Polyester fibres structure modification using some organic solutions
The treatment causes only minor decrease in fi bre, i.e. yarn strength, while breaking elongation increases signifi cantly, almost up to 150 % in comparison to the untreated sample. Organic solvents, i.e. plasticizer solutions in the organic solvents mixture infl uence fi bre properties in a very favorable way, i.e. they can enable better dyeing, better moisture absorption, easier treatment in further phases of textile products manufacture and generally better usability. X-ray structural analysis was used to examine the infl uence of the treatment of polyester fi bres in the form of fi lament yarn, fi neness 75/26 dtex, with solutions 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 % hydroquinone and α-naphtole in the solvent mixture which contained chlorophorm and methanol (solubility parameter δ=11.7) on changing of crystalline degree and crystallite size. It was found that treated fi bres showed sharper refl exion on diffractograms than untreated ones, i.e. they showed higher crystalline degree but smaller crystallite size.
Sorption of organic solvents by packaging materials: polyethylene terephthalate and TOPAS®
The sorption of organic solvents (1-butanol and 1-octanol) by polyethylene terephthalate and TOPAS® (cyclic olefin copolymers or COC) was investigated at 3, 23 and 42 °C and was studied by coupling two techniques (in an off-line way): supercritical fluid extraction to GC/MS. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is widely perceived as a technique for the extraction of low to moderately polar compounds. The results obtained enable us to determine the corresponding diffusion coefficients and to show the relation existing between the diffusion coefficient and the following factors: the temperature, the size of diffusing molecules and the crystallinity degree of packaging materials. Therefore, the diffusions of 1-butanol and 1-octanol are less important in PET than in TOPAS® (completely amorphous).
Performance Evaluation of Fuzzy Routing Algorithms for a New Fuzzy Mixed Metric Approach
Optimizing routing decisions has been an important subject in research of communication networks. The present paper is introducing a new fuzzy mixed metric approach, which takes routing decisions based on fuzzy costs in parallel to crisp cost of other metrics. The present paper evaluates the new fuzzy approach for its performance. The paper first describes the new fuzzy approach and the fuzzy routing algorithms developed for the approach and then the performance is evaluated both in empirical and analytical terms to show its advantages over the previous fuzzy approaches and traditional link- state routing approach. The paper analyzes the performance for different cases to show the efficacy of load on delay. The present paper bargains with three such cases.