Triterpene glycosides of Cephalaria kotschyi and C. nachiczevanica
Methanolic extracts of the flowers and roots of each species were evaporated to dryness separately, the residues were dissolved in water, and the solutions were washed with chloroform and ethyl acetate and were then extracted with n-butanol. The concentrated butanolic extracts were purified by chromatography on KSK silica gel in the butan-l-ol-methanol (3:1) system. According to thin-layer chromatography (TLC) on silica gel in the butan-l-ol-methanoi--25% ammonia (10:2:5) system, the combined saponins isolated contained seven triterpene glycosides, which were called, in order of increasing polarity, cephalarosides A, B, C, D, E, F, and G. The compositions of the glycosides of the two plants proved to be identical.
Thin-layer chromatography of carbohydrates.
The separation of carbohydrates on thin layers of silica gel is due first of all to the type and quantity of impregnating salt. 
 
The results of chromatography of carbohydrates on thin layers of silica gel in the presence of sodium mono- and dihydrogen phosphate are often better than those of paper chromatography (e.g. a good separation of complex mixtures, less sensitivity to inorganic impurities, and faster separation). 
 
The present method can be recommended for the study of the monosaccharide composition of oligo- and polysaccharides.
“Social Media Misinformation”—An Epidemic within the COVID-19 Pandemic
"Social Media Misinformation"-An Epidemic within the COVID-19 Pandemic.