The Substantive Universals in the Relationship betweenLanguage Ideology and Language Education
While we need to problematize the notions of development and sustainable 
development, we are also faced by a particular challenge related to language: what models of 
language in the world are we using to understand the role of language education in development? I 
shall discuss a range of possible understandings of English in the world in order to see how they 
relate to questions of development
Ethnic and Language Identity Among a Select Group of Vietnamese-Americans in Portland Oregon
An abstract of the thesis of Jay Owen Peterson for the Master of Arts in TESOL presented June 4, 1997. Title: Ethnic and Language Identity Among a Select Group of Vietnamese-Americans in Portland Oregon Vietnamese immigrants within the United States have demonstrated a strong desire to retain their ethnocultural identity. They have also experienced tremendous pressure to use English. What are the implications of these two trends for identity and language choice within the Vietnamese-American community? The presented research used multidimensional scaling (MDS) methods to describe the subjects' ethnic and language identities. The population for the study consisted of adult Vietnamese-Americans who were born in Vietnam and were currently living in the US. The study had two stages. First, identity labels were generated using a modified Twenty Statements Test. A "Myself' label was added to the list, and the labels were printed on cards in both Vietnamese and English. The labels were sorted by the subjects on the basis of perceived similarity. In addition, subjects chose five cards which were most important for each of the following domains: parents, siblings, friends, school, and work.
Nonprofit Communication and Fundraising in China: Exploring the Theory of Situational Support in an International Context
Using a survey of 586 college students from Beijing, China, this study tested the theory of situational support by exploring Chinese students’ motivations to participate in nonprofit fundraising events. This study also compared theory variables between Chinese and U.S. college students by looking at similar data from a survey previously conducted with 514 U.S. students. There were differences between the two groups regarding constraint recognition, subjective norms, attitudes toward fundraising, and other variables, perhaps because of Confucianism, collectivism, and other differences between China and the United States. The findings generate a range of theoretical and practical implications including how nonprofit practitioners in China might develop better communication and messaging strategies to segment publics, motivate potential donors, and advance future fundraising efforts.