Crystallographic texture evolution during processing of hot dipped and diffusion annealed high silicon electrical steel
The texture of high Si and Al electrical steel produced by hot dipping and diffusion annealing can be significantly modified by the thermomechanical processing. The diffusion of Si and Al from the coating affects the final texture depending on the Si content of the substrate. In low Si substrates a phase transformation gamma-alpha is possible and two different textures are observed. Crystallographic texture is an important characteristic of electrical steel. For the production route described here, a modification of the thermomechanical processing has an important influence on texture development. Further investigation shows how far can be gone in order to reduce the magnetic losses through an advanced texture control.
Chemical and Physical Interactions of Si-Rich Steel Substrates during Hot Dipping Experiments in a Molten Al-(25 wt%)Si Alloy
The chemical and physical interaction between Fe-Si alloys in the range 0-3.8 Si wt% and a molten Al-(Si 25wt%) alloy at 800 °C has been studied for different reaction times (from 0.1 to 200s) by hot dipping tests. Several intermetallic phases have been identified, Fe2Al5, τ1-Al3Fe3Si2, τ2-Al12Fe6Si5, τ3- Al2FeSi and τ4- Al3FeSi2, which already were reported in the literature dealing with the interaction between iron and molten Al-Si alloys. In addition an ordered phase Fe3Si (D03) appears in contact with the Fe-Si substrate. Diffusion reaction and solidification phenomena appear to be involved in the developing of the coating. The growth kinetic has been studied and diffusion appears as the step controlling the intermetallic compounds growth. Special attention was paid to the effect of the microstructure of the dipped sheet on the interaction with the molten alloy. The higher deformed structures react faster; this effect can be explained by the faster diffusion through high diffusivity paths like grain boundaries and dislocations.
Chromatographic analysis of elastomer antidegradants and accelerators
Summary The use of various chromatographic methods in the analysis of all classes of elastomer antidegradants and accelerators is reviewed. The review of extraction methods is also included.