In-situ external reflection FTIR spectroelectrochemical and XPS investigations of cobalt-cyanometallates as inorganic polymeric materials on a platinum electrode.
Cobalt-cyanometallate films electrochemically deposited on a platinum electrode were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), in-situ FTIR spectroelectrochemistry (FTIRs) and potential resolved XPS measurements. The experimental results reveal that the CoHCF film on Pt electrode exists in two forms. The major form of the inner layer of the film is (M(+))(2)Co(II)Fe(II)(CN)(6) where M(+)denotes a cationic counter ion, in which both the Fe(2+)and Co(2+)centers can be oxidized to Fe(3+)and Co(3+)in the potential range of 0-1.0 V vs. Ag/AgCl in NaCl solution. The major form of the outer layer is Co(II)(2)Fe(II)(CN)(6), in which electrochemical reactions in this potential range are limited by kinetic sluggishness. The FTIR and XPS spectra indicated that the Co centers change from high-spin state to low-spin state accompanying the Co(2+)/Co(3+)oxidation reaction. In addition, the cations' effect on electrochemical reactions of CoHCF is also discussed.
In situ external reflection FTIR spectroelectrochemical investigation of poly(o-phenylenediamine) film coated on a platinum electrode
The electrochemically deposited poly(o-phenylenediamine) film on a Pt electrode has been investigated utilizing in situ external reflection FTIR spectroelectrochemistry technique. The prepared ladder polymer film is found to be partially ring-opened. The dopant ClO4- is evidenced to orient in such a way that more than one oxygen atom attach to the charge sites of the polymer. This suggests that positive charges of oxidized polymer are partially delocalized over the whole chains. The proton movement observed during the oxidation reaction is associated with the solvated MeCN molecule. It is proposed that the proton diffusion, dissolvation and protonation of the film may be essential to the electrochemical reduction reaction of the film. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Study on quantitative earthquake damage of Dujiangyan city, caused by 2008 MS=8.0 Wenchuan, China earthquake based on aerial imagery
The paper introduces quantitative earthquake damage estimation method based on remote sensing data. The quantitative remote sensing seismic damage index based on building damage extracted from the aerial image of Dujiangyan city proper, southwest China's Sichuan province, which acquired after 2008 Ms=8.0 Wenchuan earthquake. The actual seismic damage indices were determined by the ground-based investigation in the city proper. Then their quantitative relationship was established. The results indicate that it is possible to build quantitative model of remote sensing seismic damage, which will enhance significantly the practicality applying the remote sensing in emergency acquisition and analysis of seismic disaster.