Study on preparing fatty acid by hydrolyzing Jatropha Curcasl Oil with lipase
Used tween-80 as emulsifier, industrial lipase as catalyst to hydrolyze Jatropha Curcasl Oil and make mixed fatty acid. We discussed the enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, temperature and time on hydrolysis. Through the experiment, we found that when we used emulsifier which contains 2% oil in the system, we could get the optimal parameter for hydrolysis of waste oil from restaurants as follows: concentration of catalyst 4% (W/W), weight ratio of oil to water 1:4 (W/W), temperature at 40°C, and hydrolysis time is 32h. Under these conditions, the AV(acid value) of hydrolyzed rapeseed oil reached 163.2 mg KOH/g, and hydrolytic rate arrived at 89.6%.
Study on Preparing Fatty Acids by Lipase Hydrolysis Waste Oil from Restaurants
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Spatial distribution of root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) in a long-term no-till cropping system and their relationship with soil and landscape properties
The Cook Agronomy Farm of Washington State University is a long-term precision agriculture study site. Since 2000, the farm has been in various three-year no-till rotations with winter wheat, spring wheat, and various rotation crops such as barley, canola, peas, lentils, and chickpea. The spatial distribution of root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) and their relationships with soil and terrain variables were studied by collecting soil samples at 127 and 124 geo-referenced points in two 12-ha fields during the spring of 2010 and 2011, respectively. Pratylenchus spp. were detected in more than 85% of the sampled locations in both fields. Nematode densities spatially mapped using ArcGIS software occurred in an aggregated pattern. Previous rotation crops had no effect on the spatial distribution. Classification and regression tree analysis (CART) using soil and terrain variables, and nematode density, explained 61 and 34% of the variability associated with nematode density in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Soil edaphic factors, such as organic matter, were stronger predictors of nematode populations than rotation effects.