The Position and Age of the Sciotoville Bar Locality, Southern Ohio
The Sciotoville Bar was a rock ledge exposed along the northeast bank of the Ohio River between the Little Scioto River and Wolfred Run (NEJ4, sec. 8, T2N, R20W, Scioto County, Ohio). This well-known fossil locality yielded an abundant fauna from concretions in a shale which formed a portion of the ledge. Since 1920, however, the locality has been flooded by the pool created first from construction of Lock and Dam 31, and later by the Captain Anthony Meldahl Locks and Dam. Information assembled from various sources indicates that the main concretionary horizon represents the upper portion of the Portsmouth Member of the Cuyahoga Formation. In addition, a previously unpublished measured section of this locality by Hyde is now available which describes the location of the concretionary fossil-bearing horizon. The combined ammonoid fauna from the upper Cuyahoga and the overlying lower Logan Formation suggests a Kinderhookian rather than Osagean age for the concretionary horizon.
The Mississippian ammonoids Karagandoceras and Kazakhstania from Ohio
The poorly known ammonoid genera Karagandoceras and Kazakhstania are sparsely represented in the upper Cuyahoga and lower Logan Formations of Ohio. Karagandoceras bradfordi, n. sp. from the Byer Member of the Logan Formation, is the first North American record of this genus. Voehringerites, n. gen. (type species: Karagandoceras peracutum Vihringer) is erected for specimens from the H6nnetal, Sauerland, West Germany, previously included in Karagandoceras. Collectively, ammonoids from the upper Cuyahoga and lower Logan Formations suggest a Kinderhookian age assignment for this stratigraphic interval.
In Vivo Comparison of Synthetic Macroporous Filamentous and Sponge-like Skin Substitute Matrices Reveals Morphometric Features of the Foreign Body Reaction According to 3D Biomaterial Designs
Synthetic macroporous biomaterials are widely used in the field of skin tissue engineering to mimic membrane functions of the native dermis. Biomaterial designs can be subclassified with respect to their shape in fibrous designs, namely fibers, meshes or fleeces, respectively, and porous designs, such as sponges and foams. However, synthetic matrices often have limitations regarding unfavorable foreign body responses (FBRs). Severe FBRs can result in unfavorable disintegration and rejection of an implant, whereas mild FBRs can lead to an acceptable integration of a biomaterial. In this context, comparative in vivo studies of different three-dimensional (3D) matrix designs are rare. Especially, the differences regarding FBRs between synthetically derived filamentous fleeces and sponge-like constructs are unknown. In the present study, the FBRs on two 3D matrix designs were explored after 25 days of subcutaneous implantation in a porcine model. Cellular reactions were quantified histopathologically to investigate in which way the FBR is influenced by the biomaterial architecture. Our results show that FBR metrics (polymorph-nucleated cells and fibrotic reactions) were significantly affected according to the matrix designs. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the 3D matrix tissue interactions and can be useful for future developments of synthetically derived skin substitute biomaterials.