The economics of Aboriginal education
This paper analyses broad patterns in Australian Aboriginal affairs and indigenous education since colonisation. The influence of these patterns on educational initiatives over the last 20 years is explored in some detail. Discussion highlights the level of systemic bias and structural violence which continue to influence Aboriginal life chances and, by extension, educational achievement among indigenous Australians despite state and federal policies designed to enhance educational access and equity. Of particular concern is that such policies are not closely integrated with community development and appear to continue to press for assimilation rather than self‐determination. As such, indigenous education appears to intensify levels of systemic frustration in Aboriginal communities. These issues are illustrated by an analysis of educational attainments among Aboriginal students in relation to those of other Australians and government expenditure.
National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander survey 1994
tag=1 data=National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander survey 1994. by Christine Kilmartin

tag=2 data=Kilmartin, Christine

tag=3 data=Family Matters,

tag=5 data=40

tag=6 data=Autumn 1995

tag=7 data=41-43.

tag=8 data=ABORIGINES

tag=10 data=During the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody in the early 1990s, the paucity of comparative national data about Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people was recognised. As a result, Recommendation 49 of that enquiry called for a `special national survey covering a range of social, demographic, health and economic characteristics of the Aboriginal population'.

tag=11 data=1995/1/5

tag=12 data=95/0235

tag=13 data=CAB
An Empirical Table of Structural Violence
Introducticon Whenever persons are harmed, maimed, or killed by poverty and unjust social, political, and economic institutions, systems, or structures, we speak of structural violence. Structural violence, like armed violence, can have two effects it either kills its victims or it harms them in various ways short of killing. In this paper we present some estimates of the fatal consequences of structural violence in global society for a single year (1965). It must be kept in mind, however, that both armed and structural violence cause manifold and immense physical, social, and psychological damage in addition to causing death.