Operation & Maintenance of Tailings Earth En Dam Specially For Disposal of Fly Ash from Thermal Power Stations
Several tailings earthen dams have failed during monsoon. Due to failure of tailings dam, stored tailings waste gets release in downstream area causing environmental hazard. Ash produced by combustion of coal in thermal power stations are stored in ash pond. No well-defined provision of operation and maintenance exists for ash pond. Therefore, this paper describes various issues related to operation and maintenance of ash pond.
DENSIFICATION OF DEPOSITED ASH SLURRY
In India, ash content in coal is usually high and percentage utilization for construction is limited. As a result, about 90 to 95 percentage of the ash generated has to be deposited in ash pond. The present ash generation is about 75 million tonnes and it is likely to exceed I 00 million tonnes by the end of this century. During the last decade, several laboratory studies have been made on densification of deposited ash slurry by vibration, application of vacuum, electro osmosis, etc. In last few years, with assistance from Department of Science and Technology, field experiments have been carried out to densify the deposit by vtbro flotation technique and also by explosives. This paper describes brief literature review on the subject andsummary of compaction achieved in field by vibroflotation as well as explosives. Based on the study canied out so far, it appears that densification in ash pond is very effective for rehabilitation of the area for housing or other use. It also eliminates chan~ Qf liquefaction during earthquake.
The identity and self-perception of artists-managers
Manager’s and artist’s professional identities seem to be opposite, but there are many indications that this understanding is not justified in reality. Despite the contradictions, these two identities can intersect. The paper aims to define the characteristics of the artists-managers’ identity. The object of the study was qualitative research (n = 22) conducted in the form of in-depth interviews with key informants from the international environment. The practical objective was to verify common and contradicted features of the artist’s and the manager’s identities among artists-managers to understand the possibilities of reducing the intra-psychic tensions and ways of fruitful paradoxical thinking among managers and negative consequences for personalities and organizations. The study reveals common characteristics between the artist’s and manager’s identities and describes artists-managers’ identity. Although artists-managers experience diversity between both identities, they do not see them as contrary; they use paradoxical thinking, being experts in using personal seemingly contradictory characteristics to achieve outstanding performance. Acting in paradoxical contexts and focusing on the positive aspects of seemingly contradictory personal qualities, they find nonstandard creative solutions. By trying to understand and implement their self-construction, there is the possibility to reduce the intra-psychic tensions and negative consequences of seemingly opposite identities or goals among individuals in organizations. There is a synergy between the manager’s and artist’s identities. Understanding the nature and attributes of artistic creativity, aesthetic theories and the phenomenon of artist-manager’s identity can be a valuable contribution to the practice of management and organizational life.