Comparative study of the ferromagnetic resonance behavior of coupled rectangular and circular Ni[subscript 80]Fe[subscript 20] rings
Comparative study of the ferromagnetic resonance behavior of coupled rectangular and circular Ni80Fe20 rings G. Shimon,1,2 A. O. Adeyeye,1,2,* and C. A. Ross2,3,† 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 4 Engineering Drive 3, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore 2Singapore-MIT Alliance, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576, Singapore 3Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (Received 23 September 2013; revised manuscript received 29 November 2013; published 7 January 2014)
Magnetic Memory: Fundamentals and Technology
If you are a semiconductor engineer or a magnetics physicist developing magnetic memory, get the information you need with this, the first book on magnetic memory. From magnetics to the engineering design of memory, this practical book explains key magnetic properties and how they are related to memory performance, characterization methods of magnetic films, and tunneling magnetoresistance effect devices. It also covers memory cell options, array architecture, circuit models, and read-write engineering issues. You'll understand the soft fail nature of magnetic memory, which is very different from that of semiconductor memory, as well as methods to deal with the issue. You'll also get invaluable problem-solving insights from real-world memory case studies. This is an essential book for semiconductor engineers who need to understand magnetics, and for magnetics physicists who work with MRAM. It is also a valuable reference for graduate students working in electronic/magnetic device research.
Studies on root enamel (2). Enamel pearls. A review of their morphology, localization, nomenclature, occurrence, classification, histogenesis and incidence.
Enamel pearls are one of a number of different enamel structures that can be found on the roots of deciduous and permanent teeth. They have a distinct predilection for the furcation areas of molar teeth, particularly the maxillary third and second molars. They can consist primarily of enamel, but in most instances, a core of dentin is contained within them. On rare occasions, even pulpal tissues can be found. Enamel pearls usually occur singularly, but up to 4 enamel pearls have been observed on the same tooth. Depending on the study, enamel pearls on permanent molar teeth have an incidence rate of between 1.1%-9.7% with distinct differences among racial and national groups. The incidence of enamel pearls increases greatly in histological studies, suggesting that they are often obscured by a covering of cementum.