Cadmium levels in poultry meat
A survey of cadmium (Cd) levels in poultry meat from polluted area of Eastern Slovakia is presented. Samples of poultry tissue (72 samples of breast muscle, leg muscle, liver and heart) were analysed for the presence of Cd on atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Unicam Solar 939). Mean values of cadmium in breast and leg muscle, liver and heart were 0.019; 0.021; 0.061; 0.099 mg/kg, respectively. On the basis of presented results of cadmium analyses it follows that its levels in poultry meat are below the highest permissible hygienic limits for Cd (muscle 0.1mg/kg; internal organs 0.5 mg/kg - Codex Alimentarum of the Slovak Republic No. 981/1996). The presented results are higher than those in unpolluted areas. The regular monitoring and control of poultry meat guarantee that a consumer is protected against unfavourable higher values of cadmium.
ZNANSTVENO STRUČNI DIO
In order to protect the traditional “Visočka pečena janjetina” (roasted lamb originating in Vi -soko) with a PGI label, a research on a national level was conducted. For the first time the whole tech nological process of production was monitored in detail, from exsanguination of the animal, primary treatment of the carcass and meat cutting, to thermic processing. The main motive of the research was to establish the authenticity of this specific way to thermally process lamb meat and its connection to the examined area (Visoko). In addition to the stated, one of the goals was to quantify the main quanti tative parameters by means of laboratory examination. The established indicators of quality of “Visoč ka pečena janjetina” will serve as referential indicators in the upcoming activities, during the establish ment of producer specification. In this paper the sensory, chemical and microbiological parameters of quality of “Visočka pečena janjetina” were identified. The sensory evaluation showed the quality of “Vi sočka pečena janjetina” to be extra high, with colour being the best graded characteristic. The mean values of chemical parameters were as follows: 54,18 % water, fat 19,44 %, protein 25,28 %, ash 1,10 %, NaCl 0,20 %. The average pH value was 6,47, and aw was 0,958.
The Tsetse Problem on the Eastern Cattle Route in the Gold Coast
1. Primary fly-belts round Makongo consisted of three different vegetational communities: a Cynometra-Vitex association along the main length of the Makongo river, on a clay soil; a Ficus congensis association along the river close to the town, on a sandy soil; and Isoberlinia doka woodland on moist sandy soil north-west and south of Makongo. 2. Secondary fly-belts of less dense vegetation occur in the orchard bush savannah round Makongo, and these are not colonised until the commencement of the rainy season. 3. Glossina tachinoides and G. palpalis both occurred in the riverside communities, and G. palpalis alone in the Isoberlinia woodland. 4. Along the river G. palpalis outnumbered G. tachinoides by 3:1 in the dry season. At the commencement of the rains G. tachinoides increased more quickly than G. palpalis , bringing their numbers very nearly equal, but at the end of the rains there was a decrease in G. tachinoides which restored the original proportion. 5. G. morsitans had been found at Makongo formerly but was not met with at the time of this investigation, its absence being due to the disappearance of the larger antelope from the neighbourhood. 6. Smaller game animals, small mammals and reptiles afforded an adequate food supply for tsetse in the fly-belts, and also passing herds of cattle, as well as natives from the village and travellers. 7. The distribution of G. palpalis within the fly-belts was markedly influenced by the proximity of a cattle road along which herds of cattle passed almost daily, and by village water-holes. 8. During the dry season the primary foci were always found to be the places of greatest relative humidity, and the fly does not tend to move out of these until the general atmospheric humidity has reached a certain fairly high degree. 9. In clearing the fly-belts the removal of all primary foci within a quarter of a mile of the town and of thick bush within 100 yards of water-holes was undertaken. The work lasted from the beginning of February to the end of March 1931. 10. The effect of clearing the Isoberlinia doka woodland was to banish G. palpalis completely, and it never returned to these clearings. 11. On clearing the riverside Ficus congensis fly-belt, G. tachinoides was practically eliminated for the first three months, but reappeared in the clearings in June when there was a general increase and up-stream migration of this fly. G. palpalis remained in this clearing in fluctuating numbers up to June, when observations were suspended. 12. 565 marked tsetse were liberated in the fly-belts immediately previous to clearing. Of G. palpalis 12·7% were recaptured in the clearings and 11% outside the clearings. Of G. tachinoides 5·5% were recaptured in the clearings and 6·8% outside.