Near-infrared diode laser spectroscopy of free radicals.
Spectroscopic results on the radicals HCSi, CCO, and FeC obtained by studying in detail energy level structures using 0.8 microm diode laser system are reported. Of these radicals, the CCO radical was investigated mainly using Fabry-Perot type diode lasers with inconvenient mode gaps in the early stage of our near-infrared diode laser spectroscopic study of free radicals, and on the other hand, the FeC and HCSi radicals were studied using an external cavity diode laser. For the FeC radical, which is an interesting radical composed of an iron atom having 3d electrons, information on spin-orbit interaction between the triplet electronic ground state and a low-lying singlet electronic excited state is reported somewhat in detail. For the HCSi and CCO radicals, spectral particularities produced by a Renner-Teller interaction and a spin-orbit interaction are described for their high-resolution spectroscopic interest.
Near-infrared band of the nitrate radical NO3 observed by diode laser spectroscopy
We have analyzed the near-infrared band of NO3 observed at 7602 cm−1 by using diode laser spectroscopy. Most of the spectral lines were recorded using source-frequency modulation. Zeeman modulation was found useful in selectively detecting some Q branch lines, which provided us with a clue to the assignment of the observed spectra. The band satisfied selection rules for a parallel band and was thus ascribed to a 2A1″–2A2′ vibronic component associated with the 2E′′–X 2A2′ electronic transition, namely, to a transition from the ground vibronic state to the A1″ vibronic state resulting from excitation of the degenerate in-plane bending mode in the 2E′′ electronically excited state manifold. The band was almost free of perturbations, except for some K=6 lines. The least-squares analysis of 581 assigned lines led to molecular parameters of the upper state, where ground-state parameters were fixed to those obtained from the infrared study previously reported [K. Kawaguchi, E. Hirota, T. Ishiwata, and I. Tanak...
Die wisselwerking tussen ekonomiese en konstitusionele hervormings in Suid‐Afrika
Abstract This article deals with the interplay between economic and constitutional reforms in South Africa. Historical and contemporary forces which obtain in these spheres are taken into consideration after which a number of conclusions are drawn.