Transverse Lambda Polarization at LHC
Transverse polarization of Lambda hyperons produced in p p and p Pb collisions is discussed. A factorized description in the intermediate to high p_T region is considered that involves transverse momentum and spin dependence in the fragmentation process. Consequences and suggestions for investigations at LHC are pointed out for the process p + p -> Lambda^uparrow + jets + X at midrapidity and p + p/Pb -> Lambda^uparrow + X in the forward region.
Transverse Lambda polarization at high energy colliders
Measurements of transverse polarization of Lambda hyperons produced in high energy pp collisions may help to address several open issues about Lambda production and polarization mechanisms, such as the amount of SU(3) breaking, the importance of gluons and sea quarks, and the origin of spontaneous Lambda polarization. The process p + p -> Lambda^\uparrow + jet + X at midrapidity is ideally suited for this purpose, for instance at LHC's ALICE experiment. New expressions and predictions are presented for the transverse Lambda polarization in this process, within a factorized description which involves transverse momentum and spin dependence in the fragmentation process. Uncertainties from the unpolarized Lambda fragmentation functions, due to the unknown magnitude of SU(3) breaking and the apparent inconsistency between pp and e^+ e^- data, are investigated.
Shape and surface texture of molten droplets deposited on cold surfaces
When a molten droplet impacts on a cold surface, the interaction between solidification and fluid dynamics can lead to different shapes and surface textures of deposited droplets. This article presents an experimental study on deposition of small droplets (39 μm diameter) of molten wax ink on solid surfaces. Our results show that both the final shape and the surface texture of deposited droplets are extremely sensitive to deposition conditions, which include initial temperature of droplets, type of substrate surface and distance between substrate and printhead. Different surface textures are observed and shown to depend on the thermal and flow histories of ink droplets during the process of impact. A test using crystalline wax reveals crystallization as one of the major factors in determining the final texture.