SYSTEMS APPROACH TO THE ROAD SAFETY PROBLEM IN TANZANIA
Road traffic accidents have been increasing in Tanzania, despite some considerable efforts to reduce the level of the problem. Road safety management is widely used worldwide in various forms and at different levels of refinement to manage traffic safety. This paper discusses and recommends the scientific methods that should be used to alleviate the road safety problems in Tanzania.
Implementation and Impact of ICT Technology on Vehicle Over-speed and Drinking Driving Monitoring in Tanzania: A Survey
Today’s transportation status has rapidly grown due to the daily increase of population and use of road as main, easy and economical way of travelling as well as transportation of goods, Thus now a days due to the high quantity of vehicles several problems has arisen in road sector such as road damage, road accidents, congestion as road accidents has been a major problem in Tanzania which in many cases results from the Breach of Traffic rules. Many innocents Tanzanians are continuously losing their lives and some get permanent body disabilities and property destruction due to road accidents. From 2009 to 2010 there was an increment of 2,907 accidents which is equivalent to 13.2% and most of the causes were due to human factors which include over-speed, drinking and driving, reckless driving, overtaking and overloading. Some of the measures have been taken but still there are many challenges. Traffic Police have been using devices (speed radar and breathlayzer) but have shown some weakness on solving problems. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Also contributed a lot to control the problem as introduced many ways of automatic control. Thus this paper will review the system used for prevention/avoidance of drinking & driving and over-speeding in Tanzania. It will also propose a system that will monitor and provide real time information of drivers drinking & driving status and over-speeding in different zones of different speed limits. Keywords: Over-speed ; Speed Radar Touch; Breathalyzer; Information Communication Technology (ICT)
THE EFFECT OF OWNERSHIP ON THE PERFORMANCE OF STAGE BUS SERVICES IN HARARE, ZIMBABWE
Ownership and control of the urban stage bus industry continues to be an intensively debated topic in both the developed and developing world. Proponents of private sector ownership and free competition argue that such conditions generate an efficient and effective stage bus service. Others promote varying levels of government control and involvement, including ownership, because of market imperfections and a loss in social welfare. Whilst it is impossible to be definitive on the subject from either standpoint, new case study material frequently highlights the effects (both positive and negative) of government or private ownership on the performance of stage bus services in the developing world. This report therefore adds to the debate by discussing the reasons for and objectives of the Government of Zimbabwe's decision in 1988 to invest and participate directly in the provision of urban stage bus services in the major towns and cities of Zimbabwe. The initial effects of this process in Harare, the capital of Zimbabwe, are discussed using operational, financial and service level data from pre Government involvement to the present day. Whilst it is too soon to make a final assessment of Government involvement the trends illustrated allow an interim assessment to be made. (A)