Employment-related Collective Bargaining in Germany: Annual Report 2001
The latest trends and developments on employment-related collective bargaining in Germany during the reference period are analysed in this study. We start with a quantitative overview on recent collective agreements and then describe the main types of measures negotiated in the newly concluded collective agreements.
Ausmaß und Bestimmungsgründe der Mitgliedschaft in Arbeitgeberverbänden: Eine empirische Untersuchung mit Firmendaten**
Nach einer knappen Darstellimg des theoretischen und empirischen For schungsstandes uber Arbeitgeberverbande in Deutschland werden in diesem Beitrag die Mitgliedschaft in Arbeitgeberverbanden und deren Bestimmungsgrunde unter sucht. Die Auswertung neuer Daten von uber 900 niedersachsischen Betrieben zeigt, das gut die Halfte der Industriebetriebe, in denen rund zwei Drittel aller Beschaf tigten arbeiten, Mitglied eines Arbeitgeberverbandes sind. Die Organisationswahr scheinlichkeit steigt mit der Grose und dem Alter des Betriebes, dem gewerkschaftli chen Organisationsgrad der Mitarbeiter lind dem Arbeitskampfrisiko, und sie geht mit dem Ausmas an internationalem Wettbewerb zuruck. After a brief discussion of the state of theoretical and empirical research on employers' associations in Germany, this paper investigates the membership of employers' associations and its determinants. Using a new set of data on more than 900 establishments in Lower Saxony, it is found that about 50 percent offirms in manufacturing industry (which employ about two-thirds of the total workforce) are members of an employers ' association. A firm's probability of being a member increases with the size and the age of the establishment, with union density among its employees, and with the risk of industrial disputes, whereas international competition makes membership less likely.
The Handbook of Nanotechnology: Business, Policy, and Intellectual Property Law
Acknowledgments. Foreword. Introduction. Part I: Introduction to Nanotechnology. Chapter 1: Understanding Nanotechnology. Chapter 2: The Industrial Structure Giving Rise to Nanotechnology. Part II: Nanotechnology Policy and Regulation. Chapter 3: Societal and Ethical Implications. Chapter 4: Environmental Regulation. Chapter 5: The Patent and Trademark Office. Chapter 6: FDA Regulation. Chapter 7: National Security and Export Controls. Chapter 8: Federal Funding. Chapter 9: Conclusions. Part III: Nanotechnology Business. Chapter 10: Starting a Nanotech Company. Chapter 11: Business Plans and Strategy. Chapter 12: Early Stage Financing. Chapter 13: Intellectual Property. Chapter 14: Corporate Partnering and Globalization. Chapter 15: Consolidation and Standardization. Chapter 16: Exit Opportunities. Chapter 17: Conclusions. Notes. About the Authors. Index.