Operation & Maintenance of Tailings Earth En Dam Specially For Disposal of Fly Ash from Thermal Power Stations
Several tailings earthen dams have failed during monsoon. Due to failure of tailings dam, stored tailings waste gets release in downstream area causing environmental hazard. Ash produced by combustion of coal in thermal power stations are stored in ash pond. No well-defined provision of operation and maintenance exists for ash pond. Therefore, this paper describes various issues related to operation and maintenance of ash pond.
DESIGN AND MAINTENANCE OF ASH POND FOR FLY
Thermal Power Plants using coal is chief source of energy in our country and it is likely to remain so in near future. The total production of fly ash per annum has already crossed 100 million tones and the disposal of the fly ash is causing several challenges. Utilization of fly ash has picked up but till the percentage utilization is far below satisfaction and power plants are no option but to dispose the fly ash in ash pond. No well defined design procedure or codal provision exist for the ash pond construction and maintenance. Fly ash being a waste product, power plants do not always pay much attention on maintenance of the ash pond. There are number of serious failures in ash pond which resulted in escape of ash slurry into the surrounding areas, including water bodies and created environmental hazard. This paper describes various issues related to the design and maintenance of ash pond.
THE CHALLENGES IN IDENTIFICATION OF ARTISTS-MANAGERS: CONSEQUENCES FOR CREATIVITY
Research on identity, its tensions and paradoxes have extensive literature and a large number of scientists exploring the subject. Our own experiences in the fields of art and management were the main arguments for the introduce of the concept of “artists-managers” and to undertake research in the area of artists-managers’ identity to find the conclusions for creativity. This article aims to describe the challenges in the identification of artists-managers, who can be crucial in understanding the creativity factor. To reach our goal, we run empirical qualitative research based on in-depth interviews with key-informants from Europe, Africa and North America as well as auto-analysis of an artist-manager identity. We answer the research question “Who is the artist-manager?”. We present our “creativity development model” on the base of artists-managers’ characteristics and we describe what kind of challenges should be considered in the empirical research of artists-managers. These challenges may be used as guidelines for artists-managers: for those who discover an artist-manager in their personality, for defined artists-managers to help to better understand their features, and for artists-managers’ followers to be more sensitive for their leaders’ characteristics. Our model may help to understand and develop the creativity of society.