INFLUENCE OF DEGREE OF THICKNESS REDUCTION RATIO ON DEVELOPMENT OF STRUCTURE IN THE STEEL 1 . 5710
Intensity of structural changes during forging is usually determined in dependence on the forging ratio. Forging ratio at elongation is most often calculated with use of simple relations, which are based on the change of cross-section of the forged pieces. The intensity of structure development is influenced not only by the simple change of cross-sections, but also by relative length of the stroke, magnitude of deformation in individual passes, manner of edging, temperature, friction and shape of anvils. The paper gives an analysis of influence of the relative length of the stroke on the forging ratio.
ANALYSIS OF NEW TECHNOLOGY FORGING MONOLITHIC FORGED BOTTOMS
The pressure vessel itself consists of several characteristic components, the working stress of which in its complex determines unequivocally the state of stress of the reactor on the whole, although this stress achieves from the viewpoint of local judgment and assessment of individual parts of the pressure vessel mutually different levels. Development of new technology for manufacture of bottoms of pressure vessel for nuclear power engineering is oriented on future demands of market with respect to ecology and energetic. It is necessary to propose new technology for production of forged bottom with flange for power engineering, namely by forging from one ingot without use of welding of the bottom to the flange. The objective is to verify for this forging technology an optimum shape of tools, which will make it possible to forge the bottom with a minimum loss of metal at forging and final processing. High degree of forging and also the required quality of products, characterised by high values of mechanical properties, will be achieved by minimum extra metal allowances for forging. After implementation of the new technology for forging of bottoms with flange the manufacturer will be able to offer on the world market a peak technology and sophisticated completely new products – monolithic forged bottom with flange for high quality pressure vessels for nuclear power plants.
Cost effective implementation of forging simulation
Abstract The development of forging simulation software has initiated the problem of its cost-effective implementation in a forging company. This paper presents an approach to this issue based on experience gained through the development of the software, and long term collaboration with the forging industry in everyday practical work. The effectiveness is based on advanced user friendliness of the simulation software and its application to wide range of problems. These include: the precise control of material flow during forming, material savings, increasing tool life by means of optimisation of pre-stressed dies, and the development of profiled dies that compensate for the elastic deformation of the tooling set. Special attention is paid to the prediction of forging defects and finding ways to eliminate them. Different aspects of simulation advantages are highlighted.