Wide strip hot rolling mill runout roll table electric drive control system
The object for the research is the electric drive of the wide strip hot rolling mill runout roll table. The goal of the research is decreasing the operational loses spent on the roll table equipment. The means for reaching the goal are the developing of the roll table equipment diagnostic system and the improved algorithm for electric drive control system. In the article the description of the performed researches and the results of developed systems applying are present.
Advanced automation concept of runout table strip cooling for hot strip and plate mills
With their operational experience of the classical automation concept, SMS Demag AG have further developed theirs for the automation of cooling sections. An essential aspect is the use of the thermophysical process knowledge for setup calculation and for control during production. The cooling section is therefore regarded as a system through which unsteady energy flows. This system definition also allows the flexible use of the final control elements, since the temperature profile between the pyrometer of the finishing train and that of the coiler can be continuously calculated, i.e. observed during production and compared and controlled with a reference temperature profile. This has enormous advantages as the influence of process disturbances, e.g. by power speedup and speeddown, is effective simultaneously at each point within the cooling section. The advanced control concept combines proven model technology with new features that provide a high degree of flexibility concerning dynamically changing process parameters and transient conditions. In 1999 SMS Demag AG received two orders for runout-table cooling on the basis of the advanced automation concept.
The uprising of the marginalised: a socio-economic perspective of the Syrian uprising
More than three years after the outbreak of protests in a number of Arab countries, the role of socio-economic factors in these events is attracting more attention. One of the cases that needs more research is Syria. More than three years into the Syrian uprising, the socio-economic roots of the protest movement that became one of the bloodiest civil conflicts in the history of the Middle East need to be examined. While it has been observed that the Syrian uprising, contrary to some ‘Arab Spring’ countries, has been an uprising of more marginalised social groups with a strong role played by poorer segments in the society, particularly rural and rural-to-urban migrants, the socio-economic explanation for this is still underdeveloped. This paper aims at contributing to a better understanding of this issue by examining the political and socio-economic compromise that underlined the rule of the Ba’th party in Syria for four decades and unpacking how a combination of internal and external shifts that started in the 1990s and intensified in the 2000s led to the erosion of this compromise, providing the background to the events that began in 2011.