Dissolution of electrically inactive phosphorus by low temperature annealing
In this study we investigate the dissolution of electrically inactive phosphorus complexes by low temperature annealing after the POCl3 diffusion process. This has the immediate consequence that the existing near-surface emitter volume SRH recombination can be reduced. Thereby, a significant reduction of emitter saturation current density j0E is achieved without driving the emitter further into the silicon substrate. For short-term temperature treatments well below the POCl3 diffusion temperature, a reduction of up to -60 fA/cm2 has been achieved. This study increases our understanding of the formation and dissolution of electrically inactive phosphorus complexes during post-annealing processes.
Influence of Precipitation on Phosphorus Diffusivity in Silicon
The influence of precipitation on phosphorus diffusivity is investigated at temperatures of 850 and 1000 °C in heavily implanted (4 × 1016 P+/cm2) and laser annealed silicon specimens. By experiments performed changing the quantity of precipitated phosphorus, while keeping constant the dopant concentration, it is shown that precipitation does not generate interstitials in such amount to affect the phosphorus diffusivity. 
 
 
 
Der Einflus von Prazipitatbildung auf das Phosphordiffusionsvermogen wird bei Temperaturen von 850 und 1000 °C in stark implantierten (4 × 1016 P+/cm−2) und lasergetemperten Silizium-proben untersucht. Durch Experimente, die die Quantitat des prazipitierten Phosphors andern, wahrend die Dotierungskonzentration konstant gehalten wird, wird gezeigt, das die Prazipitat-bildung keine Zwischengitterplatze in einem Ausmas generiert, das das Phosphordiffusionsver-mogen beeinflust.
The peculiar thermo-structural behavior of the anionic lipid DMPG.
Aqueous dispersions of the anionic phospholipid dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DMPG), around 100 mM ionic strength, are known to exhibit a thermal behavior similar to that of the largely studied lipid dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC), which undergoes a gel to liquid crystalline phase transition at 23 degrees C, well characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and other methods. However, at low ionic strength, DMPG has been shown to present a large gel-fluid transition region, ranging from 18 to 35 degrees C. This intermediate phase is optically transparent and characterized by a continuous change in membrane packing. Structural properties of the DMPG gel-fluid transition region will be discussed, based on results obtained by several techniques: electron spin resonance (ESR) of spin labels at the membrane surface and intercalated at different depths in the bilayer; light scattering; DSC; small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS); and fluorescence spectroscopy of probes in the bilayer.