Dielectric relaxations in amorphous polymers with complex chain architectures
By combining thermostimulated current and dynamic dielectric spectroscopies, the dielectric properties characteristic of the molecular mobility can be described over a very broad frequency range. The study of dielectric relaxations of phosphorus-containing dendrimers in the sub-glass transition region, and of poly(n-alkyl methacrylates) at and above the glass transition region allows us to gain insight into the molecular dynamics of complex architecture systems. From these sets of data we make an attempt to propose a structural interpretation of molecular mobility through the glass transition.
Low frequency chain dynamic of cross-linked poly(acrylic acid)
Cross-linked poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) synthesized by radical polymerization in inverse suspension is a swelling gel. The physical structure of PAA has been analyzed using low frequency chain dynamic given by the analysis of thermo stimulated currents (TSC). The primary dielectric relaxation mode observed around the glass transition temperature ( Tg =+ 38 ◦ C) corresponds to the slowest dynamic. The relaxation times of the constituting processes show that it is due to a delocalized cooperative molecular mobility involving nanometric sequences of the hydrocarbon skeleton. The secondary dielectric relaxation mode observed at lower temperature (T =− 35 ◦ C) corresponds to a higher frequency molecular mobility. It has been assigned to the cooperative mobility of hydrogen bonded COOH groups. In fact, the hydrogen bonded side chains behave as an hydrophilic matrix in which nanometric domains constituted by sequences of the main chain are embedded. Such a picture might explain the specific swelling properties of cross-linked PAA. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Preparation and performance evaluation of swine manure bio-oil modified rubber asphalt binder
Abstract In order to study the effect of the preparation process of swine manure bio-oil modified rubber asphalt binder on the rheological properties of the binder, the matrix asphalt and asphalt rubber were used as the control group, and swine manure bio-oil modified rubber asphalt binders were obtained by three preparation processes. Then the rheological properties of five binders were evaluated by rotational viscosity, DSR, MSCR and BBR tests. The results show that the addition of swine manure bio-oil to asphalt rubber is beneficial to the workability, but cause negative effect on its high temperature performance, fatigue performance and low temperature crack resistance. The preparation method of premixing bio-oil and rubber powder can reduce the degradation of high-temperature performance of asphalt rubber caused by addition of swine manure bio-oil to a certain extent. The fatigue properties of the three bio-binders are close, and the critical temperature is less than 25 °C. The process of premixing bio-oil and rubber powder will increase the creep stiffness and reduce the low-temperature performance. However, the low-temperature performance of the binder obtained by this process is still better than that of the matrix asphalt and can meet the requirements of use. Therefore, it is recommended to use the preparation process of premixing bio-oil and rubber powder to prepare swine manure bio-oil modified asphalt rubber.