EDUCATIONAL POLICY PROVISION IN THE STATE OF PARANÁ, BRAZIL - 2001/2006
This paper presents the results of research on educational policies in the state of Parana, Brazil. The research assessed the impact of the provision of vacancies in Basic Education from 2001 to 2006. The effectiveness of such public action in education was one of the aims of the research. The study used offi cial databases about the population, number of students who enroll, stay in schools and fi nish their studies. The main conclusions of the study show that in the state of Parana, Basic Education policies have not been effective as social demands are not completely achieved; for example, there is not enough provision of vacancies, there is a lack of quality conditions and the actions implemented are not articulated with social needs.
Princípios de justiça e avaliação de políticas
The article proposes a way of putting together two things which usually are dealt with separatedly: the philosophic discussion on principles of justice and the evaluation of social policies.
The New ‘U’
Today's talk about tenure must be framed within broader discussions about the role of the university. Our university system is now over one hundred years old, the “Old-Time College” is gone, the “cold war” university is no longer viable, and the foundations of the modern “multiversity” are cracking, so it is time to talk about change. But change is not necessarily reform, and resisting change probably will not keep things the way they are, so academics must understand the forces reshaping the university. Whenever I listen to colleagues defend the status quo by saying that the United States has a university system that is the envy of the world, I hear echoes of the Detroit automobile industry's casual dismissal of foreign competitors in the early 1960s. The decision not to change did not preserve the auto industry, and it is unlikely to preserve public universities as we know them. The current debates about tenure began with ideological attacks on “tenured radicals” who used their secure jobs to subvert conservative cultural values. The attack on tenure gathered steam as fiscal hawks in financially-strapped states looked for ways to save money and found huge state university systems with budgets to match. When asked why he robbed banks, the legendary Willie Sutton replied, “Because that's where the money is.” When asked why they are robbing tenure, legislators, regents, and administrators reply, “Because that's where the money is.” Personnel costs are a large share of university budgets and tenure ties the hands of administrators and legislators accustomed to using purse strings to control universities.