Trafficking in Persons in Indonesia: A Review on Current Anti-Trafficking Legislation Development
Trafficking in persons has become a global phenomena, including within Indonesia. Even now, Indonesia is identified as a source, transit, and destination country for victims of trafficking in persons for the purposes of forced labor and commercial sexual exploitation. The victims include women, children, and men. However, Indonesia is committed to preventing trafficking in persons, punishing offenders, and protecting victims of trafficking. Towards this end, Indonesia is taking many strategic and practical steps to eradicate trafficking in persons; including enacting current specific anti-trafficking law to cope with this type of crime; i.e., Law No. 21 of 2007 on the Eradication of Criminal Act of Trafficking in Persons. This article examines the development of anti trafficking legislation in Indonesia, including international instruments, prior legislation, and current legislation adopted in coping with the criminal act of trafficking in persons. The results would provide more undertsnading pertaining to trafficking in persons in Indonesia and the development of acts adopted by the country in adressing this criminal act. Keywords: Indonesia, trafficking in persons, legislation development
Perlindungan Korban Kekerasan Kejahatan Perdagangan Manusia dalam Sistem Hukum Pidana Indonesia
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bentuk dan penyebab perdagangan manusia (perempuan) dan kebijakan yang dapat meminimalisir kekerasan kejahatan perdagangan manusia (perempuan) serta upaya-upaya penanggulangannya. Metode penelitian ini adalah yuridis-sosiologis dengan pendekatan  kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu studi kepustakaan dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan  terdapat bentuk-bentuk  kekerasan yaitu kekerasan seksual, kekerasan fisik, kekerasan mental, melalui ciri-ciri dipukul, disiram air alkohol, diancam dan lain-lain. Dan  penyebabnya ditipu, dijanjikan pekerjaan, pendidikan rendah. Kebijakan Undang-undang No 21 Tahun 2007 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang  perlu penanganan yang optimal untuk membuktikan bentuk kekerasan yang dialami korban, 3 pola penanganan pembuktian yaitu : pemeriksaan yang berasal dari penanganan tim forensik, pemeriksaan yang berasal dari penanganan  tim kepolisian, pemeriksaan yang berasal dari penaganan tim psikolog. Kesimpulkan yang diperoleh adalah bentuk kekerasan dalam perdagangan manusia (perempuan) meliputi :kekerasan seksual, kekerasan fisik, kekerasan mental. Penyebabnya, faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Implementasi Undang-undang No 21 Tahun 2007 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Perdagang Orang, pembuktian bentuk kekerasan melalui beberapa pola penanganan : pemeriksaan forensik, pemeriksaan kepolisian, pemeriksaan psikologi. The purpose of this research is to know the forms and causes of human trafficking (women) and policies that can minimize the violent crime of human trafficking (women) and penanggulangannya efforts. The method of this research is the juridical sociological approach-qualitative. Data collection methods used i.e. study librarianship and interviews. The research results obtained pointed out there were other forms of violence, sexual violence, physical abuse, mental abuse, through distinctive struck, watered alcohol water, threatened and others. And the cause is tricked, promised jobs, education is low. The policy of law No. 21 of 2007 About the eradication of criminal acts of Trafficking need to prove the optimal handling of forms of violence experienced by victims, 3 pattern of proof, namely: handling the checks came from forensic team, handling the checks came from the team of police handling, proofing that comes from penaganan the team psychologist. Kesimpulkan obtained is a form of violence in human trafficking (women) include: sexual violence, physical violence, mental violence. The cause, internal factors and external factors. The implementation of law No. 21 of 2007 About the eradication of criminal acts of Perdagang people, through some form of proof of violent handling patterns: forensic examination, inspection, examination of police psychology.
Coronial Practice, Indigeneity and Suicide
All available data suggest that, like many other Indigenous peoples, Australian Aborigines are significantly more likely to kill themselves than are non-Aboriginal Australians. This statistical disparity is normally positioned an objective, ontological and undeniable social fact, a fact best explained as a function of endemic community disadvantage and disenfranchisement. This research explores the possibility that higher-than-normal Aboriginal suicide rates may also be a function of coronial decision-making practices. Based upon in-depth interviews with 32 coroners from across Australia, the following conclusions emerged from the data. First, coroners have differing perceptions of Indigenous capacity, and are less likely to have concerns about intent when the suicide is committed by an Indigenous person. Second, coroners have identified divergent scripts of Indigenous suicide, particularly its spontaneity and public location, and this supports rather than challenges, a finding of suicide. Third, the coronial perception of Indigenous life is a factor which influences a suicide determination for Indigenous deaths. Finally, the low level of Indigenous engagement with the coronial system, and the unlikelihood of a challenge to the finding of suicide by Indigenous families, means that a coronial determination of suicide is more likely.