The Right to a Fair Trial in China: The Criminal Procedure Law of 1996
Over a decade ago, the promulgation of the 1996 Criminal Procedure Law drastically improved the criminal justice system in China by introducing some key rights and procedural safeguards for criminal defendants. Unfortunately, in practice many of the rights introduced lacked real substance. The reforms were intended to introduce aspects of the adversarial system of justice to the historically inquisitorial system, however the safeguards introduced lacked the necessary guarantees to ensure compliance and the right to a fair trial is still far from a reality for China’s criminal defendants.
Legal Transplants in Chinese Criminal Law : The Dilution of Due Process Across National Boundaries
..........................................................................................5 INTRODUCTION...................................................................................6 LITERATURE REVIEW............................................................................7 Rule of Law or Rule by Law?..........................................................7 The Pluralistic Structure of the Chinese Criminal Courts..................11 Legal Transplants: A Definition....................................................13 Due Process in the U.S. ..............................................................15 METHODOLOGY.................................................................................15 The Classical Theory of Path Dependence.....................................18 Recursivity of Law..........................................................................20 FINDINGS...............................................................................................23 Recursive Path Dependence..............................................................23 1978-1979 Criminal Law....................................................................24 1996-1997 Due Process Transplants..................................................25 2012-2013 Criminal Procedural Law Revisions...................................30 Li Zhuang Case (李庄案, Li Zhuang an)...............................................31 Qualitative Interviews Results............................................................35 LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH......................................................38 CONCLUSION........................................................................................39 WORKS CITED.............................................................................................41 APPENDIX A................................................................................................46 APPENDIX B................................................................................................48
The Area of Freedom, Security and Justice ten years on: Successes and future challenges under the Stockholm Programme. CEPS Paperbacks. June 2010
This book celebrates the tenth anniversary of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ) by bringing together the views of key practitioners and policy-makers who have played an outstanding role in thinking about and shaping EU policies on freedom, security and justice. 
 
Ten years ago, the member states transferred competences to the EU for law and policy-making in the fields of immigration, asylum and border controls, and began the transfer process for criminal justice and policing. This decade of European cooperation on AFSJ policies has experienced very dynamic convergence, the enactment of a large body of European law and the setting-up of numerous EU agencies working in these domains. Such dynamism in policy-making has not been without challenges and vulnerabilities, however. As this collective volume shows, the main dilemmas that lie ahead relate to an effective (while more plural) institutional framework under the Treaty of Lisbon, stronger judicial scrutiny through a greater role for national courts and the Court of Justice in Luxembourg, better mechanisms for evaluating and monitoring the implementation of EU AFSJ law and a more solid fundamental rights strategy. The contributions in this volume address the progress achieved so far in these policy areas, identify the challenges for future European cooperation in the AFSJ and put forward possible paths for making more progress in the next generation of the EU’s AFSJ.