Reliable corrosion inhibition in the oil and gas industry RR 1023 Research Report
The objective of the work was to undertake a literature review on the subject of corrosion inhibition in the offshore oil and gas industry to understand the current issues. The application of chemical corrosion inhibitors can significantly reduce the rate of corrosion of carbon steel pipelines due to the presence of CO2 and/or H2S. An inhibited corrosion rate of 0.1 mm/year can typically be achieved, which is largely independent of the uninhibited corrosion rate. The report covers the main factors affecting the effectiveness of chemical corrosion inhibitors; they are not effective against corrosion due to the presence of oxygen or microbacterial corrosion. High flow rates, high temperature, solids (either dissolved or suspended) and pre-existing corrosion can all have a negative effect on corrosion inhibitor effectiveness. The role of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), the main factors affecting the performance of inhibition injection systems, and the levels of inhibitor availability that can be assumed at the design stage and achieved in practice are also discussed. This report and the work it describes were funded by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE). Its contents, including any opinions and/or conclusions expressed, are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect HSE policy. You may reuse this information (not including logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence. To view the licence visit Some images and illustrations may not be owned by the Crown so cannot be reproduced without permission of the copyright owner. Enquiries should be sent to Objectives To undertake a literature review on the subject of corrosion inhibition in the oil and gas industry to understand the current issues. Main Findings • The application of chemical corrosion inhibitors can significantly reduce the rate of corrosion of carbon steel pipelines due to the presence of CO 2 and/or H 2 S. An inhibited corrosion rate of 0.1 mm/year can typically be achieved, which is largely independent of the uninhibited corrosion rate; • Various factors can affect the effectiveness of chemical corrosion inhibitors; they are not effective against corrosion due to the presence of oxygen or microbacterial corrosion. High flow rates, high temperature, solids (either dissolved or suspended) and pre-existing corrosion can all have a negative effect on corrosion inhibitor effectiveness; • The main Key Performance Indicator (KPI) used for assessing effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors is based on the proportion of time that …
The Impacts of Corrosion in Weld joints and Surfaces of Oil and Gas Pipelines: A Review
Corrosion of metals is the deterioration of metals as a result of chemical, electrochemical or biochemical interactions with the environment. Corrosion failures of welds occur in spite of the fact that all the industry codes and standards have been followed. In oil and gas pipelines, formation of internal and external surface corrosion is inevitable. Failures and consequent problems due to corrosion increase with time. Oil and gas pipeline leakages due to corrosion have caused serious damage and losses to the environment and the industries involved. Corrosion related failures constitute 33% of all failures in oil and gas industry. These failures have led to heavy loss of human lives and properties. This paper presents a review on corrosion threats to welded oil and gas pipelines focusing on formation, detection, prevention and management of corrosion where the formation of different types of corrosion, the corrosion prevention methods, inspection and control methods have been presented. For safe working of pipelines the preventive measures should be observed.
Effectiveness Of The Corrosion Inhibitors For The Petroleum Industry Under Various Flow Conditions
Several types of corrosion inhibitors were evaluated. Active ingredients of those inhibitors included long chain amines, fatty amides, imidazolines, fatty acids and their salts. Inhibitors were tested at the concentration range of 50 200 ppm in the electrolyte and electrolyte/hydrocarbon mixture in the presence of CO2 and H2S in static and dynamic conditions. Several evaluations were performed when corrosion inhibitors were added into electrolyte containing flow modifiers. The results, which include the corrosion and electrochemical testing data, show that generally tested corrosion inhibitors are effective in studied range of flow rates and compatible with flow modifiers.