Long-term residual efficacy of commerical formulations of 16 pesticides toTyphlodromus pyri Scheuten (Acari: Phytoseiidae) inhabiting commerical vineyards
The long-term residual efficacy of 16 pesticides to the predatory phytoseiid mite,Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten, inhabiting commercial sprayed vineyards in South Moravia, Czchoslovakia, was evaluated in laboratory bioassays. Omethoate, chlorpyrifos-methyl and esfenvalerate were assessed as harmful and should not be sprayed. Mancozeb-efosite-Al mixture, diazinon, dicofol, bromopropylate, azinphos-ethyl and phosmet were assessed as moderately harmful. Fenitrothion, phosalone and mancozeb were assessed as slightly harmful and some of them had delayed detrimental effect on the predatory mites. These pesticides can be used only cautiously in IPM programs. Sulphur, penconazole, trimorfamid and endosulfan were assessed as harmless and can be recommended for vineyards withT. pyri.
A comparative study of the effect of some pesticides on three predacious mite species:Typhlodromus pyri, Amblyseius potentillae andA. bibens [Acarina: Phytoseiidae]
AbstractToxicological responses to 10 different pesticides were determined for 3 species of typhlodromid mites,Typhlodromus pyriScheuten,Amblyseius potentillaeGarman, andA. bibensBlommers, in order to investigate whether or notA. bibens might be used as a substitute for the 2 other species as a testing object for measuring adverse effects of pesticides.
T. pyri andA. potentillae are important predators in orchards on phytophagous mites. These species can be reared on the common spider mite,Tetranychus urticaeKoch, but they seem averse to the webbing of the spider mite. When placed on detached bean leaves on moist cotton wool withT. urticae present as prey, these typhlodromids tend to run off the leaves, especially when in addition such leaves have been treated with pesticides.A. bibens on the other hand will stay on the leaves when prey is present; it seems to be attracted by the webbing of the spider mite. This makesA. bibens an attractive testing object. In the present study the 3 species mentioned were tested comparatively in closed cells to see whether or not there might be differences in intrinsic susceptibility to pesticides. Mortality of adults, the effect on reproduction, and the mortality of eggs and juveniles were determined. It was found thatA. bibens can reasonably well replace other typhlodromids as a testing objeot for obtaining information on adverse effects of pesticides in orchards.RésuméLes effets toxiques de 10 pesticides sur 3 espèces de typhlodromes,Typhlodromus pyriScheuten,Amblyseius potentillaeGarman etA. bibensBlommers ont été examinés afin de déterminer si on peut employer ou nonA. bibens à la place des 2 autres espèces en tant qu'espèce test pour la mesure des effets nocifs des pesticides.
t. pyri etA. potentillae sont d'importants prédateurs d'acariens phytophages en vergers. Ces espèces peuvent être élevées sur l'acarien commun,Tetranychus urticaeKoch, mais présentent des réactions de répulsion à la soie de ce tetranyque. Placés sur des feuilles de haricot plantées dans du coton humide avecT. pyri comme proie, ces typhlodromes ont tendance à quitter les feuilles, surtout si elles ont été traitées par des pesticides.A. bibens, par contre, demeure sur les feuilles en présence de la proie et semble attiré par le tissage de l'acarien. Ce fait rend intéressantA. bibens.Dans ce travail les 3 espèces ont été étudiées comparativement dans des cellules fermées, afin de montrer si elles font preuve de différences dans leur sensibilité intrinsèque aux pesticides, d'après la mortalité des adultes, la reproduction et la mortalité des œufs et des jeunes. On a trouvé queA. bibens peut très bien remplacer les autres typhlodromes comme espèce-test.
Solitary Orbital Paget Disease: A Case Report
Purpose: To describe the clinical findings in a patient who had developed painless supraorbital prominence. Methods: Clinical and histopathological findings of the case are reviewed and presented. Results: The patient had an isolated histologically confirmed Paget disease of the orbit. Local excision of the lesion was performed. Conclusion: Paget disease can present not only as a diffuse process but also as a painless, solitary lesion of the orbit.