Backscattered supercontinuum emission from high-intensity laser-plasma interactions.
We performed high-intensity subpicosecond laser-plasma interaction experiments to examine nonlinear scattering mechanisms in underdense plasmas. At incident laser intensities of 2 x 10(18) W/cm(2) the stimulated-Raman-backscattered spectrum exhibited an extremely broad, supercontinuumlike structure (Deltaomega/omega(0) > 1) extending from ~500 to >1200 nm (limited only by detector sensitivity). Large-amplitude modulations in the spectrum of the backscattered light were measured and are attributed to an interaction of the stimulated-Raman-scattered radiation with ion plasma waves.
Subpicosecond Thomson scattering measurements of optically ionized helium plasmas.
We present the first subpicosecond time-resolved temperature measurements of plasmas produced by high-intensity optical ionization. Thomson scattering is used to measure electron and ion temperatures of helium plasmas created by 125 fs, 800 nm laser pulses focused to an intensity of 2 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{17}$ W/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$. We find that the electron temperature is accurately predicted by a tunneling ionization model. The measured ion temperature is consistent with direct heating by the laser pulse.
Philosophy in a new key : a study in the symbolism of reason, rite, and art
A Prefatory Notes to the Third Edition Preface to the Edition of 1951 Chapter 1: The New Key Chapter 2: Symbolic Transformations Chapter 3: The Logic of Signs and Symbols Chapter 4: Discursive Forms and Presentational Forms Chapter 5: Language Chapter 6: Life-Symbols: The Roots of Sacrament Chapter 7: Life-Symbols: The Roots of Myth Chapter 8: On Significance in Music Chapter 9: The Genesis of Artistic Import Chapter 10: The Fabric of Meaning