Milk quotas and the changing pattern of dairying in France
Abstract Quotas were introduced in 1984 as a means of controlling output and expenditure in the EEC dairy sector. Far from fossilising production patterns as was originally feared, the implementation of quotas in France was taken as an opportunity for restructuring the industry, particularly through the use of an outgoers payment. The extent and spatial pattern of this restructuring has, however, been severely constrained by social objectives concerned with maintaining production in certain fragile rural areas. In line with more general attempts to decrease support for agriculture within the EEC, the French government is now proposing that future restructuring must be the financial responsibility of the dairy profession and regional authorities.
An exploration of the determinants of the Irish dairy sector’s performance over the next ten years in the post milk quota era
The removal of the EU milk quotas on April 1, 2015 after more than 30 years since their establishment is viewed as a significant growth opportunity for Ireland and the EU overall. 
 
The primary reason for deciding to end milk quotas is due to the considerable increase in consumption of dairy products in recent years, especially on the world market. With this trend projected to continue into the future, the previous quota regime is viewed as a measure that prevented Irish producers from responding to growing world demand. 
 
The objective of this thesis is to develop a ten year forecast for Ireland in a post EU milk quota era. The central question that this dissertation leads from is establishing the impact that the abolishment of EU milk quotas is having on the current milk price in Ireland. From there, a short to medium assessment of how Irish dairy production is likely to evolve in the next one to four years is projected, followed by a forecast of Irelands long-term prospects up to and including 2025. The target markets of Irish dairy produce are then 
assessed including Ireland’s production strategy. 
 
Finally, an in-depth assessment of how farming structures will change as a result of EU milk quota removal is then forecasted.
Investigations on the rôle of organic matter in plant nutrition
1. As the result of decomposition of green manure in a swamp soil, the coarse fractions (including coarse and fine sand) of the surface layer (first 3 inches) decreased by 11·2 per cent. while the fine ones (silt+clay) increased by 9·8 per cent. in the course of 43 days. The effect was less pronounced in the manured soil maintained at 60 per cent. saturation, while no alteration was to be noticed in the case of the unmanured specimens. 2. Treatment with dilute hydrochloric acid prior to dispersion had no appreciable effect on the estimates of mechanical composition obtained in the different cases. Loss in solution was also comparatively small. 3. The silica-sesquioxide ratio increased slightly as the result of decomposition of green manure in swamp soil. The composition of the fine fractions was also altered, the total percentages of the oxides of iron, aluminium and silicon increasing from 90·5 to 99·3 in the course of 71 days. 4. The practical significance of the above and related observations has been discussed.