Water leak diagnosis of tiled roofs under vibration and scattering by wind tunnel experiment
This paper describes a water leak test of roof tiles. The 100 roof tiles were set up on 10 lines and 10 rows on the pitched roof in the downstream of the flow from the wind tunnel. The flow velocity was increased gradually from the low velocity to the high velocity, and the effects of the wind on the roof tiles were investigated by the water leak test. The situation of the water leak test was filmed by video camera. Two accelerometers were simultaneously used. The roof tiles which showed significant vibration at any velocity were found in a series of experiments and the accelerometers were attached to the two neighboring roof tiles on the model roof. The water leak phenomena in the experiment by using the artificial rainfall apparatus are discussed in this paper. Some mechanisms with relatively large amplitudes at low-frequency vibrations, which caused water leak phenomena were made clear.
Researches on Vibration and Scattering of Roof Tiles by Wind Tunnel Test (3rd Report, Water Leak Tests of Tiled Roof by Rainfall Apparatus)
In previous investigations, a series of wind tunnel tests was conducted on the vibration and scattering behavior of full-sized model of roof tiles, which were used widely for roofings of Japanese wooden dwellings. As a result, the mechanism of vibration and scattering of roof tiles could be understood. This paper describes a water leak test of roof tiles. The 100 roof tiles were set up on 10 lines and 10 rows on the pitched roof in the downstream of the flow from the wind tunnel. The flow velocity was increased gradually from the low velocity to the high velocity, and the effects of the wind on the roof tiles were investigated by the water leak test. The experimental apparatus for the purpose of reproducing the wind and the rain was used. The situation of the water leak test was filmed by video camera. Two accelerometers were simultaneously used. The roof tiles which showed significant vibration at any velocity were found in a series of experiments and the accelerometers were attached to the two neighboring roof tiles on the model roof. The water leak phenomena in the experiment by using the artificial rainfall apparatus are discussed in this paper. Some mechanisms with relatively large amplitudes at low-frequency vibrations, which caused water leak phenomena were made clear.
Comparison of a Radiometric Procedure with Conventional Methods for Identification of Neisseria
A radiometric procedure was compared with the conventional cystine tryptic agar (CTA) sugar fermentation method for identification of Neisseria species. Four different ATCC cultures of Neisseria were identified by both procedures with identical results. The only difference noted was that the radiometric procedure required 3 h for completion, whereas the conventional CTA sugar method required overnight incubation. The radiometric procedure was also compared with the fluorescent antibody (FA) and CTA methods for identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The organisms examined were gram-negative, oxidase-positive diplococci isolated from 49 clinical specimens sent to the laboratory for bacteriological analysis. Results obtained by both CTA and FA procedures were comparable. However, the radioisotope method appeared to be superior to the other two methods in that only one isolate identified as positive by both the CTA and FA methods was not identified radiometrically, whereas four isolates positive by the radiometric method were not identified by the other two procedures. Thus, a total of seven more positive identifications were made radiometrically than by either of the two other methods. All positive identifications were confirmed by a reference laboratory. These results indicate that the radiometric procedure is more rapid and reliable as compared with both the CTA and direct FA methods and, thus, may serve as a valuable addition to the methodology available for diagnostic microbiology.