The Quarks as Dirac States
As fermions, the quarks and leptons of the first family could be described as pairs of solutions of the Dirac equation (Dirac states). The color and electric charges are associated with the symmetry operations bringing the Dirac states into pairs. The obtained quark model is similar to that given by Han – Nambu, where the electric charges of the d and u quarks assume integer values. The quark s may have an inner structure formed from quarks of the first family, s = uud and s = uud.
Relativistic Particle Physics
1 One-Particle Problems.- 2 Two-Particle Problems.- 3 Radiation and Quantum Electrodynamics.- 4 The Particle Zoo.- 5 Weak Interactions.- 6 Analyticity and Strong Interactions.- 7 Particular Hadronic Processes.- 8 Particular Electromagnetic Processes in Collisions with Atoms and Nuclei.- Appendices.- A Some Formulas for Partial Waves and Fermions.- A-1 Spherical Bessel, Neuman and Hankel Functions.- A-2 Coulomb Wave Functions.- A-3 Reduction of Dirac Matrices.- A-4 Fermion Spin Summation.- B-1 Unitary Matrices and Their Representations.- B-2 Schur's Lemma and Orthogonality Relations.- B-4 Calculation of the d-Functions.- C Units and Particle Tables.- C-1 Units and Fundamental Constants and Table of Leptons.- C-2 The Pseudoscalar Mesons.- C-3 The Vector Mesons.- C-4 The Baryon Octet.- C-5 The Baryon Decuplet.- C-6 The Tensor Mesons.- C-7 The New Bosons.- References.
Coherent pulsed injection seeding of two gain-switched semiconductor lasers
High-power, narrow-spectrum, short pulses at a wavelength near 830 nm are needed for optical logic applications. The authors report the generation of two coherent trains of pulses by pulsed injection seeding of two gain-switched semiconductor lasers with one mode-locked master oscillator. The available power was doubled and both lasers emit in nearly identical spectral lines. Short pulses (30-50 ps) are generated at a repetition rate of 1.9 GHz. The spectrum is reduced to a single mode cluster and shows a 1.7 AA wide chirp suitable for pulse compression. The peak power is 0.1 W for each pulse train. The capability of this technique for coherent power combining is demonstrated.<<ETX>>