Ultra-thin sealed lead-acid batteries
The structure and performance of the world's first ultra-thin sealed lead-acid batteries are described. The batteries are 0.65 mm thick, the thinnest ever achieved, and are made possible by a new electrode structure. In a conventional battery, the separator is sandwiched between the positive and negative electrodes. In the new battery structure, however, the positive electrode, electrolyte, and negative electrode are arranged on the same plane. Movement of the battery reaction sites during charge/discharge is parallel to the main surface of the electrode. Consequently, the new battery structure offers significant advantages in regard to life performance. Batteries utilizing this new structure have a long life of over 400 cycles, and good performance of the charge/discharge characteristics. In addition, a variety of different batteries can be manufactured using screen patterns. By using the techniques described above, the thickness of a sealed lead-acid battery can be reduced to less than one seventh of that of a conventional one, without performance degradation.<<ETX>>
Elektrolytströmung und masseausnutzung von porösen bleidioxidelektroden
Zusammenfassung Die Verteilung von PbSO 4 uber die Dicke von teilweise entladenen positiven Gitterplatten wird mit Hilfe einer Rontgen-Mikrosonde ermittelt, die auf die Schwefel Kα-Wellenlange eingestellt ist. Man erhalt Verteilungskurven, die mit der Theorie der Stromverteilung nur schlecht erklart werden konnen. Insbesondere verursachen schon geringe Durchstromungen mit Schwefelsaure starke Verschiebungen der Sulfatverteilung und erhebliche Verbesserungen der Hochstrom-Kapazitat.
Design of Primary and Secondary Cells II . An Equation Describing Battery Discharge
A discussion is given of the derivation and application of an equation which gives an excellent description of a wide variety of cell and battery discharges. This equation gives the cell potential during discharge as a function of discharge time, current density, and certain other factors. It makes possible a complete description of cell discharge characteristics, using a minimum of experimental data and at the same time pinpointing experimental errors. It can also be used to describe cell charges, capacities, power evolution, and to predict capacities. A description is given of a simple numerical method for fitting this equation to a particular set of battery discharge curves. A graphical method is described for comparing characteristics of various types of cells.