Assessment of Bacteriological Quality of Sold Meat in the Butcher Shops of Adigrat, Tigray, Ethiopia
2 Abstract: The study was carried out from November 2011 to April 2012, through which purposive sampling methodology was used to assess the bacteriological quality of sold meat in abattoir and butcher shop of Adigrat. On a total of 80 meat samples (20 samples from each stage; abattoir and butcher house of hanging meat, minced meat and refrigerated meat). The mean values of bacterial load of hanging meat, minced meat, abattoir meatand refrigerated meat were 5.5x10 , 6.5x10 , 3.2x10 and 3x10 CFU/g respectively indicating high 777 7 mean values of microbial load in the hanging meat and minced meat sales with statistically significant difference (P<0.05).Theresult also indicated that 13.75, 46.25 and 40% of the meat are acceptable,marginally acceptable and unacceptable respectively. The major bacterial pathogens isolated were Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aurous Streptococcus species and non-lactose fermenting bacteria. Most of the isolated bacteria were susceptible for the commonly used antimicrobials.Careless handling of meat at the slaughtering places and butcher shops affect the quality of meat which indicated as the presence of contamination. Therefore, particular attention to meat hygienic should be strengthened in both butcher houses and abattoirs workers.
Prevalence, viability and fertility study of bovine cystic echinococcosis in Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia.
Cet article rapporte les resultats d'une enquete menee entre mars 2006 et juillet 2006 a l'abattoir municipal de la ville de Mekelle, situee dans le nord de l'Ethiopie. Les objectifs de l'etude etaient de preciser le statut epidemiologique de l'echinococcose kystique. Pour cela, des examens ante et post-mortem ont ete realises pour caracteriser les kystes hydatiques. 66 animaux (17.55 % du cheptel etudie) ont ete trouve infestes et 74 visceres presentaient un ou plusieurs kystes. 97.3% des kystes se trouvaient sur les poumons (78.4 %) et le foie. Le nombre de lesions par organe allaient de un a plus de 20 pour les poumons. Le nombre moyen de lesions pour les organes infestes etait de 1.86, 1.07 et 1 pour les poumons, le foie et les autres organes respectivement. Sur les 125 kystes analyses, 39.5 % etaient de petite taille (< 2 cm de diametre), 18.4 % de taille moyenne (diametre de 2 a 4 cm), 12.8 % de grande taille (plus de 4 cm de diametre) et 29.6 % etaient des kystes calcifies. Parmi les lesions analysees, 52 % etaient steriles, 29.6 % calcifiees et 18.4 etaient fertiles. La proportion de kyste steriles etait plus importante dans les poumons que dans le foie. La proportion de kystes calcifies etait plus importante dans le foie que dans les autres organes.
Evaluation and Control of Collapsible Soils
Some compacted soils wetted under certain conditions of compaction and loading may exhibit additional settlement (collapse). To investigate the effect of the soil type, compaction water content, initial dry unit weight and applied pressure at wetting on collapse potential, 138 single‐oedometer tests were conducted on eight different soils. The results indicate that well‐graded soils tend to collapse more than poorly graded ones under similar conditions. Furthermore, collapse potential decreases with an increase in (1) The difference between the sand and clay percentages; (2) compaction water content; and (3) initial dry unit weight, while it increases with pressure at wetting. A multiple regression analysis was performed on the laboratory results to provide a collapse‐predictive model that was substantiated by data reported by several researchers. A chart is presented to estimate (1) The collapse potential of soils under various conditions; and (2) the critical water content beyond which no collapse is ex...