Study on space charge effect in an electrostatic ion analyzer applied to measure laser produced ions.
The abundance of different ions produced by laser ion sources is usually analyzed by an electrostatic ion analyzer (EIA). Ion current intensities in the range of several mA/cm(2) at the position of the EIA have been achieved from the laser ion source developed by the Institute of Modern Physics; this indicates that a noticeable influence of space charge effect during the ion transmission will occur. Hence, while the parameters of the EIA or the beams are changed, such as ion species, current intensity, the ions' transmission efficiency through the EIA is different, which will result in an uncertainty in the estimation of the ions' yields. Special attention is focused on this issue in this paper. Ion's transmissions through the EIA under different circumstances are studied with simulations and experiments, the results of which are consistent with each other.
Corpuscular diagnostics and processing methods applied in investigations of laser-produced plasma as a source of highly ionized ions
This paper presents a set of complementary corpuscular diagnostics applied in experiments for investigation of laser-produced plasma as a source of ions. The measuring possibilities and methods for processing experimental data of a cylindrical electrostatic ion energy analyzer, a Thomson parabola ion analyzer, various types of electrostatic probes, a detector of neutral atom fluxes, as well as methods for visualization of ion emission areas are discussed. Special attention was focused on the ion-induced secondary electron emission problem and its influence on the accuracy of the measurements.
Actuating Principle of Online Automatic Balancer with Counter Weight Driven by Magnetic Force
Kinematic precept of mass block in automatic balancer is proposed following the principle of online automatic dynamic balancing.By combination of electromagnet and permanent magnet,the magnetic circuit of the balancer with ring coil and rare earth permanent magnet is designed.Actuating process of the balancer is discussed and then a step drive voltage waveform is defined.For the high-speed grinding motorized spindle 170MD12Y16,the mechanical structure and dimensions of the balancer are schemed out.The electromagnetic simulations for the designed balancer are conducted and the better coil ampere-turns and reluctance adjusting ring thickness are then determined.The validity of simulation results is verified by a balancer driving experiment and the desired voltage value and its duration time are also determined.the designed balancer has a stable operation process without out-of-step and fluctuation around balanced position when the ampere-turns are considered as 1 kA,the reluctance adjusting ring thickness 0.2 mm,the driving voltage 12.4 V and the voltage duration time 120 ms.