HBM ESD EDA check method applied to complete smart power IC's — Functional initialization and implementation
A functional approach to check global IC ESD schematic network correctness and protected circuitry ESD compliance using Calibre® Mentor PERC is presented and applied to Smart Power IC product. Developed checker exploits an initialization method able to accurately define ESD paths. The project follows ESD Association EDA International Working Group guidelines.
Topology-aware ESD checking: A new approach to ESD protection
We introduce a topology-aware electrostatic discharge (ESD) verification flow that enhances ESD protection circuitry verification with customizable rule checking and reporting. This methodology reduces invalid errors and enhances debugging to ensure adequate ESD protection. Using a rule for parasitic bipolar devices, we demonstrate the use of and benefits provided by the flow.
Numerical analysis of surface crack propagation in flexible pavements using XFEM and cohesive zone model
Surface initiated (top-down) cracking in the longitudinal direction of pavements has become a predominant mode of failure in thick asphalt pavements. Most previous researchers studied crack propagation using the traditional Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) method by calculating the stress intensity factor around the crack tip. In this paper, Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) was used to study the key factors causing surface initiated crack propagation under surface tension and/or shear. A two-dimensional (2-D) finite element (FE) model for a two-lane flexible pavement was built to predict pavement responses and crack propagation potential under various scenarios. It was found that surface tension is the major driving force for crack propagation when the crack is at some distance away from tire loading. The results show that the distance from the location of crack to tire loading, the depth and direction of the crack, and the modulus ratio between the hot-mix asphalt (HMA) layer and the base layer have significant influences on crack propagation under surface tension. On the other hand, this study shows that shear stress can induce surface initiated crack propagation near the loading area as the shear resistance of material becomes low at the high temperature.