Data on the sensory evaluation of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) from different areas of Hokkaido, Japan, performed by untrained young adults
This data article describes a sensory evaluation of potatoes used in food processing from the Tokachi, Kamikawa, and Abashiri geographic areas of Hokkaido, Japan, performed by untrained young adults. We gathered sensory data on potatoes from the four cultivars ‘Toyoshiro,’ ‘Kitahime,’ ‘Snowden,’ and ‘Poroshiri.’ The sensory evaluation was performed on steamed potatoes from each cultivar; these potatoes were harvested from each of the three geographic areas. Table 1 provides the data from the evaluation of the five basic tastes (sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and umami), as well as the evaluation of the egumi taste, which is a Japanese term indicating a taste that is acrid, astringent, and slightly bitter.
Screening of commercial cellulase preparations for manufacturing moromi vinegar from purple sweet potatoes and their effect on the degaradation of anthocyanin
The shochu distillery by-products of sweet potatoes are known as starting materials for moromi vinegar. Cellulase treatment of the by-products improves the manufacture of moromi vinegar and filterability of the by-products. In this study, 20 commercial cellulase preparations have been investigated on their filterability and degradation of anthocyanin for moromi vinegar from purple sweet potatoes. Improvement of the filterability was rendered excellent by the Trichoderma origin compared with those of the Aspergillus origin. Many cellulase preparations degraded the taste of the vinegar. Six cellulase preparations gave bitterness and egumi to the vinegars; 4, bitterness; 1, bitterness and acidity; and 3, acidity. Two cellulase preparations did not change the taste. After the treatment with 12 cellulase preparations, the vinegar still retained a purple color, but 4 preparations significantly degraded the purple color. When the best preparation was used for 500 1 scale-vinegars, the filtrability was improved and no degradation of anthocyanin was observed.
Coexistence of Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Pasteurella multocida Isolated from Diseased Rabbits
Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida)is considered a predominant pathogenic bacterial agent causing respiratory manifestations (snuffles) in rabbits with considerable economic losses and unfavorable prognosis in Egypt. A few recent P. multocida strains exhibit resistance to the most commonly used antibiotics in the veterinary field. Therefore, the present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of both virulence and antibiotic resistance genes among P. multocida isolated from diseased rabbits in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Only 10 out of 100 tested rabbits` nasal swabs were finally confirmed positive for P. multocida of serogroup A by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antibiotic susceptibility testing of the recovered isolates revealed that they were all multidrug resistant (MDR) with a predominance of resistance to amoxicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, neomycin and tetracycline (100% each), followed by kanamycin and streptomycin (90% each). All the recovered isolates were further subjected to PCR screening of some common virulence and antibiotic resistance genes of interest . With the exception of toxA gene, the other virulence associated genes (ptfA, Omp87 and nanB) were found among all the examined isolates. Totally, all MDR P. multocida isolates contained at least one antibiotic resistance gene with aphA1 being the most prevalent (100%), followed by ermX gene (40%). Antibiotic resistance genotyping demonstrated the presence of multiple antibiotic resistance genes among majority of the isolates (40%) with only one isolate harboring 4 genes encoding identical resistance phenotypes. Evidentially, all MDR P. multocida isolates possessed at least 3 virulence genes accompanied by the attendance of antibiotic resistance genes. These findings evidenced that rabbits are potential sources of pathogenic P. multocida strains harboring virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. Therefore, it is evident that there is an urgent need for the judicious use of antibiotics in rabbits` treatment systems to successfully mitigate the propagation of drug resistance across P. multocida species.