New identities for district centres
Many district centres in inner urban areas are in decline because their poor shopping environment cannot compete effectively with superstores, retail parks and modernised town centres. Their inexpensive premises, however, allow opportunities for innovative businesses as well as non-profit-making community and arts facilities. This paper examines whether Clifton Street, one of Cardiff's oldest district centres, can be successfully ‘branded’ as a specialist shopping, service and entertainment destination, while retaining its ‘basket shopping’ function for local residents and workers. Evidence is derived from surveys of traders and landowners, a planning consultants’ study, and interviews with local community interests and potential funders of environmental improvements to the centre. The conclusions are that public sector intervention and finance are essential for the centre's revival, but that there is little case at present for developing a marketing strategy and ‘brand’ for the centre.
Development pressure and retail planning: a study of 20-year change in Cardiff, UK
This article describes and explains changes in the retail landscape of a major British city over the last 20 years. It thus serves to continue the survey of change initiated in 1989 with a comparative analysis of the retail structures of Cardiff (UK) and Charlotte (USA). The changes reviewed in the present study are shown to exemplify broad trends in UK retailing, as well as the growing influences of town planning and urban regeneration policies.
A neighbourhood renewal project in Dalston, Hackney: Towards a new form of partnership for inner city regeneration
This paper revisits a speech given at a conference in July 2002 which presented some prospects for real regeneration, rather than the familiar pattern of gentrification, in the Bradbury Street area of Dalston, Hackney. Since then many of the ideas posited — some new, some old — have found support in a wider arena and are now being tested in action across the UK, as the agenda for community-led regeneration and social enterprise gains momentum. The speech ended with the crucial caveat that it was most unlikely that the full beneficial effects on the mainstream economy of such initiatives could be achieved unless appropriate local, regional and national strategies in the public sector could uphold the key principles and rules underlying this approach. This paper retraces these arguments, notes some progress on this front and focuses on the role of the private sector and retail and leisure vitality. A key theme is that the private sector, if it comes to appreciate some pressing realities and adopts these strategic principles, can contribute to real inner-city regeneration. Such regeneration will engage and benefit rather than displace inhabitants. It is suggested that this reflects wider and increasing imperatives for the mainstream economy to become more socially involved at the heart of its business.