Curzon and the limits of Viceregal power, India, 1899-1905
George Curzon was post-Mutiny India‟s most imperialist, zealous and youngest Viceroy. From 1899-1905, he attempted to single-handedly implement a 12 point reform programme designed to optimise the efficiency of administration, eliciting fierce opposition and support from the divers other constituents of the Government of India. This thesis examines two basic, intersecting themes that defined the course of George Curzon‟s Viceroyalty of India: executive power and the checks upon it. It analyses the degree to which the major constituent components of the Government of India successfully delineated and fenced in the boundaries of Viceregal power by their own, and the extent to which they collaborated with each other to do so, with reference to internal administration. The clashes over polity in the seats of power had roots in the past intimacies of the dramatis personae; impressions gained at Eton were carried over, and influenced relationships in Whitehall. Cross-disciplinary theories of power are used to explain Curzon‟s relations with his provincial governors in Madras and Bombay Presidencies, the United Provinces and Punjab, and the Indian Army, the senior Indian Civil Service, the Viceroy‟s Council, the nascent Indian National Congress and public opinion in India, the British Cabinet, the India Office, the Secretary of State and the Council of India in London. The factors that helped and hindered Curzon in his quest to integrate these disparate elements into an efficient administrative framework run along the lines he wished provide clarity to the ambiguities present in official motives and
North-West Frontier: people and events 1839-1947
The book is comprised of fifteen chapters with an epilogue, bibliography and an index. The writer Arthur Swinson (1915-70) was a British Army officer, served in India during Second World War on the East Indian Front of Kohima. The writer’ s military career can be judged in the book by his elaborate narrations of military campaign, army tactics, military terminology, equipment of wars and army units etc. The book is written in the narration form. It is the story of Frontier region of British India. The writer does not only focus on the British N.W.F.P Province, but the whole belt of the Frontier region which include the area of present day Pakistan i.e. Punjab, Sindh and Baluchistan also. It is an interesting and informative story of the most fascinating area of the world during one of its most fascinating period. The book contains nearly all the topics pertaining to the history of N.W.F.P during British rule, so it could be useful text for the students of history. The book begins with very interesting account of the geography of the region, its people and their characteristics. The description pf river Indus from its source to Arabian Sea, its basin and defensive position is well elaborated. The topography of the region, the Pakhtun, their origin, their virtues and vices, love for violence, Pkhtun wali. The accounts of travelers is well written. The history of Durrani Empire is also briefly traced. Throughout the book the writer followed the Great man Theory in his narration. He even dedicated the names chapters to them like, Lord Auckland has a plan, the poet in Simla, England finds a Hero. He discussed the personalities of many British civil and military officers in very exalted language .Some of them are Lord Auckland, Alexander Burms, Macnahten, Cavagnari, Charls Napier, John Jacob, Sandemenn, and John Lawlerance and so on.
Extent of East-African Nurse Leaders' Participation in Health Policy Development
This paper reports part of a bigger study whose aim was to develop an empowerment model that could be used to enhance nurse leaders' participation in health policy development. A Delphi survey was applied which included the following criteria: expert panelists, iterative rounds, statistical analysis, and consensus building. The expert panelists were purposively selected and included national nurse leaders in leadership positions at the nursing professional associations, nursing regulatory bodies, ministries of health, and universities in East Africa. The study was conducted in three iterative rounds. The results reported here were gathered as part of the first round of the study and that examined the extent of nurse leaders' participation in health policy development. Seventy-eight (78) expert panelists were invited to participate in the study, and the response rate was 47%. Data collection was done with the use of a self-report questionnaire. Data analysis was done by use of SPSS and descriptive statistics were examined. The findings indicated that nurse leaders participate in health policy development though participation is limited and not consistent across all the stages of health policy development. The recommendations from the findings are that health policy development process needs to be pluralistic and inclusive of all nurse leaders practicing in positions related to policy development and the process must be open to their ideas and suggestions.