Case writing: An art and A science
The study of management in the food system is undergoing a fundamental change with the growing use of the cash study method of instruction. This approach has been found to produce the higher order thinking skills desired in managers. Unfortunately, the number of management cases dealing with the food system is very limited. This article helps address this need by explaining how those interested in writing cases might do so. First the article describes the context of case writing. Then ten characteristics found in most good cases are explained. Finally a process for writing cases is presented which describes how the ten characteristics are developed when a case is being written. Though case writing is presented as a process, it is seen as an art, and a good case is seen as a literary accomplishment.
Metodika tvorby a využití případových studií ve výuce a formou Open Educational Resources (OER)
Předložena metodika tvorby regionalnich připadových studii (PS) udržitelneho rozvoje pro vysokoskolske vzdělavani ma za ukol ukazat, jakým způsobem lze ve výuce využit konkretni připady z praxe a soucasně jak rozvijet výzkumne nastroje relevantni pro mistni environmentalni problematiku a otazky udržitelneho rozvoje uzemi; důraz je přitom kladen na regionalni kontext a specifika. Publikace výsledků formou otevřených vzdělavacich zdrojů (tzv. Open Educational Resources, OER) umožni využit tyto materialy pro regionalně orientovane skolstvi i na nižsich stupnich vzdělavaciho systemu, pro prezentaci regionalnich zvlastnosti, a může sloužit tež pro podporu dialogu o rozvoji uzemi mezi různými spolecenskými aktery.
Corporate Management’s Inclination to Disclose Financial Information
(1) Retrospective view of corporate financial disclosure: Corporate management disclosed very little; or n.o financial information to stockholders until the turn of the century. Several corporations did not hold any annual meetings for decades, while others did not publish annual reports for years. The first conventional annual report in the American Business Community was issued, in 1858 by Borden Company.' For a long period of time thereafter, even the largest corporations considered it best to disclose as little information as possible about their operations. In 1895, the New York Stock Exchange began recommending the practice of issuing annual reports and five years later requested companies applying for listing to publish them. The first modern annual report was published in 1902 by United States Steel Company. Its president, Judge E. H. Gary, commented in the. sam.e year, "Corporations cannot work on a principle of locked doors and shut lips." Most of the corporations at that tim.e reacted unfavorably to this break with tradition, and failed to follow United States Steel Company's lead. A census by the New York Stock Exchange in 1926 showed that 242 of the 957 corporations then listed on the Big Board were issuing quarterly reports and 339 were issuing annual reports.2 Since a large number of the corporations failed to issue annual reports, the New York Stock Exchange in 1926 required that a listed corporation must publish and submit to stockholders at least fifteen days in advance of their annual meeting an annual report containing its financial statements. In the years following, the Exchange intensified its efforts to secure ad.equately informative financial reports from listed corporations. By 1933, however, a large number of listed corporations were still failing to disclose such important financial facts as sales and cost of sales.