FCV Learning Demonstration: Project Midpoint Status and First-Generation Vehicle Results (Presentation)
The “Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation Project,” also known as the Fuel Cell Vehicle and Infrastructure Learning Demonstration, is a 5-year U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) project started in 2004. The purpose of this project is to conduct an integrated field validation that simultaneously examines the performance of fuel cell vehicles and the supporting hydrogen infrastructure. Four industry teams are currently operating more than 77 vehicles and 14 refueling stations, with plans to add over 50 additional vehicles and several additional refueling stations during the remainder of the project duration. This paper covers the progress accomplished by the demonstration and validation project since inception, including results from analysis of six months of new data. With three sets of public results having been presented previously, this paper comes at roughly the mid-point of the project, just as second-generation fuel cell stacks and vehicles are being introduced and some early vehicles are being retired. With many fuel cell stacks having accumulated well over 500 hours of real-world operation, there is now a higher level of confidence in the trends and projections relating to the durability and voltage degradation of these first-generation fuel cell stacks.Public results for this project are in the form of composite data products, which aggregate individual performance into a range that protects the intellectual property and the identity of each company, while still publishing overall status and progress. In addition to generating composite data products, NREL is performing additional analyses to provide detailed recommendations back to the R&D program. This includes analysis to identify sensitivities of fuel cell durability to factors such as vehicle duty cycle, number of on/off cycles, time at idle, and ambient temperature. An overview of this multivariate analysis and preliminary findings will be shared, with future project activities discussed.
Review on development and demonstration of hydrogen fuel cell scooters
The current development of fuel cell scooters has been reviewed in this paper. Fuel cell scooters, by nature, have zero emissions, and they have the potential to replace current petroleum-propelled engine scooters. First, the fundamentals of fuel cells, including the critical technologies pertaining to fuel cell engines and hydrogen storage, were introduced. Then, the technical feasibility of fuel cell scooters was discussed in parallel with the hydrogen infrastructure model. The accomplishments of fuel cell scooters in Taiwan were presented. Moreover, the contribution of replacing petrol scooters by hydrogen fuel cell scooters to reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and energy conservation was evaluated. Furthermore, industrial competition with regard to the development of fuel cell scooters was discussed on the basis of a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. In conclusion, with mature fuel cell technology together with solid foundation of the scooter industry, Taiwan offers conditions that were conducive for the development of fuel cell scooters. Its social and technical capability will be proved on account of the leading demonstrations of fuel cell scooters in the world. If it can develop a successful business model, Taiwan could enjoy the advantages of tapping the huge global market for zero-emission scooters.
Seismic and Sequence Analysis of Middle to Late Miocene Deposits of Northeast Java Basin
DOI: 10.17014/ijog.2.2.101- 110 This study is focused on Middle to Late Miocene sediments. As depicted in the regional geology of Indonesia, the area of study is part of Northeast Java Basin. There are three phases of tectonism in the basin: extensional tectonics at Eocene-Oligocene time, compressional tectonics at Middle Miocene, and compressional tectonics at Miocene-Pliocene time. The result of the study shows three sequences were developing during Middle to Late Miocene, those are: (1) Middle Miocene sequence-1 (MM-1 sequence) consisting of a Lowstand Tract System deposition in Middle Miocene-1 (LST MM-1), Transgressive System Tract deposition in Middle Miocene-1 (TST MM-1), and Highstand System Tract deposition in Middle Miocene-1 (HST MT-2); (2) Middle Miocene sequence-2 (MT-2 sequence), comprising Transgressive System Tract Middle Miocene-1 (TST MM-2), and Highstand System Tract deposition in Middle Miocene-1 (HST MM-2); (3) Late Miocene sequence-1 (LM-1 sequence), composed of a Lowstand Tract System deposition in Late Miocene -1 (LST LM-1) and a Transgressive System Tract deposition in Late Miocene-1 (TST LM-1).