Analysis of 3D PPN guidance laws for nonmaneuvering target
Unlike the traditional ways adopted by most of the researchers, the rotating angle of relative velocity is adopted in this work as the independent variable to analyze the analytical solution of impact angle, capture region (with or without finite line of sight (LOS) turn rate constraint), range to go, time to go, and a defined fuel cost of a traditional pure proportional navigation (PPN) guidance law for both nonmaneuvering moving, and stationary targets.
Terminal Impact Angle Constrained Guidance Laws Using Variable Structure Systems Theory
In this brief, variable structure systems theory based guidance laws, to intercept maneuvering targets at a desired impact angle, are presented. Choosing the missile's lateral acceleration (latax) to enforce sliding mode, which is the principal operating mode of variable structure systems, on a switching surface defined by the line-of-sight angle leads to a guidance law that allows the achievement of the desired terminal impact angle. As will be shown, this law does not ensure interception for all states of the missile and the target during the engagement. Hence, additional switching surfaces are designed and a switching logic is developed that allows the latax to switch between enforcing sliding mode on one of these surfaces so that the target can be intercepted at the desired impact angle. The guidance laws are designed using nonlinear engagement dynamics for the general case of a maneuvering target.
CRIMINAL PROSECUTION FOR PRENATAL INJURY
A case of maternal assault resulted in fetomaternal hemorrhage and subsequent neonatal death, leading to a verdict of criminally negligent homicide against the assailant.