Using Ti-doped GaZnO/InGaZnO/Ti-doped GaZnO sandwich composite Structure to enhance the device performances of transparent thin-film transistors
In this study, two transparent thin-film transistors (TFTs) with distinct channel designs were fabricated. The first was a single channel TFT (SC-TFT) with a typical 50-nm-thick amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide (a-IGZO) layer, and the second was a sandwich composite-channel TFT (CC-TFT) comprising three layers of 10-/30-/10-nm-thick Ti-doped GaZnO (GTZO)/a-IGZO/GTZO. In the CC-TFT, the bottom GTZO thin film in the composite channel exhibited a highly smooth surface, serving as a buffer template for superior IGZO channel layer thin-film growth. The studies of material quality indicated that the CC-TFT exhibited improved a-IGZO thin-film quality; relative to the SC-TFT, the oxygen vacancy concentration of the IGZO layer in the composite structure was reduced from 25.1% to 18.2% because of the adoption of a GTZO buffer layer. The CC-TFT demonstrated a high level of device performance, exhibiting an excellent field-effect mobility of 14.1 cm2/V-s, subthreshold swing of 0.33 V/decade, off current of 2.92 × 10−12 A, threshold voltage of 1.7 V, and on-off current ratio of 3.95 × 107.
The effects of high-energy electron beam irradiation on the properties of IGZO thin films prepared by rf magnetron sputtering
S. H. Jung, H. J. Moon, M. K. Ryu, K. I. Cho, B. S. Bae and E.-J. Yun* College of New IT Engineering, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam 336-795, Korea Department of Semiconductor and Display Engineering, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam 336-795, Korea Laboratory Oxide Electronics Research Team, ETRI, Daejeon 305-350, Korea Department of Semiconductor and Display Engineering and College of New IT Engineering, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam 336-795, Korea Department of Semiconductor and Display Engineering and Department of System Control Engineering, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam 336-795, Korea
Within and Inter-Institutional Differences Between Death Certifiers on Autopsy Conclusions
This study seeks to establish whether medico-legal practitioners differ in their autopsy conclusions within and across medico-legal institutions. Data include 459 violent deaths (homicides, suicides, and accidents) autopsy reports written by more than 20 death certifiers from four medico-legal institutions in two countries (France and the United States). Multinomial models show that compared with accidental deaths, weapon use and decedents’ characteristics both influence a homicide verdict, but not a suicide one. In addition, French practitioners are more likely than Americans to reach a conclusion of homicide or suicide compared with accident, and homicides are more likely to be certified by male practitioners.