Financial needs and problems of university and research laboratory libraries in India
In the developing knowledge society and emerging electronic environment, university and research laboratory libraries in India are facing several challenging situations and problems. Due to unavailability of funds, libraries are finding difficulties not only in modernising and restructuring their work operations but also in maintaining traditional services to their users. The rising cost of reading material and currency fluctuations considerably reduce the purchasing power of libraries while growing user demand and additional requirements for modernisation put many libraries in a predicament. This paper discusses the financial problems of university and research laboratory libraries in India in general and describes case studies of such problems faced by the University of Jammu library and the Regional Research Laboratory Library, Jammu.
Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization for Materials Budget Allocation in Academic Libraries
We formulate the problem of materials budget allocation for academic libraries by way of the mathematical programming model and design an effective algorithm using discrete particle swarm optimization to resolve the problem. The objective function is to maximize the average preferences of materials selection subjected to the constraints of material costs and required amounts in specified categories. For the comparison purpose, CPLEX, a linear programming software package, and a greedy algorithm are applied to obtain optimal or approximate solutions. The computation results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed DPSO algorithm in dealing with the materials budget allocation problem.
XV. Notes on the Geological Survey Memoir—“The Geology of the Glasgow District.”
Introductory. During the late summer the Geological Survey issued a map of the Glasgow district which will prove a boon not only to the members of this Society, but also to the increasing number of those who, although not members, still take an interest in geology as a branch of liberal education. The present map differs from its predecessors in that it is colour-printed, and the printing and general details are brought out more clearly than was possible in the hand-coloured maps. This fact has been taken advantage of to add an enormous amount of detail, which is often of such a minute character that after study one feels inclined to wish that he were gifted with microscopic eyes or that the map had been drawn to a larger scale. Not the least of its benefits is the low price at which it is sold (2s. on paper, and 3s. on cloth), the price of the previous maps having lately become prohibitive (19s. 3d. on paper). It will be observed that the long way of the map is from north to south. This has doubtless been adopted for good and sufficient reasons, if we only knew them; but I, at least, would have preferred that the long way should have been east and west, with Glasgow in the centre. The map is accompanied by an extensive memoir of the geology of the district, and the more one reads of it the more one is impressed with the This 250-word extract was created in the absence of an abstract