Evaluation of Elite Sorghum Accessions for Multiple Disease Resistance
Several plant diseases reduce grain and fodder yields of sorghum (Sorg/jum bicolor) and its stover quality (Bandyopadhyay et al. 2001). Participatory rural appraisal studies In India by Rama Devi et al. (2000) Indicated that sale of crop residues to perl-urban milk producers accounted for approximately 50% of the income from sorghum cropping In rural areas of the Deccan Plateau of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Maharashtra, and diseased residues command much lower price In the fodder market. Adverse effects of foliar and panicle diseases on quality and quantity of sorghum grain, fodder and residues have recently been reported (Bandyopadhyay et al. 2000, 2001). Most sorghum diseases can be effectively managed through host-plant resistance. The objective of this study was to Identify resistance to multiple diseases in the selected agronomic elite landrace accessions and breeding lines of sorghum. In this article we report both agronomic features and multiple disease resistance of some of the accessions for their possible use in resistance breeding program.
Maize Stripe Virus: A Disease of Sorghum Emerging in South India
During the growing season several foliar diseases of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) affect grain and stover yields, stover quality and digestibility of the residues. While It Is documented that foliar diseases of sorghum affect yields, no data were found In the literature on the effects of foliar diseases on crop residue yield and quality or the economic consequences for rural producers. Recently Rama Devi et al. (2000) Indicated that diseased residues command much lower prices In the fodder market. Preliminary studies conducted at ICRISAT, Patancheru, India Indicated that sorghum anthracnose (Colletotrichum graminicola) and maize stripe virus (MStV), a tenuivirus, reduce crop residue yield, quality and digestibility. Extensive on-farm surveys were conducted at various crop growth stages In India during 1999-2001 mainly to understand prevalence of foliar diseases, farmers' perceptions on sorghum diseases, feeding strategies and cropping pattern. In this article, we report the incidence and severity of MStV in farmers' fields and its likely effects on crop productivity based on the frequency of occurrence of MStV in Inoculated and control plots.
Modelling environmental impacts of marine finfish aquaculture
Summary Our understanding of the interactions between fish farms and the environment has reached the stage where it is reasonable to expect that quantitative estimates of the possible environmental consequences of aquaculture development can be provided for regulatory and mitigation purposes. This paper summarizes recent developments in this area and provides several case histories of areas where theoretical analyses appear to have direct practical relevance. Fish wastes