Status Analysis and Trend Prediction for the Labor Costs of Chinese Construction Industry
Chinese huge low-cost labor force provided motive power for the development of construction industry in the past decades. However, Chinese labor costs soar quickly in recent years, which bring pressures to construction enterprises. In order to analyze the problems of rising labor costs of Chinese construction industry in depth, a questionnaire survey is conducted among construction workers and project managers. According to the result of the investigation and statistical data, the rising actuality and influence factors of labor costs in Chinese construction industry are analyzed comprehensively. Then the medium and long term prediction of labor cost is carried out by using GM (1, 1) grey model. The results show that the average pay of Chinese construction workers rose quickly over the past 5 years. Changes of supply–demand relation of labor force, soaring prices and the rapid economic development, and other aspects are the reasons causing the labor costs increase. The average daily pay of Chinese construction workers will keep rising in coming years, and will achieve 337 RMB yuan by 2020. The research results present valuable reference basis for construction enterprises to grasp the development trend of labor costs and takes steps to address the labor cost pressures.
Empirical Analysis on Contribution Rate of Human Capital in China's Construction Industry Based on DEA
In order to clarify the positive contributions of human capital to China's construction industry,this paper use the equivalent LP model of C~2R DEA.First,we processe related data by linear transformation,then use the input/output statistic data from 1995 to 2007,we measure the relative contribute rate of effective factors to China's construction industry in 2006 and 2007.We concluded that along with the intention of competition and transformation of economy development,human capital has become the first important factor in the economic development of China's construction industry.
Effects of Delay Times on Production Rates in Construction
Factors that can be fairly easily identified and modified and can lead to significant improvements in production rates for activities in construction are considered in this paper. These factors are divided into four work categories. Two of the four work categories in which each construction activity was subdivided were idle and waiting times. Productivity measurements generally do not distinguish between the idle and waiting times. Conclusions can therefore be misleading, and more importantly, the attention to management is only vaguely and imprecisely directed to the cause of the inefficiencies. The breakdown of nonproductive time into two factors is therefore very important in directing the attention of management to the root causes of inefficient time. The variation in production rates used by contractors’ estimators are given and compared with actual on-site production rates. The frequency of different sources of information used by contractors when estimating production rates, and the percentage use of production monitoring methods, are also given. A prototype expert system, using the Personal Consultant Plus shell program of 1987, was developed to assist in the acquisition and management of knowledge and data for the estimation of production rates.