EVALUASI EFEKTIVITAS PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL: STUDI KASUS PADA PT HUTAMA KARYA (PERSERO)
Internal control can improve the accuracy and confidence of accounting information data by preventing errors. There are five components of internal control as a process to produce adequate control. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of internal control at PT Hutama Karya ( Persero ) Regional Office IV. This research is a quantitative descriptive . The sampling was purposive sampling method , and there are 15 samples. Data collection method used was a questionnaire technique. Based on calculations that are based on respondent's answers regarding internal control PT Hutama Karya ( Persero ) Regional Office IV, which fit into the category quite effective.
Effectiveness of Internal Control, Good Governance, and Ethics on Budgetary Discipline
This study aims to determine the effect of the effectiveness of internal control, good governance and ethics on budgetary discipline. The object of this study is the Supervisor, Corporate Governance Manager, Budget Manager, Internal Auditor, Head of Internal Auditors in companies in the automotive category and automotive spare parts located in the KIIC Industrial Zone, Karawang, West Java. This research was conducted by sending questionnaires to 89 respondents. Therefore, the data analysis used is PLS SEM. The results showed that the effectiveness of internal control variables had a negative but significant effect on budgetary discipline, good governance and ethics had a positive and significant effect on budgetary discipline.
Application of the Kano Model for a Better Understanding of Customer Requirements in Higher Education—A Pilot Study
Various pieces of information and knowledge turn into “know-how” simply by their application in the market. This applies to all spheres of activities. It is therefore important to know and understand the requirements of customers already in the stage of making a product, and to confront these with the possibilities of a producer. In this article we are exploring the possibilities of a better understanding of the requirements of customers and stakeholders in the process of the creation of products in educational services. In particular, we examined seven general requirements: practice orientation, ethical orientation, research orientation, quality resources, innovation orientation, skills orientation, and quality staff. We use the Kano model on a pilot sample of respondents at an institution of higher education. Our results showed that “practice orientation” and “quality resources” are the most stable requirements, while “quality staff” is the least stable. The most linear requirement (the same effect on satisfaction and dissatisfaction) is “innovation orientation”. “Research orientation” belongs to attractive requirements and we also found that in the case of “ethical orientation” there are weak relations between positive and negative responses in our survey. The “skills orientation” proved to be too general, and our research shows that it could be indifferent. It is therefore advisable to specify the investigated skills when investigating requirements on educational services. The main contribution based on the proposed research procedures is an effective linking of customers and producers already from the beginning of constructing a value chain. Investing in sophisticated management approaches when modelling products and processes can thus become a significant source of the competitive advantage of an educational institution. At the same time, it is a contribution to better placing of its graduates in the labor market.