Model Systems and Models of Public Relations
Common practise claimed, that there should be stated certain models in outline for relations with public. The most important need is anchorage of united and strategic form of public relations, which will be integrated into the complex marketing communication of an organization. This need is reflected only in individual models of public relations, which can vary according to needs of an organization. Keywords-public relations; PR; models; model systems; marketing; communication
POST-DEMOCRATIC AND POST-JOURNALISTIC TENDENCIES IN POST-MILLENNIUM ERA
The author deals in her study with the activity crisis of current media companies conditioned by the transformation of media logic and crisis of democratic systems. She specifies the definition frame of basic terms – post-journalism, post-democracy, postmillennium era and analyses them on the background of mental atmosphere of the late modernism. She points out the social, political and media contexts leading to much more evident demonstrations of phenomena reflected by the social and scientific researchers in the second half of the last century. She sees the main cause of crisis phenomena in the growing processes of co-modification of media production, in formalization and stereotypization of approaches to media production, in the change of value hierarchy, growing secularization process and, at the same time, in the change of rules when gaining political power and dealing with it. The author formulates the main thesis according to which witness the legitimization and strengthening of post-journalism and post-democracy phenomena in current mental and cultural environment of Euro-Atlantic civilization radius. Based on facts, arguments and analyses, she was able to confirm it in the closing part of the study.
Improving water use in agriculture : experiences in the Middle East and North Africa
Emerging water shortages are of great concern in many countries of the region. As the agricultural sector is generally by far the most important water consumer and higher priority is given to meeting domestic and industrial water demands, it is to be expected that gradually less water will be available for agriculture. An overview is given of present system and on-farm water use efficiencies and the potential for water savings and yield increases through the use of improved distribution networks and more appropriate irrigation technologies for smallholders. The water conservation efforts of Israel, Cyprus and Jordan are examined in detail with respect to institutions, the irrigation infrastructure, water charges and demand management, operation and maintenance, irrigation scheduling and extension, technology development and transfer, the role of the private sector, quality control on irrigation equipment, land tenure and land consolidation, and water users associations. The World Bank's experience with lending for the irrigation sector in the region is also described. The elements that would need to be considered for inclusion in a national program for water conservation in the agricultural sector are identified.