Integrating the power sector in India: Reflections and suggestions
Abstract The historical development of the power generation industry in India shows a steady trend towards complete integration: ‘… The aim is to connect all the power-regions by the end of the Seventh Plan. The desirability of having a single organization to own and to operate the essential elements of the national grid needs to be urgently considered …’ ([4], p 335). This paper seeks to verify the actual desirability of integration, through economic as well as technical aspects; and to emphasize the deviations induced by a strengthened concentration and suggest corrective directions to a second-best equilibrium.
Dual v uniform prices — an application
Abstract The economic literature on non-linear pricing schemes mainly considers the case where average price decreases with quantity — indeed this pricing strategy is often referred to, especially by firms displaying non-convex production sets. However, such a price schedule seems inadequate to cope with the ‘endowments’ of most developing countries, viz severe income inequalities and binding capacity constraints. Thus, we design here an increasing-blocks tariff and show, as an illustration, how it can improve the distribution pattern of low-voltage electricity in India without depressing the producer's profit. Shadow income transfers automatically flow within the sector, without requiring the heavy informational and operational background necessary for lump-sum transfers, as advocated by second-best theory.
A preliminary account of a new tyrannosauroid theropod from the Wessex Formation (Early Cretaceous) of southern England
Abstract A new genus and species of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur from the Wessex Formation (Early Cretaceous, Barremian) of the Isle of Wight, England, is described and named. Distinctive characters of the premaxilla, its dentition, maxilla and nasals allow it to be diagnosed. The teeth in the premaxilla are D-shaped in cross-section and the nasals are fused. The hands are elongate and slender and the hindlimbs are gracile. Lack of element fusion elsewhere in the skeleton suggests that it is a subadult. Numerous character states are shared with tyrannosaurids but the new taxon appears to be excluded from the group that comprises aublysodontine and tyrannosaurine tyrannosaurids. We conclude that the taxon is a basal tyrannosauroid and as such it is one of the earliest and (with the exception of some teeth and an isolated ilium from Portugal) the first from Europe. Implications for tyrannosauroid biogeography and evolution are discussed. The animal was part of an unusual taphonomic assemblage in which some elements were partially articulated while others were scattered or broken.