Taking Stock of EU Military Conflict Management
Over the last decade, the EU has established itself as a player in the international field of conflict management. Both its civilian missions and military operations have played a significant part in this development. This article takes a closer look at the EU’s military endeavours in conflict management. It presents a theoretically grounded definition and a corresponding set of criteria for success in military conflict management and evaluates the operations accordingly. The article provides a comprehensive review of all the EU military conflict management operations to date. The analysis is structured and focused around the criteria for success, which provides a more nuanced picture of the Union’s operational achievements throughout its first decade in military conflict management.
Causes and Consequences of the EU’s Military Intervention in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Realist Explanation
According to International Rescue Committee data from April 2003, an estimated 3.3 million people died in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) between 1998 and 2003. Eight African states (Namibia, Angola, Zimbabwe, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Chad and Sudan) were involved.' African (especially from South Africa and Botswana), American, Belgian, British, French and EU diplomats all acted as mediators in the conflict. Most of the conflict occurred in Eastern Congo where more than 20 million people live. This region has the highest death rate of any conflict region at present, with mortality rates for children under five ranging up to nearly 30 per cent a year in areas of extreme insecurity.^ During summer 2003, in the South Kivu Province, more than 5 000 women and young children had reported being raped.^ In Eastern Congo, people have no access to services of any kind no clean water, health, education, transport or housing." The international community states, international organizations and NGOs does not seem to have responded adequately to this crisis. This article focuses on EU military intervention in summer 2003. On 12 June 2003, the EU sent 2 000 troops to the north east of the DRC in Bunia. This EU mission was code-named 'Artemis'. Its aim was to contribute to the stabilization of the security conditions and the improvement of
The politics of affect and emotion in contemporary Latin American cinema : Argentina, Brazil, Cuba, and Mexico
Between Neo-realist Sentimentality and Modernist Shock: New Latin American Cinema and Beyond Thrilling Histories: Questions of Genre and History Affecting Legacies: Contemporary Structures of Feeling Alien/Nation: Contemporary Youth in Film Emotional Investments: Global Networks and Transnational Affective Communities