Numerical Analysis of Dry Excavation Using a Tie Back Wall Under Static and Dynamic Load
Deep excavations are common in urban areas, nearby existing constructions. The support systems have the main function of preserve the stability and control soil displacements close to the excavation. Settlement control of nearby structures is an essential aspect during design and construction. Settlements prediction is usually made by empirical methods and in some cases also by numerical modeling. The paper presents a numerical modeling of a dry excavation by Plaxis program. The program allows the prediction of stress and deformation behavior of different geotechnical constructions using the Finite Element Method. The excavation has been modeled in five stages, in order to reproduce the construction phases. The numerical modeling was capable to reproduce satisfactorily the horizontal profile of the displacements of the diaphragm wall. In relation to settlements, the shape of the settlement profile was quite similar
Influência de escavações nos recalques em edificações vizinhas
Este trabalho e dirigido para o estudo das influencias de escavacoes profundas nos recalques em edificacoes vizinhas. Inicialmente, sao apresentados os dados obtidos em instrumentacao de campo e acompanhamento de obras nos diversos trechos estudados da Linha l do Metro do Rio de Janeiro. Em seguida, e feito um estudo dos recalques, onde sao discutidas as suas principais causas e alguns efeitos da metodologia de escavacao 
e escoramento da vala. A analise dos movimentos foi realizada visando-se quantificar a influencia de parâmetros relevantes. Verificou-se que a parcela do recalque correspondente ao adensamento pode 
ser da mesma ordem de grandeza da proveniente da escavacao. Em alguns trechos analisados, os recalques decorrentes da escavacao foram controlados pelos deslocamentos horizontais da parede, e, neste caso, a resistencia do solo e a rigidez do escoramento sao fatores de grande importância.
Finite Element Analyses of HDR‐4 Excavation
Simulations of construction of a 40-ft-deep braced excavation in saturated clays in Chicago have been made using a coupled finite element formulation. Surface and subsurface ground movements, pore water pressures, and sheet-pile deflections are measured throughout construction at the site and are compared to results of the simulations at key stages of the excavation. The finite element simulations closely modeled all phases of construction including sheet-pile installation and the actual duration of construction. Computed sheet-pile deformations agreed quite well with those observed throughout all stages of excavation and bracing. Soil deformations, ground surface settlements, and pore pressures agreed reasonably well with observations until an incipient shear surface developed within the soil mass as the unsupported height of the wall reached as much as 19 ft. Parametric studies assess the importance of modeling the sheet-pile installation, the effects of different types of assumed constitutive responses, the impacts of assumed boundary conditions, and importance of closely modeling the actual construction process. The importance of the available resistance of the soil on the passive side of the excavation in controlling ground movements is demonstrated. Anisotropy is a factor that must be considered when evaluating potential ground movements associated with a proposed excavation through soft to medium clays.