Simulation of the ribbon-shaped electron beam of the diode electron-optical system of microwave devices
Complex numerical simulation of the ribbon-shaped electron beam, which is formed by the diode electron gun with magnetic field focusing was conducted. Analysis of the beam formation dynamics in longitudinal and cross-section as well as the results of calculation of the separate electron trajectories agree with experimental data, obtained previously by using of the method of electron beam diagnostics by means of transient radiation.
The problem of ribbon electron beam modeling
The three-dimensional model and algorithm of numeral calculation of electric field intensity is offered in a diode gun, and calculation of current density in the cross-sections of ribbon electron beam is carried out. The emission nonuniform, power and angular dispersion, electrons settling on electrodes are taken into account during calculations.
The Influence of the Supervision of Psychotherapy upon being Therapeutic: II: Modes of Influence of the Supervisory Relationship *
Through supervision, the student develops those innate personal characteristics which are highly important in being therapeutic. In making conscious use of “reality identification” by the student with his teacher, we must take care to avoid certain pitfalls. What is not wanted is transference identification. To help avoid this, we must select appropriate teachers as supervisors. The student should also have more than one supervisor, as this tends to protect against the development of over-idealization on the part of the student, and of omnipotence on the part of the teacher. Personal characteristics of both students and supervisors are extremely important. A good supervisory experience is the most likely vehicle for developing those qualities in the student which will, in time, lead him to function most therapeutically.