The potential for ore , industrial minerals and commercial stones in the Simpevarp area
This report concerns a study which was conducted for SKB. The conclusions and viewpoints presented in the report are those of the author and do not necessarily coincide with those of the client. Summary On behalf of Svensk Kärnbränslehantering AB, SKB (the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company), a survey has been made of existing information concerning the potential for ore, industrial minerals and commercial stones in and around the two candidate areas for a deep repository in Oskarshamn. A deep repository for spent nuclear fuel should not be located in a rock type or in an area where mineral extraction might be considered in the future, since this would make it difficult or impossible to exploit this natural resource. Avoiding such areas reduces the risk that people in the future will come into contact with the deep repository through mineral prospecting or mining activities. The survey has made use of the geoscientific information compiled in the more regional investigations in Oskarshamn Municipality in 1998–99. The new information after the municipal study includes extensive geophysical measurements from both the air and the ground. The results of the recently completed geophysical helicopter survey of the Simpevarp area are presented in a special chapter. The judgement of an area's ore potential is in part based on the evaluation of these geophysical measurements. In order to be better able to judge the ore potential, a geochemical investigation of soil samples, including reanalysing of older samples collected by the Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU), has been carried out. The report also discusses prospecting efforts in the area as well as relevant Swedish mining legislation. In cooperation with SGU a mineral resource map of the Simpevarp area has been prepared. The map shows two areas with a potential for commercial stones, namely the granites at Götemar and Uthammar, situated in the northernmost respectively the southernmost part of the study area. Furthermore, the Götemar granite has probably a small potential for ores containing tin (Sn) and/or wolfram (W). Although no mineralisations of this type have so far been found, the Götemar granite area may be unsuitable or for siting a deep repository. The Simpevarp regional model area is covered mainly by intrusive rocks that vary in composition from granite to quartz monzodiorite. Except for Götemar granite the Simpevarp area has no ore potential, and the two sub-areas Laxemar respective Simpevarp situated inside the study area, …
The Götemar massif in south-eastern Sweden: A reconnaissance survey
The Gotemar massif forms an intrusion into the Smaland granites of south-eastern Sweden. It is roughly circular in section and displays with its system of joints and dykes a beautiful example of gr...
On the use of the Hardening Soil Small Strain model in geotechnical practice
This article highlights the importance of using advanced constitutive soil models in numerical modelling as daily geotechnical practice. In this context, the Hardening Soil (HS) model is presented as the most advanced soil model implemented in the ZSoil finite element code. The article recalls the basic features of the HS model and it explains their role in numerical simulations. The role of pre-failure non-linear behaviour of soils is also discussed. An application of the HS model is illustrated on typical geotechnical problems such as retaining wall excavation, tunnel excavation and undrained loading followed by consolidation.