Response of different maturity stages of sapota (Manilkara achras Mill.) cv. Kallipatti to in-package ethylene absorbent
Sapota fruits are highly perishable due to their climacteric nature. The rapid softening of fruits is primarily due to high activity of many oxidative enzymes and liberation of ethylene. Harvest maturity plays a crucial role in deciding the marketability of climacteric fruits in general. Attempt has been made to evaluate the response of ethylene absorbent on variable maturity groups of harvested Sapota cv. Kallipatti with the objective to delay the ripening during transit and extend its marketability during storage at ambient condition (27–32 °C & 65–75% R.H.). Harvested fruits having three different degree of ripeness (as maturity indices viz. mature, half-ripe and ripe) were packed with or without ethylene absorbent sachets (Bioconservación, France) in 10 kg CFB boxes and transported from Dahnu to Delhi covering a distant of approximately 2500 KM by truck on road along with conventional packaging as control. The fruits were evaluated immediately on arrival at Delhi and subsequently during storage for various physical, physiological, biochemical and decay parameters. Mature fruits with ethylene absorbent exhibited maximum delay in ripening, low ethylene liberation, weight loss and high fruit firmness. The response of ethylene absorbent to extend the marketability of ripe fruit was not significant.
Sığırların Nodüler Ekzantemi (Lumpy Skin Disease)
Ozet Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD), viral bir deri hastaligidir. Hastalik pseudo-urticaria, sigirlarin noduler ekzantemi, neethling ve knopvelsiekte adlariyla da bilinmektedir. LSD, enfekte hayvanlarda sut verimi ve canli agirlik kazancinda azalma, abort, damizlik hayvanlarda infertilite ve deri degerinde dusus nedeniyle ekonomik onemi buyuk olan bir hastaliktir. Bu derlemede son yillarda ulkemizde de gorulmeye baslayan Lumpy skin disease hastaliginin etiyolojisi, patogenezisi, epidemiyolojisi, klinik bulgulari, tanisi, tedavisi ve korunmasi hakkinda bilgiler verilmistir. Abstract Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) is a viral skin disease. Disease is known that the names of pseudo-urticaria, bovine nodular exanthema, Neethling and knopvelsiek. LSD is economically important disease due to the decreased milk yield and body weight gain, abortion, infertility and decline in the value of skin. The information about etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and protection of LSD in recent years in our country started seen is given in this rewiev.
Clinical chemical values and variations in Rasa Aragonesa ewes and lambs
Reference values of biochemical parameters in serum of Rasa Aragonesa ewes and their physiological variations were determined. Total proteins were 53.0–80.0 g/l, glucose 2.17–5.13 mmol/l, cholesterol 0.83–2.31 mmol/l, total bilirubin 1.85–6.49 μmol/l, urea 3.15–10.39 mmol/l, GGT 36–93 U/l (37°C), ALAT 11–33 U/l (37°C) and ASAT 71–209 U/l (37°C). Ewes were divided into three groups: A, 1- and 2-year-old ewes; B, ewes 3 and 4 years old; C, older ewes. Age had significant influence (P<0.05) on ASAT only during pregnancy, with higher levels for younger ewes. Blood parameters in lambs were determined at 5–10 d of life (nursing), 25 to 30 d of life receiving their mother's milk and 80–90 g of feed; and 45 to 50 d of life, weaned, receiving only solid feed. Serum urea and ALAT tended to increase with age, whereas total protein, globulins, cholesterol and GGT decreased with age. These values are of practical importance in the diagnosis of diseases and metabolic disorders in Rasa Aragonesa ewes and lambs under field conditions.