Millimeter-wave signal generation device based on difference frequency generation in a LiTaO3 rectangular waveguide
We have proposed a new DFG-based signal generation device in a LiTaO3 rectangular waveguide. 15 GHz signal was successfully generated from the fabricated device. In this paper, its application for higher-frequency signal generation is discussed.
Generation of CW Millimeter Wave Signals in a Lithium Niobate Nonlinear Optical Waveguide Using Modulated Optical Input
The generation of CW millimeter wave signals is observed in a LiNbO3 nonlinear optical waveguide. Optical light that has two frequency components is introduced into an optical waveguide, and the millimeter waves which are generated are obtained from the terminal connected to the metallic traveling waveguide. This configuration is made with a LiNbO3 commercial phase modulator. Millimeter waves are generated at frequencies up to 40 GHz. This is the first report of CW millimeter wave generation in a nonlinear ferroelectric waveguide, to our knowledge. A comparison of the measured signal levels with theoretically estimated ones is discussed.
Enumeration of total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and Escherichia coli in foods by hydrophobic grid membrane filter: supplementary report.
Raw, comminuted poultry meat was used to determine the specificity of the media and incubation conditions used in the hydrophobic grid membrane filter method. Confirmation rates for target colonies were 100% for total coliforms, 98% for fecal coliforms, and 97-99% for Escherichia coli. The results of total coliform enumeration in 30 pasteurized milk samples by both the hydrophobic grid membrane filter method and AOAC method 46.013-46.016 are also reported.