Numerical simulation of the internal flow field for the straight pipeline after a sonic nozzle and its influence on the discharge coefficient
By establishing the model, a nozzle outlet and its internal flow field for the straight pipeline after the sonic nozzle is simulated by the CFD software. The simulation results are compared with theoretical data and experimental tests respectively. According to the simulation results, pressure changes strongly from the nozzle outlet, and gradually rises to the back pressure after a distance of 3D (D is pipe diameter) from the nozzle outlet. With the 5D length of the straight pipeline after a sonic nozzle, the nozzle throat will keep critical flow when the back pressure ratio is less than or equal to 0.849, and the straight pipeline after a sonic nozzle has little influence on the discharge coefficient. But when the back pressure ratio is less than 0.507, the pressure in the pipeline appears fluctuations.
Influence of diffuser angle on discharge coefficient of sonic nozzles for flow-rate measurements
Abstract A series of numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the influence of diffuser angle on discharge coefficient of sonic nozzles for gas flow-rate measurements satisfied with the regulation of ISO-9300 and operated at atmospheric condition with throat diameter from 0.15 to 5 mm and 2.0 × 10 3 ≤ R e d ≤ 6.6 × 10 4 . When throat diameters are larger than 1 mm, the discharge coefficients are almost the same for nozzles with different diffuser angles, while they increase with increasing diffuser angle for smaller nozzles. A concept or effective critical flow was introduced to explore the effect of diffuser angle on discharge coefficient. Using a new parameter, effective throat diameter or deviation of effective throat diameter from the minimum effective diameter δ , a very good description is derived to discuss the effect of diffuser angle on the discharge coefficient.
Mechanism of Action of Antibacterial Agents
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