Free Trade Today by Jagdish Bhagwati Princeton University Press, Princeton and Oxford, 2002, pp. 121. Free Trade under Fire by Douglas A. Irwin Princeton University Press, Princeton and Oxford, 2002, pp. 253.
Free Trade Today by Jagdish Bhagwati and Free Trade under Fire by Douglas A. Irwin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bijit Bora The Role of the World Trade Organization in Global Governance by Gary P. Sampson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miles Kahler The Political Economy of Environmental Protectionism by Achim Körber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Axel Michaelowa
WHAT CAN THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES INFER FROM THE URUGUAY ROUND MODELS FOR FUTURE NEGOTIATIONS
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Resource Allocation In R&D Departments
AbstractThis paper examines the problem of allocating funds within research and development organizations, where several departments and multiple research areas must be considered. Furthermore, impacts arising from budget shifts must be measured in terms of various factors or criteria that may be qualitative or quantitative. Using a particular research and development organization, Ontario Hydro, as a backdrop, we develop a framework for evaluating budget changes when (a) multiple criteria, (b) multiple opinions, and (c) qualitative factors are involved. A three stage procedure for budget allocation is proposed. In the first stage, management responses regarding the perceived impacts of budget changes are combined to arrive at a consensus. In stage two, the multiple criteria consensus values are used to derive an overall impact rating for each proposed budget shift pertaining to each of a set of research areas. Finally, in stage three an optimal subset of budget shifts is chosen from the set of all possib...