In Search of a Modern Confucius for Effective Teaching in Law : A Trial Project to Promote Interactive Learning in Taiwan (松浦好治教授退職記念論文集)
This paper observes and reviews the progress of interactive learning in a Taiwan eConfucius Drama Classroom. Based on accumulated findings in a law classroom of blended learning, an innovative pedagogy is introduced to promote conversational teaching with passive students. The Socratic pedagogies may have led the western movements towards interactive learning. Given a different educational heritage in Taiwan, the constructivist teaching value may be realised with culturally situated methods to achieve Socratic ends. The ideas of “guided independent learning” are thus proposed with the back-up of filed findings. In the classroom of a modern Confucius, the teacher remains to be respected, yet learning-centred pedagogies are adopted to lead the students to become active and reflective learners.
Why the Japanese Law School System Was Established: Co‐optation as a Defensive Tactic in the Face of Global Pressures
In the face of pressures to expand the rule of law, in 2004, Japan introduced a new law school system in order to produce more and better qualified lawyers. This article explains why the new law school system solution was selected from among other alternatives such as reforming the national bar exam, abolishing mandatory legal training, reforming existing legal education, or redefining the jurisdiction of lawyers. I argue that the law school system was adopted because the legal establishment co‐opted pro‐law school scholars and other reformists. Although American‐style law schools have been introduced in Japan, power has not yet shifted entirely from the legal establishment to the pro‐law school scholars; while the legal establishment may no longer have absolute control of the Japanese judicial arena, it remains powerful because it successfully co‐opted pro‐American elites into judicial reform. By analyzing the case of the Japanese law school system, this article indicates that transplants of global institutions may often be more symbolic than practical due to co‐optation tactics used by powerful local actors.
Production of new antituberculosis drug and other medical preparations by electron beam treatment
Abstract Possibility of electron beam usage for immobilization of hydrazidum of an isonicotinic acid (HIA) on dextrane was studied to produce a drug for treatment of a tuberculosis. As a result of irradiation of dextrane the processes of oxidation and formation of polysaccharide occur due to carbonyl groups which are to link isoniasidum. The HIA immobilized on dextrane may be used as an effective medical preparation having prolonged action for action on endo and extracellular population of Micobacterium tuberculosis .