Other Types of Attacks
This chapter describes the conditions under which LeT carries out terrorist attacks on holidays as well as attempted (but unsuccessful) attacks. The chapter discusses several TP-rules about these types of terror attacks that were derived automatically from the LeT data set used in this book.
Dealing with Lashkar-e-Taiba: A Multi-player Game-Theoretic Perspective
Lashkar-e-Taiba (LET) is one of the deadliest terrorist groups in the world. With over 100 attacks worldwide since 2004, LET has become a political force within Pakistan, a proxy fighting force for the Pakistani Army, and a terror group that can carry out complex, coordinated attacks such as the 2008 Mumbai attacks. In this paper, we develop a game-theoretic analysis of how to deal with LET using a 5-player game whose players include LET, India, the Pakistani military, the (civilian) Pakistani government, and the US. We use an expert on LET and Pakistan to develop a payoff matrix and compute pure and mixed Nash equilibria (NE) in this payoff matrix. We study several of these NEs in detail. Our analysis shows that: (i) there are 6 pure NEs in which LET eliminates its armed wing, (ii) increasing external financial/military support for Pakistan leads to no NEs where LET reduces violence, (iii) almost all NEs in which LET significantly reduces violence involve coordinated actions by both the US and India.
SEASONAL VARIATION OF ATTACHMENT APPARATUS AND COPULATORY ORGAN MORPHOMETRIC VARIABLES OF DACTYLOGYRUS CRUCIFER WAGENER, 1857 (MONOGENEA: DACTYLOGYRIDAE) ON THE GILLS OF ROACH (RUTILUS RUTILUS L.) IN LATVIAN WATER BODIES
There are many abiotic factors, such as oxygen, salinity, pH etc. that inpact to phenotypic plasticity of parasitic organisms. In the present studies, we are focused on seasonal variation in morphometry of monogenea from Dactylogyrus genus. Seasonal variation in measurments of attachment apparatus and copulatory organ of Dactylogyrus crucifer Wagener, 1857 were studied on museum colection material from 1956 and the period from 1984 to 1998. The main results indicate that difference between winter and spring conditions basically cause significant (p<0.05) changes in morphometrical variables of measurements of anchors, dorsal connective bar and copulatory organ.