Pulse–pressure loading effects on aviation and general engineering structures—review
Abstract This paper reviews various aspects of modeling an explosion on an aircraft, which can be extended to more general structures. A brief summary of material and structural models is given, followed by a detailed history of pulse–pressure loading models with an emphasis on free–free beams and how pulse characteristics affect a structure's response. Techniques to desensitize pulse shape effects are discussed, which culminate in the form of pressure–impulse isodamage curves. Studies using random loading models are also presented.
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURAL RESPONSE OF CORRUGATED BLAST WALL DEPENDING ON BLAST LOAD PULSE SHAPES
HYDROCARBON EXPLOSIONS ARE ONE OF MOST HAZARDOUS EVENTS FOR WORKERS ON OFFSHORE PLATFORMS. TO PROTECT STRUCTURES AGAINST EXPLOSION LOADS, CORRUGATED BLAST WALLS ARE TYPICALLY INSTALLED. HOWEVER, THE PROFILES OF REAL EXPLOSION LOADS ARE QUITE DIFFERENT DEPENDING ON THE CONGESTION AND CONFINEMENT OF TOPSIDE STRUC-TURES. AS THE LEVEL OF CONGESTION AND CONFINEMENT INCREASES, THE EXPLOSION LOAD INCREASES BY UP TO 8 BAR, AND THE RISING TIME OF THE LOAD DECREASES. THIS STUDY PRIMARILY AIMS TO INVESTIGATE THE STRUC-TURAL BEHAVIOR CHARACTERISTICS OF CORRUGATED BLAST WALLS UNDER DIFFERENT TYPES OF EXPLOSION LOADINGS. FOUR LOADING SHAPES WERE APPLIED IN THE STRUCTURAL RESPONSE ANALYSIS, WHICH UTILIZED A DY-NAMIC NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT METHOD.
“To those who choose to follow in our footsteps”: making women/LGBT+ soldiers (in)visible through feminist “her-story” theater
Building on Judith Butler ’ s understanding of visibility as “ the object of continuous regulation and contestation, ” art/aesthetics studies in international relations, and feminist theater studies, we identify feminist “ her-story ” theater as a unique site where Western “ gender-/sexuality-inclusive ” soldiering is visibilized, contested, and subverted. Drawing on ethnographic observations of two award-winning dramas, interviews with artists and military hosts, and ﬁ ndings from a wider research project on contemporary British military culture, we reveal the key role of heteronormative and patriarchal cultural discourses in reproducing the ambivalent positionalities of women/LGBT+ soldiers. We argue that the very visibility of women/LGBT+ soldiers on the stage paradoxically operates to make the complexities of – and struggles against – masculinized heteronormative military cultures invisible. Furthermore, despite artists ’ attempts to dissociate empowerment through soldiering from the problematic context of modern con ﬂ icts, “ her-story ” theater ultimately entrenches gendered/racialized hierarchies that normalize Western military interventions. We conclude that only through sustained feminist re ﬂ ection on the contours of “ imagined ” futures of female/ LGBT+ soldiering can this persistently problematic (in)visibility be productively disrupted.