Study of Extended Defect Structure Induced by Pulsed Laser Annealing in Implanted Silicon Crystals
(a) Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotniko´w 32/46,PL-02-668 Warsaw, Poland(b) Institute of Experimental Physics, Warsaw University, Ul. Hoz˙a 69,PL-00-681 Warsaw, Poland(c) Institute of Electron Technology, Al. Lotniko´w 32/46, PL-02-668 Warsaw, Poland(Received October 1, 1998)An analysis of extended defects generated during annealing by pulsed excimer laser radiation in sili-con crystals implanted with Ge ions is presented. The investigation was performed by means of twocomplementary methods: the interference-polarizing microscopy and the Lang X-ray transmissiontopography. The existence of extended defects was revealed. It has been stated that the distributionof these defects depends on the distribution of the power density in the laser beam cross-section.
Recrystallisation and dopant diffusion in amorphised germanium layers upon pulsed laser annealing
Abstract In the present paper the results of investigations of the recrystallisation process in amorphous Ge near-surface layers induced by laser annealing are reported. Amorphised layers were created by implantation of Ge single crystal with 150 keV Sn ions at a dose 1×10 16 cm −2 . Structural changes and redistribution of dopants were caused in irradiated materials by a single nanosecond laser pulse. For a study of the near-surface layer structure before and after laser annealing, the reflection high-energy electron diffraction technique was applied. Dopant diffusion was investigated by means of secondary ion mass spectrometry. Changes for polycrystalline of the near-surface layer structure amorphised by Sn implantation, occurred independently of the phase transitions and of the dopant concentration (0–8%).
Managerial Economics and Organizational Architecture
PART 1: Basic Concepts Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Economists' View of Behavior Chapter 3: Markets, Organizations, and the Role of Knowledge PART 2: Managerial Economics Chapter 4: Demand Chapter 5: Production and Cost Chapter 6: Market Structure Chapter 7: Pricing with Market Power Chapter 8: Economics of Strategy: Creating and Capturing Value Chapter 9: Economics of Strategy: Game Theory Chapter 10: Incentive Conflicts and Contracts PART 3: Designing Organizational Architecture Chapter 11: Organizational Architecture Chapter 12: Decision Rights: The Level of Empowerment Chapter 13: Decision Rights: Bundling Tasks into Jobs and Subunits Chapter 14: Attracting and Retaining Qualified Employees Chapter 15: Incentive Compensation Chapter 16: Individual Performance Evaluation Chapter 17: Divisional Performance Evaluation Capstone Case Study on Organizational Architecture: Arthur Andersen LLP PART 4: Applications of Organizational Architecture Chapter 18: Corporate Governance Chapter 19: Vertical Integration and Outsourcing Chapter 20: Leadership: Motivating Change within Organizations Chapter 21: Understanding the Business Environment: The Economics of Regulation Chapter 22: Ethics and Organizational Architecture Chapter 23: Organizational Architecture and the Process of Management Innovation Glossary Index