Developments in the provision of housing finance in the UK
Recommended reading for providers and designers of housing. The results of the housing finance changes in the UK included a wider range of institutions involved, significant developments in the source and delivery of that finance, as well as important changes in government policy opening up social housing to the private finance market, targeting subsidy more directly at particular groups of individuals and introduction of specific supply subsidies to new private rented sector. The considerable unease with certain outcomes is dealt with.
British housing since 1979: Has the system changed?
Abstract This article assesses the way the British housing system has responded to large changes in policy and economic variables since 1979 in order to determine whether behavioural relationships have remained stable during this period or whether underlying relationships have varied. Changes in demographic factors in relation to total supply, in the allocation of housing between different groups and different tenures, in rents, prices and the availability of finance are all reviewed to determine how the system has adjusted. The main conclusion is that on the demand side trends have continued, if anything more strongly, while on the supply side there has been a downward shift in new output levels which can be explained only partly by direct changes in government policy. This however can be explained in terms of adjustment and can best be described as adjusting td changes in constraints resulting in a tightening up of the system rather than to modifications in behavioural relationships.
The Millennial of Castile (1943): the historical culture of Spanish Fascism
Abstract The creation of new symbols and historical myths were common practices of nationalist politics, especially in Fascist regimes. In 1943 the Franco regime organized the most impressive historical commemoration celebrated in post-war Spain: the Milenario of Castile. With its heterogeneous mixture of history and spectacle, the Milenario of Castile was by far the greatest historical commemoration promoted by the State during the 1940s. Taking the commemoration of the Milenario as a case study, this article examines the historical culture of Spanish Fascism, as well as the attempts of the Falangist intellectual elite to impose a concrete national narrative in post-war Spain. At the same time, the article analyses the historical discourses and aesthetics displayed throughout the commemoration, underlining its Fascist character, and consequently the transnational dimension of the Fascist politics of the past. Finally, the article reflects on the scope and limits of the process of Fascistisation in Franco's dictatorship, especially in its commemorative culture.