Influence of grain refiner addition and heat treatment on the mechanical properties of Al-Si alloy
In the present investigation, an attempt is made to study the effect of addition of grain refinement on Al-Si alloy, when it is subjected to the combined grain refiner addition (Al-5T-1B) and subjected to mechanical vibration and heat treatment. The material is tested for hardness property and dry sliding wear properties. The results of the present investigation indicate that there is a considerable improvement in the hardness valves, microstructure and resistance for wear.
Effect of grain refinement and modification on the dry sliding wear behaviour of eutectic Al–Si alloys
Abstract The present study deals with an investigation of dry sliding wear behaviour of grain refined and or modified eutectic (Al–12Si) Al–Si alloy by using a Pin-On-Disc machine. The indigenously developed Al–1Ti–3B and Al–10Sr master alloys were used as grain refiner and modifier for the grain refinement of α -Al dendrites and modification of eutectic Si, respectively. Various parameters have been studied such as alloy composition, sliding speed, sliding distance and normal pressure. The cast alloys, master alloys and worn surfaces were characterized by SEM/EDX microanalysis. Results suggest that, the wear resistance of eutectic Al–Si alloys increases with the addition of grain refiner (Al–1Ti–3B) and or modifier (Al–10Sr). Further, the worn surface studies show that adhesive wear was observed in Al–12Si alloy in the absence of grain refiner and modifier. However, an abrasive and oxidative wear was observed when the grain refiner and modifier are added to the same alloy. Commercially available LM-6 (12.5%Si) alloy was used for comparison.
CMEOC—An expert system in the coal mining industry
Abstract This paper introduces an expert system in the mining industry, called the Coal Mining Expert and Optimization Consultation System (CMEOC). The paper mainly describes the architecture of this system, including the knowledge base, inference engine, and relevant optimization techniques. The techniques include multi-objective programming, fuzzy sets, and integer programming. The application results present evidence of the usefulness of the system.