Index matched fluidic packaging of high power UV LED clusters on aluminum substrates for improved optical output power
We present an improved cooling for a high power density UV LED module for a wavelength of 395 nm. The module consists of 98 LED chips soldered on a thick film printed alumina substrate on an area of 2.11 cm2. We investigated cooling by a commercial water cooler as well as by a surface micro cooler developed by our own. Further we describe a technology to replace alumina by aluminum as substrate material. A module consisting of 25 UV LEDs was optically characterized without and with liquid encapsulation. Finally we conducted numerical studies to develop an easily producible, sufficiently powerful, and robust water cooler. Based on the results we present a water cooler design with cooling channels embedded in the aluminum substrate of an LED module, removing the interface between LED substrate and heat sink.
Thermal improvements for high power UV LED clusters
We present a high power density UV LED module for a wavelength of 395 nm with an optical power density of 27.3 W/cm2. The module consists of 98 densely packed LED chips soldered onto an Al2O3 ceramic board. Thermal and optical measurements were conducted. The module was cooled by a forced air heat sink for the characterization experiments. A room temperature liquid gallium alloy was used as thermal interface material between substrate and heat sink with a TiN barrier layer to prevent corrosion. Further a technology to replace Al2O3 ceramics by aluminum as substrate is presented. An initial characterization shows that aluminum with a dielectric layer for electrical insulation is a competitive substrate material for efficient heat removal.
The administration of the courts
Section 28 of Article VI of the State Constitution provides that the Chief Judge of the Court of Appeals is the Chief Judge of the State and its chief judicial officer. The Chief Judge appoints a Chief Administrator of the Courts (or Chief Administrative Judge of the Courts if the appointee is a judge) with the advice and consent of the Administrative Board of the Courts. The Administrative Board consists of the Chief Judge as chair and the Presiding Justices of the four Appellate Divisions of the Supreme Court. The Chief Judge establishes statewide administrative standards and policies after consultation with the Administrative Board and approval by the Court of Appeals.