A new caridean shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Dendrobranchiata) from the Upper Jurassic Solnhofen Lithographic Limestones of Schernfeld (South Germany)
A new genus and species of caridean shrimps, Occultocaris frattigianii nov. gen. et sp., is described from the Upper Jurassic Solnhofen Lithographic Limestones of Schernfeld near Eichstatt (Lower Tithonian, Hybonotum Zone). It differs from other genera of carideans primarily in the armature of the rostrum in combination with the shape of the chelae of the first and second pereiopods.
Revision of the fossil crustacean Blaculla brevipes, and description of a new caridean shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda: Dendrobranchiata) from the Upper Jurassic Solnhofen Lithographic Limestones of Schernfeld (Germany)
The validity and synonymy of Blaculla brevipes cannot be established beyond doubt, and thus the name is considered a nomen dubium. Subsequently, a new species of caridean shrimp, Blaculla haugi nov. sp., is described from the Upper Jurassic Solnhofen lithographic limestones of Schernfeld near Eichstatt (Lower Tithonian, Hybonotum Zone). The new species differs from the other members in the genus Blaculla mainly with regard to the armature of the rostrum and shape of the chelae of the first pereiopods, as well as in the overall-habitus.
Percussion marks on bone surfaces as a new diagnostic of hominid behaviour
Since stone tool cut marks and carnivore tooth marks were first described systematically on Plio-Pleistocene archaeological bone1,2, bone surface modification has played a prominent role in interpreting early archaeological site formation and hominid behaviour3–15. Here we introduce a new class of bone surface modification, which we call percussion marks. Percussion marks were produced during experimental breakage of marrow bones, and occur as pits or grooves impressed on a bone's surface by natural protrusions on the granitic hammerstone and anvil used. Although percussion marks can superficially mimic carnivore tooth marks, they nonetheless are closely associated with hammerstone impact notches and show consistent micromorphological features which distinguish them from tooth marks and other classes of bone surface modification. Given indications of prehistoric hammer-stone breakage of marrow bones1,7, an awareness of percussion marks is critical for accurately identifying the biological agents of bone modification at archaeological sites and provides a new diagnostic of carcass processing by hominids.