A continuidade do processo de desconcentração regional da indústria brasileira nos anos 2000
The article continues the debate on the changes in the regional distribution of Brazilian industry in recent decades. Based on industry data for employment and wages for the period 1997/2007, it identifies an intense process of regional decentralization. Using classical indices of concentration, it appears that the trend identified affects all types of industries, whether traditional, commodities, diffuser or durable goods. The article also proposes the use of a new density index, highlighting some meso-regions where it is relatively high. From the values encountered for the density index some meso-regions located in different regions of the country are selected and their results discussed, which illustrates various situations of apparent success.
AGLOMERAÇÕES INDUSTRIAIS RELEVANTES DO BRASIL EM 2010
O presente trabalho objetiva identificar as aglomeracoes industriais relevantes (AIR) existentes no Brasil em 2010. Buscou-se avaliar se as inumeras mudancas ocorridas no quadro economico nacional e internacional, apos a virada do seculo, produziram modificacoes suficientes para alterar as AIR detectadas em estudos anteriores. Aplicando Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis - ESDA aos dados de VAB industrial municipal, identificaram-se 17 AIR em 2010, sendo que 65% delas se concentraram nas regioes Sul e Sudeste. Ha evidencias de que o processo de desconcentracao industrial continuou no periodo de 2000-2010, porem ainda sem conseguir alterar significativamente o quadro geral de concentracao das AIR. Mas novos polos, principalmente no Sul e Sudeste, parecem ter alcancado volumes minimos de economia de aglomeracao que os tornaram mais atraentes do que as grandes e tradicionais aglomeracoes.
Did the metamorphosis from Export Processing Zones to Special Economic Zones improve the efficiency of trade enclaves in India?
In this paper, the efficiency of seven conventional Special Economic Zones in India is analyzed, by adopting a stochastic production frontier technique, for the period between 1986–1987 and 2007–2008.Results indicate that although the efficiency scores of these enclaves have improved over the years, specifically with the introduction of the SEZ policy (2000–2001), it is far below the threshold level as identified in the literature. Besides, one can also observe a discrepancy emerging between better export earning zones and efficient zones. On the determinants side, policy intervention and large geographical area, accompanied by clustering of units, are found to have impacted the efficiency scores of these enclaves positively.