Single step deposition method for nearly stoichiometric CuInSe2 thin films
Abstract This paper reports the production of high quality copper indium diselenide thin films using pulsed DC magnetron sputtering from a powder target. As-grown thin films consisted of pin-hole free, densely packed grains. X-ray diffraction showed that films were highly orientated in the (112) and/or (204)/(220) direction with no secondary phases present. The most surprising and exciting outcome of this study was that the as-grown films were of near stoichiometric composition, almost independent of the composition of the starting material. No additional steps or substrate heating were necessary to incorporate selenium and create single phase CuInSe2. Electrical properties obtained by hot point probe and four point probe gave values of low resistivity and showed that the films were all p-type. The physical and structural properties of these films were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Resistivity measurements were carried out using the four point probe and hot probe methods. The single step deposition process can cut down the cost of the complex multi step processes involved in the traditional vacuum based deposition techniques.
Monodispersed sphalerite CuInSe2 nanoplates and highly (112) oriented chalcopyrite thin films by nanoplates ink coating
Phase-pure, single-crystalline, monodispersed sphalerite CuInSe2 lamellar nanoplates were synthesized by a novel, green, ambient pressure solution chemical synthesis using ethylenediamine-assisted triethylene glycol solvent. The lamellar nanoplates were used to prepare ethanol-based colloidal inks and then deposit highly (112) oriented chalcopyrite thin films by ink dip-coating and subsequent annealing.
Simulating the Illuminance and Efficiency of the LEDs Used in General Household Lighting
Abstract The advantage of the LEDs illumination in general household lighting was proposed. High efficiency white LED as the light source was provided the energy saving illumination of the general household lightings. Different spaces in general household with different standards of average illuminance were designed and simulated by LightTools and DIALux software. The power consumptions and efficiency of traditional illuminated light sources and LED light source in lighting the household environment were analyzed and compared with each other at the same standard of average illuminance. Finally, it provided the advantage of using white LEDs in different spaces of the general household lighting.