Comunicação política e decisão de voto: o que as pesquisas revelam
The article promotes a dialog among researchers which conducted theoretical and empirical studies on electoral behavior in Brazil, focusing on the influence of media content, political advertising and social interactions on individual vote decision. The analyses inform that voter decision is influenced by media messages, advertising strategies of the candidates and parties, as well as several social interactions that occur over the course of the political campaign. Some researchers recognize there is a need to develop new analytical models to demonstrate the communication effects on the voter decision, including online communication.
A eleição presidencial de 2002: uma análise preliminar do processo e dos resultados eleitorais
O presente trabalho analisa as eleicoes presidenciais brasileiras de 2002: o contexto em que elas ocorreram e os aspectos centrais das campanhas politico-partidarias previas. Com base em relatorios de surveys nacionais e de um survey academica realizada na regiao metropolitana de Sao Paulo, analisam-se as influencias de variaveis demograficas, socio-economicas e atitudinais sobre a decisao de voto do eleitor, bem como suas motivacoes declaradas para o voto. Entre as variaveis que mais parecem ter influenciado a decisao de voto, estao os "sentimentos partidarios" dos eleitores, sua avaliacao de desempenho do governo entao em exercicio e de atributos pessoais dos candidatos, especialmente a competencia administrativa. A vitoria de Lula e interpretada como fruto mais de um descontentamento com o governo de Fernando Henrique Cardoso que propriamente de uma guinada duradoura do eleitorado brasileiro em direcao a esquerda. Abstract The present article analyzes the 2002 Brazilian presidential elections: the context in which they took place and central aspects of the political party campaigning that preceded them. The data come from national level survey reports as well as from an academic survey carried out in the Greater Sao Paulo. The influence of demographic, socio-economic and attitudinal variables on voters' decisions, as well as their declared reasons for voting choices, are analyzed. Among those variables that seem to have exercised most influence on voting decision are voters' partisan sentiments, evaluation of the performance of incumbent politicians, and candidates' personal attributes, especially regarding administrative competence. Lula's victory is interpreted as more expressive of dissatisfaction with Fernando Henrique Cardoso's administration that as a lasting turn of the Brazilian electorate in a leftward direction. Resume Ce travail analyse les elections presidentielles bresiliennes de 2002 : le contexte dans lequel elles se sont deroulees et les aspects essentiels des campagnes politiques des partis. A partir des enquetes nationales et d'une enquete universitaire realisee dans la region de Sao Paulo, il a ete analyse l' influence des variables demographiques, socio-economiques et d'attitude sur la decision de l'electeur, ainsi que ses motivations a l'egard de son choix. Parmi les variables, celles qui nous semblent les plus importantes chez les electeurs sont «les sentiments concernant le parti», leur evaluation de la performance du gouvernement au pouvoir a ce moment-la et les attributs personnels des candidats, surtout leur competence administrative. La victoire de Lula est interpretee plutot comme le fruit d'un mecontentement vis-a-vis du gourvernement de Fernando Henrique Cardoso que d'un tournant du corps electoral bresilien vers la gauche.
Research requirements to reduce maintenance costs of civil helicopters
The maintenance problems faced by the operators of civil helicopters that result in high costs are documented. Existing technology that can be applied to reduce maintenance costs and research that should be carried out were identified. Good design practice and application of existing technology were described as having a significant impact on reducing maintenance costs immediately. The research and development that have potential for long range reduction of maintenance costs are presented.