A Study on Improving a Continuing Education for Public Librarians: Focusing on Privatized Public Libraries
This study aims to make suggestions on how to effectively provide continuing education for librarians in privatized public libraries. For this end, the study examined concepts and importance of continuing education. It then investigated a current status of education/training procedures provided by Librarian Training Division of the National Library of Korea, and continuing education programs for public librarians implemented by primary regional libraries. It also analyzed continuing education programs of library associations in the U.S. and the U.K. Based on these analyses, the study conducted a survey for a sample of librarians in privatized public libraries, identified problems of continuing education for them, and made recommendations for its improvement. 키워드: 위탁공공도서관, 사서, 계속교육, 재교육, 공공도서관 privatized public library, librarian, continuing education, reeducation, public library * ** 이화여자대학교 문헌정보학과 대학원(feelingpj@ewha.ac.kr) (제1저자) 이화여자대학교 문헌정보학과 교수(syly@ewha.ac.kr) (교신저자) 논문접수일자 : 2014년 3월 3일 논문심사일자 : 2014년 3월 3일 게재확정일자 : 2014년 3월 17일 한국비블리아학회지, 25(1): 363-395, 2014. [http://dx.doi.org/10.14699/kbiblia.2014.25.1.363] 364 한국비블리아학회지 제25권 제1호 2014
Analysis and Solution of Contracting out of Public Libraries in Korea
In most countries the public library run as a public institution and a symbolic icon for a democratic society. Therefore public library's publicity is absolutely essential value and profit should not be made on their maintenance. More recently, as the government's budget spending increase, however, many local governments contract out to manage an entire library or new library system. Three main reasons could be identified. Firstly, alternative solutions for maintenance were supposed to save money. Secondly, contracting out provides an opportunity to improve the quality of service delivery. Thirdly, central government and some local authorities had very strong ideological reasons for contracting out of the public libraries. However, nothing proved that alternative maintenance had caused lower cost and better services in Korea. In this paper, the reasoning of a move from the traditional form of public library governance is discussed, as well as the advantages and disadvantages contracting out of the public libraries, and suggested various practical solutions in Korea.
The unfolded universe of elementary particles. A geometric explanation of the standard model structure
We propose a geometric explanation of the standard model of Glashow, Weinberg and Salam for the known elementary particles. Our model is a generic Quantum Field Theory in dimension four, obtained by developing along a Lorentz sub-manifold the lagrangian of Einstein and Dirac in dimension twelve. The main mechanism which gives birth to the standard model is a certain gauge fixing of triality, which permits to identify the multiplicity of fermions, as seen from the four dimensional world, with the eight unseen dimensions of the generating universe. In this way we get the known tables of particles, explaining the series of fermions and the gauge bosons. We suggest that the Higgs field dynamics could appear through a bosonization of the right handed neutrino and correspond to a displacement in the unseen dimensions. We also propose hypotheses for dark matter, and perhaps dark energy. Then we suggest predictions to go beyond the standard model.