Reducing disaster risks 1980–2010: Some reflections and speculations
Through personal reflections on themes covering past experiences, the author considers selected experiences of disaster risk management (DRM) that span 30 years of DRM, and makes some speculations concerning the future, and ponders whether within the selected themes the future looks positive or negative. The observations begin with some memories of the Ocho Rios Conference: a multi disciplinary expedition to examine housing and hazards in Pakistan; issues concerning education and training; and finally the success of a massive reconstruction project of rural dwellings in Pakistan following the 2005 earthquake. Some key questions are considered: the value of community-based risk management; the reduction of short- or long-term risks; the protection of critical facilities; whose reality is being addressed? official neglect of education for DRM; the conditions needed to create highly effective safe reconstruction in rural Pakistan.
Disaster Governance and Its Relevance
It is evident that disasters are a true litmus test of governance. Many attributes of governance interplay in disasters, before, during, and after a situation. Governance is the exercise of political, economic, and administrative authority in the management of a country’s affairs at all levels. This book is emphasizing the governance of disaster risks that influences the way in which national and subnational actors (including governments, parliamentarians, public servants, the media, the private sector, and civil society organizations) are willing and able to coordinate their actions to manage and reduce disaster-related risk (UNDP. Disaster risk reduction, governance & mainstreaming. UNDP, New York, 2010). This introductory chapter will discuss the risk governance perspectives in the parlance of accepted theoretical base. The present research will make a review of different governance issues related to the disaster risk reduction, from global, regional, national, and local perspectives, and will highlight the needs and relevance of disaster governance at different levels.
Church, state and schools in Britain, 1800-1970
Originally published 1971, this volume unravels the complicated history of the religious question in British education. The background of the key Acts of Parliament which established the "dual" system - of Church and Local Authority school - is examined. The changing policies of different religious groupings are analyzed, and their outcome in legislation brought out.