A novel method for the measurement of diffusion lengths in solar cells
The minority carrier diffusion length in the base region of a solar cell is an important factor affecting the conversion efficiency and spectral response of the cell. Conventional methods for the measurement of minority carrier diffusion lengths in semiconductor materials are generally unsuitable for measurements on completed solar cells. This paper describes a simple and direct technique for the measurement of minority carrier diffusion length in solar cells, It has been applied to both single crystalline and polycrystalline silicon solar cells, and the results compared to standard surface photovoltage measurements.
XIII. Photovoltaic and Photoconductive Theory Applied to InSb
Equations are formulated for the distribution of photo-electrons and photo-holes in an intrinsic material. From the results for the photovoltaic effect it is shown that a value for the ambipolar di...
Nursing theory and administrative practice: Agenda for the 1990s
&NA; Despite past progress in the development of nursing theory, a theoretical nursing perspective is not yet common to the practice of nursing administration. Such a perspective could serve as a catalyst both to advance knowledge development for administrative nursing practice and to align clinical and administrative practice within a common framework. In this article assumptions, concepts, and questions common to both clinical and administrative nursing practice are identified. Select domain concepts are used to exemplify the themes shared by nurse clinicians and nurse administrators. The article concludes with a five‐item agenda as a guide for future theory development.