Development of a Novel Hybrid-Type Rotary Steerable System for Directional Drilling
Unlike conventional resources, unconventional resources, such as shale gas and coal bed methane, are situated horizontally under geological formations. To exploit these resources, directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing technologies are required. In directional drilling, the dog leg severity (DLS), which indicates how much the angle changes while drilling 100 ft, is a major issue with respect to the cost and time of drilling. In this paper, we briefly review different types of directional drilling methods and propose a new hybrid-type rotary steerable system (RSS). DLS calculations based on three-point geometry for these systems are suggested. This hybrid RSS combining two conventional types of RSSs: point-the-bit and push-the-bit systems, achieves better steerability. The hybrid mechanism is implemented using hybrid pads with hydraulic cylinders and a spherical joint. The advantages of the proposed system are demonstrated by performing small-scale prototype and cement block drilling tests.
Concept Design of a Novel Bio-Inspired Drilling System for Shallow Drilling
As the exhaustion of resources used as existing energy such as petroleum and coal are approaching, interest in planning and research for finding new energy sources is on the rise. In addition, the use of existing energy sources is one of the main causes of environmental destruction. Energy demand is steadily increasing, and it is urgently needed to find alternative energy sources due to exhaustion and limitation of existing energy sources. The use of drilling technology is inevitable for exploring these new energy sources. However, existing drilling equipment and technologies have limitations due to the colossal size and complicated processes, and also cause environmental damage resulting from drilling wide area. Therefore, in this paper, to overcome these limitations, the mechanism of a compact excavating robot that mimics the anatomy and habit of digging animals is proposed. The proposed bio-inspired mechanism simulates the excavating and debris removing process of a ground-digging mole using its teeth and forelimbs. Finally, the stress generated by the module during excavation is analyzed and the design durability is verified through the simulation.
Yeats, Eliot, Pound and the Politics of Poetry: Richest to the Richest
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