A preliminary study of the nutritional requirements of Myxotrichum uncinatum
Certain nutritional requirements of one strain ofMyxotrichum uncinatum were established. Growth was measured on a dry weight basis. The approximate optimum medium for growth consisted of 5% KNO3, 4% sucrose, 0.1% K2HPO4, 0.05% MgSO4. 7 H2O, 0.2 mg % biotin and 1.0 mg % uracil. The best initial pH range was 6.0–7.0. Approximately three to five days incubation on a rotary shaker permitted excellent growth.
Growth and nutrition of a strain of Gymnoascus reessii in shaken flasks
The fundamental nutritional requirements of one strain ofGymnoascus reessii were established. Growth was measured on a dry weight basis. The optimum medium for growth consisted of 5% maltose, 2% KNO3, 0.2% K2HPO4, 0.2% MgSO4.7H2O, 1 mg% adenine, 1 mg% uracil, 1 mg% guanine, 5 mg% xanthine, 0.8 mg% biotin and 0.2 mg% pyridoxine. An initial Ph range of 5.0–8.0 was found to permit optimum growth. Die Grunderfordernisse der Ernährung eines Stammes vonGymnoascus reessii sind festgestellt worden. Das Wachstum war an der trockenen Gewichtsgrundlage gemessen. Der optimale Nährboden für das Wachstum bestand in 5% Maltose, 2% KNO3, 0.2% K2HPO4, 0.2% MgSO4. 7HO2, 1 mg% Adenine, 1 mg% Uracil, 1 mg% Guanine, 5 mg% Xanthine, 0.8 mg% Biotin und 0.2 mg% Pyridoxine. Eine Anfangsbreite der Ph von 5.0–8.0 erlaubte ein optimales Wachstum.
Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of 14C-Brivaracetam, a Novel SV2A Ligand, in Healthy Subjects
This study was designed to investigate the human absorption, disposition, and mass balance of 14C-brivaracetam, a novel high affinity SV2A ligand with potent anticonvulsant activity. Six healthy male subjects received a single p.o. dose of 14C-brivaracetam (150 mg, 82 μCi, or 3.03 MBq). Serial blood and complete urine and feces were collected until 144 h postdose. Expired air samples were obtained until 24 h. Brivaracetam was rapidly absorbed, with Cmax of 4 μg/ml occurring within 1.5 h of dosing. Unchanged brivaracetam amounted to 90% of the total plasma radioactivity, suggesting a modest first-pass effect. Plasma protein binding of radioactivity was low (17.5%). Urinary excretion exceeded 90% after 2 days, and the final mass balance reached 96.8% of the radioactivity in urine and 0.7% in feces. Only 8.6% of the radioactive dose was recovered in urine as unchanged brivaracetam, the remainder being identified as non–cytochrome P450 (P450)- and P450-dependent biotransformation products resulting from hydrolysis of the amide moiety (M9, 34.2%), hydroxylation of the n-propyl side chain (M1b, 15.9%), and a combination of these two pathways leading to the hydroxy acid (M4b, 15.2%). Minor amounts of taurine and glucuronic acid conjugates and other oxidized derivatives were also identified. Brivaracetam is completely absorbed, is weakly bound to plasma proteins, extensively biotransformed through several metabolic pathways, and eliminated renally.