Investigating the Nail Walls Performance in Jointed Rock Medium
Evaluation of the excavation-induced ground movements is an important design aspect of support systems in urban areas. Geological and geotechnical conditions of an excavation area have significant effects on excavation-induced ground movements and the related damage. This paper is aimed at studying the performance of excavation walls supported by nails in jointed rock medium. The performance of nailed walls is investigated based on evaluating the excavation-induced ground movements. For this purpose, a set of calibrated 2D finite element models are developed by taking into account the nail-rock-structure interactions, the anisotropic properties of jointed rock, and the staged construction process. The results of this paper highlight effects of different parameters such as joint inclinations, anisotropy of rocks and nail inclinations on deformation parameters of excavation wall supported by nails. Keywords—Finite element, jointed rock, nailing, performance.
Simplified Model for Wall Deflection and Ground-Surface Settlement Caused by Braced Excavation in Clays
Accurate prediction of ground-surface settlement adjacent to an excavation is often difficult to achieve without using accurate representation of small-strain nonlinearity in a soil model within finite-element analyses. In this paper a simplified semiempirical model is proposed for predicting maximum wall deflection, maximum surface settlement, and surface-settlement profile due to excavations in soft to medium clays. A large number of artificial data are generated through finite-element analyses using a well-calibrated, small-strain soil model. These data, consisting of wall displacements and ground-surface settlements in simulated excavations in soft to medium clays, provide the basis for developing the proposed semiempirical model. The proposed model is verified using case histories not used in the development of the model. The study shows that the developed model can accurately predict maximum wall deflection and ground-surface settlement caused by braced excavations in soft to medium clays.
Old English Manuscripts in the Early Age of Print: Matthew Parker and his Scribes
Covering the first dedicated program in the study of and publication of Anglo-Saxon texts, my dissertation examines the sixteenth-century origins of medieval studies as an academic discipline. By placing recent scholarship on media, materiality, cognition, and intellectual history in conversation with traditional paleographical methods on medieval and renaissance manuscript culture, I argue for a new way of understanding how early modern scholars studied and presented the medieval past. I take as my focus a corpus of emulative Anglo-Saxon manuscript transcriptions produced under Elizabethan Archbishop Matthew Parker. Equal parts facsimile and edition, these transcriptions are a unique example of early modern scholars navigating the often competing demands of late sixteenth century manuscript and print culture. This dissertation is, in part, an attempt to catalogue and document the extent of Parkerian Anglo-Saxon manuscript transcriptions. Temporally displaced from their source texts, Parker and his scribes directly modified many of the medieval manuscripts they recovered by editing, rebinding, cropping, and annotating them according to their own interpretive desires and publication needs. These transcriptions place Parker’s early modern scribes into the textual community of early medieval scribal culture, but their printed manuscript editions are an attempt to bring medieval documents into contemporary discourse. They developed new typefaces modeled on manuscript exemplars and attempted to reframe the printed version of a medieval text as an authoritative surrogate