Standardization of the Macedonian and French Legal Terminology as a Pre-Condition for a Successful Implementation of Euro-Atlantic Integrations
One of the very important aspects and obligations that the Republic of Macedonia should fulfill on its way of Euro-Atlantic integrations is the translation of a vast corpus of texts, whose content concerns mainly the field of law. Of course, the bulk of these texts are written in English, but a considerable part is also written or should be translated into French. In order to have a successful translation it is essential to standardize the terms used in Macedonian and French legal language, and at the same time to standardize the equivalents of the source language to the target language. This paper aims to represent the characteristics of the terminology standardization in France and to compare it to the terminology standardization in the Republic of Macedonia, in order to point out the flaws and the possibilities of their overcoming. 
Key words: standardization, legal terminology, French language, Macedonian language.
La traduction des noms d'institutions
On pretend que les noms propres ne se traduisent pas. Ceci est loin d’etre le cas des noms d’institutions, qui comportent souvent un equivalent tres officiel dans plusieurs langues etrangeres, mais il ne semble pas exister une doctrine etablie concernant les principes qui doivent presider a ce genre de traduction. La presente etude vise a proposer quelques principes a la lumiere de l’observation de la pratique actuelle, telle qu’on la constate en Europe en particulier. A partir d’Internet, qui sert de megacorpus, on a examine des traductions de noms d’institutions (politiques, economiques et d’enseignement) sur les plans international et europeen, national, regional (et departemental pour la France) et local. Le plan international semble le plus systematique, le plan local le moins en ce qui concerne la presence de la traduction et de sa forme. On propose une serie de recommandations a l’intention d’institutions desireuses de traduire leur nom.
Inquiring "Tree of Life" at Home: Persian Classic Literature in English Classes.
The recent decades of English Language Teaching (ELT) appear to be particularly concerned with the marginalisation caused by English linguistic, cultural, and academic colonisation and imperialism. Bold footprints of this academic monopoly can be seen in the wide incorporation of abridged or unabridged British and American literary works in foreign language settings. Such literary products are often legitimised as authentic materials authored by native speakers. Inspired by the idea of incorporating non-native literature and translated first language literature into English classes, the authors of this article sought to explore the possibilities of opening spaces for English translations of Persian classic works of literature in English as foreign language classrooms and tracing the language events that unfolded as a result of incorporating such literature. The participants of this two-semester long action research project were non-English major Iranian female university students, majoring in various fields at Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran. The sense of familiarity the students had with such national literary works led to the emergence of language instances lightened by sparks of virtue, vision, life and art.