IMPLEMENTATION OF PUAP PROGRAM (PENGEMBANGAN USAHA AGRIBISNIS PERDESAAN/ RURAL AGRIBUSINESS DEVELOPMENT EFFORT) IN NGAWI REGENCY
Implementation Of PUAP Program (Pengembangan Usaha Agribisnis Perdesaan/ Rural Agribusiness Development Effort) In Ngawi Regency. The Indonesian Government through the Ministry of agriculture in 2008 the new policy to overcome the basic problem faced released by the farmers through capital assistance given to Gapoktan (Gabungan Kelompok Tani/joint of farmer group) in poor villages, every Gapoktan receive donation Rp. 100.000.000,00 to  create Microfinance Institution-Agriculture (MFI-A). This policy is known as PUAP (Pengembangan Usaha Agribisnis Perdesaan/Rural Agribusiness Developement). In this research I want to analyze the implementation of PUAP program in Ngawi Regency in order to know why in such gapoktan this program can be well implemented while in others gapoktan cannot. And finally we can design the better implementation of PUAP program in Ngawi Regency. To conduct this research, I will start by stating two basic questions: What are the supporting factors implementations of the PUAP program? And what are constraining factors of implementations of the PUAP program?. The research result shows that the constraining factors consist of: Socialization process conducted by gapoktan still not optimal, The lack of an existing Penyelia Mitra Tani in Ngawi, The lack of willingness of the officials of gapoktan to work, no assessments from the government to actors involved in PUAP program, The abuse of authority by the officials of gapoktan, Bad appointment of bureaucrats in gapoktan, Lack of financial support, fragmentation among companions. While for supporting factors consist of : Principle of openness that has been implemented by official of gapoktan, Good behavior had by most of actors involved in the implementation of PUAP program.
Overcoming Obstacles to Agricultural Microfinance: Looking at Broader Issues
This paper presents a general picture of the difficulties in developing a sustainable lending service geared toward smallholder agriculture. Drawing on the experiences of the Philippines and other countries, it traces the rethinking of the agricultural credit policy following the collapse of subsidized agricultural credit programs, and the subsequent rise of microfinance, as pioneered by nongovernmental organizations. Acknowledging that the main challenge is not about the straightforward application of microfinance technologies to agriculture, the paper discusses how crafting an approach to sustainable agriculture microfinance is influenced by myriad of issues. The paper concludes that overcoming the barriers to agricultural microfinance goes beyond the simple provision of credit, extends outside agriculture, and shuns a "one size fits all" approach. To be able to deal with the complexity and risks in agriculture, rural lenders would have to innovate on their product design, lending technologies and risk management strategies; improve their information base; and strive to have access to market-based risk management products. Moreover, policymakers have to recognize and understand the peculiarities of the rural and agriculture sector, namely: information asymmetry, geographic dispersion, heterogeneity of the population, covariant risks, insecure property rights, and the absence of insurance markets and risk-reducing institutions.
The Use of Qualitative Information in Macro-Economic Policy Analysis
The majority of macro-economic policy models takes for granted that conflicts among objectives can be assessed by means of a tradeoff analysis. Such tradeoffs imply that sacrifices and benefits of various impacts of decisions can be measured on a cardinal scale, so that a conventional macro-economic utility or welfare analysis can be applied.