Experience with shipyard installation of a hybrid pipe welding system
Laser-Gas Metal Arc (GMA) hybrid welding is fast making the transition from laboratory to production, in industries as diverse as shipbuilding to automobile manufacture. For the past 3 years, our team has striven to both develop a hybrid welding process for steel pipe, and to specify, build, and install a hybrid pipe welding system in a General Dynamics NASSCO shipyard. In March 2007, the system was successfully installed into the shipyard. This work presents a summary of our continued experimental explorations into various practical aspects of hybrid welding, discusses the system design, and provides an overview of the installation of the system into the shipyard. Test results are presented, as well as lessons learned throughout the project.
Laser-GMA Hybrid Pipe Welding System
Abstract : The combination of laser welding with conventional gas metal arc welding technology offers substantial increases in production rate of joining pipe through single-pass joining compared to multi-pass techniques that are commonly used. The hybrid process has been examined and developed for this application, and the process has been qualified through the American Bureau of Shipping for a wide range of pipe schedules. A system to realize this application has been specified, designed, built, and implemented in General Dynamics NASSCO Shipyard, and been subjected to a seven month evaluation on the production floor. Lessons learned have been documented to benefit future efforts. Fifteen actual production pipe spools were manufactured using the system.
2000 Review conference of the parties to the treaty on the non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, final document
4. The Conference notes that the non-nuclearweapon States Parties to the Treaty reaffirmed their commitment not to receive the transfer from any transferor whatsoever of nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices or of control over such weapons or explosive devices directly, or indirectly, not to manufacture or otherwise acquire nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices, and not to seek or receive any assistance in the manufacture of nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices. 2000 REVIEW CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES TO THE TREATY ON THE NON-PROLIFERATION OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS FINAL DOCUMENT