Novel modeling strategy for a BCI set-up applied in an automotive application: An industrial way to use EM simulation tools to help hardware and ASIC designers to improve their designs for immunity tests
Electronics suppliers of automotive industry use BCI (Bulk Current Injection) measurements to qualify immunity robustness of their equipment whereas electronics components manufacturers use DPI (Direct Power Injection) to qualify immunity of their component. Due to harness resonances, levels obtained during a BCI test exceed standard DPI requirements imposed by automotive suppliers onto components' manufacturers. We propose to use BCI set-up modeling to calculate the equivalent DPI level obtained at the component level during equipment testing and to compare results with DPI measurements realized at IC level.
Translation of automotive module RF immunity test limits into equivalent IC test limits using S-parameter IC models
A method to translate immunity specifications of automotive modules into equivalent requirements at integrated circuit (IC) level, using linear scattering parameter models of the ICs, is presented. A technique is described to determine S-parameters of ICs by simulations based on back-annotated analog schematics. The simulation results are compared with measurement data obtained using a specially designed test board. As an example, simulation and measurement results are given for the input stage of an automotive sensor interface. A good agreement is obtained from the lowest test frequency up to 1 GHz. Above this value, the measured results seem to be dominated by package effects.
Numerical Simulation of Induction Heating Process of Continuous Casting Slab
Compared with traditional blazing furnace, the Continuous Casting-Direct Rolling is an advanced manufacturing steel technology, which can reduce energy waste, decrease pollution and enhance efficiency. The characteristics of steels during induction heating are complex, the change of material properties with temperature makes exact analysis methods very difficult to implement. Therefore, a powerful computer aided numerical tool (i.e., finite difference analysis) is selected to numerically model the induction heating process in this paper. The mathematic model coupling with electromagnetic field and thermal field was established, and it was solved by finite difference method (FDM), thus the slab temperature distribution and its variation with time were obtained, and the characteristics in whole induction heating process were studied. To validate the program feasible, the results were evaluated and compared with experiment results, which showed that the simulation results are reliable and effective. The skin effect in heating process from the two results was studied and demonstrated, the temperature change caused by different parameters such as the induced power intensity and the corner radian were also presented, which indicate that the slab temperature can be heated uniformly through adjusting these parameters, thus the continuous casting slab can meet the rolling requirement.