SCREENING FOR DRUGS IN SERUM AND URINE BY LC / ESI / CID-MS AND MS / MS WITH LIBRARY SEARCHING
A mass spectra library using in-source collision induced dissociation (ESI/CID) as well as a MS/MS library with product ion spectra of ca. 500 drugs have been developed with a triple-quadrupole ionspray mass spectrometer. For the ESI/CID MS library single quadrupole mode and for the MS/MS library triple-quadrupole mode were used. The libraries have been used for general-unknown screening and for identification of drugs and metabolites in serum and urine.
Postmortem drug screening by non-targeted and targeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technology.
In the medical examiner setting, comprehensive drug screening is an essential analytical tool in the investigation of cause and manner of death.We have validated non-targeted and targeted screening assays for drugs and metabolites using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) interfaced with mass spectrometry (MS) in single and tandem stages. For non-targeted screening by UPLC-MS electrospray interface, in-source fragmentation was used along with MS scanning (m/z 80-650) and library search for over 700 drug and metabolite analytes. Targeted detection of over 200 analytes by UPLC-MS-MS was performed with dual transition ion monitoring. Validation studies confirmed reproducibility of both mass spectra produced by in-source fragmentation and transition ion ratios by collision-cell dissociation. Lower limit of detection by UPLC-MS (10-150 ng/mL) and UPLC-MS-MS (1-50 ng/mL) was determined for a subset of drugs and correlated with extraction recovery and matrix effect. Drug findings by UPLC-MS and UPLC- MS-MS were compared with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) screening in postmortem blood from 410 medical examiner cases with 1121 positive drug findings by all methods. Accuracy, based on results of confirmation testing, was high (98-99%) across all screening assays and detection sensitivity by GC-MS (71%), UPLC-MS (73%), and UPLC-MS-MS (76%) was determined. UPLC-MS plus UPLC-MS-MS screening resulted in the highest drug detection rate (95%) and provided optimal dual-screening for the postmortem casework.
OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Mandatory Guidelines for Federal Workplace Drug Testing Programs
SUMMARY: This Final Notice of Revisions to the Mandatory Guidelines for Federal Workplace Drug Testing Programs (Revisions to Mandatory Guidelines) addresses collection and testing of urine specimens, the requirements for the certification of Instrumented Initial Test Facilities (IITFs), and the role of and standards for collectors and Medical Review Officers (MROs). Additional notices of Proposed Revisions to the Mandatory Guidelines addressing the use of point of collection testing (POCT), oral fluid testing, sweat patch testing, hair testing, and associated issues will be published at a later date. With regard to the use of alternative specimens including hair, oral fluid, and sweat patch specimens in Federal Workplace Drug Testing Programs, significant issues have been raised by Federal agencies during the review process which require further examination, and may require additional study and analysis. As part of the review process for these alternative tests, the Department of Health and Human Services (''HHS'' or ''Department'') plans to issue a notice in the Federal Register requesting information and assistance from the general public to provide or identify data and research findings that address specific areas of interest. Guidelines establish the scientific and technical guidelines for Federal workplace drug testing programs and