Other Types of Attacks
This chapter describes the conditions under which LeT carries out terrorist attacks on holidays as well as attempted (but unsuccessful) attacks. The chapter discusses several TP-rules about these types of terror attacks that were derived automatically from the LeT data set used in this book.
Dealing with Lashkar-e-Taiba: A Multi-player Game-Theoretic Perspective
Lashkar-e-Taiba (LET) is one of the deadliest terrorist groups in the world. With over 100 attacks worldwide since 2004, LET has become a political force within Pakistan, a proxy fighting force for the Pakistani Army, and a terror group that can carry out complex, coordinated attacks such as the 2008 Mumbai attacks. In this paper, we develop a game-theoretic analysis of how to deal with LET using a 5-player game whose players include LET, India, the Pakistani military, the (civilian) Pakistani government, and the US. We use an expert on LET and Pakistan to develop a payoff matrix and compute pure and mixed Nash equilibria (NE) in this payoff matrix. We study several of these NEs in detail. Our analysis shows that: (i) there are 6 pure NEs in which LET eliminates its armed wing, (ii) increasing external financial/military support for Pakistan leads to no NEs where LET reduces violence, (iii) almost all NEs in which LET significantly reduces violence involve coordinated actions by both the US and India.
Prospects for Peace in South Asia
Contents 1. Introduction Rafiq Dossani and Henry S. Rowen Pakistan: Politics and Kashmir 2. Islamic Extremism and Regional Conflict in South Asia Vali Nasr 3. Constitutional and Political Change in Pakistan: The Military Governance Paradigm Charles H. Kennedy 4. The Practice of Islam in Pakistan and the Influence of Islam on Pakistani Politics Chris Fair and Karthik Vaidyanathan 5. PakistanAes Relations with Azad Kashmir Rifaat Hussain India: Politics and Kashmir 6. Who Speaks for India? The Role of Civil Society in Defining Indian Nationalism Ainslie Embree 7. Hindu Nationalism and the BJP: Transforming Religion and Politics in India Robert L. Hardgrave, Jr. 8. Hindu Ethnonationalism, Muslim Jihad, and Secularism: Muslims in the Political Life of the Republic of India Barbara D. Metcalf 9. Jammu and Kashmir in the Indian Union: The Politics of Autonomy Chandrasekhar Dasgupta India and PakistanAes Nuclear Doctrines and U.S. Concerns 10. The Stability-Instability Paradox, Misperception, and Escalation Control in South Asia Michael Krepon 11. PakistanAes Nuclear Doctrine Peter R. Lavoy 12. Coercive Diplomacy in a Nuclear Environment: The December 13 Crisis Rajesh M. Basrur 13. United States Interests in South Asia Howard B. Schaffer Index