Hydrophobicity and insulated resistance of composite insulators with biological contamination
Biological growth has been observed on insulators installed all over the world. However its impact on the electrical performance is not well known. This paper described the investigations on the performance of post insulators with biological growth at a converter station. Both the ceramic and composite insulators were investigated. Two kinds of biological agents, lichen and mold were found on the composite insulator surface, but interestingly, no biological agent was found on the surface of ceramic insulators in the same environment condition. Lichen concentrated on the upper surface and mold on the lower surface. It seemed that the impact of lichen growth on the hydrophobicity is low, but hardly no hydrophobicity when mold growth. In addition, the insulated resistance test was carried out on the biologically contaminated insulators with and without salt water. Results show that whatever the surface was dry or not, high resistance were obtained with only less biological agent growth at the edge of insulators, but declined sharply when most of the surface was covered with lichen and mold. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to remove the mold, with which most the insulator surface is covered.
Recent literature on lichens—246
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Analysis of antioxidant capacity and bioactive compounds in marine macroalgal and lichenic extracts using different solvents and evaluation methods [Análisis de la capacidad antioxidante y compuestos bioactivos en extractos macroalgales y liquénicos mediante la aplicación de diferentes solventes y métodos de evaluación]. Ciencias Marinas 42(4): 271–288. Aptroot, A. 2017. [Review] Orange, A. 2016. Lichens of the Falkland Islands. Falklands Conservation. 120 pp. Lichenologist 49(1): 104–105. Aptroot, A. & C. Nepi. 2017. (2492) Proposal to conserve the name Marcelaria against Buscalionia (Trypetheliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota). Taxon 66(1): 200–201. Archer, A. W. & J. A. Elix. 2017. Seven new species and a new record in the lichen genus Pertusaria (Pertusariales, lichenized Ascomycota) from eastern Australia. Australasian Lichenology 80: 3–15. 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Lichenicolous fungi from Central Italy with notes on some remarkable hepaticolous, algicolous and lichenized fungi [Lichenicole pilze aus Mittelitalien mit notizen zu einigen bemerkenswerten lebermoosund algenbewohnenden pilzen sowie flechten]. Herzogia 28(1): 212–281. [New: Abrothallus teloschistis Brackel, Pérez-Ortega & Suija (on Seirophora villosa from Italy), Arthonia rangiformicola Brackel & Etayo (on Cladonia rangiformis from Italy and Spain), Pronectria zhurbenkoi Brackel (on Peltigera praetextata from Italy), Trimmatostroma glebarum Brackel (on Flavoparmelia caperata from Italy).] Brackel, W. 2016. A new lichenicolous Micarea species from BadenWürttemberg (Germany) [Eine neue flechtenbewohnende Micarea-Art aus Baden-Württemberg]. Carolinea 74: 5–9. [New: M. kemmleri Brackel (on Cladonia squamosa from Germany). Description and abstract in English, rest in German.] Brandt, A., J. Meeßen, R. U. Jänicke, M. Raguse & S. Ott. 2017. Simulated space radiation: Impact of four different types of highdose ionizing radiation on the lichen Xanthoria elegans. Astrobiology 17(2): 136–144. Breuss, O. 2016. Key to the Byssoloma species (lichenised Ascomycota, Pilocarpaceae) known from Macaronesia. Österreichische Zeitschrift für Pilzkunde 25: 95–99. Brodo, I. M. 2016. Keys to Lichens of North America: Revised and Expanded. Yale University Press, New Haven and London. 427 pages. 1 Author’s email: jlendemer@nybg.org RLL correspondence should be addressed to: recentliteraturelichens@gmail.com The cumulative database for this series is available in searchable form on the World Wide Web at http://nhm2.uio. no/botanisk/lav/RLL/RLL.HTM with full abstracts, DOIs, and links to electronically available articles when possible. Thanks to the following: Einar Timdal for his work on the RLL database, Bill Buck for checking recently published literature, Jim Bennett for sharing Scopus alerts, and the many authors who send reprints or electronic versions of their works for inclusion. DOI: 10.1639/0007-2745-120.3.361
Proposed beam diagnostics instrumentation for the LANSCE refurbishment project
Presently, the Los Alamos National Laboratory is in the process of planning a refurbishment of various subsystems within its Los Alamos Neutron Science Center accelerator facility. A part of this LANSCE facility refurbishment will include some replacement of and improvement to existing older beam-diagnostics instrumentation. While plans are still being discussed, some instrumentation that is under improvement or replacement consideration are beam phase and position measurements within the 805-MHz side-coupled cavity linac, slow wire profile measurements, typically known as wire scanners, and possibly additional installation of fast ionization-chamber loss monitors. This paper will briefly describe the requirements for these beam measurements, what we have done thus far to answer these requirements, and some of the technical issues related to the implementation of the instrumentation.