ARACHNOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FOR GLACIAL REFUGIA IN THE BAVARIAN ALPS
MUSTER C.: Arachnological evidence for glacial refugia in the Bavarian Alps. In GAJDOS P., PEKAR S. (eds): Proceedings of the 18th European Colloquium of Arachnology, Stara Lesna, 1999. Ekologia (Bratislava), Vol. 19, Supplement 3/2000, p. 181-192. According to geomorphological conclusions some regions of the Bavarian Alps remained free of ice during the Pleistocene glaciations. The current concepts of phytogeography acknowledge plant survival during cryocratic periods in Bavarian massifs de refuge as well as on the nunatak system. Hitherto in zoogeography, little proof has been offered in support of these assumptions. According to recent investigations the distribution areas of the arachnids Cryphoeca lichenum nigerrima (Hahniidae) and Megabunus lesserti (Phalangiidae) suggest continuous inhabitation of Bavarian refugia since interglacial times. Especially in the Ammergau refugium the persistance of animal life during the last glaciation could be confirmed.
Spinnen-Neunachweise für Deutschland aus den Bayerischen Alpen (Araneae: Linyphiidae, Hahniidae, Gnaphosidae, Salticidae)
First records of spiders from the Bavarian Alps (Germany) (Araneae: Linyphiidae, Hahniidae, Gnaphosidae, Salticidae). The arachnofaunistic exploration of the German Alps is still in process. Recent investigations in subalpine and alpine habitats of Bavaria yielded 13 species new to Germany. For 5 taxa the collecting sites are reported, together with comments on general distribution and ecology. Cryphoeca Iichenum nigerrima is a locally-endemic relict, which probably has survived glaciation on the nunatak system. Its distribution area is restricted to few mountain-ranges in the Northem Calcareous Alps, comprising less than 2500 qkm. Two species,Erigone cristatopalpus and Talavera monticola, are endemic to the Alps and adjoining mountains. Micaria aenea shows a boreomontane disjunction. He/iophanus Iineiventris is widely distributed in the southern Palearctic.
A revision of the American spiders of the genus Micaria (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). American Museum novitates ; ; no. 2916.
The 43 known American species of Micaria, found from Alaska to southern Mexico, are diagnosed and illustrated. A cladistic analysis of 22 genitalic characters clusters 30 species into six groups and resolves most of the internal structure of the two largest species groups. Four Palearctic species are newly recorded from North America: M. tripunctata Holm, M. alpina L. Koch, M. rossica Thorell, and M. aenea Thorell. Fourteen specific names are newly synonymized: M. perfecta Banks with M. pulicaria (Sundevall); M. eltoni Jackson with M. constricta Emerton; M. rowani Gertsch and M. jacksonia Levi and Levi, both with M. coloradensis Banks; M. swansoni Gertsch and Mulaik and M. petrunkevitchi Bryant, both with M. punctata Banks; M. salina Gertsch with M. utahna Gertsch; M. albocincta Banks with M. rossica Thorell; M. altana Gertsch with M. foxi Gertsch; M. tetonia Levi and Levi with M. aenea Thorell; M. formicula Roewer with M. palliditarsus Banks; M. alberta Gertsch with M. longipes Emerton; M. apacheana Gertsch with M. emertoni Gertsch; and M. melanopa Gertsch and Davis with M. deserticola Gertsch. Fourteen new species are described: M. lassena, M. idana, M. medica, M. capistrano, M. cimarron, M. camargo, M. pasadena, M. nye, M. langtry, M. otero, M. porta, M. pa/ma, M. icenoglei, and M. mexicana. The males ofM. palliditarsus Banks, M. gosiuta Gertsch, M. seminola Gertsch, and M. riggsi Gertsch, and the females of M. mormon Gertsch, M. imperiosa Gertsch, and M. nanella Gertsch are described for