A review of empirical studies of aggregate marketing costs and productivity in the United States
This article reviews empirical studies of aggregate marketing cost and aggregate marketing productivity in the United States. A methodological comparison is made of five cost studies for 1929 and seven productivity studies covering a period from 1869 to 1968. The cost studies do not clarify—one way or the other—if marketing costs too much or too little. The productivity studies, on the other hand, despite a variety of methodologies, reveal a rising secular trend over the past century. Thus, it may be concluded that irrespective of changes in cost, marketing is becoming more productive.
Employment, Wages, and Labor Relations in Marketing
tion have been published by the census for many years.’These figures tell an interesting story. They show that the proportion of the gainfully employed workers engaged in marketing (trade and transportation) has increased from decade to decade-from 9.9 per cent in 1870 to 20.4 per cent in 1930, as shown in Table 1. This indicates the relaufacturing, retailing, wholesaling, railroading, construction, and mining) employed about twenty million persons, while if we deduct other groups reported in the occupation census, we would expect these industries to have
New insights into juvenile parotitis
Aim: We enquired about the possibility of a familial trend in juvenile parotitis and evaluated the role of SPINK1 mutations in juvenile parotitis.