The Search for a Cultural Identity: A Personal View of South African "Indian" Theatre
Because it is a tiny community, it is often seen from without to be a homogenous group. Outsiders are often unaware of the differences between religions, languages, customs, class, and political affiliations that exacerbate internal tensions within the community. Very conscious of their minority position in the country, Indians in South Africa have also been subject to a great deal of external pressure. In the apartheid era, they were required to live in segregated areas and attend segregated schools and were also subjected to threats of repatriation to India (although these threats never materialized). At the same time, the relative affluence of some of their members and their social position caught between the haves (mostly white) and the have-nots (mostly black) made them targets of African resentment.2 As a result, there are two
South Asians and the problem of the color line: migration, race, and identity in South Africa and the United States
ii
Geomagnetic Polarity Epochs: Sierra Nevada Data, 3
Available paleomagnetic and radiometric results for about 60 igneous rocks 3.6 m.y. old or less are consistent with the following geomagnetic polarity epoch time scale: Brunhes normal polarity epoch, 0.0 to 0.85±0.15 million years; Matuyama reversed polarity epoch, 0.85±0.15 to 2.4±0.1 million years; Gauss normal polarity epoch, 2.4±0.1 to 3.35±0.1 million years; Gilbert reversed polarity epoch, 3.35±0.1 million years to (?). A brief interval of normal polarity (the Olduvai event) occurs within the Matuyama reversed epoch at about 1.9 m.y., and a brief interval of reversed polarity (the Mammoth event) occurs within the Gauss normal epoch at about 3.06 m.y. Data for twelve units from eastern California and Nevada, reported here for the first time, are particularly useful in defining the Gauss-Gilbert boundary and for recognizing the Mammoth event.