Cooperation Levels in Caspian States’ Practice in the 1990s
The incompleteness of the Soviet–Iranian agreements and their conflicting interpretation raised doubt about the legality of the activities of Caspian littoral states in the 1990s. Actions taken by coastal states, often taken under the influence of mutually exclusive political and economic national interests of individual states, have an effect on all strategic areas of cooperation in the Caspian Sea, including the question of the setting of state borders, operating of ships and fisheries and degradation of natural resources and their transportation. This precarious situation alters already existing legal problems and creates new ones. Establishment of a uniform legally-binding document regulating the collaboration of states in the Caspian Sea basin is of tremendous importance for the political security of the entire region and its future economic development. Clarity and thus stability of the legal situation in the Caspian region is no less important for securing international investments in the extraction of Caspian resources, obtaining foreign loans as well as for the purchase of shares or exploitation rights to Caspian oil and gas fields. The introduction of legal standards and rules oriented towards peace and international legal standards would make an important contribution to the prevention of military solutions.
The Changing Law of Nations. Essays on International Law.
that international law here failed in its primary purpose of deterring the violation of agreed norms, he contends that it was later vindicated and its authority reaffirmed. In the third of the selected cases, the author examines the abduction of Adolf Eichmann from Argentina. As he sees it, Israel violated a clear norm of international law but was permitted to retain the fruits of its violation, subject to no sanction other than the exaction of an apology. In this sense, international law failed; but according to the author, if the case is viewed in a larger perspective, it emerges as one that made future violations of the same kind less likely and increased the influence of the United Nations in support of internatienal law. In the fourth case, the Cuban quarantine, the author seeks to explore the complex interaction among international law, policy, and diplomacy in their many ramifications. In Part Five, containing the concluding chapters, Mr. Henkin undertakes explicitly to refute the views of certain conspicuous and representative contemporary critics of international law, notably George Kennan and Professor Hans Morgenthau. The spirit of the study is empirical. The treatment is unavoidably impressionistic, given the size of the volume in relation to the magnitude and complexity of the subject. It is more likely to prove congenial to champions of international law than persuasive to its detractors. But the several matters treated are enriched by the author's penetration, balance and learning.
La inseguridad jurídica en normas de contratación estatal
It is established by different studies that the issue of government procurement has been marred by several factors, the test objective to publicize these factors, we take as starting point the constant conflict between the branches of government to try and organize this subject; will collect and analyze diverse regulatory and case material in order to achieve evidence and demonstrate the different concepts of constant change that produces excessive regulation of the subject procurement and is in turn causing rapid changes that result in legal uncertainty for our law on the Contract Status.