Magnetic Circuit Design Based on Circumferential Excitation in Oil-Gas Pipeline Magnetic Flux Leakage Detection
In the oil-gas pipeline magnetic flux leakage (MFL) detection, the qualitative and quantitative analysis can be achieved. The circumferential excitation technology is an effective way to detect or size axial direction of defects reliably; Magnetic circuit design has become the key part of this technology to meet the magnetized requirements of circumferential excitation. This paper studies the magnetized section of MFL detector of the oil pipeline. With combination of analytical method and magnetic segmentation method, the Kirchhoff magnetic equation was established with MATLAB to design a magnetic circuit calculation model. Take f325´8 pipeline as an example, calculations are carried out to choose suitable geometry parameters and material properties for magnetic circuit design. And simulation by large-scale finite element software ANSYS is carried out to verify the correctness of magnetic circuit design. It has been testified in the results that the design of magnetic circuit has completely met the requirements of circumferential magnetization.
Detector Leakage Gas Lpg Based On Telegram Notification Using Wemos D1 and Mq-6 Sensor
Based on the test results of the National Standardization Agency (BSN), as much as 66% of the gas cylinders tested were found to be unfit for use was studied by zhang[1]. Along with the increasing use of LPG gas, the quality of gas cylinder products has decreased, and the need for supervision of gas cylinder products from the manufacturer, so it cannot cause danger was studied by dae[2]. Gas leaks most often come from the gap between the mouth of the tube and the regulator so that it can cause pollution to the polluted room. This is due to the seal that serves as a sealing gap between the gas cylinder valve and the regulator not working was studied by saeed[3]. This seal serves to close and isolate the gap between the regulator and the upper mouth of the gas cylinder so that gas leakage can be avoided, or it could also be caused by rat bites on the hose which can cause gas to leak. For this reason, a LPG gas leak detection device can be made remotely. Created a LPG gas leak detection system based on Wemos D1 microcontroller using telegram notification. The whole tool is divided into several parts which consist of mq-6 sensor, ESP8266-01S module, wemos d1 microcontroller, and buzzer. This tool works when the ESP8266-01S module searches for the nearest internet network and the mq-6 sensor detects lpg gas, from the ESP8266-01S module and mq-6 sensor then to the Wemos D1 microcontroller to process, from the Wemos D1 microcontroller then activates the buzzer as a warning alarm that then transfer data through the ESP8266-01S module to the website and give notification of a gas leak to the smartphone of the user of the device. The mq-6 sensor functions if the gas content value is above 80. The results show that the gas content value is more than 80 as detected lpg gas, because it has tested the system and when there is no lpg gas the gas content value is less than 80.
An injectable and thermosensitive hydrogel: Promoting periodontal regeneration by controlled-release of aspirin and erythropoietin.
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease induced by complex interactions between host immune system and plaque microorganism. Alveolar bone resorption caused by periodontitis is considered to be one of the main reasons for tooth loss in adults. To terminate the alveolar bone resorption, simultaneous anti-inflammation and periodontium regeneration is required, which has not appeared in the existing methods. In this study, chitosan (CS), β-sodium glycerophosphate (β-GP), and gelatin were used to prepare an injectable and thermosensitive hydrogel, which could continuously release aspirin and erythropoietin (EPO) to exert pharmacological effects of anti-inflammation and tissue regeneration, respectively. The releasing profile showed that aspirin and EPO could be continuously released from the hydrogels, which exhibited no toxicity both in vitro and in vivo, for at least 21 days. Immunohistochemistry staining and micro-CT analyses indicated that administration of CS/β-GP/gelatin hydrogels loaded with aspirin/EPO could terminate the inflammation and recover the height of the alveolar bone, which is further confirmed by histological observations. Our results suggested that CS/β-GP/gelatin hydrogels are easily prepared as drug-loading vectors with excellent biocompatibility, and the CS/β-GP/gelatin hydrogels loaded with aspirin/EPO are quite effective in anti-inflammation and periodontium regeneration, which provides a great potential candidate for periodontitis treatment in the dental clinic. Statement of Significance To terminate the alveolar bone resorption caused by periodontitis, simultaneous anti-inflammation and periodontium regeneration is required, which has not appeared in the existing methods. Here, (1) the chitosan (CS)/β-sodium glycerophosphate/gelatin hydrogels loaded with aspirin/erythropoietin (EPO) can form at body temperature in 5 min with excellent biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo; (2) The faster release of aspirin than EPO in the early stage is beneficial for anti-inflammation and provides a microenvironment for ensuring the regeneration function of EPO in the following step. In vivo experiments revealed that the hydrogels are effective in the control of inflammation and regeneration of the periodontium. These results indicate that our synthesized hydrogels have a great potential in the future clinical application.