Experimental and numerical study of heat transfer through a synchronous belt transmission type AT10
Highlights • An experimental study on pulley-belt temperature measurement is presented.• The effects of torque, setting tension and angular speed on the belt.• A heat transfer model is proposed to calculate pulley-belt heat flux.• Validation based on experimental thermal surveys and thermocouple measures.• A comparative analysis between two heat fluxes (calculated and simulated) is done.
Analytical-Numerical Model for Temperature Prediction of a Serpentine Belt Drive System
The serpentine belt drive system is used in the auto industry. To avoid thermal destruction inside the belt drive and improve the thermal fatigue life of pulley materials under a variety of operating conditions, the temperature information for each load case must be determined within only a few seconds. To this end, this paper proposes an advanced thermal model to calculate the temperature distribution of a serpentine belt drive at static state operating conditions in an efficient manner. In this model, using analytical and numerical methods, a set of equations is developed according to the thermal flows and heat exchanges occurring in the system. After calculating the thermal flows of each pulley and the belt temperature, the baseline numerical simulations are modified to output the temperature distribution for each pulley. In this manner, the time-consuming numerical calculations for each pulley are performed only once and then analytically modified to provide the temperature predictions for various designed load cases, which dramatically reduces the computational time while maintaining the accuracy. Furthermore, experiments were performed to obtain the temperature data, and the results exhibited a good agreement with the corresponding calculated results. The proposed model can thus be effectively utilized for several types of belt systems and the material development of pulleys.
L-band 3D imaging of an Alpine Glacier: Results from the AlpTomoSAR campaign
In this paper we present results from the tomographic analysis of L-Band SAR data acquired in February/March 2014 over the Mittelbergferner glacier, Austrian Alps, during the ESA campaign AlpTomoSAR. The campaign includes coincident in-situ measurements of snow and ice properties, as well as high-frequency Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data acquired over a total length of 18 km. The analyses of three-dimensional TomoSAR data cubes shows the complexity of the glacier sub-surface scattering. Most areas are characterized by surface scattering in proximity of the Lidar surface, plus a complex pattern of in-depth volumetric scattering beneath. Various subsurface features observed in GPR transects at 600 MHz and 200 MHz clearly showed up in TomoSAR sections as well. In particular: firn bodies, crevasses, and even the bedrock down to 50 m below the ice surface.