ARGUMENTS POUR UNE PRODUCTION TÉLÉVISUELLE À L’UNIVERSITÉ: UNE APPROCHE DES LANGUES ÉTRANGÈRES DANS L’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPÉRIEUR ILLUSTRÉE PAR DES FILMS EN ALLEMAND ET EN FRANÇAIS
Television plays an important role in teaching as well as in research of two departments at Saarland University: the Romance language department and the department of information sciences. Thus, the two department have developed a joint "University television project", historically the very first in Germany that broadcasts regularly in the context of a television station that covers an entire federal state within Germany. This paper presents the history, the goals and the types of emissions we broadcast. We have different approaches: one is the production of students that for example try to improve their intercultural and their language skills and deals with how to present information the most succesful way possible. The experiences inside and outside of the university are described.
De la médiation technologique a l'apprentissage interculturel des langues étrangères
Partant du modele de la double articulation de l'apprentissage des langues-cultures reliant l'approche intra-muros et l'approche extra-muros, on discutera l'apport des medias de masse (la television) et des self medias (la camera video) dans le cadre de l'apprentissage des langues. Comment les dimensions culturelle et interculturelle peuvent-elles s'articuler dans les deux types de medias? Grâce a la notion cle de la mediation on essaiera de repondre a cette question. La complementarite entre les deux approches mediatiques peut contribuer, esperons-nous, a un enrichissement de l'apprentissage des langues etrangeres.
The Effect of Visual Illustrations upon Perception and Retention of News Programmes
What is the importance of picture-sound interaction for the transmission of information by TV? What function has the illustration? Has the choice of illustration any effect on retention and perception of a message? These are some of the questions which we wanted to study in this investigation. We know that man's ability to perceive and retain is limited. This is true at least for the electronic media where the message is presented only once and where it is impossible to obtain repetition of the message which we missed. Very often we remember only parts of the programmes we have seen. Some items are remembered quite clearly while other pass by without leaving any trace. Perhaps parts of the programme are misunderstood, and that which is best retained may be some unimportant details. These situations are partly caused by man's limited ability to perceive and process information, and partly by the way in which information is presented. To facilitate perception, programme presentation has to be adapted to man. Increased knowledge of what facilitates information transmission or what renders it difficult is therefore of great importance. It is of special interest to study these conditions in respect of TV. In a viewing situation, attention has to be divided between picture and sound, which puts great demands on our ability. Sound and picture can disturb and counteract each other but they can also support and complement one another. Methods The experiment is designed around a TV news programme. For five of the news items the visual elements were varied systematically. The programme was recorded in eight different variants, each exactly identical in all respects except the illustrations to five of the news items. Each programme variant was shown to a group of respondents, one group for each programme variant. In this way all groups could watch and hear the same