The seed oils of some species of the family Cruciferae
SummaryThe physicochemical properties of the oils of the seeds of seven plants of the family Cruciferae —Cakile maritima, Sisymbrium altissimum, Sisymbrium Loeselii, Descurainia Sophia, Erysimum cheiranthoides, Brassica amoracioides andCrambe pontica — have been studied and their fatty acid compositions have been determined. The results obtained showed no marked differences from those given in the literature.
Oil content and fatty acid composition of seeds of some Lithuanian wild crucifer species.
Oil content and fatty acid composition were investigated in the following wild crucifer species during 2008: Nineteen samples of fanweed (Thlaspi arvense L.), eight samples of flixweed (Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl), 17 samples of wallflower mustard (Erysimum cheiranthoides L.), one sample of sea rocket (Cakile baltica Jord. ex Pobed.) and two samples of garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata (M. Bieb.) Cavara et Grande). The greatest amount of oil was found in seeds of flixweed (32.2%) and wallflower mustard (30.6%). Seeds of garlic mustard contained the least amount of oil (15.8%). Fatty acids were dominated by unsaturated acids (oleic, linoleic and linolenic) in flixweed (71.4%), wallflower mustard (63.5%) and sea rocket (62.7%), by erucic acid in garlic mustard (49.3%) and fanweed (35.6%) seed oil. The seed oil of some investigated wild crucifer species could be suitable both for human consumption and industrial purposes.
Three new oilseeds rich incis-11-eicosenoic acid
Marshallia cacspitosa Nutt. seed oil (family Compositae) contains 44%cis-11-eicosenoic acid, and is the first oil from the Compositae found to contain a high proportion of C20-monoenoic acid. Seed oils ofAlyssum maritimum (L.) Lam. and ofSelenia grandis Martin (family Cruciferae) contain 42 and 58% of the same acid, respectively.The C20 acids from all three oils were obtained in nearly pure form by fractional distillation of the mixed methyl esters by means of a spinning band column. Permanganate-periodate oxidation of the purified methyl esters yielded predominantly nonanoic and undecanedioic acids.