Agroterrorism: Threats and Preparedness
The potential of terrorist attacks against agricultural targets (agroterrorism) is increasingly recognized as a national security threat, especially after the events of September 11, 2001. This report focuses primarily on biological weapons (rather than chemical weapons) because biological weapons generally are considered the more potent agroterrorism threat. This report also focuses more on the threat of agroterrorism against agricultural production, rather than on food processing and distribution, although the latter is discussed.
Agroterrorism targeting livestock: a review with a focus on early detection systems.
Agroterrorism targeting livestock can be described as the intentional introduction of an animal disease agent against livestock with the purpose of causing economic damage, disrupting socioeconomic stability of a country, and creating panic and distress. This type of terrorism can be alluring to terrorists because animal disease agents are easily available. This review addresses the vulnerabilities of the livestock industry to agroterrorism. However, we also show that early detection systems have recently been developed for agroterrorism and deliberate spread of animal pathogens in livestock, including an agroterrorism intelligence cycle, syndromic surveillance programs, and computer-based clinical decision support systems that can be used for early detection of notifiable animal diseases. The development of DIVA-vaccines in the past 10 to 15 years has created, in principle, an excellent response instrument to counter intentional animal disease outbreaks. These developments have made our animal agriculture less vulnerable to agroterrorism. But we cannot relax; there are still many challenges, in particular with respect to integration of first line of defense, law enforcement, and early detection systems for animal diseases.
Beyond zero tolerance : discrimination in military culture
Chapter 1 Introduction: Rethinking Military Culture Part 2 Constructing Military Culture Chapter 3 Discrimination and Military Cohesion: An Organizational Perspective Chapter 4 Military Folk Culture Chapter 5 Dressed to Kill? The Paradox of Women in Military Uniforms Chapter 6 A Tangled Webb the Navy Can't Afford Chapter 7 Women at the U.S. Army War College Part 8 The Military, Society, and Policy Chapter 9 Reflections of Society: The Intersection of Race and Gender in the U.S. Army in World War II Chapter 10 Intersectionality: A Necessary Consideration for Women of Color in the Military? Chapter 11 In War and Peace: Incidence and Implications of Rape by Military Personnel Chapter 12 Persistence of Sexual Harassment: The Impact of Military Culture on Policy Implementation Chapter 13 A Culture of Silence: Consequences of Don't Ask, Don't Tell, Don't Pursue Chapter 14 Gender and Sexual Orientation Diversity in Modern Military Forces: Cross-National Patterns Chapter 15 Military Culture and Military Families