The Saint Pierre and Miquelon dispute: Towards a further redefinition of French fishing rights in the Northwest Atlantic
Abstract The Canada-France dispute concerning the extent of maritime jurisdiction around the islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon is distinct from other maritime boundary disputes. The French claim creates a large enclave within Canada's 200 nautical mile zone, raises questions about the extent of maritime jurisdiction which dependent islands can claim, and involves historic fishing rights governed by treaty. After reviewing the redefinition and relocation of these rights, attention is turned to what has happened since 1977. It is argued that the effect of the boundary settlement to be decided by an international tribunal will be critical to both Canadian and French fisheries. Whatever the tribunal's decision, it will be another step in the redefinition of the French fishing rights in the Northwest Atlantic but it will not be the last. It is likely to be followed by a renegotiation of the 1972 fisheries agreement which continues to govern French fishing rights in the Canadian exclusive fishing zone.
A Study on Reliable Shoreline Extraction Method by Way of Determination of Optimum Vertex Interval
For efficient quantification and management of shorelines, the vertex interval is of utmost importance and should therefore be reasonably determined. In the present study, a method to determine the optimum vertex interval for use in reliable shoreline calculation is proposed. As the first step of the procedure, grids designed on the premise of a grid-based algorithm were superimposed on the shoreline area. Consequently, the shoreline in each grid unit was simplified. In order to calculate the shoreline length a sum of the shorelines extracted by simplification was drawn out. The optimal vertex interval needed to perform reliable shoreline calculation can be derived by comparing shoreline extraction results of different grid sizes with a reference dataset. The result provides an optimal vertex interval for calculating the length of the shoreline while meeting a certain level of accuracy.
Beings of nature and reason: mythological masculinities in early 18th-century French art and visual culture
Statement of Originality Acknowledgments List of Illustrations Introduction 11 Chapter One Of Myth and Men 27 Chapter Two In the Likeness of Bacchus 62 Chapter Three Venus and a Satyr 97 Chapter Four Pan and Syrinx 141 Chapter Five Marsyas Flayed by the Order of Apollo 175 Conclusion 212 Catalogue of Images 227 Bibliography 300