Modeling and control of level control process — A comparative study
Tank level control systems are everywhere. All of our process industries mostly depends on this tank level control systems. This paper deals with the modeling and control of a two tank liquid level control system. The considered non linear system is a Single Input Single Output (SISO) system. The goal of the level control is to track the desired level of liquid in to the second tank by controlling the flow rate of the first tank. The tanks are coupled in the interacting and non-interacting ways and a comparison is made between these two systems. The mathematical modeling is done by mass balance method and the PID controller is designed by the trial and error method. The system is simulated with both open loop and closed loop conditions. A comparative study of the time domain response of the two systems while using the PID controller is done by the MATLAB simulation.
PSO Optimized PID Controller Design for the Process Liquid Level Control
In modern industrial applications, the process liquid level needs to be maintained at a pre-defined level to achieve higher efficiency and final product quality. For uninterrupted electric power generation, the boiler tank water level has to be continuously controlled and monitored. The Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) is commonly used in such processes to attain better response. The PID Controllers have lesser development costs, superior features and yields in better system output. In this paper, the PID gain terms are tuned by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The PSO has simple concept, implementation is simple. The process liquid level control of a plant by conventional PID and PSO optimized PID controllers has been analyzed and quantitatively compared. The computer simulation results show far better settling time and peak values with PSO optimized PID control, thus ensuring overall higher efficiency.
Physical Principles of Wind Energy Conversion
The primary component of a wind turbine is the energy converter which transforms the kinetic energy contained in the moving air, into mechanical energy. For the initial discussions of principles, the exact nature of the energy converter is irrelevant. The extraction of mechanical energy from a stream of moving air with the help of a diskshaped, rotating wind energy converter follows its own basic rules.