Full Color AM-LCDs on Flexible Glass Substrates
We have realized a full color 4-inch quarter-VGA amorphous Silicon AM-LCD on 75 μm flexible glass substrates. The overall thickness of the LC cell is <170 μm. With this work we demonstrate that the incorporated ultra-thin glass substrates have suitable properties to be compatible with a standard color AM-LCD process and achieve active matrix backplanes with reliable
P‐114: A Novel Curved LCD with Highly Durable and Slim Profile
We have developed curved liquid crystal display with highly durable glass substrates which are pretreated. Thin glasses lower than 0.5 mm thickness are too breakable to be applied to the mass production of LCDs. Thin Glass substrates for TFT‐LCD can be damaged by abnormal distortion during the process or curved LCD fabrication etc. A novel cell was prepared by lamination of flexible plastic or chemical treatment on the glass surface after polishing from 0.5 mm to 0.1 mm. We have developed 10.1 inch HDS‐LCD (highly durable and slim LCD) with 0.15 mm glass substrate, radius of curvature and maximum endurance weight are 33 cm and 2.8 kgf, respectively.
Neutron Residual Stress Measurements on Rail Sections for Different Production Conditions
Rail sectioning with subsequent neutron diffraction experiments has been used to assess residual stresses in the rails. In this study we present the results of neutron stress measurements performed at the NIST Center for Neutron Research (NCNR) on rail sections from rails that were produced under various conditions. Specifically, these are air-cooled, air-cooled and roller-straightened, head-hardened and head-hardened and roller-straightened. More significantly, a head-hardened and roller-straightened rail was also studied after service to elucidate evolution of the service-induced residual stresses. In the latter case both a transverse-cut slice and the central region of a 0.53 m long piece were studied. Measurements on this piece are the first in which triaxial stresses have been determined for an intact rail. Neutron strain measurements with 3×3×3 mm3 spatial resolution were successfully employed for transversally cut slices to verify the difference in the stress state depending on the production process. Although examination of slices allows determination of only two-dimensional stresses in the plane of the slice, additional measurements on obliquely-cut slices, which were also carried out, and utilization of FEM gives the possibility of reconstructing the full triaxial stress distribution. Together, these approaches provide a better understanding of rail fabrication and the possibility of improving the durability and safety of rails in the future.Copyright © 2004 by ASME