Risk Analysis of Central Java Gas Transmission Pipeline by Risk-Based Inspection Method
During the operational period of gas transmission pipeline was found a potential hazard that could result in pipeline failure. As a consequence, the problem of the pipeline failure happening more and more. Economic and environmental factors, as well as human life, be considered to involve the current challenges as structural integrity and safety standards. Therefore, the reliability of structural integrity and security of gas pipelines under various conditions, including the existence of defects should be carefully evaluated. The results of this study were the steps for setting a Risk Level on any instrument using the Risk-Based Inspection API 581 standard and the subsequent results are recommended as an effective inspection planning by Risk Level and Remaining Life Time.
The Reliability Assessment of Crucial Components in Hydraulic Axial Pump by Two-Parameters Weibull
The proper maintenance of the hydraulic axial pump was discussed to maximize its performance and minimize downtime. In this study, reliability assessment by a two-parameter Weibull was applied as a reference for the periodic maintenance of the components in the hydraulic axial pump with a capacity of 2000 litres per second. The two-parameter Weibull consisted of shape parameter and scale parameter. An assessment was conducted to determine the critical parts and determine the failure rate of the formed data patterns. The three critical components of mechanical seal, bearing, shaft were investigated from each of sixÂ hydraulicÂ axialÂ pumps. By applying the two-parameter Weibull, the mean time to failure value of mechanical seal, bearing, and the shaft is obtained as 182.91 hours, 381.08 hours, 755.67 hours, respectively. Furthermore, the reliability values of those components were 52%, 52%, and 53%, respectively. By following these results, periodic maintenance could be then conducted regularly.
Thermodynamics on the Carbochlorination of Titanium-bearing Ores
The equilibrium compositions of the multi-component, multi-phase and multi-reaction system of carbochlorination of titanium-bearing ores are calculated with HSC, a computational chemistry software. The thermodynamic equilibrium calculation of the reaction system shows that a complete conversion of titanium-bearing ores is feasible at a temperature near 200oC. At temperatures ranging from 800 to 1600oC, the products of the reaction system are all in gaseous phase. Thermodynamic analysis accords with the industrial practice. The simulated results provide reasonable scientific basis for improving suitable technological conditions of the carbochlorination reduction.