‘Biaxial serial excision’ or ‘polyaxial serial excision’
However, I wish to differ on the terminology used for the technique ‘biaxial’, described by the author, as it gives an erroneous impression. Biaxial implies two axes as shown in Figure 1 a and b where, the skin laxity in two axes is taken advantage of, in order to close the skin edges. The author’s technique described as “edges of the ellipse (excision planned) are extended outwards into multiple W’S and V’s” can be analyzed as in Figure 2a and b where the multiple W’s or V’s can be joined to form multiple ellipses. One can now see that the axes of excision of these different ellipses are multiple and the technique takes advantage of skin laxity along multiple different axes. Therefore, geometrically speaking, the technique should be called‘Polyaxial serial excision› and not Biaxial serial excision’ as claimed by the author.
Integrating a Profile of Frontal Face With Its Mirror Image for Facial Reconstruction
Introduction and Objectives: Face recognition plays an important role in the field of biometrics, bioinformatics, and forensic identification. Human faces appear bilaterally symmetric. However, asymmetry is a norm in the human body and careful morphological and metric examination of the human face gives an exact idea of the asymmetry present in the face of an individual. Most of the studies on asymmetry of human face have been carried out with regard to evaluation of expressions in psychology, anthropology, and biometrics. In this preliminary study, an idea of the human face symmetry has been used for complete facial reconstruction. Sometimes, in the CCTV cameras and other surveillance systems, the complete face is not visible, but only a half of the frontal face is detectable. In all such cases, the mirror image of the face can be used to reconstruct the complete face of the person in question for representation-based face recognition. In previous studies related to forensic identification and in the discipline of computer science, mirror images have only been used to overcome and deal with the problem of nonsufficient training sample and have not been used for the reconstruction of the full facial profile. Methodology: In this article, we present a computerized methodology to generate the mirror image from one frontal half of the face (either left or right) and merging the both (input image and generated mirror image) halves to create the full face. The program was designed using METLAB computer program. This procedure is very simple, less time–consuming, and computationally efficient. Results and Conclusion: The results have been presented with regard to generate a complete face in those cases where only one frontal profile, that is, left or right sides of the face is available for examination. The scenario is commonly seen in those cases also where shadow almost hides one half of the face. The proposed methodology would also be useful for improving other facial reconstruction and recognition methods in forensic identification and in other medical fields such as plastic surgery, where creating full face still poses a technical challenge to a plastic surgeon. Some challenges, limitations, and future perspectives of the method have also been discussed in the article.
Heat Recovery Systems
Geothermal energy is recovered from an underground zone of relatively hot strata via a borehole into which is inserted a heat pipe system containing a working fluid, the heat pipe system comprising an assembly of two tubes in concentric relation, the inner tube being constituted by a relatively small diameter capillary for the return of working fluid to the vicinity of the zone of the relatively hot strata. The working fluid is preferably assisted in its return under gravity by means of a pump. The system includes heat exchange means operable to recover thermal energy from the working fluid. A third and outermost tube may be used to reduce heat losses, this third tube enclosing the two tubes over all but that part of their length which is in the zone of relatively hot strata.