Influence of Non-Structural Elements on Dynamic Response of Multi-Storey Rc Building to Mining Shock
In the paper the results of calculations of the dy namic response of a multi-storey reinforced concrete buil ding to a strong mining shock originated from the main region of min ing activity in Poland (i.e. the Legnica-Glogow Copper District) ar e p esented. The representative time histories of accelerations regi st red in three directions were used as ground motion data in calcu lations of the dynamic response of the structure. Two variants of a numerical model were applied: the model including only structural e lements of the building and the model including both structural an d non-structural elements (i.e. partition walls and ventilation duct s made of brick). It turned out that non-structural elements of multi-st orey RC buildings have a small impact of about 10 % on natural freque ncies of these structures. It was also proved that the dynamic res pon e of building to mining shock obtained in case of inclusion of al l non-structural elements in the numerical model is about 20 % small er than in case of consideration of structural elements only. The p rincipal stresses obtained in calculations of dynamic response of mul ti-storey building to strong mining shock are situated on the level of about 30% of values obtained from static analysis (dead load). Keywords—Dynamic characteristics of buildings, mining shocks , dynamic response of buildings, non-structural eleme nts
Dynamic testing and stiffness evaluation of a six-storey timber framed building during construction
This paper is concerned with the dynamic testing and stiffness evaluation of a six-storey timber framed building. The principal reason for undertaking the measurements was to quantify the difference between the stiffness of the bare frame, which is used in design, and the stiffness of the complete building. Two types of measurements were taken. Laser measurements, where the building's natural frequencies were determined at eleven stages during construction; and forced vibration tests, where all the characteristics of the fundamental modes were measured at three key stages. The building's stiffness at the various stages was derived from the measured natural frequencies, as the buildings mass was known. The tests showed the decreasing stiffness of the bare timber frame with increasing height during construction. The addition of the stairway and internal plasterboard had a considerable stiffening effect in the translational directions but a relatively minor effect in the torsional direction. The erection of the brickwork cladding provided further significant increases in stiffness in all directions. In one translation direction the complete building was 17.7 times stiffer than the bare timber frame.
Affordable housing in London
Introduction. The Housing Situation in London. Housing, Land Use Planning, and the Government of London, a Brief History. Land Use Regulations. Positive Local Authority Powers in London. Sources of Affordable Housing: the Rented Sectors. Grants to Assist Access to Affordable Housing. Conclusions. Bibliography.