Numerical Damage Prediction and Experiments in Deep Drawing of Irregular Square Cup
Deep drawing is an important sheet metal forming process in the industry. The deep drawing of irregular square cup was investigated in this paper. To predict the damage of irregular square cup, different blank hold forces and blank shapes were studied in the numerical model. The experiment was carried out with the optimized blank force holder and blank shapes, the crack and thickness distribution were investigated. The results of the experiment accorded with those of the numerical simulations, which show the validity of the simulation to predict where the damaged zones will appear in the part during the deformation.
Review on Optimization of process parameter in square shaped components in deep drawing process .
Deep drawing is one of the most importing processes for forming a sheet metal parts. It is widely used for mass production of good strength and light weight part in automobile and aerospace industries. Optimization of process parameters in sheet metal forming is the important task to reduced manufacturing cost per year. In this review paper importance is given to gather the recent research work and the effect of process parameter on the sheet metal component .There are many process parameters like that blank holding force, die radius, friction, punch speed, and other factors that affect on product quality produced by deep drawing process. In square shape of component major failures are occurs due to stress concentration at the square shape sharp edges of die and punch. Therefore is important to optimize the process parameters to avoid stress concentration. For the ooptimization several tools have been used by researcher like ANOVA, FEA, Taguchi etc. In this review paper major focus is to review for square shape deep drawing component.
On the evaluation of the ductility of thin films
A new tensile test procedure has been developed to evaluate the ductility of thin films deposited on a substrate. The tensile sample has a continuously variable cross-sectional area, resulting in a continuous strain gradient along the sample after deformation. The films present cracks where the strain imposed exceeds their ductility. The strain attained at the boundary of the region where cracks appear characterises the film's ductility. This tensile test procedure has been used to evaluate the ductility of TiAl films deposited on an AISI 304 steel tensile sample. Cracks were observed by optical microscopy. The results of the evolution of the mean distance between cracks as a function of the deformation value are presented and discussed. A three-dimensional finite element code was used to simulate the deformation of this tensile sample. Special attention is devoted to the analysis of the state of stress and strain in the composite film/substrate. A similar study was made of a conventional tensile test sample to confirm and validate the results obtained from the modified sample. Moreover, the influence of the presence of cracks on the stress and strain distributions was also studied by numerical simulation. The experimental tests on conventional samples need to be interrupted at several strain values in order to follow the evolution of the cracks during the deformation. The ductility results obtained from conventional samples do not differ from those obtained with the modified sample. These conclusions and the simplicity of the method demonstrate the advantage of using the continuously variable cross-sectional area sample to study the ductility of thin films.