Nitrogen-doped coatings on carbon nanotubes and their stabilizing effect on supported Pt nanoparticles
For the preparation of the coating the CNTs were dispersed in a 30 wt% solution of 3MBP-dca in deionised water by sonication. The resulting black slurry was filtered by vacuum filtration and the black residue in the filter was washed with 50 mL of ethanol to remove excess IL. The residue was subsequently placed in ceramic crucible and thermally treated in a furnace under constant argon flow to 1000 °C applying a heating rate of 100 K h -1 . After 1 h at 1000 °C the sample was allowed to cool down to room temperature and subsequently pestled for further use.
Summary of ISO/TC 201 Standard: VII ISO 15472 : 2001—surface chemical analysis—x‐ray photoelectron spectrometers—calibration of energy scales
This international standard specifies a method for calibrating the binding energy scales of x‐ray photoelectron spectrometers, for general analytical purposes, using unmonochromated Al or Mg x‐rays or monochromated Al x‐rays. It is only applicable to instruments that have an ion gun for sputter cleaning. This international standard further specifies a method to establish a calibration schedule, to test for the binding energy scale linearity at one intermediate energy, to confirm the uncertainty of the scale calibration at one low and one high binding energy value, to correct for small drifts of that scale and to define the expanded uncertainty of the calibration of the binding energy scale for a confidence level of 95%. This uncertainty includes contributions for behaviour observed in inter‐laboratory studies but does not cover all of the defects that could occur. This international standard is not applicable to instruments with binding energy scale errors that are significantly non‐linear with energy, to instruments operated in the constant retardation ratio mode at retardation ratios of <10, to instruments with a spectrometer resolution worse than 1.5 eV or to instruments requiring tolerance limits of ±0.03 eV or less. This international standard does not provide a full calibration check, which would confirm the energy measured at each addressable point on the energy scale and would have to be performed in accordance with the manufacturer's recommended procedures. © Crown Copyright 2001. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Self-responsibility in health care/promotion: motivational factors.
This paper explores motivational factors at play in self-responsibility in health care and promotion. If people do not take responsibility for their health status, is it because they can not or will not? "Can" refers to the ability or skill to do something, while "will" refers to intention and effort. Each of these factors are analyzed in terms of their role as a cause of behavior in self-responsibility for the health status. Educational intervention to motivate self-responsibility is suggested as well as empirical research in how people attribute health outcomes.