A Data Replenishment Method for Self Regulating Sail-Assisted Ships Considering Big Data
The concept of intelligent sail-assisted ships based on big data comes to people's mind gradually. Data loss and distortion cannot be avoided during data collecting and preprocessing process. In this paper, a data replenishment method based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is proposed and simulation cases are done to explain the method
OPERATING PERFORMANCE OF A SAIL EQUIPPED TANKER IN WAVES AND WIND
Ship stability and the effect of sails on rolling have been studied in a newly-built, engine-powered, sail-assisted merchant ship. It was found that sail-damping may reduce the rolling angle in heavy rolling induced by waves.
Ozonation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in oil/water-emulsions: mass transfer and reaction kinetics.
The ozonation of highly condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) was studied in oil/water-emulsions, which are comparable to poorly water-soluble PAH in industrial wastewaters and at contaminated sites. As there was a lack of knowledge about the ozonation in oil/water-emulsions, first the ozone mass transfer was studied and optimized from the gas to the water phase and from the water to the oil phase. The ratio of mass transfer and oxidation reaction was determined by the Hatta-number and revealed a slow, quasi homogeneous reaction of ozone with PAH inside the oil droplets. Because the ozone gas concentration had no influence under the optimized conditions, the selective PAH-ozonation could be described microkinetically by a direct ozone reaction of pseudo-first order regarding PAH-concentrations. The determined PAH mean reaction rate constants of 1.02 min(-1) in oil/water-emulsions are in the upper range as found for PAH dissolved in water. These results give a new insight into the ozonation in the three-phase systems and into the treatment of highly condensed, hardly biodegradable PAH.