Radiative lifetimes of highly excited states in rubidium
2014 Measurements have been made of the natural radiative lifetimes of highly excited rubidium (9 ~ n ~ 18) S and D states. These results, as well as those already published concerning P and F states, agree well with the theoretical lifetimes calculated by the Bates-Damgaard method. J. Physique 41 (1980) 119-121 1 FTVRIER 1980, Classification Physics Abstracts 32.70 In the past few years, measurements of the radiative lifetimes of highly excited states of alkali atoms have been reported [1-3]. These results would clearly be of interest for physicists working in atomic physics, plasma physics, astrophysics. Moreover they allow interesting comparisons with theoretical calculations. We have already published measurements of the radiative lifetimes for some Rydberg P and F states in rubidium [4, 5]. In order to obtain a consistent set of lifetime values for a given alkali atom, we present here measurements concerning the nS and nD states of rubidium (9 n 18). Comparison is given between the obtained experimental values and the theoretical ones calculated by using a modified Bates-Damgaard Method [6, 7] (here after refered as B.D.). We use the classical method of time resolved laser induced fluorescence [4]. Rubidium atoms contained in a cell are excited in a given high-lying nS or nD state by stepwise pulsed excitation via the first resonant 5P state. For convenience the 5p3,2 state is chosen as the intermediate state for the excitation of the nS levels, the observation of the population decay being made on the nS -+ 5P 1/2 line. The nD states are produced by using light pulses whose wavelengths correspond either, to the 5PI/2 --+ nD3/2 transitions for n 13, or to the 5P3/2 -+ nD3/2,5/2 transitions for n &#x3E; 13; the population decay is observed on these same lines. Such a choice is determined by the fact that we are also interested in the study of some collisional properties of the nD states (results concerning the collisional properties of both the S and D levels will be published elsewhere [8]). Thus our reported lifetimes refer to the nD3/2 states for n 13 and to the nD states, without allowance for fine structure, for n &#x3E; 13. This is of no importance since the lifetimes corresponding to the two fine structure levels are expected to be very close, for a given n value. A high-speed photon counting system allows the determination of the decay of the excited.state population as a function of time for a given rubidium pressure. The extrapolation to zero rubidium pressure yields the natural radiative lifetime. The experimental set-up, shown in figure 1, has been already widely Fig. 1. Experimental set-up. Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphys:01980004102011900
Calculation of radial matrix elements and radiative lifetimes for highly excited states of alkali atoms using the Coulomb approximation
2014 Radial matrix elements have been computed involving highly excited states of alkali atoms. An entirely analytical Coulomb method has been used. Particular attention has been paid in the choice of the cut criterion. The extensive data are available from the author upon request and can be used to compute, for example, oscillator strengths, radiative lifetimes, branching ratios and polarizabilities of alkali Rydberg states. In order to test the results, radiative lifetimes have been derived for highly excited (10 ~ n ~ 28), S, P, D and F states of alkali atoms. The computed lifetimes are reported and are observed to be in good agreement with the available experimental data. LE JOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE TOME 40, MAI 1979, Classification Physics Abstracts 32.70
rPET detectors design and data processing
Small animal PET systems based on rotating planar detectors posses some interesting advantages for high sensitivity, high resolution imaging. We have designed the rPET detectors based on MLS crystals assembled on a 30times30 matrix optically coupled to a flat-panel PS-PMT. Weighted position readout circuits pre-process the 64 signals from the 8times8 anodes matrix, which are digitized using a charge-integrating converter. The amplification electronics, including the trigger output for coincidence detection, and the high voltage supply are integrated in a three PCBs stack that forms the base attached to the back of the PMT. The whole assembly is enclosed in a light tight, lead (Pb) shielded aluminum box. The detectors are mounted on a rotating gantry with more than 180 degrees rotation span. The digitized events are screened and histogramed, and a modified center of gravity algorithm removes from the position calculation those signals with poor signal to noise ratio. Apparent mean crystal size on the 511 keV field-flood images is 0.6 mm, mean peak-to-valley ratio is better than 8, and intrinsic resolution is 1.5 mm at the central row, with the energy window wide open. Sensitivity (CPS) for a pair of these detectors set in coincidence at 160 mm distance is 1%