Ruler cult, Greek and Hellenistic
Divine honors for mortals who had political and/or military power were not an invention of the Greek world. 
 
 
Keywords: 
 
ancient Greece; 
cultural history; 
political history; 
religious history
Queens and ruler cults in Early Hellenism: Festivals, Administration, and Ideology
Comment une nouvelle divinite, munie de ses attributs specifiques, ses timai et ses epiphanies, peut-elle etre creee ? Par qui ? Et a quelles fins ? Qui seront ses pretres et ses fideles ? La documentation hellenistique confere une perspective historique aux aspects cultuels, sociaux et ideologiques de ces phenomenes religieux et les cultes des souverains sont un cas particulier de l’etablissement et de l’acceptation de nouveaux dieux. Les cultes de souveraines n’ont que tres recemment recu l’attention qu’ils meritent. L’article etudie les cas de Berenice Ire, Arsinoe II et Laodice V afin de fournir de nouvelles interpretations de quelques fetes dynastiques et d’etudier la relation entre les cultes de souverains et la legitima­tion du pouvoir feminin. La discussion repose surtout sur des papyrus et des inscriptions, mais l’analyse conclusive de l’Idylle XVII de Theocrite montre que la logique poetique de la legitimation du pouvoir entre en resonance avec celle qu’attestent les sources non litteraires.
Achievements and contradictions of the Peruvian agrarian reform
Different paths of transition to capitalist agriculture, as well as different types of agrarian reform, can be distinguished. The Peruvian agrarian reform is analysed within this context and evaluated in terms of its contribution to rural development. The Peruvian case underlines the importance of understanding the rationality of the pre‐existent agrarian system for a successful restructuring of the agrarian economy and society. The contradictions which arose between the State's model and the peasants’ model of agrarian reform, as well as those between different types of peasants, are discussed. Peru's experience is also a reminder that a land reform is not a sufficient condition for rural development unless accompanied by proper price, marketing, credit and investment policies.