The digital data acquisition chain and the cosmic ray trigger system for the SLD Warm Iron Calorimeter
The entire data-acquisition chain, from the custom-made front-end electronics to the Fastbus readout and data-reduction module, for the digital readout of the SLD limited streamer tube Warm Iron Calorimeter and Muon Identifier is described. Also described is a Fastbus Cosmic Logic Unit being developed to achieve the capability of reading cosmic ray events, also during the inter-crossing time, for apparatus monitoring and calibration purposes. 9 refs., 9 figs.
The strips readout electronics and the general on-line strategy of the SLD warm iron calorimeter
Abstract We report on the design, testing and commissioning of the strips readout electronics (∼ 80, 000 channels) of the Warm Iron Calorimeter for the SLD[1] detector at SLAC. The general strategy of the WIC acquisition system is also outlined.
Spray drying of dairy products: state of the art
Milk is extremely perishable, and yet, for a number of reasons, it has to be preserved for later consumption. The removal of water prevents the growth of micro-organisms and facilitates pres- ervation and storage of milk constituents. Spray drying is one of the most convenient techniques for producing milk powders and for stabilizing milk constituents. Before spray drying, the milk under- goes several processes (such as heat treatment, cream separation, membrane processes, vacuum evap- oration and homogenization). The chemical, physical, technological, nutritional, functional and microbiological properties of final products are influenced by a number of factors such as operating conditions, properties of the dairy products and storage conditions. The aim of this review is to de- scribe the process of spray drying of dairy products and to review the present and recent advance- ments of knowledge on the properties of spray-dried milk products, on modelling and water transfer simulation (drying and rehydration), dairy powders and the spray drying equipment and energy con- sumption.