Pepper - chemistry, technology, and quality evaluation.
Pepper is the most important of the spices, with a long history. This article critically reviews our knowledge of the chemistry, processing, and quality evaluation of the product, with emphasis on the constituents contributing to the sensory properties of the spice for which it is valued in food. Other areas briefly summarized include its history, horticultural aspects, production and trade data, and physiological effects. Allied spices and aromatic members of the same family are also considered briefly.
The aroma of bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.). : 2. Evaluation of the press juice by sensory methods and by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry
The aroma of bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.). : 2. Evaluation of the press juice by sensory methods and by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry
Synergistic Effect of High Temperature and High pH on the Destruction of Salmonella enteritidis and Escherichia co1i O157:H7.
This study was undertaken to determine if high temperature and high pH interact synergistically to enhance the rate of destruction of two important gram-negative foodborne pathogens, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enteritidis . The rates of destruction in NaHCO3-NaOH buffers at pH 7.0, 10.0, and 11.0 were determined at 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, and 65°C. Use of an improved heating protocol eliminated a "tailing effect" at longer exposure times. The present study demonstrated that the combination of high pH and high temperature resulted in a highly significant synergistic interaction (P > F = 0.0001), which caused rapid death of both E. coli O157:H7 and S. enteritidis . This "alka-therm" technology might be used commercially to destroy gram-negative foodborne pathogens on various raw agricultural commodities.