Economic risks of Jordan's nuclear program
Abstract Jordan has recently embarked on establishing a nuclear program in the hope that it would resolve its energy security problems, meet its increasing demand of electricity and promote economic growth through localization. This paper examines the economic risks and challenges associated with Jordan's nuclear program. It is based on a comparative cost analysis and interviews conducted with current and former Jordanian policy makers. Economically, nuclear power represents a high-risk option for Jordan as it involves three potentially costly scenarios of varying impact: project cancellation, unplanned outages and the declining costs of renewable technologies, particularly solar power. The paper also highlights other challenges facing Jordan in its pursuit of nuclear power such as opaque decision-making process and the need for an independent and competent nuclear regulatory body.
Thinking big? Ghana, small reactors, and nuclear power
Abstract Ghana has been seen as a potential market for small nuclear reactors and Ghanaian nuclear officials have, on occasion, expressed an interest in such reactors. However, Ghana seems to be heading towards procuring a reactor from Russia with a capacity of 1000–1200 MW. A power plant with such a large power generation capacity is not appropriate to Ghana’s limited electricity grid or its financial circumstances. This paper examines the likely reasons for this focus and argues that despite greater government interest in setting up nuclear reactors, Ghana’s nuclear establishment may not have the political clout to force through the purchase of a reactor, and has therefore attempted to position itself as a complete, one-stop solution to Ghana’s electricity crisis, by calling for the construction of just one or two large nuclear power plants. The paper draws on the role of discursive elements in energy policy making, discusses the policy implications of this reactor choice, and offers evidence for the proposition that decision about nuclear power are not made on the basis of merely techno-economic considerations but are driven by a range of social and political factors.
Cost and performance analysis of concentrating solar power systems with integrated latent thermal energy storage
Integrating TES (thermal energy storage) in a CSP (concentrating solar power) plant allows for continuous operation even during times when solar irradiation is not available, thus providing a reliable output to the grid. In the present study, the cost and performance models of an EPCM-TES (encapsulated phase change material thermal energy storage) system and HP-TES (latent thermal storage system with embedded heat pipes) are integrated with a CSP power tower system model utilizing Rankine and s-CO2 (supercritical carbon-dioxide) power conversion cycles, to investigate the dynamic TES-integrated plant performance. The influence of design parameters of the storage system on the performance of a 200 MWe capacity power tower CSP plant is studied to establish design envelopes that satisfy the U.S. Department of Energy SunShot Initiative requirements, which include a round-trip annualized exergetic efficiency greater than 95%, storage cost less than $15/kWht and LCE (levelized cost of electricity) less than 6 ¢/kWh. From the design windows, optimum designs of the storage system based on minimum LCE, maximum exergetic efficiency, and maximum capacity factor are reported and compared with the results of two-tank molten salt storage system. Overall, the study presents the first effort to construct and analyze LTES (latent thermal energy storage) integrated CSP plant performance that can help assess the impact, cost and performance of LTES systems on power generation from molten salt power tower CSP plant.