Alkaloids from Lupinus argenteus var. stenophyllus.
TLC and GLC of an alkaloid extract of the aboveground portions of Lupinus argenteus Pursh. var. stenophyllus (Rydb.) Davis (Leguminosae) suggested the presence of sparteine, beta-isosparteine, delta5-dehydrolupanine, alpha-isolupanine, lupanine, thermopsine, and anagyrine. GLC-mass spectrometry confirmed these preliminary findings. Preparative TLC was used to isolate sparteine, and this alkaloid was further characterized by IR spectral analysis and derivatization.
Lupin alkaloids from teratogenic and nonteratogenic lupins. I. Correlation of crooked calf disease incidence with alkaloid distribution determined by gas chromatography.
A comparison was made by gas chromatography of lupin alkaloid distribution among members of the Lupinus genus that produced crooked calf disease experimentally and those that failed to do so. Further comparison of distribution was made of plants from areas where the disease is common and from areas where the disease is not known. There were alkaloid distribution similarities in all active plants that were not shared by the inactive ones. Four major alkaloid peaks were generally present in active samples, but peak 4 was the only one invariably present in active plants and invariably absent or of low concentration in inactive ones. The data do not positively incriminate an alkaloid as the active principal in the disease, but it is clear that if a major alkaloid is responsible it is the alkaloid of peak 4. That alkaloid is anagyrine. The data further indicate that one can recognize potentially teratogenic lupins by their alkaloid distribution patterns.
THE IRON-ACETOCARMINE METHOD OF FIXING AND STAINING CHROMOSOMES
A short description of this procedure was given in Vol. 55 of the American Naturalist, pp. 573â€”574. The method has now been used almost daily for five years, and certain improvements have suggested themselves. The solution can be prepared by mixing about equal volumes of glacial acetic acid and water. To this is added powdered carmine in excess. The liquid is then â€ ? just brought to boil, cooled, and decanted. To the red solution there are then added a few drops of a solution of ferric hydrate in 50 per cent. acetic acid, to act as a mordant. The amount of iron varies with different objects. Too much produces a precipitate in a short time. The more