Numerical Damage Prediction and Experiments in Deep Drawing of Irregular Square Cup
Deep drawing is an important sheet metal forming process in the industry. The deep drawing of irregular square cup was investigated in this paper. To predict the damage of irregular square cup, different blank hold forces and blank shapes were studied in the numerical model. The experiment was carried out with the optimized blank force holder and blank shapes, the crack and thickness distribution were investigated. The results of the experiment accorded with those of the numerical simulations, which show the validity of the simulation to predict where the damaged zones will appear in the part during the deformation.
Review on Optimization of process parameter in square shaped components in deep drawing process .
Deep drawing is one of the most importing processes for forming a sheet metal parts. It is widely used for mass production of good strength and light weight part in automobile and aerospace industries. Optimization of process parameters in sheet metal forming is the important task to reduced manufacturing cost per year. In this review paper importance is given to gather the recent research work and the effect of process parameter on the sheet metal component .There are many process parameters like that blank holding force, die radius, friction, punch speed, and other factors that affect on product quality produced by deep drawing process. In square shape of component major failures are occurs due to stress concentration at the square shape sharp edges of die and punch. Therefore is important to optimize the process parameters to avoid stress concentration. For the ooptimization several tools have been used by researcher like ANOVA, FEA, Taguchi etc. In this review paper major focus is to review for square shape deep drawing component.
Mucoadhesive Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery to the Anterior Eye
While the use of topical drops for the delivery of drugs to the anterior of the eye is well accepted, it is far from efficient with as little as 5% of the drug instilled on the eye actually reaching the target tissue. The ability to prolong the residence time on the eye is desirable. Based on the acceptability of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate based polymers in contact lens applications, the current work focuses on the development of a poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)) nanoparticle system. The particles were modified to allow for degradation and to permit mucoadhesion. Size and morphological analysis of the final polymer products showed that nano-sized, spherical particles were produced. FTIR spectra demonstrated that the nanoparticles comprised poly(HEMA) and that 3-(acrylamido)phenylboronic acid (3AAPBA), as a mucoadhesive, was successfully incorporated. Degradation of nanoparticles containing N,N′-bis(acryloyl)cystamine (BAC) after incubation with DL-dithiothreitol (DTT) was confirmed by a decrease in turbidity and through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Nanoparticle mucoadhesion was shown through an in-vitro zeta potential analysis.