La fabrique du « soldat-citoyen » à travers la conscription en Turquie
This paper examines how the disciplinary mechanisms of the Turkish army can produce a transformation in the habitus of the conscripts. As a total institution, the military institution integrates and normalizes the conscripts through rites, control of time, horizontal surveillance between conscripts, and corporal punishments. The paper argues that the effects of military service are, nonetheless, not homogenous. This is primarily because of differences in the initial social profile of the conscripts, which produce different resources. Thus it is possible to suggest a typology of the different adaptative strategies of the conscripts. Finally, the article argues that this socialization in the military is part of a larger process of the building of a national habitus in Turkey.
Les rites comme actes d'institution
The Instituting rites. What does the rite of passage separate ? A before and an after — circumcision, for example — or those the rite concerns and those it does not — men and women. In the crossing of the line, should one consider the crossing, as the expression «rite of passage» implies, or the line itself, the arbitrary limit which the rite of institution — in the active sense of «instituting» — consecrates and legitimates ? The instituting rite, an act of social magic, owes its symbolic efficacy to the fact that it signifies to a man what he is and what he has to be : «become what you are». The work of institution is a process of inculcation which treats the body as a memory so as to induce a second nature : social function.
Same Same But Different - also in Europe! A New Methodological Approach in Cross-Country Analysis of Communication Structuresapplied to five EU member states
The EU still lacks a truly European public sphere. On this level, there is still a clear lack of integration between individual member states. This means that national public spheres and cultures are still of great importance for European communication and media professionals. Comparative research into the similarities and differences between different nations is therefore valuable for cross-border PR communication activities. This paper lays out the methodological foundation for such research, discussing possible approaches and difficulties associated with comparative research. The author then introduces a potential heuristic framework for comparative analysis: the International Corporate Communication Compass. This framework is applied to five case-study EU countries (Denmark, Germany, France, Poland and the UK), showing the differences and similarities in a range of different contexts that affect public communication in all its forms. The conclusion examines how the results of such studies could be used in order to compare communication identities of different countries. This can potentially help in the development of a European public identity on the long run and in a first step can led towards a better, more adapted communication structure about European citizenship. Ultimately, communication structures within the EU might become more Europeanized than they