Observer Based Controller for Magnetic Levitation System
This paper explains Magnetic Levitation system of a train which comprises of guidance track made with magnets. The main objective is to design a proper controller that can suspend and propelled the train on a guidance track made with magnets. To perform the desired task state space model of Magnetic Levitation system is derived. The response of the system is simulated in MATLAB. The open loop response showed that the derived model is unstable. Observer Based Controller (OBC) is designed to analyze the system in closed loop. The controller showed improved performance for different tracks. Different types of realization techniques (minimal realization, balanced realization, modal realization, observer canonical realization) are compared for minimum fragility in controller implementation. The difference among the different realization controllers has been analyzed in detail for rounding off error or truncation error and an optimal non fragile controller design has been presented. Different disturbances were imposed upon the simulated model. All the results are analyzed in open and closed loops. The closed loop response showed that the vehicle is suspend and propelled on the track and the desired results were achieved successfully.
Manyetik askılama sistemi için 2 serbestlik dereceli PID kontrolcü tasarımı
In this study, two degree of freedom (2-DOF) PID controllers are designed and compared to the conventional PID controller, which is compatible with the magnetic ball levitation system. This system is a subject of many control problems, because it has a open loop unstable and nonlinear second order structure. The system is modeled based on physical parameters and its linearized around the appropriate equilibrium point via Tylor series expansion. The PID control parameters are determined by the root placement method which is a suitable method for the second order systems and the same parameters are used for the 2-DOF PID. Since this proposed control algorithm has feedforward gain parameters, it is possible to improve the transient state performance according to the traditional PID controller. Due to the use of the conventional PID controller, there are some zeros in the transfer function of the system. It can be seen that proposed technique could prevent the overshoots caused by these zeros.
Insulating System to Reduce the Amount of Oil in Electric Power Apparatus Using Silicone Oil
The lightning impulse breakdown characteristics of various combinations of insulation material in silicone oil for use in electric power apparatus were investigated, with the aim of reducing the amount of oil required and thus the cost. Breakdown characteristics were investigated in a system in which an insulating filler was mixed with silicone oil. Tests were conducted on a sphere-plane electrode in a vertical arrangement and a sphere-sphere electrode in a horizontal arrangement. The relation between the breakdown strength and the electric field strength was clarified. Breakdown characteristics were also investigated in a system in which am insulator with low relative permittivity was inserted between a filler with high relative permittivity and the high-voltage electrode. Based on the findings, optimum conditions for the application of silicone oil to electric power equipment are proposed.