Performance of Pelton Turbine for Hydroelectric Generation in Varying Design Parameters
Water power is a renewable energy source which has great potential in replacing fossil energy for generating electricity. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of vertical distance of water source (water head) and nozzle diameter on the electrical power generated by Pelton turbine. It used Pelton turbine type with 22 buckets (vanes) which employed a PMG 200 watts generator with 1 : 2 pulley transmission system. Four different values of nozzle diameter and three different values of water head were chosen as the design parameters of the turbine. The electrical power was measured in three replications for each combination of the design parameters. The research showed that water head and nozzle diameter significantly affect the power generated by the Pelton turbine. The higher the water head from the surface, the more power generated. It was found that the electric power linearly increases with the increasing of nozzle diameter. However, it reaches the peak in 9 mm nozzle diameter and is getting lower in a larger diameter. The highest electric power of 16.89 watt is observed by adjusting the water head on 4.6 m with 9 mm nozzle diameter. Those design parameters are able can produce a rotation speed at 320 rpm in the generator. By identifying the appropriate parameters, it is possible to have more power generated by the water turbine used for hydroelectric power generation plant.
Experimental investigation of design parameters for laboratory scale Pelton wheel turbine using RSM
Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is used in this study as an experimental design to obtain optimum conditions for each parameter. This study uses pelton turbines on a laboratory scale. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimum number of buckets and flow rates against turbine performance. The performance measured in this study is turbine efficiency. RSM is used to obtain mathematical equations from the performance of the turbine at optimum conditions. The optimum results obtained from RSM is to improve the performance of Pelton turbines that are 15,7714 (16 pieces) and flow rate of 0.1583 l / s (0.16 l / s) resulting in turbine efficiency of 29.16%.
Some Aspects of Performance Improvement of Pelton Wheel Turbine with Reengineered Blade and Auxiliary Attachments
Pelton wheel is the only hydraulic turbine of the impulse type in common use, is named after an American engineer Laster A Pelton, who contributed much to its development around the year 1880. Therefore this machine is known as Pelton turbine or Pelton wheel. It is an efficient machine particularly suited to high heads, many modifications is being suggested up to now the major modification was near 1903 after that no major modification is being implemented. The author in this paper with his noble and native concept tried to increase the efficiency of the turbine with the modification in the blade and with some auxiliary attachments which will lead to less wastage of the head and result in better efficiency. Index Terms— Hydraulic turbine, impulse type, reaction type, camber angle, central bucket design, auxiliary attachments, auxiliary bucket design, gear assembly. ——————————  ——————————