The Implementation of the Right to Education in Indonesia
This article discusses the implementation of the right to education in Indonesia. It uses human rights and historical approaches. Human rights approach is used to describe international human rights instruments on the guarantee of the right to education that is applied universally. This approach is also dealing with international human rights instrument on the right to education that has been ratified by Indonesia as well as national regulation instruments on the right to education applied in Indonesia. Historical approach highlights the role of Indonesian governments in education sector after the Independence Day, especially regarding the implementation of the right to education. The discussion focuses on the development that has been achieved and the difficulty that has been faced in the implementation of the right to education. Despite there have been significant progresses achieved in implementing the right to education, the Indonesian governments remain facing the difficulty to fulfil the right to education for the entire of Indonesian citizens. However, in the middle of such a difficulty, it raises a creative idea and concrete action from civil society in terms of providing education service for marginalized and indigenous peoples.
The Protection of the Right to Education by International Law: Including a Systematic Analysis of Article 13 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. International Studies in Human Rights, 82.
[In view of the trend of demoting education from ”human right” to “human need” and the accompanying commercialisation of education, and the complex nature of the right to education under international law, entailing a freedom and a social aspect, this book seeks to affirm education as a “human right” and to describe the various state duties flowing from the right to education, by referring to the provisions on the right to education found in instruments of international law and by systematically analyzing article 13 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights., In view of the trend of demoting education from ”human right” to “human need” and the accompanying commercialisation of education, and the complex nature of the right to education under international law, entailing a freedom and a social aspect, this book seeks to affirm education as a “human right” and to describe the various state duties flowing from the right to education, by referring to the provisions on the right to education found in instruments of international law and by systematically analyzing article 13 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.]
What is Enlightenment
Enlightenment is man's emergence from his self-imposed nonage. Nonage is the inability to use one's own understanding without another's guidance. This nonage is self-imposed if its cause lies not in lack of understanding but in indecision and lack of courage to use one's own mind without another's guidance. Dare to know! (Sapere aude.) "Have the courage to use your own understanding," is therefore the motto of the enlightenment.