Jane Shore and the Politics of Cursing
Thomas Churchyard's contribution to the 1563 edition of The Mirror for Magistrates, "Shore's wife," one of the first literary treatments of Jane Shore's role in pre-Tudor English affairs, is notable for its political exploitation of one of several of Edward IV's concubines. Narrating her fall from politically influential mistress of a king to an impoverished, friendless woman, Churchyard's Shore bitterly curses Richard III, whom she regards as the cause of her suffering. Engaging in the historiographical hazing of one of England's most unpopular monarchs, Churchyard's tragic heroine is subversive, if not treasonous, in her stance against Richard III.
‘Men Go to Battle, Women Wage War’: Gender Politics in The White Queen and Its Fandom
Billed as a feminist reinterpretation of history, The White Queen (BBC/Starz, 2013) was clearly aimed at a female audience, but in spite of a youthful cast, sexual content, and high production values, viewer enthusiasm waned by the final episodes. This disenchantment stems in part from the writers’ emphasis on rivalries between women and the oversimplification of queenship as an institution with power in its own right. With the rise of digitization projects and open-access publishing, however, a determined fan of the show can access a variety of primary material, and fan arguments often mirror those in academic circles. Indeed, some discussions demonstrate greater understanding of the period than the series, suggesting that even subpar representations of queenship can inspire a spectrum of audience engagement.
The crystal structure of stilpnomelane. Part II. The full cell
Summary The structural formula of stilpnomelane averaged from 37 representative literature analyses and based on the determined structure is (Ca,Na,K)4(Ti0·1Al2·3Fe35·5Mn0·8Mg9·3)[Si63Al9](O,OH)216·nH2O. Ferrostilpnomelanes have up to 12 R 3+ cations in the octahedral sheet, ferristilpnomelanes commonly have between 24 and 30 R 3+ cations, rarely up to 37. The two groups can be distinguished by accurate X-ray powder diffraction, ferrostilpnomelanes having d 001 less and a greater than have ferristilpnomelanes. The unit cell is triclinic, a = b∼21·8 Å, γ = 120°, d 001∼12·2 Å, P . Hexagonal groups or ‘islands’ of 24 silicon-oxygen tetrahedra co-ordinate to the octahedral sheet, the centres of the ‘islands’ are displaced by 5a/12, 8b/12 on either side of the octahedral sheet as a result of warping of this sheet to permit articulation with the smaller tetrahedral sheet. The 24-tetrahedra ‘islands’ are linked laterally by 6-member rings of inverted tetrahedra, which in turn link at their apices to like rings connecting the next sheet of ‘islands’. Thus a single tetrahedral layer is 4 tetrahedra thick and has symmetry 6/m. The 6-member rings of tetrahedra act as hinges permitting up to 0·5 Å extension or contraction of the tetrahedral sheet to accommodate variations in the octahedral sheet dimensions with varying R 2+/R 3+ ratio.