The Effect of Heat Treatment on Interface Properties of S45C Steel/Copper Compound Casting
ABSTRACT 
 
The bonding of an S45C steel inserted into copper during cast welding and heat treatment was examined. The interface shear strength was made with a push-out test. After cast welding, a cast-welding layer formed between steel and copper. After marquenching, martempering and austempering heat treatment, there was a cast-welding layer near the steel matrix, an irregular layer near the copper matrix and between of them was a middle layer. Through X-ray diffraction analysis was used to determine that the interface layer consisted of carbon and CuFeO2. Through electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA), it was showed that iron atoms and carbons, mostly, diffused into the copper matrix. The interface shear strengths of the compound casting while with marquenching, martempering, and austempering were 6.29 MPa, 8.23 MPa, and 8.33 MPa, respectively; The fractured region was all happened near S45C steel matrix in the cast welding layer.
Evaluation of Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Cast Iron with Effect Of Pre Heat and Post Weld Heat Treatment
Most of the welding of cast iron is repair welding. Carbon pickup and resulting cracks are the main concerns when welding CI. The casting process is never perfect, especially when dealing with large components. Instead of scrapping defective castings, they can often be repaired by welding. Naturally, the very high carbon concentration of typical CIs causes difficulties by introducing brittle martensite in the heat-affected zone of weld. It is therefore necessary to preheat to a temperature of 650 °C, followed by slow cooling after welding, to avoid cracking. The welding was carried out with manual shielded metal arc welding using ENiFe–CI filler metal. Shielded metal arc welding process using a nickel electrode was used to join a grey cast iron. The effect of pre heating on the microstructure, hardness, tensile and toughness was studied than the effect of post weld heat treatment (PWHT) on the microstructure, hardness, tensile and toughness was studied after that the same was tested on the preheated and post weld heat treated specimens. After that we concluded that which heat treatment process is suitable for cast iron weld.
Experimental and theoretical studies of the dislocation structure of NiO-Pt interfaces
Abstract The dislocation structure of (001) NiO-Pt interfaces was studied using electron microscopy and electron diffraction techniques. Specimens were produced by hot pressing polycrystalline Pt films on to thin NiO single crystals, and bulk Pt single crystlas on to bulk NiO single crystals. The polycrystalline Pt specimens were used to determine the favored orientation relationships between the (001) NiO and Pt, while the bulk NiO-Pt specimens were used to study the detailed structur of interface. Three categories of orientation relationships were identified: exact epitaxy with (001) pt ∥ (001) NiO , [110] Pt ∥ [110] NiO ; small rotations away from exact epitaxy about the common [001] direction, and high index planes of Pt parallel to (001) of NiO. Theoretical calculations of the expected dislocation structures of interfaces with the first two orientation relationships, as well as others which are small perturbations away from these two, were made using a Bollmann-type analysis. The experimental observations and theoretical predictions were shown to be in generally good agreement, with some differences with respect to the detailed structure. The energies of the interfaces having the first two orientation relationships were shown to be similar which is believed to be the reason why they both occur.