Research on mechanical fault diagnoses methodology of a circuit breaker based on the voltage and current during its operation
The performance of a circuit breaker during its operation has great impact to the power system security and is of great concern to the operation and management department of power grid. This paper presents a new method to acquire the performance information of the circuit breaker during its connecting/disconnecting operation through the voltage and current waveforms‥ Due to capacitance effects between dynamic and static contact, the voltage and current parameters in the process of connecting/disconnecting can be decomposed into two parts by orthogonal transformation method. The two parts are active and reactive power. The reactive component is generated by the capacitance effects. When the circuit breaker mechanical failure, particularly in velocity of contact anomalies, the capacitance effects will naturally be affected, that is, the reactive component will contain abnormal part inevitably. This method can effectively suppress interference, highlight the major characteristic quantities of the circuit breaker, and evaluate its mechanical performance.
Bibliography of Switchgear Literature
This bibliography was prepared for the IEEE Education, Recognition and Planning Subcommittee of the IEEE Switchgear Committee to be used as a reference for switchgear education. The references essentially cover the period of time from 1975 through 1979 with a few papers preceding this period. The last complete bibliography appeared in the AIEE Transactions, Vol. 94, pp. 908-914, 1975. It is expected that these references will be updated on a regular basis hereafter.
Nietzsche: Philosopher, Psychologist, Antichrist
This classic is the benchmark against which all modern books about Nietzsche are measured. When Walter Kaufmann wrote it in the immediate aftermath of World War II, most scholars outside Germany viewed Nietzsche as part madman, part proto-Nazi, and almost wholly unphilosophical. Kaufmann rehabilitated Nietzsche nearly single-handedly, presenting his works as one of the great achievements of Western philosophy. Responding to the powerful myths and countermyths that had sprung up around Nietzsche, Kaufmann offered a patient, evenhanded account of his life and works, and of the uses and abuses to which subsequent generations had put his ideas.Without ignoring or downplaying the ugliness of many of Nietzsche's proclamations, he set them in the context of his work as a whole and of the counterexamples yielded by a responsible reading of his books. More positively, he presented Nietzsche's ideas about power as one of the great accomplishments of modern philosophy, arguing that his conception of the "will to power" was not a crude apology for ruthless self-assertion but must be linked to Nietzsche's equally profound ideas about sublimation.He also presented Nietzsche as a pioneer of modern psychology and argued that a key to understanding his overall philosophy is to see it as a reaction against Christianity. Many scholars in the past half century have taken issue with some of Kaufmann's interpretations, but the book ranks as one of the most influential accounts ever written of any major Western thinker.