Cooperation Levels in Caspian States’ Practice in the 1990s
The incompleteness of the Soviet–Iranian agreements and their conflicting interpretation raised doubt about the legality of the activities of Caspian littoral states in the 1990s. Actions taken by coastal states, often taken under the influence of mutually exclusive political and economic national interests of individual states, have an effect on all strategic areas of cooperation in the Caspian Sea, including the question of the setting of state borders, operating of ships and fisheries and degradation of natural resources and their transportation. This precarious situation alters already existing legal problems and creates new ones. Establishment of a uniform legally-binding document regulating the collaboration of states in the Caspian Sea basin is of tremendous importance for the political security of the entire region and its future economic development. Clarity and thus stability of the legal situation in the Caspian region is no less important for securing international investments in the extraction of Caspian resources, obtaining foreign loans as well as for the purchase of shares or exploitation rights to Caspian oil and gas fields. The introduction of legal standards and rules oriented towards peace and international legal standards would make an important contribution to the prevention of military solutions.
The Changing Law of Nations. Essays on International Law.
that international law here failed in its primary purpose of deterring the violation of agreed norms, he contends that it was later vindicated and its authority reaffirmed. In the third of the selected cases, the author examines the abduction of Adolf Eichmann from Argentina. As he sees it, Israel violated a clear norm of international law but was permitted to retain the fruits of its violation, subject to no sanction other than the exaction of an apology. In this sense, international law failed; but according to the author, if the case is viewed in a larger perspective, it emerges as one that made future violations of the same kind less likely and increased the influence of the United Nations in support of internatienal law. In the fourth case, the Cuban quarantine, the author seeks to explore the complex interaction among international law, policy, and diplomacy in their many ramifications. In Part Five, containing the concluding chapters, Mr. Henkin undertakes explicitly to refute the views of certain conspicuous and representative contemporary critics of international law, notably George Kennan and Professor Hans Morgenthau. The spirit of the study is empirical. The treatment is unavoidably impressionistic, given the size of the volume in relation to the magnitude and complexity of the subject. It is more likely to prove congenial to champions of international law than persuasive to its detractors. But the several matters treated are enriched by the author's penetration, balance and learning.
Research on Control and Planning of Soft-Wing UAV for Haze Removal
The existence of fog and haze has caused great pollution to the environment. The research of removing haze is a hot topic in recent years. In this paper, a special haze removal algorithm based on Soft- Wing UAVis proposed. In this algorithm, two track control strategies are designed based on the Soft-Wing UAV model transfer function. A SIMULINK platform based mathematical model of Soft-Wing UAV is built to testified effectiveness of the two track control strategies. An autonomous ergodic-planning algorithm with greedy strategy and foldback algorithm for Soft-Wing UAV is designed. Within the algorithm, the haze regional has been modelled, the cost matrix is constructed, and the planning and ergodic strategy is proposed. Finally, the experimental results validates the reliability of the algorithm in the application of haze removal with the proposed evaluation Index.