public's right to an effective public service, and (3) management's need to reduce liability risks and to increase program effectiveness.