The role of logistics in sustainable development of agricultural enterprises
. The analysis of logistics costs in agricultural enterprises in process aspect was carried out in the paper. The aim of the research was to identify those process activities, in which the optimization of logistics costs can influence the realization of strategic aims of sustainable development. As a result of the research, some indexes of logistics costs for agricultural enterprises were estimated. Also, the differences among the costs, depending on the area shape and used technologies, were shown in the paper.
Swedish experiments on the persistence of subsoil compaction caused by vehicles with high axle load
Abstract Final results from nine Swedish field experiments on soil and crop response to traffic by vehicles with an axle load of 10 Mg are reported. The traffic significantly compacted the soils to a depth of 50–60 cm. Eleven years later, virtually no alleviation of the compaction effects in the subsoil was observed, and crop yields were still affected in spite of normal annual freezing to a depth of 40–70 cm.
Western versus asian types of multiple sclerosis: Immunogenetically and clinically distinct disorders
The polymorphism of HLA‐DRBI, ‐DRB3, and ‐DRB5 genes as well as magnetic resonance images of the brain and spinal cord were studied in 57 Japanese patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Twenty‐three patients clinically displayed selective involvement of the optic nerve and spinal cord and were classified as having Asian‐type MS. Patients with Asian‐type MS had fewer brain lesions shown gy magnetic resonance imaging, but more gadolinium‐enhanced spinal cord lesions than did patients with Western‐type MS (47% vs 17%). Fruthermore, the DR2‐associated DRBI1501 allele and DRB50101 allele were associated with Western‐type MS (41.2%), but not with either Asian‐type MS (0%) or healthy control subjects (14.2%). Heterogeneity inthe immunogenetic background and in the magnetic resonance imaging features between the two subtypes of MS thus suggests the presence of two etiologically distinct diseases in Asians.