The status of coastal zone management in South Africa
Abstract In this article, an overview of the status of coastal zone management (CZM) in South Africa is presented. Firstly, it provides background to the development of various initiatives to promote sustainable use of coastal resources within the context of sociopolitical changes in South Africa. Thereafter, it examines the progress made with respect to key attributes underpinning most CZM programs. Finally, it identifies obstacles to achieving effective CZM in South Africa and makes recommendations to address these shortcomings. The review reveals that whilst considerable progress has been made in certain areas of program development, such as resource conservation and pollution control, there are several gaps and inadequacies within existing efforts. These include the absence of a clear policy to guide efforts, lack of coordination amongst government departments involved in CZM, as well as inadequacies in our legal and administrative system. The promulgation of a Coastal Zone Management Act and the esta...
Coastal zone planning and management in the Netherlands
Abstract This article will examine the historic background of coastal planning and management in the Netherlands and will relate this to the present coastal problems such as a lack of space for further (urban) development, pollution, and other innovative uses of the coastal zone. Two coastal regions will be used as examples for specific coastal problems and policies: the “IJsselmeer”; region and the “Waddenzee” region. The evolution of policy in these areas provides exemplary cases ofs the evolution of coastal planning and management in the Netherlands.
Accumulation of Bone-Seeking Radionuclides in Liver Metastasis from Colon Carcinoma
Fifteen colon cancer patients with metastasis to the liver were examined by both liver and bone scans. Seven of these showed accumulation of bone seeking radionuclides in the liver at the site of a defect in the scan. Such accumulation was found in two diphosphonate, in one pyrophosphate and in six 18F scans. To our knowledge, this is the first series to report localization of 18F in intrahepatic metastasis from colon cancer. The precise mechanism for this non-skeletal accumulation is unknown.