Reforming public management in Ukraine
Ascertains the viability of adapting the American university‐based public service concept to countries of the former Soviet Union. Toward this end, a heuristic model is presented. The model for university‐based public service and outreach shows initial viability in the Ukrainian examples. While the range of administrative and societal problems facing the Ukraine and other countries of the former Soviet Union is formidable, it appears that university‐based public service activities can play a part in reform activities aimed at their amelioration.
Resistance to Change in the Soviet Economic System : A property rights approach
Part 1 Apparatchiks and bureaucrats - main beneficiaries of status quo: who gains from status quo and why? when and how reforms and changes fail - on modus operandi of "counter-reformers" predicting outcomes. Part 2 Rent dissipation at enterprise level - its impact on reforms and changes: how ruler's rents sets dissapated - who gets what and how in STE enterprises measurement without markets maangers - rent-seeking, loyalty and position in the "Soviet contract". Part 3 Industry as prime rent-seeking area for apparatchiks and bureaucrats: large industrial enterprises - a case of aggregate political clout political clout and resource allocation soft budget constraint and aggregate political clout - a reinterpretation long-term decline of the soviet system and recent manoeuvres around property rights structure. Part 4 Softening the resistance to change - the buyout proposal: outline of the buyout proposal cost of the buyout, parties to the contract and financing the bill the buyout proposal - probability, efficiency and other issues.
Cambodian refugee health care beliefs and practices.
Since 1975, when refugees from Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia first began coming to the United States, many articles have been written about Southeast Asian or Indochinese refugees and health care. A careful review of the literature shows that most of these articles have one thing in common: they are written primarily about Vietnamese and do not address the unique health care beliefs and practices of Lao or Cambodian refugees.1 Although some beliefs and practices are common to most Southeast Asians, many are not. Understanding at least that differences exist, and hopefully what some specific differences are, will allow nurses and others to give better care to the various people commonly grouped together as Southeast Asians. This article will introduce readers to some Cambodian beliefs and practices related to health care. Of the principle refugee groups admitted to the U.S. since 1975, the Cambodians are presenting the greatest challenges to health care providers. Cambodians are usually poorly understood by Americans, their health status statistics are hidden among the broad category of "Asian-Pacific Islanders" or "Indochinese Refugees," and cultural and institutional barriers combine to make access to care an overwhelming problem. The end results, of course, are more problems and more expense for the Cambodians, increased stress placed on an already terribly overstressed people, and ultimately greater demands and expense placed on the health care system. One of the most common misunderstandings about Cambodians is that they (and Lao) are basically the same as the Vietnamese. "They speak the same dialect don't they?" There are some similarities, but there are also very significant differences.