IMPROVING THE CONTINUOUS CAST BLANK STRUCTURE BY USING MICRO-COOLANTS
Paper intended to clarify some problems regarding the accomplishment of an improved crystalline of the continuously cast blanks using the micro-coolant addition during the continuous casting of the steel. The industrial experiments were made within a metallurgical plant having a continuous casting machine for blooms with a 240x270mm section. Micro-coolants as grains were added in the mould of the continuous casting machine, on a single thread. The conclusions got from analyzing the casting structure of the experimental blanks (with addition of micro-coolants in the mould) in comparison with the common casting structure (witness blank) are presented.
RESPECTS REGARDING THE USAGE MICRO-COOLERS TO CASTING STEEL
Basic problem, which must solve to casting steel, consists in the smooth ingots procurance insurance from chemical point of view, structural and of mechanical ownerships. For the defects mitigation to solidification classic, it is the needed adjustment to an efficient methods exhaust of warmth from the steel under solidification through the administration of micro-cooler under form of grains to casting. Micro-coolers you utilize with the view of process directing of solidification must achieve conditions series: to have a heaved purity respecting the content of oxide inclusions; the wet micro-coolers uttermost 0, 25%; to not have surface oxidant; to have a certain granulometric composition. The work clears the aspects related interaction micro-coolers you deal to casting steel over solidification to this. As parameters, which influence the process of solidification they were taken in the dimensions, study micro-coolers, the specific enlargement of micro-cooler, steel temperature in the enlargement moment while as the influenced parameter steel volume in which they acted microcoolers. Through analysis of regression by the agency of program Excel and Matlab they obtained dependence between meal micro-cooler you utilize to casting ingots from temperature and steel of casting, correlations which they allow the optimal areas establishment variation for temperature of casting, the quantity of micro-cooler dealt respective affected volume percent of cooling to the administration micro-coolers.
Substation automation based on IEC 61850 with new process-close technologies
New technologies in primary equipment like nonconventional instrument transformers require new interfaces to the substation automation system. The future standard IEC 61850 perfectly supports this requirement. With the introduction of the new technologies and the use of IEC 61850, a more decentralized architecture of the substation automation system will be possible. This provides several benefits but a careful system design is required to maintain the overall reliability of the system.