Projecting the regional economic impacts of energy development
Changes in Federal energy policy create incidental economic impacts that affect output, income, employment, and other macro-economic variables which are largely ignored. A methodology for analyzing incidental multi-regional impacts uses the National Regional Impact Evaluation System (NRIES), which integrates 51 state econometric models into a national five-to-ten year framework to determine the implications of expanded coal use. The NRIES model simulates two advanced production scenarios at a single state (Montana) and a multiregional/national level. The effects of policy change appear as political and economic disruptions that cannot be contained within a single region. 14 references, 2 figures, 7 tables. (DCK)
National and Regional Energy Models
A review of large-scale energy models, most of which have been started during the 1970s and are still under development, uses a methodological approach to assess the use of econometric techniques to organize coherent information for decision makers. Basic similarities and differences are noted for a range of energy model systems, such as the Project Independence Evaluation System (PIES). The models described analyze both energy and macroeconomy and the energy sector alone. While no single approach is found to be best, cost and ease of use varied. Linkage of models is promising, but more documentation of performance testing is needed before they can be fully effective. Gary J. Koehler comments that the paper is more taxonomical and descriptive than methodological.
Agriculture and Intellectual Property Rights: Economic, Institutional and Implementation Issues in Biotechnology
1: Introduction, V Santaniello et al. 2: Patent and Other Private Legal Rights for Biotechnology Inventions (Intellectual Property Rights - IPR), D D Evenson, P.L.L.C., Washington, USA 3: Intellectual Property Rights of Plant Varieties and of Biotechnology in the European Union, V Santaniello 4: Intellectual Property Rights under the Convention on Biological Diversity, W Lesser, Cornell University, USA 5: An Economic Approach to Identifying An `Effective Sui Generis System' for Plant Variety Protection Under TRIPS, W Lesser 6: Recent Intellectual Property Rights Controversies and Issues at the CGIAR, S H Bragdon, IPGRI, Rome, Italy 7: Economics of Intellectual Property Rights for Agricultural Technology, R E Evenson 8: The Market Value of Farmers' Rights, R Mendelsohn, Yale University, USA 9: International Crop Breeding in a World of Proprietary Technology, B D Wright, University of California, USA 10: Knowledge Management and the Economics of Agricultural Biotechnology, D Zilberman and C Yarkin, University of California, USA and A Heiman, Hebrew University, Israel 11: Comparing Allocation of Resources in Public and Private Research, S Lemarie, Universite Pierre-Mendes, Grenoble, France 12: Biotechnology Inventions: What Can We Learn From Patents?, D K N Johnson, Wellesley College, Massachusetts, USA and V Santaniello 13: Biotechnology Inventions: Patent Data Evidence, A Zohrabyan, Yale University, USA and R E Evenson 14: Property Rights and Regulations for Transgenic Crops in North America, G Carlson and M Marra, North Carolina State University, USA 15: Intellectual Property Rights, Canola and Public Research in Canada, P W B Phillips, University of Saskatchewan, Canada