The Passion for Reason
Moral values play a great role in legal argumentation and decision making. To be sure, both are based on such institutional sources as statutes, precedents, legislative history etc. Yet, even justice is obviously relevant in legal reasoning. This has been the case since times immemorial, e.g. in Rome (where the common law, ius gentium was supposed to express justice), England (law and equity) and also Scandinavia (“lov” and “dom”). In modem law, the statutes are sometimes “read” in the way alien to a layman, in order to obtain reasonable decisions.
Interpreting Statutes: A Comparative Study
Contents: Introduction, Robert Summers Ithaca on method and methodology, Zenon Bankowski, Neil MacCormick and Jerzy Wroblewski Statutory Interpretation in Argentina, Enrique Zuleta-Puceiro Statutory interpretation in the Federal Republic of Germany, Robert Alexy and Ralf Drier Statutory interpretation in Finland, Aulis Aarnio Statutory Interpretation In France, Michel Troper, Christophe Grzegorczyk and Jean Louis Gardes Statutory Interpretation in Italy, Massimo La Torre, Enrico Pattaro and Michele Taruffo Statutory Interpretation in Poland, Jerzy Wroblewski Statutory Interpretation in Sweden, Alexsander Peczenik and Gunnar Bergholtz Statutory Interpretation in the United Kingdom, Zenon Bankowski and Neil MacCormick Statutory Interpretation in the United States, Robert S. Summers Interpretation and Comparative Analysis, Robert S. Summers and Michele Taruffo Interpretation and Justification, Neil MacCormick and Robert S. Summers Appendix Index.
Some major issues and developments in the philosophy of science of logical empiricism
AsouT twenty-five years ago a small group of philosophically minded scientists and scientifically trained philosophers in Vienna formulated their declaration of independence from traditional philosophy. The pamphlet Wissenschaftliche Weltauffassung: Der Wiener Kreis (1929) contained the first succinct statement of the outlook which soon after became known as "logical positivism." In the first flush of enthusiasm we Viennese felt we had attained a philosophy to end all philosophies. Schlick spoke of a "Wende der Philosophie" (a decisive turning point of philosophy). Neurath and Frank declared "school philosophy" as obsolete and even suggested that our outlook drop the word "philosophy" altogether, and replace it by "Einheitswissenschaft" or by "scien· tific empiricism." The notable impact of Alfred Ayer's first book in England, and my own efforts ~oward a propagation of Logical Positivism in the United States during the early thirties, and then the immi· gration of Carnap, Frank, von Mises, Reichenbach, Hempel and Bergmann created a powerful movement, but it elicited also sharp opposition nncl criticism. Through the discussions within the movement and its own production and progressive work, as well as in response to the