Evaluation of innovative low-volatile organic compound (VOC) industrial maintenance (IM) coatings. Report for April-September 1994
The paper discusses a field evaluation of the feasibility of using alternative low-volatile organic compound (VOC) coatings to replace higher-VOC coatings. The evaluation includes chemical, performance, and outdoor exposure testing. The feasibility of five alternative coatings for reducing pollution is considered. The coatings are compared to a standard coating that is being used in practice. Although outdoor exposure testing is not yet complete, available results indicate that all of the coatings have characteristics that could make them viable alternatives. For VOC emissions reduction, coating 4 (a two-component polysiloxane epoxy) was the best.
Pollution prevention methods in the surface coating industry
Abstract The surface coating industry is rapidly changing to meet environmental and economic pressures. Some of the changes include new formulations which meet environmental regulations, higher performance finishes with improved properties, continued development of solventless technologies such as powder coatings and radiation curable coatings, and new application methods with improved transfer efficiencies. These changes will be accelerated by the 1990 amendments to the U.S. Clean Air Act. These new enviromnental laws will require industry through the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and state and local agencies to further reduce emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which are contributors to ozone formation in the lower atmosphere. The focus of this paper will be to examine the paints and coatings industry and those pollution prevention methods that are being applied to meet these environmental pressures. It will review the life cycle of paints and coatings; from its inception in the manufacturing facility to its ultimate application and disposal. It will also review developing low VOC technologies that are being considered worldwide to comply with increasing VOC regulations.
SR topography of plastically deformed Fe-Si bicrystals - observation in situ and post mortem
SR reflection topography was applied to study the interaction of slip dislocations with the grain boundaries in Fe-4at%Si bicrystals deformed by compression. Three experimental settings with either a white or monochromatic beam were used and the corresponding orientation contrast analysed. Dislocation transmission through the grain boundary was observed in bicrystals with favourable geometry of the slip systems.