Handbook of Research on Stock Market Globalization
The stock market globalization process has produced historic changes in the structure of stock markets, the effects of which are evident throughout the world. Despite these transformations, there are relatively few sources examining the connections between the globalization process currently under way and previous periods of stock market globalization. This seminal volume fills that gap.
Identifying Bubbles in Latin American Equity Markets: Phillips-Perron-based Tests and Linkages
The identification of periods of price exuberance in equity markets is of great interest to policy makers and financial investors. In this paper, we identify financial bubble periods within the major equity markets in Latin America. We use the recently developed recursive Augmented Dickey-Fuller methods and propose similar recursive procedures based on Phillips-Perron. We find that conditional on bubbles in the S&P 500, there are strong links between bubble episodes across equity markets in Latin America. In addition, the financial bubble periods in Latin America begin earlier and last longer than bubble periods in the United States during the 2008 financial crisis. Price bubbles were identified prior to the establishment of the Integrated Latin American Market (MILA).
Snowboarding Injuries.
In brief The authors studied data from 415 injured snowboarders to determine injury patterns. Injuries were evenly distributed between upper and lower extremities, and 41% were fractures. The wrist was the most common injury site. Snowboarders wearing hard-shell boots were more likely to injure their knees; those wearing soft boots, their ankles. In a nonstatistical comparison, snowboarders' injury rates were similar to Alpine skiers', but boarders were more likely than skiers to injure their upper extremities.