Changing India-Japan Relations in the Post-Cold War Era
The end of the Cold War has not only brought about changes at the global level, but has also influenced regional and bilateral relations in a significant way. In Asia, India and Japan are the two important countries affected by such change. Consequently their relations underwent significant changes during the last decade. Whereas Japan made a major shift in its foreign policy from “commercial liberalism” to “reluctant realism”, India through its “look east” policy and structural reforms has made new orientations in its policy.’
Indo-Japanese Economic Relations in The 90s
APANESE economic relations with India h a d been of J traditional, strategic and essential nature. As a matter of fact, India's trade and investment relations were established in old times. "The teaching of Buddha which contributed much to shape India's economic, social and cultural attitudes reached Japan in the middle of the 6th century"'. Then "Indian textiles were first introduced into Japan with Buddhism around the seventh century"2. But modern commerce] however, started much later when Japan came out of isolation a t the end of Tokugawa era3.Trade then came up with the s tar t of Meiji Restoration period. During the seventh decade of the 19th century trade relations between India and Japan were confined t o exports of cotton, twist and yarn from India and imports were limited to copper of Japan. But thereafter, composition of Indo-Japanese trade underwent a sea-change. With this backdrop, the present study reviews India's economic relations particularly after the initiation of India's economic liberalisation policy to examine how far India's NEP has improved the existing growth and pattern of India's economic relations with Japan. The study is divided into THREE parts. First part analyses trends in Indo-Japanese trade. Second p a r t discusses IndoJ a p a n e s e investment relations and third par t analyses newly emerging trends in regard to Japanese ODA to India.
Determination of Optimal Ball-Burnishing Parameters for Plastic Injection Moulding Steel
The objective of this study is to determine the optimal plane ball-burnishing parameters for plastic injection moulding steel PDS5 on a machining centre by utilising the Taguchi’s orthogonal array method. The design and manufacture of a burnishing tool are described. Four burnishing parameters, namely the ball material, burnishing speed, burnishing force and feed, were selected as the experimental factors in Taguchi’s design of experiments to determine the optimal burnishing parameters which have the dominant influence on surface roughness. The optimal burnishing parameters were found after carrying out the experiments specified by Taguchi’s L18 orthogonal table, by the analysis of variation, and by a full factorial experiment. The optimal plane burnishing parameters for the plastic injection moulding steel PDS5 were a combination of a tungsten carbide ball, a burnishing speed of 200 mm/min, a burnishing force of 300 N and a feed of 40 μm. The surface roughness Ra of the specimen can be improved from about 1 μm to 0.07 μm by using the optimal burnishing parameters for plane burnishing.