Urban renewal: strategies for high density residential suburbs regeneration
This article summarizes the main results of a research conducted by the University of Bologna, Department of Architecture, within the framework of the Research Program PRIN 2008, «Renovation, regeneration and valorisation of social housing settlements built in the suburban areas in the second half of last century». Once quantified the residential stock, a methodology for multidisciplinary analysis, applied to a specific case study (the district of Pilastro in Bologna), aimed at evaluating the different complementary aspects of building quality (social, functional, technical and environmental ones) was developed with the objective of formulating strategies of intervention and models aimed at reducing the problems detected.
Evaluation and Feasibility Study of Retrofitting Interventions on Social Housing in Italy
Abstract While there are an increasing number of new projects aiming at combining high residential quality and low power consumption, it is clear that the main challenge in the short term concerns the performance upgrading of the existing residential buildings stock. The feasibility analysis should consider the economic implications of the retrofit projects. A Disocunted Cash Flow analysis can be implemented in order to investigate the economic aspects of such interventions. The DCF approach allows the analysis of costs as well as the revenues and savings with the objective of understanding the period of time needed to recover the initial investment.
Failure analysis for poor solderability of Au surface of PCB
Nonwetting is one of the common problems and is always rejected in electronic assemblies. ENIG pads of a PCBA exhibited nonwetting after lead-free reflow soldering. With the aid of stereomicroscope, SEM&EDS and XRF, a series of analysis was performed. And after visual inspection, surface and cross section analysis, thickness measurement and solderability test, it can be inferred that oxidation of plating surface was the main reason for nonwetting, and corrosion in Ni plating caused an adverse impact on solderalibity.