The influence of socio-economic background on Union soldiers during the American Civil War
1 "The Influence ofSocio-Economic Background on Union Soldiers during the American Civil War" . 2 Bibliography . 43 Appendix 1: "Port Clinton White Males ofFighting Age and Port Clinton Civil War Enlistees Compared" 48 Appendix 2: "Breakdown in Age ofLinked Soldiers in the 48" 50 Appendix 3: "Foreign Born Soldiers in the 48 Pennsylvania" 51 Appendix 4: "Breakdown in Total Wealth ofLinked Soldiers in the 48 PA". 53 Appendix 5: "Prewar Occupations of Soldiers in the 48 Pennsylvania Compared with all Union Soldiers" . 56 Appendix 6: "Breakdown in Household and Marital Status" 57 Vita 58
Have Social Historians Lost the Civil War? Some Preliminary Demographic Speculations
As a first step toward an assessment of the Civil Wars influence this article explores its demographic impact. By looking at the number of Union and Confederate soldiers who died and comparing the results with mortality in other wars one can gauge the magnitude of the Civil War. Having established that a very high proportion of military-age white males fought and died in the Civil War the article considers how the peculiarities of that conflict may have affected the participants wartime experiences. Then preliminary results from an in-depth study of Newburyport Massachusetts during the Civil War are used to sketch the social and economic background of those who fought and died in that conflict. Finally the article examines the impact of the Civil War on the survivors. Given the paucity of research on the influence of the Civil War on the postwar lives of ordinary Americans I offer a preliminary demographic analysis of the federal pension program using aggregate statistics as one indication of the type of studies that might be done. (EXCERPT)
Ordeal by Fire: The Civil War and Reconstruction
Part 1 The coming of war: American modernization, 1800-1860 the antebellum south the ideological conflict over slavery Texas, Mexico, and the compromise of 1850 filibusters, fugitives, and nativists Kansas and the rise of the Republican party the deepening crisis, 1857-1859 the critical year, 1859-1860 secession and the coming of war. Part 2 The Civil War: a brother's war - the upper South mobilizing for war the balance sheet of war the war at home and abroad the springtime of Northern hope Jackson and Lee strike back slavery and the war - Northern politics, 1861-1862 the first turning point - Antietam and emancipation the winter of northern discontent the second turning point - Gettysburg, Vicksburg, and Chattanooga war issues and politics in 1863 behind the lines wartime reconstruction and the freedpeople military stalemate, 1864 the third turning point - the election of 1864 the end of the Confederacy. Part 3 Reconstruction: the problems of peace the origins of "racial" reconstruction reconstruction and the crisis of impeachment the first grant administration the southern question, 1869-1872 social and economic reconstruction the retreat from reconstruction the new South.