Basalts Dredged from the Northeastern Pacific Ocean
Volcanic rocks dredged from seamounts, fault ridges, and other major geological features of the northeast Pacific Ocean include a wide variety of basalts. Most of these are vesicular, porphyritic types with near analogues in the Hawaiian and other oceanic islands. In addition, aluminous basalts and diabasic theoleiites impoverished in potassium also occur. There is no simple correlation of composition, degree of oxidation, vesiculation, or hydration of these basalts with texture, or depth of dredge site. Most samples appear to have been extruded at much shallower depths than those now pertaining at the dredge site. The distribution of these basalts suggests that the andesite line coincides with or lies on the continent side of the foot of the continental slope.
Dredged Basalt from Giacomini Seamount
DURING the cruise in July 1965 of the RV Acona of the University of Alaska Institute of Marine Science, two angular blocks of basalt (15×12×5 cm3 and 20×15×9 cm3) were dredged from the summit area of Giacomini Seamount (56° 24′ N, 146° 34′ W), at a depth of 790 m (Fig. 1). Several hundred igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary pebbles, cobbles and boulders were also recovered in the dredge haul; they showed a wide range of rounding and a very thin coating of manganese oxide, and were very similar to those recovered from the summit areas of Gilbert, Miller, Pratt and Ga-3 Seamounts in the Gulf of Alaska Seamount Province, as previously reported by Menard1 and others. Menard concluded that these gravels were ice-rafted glacial drift, an interpretation which is strongly supported by the presence of faceted and striated rocks among the Giacomini erratics.
Development of Science and Technology in the Iranian Electric Power Industry: Challenges and Future Progress
This chapter examines four key segments of the electric power industry in Iran: generation, transportation, distribution and consumption. It reviews the method, development, and evolution of electric power generation in the country. Specifically, the chapter reviews the structure of the electric industry, the main players, institutions, standards as well as laws, human resources, technology, the export and import markets, and engineering management of the industry in the country. Finally, the challenges facing the industry will be identified and policy suggestions to remedy the problems will be provided.