Inadequate career advice for students.
Abstract Students would benefit from advice on the wide scope of career opportunities available within the pharmaceutical industry
Diversity amongst international pharmacy students
Objective: To describe the diversity of international pharmacy students’ demographics, motivating factors in program choice and career aspirations. Method: Cross-sectional survey of pharmacy students in Finland, Kuwait, New Zealand, Sudan and Zimbabwe. Results: Totally 1516 questionnaires were completed. Demographic variables varied. Only 56% of New Zealand students were local citizens. Females predominated except in Zimbabwe (67% male). Less than 10% of students in Kuwait considered pharmacy an easy program, compared to 39% Finnish MPharm students. Philanthropy was the main reason for choosing to study pharmacy, although lifestyle issues played a big role in Finland. Financial motives were important in Sudan and Zimbabwe. A larger proportion of students in these two countries also wanted to work in the private sector. Future career aspirations varied greatly between countries. Conclusion: Pharmacy students show great diversity between countries which has important implications for academic orientation, course development and moves towards curriculum harmonisation.
Evaluation and Control of Collapsible Soils
Some compacted soils wetted under certain conditions of compaction and loading may exhibit additional settlement (collapse). To investigate the effect of the soil type, compaction water content, initial dry unit weight and applied pressure at wetting on collapse potential, 138 single‐oedometer tests were conducted on eight different soils. The results indicate that well‐graded soils tend to collapse more than poorly graded ones under similar conditions. Furthermore, collapse potential decreases with an increase in (1) The difference between the sand and clay percentages; (2) compaction water content; and (3) initial dry unit weight, while it increases with pressure at wetting. A multiple regression analysis was performed on the laboratory results to provide a collapse‐predictive model that was substantiated by data reported by several researchers. A chart is presented to estimate (1) The collapse potential of soils under various conditions; and (2) the critical water content beyond which no collapse is ex...