Solvent extraction of gallium(III) with 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone.
Gallium can be quantitatively extracted at trace levels with 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone in xylene at pH 4.5-6.0. Gallium is determined in the organic phase photometrically by complexation with Rhodamine B. The system conforms to Beer's law (at 565 nm) in the concentration range 2-59 mug ml . The complex is stable for 24 hr. Salting-out agents have no effect on the extraction. Gallium can be extracted and determined in a single extraction in presence of many elements associated with it, such as indium, thallium and aluminium.
Extraction of group IB, IIB and III-VA elements with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-trifluoroacetyl-pyrazolone-5
The extraction of group IB, IIB and IIA-VA elements with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-trifluoroacetyl-pyrazolone-5 in chloroform has been investigated as a function of pH. The stripping of metal ions into solutions of KCN, HClO4 and appropriate pH buffers has been studied. The masking effects of cyanide, citrate, iodide, thiosulphate and thiourea on the extraction have been examined. Selective group and individual separations have been proposed on the basis of pH control, masking effects and back-extraction.
Intentional poisoning cases of animals with anticholinesterase pesticide-carbofuran in Sri Lanka.
Carbofuran is a broad spectrum insecticide and nematicide which inhibits acetyl cholinesterase. Several intentional poisoning cases of animals and birds including crows, dogs, cow, and elephant, using carbofuran were reported in Sri Lanka. Qualitative analysis of carbofuran in biological specimens was carried out using T.L.C and GC-MS. The quantitative analysis was carried out by HPLC using Zorbax Eclips XDB-C18 (150 x 4.6 mm I.D x 5 microm particle size) column with acetonitrile: water 25:75 v/v mobile phase and UV detection at 210 nm. The liquid-liquid extraction with chloroform was reproducible and sensitive. The procedure was validated in terms of linearity (0.996<r<0.999) for concentrations ranging from 1 to 200 microg/ml, repeatability (RSD 4.4% at 100 microg/ml, n=10) extraction recovery (91.7% at 100 microg/g, 77.3% at 20 microg/g), limit of detection (S/N ratio=3, 0.7 microg/ml) and limit of quantification (S/N ratio=10, 2.4 microg/ml). The method was found satisfactory and successfully applied in fatal cases of animals and birds due to carbofuran poisoning. The fatal carbofuran levels detected were in the range of 42-910 microg/g in crow's gizzard and contents, 50-800 microg/g in dog's stomach contents, 13-20 microg/g in dog's liver, 0.9 microg/g in cow's stomach and contents, 35 microg/g in elephant's stomach and contents.