CONTROL, PREVENCIÓN Y REPRESIÓN ANTE EL LAVADO DE ACTIVOS EN EL PERÚ
The article is developed at this time seeking to develop dynamically and extends the theme of control, prevention and suppression of money laundering in Peru: it can also determine their effects on national economic and financial crisis. This project will evaluate three perspectives from the field of International Legal Framework and National Crime money laundering and related offenses, and treatment under Peruvian law and comparative law. It also interpreted the law that established the requirement for audited financial institutions to implement prevention mechanisms, oriented to avoid channeling funds of illicit origin through its operations and its commitment to the Financial Supervisory Authority as supervisor of the State, verify the functionality, appropriateness and effectiveness of these mechanisms. The article not only seeks to highlight the current regulation of laundering money or assets in Peru, but also demonstrate significant technical defects of legislative and policy approach, leading to propose some measures for better performance to the application of notable omissions in Additional provisions relating to parole control. If the assessment and analysis of the results of the investigation determined that these internal control systems of the various regulatory bodies are not capable of understanding the integral control, we propose a model of control system, with their respective implementation methodology that seeks to implement control warning or prevention at different organizational levels to money laundering.
Lavado de Activos: Situación Actual del Ecuador Frente al GAFI (Money Laundering: Current Situation of Ecuador Against the FATF)
<b>Spanish Abstract:</b> El escenario actual del Ecuador, referente al delito de lavado de activos, ha sido analizado mediante un recuento de las principales normas jurídico administrativas emitidas en alusión a la prevención de éste delito en los diferentes sujetos obligados por el período 2010-2015, mediante la recopilación y análisis tanto de estándares internacionales, así como de normativa nacional, obteniendo como resultado la situación por la que está cruzando el país y la evaluación internacional que se le ha asignado, ya que los entes reguladores han emitido numerosa normativa y el propio organismo internacional reconoce el progreso significativo en la mejora de su régimen anti lavado de activos. Los entes reguladores han conminado insistentemente a los sujetos obligados para que cumplan la normativa emitida y se genere una verdadera cultura de prevención (algo similar a la cultura tributaria de las naciones), el avance es lento pero se ha logrado una conquista. Tampoco se puede obviar que la implementación de toda la normativa requerida, tiene un costo económico inherente en el sector societario, ya que los sujetos obligados deben invertir en tecnología que les permita establecer sus controles de una manera mucho más proactiva, situación que si bien es cierto ha sido superada en las instituciones financieras por su elevado margen de rentabilidad, no es comparable con el resto de sujetos obligados. <b>English Abstract:</b> The Ecuador current scenario, regarding the crime of money laundering, has been analyzed by counting the main administrative legal rules issued in reference to the prevention of crime in the various required subjects for the period 2010-2015, by collecting and analysis of both international standards and national legislation, resulting in the situation that is crossing the country and the international assessment that has been assigned as regulators have issued numerous regulations and the international organization itself admits significant progress in improving its anti money laundering regime. Regulators have repeatedly warned to regulated entities to comply with the rules issued and a genuine culture of prevention is generated (similar to the tax culture of nations), progress is slow but has made a conquest. Nor can we forget that the implementation of all required regulations, has an inherent economic costs in the corporate sector as regulated entities must invest in technology that allows them to set their controls in a more proactive way than if it is has been surpassed in some financial institutions for its high profit margin, it is not comparable with other entities.
Laminar heat or mass transfer in rectangular channels and in cylindrical tubes for fully developed flow: comparison of solutions obtained for various boundary conditions
Abstract A comparison is made of results obtained with various boundary conditions at the wall of the channels. By comparing blood Sherwood numbers for finite wall resistance with those for constant concentration boundary condition only a small variation is found for various points along the blood channel.