A Whirlwind in Occupied Holland
Penicillin was transformed from a laboratory curiosity to the first massproduced antibacterial chemotherapeutic agent during the Second World War. Popular accounts of this process, particularly those that appeared immediately after the war, have tended to cast events as a continuous series of related breakthroughs. However, there were several independent attempts in Europe to produce penicillin during World War II, but none except the Anglo-American effort proved successful. Despite attention focusing on that successful venture, those other wartime efforts reveal something of the human capacity for resourcefulness in straightened circumstances and during a period of censorship.
Allied intelligence reports on wartime German penicillin research and production
La production industrielle de la penicilline pendant la seconde guerre mondiale fut l'une des grandes reussites de la science et de la technologie anglo-americaine. Dans le meme temps, la tentative de production en masse de la penicilline par les allemands echoua. L'article reunit des documents provenant des deux agences de renseignements americaine et anglaise concernant cet echec et s'attache a presenter un historique de l'evolution de la production a grande echelle de la penicilline tout en discutant de la recherche scientifique allemande pendant la guerre.
Reconceptualizing Vagrancy and Reconstructing the Vagrant: A Socio-Legal Analysis of Criminal Law Reform in Canada, 1953-1972
This article explores significant reforms to the vagrancy section of the Criminal Code during the mid-to-late twentieth century. By locating the reforms within their unique social, political, and economic climates, I examine how they reconceptualized the offence of vagrancy and concomitantly reconstructed the vagrant as a social problem. The reforms played a seminal role in reducing the number of vagrancy offences, eventually leading to the demise of vagrancy in the criminal law. Yet, while the "vagrant" ceased to exist in the law, the law still continues to preserve vestiges of the vagrant in a highly gendered manner.