Multi-objective optimization design algorithm of dynamic and thermal performances of high speed spindle bearing
A multi-objective optimization design algorithm model for dynamic and thermal properties analysis of high speed spindle bearing is constructed. Stiffness of bearing can be obtained by solving equilibrium equations of inner ring of bearing. Heat generation of the high speed ball bearing is studied by analyzing the local friction in the bearing considering coupling of dynamic properties, a new model for evaluating bearing temperature is set up treating the contact surfaces between rolling elements and raceways as moving heat sources. Based on this model, multi-objective optimization of stiffness and temperature rising of high speed spindle bearings are studied. Pareto-optimal solution of high speed spindle bearing are given.
Predictions of Temperature Rise for Ball Bearings
The ball bearing is widely used on many moderate speed rotating systems due to its low starting friction and high load capacity. However, the heat generation caused by high-speed operation has been the limiting factor for increasing the speed limit of many high-speed ball bearing applications. The objective of this study was to predict the heat generation and temperature rise of ball bearings operating at moderate rotating speed. A series of experiments have been conducted to investigate the effects of oil-mist and oil-air lubrication on temperature rise of ceramic and steel ball bearings. From these experimental results, the previous theoretical model for temperature rise of ball bearings was modified for the moderate speed operation conditions. A computer code was developed accordingly to investigate the relationship between preload, ball bearing parameters, heat generation and temperature rise. The effect of temperature on lubricant viscosity was also taken into account. Results from the improved theoretical model compare well with the experimental data.
Byron: Augustan and Romantic
The impact of Byron's writings - an evaluative approach, William St Clair "My brain is feminine" - Byron and the poetry of deception, Jerome J. McGann Byron and the romantic heroine, Malcolm Kelsall Byron and the Empire in the East, Marilyn Butler Byron Augustan - mutations of mock-heroic in "Don Juan" and Shelley's "Peter Bell the Third", Claude Rawson continuities and discontinuities of language and voice in Dryden, Pope, and Byron, Bernard Beatty Augustan satires and Panegyrics on London and Byron's image of the city, Michael Gassermeier Byron, Pope, and the Grand Tour, Michael G. Cooke Byron in Italy - the return of Augustus, Donald H. Reiman "Don Juan" transformed, Anne Barton Byron's "Wrong Revolutionary System" and romanticism, Hermann Fischer the quintessential Byron, Leslie A. Marchand.