Generation and confinement of uniform magnetic fields with distributions of surface currents
This paper presents the methodology for generation and confinement of a uniform magnetic field of intensity H/sub 0/ in an arbitrary assigned polyhedral cavity C enclosed by planar surfaces s/sub h/. The design methodology presented in this paper can generate novel self-shielding polyhedral structures of surface currents. Unlike in conventional solenoid magnet, the field generated by these structures is perpendicular to the main axis of the cavity.
Equivalent structures of permanent magnets and electric currents designed to generate uniform fields
Generation and confinement of a magnetic field by means of permanent magnets as well as time‐independent electric currents are analyzed, and the conditions of existence of uniform field solutions are established in the general case of structures that enclose a region of arbitrary geometry. Basic properties of distributions of the electric currents are compared with the properties of yokeless structures of permanent magnets intended to generate the same uniform field within the same region.
The Challenges of Reforming Intellectual Property Protection for Computer Software
This article examines three critical, interrelated challenges for reforming legal protection for computer software: (1) analyzing the market failures that might justify government intervention to define (or alter) the legal entitlements granted for software innovations; (2) predicting the likely path of computer technology; and (3) anticipating and navigating potential impediments to legislative reform of legal protection for software. It warns that patent protection for computer software poses serious potential problems and should be addressed before powerful economic interests vest in large software patent portfolios.