Effect of incorporation of carrot pomace powder and germinated chickpea flour on the quality characteristics of biscuits.
The study on utilization of carrot pomace powder (CPP) and germinated chickpea flour (GCF) in biscuits was undertaken to upgrade the nutritional quality and assess the acceptability. The biscuits were prepared from composite flours by incorporating 5, 8 and 10 parts of germinated chickpea flour and similar corresponding parts of carrot pomace powder in to wheat flour. The biscuits were analyzed for their physical properties, chemical composition and sensory properties. The spread ratio of the biscuits increased from 6.1 to 8.4 with the increase of CPP and GCF in the blends. With the increase in the concentration of CPP and GCF, there was an increase in protein, ash and crude fiber contents. The crude fiber content of the biscuits supplemented with 10% CPP and GCF was the highest (3.2%). The biscuits supplemented with CPP and GCF up to 8% level were of acceptable sensory quality.
Proximate composition and selected functional properties of defatted papaya (Carica papaya L.) kernel flour
Defatted papaya kernel flour was analyzed for proximate composition and functional properties. The flour was high in protein (32.4%) but moderate in available carbohydrates. The mineral (ash) and fiber contents were 5.3% and 4.2%, respectively. The protein of the flour was soluble at both acidic and alkaline pH; maximum solubility was at pH 9.0. Oil and water absorption capacities of the flour sample were high. The flour had very good foaming and emulsifying properties. These results suggest that papaya kernel flour may have potential application in a number of food formulations.
Using Skills from Art in Surgical Practice and Research-Surgery and Art
Many aspects of surgery and the arts are inexorably linked together, and the use of artistic techniques or ideas to improve surgical practice is present throughout the history of medicine. In all forms of surgery, throughout the ages, artists have been used to illustrate new ideas, new techniques and to document surgical practice. Some of the most successful art originated from surgeons who were also artists; perhaps due to their innate understanding of what they were portraying. Studying art and developing creative skills can enhance modern surgical practice in many different ways.