Performance of Pelton Turbine for Hydroelectric Generation in Varying Design Parameters
Water power is a renewable energy source which has great potential in replacing fossil energy for generating electricity. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of vertical distance of water source (water head) and nozzle diameter on the electrical power generated by Pelton turbine. It used Pelton turbine type with 22 buckets (vanes) which employed a PMG 200 watts generator with 1 : 2 pulley transmission system. Four different values of nozzle diameter and three different values of water head were chosen as the design parameters of the turbine. The electrical power was measured in three replications for each combination of the design parameters. The research showed that water head and nozzle diameter significantly affect the power generated by the Pelton turbine. The higher the water head from the surface, the more power generated. It was found that the electric power linearly increases with the increasing of nozzle diameter. However, it reaches the peak in 9 mm nozzle diameter and is getting lower in a larger diameter. The highest electric power of 16.89 watt is observed by adjusting the water head on 4.6 m with 9 mm nozzle diameter. Those design parameters are able can produce a rotation speed at 320 rpm in the generator. By identifying the appropriate parameters, it is possible to have more power generated by the water turbine used for hydroelectric power generation plant.
Simulation for Material Selection for a Pico Pelton Turbine’s Wheel and Buckets
Abstract A Pelton wheel turbine is a type of impulse turbine that uses the hydro-mechanical energy of water at an elevated head into mechanical work which is then converted into electrical energy using an electric generator. The objective of this study is to design a Pico hydropower plant for supplementary power storage using the velocity of water harvested from rooftops during rainfall. Complete design calculations of the turbine have been performed as well as analysis of the model Pico energy device. Three types of materials considered most appropriate for the production of the model micro Pelton wheel and buckets are Steel, A390 cast aluminium alloy and Plastic due to availability and cost. The investigation was carried out using Autodesk Inventor to help select the most suitable based on the high cycle fatigue due to continuous force and displacements from the water jet. The materials performances were measured by von Mises stress, strain and displacement; and the result shows that an optimum performance of the wheel and Bucket without an undesirable level of failure in service was achieved using the Aluminum alloy.
Physical Principles of Wind Energy Conversion
The primary component of a wind turbine is the energy converter which transforms the kinetic energy contained in the moving air, into mechanical energy. For the initial discussions of principles, the exact nature of the energy converter is irrelevant. The extraction of mechanical energy from a stream of moving air with the help of a diskshaped, rotating wind energy converter follows its own basic rules.