Dynamic simulation of buoyancy engine of underwater glider based on experimentation
As a key component for underwater gliders, the buoyancy engine plays an important role in the operation of gliders, the performance of which directly affects the monolithic reliability. In this paper, to lower costs of research on the buoyancy engine, a dynamic simulation is established by AMEsim software, in which the performance of the low-pressure boost gear pump and that of the high-pressure hydraulic axial piston pump are analyzed. And based on the simulation results, an experiment is designed to verify validity of the simulation. The method of buoyancy engine simulation in this paper may provide a valuable reference for designers.
UNDERWATER GLIDERS FOR OCEAN RESEARCH
Underwater gliders are autonomous vehicles that profile vertically by buoyancy control and move horizontally on wings. Gliders are reviewed, from their conception by Stommel as an extension of autonomous profiling floats, through their development in 3 models, and including their first deployments singly and in numbers. This paper discusses the basics of glider function as implemented by University of Washington, Seaglider, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and Webb Research in Slocum. Preliminary results are presented from a recent demonstration project that used a network of gliders off Monterey. A wide range of sensors has already been deployed on gliders, with many under development, and a wider range of future possibilities. Glider networks appear to be among the best approaches to achieving subsurface spatial resolution necessary for ocean research.
Translating Legal Language and Comparative Law
Legal texts are in the focus of both lawyers and translators. This paper discusses the binary opposition of these two views especially in the light of contract law. There is one crucial epistemic difference between the point of view of the translator and the lawyer when it comes to the interpretation of legal texts. In the translator’s view legal text is traditionally conceived as static as to its nature; something that already exists in the form of text. Traditionally, the translator is interested in the text itself as it was written down in a document, i.e. the translator needs to go back to the frozen moment when a legal document was constructed and finalised. The lawyer, in contrast, is very much interested not only in the text of the legal document but also in the contextual surroundings of the text. In fact, for legal interpretation, sometimes the key-elements for the interpretation come from outside of the text itself. This paper concludes that legal translation is in many cases closer to transcreation than it is to traditionally understood translation.