SURFICIAL DEPOSITS IN THE LOUIS CREEK AND CHU CHUA CREEK AREA
Surficial geological mapping and drift exploration studies were undertaken in the summer of 1997 north of Kamloops in NTS map sheets 92Pil (Louis Creek) and 92P18 (Chu Chua Creek), as a continuation of the Eagle Bay Project initiated in the previous year (Bohrowsky et al., 1997; Dixon-Warren er al., 1997). The surticial component is pat of an integrated regional study centred on Devono-Mississippian rocks of the Eagle Bay Assemblage and Permian to Devonian rocks of the Fennell Formation. Massive sulphide deposits hosted in stratiform volcanogenic assemblages of the Fennell Formation at Chu Chua (MINFILE 092P 140) and syngenetic sedimentary rocks of the Eagle Bay Assemblage at Mount Armour (MINFILE 092P 051) suggest the region has considerable mineral potential. Polymetallic gold-bearing veins hosted in volcanic and volcanogenic rocks of the Fennel Formation at Windpass (MINFILE 092P 039) also suggest a high potential for gold in the area. Several placer occurrences of Au have also been recorded in the region.
Holocene and latest Pleistocene cirque glaciations in the Shuswap Highland, British Columbia: Reply
Ages of glacial deposits in cirques of the Shuswap Highland, British Columbia are approximated or bracketed using tephrochronology, radiocarbon dating and lichenometry. There is evidence for two minor Holocene glacial advances. The younger, named the Raft Mountain Advance, is defined by the type Raft Mountain moraine, which is about 100 years old judging from Rhizocarpon lichens. No volcanic ash is found on the moraine or its equivalents. The older, named the Dunn Peak Advance, is defined by the type Dunn Peak moraine and equivalent deposits in the Dunn Peak area. These deposits bear Mazama ash and are thus older than 6600 years; one of the moraines has a minimum radiocarbon age of about 7400 years. The deposits are younger than the Late Wisconsin deglaciation in southern B.C. (about 11 000 years BP). In addition, an earlier event, possibly a stillstand, is represented by a moraine (the Harper Creek moraine) downstream of the type Dunn Peak moraine. This moraine is also bracketed between 6600 and 11 000 y...
On the use of the Hardening Soil Small Strain model in geotechnical practice
This article highlights the importance of using advanced constitutive soil models in numerical modelling as daily geotechnical practice. In this context, the Hardening Soil (HS) model is presented as the most advanced soil model implemented in the ZSoil finite element code. The article recalls the basic features of the HS model and it explains their role in numerical simulations. The role of pre-failure non-linear behaviour of soils is also discussed. An application of the HS model is illustrated on typical geotechnical problems such as retaining wall excavation, tunnel excavation and undrained loading followed by consolidation.