Effect of Biological Fertilizers on Germination Indices in Wheat Cultivars With Drought In Greenhouse
To determine aminol-forte and fosnutren, as two biological fertilizers containing amino acids, effects on 11 bread wheat cultivars in Ardabil IAU research greenhouse a research was carried out in factorial completely randomized block design with three replications. Factor A in two conditions (drought and normal), factor B in three levels (water, aminol-forte and fosnutren) and factor C included 11 bread wheat cultivars. Results suggested that there was a significant difference between test conditions based on all measured indices at 1%. Also there was a significant difference between studied cultivars based on assessed properties at 1 to 5%. There was a significant difference between fertilizer levels based on germination speed coefficient, ultimate germination percentage, germination rate index and daily average germination rate at 5%. The test conditions interaction in biologic fertilizers in all studied traits were significant at 1%. The results to the means comparison suggested that genotypes of Kuhdasht with a mean of 57.57, Saisons with a mean of 57.13, Azar 2 with a mean of 56.64 and Zagros with a mean of 56.60 had the highest germination duration mean and Chamran genotype with a mean of 46.39 had the lowest germination duration mean. On germination rate, also, Chamran genotype with a mean of 0.0218 had the best and Kuhdasht and Saisons genotypes with means of 0.0173 and 0.0175, respectively, had the lowest germination rate. Results to the data mean comparisons on fertilizer levels indicated that fosnutren liquid fertilizer was the best genotype in germination rate coefficient, germination duration mean and germination rate index. Finally, it could be mentioned that applying biological fertilizers which contain amino acids, could play a great positive role in wheat germination indices. (Elena Khabiri, Yousef Alaei, Seyed sajjad moosavi, Ali Mohammadpour Khanghah and Maryam Jafari. Effect of
Effect of Different Pre-Sowing Treatments on Seed Germination of Diospyros
Diospyros ebenum Koenig is one of canopy dominant species commonly called as Ceylon ebony and heavily extracted and threaten border line by anthropogenic activity in the dry zone forests in Sri Lanka, has led to the decrease in their population densities in the wild. Hence, conservation of the species is vital due its delayed germination and unprotected seedlings during its vegetative and reproductive periods. Mature fruits were randomly collected from trees and seeds were extracted from the fruits for assessment of microscopic, morphological and germination tests in the laboratory. Study was carried out at the Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. The study aims to improve germination with the application of pre sowing seed treatments such as different levels of H SO , KCl, hot water and distilled water 2 4 in addition to control and morphological studies of seeds, fruits and seedlings. Experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates for germination test. Mean value of thickness, diameter and length of seeds were 0.64±0.02 cm, 1.19±0.02 cm and 0.79±0.02 cm, respectively. All the seed treatments were effective on germination percentage except distilled water soaked with 12 hours and highest value recorded as 63 %. Rate of root growth was high in seedling than the stem. Seedling had attained the mean height of 2.73 cm, 4.31 cm, 7.75 cm and 10.11 cm tall at 20, 30, 60 and 120 days, respectively after germination.
Impact of acetaldehyde‐ and pyruvic acid‐bound sulphur dioxide on wine lactic acid bacteria
Aims:  To investigate the impact of acetaldehyde‐ and pyruvic acid‐bound sulphur dioxide on wine lactic acid bacteria (LAB).