The Inforum Model of the Polish Economy
A demand-oriented model for Poland is developed. A number of special features are incorporated to reflect the realities of the Polish economy and to take advantage of some of the statistics which are available in Poland but not in Western Europe. These special features include disequilibrium indicators in the consumer demand equations, direct measurement of capital stocks and technological progress, allowance for hoarding of obsolete equipment, strong connections between input coeffcients and new investment, and the treatment of liquidity overhang. Results of simulations showed correctly in advance the effects of the 1990 austerity policy. Experiments indicate the best way to use foreign investment funds.
Proposals for the Linkage of CMEA-Country Models
1. FOREIGN TRADE STATISTICAL DATA FOR POLAND The INFO RUM-type model for the Polish economy covers 31 branches (see the Annex) of material production. This level of disaggregation was chosen mainly because of the comparability of the sectoral classification of balances for the 1970s. However, when considering the basic matrix of input-output coeffi­ cients and of conversion coefficients for a given year, a higher sectoral disaggre­ gation can be assumed (according to Systematic Specification of Products, SSP). In the input-output balances (the comparable period of 1971-82. excluding 1976,1978 and 1981) the data dealing with exports and imports at current domes­ tic prices are reported in a branch system that neglected commodity SITC or CTN cross-classification and a division into geographical regions. These data were the only source of information about exports and imports at current domes­ tic prices up to 1980. Other available data in this area were reported either in devisa zloty or at current foreign currency prices. This situation has changed significantly since 1981, when foreign trade statistics reporting in current domestic prices was introduced. For the purposes of construction of bridge matrices between domestic clas­ sification of branches (SSP) and CTN or SITC classification, two sources of data can be used - on the one hand, the data on the main exports/imports commodi­ tie~ and main country partners in a branch division, and on the other hand, the data on exports/imports in a geographical subdivision (socialist and non-socialist countries) and in an international commodity classification (CTN or SITC). Input-output data include information about exports and imports not only of commodities but of services as well. The above mentioned sets of branch data concern main commodity groups and main country partners only, so the bridge matrices can only be obtained as estimates. In this paper we present an attempt
Frank Must Marry Money: Men, Women, and Property in Trollope's Novels
There is a continuing debate about the extent to which women in the 19th century were involved in economic life. The paper uses a reading of a number of novels by the English author Anthony Trollop...