PIPA ARTISTS AND THEIR MUSIC IN LATE MING CHINA
Abstract During the Ming dynasty, within a span of almost three centuries China's political organization, social structure, and important cultural elements were transformed by changes in government, military reforms, urban life, interaction with foreign peoples (in particular the naval expeditions of Zheng He <inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="splitsection3_in1.tif"/> [1371–1433]), advancement in science and technology, and the growth of literature and art. Thanks to the increase of commercial printing during the period, a vast amount of primary sources has been preserved, providing modern-day scholars with the necessary information to understand the diversity and complexity of the Ming era. However, although sinologists and historians have produced a tremendous amount on various Ming topics, much work is needed concerning music. One can certainly argue for the attention that has been given to tuning systems, qin <inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="splitsection3_in2.tif"/> music, ritual music, and dramatic arts, but they constitute only a fraction of the multiplicity of genres and the wide range of expression in Ming music. Without scrutiny into the other genres and expressions, we will never be able to enlarge our picture of Ming music and musical life, and their relationship to the larger social and cultural milieus.
The Glory and Fall of the Ming Dynasty
Chapter 2, on manuscript preparation and copy editing, has been expanded and revised with new material on electronic word processing and optical character recognition devices; a new section on marking type specifications; and a section on the responsibilities and duties entailed in the working relationship between an author and a copy editor that is the most sensible and most lucid of any I have read. Chapter 4 on rights and permissions has been rewritten to reflect the new copyright laws. Chapter 9 contains new material on Asian languages: a table of diacritical marks; the Pinyin conversion chart originally published in 1975 by the CIA (still, alas, in its microscopic type); and a discussion of South Asian languages. Chapter 18 on indexing has also been expanded to cover the correct form and alphabetization of Asian names. Other chapters that have been revised or completely rewritten are chapter 12, which discusses planning and constructing tables from raw data; chapters 15, 16, and 17, which cover the simplified handling of citation and references (already in use by the JAS and following the proposed Modern Language Association guidelines); chapter 18 on the philosophy and mechanics of indexing; and an all-new chapter 20 on composition, printing, and binding. o
Design of Fixture for Pitch Circle Diameter Run-out Check
The design of fixture is an exceptionally mind boggling and natural process, which require learning and knowledge. Fixture configuration assumes an imperative part at the setup arranging stage. Appropriate fixture configuration is urgent for creating item quality in various terms of exactness, surface complete and accuracy of the machined parts. In existing plan the installation set up is done physically, so the point of this undertaking is to supplant with installation to spare time for stacking and emptying of segment. Apparatuses are ordinarily grouped by the kind of machine on which they are utilized. Installations can likewise be recognized by a sub arrangement. For instance, if an installation is intended to be utilized for examination called as inspection apparatus. By using the new designed fixture, run-out checking become easier and process becomes simpler.