Cyanoethylation of several fiber materials and their utilization as adhesive in wood-based panels
This study examines the cyanoethylation and thermoplasticity of several cyanoethylated fiber materials. Cyanoethylated pulps with a degree of substitution of 1.43 have the lowest Vicat softening point. Cyanoethylated poplar with a weight gain of 18.2 % has the lowest melting temperature. Instead of traditional adhesives, cyanoethylated materials can be used to produce wood-based panels because of their good thermoplasticity. Plywood bonded with cyanoethylated pulp has a bonding strength of 2.06 MPa and an average wood failure of 62.7 %. Wheat straw particle board containing 40 % cyanoethylated pulp has an internal bonding strength of 0.49 MPa, a modulus of rupture (MOR) of 33 MPa, and a density between 0.5 and 0.6 g cm−3. Fiberboard containing 40 % cyanoethylated pulp has an internal bonding strength of 0.53 MPa, MOR of 38 MPa, modulus of elasticity of 4,200 MPa, and a density between 0.7 and 0.8 g cm−3. Its swelling in thickness is 41 %.
Towards sustainable thermoplastic woody materials prepared from continuous steam explosion followed by oxidation-reduction.
Converting plant fibers into thermoplastic materials are challenging in a sustainable society. Herein, continuous steam explosion pretreatment was used to improve the reactivity of plant fiber. Meanwhile, periodate oxidation and subsequent sodium borohydride reduction were used to plastify plant fiber. SEM and BET results showed that steam explosion pretreatment can gradually dissociate bundle structure of eucalyptus fiber and increase its specific surface area, which improve the reaction efficiency significantly. The FTIR and NMR indicated that the eucalyptus fiber had been successfully oxidized and reduced. XRD and TGA tests showed that the crystallinity and thermal stability of the modified fibers decreased with the increase of oxidation time. When the oxidation time is 8 h, the mechanical properties of the modified material are optimal, and the glass transition temperature is significantly reduced. These results suggest that this all-component plant fiber material is a possible alternative to petroleum-based materials.
RIP - General Purpose Interactive Display at HHIRF
RIP is a general purpose interactive code for display and analysis of data acquired with the Holifield Heavy Ion Research Facility (HHIRF) accelerators at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The HHIRF data acquisition system includes a version of RIP for on-line display of one-and two-dimensional histograms on color graphic terminals and hard copy on color printer/plotters. General features of the program and interactive techniques will be described.