Investigation of tribological and mechanical properties of Nb-Al-N coatings before and after annealing
Coatings Nb-Al-N were deposited on a silicon substrate under argon and nitrogen by magnetron sputtering at a substrate temperature of 350 °C and a constant current of 250 mA at the aluminum cathode. The analysis of the dependence chemical composition, morphology, structure and mechanical properties of the annealing temperature were performed for different series of coatings. Coatings demonstrated high thermal stability after annealing to 1000 °C.
A review of high-dose implantation and production of ion mixed structures
Abstract This paper demonstrates the results of investigations on operation regimes of vacuum-arc sources, affecting the element composition and properties of implantation and deposited ion-mixed structures. Operation of an ion-electron plasma and sources with combined film deposition and ion bombardment is described. The results on high-dose implantation are presented. We also report the results on changing mechanical properties and structures of metals and alloys. We shall briefly mention sources of high-power ion beams of nanosecond duration and their application in improving the mechanical properties of surface layers of metals and alloys.
Die wisselwerking tussen ekonomiese en konstitusionele hervormings in Suid‐Afrika
Abstract This article deals with the interplay between economic and constitutional reforms in South Africa. Historical and contemporary forces which obtain in these spheres are taken into consideration after which a number of conclusions are drawn.