Optimization of oil extraction from olive pomace using response surface methodology
A statistical methodology, combining Plackett–Burman design with Box–Behnken design, was applied to optimize the oil extraction process from olive pomace using hexane as solvent. Plackett–Burman design was used in the first step to evaluate the effects of five independent variables on the oil extraction yield. Temperature of extraction, time of contact, solvent-to-solids ratio and moisture content of the olive pomace were identified as significant independent variables and were further optimized by using response surface methodology based on Box–Behnken design. The optimized conditions to maximize the yield were as follows: extraction temperature at 33 ℃, contact time at 10 min, solvent-to-solids ratio at 3.5 mL/g and moisture content at 13%. The experimental value of the yield (5.98%) at these optimum conditions was found in perfect agreement with the value predicted by model (5.80%).
OPTIMIZATION OF VISCOZYME-L ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF COCONUT MILK AND VIRGIN COCONUT OIL
The present work aimed to optimize the extraction of milk and oil from coconut by an aqueous enzymatic extraction process using the enzyme Viscozyme-L. The combine effect of grinding time (2-4min), amount of Viscozyme-L (60-180FBGU) and incubation time (2-7h), were optimized using Response Surface Methodology. The selected method provides the best yield of coconut milk (73.88±0.5%, w/w) and Virgin Coconut Oil (21.57±0.4%, w/w) with percentage recovery of oil was 86.14% of fat present in the fresh coconut kernel at grinding time (3min), the amount of enzyme (120FBGU) and incubation time (4.5h). The experimental results were significantly (P
Influence of Diluted Spent Wash of Sugar Industries Application on Yield of and Nutrient Uptake by Sugarcane and Changes in Soil Properties
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of irrigation with tube well water (S0) as well as with spent wash diluted for 25 (S25), 50 (S5O) and 100 (S100) times on yield of and nutrient uptake by sugarcane grown on Typic Chromustert. The results revealed that application of spent wash diluted at any level increased the sugarcane yield and nutrient uptake significantly over S0. Less diluted spent wash gave higher yield of biomass than the concentrated one. Though, there was tendency for slight increase in the soil salinity due to use of spent wash, yet the nutrient availability of P, K and S increased considerably. Further, there was indication of betterment in some physical conditions of soil.