R&D project selection: Productivity considerations
The paper consists of a theoretical discussion of the circumstances justifying the use of RD re-equip with purchased existing best-practice technology; or use R&D to develop new technology. 
 
 
 
The choice depends on which of the four following situations exist: 1) When the productivity of existing capacity is well below its potential and is also well below that of the industry's best-practice; in this case the right strategy is first to bring actual productivity up to potential, and then to consider the purchase of best-practice. 2) When productivity is well up to potential but is well below best practice; the advice is then to purchase best-practice. 3) When existing capacity is already best-practice but productivity is well below capacity; in this case productivity of existing plant should be increased. 4) When existing capacity is bestpractice and productivity is near the maximum; then and only then is R&D to develop new technology justified. 
 
 
 
The paper concludes with a brief account of the process to be undergone between the establishment of a case for R&D using the above criteria and, if R&D is undertaken and completed, the retrospective review of its outcome.
Productivity measurement at the plant level
A system of productivity indices, suitable for the plant level, is developed. The productivity of each input factor is measured separately against standard, input per unit of output, figures. This system enables the decomposition of comparative indices into components, whereby the contribution of each component to productivity differentials can be determined. A model is proposed for aggregating the single factor (physical) productivities into an overall (economic) index.
Interviewing In Context
PART ONE: PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS. An Introduction to Interviewing. Understanding Contextual Factors. PART TWO: BASIC CONSIDERATIONS: FOUNDATIONS FOR COMMUNICATION. Developing the Structure of the Interview. Understanding Questions. Using Questions. PART THREE: ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXTS. The Selection Interview: The Interviewer's Perspective. The Selection Interview: The Applicant's Perspective. The Performance Appraisal Interview. PART FOUR: PROFESSIONAL CONTEXTS. The In-Depth Information Gathering Interview. The Survey Interview. The Problem-Solving Interview. The Persuasive Interview