Carbon Capture Overview
Government research funding initially emphasizing pre-combustion (CO2 capture from syngas) has led to the realization that less-glamorous post-combustion (flue gas scrubbing) most likely represents the best option for timely, cost-effective Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in the immediate future. A better understanding of capture costs resulting from the renewed interest in post-combustion has prompted the U.S. Government to increase the acceptable target for increased cost of energy required for flue gas scrubbing from 20% in 2006 to 35% today, highlighting the importance of advancing the current technology. While acid gas removal from process streams using alkanolamines is a mature technology, flue gas scrubbing presents many new challenges still not adequately met on the scale necessary for GHG abatement. In addition to discussing those challenges, this paper reviews (1) flue-gas scrubbing facilities installed over the past 30+ years for commercial purposes such as EOR, urea manufacture, soda ash manufacture and food processing, and (2) current status of innovative technologies employing, for example, sterically hindered amines and aqueous ammonia. While the GHG contribution of sulphur recovery activities is arguably insignificant, potential monetary CO2 reduction incentives will likely improve the economics of reducing incineration fuel by simple, established means as discussed.
Carbon Capture Systems for Building-Level Heating Systems—A Socio-Economic and Environmental Evaluation
The energy consumption of buildings contributes significantly to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Energy use for space and water heating in buildings causes a major portion of these emissions. Natural gas (NG) is one of the dominant fuels used for building heating, emitting GHG emissions directly to the atmosphere. Many studies have been conducted on improving energy efficiency and using cleaner energy sources in buildings. However, implementing carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) on NG building heating systems is overlooked in the literature. CCUS technologies have proved their potential to reduce GHG emissions in fossil fuel power plants. However, their applicability for building-level applications has not been adequately established. A critical literature review was conducted to understand the feasibility and viability of adapting CCUS technologies to co-function in building heating systems. This study investigated the technical requirements, environmental and socio-economic impacts, and the drivers and barriers towards implementing building-level CCUS technologies. The findings indicated that implementing building-level CCUS technologies has significant overall benefits despite the marginal increase in energy consumption, operational costs, and capital costs. The information presented in this paper is valuable to academics, building owners and managers, innovators, investors, and policy makers involved in the clean energy sector.
Ethics and the professions.
We may not be able to make you love reading, but ethics and the professions will lead you to love reading starting from now. Book is the window to open the new world. The world that you want is in the better stage and level. World will always guide you to even the prestige stage of the life. You know, this is some of how reading will give you the kindness. In this case, more books you read more knowledge you know, but it can mean also the bore is full.