Simulation of automated real‐time gross interbank settlement
Abstract The aim of this paper is to analyze algorithms for the automated real‐time gross inter‐bank settlement (RTGS). One can change the efficiency of settlement systems by perfecting the processing of settlements and/or implementing rules for solving the gridlocks, or by applying the tools of refinancing and reservation. We focus on the settlement simulation of the Trans‐European Automated Real‐time Gross Settlement Express Transfer system (TARGET2). The system of modelling, simulation, and optimization of settlements (Baksys and Sakalauskas 2007b) is applied in the simulation of TARGET2, estimating the parameters of simulation according to the real data.
Modelling of interbank payments
Abstract Non‐cash payments are intensively growing in the payment market. Therefore modern electronic systems of interbank payments are introduced to satisfy this need. The substantial renewal of the payment system was prompted for the implementation of the new banking technologies and aimed at increasing fund turnover as well as complying with the requirements applied in regard of payment systems. Such a system change is a topical theme of discussion on the simulation and analysis of systems of such kind. The article analyses the opportunities for simulating the interbank payment system and presents a model of interbank payments flow. The model is constructed on the analysis of real flow of payments in the payment system.
Diskless linux system with unionfs for an educational computer center
The total cost of ownership is a major concern for computer centers that maintain hundreds of PCs. From our experience, it would be most important to reduce hardware faults, particularly the troubles of hard disk drives. This paper describes how we built our educational computer system using diskless PCs. Before constructing our system, the following items were listed as the objectives of client PCs: (1) run Linux, (2) work without local HD, (3) deploy a single OS image to all PCs, (4) be easy to update the OS image, (5) be applicable to as many device configurations as possible, (6) become clients for unix servers (Linux, Solaris, AIX, etc.), and (7) use open sources. We chose Vine Linux 3.1, which is a derivative of RedHat Linux and is well organized for Japanese language environment. To satisfy (3) and (5), we introduced unionfs which has stackable file system feature. The system directories and files dependent on each PC such as /tmp, /dev, /var, /etc/mtab, and /etc/fstab are generated as memory files systems in the boot procedure, and are stacked on the common OS image using unionfs. Since this stack mechanism was implemented only by adding some hook codes to /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit, our idea, we believe, is applicable to other Linux distributions. Our educational computer system consists of 8 servers, 12 boot servers and 500 diskless PCs, and is now in operation.