Optical loss stability of a fiber cable under lateral force and optimum design of the coated fiber structure.
Optical loss increase characteristics under lateral force were investigated to determine the load limit for coated fiber. Plastic deformation of the coating was analyzed, and the loss increase was found to occur in the large deformation region beyond a limit theoretically determined using structural dimensions (diameter and thickness) and the material constant of the coating. The optimum coating structure for preventing loss increase has been designed by introducing the result of the lateral deformation limit as well as fiber stress induced by the lateral force and fiber strain at low temperature. The nylon outer and silicone layer diameters are 0.9 and 0.4 mm, respectively.
Infrared optical loss increase in silica fibers due to hydrogen
Hydrogen-related optical loss increases in silica fibers in the infrared wavelength region are discussed. The loss increase phenomena mainly consist of two features: one originated from H 2 absorption loss and the other from OH absorption loss. The origin of these loss increases has been clarified in view of H 2 gas diffusion in fiber and OH bond formation by a chemical reaction via defects in glass network. Countermeasures to suppress the loss increase to a sufficiently low level have been established by preventing the use of P 2 O 5 dopant and by selecting the fiber coating material and the coating condition.
A Hopewellian Burial Site in the Lower Republican Valley, Kansas
The senior author has for a number of years worked on the problem of the numerous and virtually unknown burial sites on the bluffs bordering the valley of the Republican River in Geary and Clay Counties, Kansas. This work has been a matter of some urgency, owing to the prevalence of unsystematic amateur excavation on the more prominent stone cairns found in the area. Fortunately, the complete excavation of the larger cairns involves too much labor for the merely curious, and it has often been possible to salvage material and information despite disturbance.