CORROSION INDUCED FAILURES IN PRESTRESSED CONCRETE STRUCTURES AND PREVENTATIVE MEASURES KORROSIONSBEDINGTE SCHÄDEN IN SPANNBETONKONSTRUK- TIONEN UND HIERAUS ABGELEITETE PRÄVENTIVMASSNAHMEN DOMMAGES EN CONSEQUENCE DE CORROSION DANS DES CONSTRUCTIONS EN BETON PRECONTRAINT ET DES MESURES PREVENTIVES
During the past 40 years in Germany some serious damages in postand pre-tensioned components have been occurred because of stress corrosion cracking of prestressing steel. Especially those problems caused a great stir, where the attendant circumstances of design, execution and building materials were not unusual. But the prestressing steel was unsuited to resist the inevitable conditions on construction site and inside the construction.
SPECIAL CORROSION PROBLEMS IN POST-TENSIONED STRUCTURES
Water in ungrouted ducts, which resulting from bleeding of fresh concrete, fulfils the best prerequisites for pitting and hydrogen induced stress corrosion. The report presents typical failures and discusses the circumstances of bleeding and fractures of prestressing steel. (A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 850834.
Neutron Residual Stress Measurements on Rail Sections for Different Production Conditions
Rail sectioning with subsequent neutron diffraction experiments has been used to assess residual stresses in the rails. In this study we present the results of neutron stress measurements performed at the NIST Center for Neutron Research (NCNR) on rail sections from rails that were produced under various conditions. Specifically, these are air-cooled, air-cooled and roller-straightened, head-hardened and head-hardened and roller-straightened. More significantly, a head-hardened and roller-straightened rail was also studied after service to elucidate evolution of the service-induced residual stresses. In the latter case both a transverse-cut slice and the central region of a 0.53 m long piece were studied. Measurements on this piece are the first in which triaxial stresses have been determined for an intact rail. Neutron strain measurements with 3×3×3 mm3 spatial resolution were successfully employed for transversally cut slices to verify the difference in the stress state depending on the production process. Although examination of slices allows determination of only two-dimensional stresses in the plane of the slice, additional measurements on obliquely-cut slices, which were also carried out, and utilization of FEM gives the possibility of reconstructing the full triaxial stress distribution. Together, these approaches provide a better understanding of rail fabrication and the possibility of improving the durability and safety of rails in the future.Copyright © 2004 by ASME