Hydrolysis of substituted 8-acetoxyquinolines.
In the absence of metal ions, the hydrolysis of 2-methyl-8-acetoxyquinoline and of 5-chloro-8-acetoxyquinoline follow the same reaction paths as those of the parent ester 8-acetoxyquinoline, including an intramolecular catalysis by the quinoline nitrogen. Unlike the hydrolysis of the other esters, that of the 2-methyl compound appears not to be catalysed by metal ions, and this is consistent with the view that catalysis by a metal ion involves the formation of a 7-membered chelate structure.
Thorium determinations with 8-hydroxyquinaldine
Summary Conditions under which thorium can be quantitatively precipitated as a I:4 chelate with 8-hydroxyquinaldine have been established. This precipitate can be dried and weighed as the anhydrous compound, Th(C10H8ON)4, or dissolved in acid and the thorium determined by the dibromination of the relased 8-hydroxyquinaldine. Both methods are sensitive, precise and accurate, and have favourable analytical factors; the methods are well suited to the standardization of thorium solutions. 8-Hydroxyquinaldine has distinct advantages over the parent compound, 8-hydroxyquinoline, for the determination of thorium.
The risk of being sued by those damaged by regulatory or enforcement action: over‐regulation of financial services?
Discusses the impact of regulatory and enforcement action on banking and financial services, focusing on Switzerland, which is one of the most developed financial centres. Describes the recent increase in legislation which introduces corporate criminal liability, plus the far‐reaching Money Laundering Ordinance with its stronger due diligence requirements. Points out that in the field of financial services, liberalisation and globalisation have been met with more rather than less regulation. Concludes that, while greater regulation can be viewed as a reasonable price to pay for globalised financial services, the over‐regulation of Swiss financial services needs to be rationalised.