Ciudades y poder político en al-Andalus. Una hipótesis sobre el origen de las revueltas urbanas en Murcia en el siglo XIII
Throughout the 13th century a succession of urban revolts took place in al-Andalus, which caused the withdrawal of the Almohad Empire and the establishment of the third taifas, initially led by Muhammad b. Yūsuf b. Hūd al-Mutawakkil. The inability of this emir to hold together this newly-built state, and the continuous insurrections inside and utside of Murcia have led historians to investigate the nature of political power during this period. This article examines each one of these proposals and, on the basis of an analysis of some socio-economic aspects relating to Murcia (being a representative city of al-Andalus and capital of the hūdi movement during the first half of the thirteenth century), proposes a hypothesis on the nature of its power.
Arquitectura residencial andalusí y jardines en el arrabal de la Arrixaca. Breve síntesis de las excavaciones arqueológicas realizadas en el jardín de San Esteban, Murcia (2009)
espanolSe describen las transformaciones urbanas y la evolucion del espacio en un sector del arrabal de la Arrixaca localizado al norte de la ciudad andalusi. La excavacion arqueologica ha mostrado la ocupacion del lugar desde finales del siglo XI y la existencia de un barrio densamente poblado desde mediados del siglo XII hasta finales de la centuria siguiente. En el siglo XIV asistimos a su abandono y a la ocupacion residual del mismo. Durante el siglo XV el terreno se destina a la agricultura y se trazan acequias, surgiendo extensas propiedades cuyos jardines limitan al norte con la nueva cerca exterior de la ciudad. Dichos jardines fueron incorporados a la propiedad del colegio jesuita en la segunda mitad del XVI y su uso se ha mantenido hasta nuestros dias. francaisOn decrit les changements dans le quartier residentiel connue sous le nom Arrixaca, un secteur situe au nord de la ville. Les fouilles archeologiques ont revele l’existence d’un quartier densement peuple depuis le milieu du XIIe siecle jusqu´a la fin du XIIIe siecle. Le XIVe siecle a marque l’abandon du quartier et l’utilisation residuelle du site. Au XVe siecle, le terrain est destine a l´agriculture et l´on trace des canaux d´irrigation, tout en permettant l´apparition de grandes proprietes dont les jardins limitent au nord avec une nouvelle enceinte exterieure. Ces dits jardins ont ete incorpores dans la propriete du college des Jesuites et sont restes a ce jour.
El paisaje vegetal en la Granada Islámica y sus transformaciones tras la conquista castellana
This paper analyses the Mediterranean forest of the former Kingdom of Granada (13th-16th centuries) from the perspective of its exploitation. Livestock and dry farming in Andalusi society were less developed and thus the pressure on the mountain was also minor. The irrigated plots of land were an essential part of the agriculture and were very profitable. Some of the products obtained were destined for self-supply, but others were to be traded (for example, sugar or silk). After the Castilian conquest, the livestock increased, particularly the sheep, as the wool was destined for overseas markets. Castilian people found the farming areas to be sufficient and they usually widened them for dry farming, at the expense of the woodland. This fact along with the need to “open up” the Mediterranean undergrowth, which was generally impassable as it was very dense and thorny tor the livestock, placed a huge pressure on it.