Properties of Fe-Zr-N Thin Films
Gases emerging from Fe-Zr-N films with various compositions during heating were analyzed by thermal desorption spectroscopy. The structures and magnetic properties of films were also investigated. H2, N2 and Ar were detected at 300-400°C, 500°C and 650°C, respectively. Larger amounts of N2 were emitted by films which contained larger amounts of N2. The changes in composition of films due to the emerging N2 is as follows. The composition changed for N/Zr ratios ranging from N/Zr≫1 to N/Zr~1, but was unchanged when N/Zr1. A (100) preferred orientation occurred in films in which the composition was N~Zr≫8 at% in the as-deposited state, while either a (100) orientation or random orientation occurred in all other cases. Under the former conditions, Fe-Zr-N films showed excellent soft magnetic properties and thermal stability up to 700°C.
Fe-N スパッタ薄膜における Zr,Ti 添加の効果
The effects of addition of Zr and Ti on iron films containing nitrogen were investigated. The structures and magnetic properties were studied as a function of the contents of Zr and Ti. The coercive force of Fe-N films increased sharply after being annealed at about 350°C, while Fe-Zr-N and Fe-Ti-N films showed small coercive force after annealed at higher temperature. The addition of Zr and Ti in small amounts was highly effective in improving the thermal stability of Fe-N because it prevented the grain growth of iron.
Affordable housing in London
Introduction. The Housing Situation in London. Housing, Land Use Planning, and the Government of London, a Brief History. Land Use Regulations. Positive Local Authority Powers in London. Sources of Affordable Housing: the Rented Sectors. Grants to Assist Access to Affordable Housing. Conclusions. Bibliography.