Structure of argentamine
ConclusionsOn the basis of chemical transformations and the UV, IR, and mass spectra of argentamine, isolated from the epigeal part ofAmmodendron argenteum O. Ktze, the structure of (—)-13-hydroxythermopsine has been proposed as the the most probable one for it. It has been shown that argentamine and baptifoline are epimeric at C11.
17-HYDROXYLUPANINE AND 17-OXYLUPANINE
Silver oxide has been shown to oxidize lupanine to 17-hydroxylupanine. This base gives an anhydronium perchlorate identical with the "dehydrolupanine (NBS)" perchlorate of Marion and Leonard. 17-Oxylupanine is described, and, from the observation that it can be reduced catalytically to oxysparteine, the stereochemistry of aphylline and oxysparteine is deduced. The basic strength of tertiary carbinolamines is discussed.
Mentally disordered offenders and the law: Research update on the insanity defense, 2004-2019.
The insanity defense is among the most controversial legal constructs that has attracted the attention of scholars, practitioners and policy makers. Here, we conducted a systematic review of the literature spanning 2004 to 2019 that produced 58 studies of insanity defense research. Findings are organized according to: (1) assessments and assessment-related issues, (2) juror decision-making in defense trials, (3) characteristics of insanity acquittees, (4) release recommendations for insanity acquittees, (5) revocation of conditional release status of insanity acquittees, and (6) additional areas of insanity defense research. Implications of the research for the insanity defense and cognate legal issues are proffered.