Forms of responsibility in international criminal law
1. Introduction 2. Joint criminal enterprise 3. Superior responsibility 4. Complicity and aiding and abetting 5. Planning, instigating and ordering 6. Concurrent convictions and sentencing 7. Conclusion 8. Annexes.
The Case 002/01 Trial Judgment: A Stepping Stone from Nuremberg to the Present?
This chapter offers a summary and assessment of the Case 002/01 Trial Judgment, which was issued on 7 August 2014. The chapter focuses on the modern jurisprudential relevance of the Case 02/01 Trial Judgment. It provides an overview of the Trial Chamber’s factual findings then highlights aspects of the Judgment which might be viewed as jurisprudential stepping stones from the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg to more recent courts and tribunals.
What is Enlightenment
Enlightenment is man's emergence from his self-imposed nonage. Nonage is the inability to use one's own understanding without another's guidance. This nonage is self-imposed if its cause lies not in lack of understanding but in indecision and lack of courage to use one's own mind without another's guidance. Dare to know! (Sapere aude.) "Have the courage to use your own understanding," is therefore the motto of the enlightenment.