DETERMINATION OF BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PROTECTIVE LAYERS BASED ON POLYMERIC NANOFIBERS
This work focuses on a basic research in developing new class of protective layers for building materials based on polymeric nanofibers. Nonwoven nanotextiles are fibers with diameter spanned from tens to hundreds of nanometers. Thin films consisting of suitable polymer-based nanofibers were prepared using NANOSPIDER equipment. Applied technology is unable to fully guarantee quality (homogeneity, thickness, etc.) of the protective coating. Traditionally used technologies –such as painting or spraying – are not too effective and the separation of protective coating or loosing of protective properties is frequently observed.
Modeling Interior Environment of Historical Building and Determination of Critical Places for Application of Nanotextiles Protection
Reconstruction of internal plaster in historical buildings belongs to significant and obvious treatment in a landmark area that helps protect irreplaceable cultural resources. Original form of historical buildings has been usually altered over time and alterations are an important part of the building's history. These interventions don ́t often respect the basic function of interior. Results of these changes cause plaster and painting decay, slow air flow and higher air moisture concentration. Computer simulation plays major role in determining places where is necessary to apply surface protection that will preserve the valuable interior surface against negative influences such as high level of moisture, fungus, chemical reactions etc. Abatement of negative influences within historic buildings requires particular care if important historic finishes are not to be adversely affected. Reconstruction of historical interiors should be designed to minimize visual changes to a historic building. Choosing the most appropriate treatment for a historical building requires careful decision making about using of appropriate material for renovation. Using of nanofibers should be minimal modifications to the historic appearance and protect from negative influences.
Levels of selected organic compounds in materials for candle production and human exposure to candle emissions.
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), dibenzofurans (PCDF) selected chlorinated pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and some volatile organic compounds (VOC) were analysed in the exhaust fumes of candles made from different waxes and finishing materials. To guarantee defined burning conditions a chamber was developed for the sampling of the exhaust fumes. Using a simple exposure model, the inhalative uptake of PCDD/PCDF by an adult person was calculated for different scenarios. It was shown that additional uptake of PCDD/PCDF caused by candle emissions does not contribute significantly to the total daily intake of these compounds. Emissions of PCDD/PCDF, benzo(a)pyrene and the VOC were then compared to limit value for working places. Even when many candles would be burnt at the same time in a small room, concentrations of the compounds investigated stay below 1% of the tolerable limit values.