Filling the Gondwana gaps: new species and new reports of Beatogordius Heinze, 1934 (Nematomorpha) from Australia and Madagascar
We describe two new species of Beatogordius Heinze, 1934 (Nematomorpha), B. australiensis and B. lineatus, from Queensland, Australia. One further species, B. abbreviatus (Villot, 1874), which was known from Reunion, is reported from Madagascar. These new reports extend the range of Beatogordius from Africa and South America to include Madagascar and Australia. Beatogordius was likely distributed over the Gondwana continent prior to the separation of continental plates in the Mesozoic. This extends the existence of the taxon Nematomorpha, which was only known from young brown coal and amber, into the Mesozoic. Adhesive warts, structures anterior of the cloacal opening in males of B. abbreviatus, were originally described as characteristic structures of Gordionus Müller, 1927, but their occurrence in B. abbreviatus and one South American species indicates a wider distribution of this character.
Revision of the genus Beatogordius (Gordiida, Nematomorpha): II. South American species with description of two new species.
Seven species of Beatogordius (Nematomorpha) have been reported from South America. A reinvestigation could not reproduce a number of determinations indicated in the literature. B. deshayesi has been a misinterpretation and the status of B. irregularis appears to be very uncertain, because no generic characters could be found. The descriptions of B. alfredi and B. latastei confirm that these species belong to South America only. In B. abaiconus we found adhesive warts anterior of the male cloacal opening. These structures were to date only known from the genus Gordionus. In the posterior end of females from B. alfredi and B. variabilis, short paired rows of bristles were present which had to date only been known from the African species B. equinatus. Two new species, B. funis and B. palustre could be added to the genus.
Experimental Study for a Double-Glazed Forced-Flow Solar Collector/Regenerator
Experimental study of a double-glazed forced-convection solar collector/regenerator for absorption solar cooling is presented. The south facing experimental solar collector/regenerator with 10 deg slope is located at Kaohsiung, Taiwan at 120{degree}19minutesE longitude and 22{degree}34minutesN latitude. The size of the collector is 1 m wide and 7 m long with an effective regeneration area of 0.9 m by 6 m. Previous study for single-glazed forced-convection solar collector/regenerator operated at the same location has shown to have a best day-average efficiency of 17%. In order to raise the system performance, a double-glazed collector/regenerator is constructed such that air can be preheated in the upper channel flow. The preheated air is then conducted into the lower channel where it contacts with the film flow of solar heated lithium-chloride solution and regenerates the solution by carrying out the evaporated water vapor. The preheated air has lower relative humidity but the same humidity ratio since it is sensibly heated. Therefore, the regeneration driving potential is increased. The present study shows that the best day-average efficiency can reach 20% which increases the feasibility of the open-cycle absorption solar cooling system. Effects of controlling parameters on the collector/regenerator performance are studied, and heat and mass transfer correlationsmore » are also presented for design purposes.« less