Inclusive particle production in the geometrical two-chain model of soft hadronic interactions.
The geometrical two-chain model was established to describe the soft, low-energy hadronic interaction. The main aim of the model was the applicability of creating a fast and accurate Monte Carlo interaction generator of such processes in complex and time-consuming simulation calculations as, e.g., that of the simulations of the hadron passage through the thick media. In this paper we present the model predictions concerning the inclusive particle production characteristics. A comparison with the fritiof model frequently used for high-energy event generation and experimental results is given.
Depth of maximum of extensive air showers and cosmic ray composition above eV in the geometrical multichain model of nuclei interactions
The depth of maximum for extensive air showers measured by Fly's Eye and Yakutsk experiments is analysed. The analysis depends on the hadronic interaction model that determines cascade development. The novel feature found in the cascading process for nucleus-nucleus collisions at high energies leads to a fast increase of the inelasticity in heavy nuclei interactions without changing the hadron-hadron interaction properties. This effects the development of the extensive air showers initiated by heavy primaries. The detailed calculations were performed using the recently developed geometrical multichain model and the CORSIKA simulation code. The agreement with data on average depth of shower maxima, the falling slope of the maxima distribution, and these distribution widths are found for the very heavy cosmic ray mass spectrum (slightly heavier than expected in the diffusion model at about and similar to the Fly's Eye composition at this energy).
Parameters for low energy operation of CESR
We present a detailed design for operation of the Cornell Electron Storage Ring, CESR, in the energy range covering the /spl psi/ resonances and the Charm and Tau thresholds, as well as reaching to the upper Y resonances near 11 GeV. The addition of 18 m of super-ferric wiggler magnets will partially restore low energy beam emittance and damping times. Installation of superconducting quadrupoles in the interaction region and the addition of high performance superconducting RF cavities will enhance performance at all energies. Studies of optics, beam dynamics, wiggler and vacuum system performance, beam stability, and beam-beam effects confirm operation with a luminosity of 3/spl times/ 10/sup 32/ CM/sup -2/ sec/sup -1/ at 1.88 GeV.