Educação e direitos humanos: uma análise dos relatórios da plataforma DhESCA sobre a educação no Brasil de 2003 a 2009
BITTAR, Carla Bianca. Education and human rights: an analysis of the Platform DhESCA reports on education in Brazil from 2003 to 2009. 2012. 157 f. Dissertacao (Mestrado) – Faculdade de Direito, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 2012. This research has the objective of detecting which way education is being conducted in the country, analyzing the main problems encountered in implementing this law. Therefore, it seeks to reflect on the effectiveness of education as a human right, taking as its starting point the human rights context in which is inserted, keeping therefore the same characteristics: the indivisibility, universality and interdependence in guarantee of human dignity. To promote this reflection, the methodology was a literature review and analysis of reports on education produced by Brazilian Platform of Human Rights Economic, Social, Cultural and Environmental Rights (DhESCA) in the period 2003 to 2009. The first part presents an overview about the barriers that prevent the realization of the right to education until the present day, both from the standpoint of historical and legal point of view. The second part contextualizes the relationship between education and human rights, emphasizing that by recognizing the right to education is also rescue other values such as equality, citizenship and access to other rights. The third part presents an overview of national and international legislative framework in which education is entered, analyzing its design and treatment from them. Another highlight is the importance of the role played by non-governmental organizations for the full realization of the right to education. The final part is the actual examination of education in these national reports, demonstrating the failures of governments failing to promote equality of the right material together with other human rights. For the last, the final considerations relate the findings made during the research, resuming the discussions presented at the inaugural.
Ensino religioso na escola pública: o retorno de uma polêmica recorrente
The article seeks to reflect on the thorny question of religious education in public schools. Although optional, religious education has become problematic in secular states, when faced by the particularity and diversity of religious creeds. Whenever such a proposal appears on the scene of educational projects, it comes charged with an intense discussion concerning its presence and viability in a secular multicultural country. In the case of Brazil, the set of constitutional principles, motives and objectives alone guarantees ample conditions to enable the churches, cults and philosophical-transcendental systems, with all liberty, and respect for diverse options, to recruit followers legitimately to maintain their beliefs, demonstrate convictions and teach their principles, motives and objectives and stimulate practices in their own places and spaces. Besides this, today more than ever before, the churches have at their disposal means of mass communication, in particular television networks or religious programmes on broadcasting channels, for transmitting their principles.
Estado, ciência e política na Primeira República: a desqualificação dos pobres
STARTING FROM THE RECONSTITUTION of the economic, politic and social aspects of the First Republic in Brazil, in this report is questioned the direct and wholesome transposition to this Brazilian historical period of Foucaults view of the European societies from the turning of the eighteenth century. Carrying on the authoritarian tradition of the social classes relationships in this country, the first republican period relied on a despotic and violent police, more than on the subtle disciplinarian medical ways, in trying to control the "urban chaos". If science had any role on this practice, it was mainly the result of the dissemination of a negative racist social representation of the members of the underprivileged classes.