A Fast and Universal Vlasov Solver for Beam Dynamics Simulations in 3D
The Vlasov equation can describe the evolution of a particle density under the effects of electromagnetic fields and thus it is possible to describe the evolution of a charged particle beam within an accelerator beam line. The Vlasov equation forms a partial differential equation in a 6D phase space witch renders it very expensive if it is solved via classical methods. A more efficient approach consists in representing the particle distribution function by a discrete set of characteristic moments. For each moment a time evolution equation can be stated. These ordinary differential equations can then be integrated efficiently by means of numerical methods if all acting forces together with a proper initial condition are given. The beam dynamics simulation tool V-Code has been implemented at TEMF on the basis of the moment approach. In this paper the numerical model, main features and designated use cases of the V-Code will be presented.
Fundamentals of Plasma Physics
Preface 1. Basic concepts 2. The Vlasov, two-fluid, and MHD models of plasma dynamics 3. Motion of a single plasma particle 4. Elementary plasma waves 5. Streaming instabilities and the Landau problem 6. Cold plasma waves in a magnetized plasma 7. Waves in inhomogeneous plasmas and wave energy relations 8. Vlasov theory of warm electrostatic waves in a magnetized plasma 9. MHD equilibria 10. Stability of static MHD equilibria 11. Magnetic helicity interpreted and Woltjer-Taylor relaxation 12. Magnetic reconnection 13. Fokker-Planck theory of collisions 14. Wave-particle nonlinearities 15. Wave-wave nonlinearities 16. Non-neutral plasmas 17. Dusty plasmas Appendix A. Intuitive method for vector calculus identities Appendix B. Vector calculus in orthogonal curvilinear coordinates Appendix C. Frequently used physical constants and formulae Bibliography References Index.
Pasteurella haemolytica serotype 1 colonization of the nasal passages of virus-infected calves.
Nasal passages of calves with a virus-induced respiratory tract disease became colonized by Pasteurella haemolytica serotype 1 after they were inoculated intranasally with P haemolytica. Inoculation with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus caused a more severe clinical illness and resulted in a greater degree of colonization with P haemolytica than developed after inoculation with parainfluenza-3 virus. Nasal passages of parainfluenza-3 virus-inoculated calves were colonized to a greater degree with P haemolytica than were those of healthy, nonstressed calves. Calves were susceptible to P haemolytica colonization during or shortly after virus-induced illness, even though they had been previously exposed to P haemolytica and had serum antibody and nasal secretion antibody to P haemolytica.