Structure Optimization of Ladle Bottom Based on Finite Element Method
Ladle is an important container in metallurgy industry, and its lifetime is very important for the natural production of enterprise. The stand or fall of refractory lining of ladle decides its lifetime, yet thermal stress is the direct reason of causing refractory lining breakage. In this paper the structure of ladle mainly by changing the structure of bottom with finite element method is designed, and three scheme models are put forward. By analyzing and comparing stress field of the three ladle models, finally an optimization scheme is put forward. The experiment results indicate that the lifetime of ladle gains obvious increasement, and the rationality and practicability of the scheme have been proved. The method is feasible to improve ladle's lifetime.
Influence of Working Lining Parameters on Stress Field of Ladle Composite Construction Body
The ladle is an important equipment of the metallurgical industry. Distribution of thermomechanical stress in linings has an essential influence on its life, and the size of its life-span influences the economic benefits of the iron and steel enterprise directly. Two-dimensional model of ladle based on law of finite element method is built, and the influence of thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, elasticity coefficient and thickness of work lining on ladle stress field are discussed. The calculation results indicate that stress increases with the increase of thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient and elasticity coefficient and decrease of thickness.
Theory of Thermal Conductivity
Heat energy can be transmitted through solids via electrical carriers (electrons or holes), lattice waves (phonons), electromagnetic waves, spin waves, or other excitations. In metals electrical carriers carry the majority of the heat, while in insulators lattice waves are the dominant heat transporter. Normally, the total thermal conductivity can be written as a sum of all the components representing various excitations: 1⁄4 X ; ð1Þ