Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Planting Pattern on Yield and Its Components of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Ilam Province, Iran
Abstract—Most parts of the world such as Iran are facing the excessive consumption of fertilizers, that are used to achieve high yield, but increase the cost of production of fertilizer and degradation of soil and water resources. This experiment was carried out to study the effect of PGPR and planting pattern on yield and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa L.) using split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Ilam province, Iran. Bio-fertilizer including Azotobacter, Nitroxin and control treatment (without consumption) were designed as a main plot and planting pattern including 15 × 10, 15 × 15 and 15 × 20 and the number of plant in hill including 3, 4 and 5 plants in hill were considered as a sub-plots. The results showed that the effect of biofertilizers, planting pattern and the number of plants in hill were significant affect on yield and yield components. Interaction effect between bio-fertilizer and planting pattern had important difference on the number spikelet of panicle and harvest index. Interaction effect between bio-fertilizer and the number of plants in hill were significant affect on the number of spikelet per panicle. The maximum grain yield was obtained by inoculation with Nitroxin, planting pattern of 15 × 15 and 4 plants in hill with mean of 1110.6 g.m, 959.9 g.m and 928.4 g.m, respectively.
Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on Reduction Nitrogen Fertilizer Application in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)
4 Abstract: In order to study the effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on yield and yield components of rapeseed, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized completed block design with three replications in Ilam, Iran in 2011-2012 cropping season. The factors consisted of three levels of nitrogen fertilizer (100, 150 and 200 kg ha ) and bio-fertilizer (non-inoculation, Azotobacter Chroococcum and 1 Pseudomona Putid). The results showed that nitrogen rates had significant effects on yield and yield components. Significant increase was observed in all characters with applying bio-fertilizers and increasing nitrogen from 100 to 200 kg ha . The latter two treatments were in same statistical class in most characters. 1 Applying Azotobacter and Pseudomona increased yield and yield components by 15.8 and 13.7%, respectively compared with control treatment. There were significant interaction between nitrogen levels and bio-fertilizers regarding yield, yield components and seed oil and protein content. The highest amount of yield obtained from applying 200 kg ha with Azotobacter. Also, the highest seed oil and protein content was obtained by 1
Yield and N assimilation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L., var. Norstar) inoculated with rhizobacteria
Summary The effects of bacterial inoculants on the growth of winter wheat were studied in a growth chamber. Azospirillum brasilense, Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus polymyxa, Enterobacter cloacae , or a mixture of the four rhizobacteria were the inoculants tested. Inoculation effects on yield, yield components, and N-derived from fertilizer (Ndff) were assessed. The response of plants inoculated with individual bacteria was inconsistent and varied with treatment. At the first harvest (58 days after planting-DAP) plants inoculated with the mixture exhibited increases in plant dry weight, total-N and Ndff. At the second harvest (105 DAP), plants inoculated with A. brasilense and the mixture exhibited increases in shoot biomass, whereas at maturity (170 DAP), the inoculated plants showed no differences in total-N or shoot dry matter yield, as compared to the uninoculated controls. Inoculation with A. brasilense , however, increased the Ndff in the shoots, and B. polymyxa tended to enhance grain yield. Practical use of these rhizobacteria as inoculants for winter wheat may have limited value until such time as we better understand factors which influence rhizosphere competence of bacterial inoculants.