DESEMPENHOS TÉCNICOS E ECONÔMICOS DA CONSORCIAÇÃO DE MILHO COM FORRAGEIRAS DOS GÊNEROS Panicum E Brachiaria EM SISTEMA DE INTEGRAÇÃO LAVOURA-PECUÁRIA
The objective of this research was to evaluate the technical and economic performance of methods for corn cropping with Brachiaria and Panicum genuses forages, in crop-livestock integration systems under no-tillage. The experiment was conducted in Selviria, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, in a Distroferric Red Latosol (Oxisol), during the growing seasons of 2007 and 2008. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications. The treatments consisted of eight methods for growing corn intercropped with Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, Panicum maximum cv. Mombaca, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, and Brachiaria ruziziensis , sown simultaneously or at side dressing nitrogen fertilization, besides single grown corn. The operating cost analysis was based on prices of inputs and operations, and the revenue at the average price for corn in Sao Paulo State. The decreasing cost-benefit ratio and the best economic returns, obtained due to higher index of contribution margin, determined the most feasible cropping methods. The Panicum maximum cv. Mombaca and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, intercropped simultaneously with corn, provided less grain yield than single grown corn. As related to technical and economic benefits of the consortium to be used in crop-livestock integration systems, the most recommended is corn with Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, mainly in the simultaneous sowing. However, technical and economic results in the long term, with different prices and yields, must be evaluated. KEY-WORDS: Contribution margin; grain yield; cost-benefit ratio; no-tillage system; Zea mays L.
ANÁLISE ECONÔMICA DE DIFERENTES PRÁTICAS CULTURAIS NA CULTURA DO MILHO (Zea mays L.)
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar, economicamente, as diferentes praticas culturais na cultura do milho, envolvendo sistemas de manejo do solo, com a utilizacao de plantas de cobertura, hibridos e doses de nitrogenio em cobertura, para obtencao da relacao beneficio/custo das diferentes praticas. O experimento foi conduzido com milho safrinha, na Embrapa Arroz e Feijao, em Latossolo Vermelho Distrofico. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com tres repeticoes, em arranjo de parcelas sub-subdivididas. As parcelas foram formadas por quatro tipos de manejo do solo: plantio direto do milho sobre palhada de mucuna preta; plantio direto sobre palhada de crotalaria juncea; plantio direto sobre vegetacao infestante (pousio); e plantio do milho no sistema de preparo convencional.
Potencialidade da integração lavoura- pecuária: relação planta- animal (Potentiality of the agriculture-farmers integration: plant -animal relationship)
The agricultural properties, usually, needs of alternatives to intensify the use of the land, to increase the sustainability of the production systems and to...