Research: Early Childhood Education: Issues for a New Decade
Abstract The past two decades have provided early childhood educators with new insights, information and additional questions regarding the care and education of young children. This article provides a review of the past decade and suggests issues that should be addressed in the decade of the '80s. Consensus-seeking on these issues should be of interest to all persons concerned with young children.—N.L.Q.
The Impact of Federal Early Childhood Programs on Children.
EDRS PRICE .MF-$0.83 HC-$6.01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Child Care; Child Development; Childrens Television; Cognitive Development; iommunity Involvement; 4;Compensatory Education Programs; Day Care Programs; *Day Care Services; Disadvantaged Youth; *Early Childhood Education; Emotional Development; Family Environment; *Federal Programs; Handicapped Children; *Literature Reviews; Minority Group Children; *Program Effectiveness; Program Evaluation; Social Development; Student Characteristics IDENTIFIERS Electric Company; Project Follow Through; Project Head Start; iroject Home Start; Sesame Street
Bias in the Analysis of Repeated-Measures Designs: Some Alternative Approaches.
MCCALL, ROBERT B., and APPELBAUM, MARK I. Bias in the Analysis of Repeated-Measures Designs: Some Alternative Approaches. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1973, 44, 401-415. The conventional analysis of variance applied to designs in which each subject is measured repeatedly requires stringent assumptions regarding the variance-covariance (i.e., correlations among repeated measures) structure of the data. Violation of these assumptions results in too many rejections of the null hypothesis for the stated significance level. This paper considers several alternatives when heterogeneity of covariance exists, including nonparametric tests, randomization and matching procedures, Box and Greenhouse-Geisser corrections, and multivariate analysis. The presentation is from an applied rather than theoretical standpoint. Multivariate techniques that make no covariance assumptions and provide exact probability statements represent the most versatile solution.