Evaluation of Components of Adult Education On The Inmates' Welfare In Agodi Prison Yard, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
The purpose of this study is to evaluate components of adult education programmes on the inmates welfare in Agodi prison yard, Ibadan Nigeria. Survey research was utilized in order to carry-out the study. The respondents were divided into two groups: one hundred and seventy (170) inmates (awaiting trials and convicts) and twenty-five (25) facilitators were sampled. Four research questions were generated from the literature review. Questionnaire on adult education programmes in the prison and responses elicited from respondents were numerically, quantified, tabulated and analyzed using the Likert scale. The analysis showed that: basic literacy, vocational, computer and religious education programmes were the components/ types of adult education programmes provided for the prison inmates; there was inadequate welfare and vocational materials; non-existence of educational unit in the prison; coupled with unqualified resource persons or facilitator to impart the knowledge; and government were not funding adult education programmes adequately in the prison. Based on the findings, it is recommended that effort should be made towards providing adequate funds from all tiers of government (federal, state, local government) and non-governmental agencies for adult education programmes in the prison. It is high time educational unit is separated from welfare department to ensure effective delivery of educational programmes in the prison and, specially trained facilitators should be recruited whose salaries will be comparable with those in public institutions in order to realize the potency of adult education programmes in the prison. Keywords : Adult education programmes, Prison inmates, convicts, awaiting trial, crime.
Utilization of Religious and Philosophy Education in Uplifting the Image of Prison Inmates and Curtailing Ex-Prisoners’ Recidivism in Enugu Prison Yard in Nigeria
The purpose of the study is to evaluate how religious and philosophy education is uplifting the image of prison inmates and curtailing ex-prisoners’ recidivism in Enugu State prison yard in Nigeria. The study sample was 190 inmates and 20 facilitators. Results showed among others that religious education raises the image of the prison inmates by making them and everyone else to realize that they are people made in the image of God and that they have inherent capacity to change the course of their lives. The recommendations include that prison religious education should focus on the development of the whole person of prisoners, bearing in mind their social, psychological, economic, and cultural background.
The Liverpool Cholera Epidemic of 1832 and Anatomical Dissection--Medical Mistrust and Civil Unrest
Asiatic cholera reached Britain for the first time in late 1831, with the main epidemic occurring during 1832. The disease caused profuse diarrhea, severe dehydration, collapse, and often death. There was widespread public fear, and the political and medical response to this new disease was variable and inadequate. In the summer of 1832, a series of "cholera riots" occurred in various towns and cities throughout Britain, frequently directed against the authorities, doctors, or both. The city of Liverpool, in the northwest of England, experienced more riots than elsewhere. Between 29 May and 10 June 1832, eight major street riots occurred, with several other minor disturbances. The object of the crowd's anger was the local medical fraternity. The public perception was that cholera victims were being removed to the hospital to be killed by doctors in order to use them for anatomical dissection. "Bring out the Burkers" was one cry of the Liverpool mobs, referring to the Burke and Hare scandal four years earlier, when two men had murdered people in Edinburgh in order to sell their bodies for dissection to the local anatomy school. This issue was of special concern to the Liverpool citizenry because in 1826, thirty-three bodies had been discovered on the Liverpool docks, about to be shipped to Scotland for dissection. Two years later a local surgeon, William Gill, was tried and found guilty of running an extensive local grave-robbing system to supply corpses for his dissection rooms. The widespread cholera rioting in Liverpool was thus as much related to local anatomical issues as it was to the national epidemic. The riots ended relatively abruptly, largely in response to an appeal by the Roman Catholic clergy read from church pulpits, and also published in the local press. In addition, a respected local doctor, James Collins, published a passionate appeal for calm. The Liverpool Cholera Riots of 1832 demonstrate the complex social responses to epidemic disease, as well as the fragile interface between the public and the medical profession.