Commonwealth Contributions and British Requirement of Fruit
Commonwealth contributions to the British diet 83 Thus, the supplies of bacon from Commonwealth sources are unlikely to increase as fast as supplies from home production, and supplies from European sources are already increasing. There is, however, one new possibility in the future, the production of pigs as part of the grain-sorghum scheme in Queensland. It is too soon as yet to estimate the potentialities of this scheme, but one word of caution is necessary. Sorghum can be used to replace only such foods as maize in the fattening of pigs. Adequate supplies of protein-containing foods for sows and weaners will, therefore, be the limiting factor in this form of pig production. The success of the scheme will thus depend upon one or both of two factors, the discovery of new supplies of feeding-stuffs containing animal protein, and the more efficient use of present supplies. There is no doubt that feeding-stuffs containing animal protein have been used very wastefully in the past and could be used far more efficiently in the future. The discovery of cheap sources of vitamin q2 also would help with the large-scale production of store pigs for fattening on sorghum.
South Africa's Contribution to the British Diet
Conclusion The future of production in New Zealand is bright. Food production will increase steadily, and, provided seasons remain temperate, shipping facilities and standards improve, and refrigeration store space is available in Britain, the targets aimed at in New Zealand will be possible of attainment. Mush depends, too, on the improvement of marginal land and the continuous supply of superphosphate. The Kew Zealand farmer is a sane and well-informed member of the community, willing to pull his weight whenever difficult situations occur. He is backed by useful agricultural colleges and a live Agriculture Department, and the sale of produce is organized by representative bodies, the Meat Board and Dairy Commission. This has led to a stable primary industry.
Increasing pulp yield in kraft cooking of softwoods by high initial effective alkali concentration (HIEAC) during impregnation leading to decreasing secondary peeling of cellulose
Abstract Pulp yield can be improved by a more homogeneous delignification of the chips, achieved by improved impregnation prior to the cooking stage. Complete and efficient impregnation is obtained by increasing the diffusion rate by means of an impregnation liquor with a high initial effective alkali concentration (HIEAC). In the present study, the effect of HIEAC in the impregnation was evaluated and compared to a reference impregnation procedure and a prolonged impregnation. After the various impregnation scenarios, the alkali concentration was always adjusted to the same level in the beginning of the cooking stage. Impregnation with a HIEAC resulted in yield improvements by 1–1.5% units, due to a higher cellulose yield and possibly also to higher yield of glucomannan. The HIEAC with an even alkali distribution within the chips prior to the cooking stage resulted in a more uniform delignification carbohydrate degradation. Yield increase obtained by uniform delignification is due to both decreased shives content as well as less secondary peeling.