SOFT LAW SEBAGAI SEBUAH STRATEGI : STUD KASUS PIAGAM ASEAN (ASEAN CHARTER)
Abstrak One indicator of the effectiveness of cooperation can be seen from: whether the agreement is soft law or hard law. Cooperation with soft law form  tends to be ineffective because there is no binding consequences, while  hard law form tend to be effective because the consequences are binding. Interestingly, countries drafting their cooperation in the form of soft law, at the expense of the effectiveness of their cooperation. By taking a case study of the ASEAN  Charter, this article came to the conclusion that soft law chosen as a strategy to secure national interests when cooperation assessed no longer profitable. Key Word: Hard Law, Soft Law, Strategy
Legal Issue in the Matter of Cross-Border Insolvency in Indonesia Based on Law No. 37 Of 2004 on the Insolvency and Postponement of Debt Payment Obligation
The issue of cross-border insolvency is growing rapidly in line of the global economic movement. The foreign elements on insolvency process raises question on the States’ jurisdiction, the Court’s authority to adjudicate the case of cross-border insolvency, the recognition of Indonesia’s court decision on insolvency in another State, as well as the issue of Curator’s authority to cooperate with another State officials. In Indonesian insolvency law, the issue of cross-border insolvency is limitedly regulated and unable to resolve the arising legal issues. The inconsistency of the application on territoriality and universality principle in Law No. 37 of 2004 on the Insolvency and Postponement of Debt Payment Obligation causes the difficulty on executing the insolvency assets in another State’s territory and vice versa. Thus, an adequate cross-border insolvency legal framework is required to provide legal certainty for the business actors in Indonesia by adopting the existing legal framework through international agreements and reforming the Indonesian insolvency law.
Super-resolution of overlapped waves in time and frequency domain in a directional borehole radar measurement
The Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm is modified in order to resolve multiple waves and to estimate reflection points in 3-D space. This algorithm is suitable for directional borehole radar with a circular dipole array antenna. Making use of the spatial frequency difference of acquired array signals, the signals are decorrelated, and the 3-D MUSIC algorithm is applied. The time domain signals of the singlehole array-type borehole radar are used in order to form a measurement vector in the MUSIC algorithm. A computer simulation confirms that the proposed algorithm may estimate the directions of arrival (DOA) for three signals. Applying the proposed algorithm to field experiment data successfully estimates the DOA of a reflected wave from a fracture in rock.