“Our Real Educated People:” Neoliberalism and Syria’s New Elites
This article summarizes how over a decade of economic liberalization resulted in increased socio-economic stratificaiton in Syria.  It then considers how that stratification has impacted Syria's current conflict.
Changing regime discourse and reform in Syria
1. Introduction: Changing Discourse under the Ba’th Raymond Hinnebusch 2. Ideology And Discourse in the Era of Ba’thist Reforms: Towards an Analysis of Authoritarian Governmentality Aurora Sottimano 3. It’s the Mentality, Stupid: Syria’s Turn to the Private Sector Kjetil Selvik
The Consequences of the Transformation on the Third World
The socialist system and its transformation have played a role of navigation for state and institution building. The purpose of this chapter is to investigate the consequences of the transformation on the Third World, the evolution of the Third World in the period of the transformation, and factors involved in the changing of developmental strategy, based on the dynamics of the developing economies. In particular, the East Asian countries including the socialist regimes like China (socialist market economy) and Vietnam (socialist-oriented market economy) have clearly shown a mutual linkage between the transformation and development. The changes in the Third World have strongly influenced the socialist transformation and in turn the transformation has had an impact on development strategy after the 1990s. Through the experiences of the Third World, I will draw some lessons common to the transformation. Changes in developing countries