High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of d-/l-epinephrine enantiomer ratio in lidocaine-epinephrine local anesthetics.
A procedure for the determination of the ratio of d- to l-epinephrine in lidocaine-epinephrine local anesthetics is described. Epinephrine was isolated via Sep-Pak cartridges and derivatized with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl isothiocyanate; the d- and l-chiral derivatives were separated and measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. About 70 samples of various dosage forms and concentrations from four manufacturers were successfully analyzed by the method.
Reversed-phase liquid chromatographic resolution of amino acid enantiomers by derivatization with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl isothiocyanate
Abstract A novel method for reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic resolution of amino acid enantiomers by the formation of diastereomers using a new chiral reagent, 2,3,46-tetra-O-acetyl-β- d -glucopyranosyl isothiocyanate (GITC), is described. GITC reacts readily with enantiomeric amino acids at room temperature and the reaction mixture can directly be injected into the chromatograph. The derivatives were detected spectrophotometrically at 250 nm. Complete resolutions were observed for all enantiomers examined o a reversed-phase column eluted with aqueous methanol.
Annual review article: Is it time to rethink the gender agenda in entrepreneurship research?
This article develops a critique of contemporary approaches to analysing the impact of gender upon entrepreneurial propensity and activity. Since the 1990s, increasing attention has been afforded to the influence of gender on women’s entrepreneurial behaviour; such analyses have highlighted an embedded masculinity within the entrepreneurial discourse which privileges men as normative entrepreneurial actors. While invaluable in revealing a prevailing masculine bias within entrepreneurship, this critique is bounded by positioning women as a proxy for the gendered subject. This is a potentially limiting analysis that does not fully recognise gender as a human property with myriad articulations enacted throughout entrepreneurial activity. To progress debate, we engage more deeply with the notion of gender as a multiplicity, exploring the implications of such for future studies of entrepreneurial activity.