Difatty acyl urea from corn oil: synthesis and characterization.
In this study, difatty acyl urea has been successfully synthesized from corn oil using sodium ethoxide as a catalyst. Ethyl fatty ester and glycerol were produced as by-products. In this reaction, corn oil was refluxed with urea in ethanol. The highest conversion percentage (78%) was obtained when the process was carried out for 8 hours using urea to corn oil ratio of 5.6: 1.0 at 78 degrees C. Both difatty acyl urea and ethyl fatty ester have been characterized using elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique.
Synthesis and characterization of N,N'-carbonyl difatty amides from palm oil.
N,N'-Carbonyl difatty amides (CDFAs) have been synthesized from palm oil using sodium ethoxide as catalyst. Ethyl fatty esters (EFEs) were produced as a by-product as well as glycerol. The synthesis was carried out by reflux palm oil and urea in presence of ethanol. In this process, palm oil gave 79% pure CDFAs after 8 hours and molar ratio of urea to palm oil was 6.2: 1 at 78 degrees C. Both CDFAs and EFEs have been characterized using elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique.
Disodium 2-sulfohexadecyl and 2-sulfoöctadecyl sulfates
Disodium 2-sulfoalkyl sulfates RCH (SO3Na) CH2OSO3Na were prepared from esters ofa-sulfo acids by metal borohydride reduction of the ester group to a primary alcohol, and subsequent sulfation. Disodium 2-sulfoöctadecyl sulfate resembles disodium 2-sulfoethyla-sulfostearate in general structure and properties, particularly in the fact that both are excellent lime soap dispersing agents.