CPTED (Crime prevention through environmental design)
Arising from Newman's theory of defensible space, the theory of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) is premised on the idea that crime is linked to physical features of the environment and not solely predicated on individual, structural, or institutional measures. CPTED enjoyed a flourish of support in the early 1970s but, following years of limited success, it has fallen by the wayside in criminological theory. Currently, CPTED has yet to be definitively demonstrated as a successful strategy for suppressing crime. 
 
 
Keywords: 
 
Crime Prevention; 
Deterrence; 
Ecology; 
Environmental Criminology; 
Police
A Case Study on CPTED Projects for Regeneration of Deteriorated Residential Area - Focused on Cases of 'Deokpo-dong', 'Chilsan-dong' and 'Sujeong-dong' in Busan City
There is an increasing interest in and efforts for safe residential environment from crimes nationwide. Many cities are making efforts to create safe residential environment by enacting ordinances and guidances on safe design for preventing crimes and implementing demonstration projects. In line with the trends of the times toward ‘improvement of living conditions’ through urban regeneration, the importance of the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design(CPTED) has recently emerged in the field of residential housing regeneration. Indeed, the CPTED is included as essential factor in the recent deteriorated residential area regeneration related projects. In this respect, the purpose of this study is to provide the basic data on the methodology of CPTED to be applied to the regeneration of deteriorated residential area in the future. To this end, this study selected three representative CPTED projects in Busan - ‘Deokpo-dong Hope and Stepping Stone Village,’ ‘Chilsan-dong CPTED Happiness Village’ and ‘Sujeong-dong Crime Prevention and Safe Village’ as objects of this study and then investigated and analyzed project contents, application of CPTED strategy, subjects who are implementing projects, and the time when they implement projects as the framework of my analysis. The findings from this study are as follows: First, the projects that were largely based on hardware should be improved by including software in the future. Second, the current Step 2 should expand into Step 3 Maintenance in applying CPTED strategy. Third, it is necessary to encourage exchange and cooperation between unit projects and subjects who are operating related projects.
Corrections and the Private Sector
*The author is vice president and manager of the Law and Justice group, Abt Associates, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts. She is a coauthor of The Privatization of Corrections, a National Institute of Justice publication. Faced with reduced levels of federal assistance, dwindling local resources, and little public tolerance for similar cutbacks in public services, many jurisdictions have looked to the private sector to resolve the dilemma. By transferring certain functions to the private sector (trash removal, sewage treatment, fire protection, health, and even educational services), government managers have hoped to bring to public service the efficiency and vitality typically associated with successful business enterprise. At the same time, the private sector has clearly recognized the new government climate, responding to both the social responsibilities and new market opportunities posed by the demand for more enterprising public service management.