Towards sustainability in the high-speed railway industry: modeling of cases from China
Purpose – This paper aims to document and to illustrate highly usable research: a practical framework for realizing the sustainable operations of the high investment, technology-intensive high-speed railways in China. Also, for the first time, we draw a broad, metaphorical relationship between railways within a country to Chinese meridian lines within a human body. These are similar in enabling flows across the country and human body. Design/methodology/approach – Employing Chinese case studies, we attempt to apply methodological procedures involving operational, financial and developmental in realizing the sustainability of high-speed railways. Critical criteria are emphasized for efficiency, financial viability and long-term funding sustained development of high-speed railways in the Chinese context. Policymakers may utilize the illustrative framework in working toward specific recommendations that may be implementable. Findings – Three critical aspects to sustainability are operational, financial solve...
High Speed Passenger Railway Project Investment Analysis Based on Equity Capital Attribute and Required Return
From the prospect of business economics and project investment analysis,an investigation was made of the mechanism of diversifying equity investment in high speed passenger railway business via analyzing the logical relationships between economic attributes of high speed passenger railway product and the invested equity capitals,and the required rates of return by equities.The attribute differentials for different equities were clarified.For high speed passenger railway project investment analysis,the net present value break-even approach was employed to improve the evaluation concept and method by taking into account the differentia of the required rates of return by subdivided equities.Further,a case analysis was made of high speed passenger railway project investment focusing on economic feasibility with numerical illustration.
Second-Generation Process Research Towards Eletriptan: A Fischer Indole Approach
The development of a second-generation process for the synthesis of eletriptan via a Fischer indole cyclisation is described. The finalised process offers several potential advantages over the current route of manufacture including cost, throughput, and safety.