A new steroidal glycoside from the seeds of Hyoscyamus niger
A new steroidal glycoside hyoscyamoside G (1), together with two known analogues hyoscyamoside E (2) and hyoscyamoside F1 (3), was isolated from the seeds of Hyoscyamus niger. The structure of 1 was established as (22R,24Z)-1α,3β,7β,22,26-pentakishydroxylergost-22-O-β-d-gulcopyranosyl-5,24-diene-26-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, by means of chemical and spectroscopic methods including HRESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR. In vitro, compound 2 showed cytotoxicity against human lung cancer cell H460 with IC50 value of 66 μg/mL.
Six new withanolide-type steroids from the leaves of Solanum cilistum.
Six new withanolide-type steroids, designated cilistols v, t, i, j, y and w (1-6, respectively), were obtained from the leaves of Solanum cilistum. Their respective structures were characterized by spectroscopic means as follows: Cilistol v (1) was (22R,24Z)-1alpha,3beta,22,26-tetrahydroxyergost-5,24-diene 26-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, which is regarded as the precursor of other withanolide-type steroids included in this title plant. Cilistol t (2) was (22R,24S,25R,26S)-24,25;22,26-diepoxy-1alpha,3beta,26-trihydroxyergost-5-ene 26-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and cilistols j (3) and i (4) corresponded to the substances probably formed by the cleavage of the epoxy ring at C-24 and 25 of 2. Cilistol y (5) was 3-O-sulphonyl (22R,24S,25R,26R)-1-oxo-24,25; 22,26-diepoxy-3beta,17alpha,26-trihydroxyergost-5-ene 26-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and cilistol w (6) corresponded to the substance obtained by the fission of the epoxy ring at C-24 and 25 of 5. The occurrence of these withanolide type steroids from Solanum genera is rare and worthy of note.
Comparative odor control performance of activated carbon and permanganated alumina
Abstract Activated carbon and permanganated alumina were compared with regard to their effectiveness in reducing the odor levels of air streams containing olefin. ester, aldehyde, ketone, amine, sulfide, mercaptan, decomposed crustacean shell vapor, or state tobacco vapor. In all cases, the odor-reducing effect of the activated carbon was much faster than that of the permanganated alumina. For the odors of stale tobacco and decomposed crustacean shells, the permanganated alumina, after it was reduced to MnO2, gave evidence of prolonged partial odor reduction, probably by serving as a catalyst for oxidation by air.