Os conteúdos escolares das disciplinas de história e ciências e suas relações com a organização curricular da Educação Física na escola
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relations between the contents of History and Science and Physical Education (PE) at school. Therefore, an effort was made to set principles to establish the sequence of contents for the 6t h to 9t h grades, and at the same time assuring the integration of PE to the school's political pedagogical proposal. The results demonstrate that those documents present a set of knowledge that offers possibilities to systematize the PE contents at school and show that the participation of PE teachers and their knowledge about books adopted is essential to build the political pedagogical proposal. Moreover, teachers from other disciplines should be aware of Physical Education specific knowledge and its value to school projects. This approach could lead to reflections on how to organize the contents while taking advantage of this work.
Livros didáticos de educação física: um balanço da produção acadêmica
EnglishThis article aims to present an overview of the academic output (articles, end-of-course projects, dissertations and theses) about Physical Education Textbooks (PETB) based on an inquiry about the use of textbooks throughout the history of this school subject in Brazil. Our theoretical-methodological framework consisted of the studies of Bardin (1977) and Choppin (1992, 2004), among others, which allowed outlining a panorama of the national research on PETB, the geographical and institutional distribution of studies, the chronological order of publications, as well as the main topics that characterize them, while taking into account the goals and approaches of each of them. The search, selection and access procedures resulted in 55 scholarly works produced from 1993 to 2019. The analysis of surveyed data allowed building a quantitative-qualitative overview, as well as a survey of 19 Physical Education textbooks used in Brazil which were analyzed or cited in the 55 studies. We conclude that there is an increasing scholarly output about PETB, particularly over the last two decades, which is mostly aimed at analyzing the contents of PETB that have been or still are in use. In addition, such works aim at proposing new textbooks to meet the demands of a Physical Education perspective understood as a body culture of movement, i.e., an approach in which their contents produce and reproduce cultural elements. portuguesObjetivou-se, neste artigo, apresentar um balanco da producao academica (artigos, trabalhos de conclusao de curso, dissertacoes e teses) a respeito dos Livros Didaticos de Educacao Fisica (LDEF) a partir do questionamento acerca do uso de livros ao longo da historia dessa disciplina escolar no Brasil. Utilizou-se como referencial teorico-metodologico os trabalhos de Bardin (1977), Choppin (1992, 2004) dentre outros, o que nos permitiu delinear um panorama das producoes nacionais acerca dos LDEF, sua distribuicao geografica e institucional, a ordem cronologica das publicacoes, bem como os eixos tematicos em que se caracterizam, levando-se em conta os objetivos e abordagens de cada um. Os procedimentos de localizacao, selecao e acesso resultaram em 55 producoes academicas, produzidas entre 1993 e 2019. A analise dos dados levantados permitiu um balanco quanti-qualititivo, alem de um levantamento de 19 livros didaticos de Educacao Fisica, analisados ou citados nas 55 pesquisas, utilizados no Brasil. Conclui-se que ha uma crescente producao academica acerca dos LDEF, principalmente nas ultimas duas decadas, e em grande parte destina-se a analisar conteudos de LDEF que foram utilizados ou que ainda sao. Alem disso, buscam propor novos livros didaticos para atender as demandas de uma perspectiva de Educacao Fisica entendida como cultura corporal de movimento, ou seja, em uma optica em que seus conteudos produzem e reproduzem elementos culturais.
Anomalous Annealing Behavior of Arsenic Implanted Silicon as a Function of Dose and Energy
Anomalous annealing behavior of damage in As implanted Si has been investigated by channeling effect measurements. Room temperature As implants with doses from 1014 to 2 × 1016cm-2 at energies ranging from 50 to 250 keV into Si were annealed over the range of 600°C to 1100°C. Anneal temperatures ≥ 950°C reduce the disorder for ion doses of 0.5 to 1 × 1016 cm-2 at energies between 50 and 250 keV. Anomalously high residual disorder was found for the intermediate doses of 2 × 1014 to 2 × 10/cm2 implanted above 100 keV. For this intermediate dose, annealing of implants performed at liquid nitrogen temperatures did not show significant reduction in this damage. However implants at 200° to 300°C indicate a lower amount of damage compared to the room temperature implants.