Optimal Height Of Land Development – An Economic Perspective
Abstract Sky-scrapers are rising in the panorama of big modern cities more and more often, becoming a symbol of dynamic growth and prestige. High-rise development appears to be an answer to the expanding demand for new residential and commercial space as urban land prices continue to go up and the availability of land decreases. This article aims to identify factors affecting the choice of optimal building height in the context of economic effectiveness. It also presents factors that determine the implementation of high-rise development projects. Given the complexity of this subject matter, emphasis is placed on its economic dimension.
Determining Optimal Building Height
The paper examines how building height is determined in the absence of building height regulatory restrictions. A model is developed for determining optimal height using simple neo-classical economic analysis; this is then tested using empirical data from Hong Kong. The results show that the observed building heights are consistent with the optimal height predicted by the model. In addition, it was also found that the point of optimality varied positively with the quality of the external environment. An important practical implication is that town planners and policy-makers can make use of the model as a benchmarking tool to assess and quantify the effect of imposing or relaxing height restrictions.
Rotating dialysis cell as in vitro release method for oily parenteral depot solutions.
The purpose of the study was to investigate an in vitro release method based on a rotating dialysis cell for parenteral oil depot formulations using different model conditions and test formulations. The total amount of drug released from the rotating dialysis cell was in accordance with the theoretical values calculated from the partition coefficients. The release rates were shown to depend on the total amount of drug available for the release process and to follow first order kinetics. The rotating dialysis cell has a potential as in vitro release method for characterization of oily depot formulations for parenteral administration.