Consequences of advances in agricultural technologies for the distribution of segetal plant communities and species in the Republic of Bashkortostan
G. R. Khasanovaa, *, M. V. Lebedevab, **, B. M. Mirkinc, and L. G. Naumovad, *** aBashkir State Agrarian University, Ufa, 450001 Russia bBotanical Garden-Institute, Ufa Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, 450080 Russia cUfa Institute of Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Russia dBashkir State Pedagogical University, Ufa, 450000 Russia *e-mail: gulnazrim@yandex.ru **e-mail: lebedevamv@mail.ru ***е-mail: leniza.gumerovna@yandex.ru Received May 12, 2016
Segetal flora of some regions of Russia: characteristics of the taxonomic structure
The authors’ data on the weed species composition in 8 geographic regions of the Russian Federation were laid at the basis of this survey. The segetal flora comprised weeds of cereals, root crops, and perennial grasses. The composition and taxonomic structure of weed species were analyzed. The total number of weedy plants encompassed 686 plant species. The level of regional weed species diversity was positively related to the area planted. Altai Territory, Udmurtia, and Rostov Province had the greatest weed species diversity, with more than 300 species, while Vologda Province had the lowest diversity (193 species). Most species-rich plant families (Asteraceae Dumort., Poaceae Barnhart, Fabaceae Lindl., Brassicaceae Burnet), genera (Potentila L., Artemisia L., Veronica L., Chenopodium L., Silene L., Trifolium L.), their subsequences, contributions of singlespecies families (17–39%) and genera (57–74%) were relatively stable systematic structure indicators. Only 18% of the species were common for all the regions. In each region there were region-specific groups of species. Weed species compositions in geographically close regions – the European part of Russia and the Urals – showed the greatest similarity. As for geographically distant regions (Altai Territory and Rostov Province), their weedy species compositions were distant and contained large groups of region-specific species.
The vegetation of central yacutian alases
Alases are unique grassland landscapes in Central Yacutia, their development influenced by extra-continental arid climate. Twenty three associations have been distinguished and described. These associations form an ecological series from steppe withFestuca lenensis andStipa krylovii through salt and swamp meadow (Hordeum brevisubulatum, Puccinellia tenuiflora, Alopecurus arundinaceus, Calamagrostis langsdorffii, Carex juncella) to swamp communities ofScolochloa festucacea, Glyceria triflora, Scirpus lacustris andTypha latifolia. The community complexes of specific elements of alas landscapes—baidjerakhs and bulgunnyakhs—are analysed.