IMPLIKASI ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY BLUEPRINT TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA KE SINGAPURA
This research explains about the effect of free flow of goods as a form of schedule blueprint strategies for the scheme towards the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) on the development of Indonesia's trade to Siangapura. ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) 2015 will open up more opportunities for free flow of goods, services, investment, capital to labor through out the ASEAN region. On one hand, implementation of free flow of goods ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) would provide opportunities for expanding and intensifying Indonesia. The efforts to expand and intensify export to ASEAN market would give optimum result if it is accompanied by promoting cooperation among industries in ASEAN through regional production network. On the other hand, free flow of goods ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) would also become a threat for Indonesia and domestic market if businessmen as well as government have not prepared yet for this new era competition in ASEAN. Since ASEAN member countries produce almost similar products, the challenge for businessmen is to produce competitive products based on differentiation, efficiency and innovation. This research uses the perspective of liberalism that supports the international economy based on free trade, because it involves the cooperation in the field of trade between Indonesia and Singapore. The data sources used in this research are books, journals, working papers, and valid news from websites. Implementation of the ASEAN Economic Community Blueprint will have implications on the economy of Indonesia and ASEAN in terms of macro-economic conditions or competition between the regions visible from local revenues, state investment allocation and composition of international trade. Keywords: Blueprint, Economic Integration, Cooperation, Trade.
Potential Con fl ict Among ASEAN Member States in The Implementation of The ASEAN Economic Community
The fi ndings in this article defy the common assumption that the free market, including the formation of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) in Southeast Asia, is correlated with the creation of a spillover and complex interdependency, reducing confl icts between countries in the region. This fi nding could well contribute as a theory in the academic sphere and as policies in the practical world. The author uses a theoretical framework of structural realism to explain the potential confl ict between countries of the Southeast Asian region. There are four potential confl ict situations among countries in the implementation of AEC: fi rstly, the structure of economic disparity. This situation would construct an identity of in-group – out-group or “us” versus “them” in the context of who gains and loses in the AEC. Secondly, similarity of natural resources. This fact led the Southeast Asian countries to compete and create standardization wherein each party is in hostile competition to claim valid fi ndings and arguments associated with eff orts to reduce or stop the fl ow of imports into their respective countries. Thirdly, competition among businesses, in which AEC constructed free market could potentially provoke the emergence of regional trading cartel. Fourthly, the structure of military power. Historical records show that any economic growth occurring in a country will be accompanied by the growth of its military budget.
The ASEAN Economic Community and the European Experience
In November 2002, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) committed itself to the creation of an ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), in which goods, services, capital, and skilled labor would flow freely by the year 2020, or possibly even 2015. Hence, the AEC will guide the ASEAN integration agenda for at least the medium-term. The object of this paper is to analyze the lessons (both positive and negative) for the AEC that might be gleaned from the European Union (EU)Â economic integration experience. The paper notes that while there is much that the EU experience can teach ASEAN, the region should not underestimate the substantive differences between the two regions or their differing historical contexts . Based on this analysis, the paper also suggests various approaches to the creation of the AEC that ASEAN might consider as it concretizes the AEC program.