Estimation of overall heat transfer coefficient of cooling system in RF capacitive hyperthermia
The 
study presented in this article involves the estimation of the overall heat 
transfer coefficient of cooling system in RF capacitive hyperthermia 
treatment using inverse problem based on the conjugate gradient method to 
provide improved distribution of temperature. The temperature data computed 
numerically from the direct problem using the finite difference time domain 
method are used to simulate the temperature measurements. The effects of the 
errors and sensor positions upon the precision of the estimated results are 
also considered. The results show that a reasonable estimation of the unknown 
can be obtained. Finally, measurements in a tissue-equivalent phantom are 
employed to appraise the reliability of the presented method. The comparison of 
computed data with measurements shows a good agreement between numerical 
and experimental results.
Influence of water bolus temperature on measured skin surface and intradermal temperatures.
Temperature measurements utilizing thermometry probes placed on the skin surface are often used clinically to assess temperatures for the purposes of power control and evaluating treatment efficacy. There is a question, however, as to what extent applicator temperature-controlled liquid coupling boluses can create temperature gradients which can cause significant differences between measurements taken by sensors placed on the skin surface and the actual temperature of the tissue beneath. To address this question, experiments were conducted with human subjects instrumented with surface and shallowly implanted temperature sensors. Microwave applicators with circulating bolus water set at 21 and 41 degrees C were used to induce a temperature gradient in depth in the superficial tissue by thermal conduction. No microwave energy was applied. The average measurement offset at 41 degrees C was 15% of the difference in temperature between the interstitially measured skin temperature and the coupling bolus temperature, towards the temperature of the coupling bolus. The corresponding offset with coupling boluses set near 21 degrees C was 32%. Different water bolus types and volumes were observed to induce different percentage offset errors.
A slowly rotating coil system for AC field measurements of Fermilab Booster correctors
A method for measurement of rapidly changing magnetic fields has been developed and applied to the testing of new room temperature corrector packages designed for the Fermilab Booster Synchrotron. The method is based on fast digitization of a slowly rotating tangential coil probe, with analysis combining the measured coil voltages across a set of successive magnet current cycles. This paper presents results on the field quality measured for the normal and skew dipole, quadrupole, and sextupole elements in several of these corrector packages.