Statute Midwifery: Nurturing Passage of a State Student Publications Act.
This paper reviews research concerning the attitudes that principals, journalism advisers, high school journalism press association directors, and student editors hold toward student publications, and it reviews research concerning effective political strategies. The study focuses particularly on the strategies employed by supporters of student press legislation in Arkansas, where such legislation, despite the state's politically conservative orientation, was passed finally in 1995. A detailed history of attempts to draft legislation palatable to all parties involved shows how convoluted a process it became. Supporters of the Arkansas Student Publications Act found that it was only by applying information from both surveys of those associated with high school publications and surveys of those involved in the political processes that they were able to draft successful legislation. First, supporters built a wide base of support for their proposed bill. When that base of support seemed about to unravel, they framed the issue in terms all could appreciate and also compromised on some issues. Second, supporters found effective legislative sponsors, all of whom were well-respected Democrats with rural constituencies, and two of whom were experienced legislators who had either media or teaching backgrounds. Third, and perhaps most importantly, supporters negotiated with the opposition before the opposition had a change to mobilize its forces. They managed to convince the opposition that the proposed act was a win-win-win situation for administrators, advisers and students. (Contains 24 references; 5 appendixes contain successive drafts of the bill). (Author/TB) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. *********************************************************************** Statute Midwifery: Nurturing Passage of a State Student Publications Act
The Influence of Issues On Choice of Voting Cues Utilized By State Legislators
HE decision-making process of legislators has been a subject of extensive research. Although most of the early work limited its analy-*sis to Congress, a growing body of literature has explored voting behavior in state legislatures. An innovative modification of the traditional survey design developed by Kingdon (1981) for the analysis of congressional decision making has recently been applied to three state legislatures by David Ray (1982). Kingdon suggested several basic problems with the traditional use of surveys
REFORMA DO ESTADO E AS POLÍTICAS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR NO BRASIL NOS ANOS 90
This article aims at discussing the federal policies for higher education implemented in Brazil in the 1990s. It assumes that such policies are based on socio-political choices and interests linked to the changes occurring in the contemporary Brazilian scene, changes that have deep historical roots, which emerge in the process of reformation of the Brazilian State. This situation implies alterations in the field of public policies, and more particularly in that of social policies, since the on-going official proposals and projects are characterized by a decrease of the role of State. The borders between public and private affairs have become increasingly blurred in a process detrimental to the former. The contradictions in the federal policies for higher education are analyzed here, as well as their results as for the following fields: institutional diversification and differentiation; assessment criteria, broadening and privatization of this level of education.