NEIGHBORHOOD EMPOWERMENT AND URBAN MANAGEMENT IN THE 1980s
A variety of forms of neighborhood empowerment have continued to evolve during the 1970s and 1980s. At the most basic level, neighborhood organizations have shown the capability to articulate successfully community interests to both the private and public sectors. Furthermore, these organizations have also shown the capacity to administer neighborhood services and have begun to take on more comprehensive policy making functions. Recent experiences indicate that these efforts have enhanced neighborhood participation, improved the delivery of neighborhood services, and helped resolve conflicts. While the current urban fiscal crisis provides some political opportunities for extending these neighborhood efforts, neighborhood groups will have to avoid vigilantly the economic and political entrapments present in the current situation.
Measuring regional inmigration, outmigration, and natural increase over time☆
The purpose of this paper is to propose a methodology which could be used to convert census or survey data from a few points in time--together with vital records and other data--into time series estimates of regional inmigration outmigration and natural increase....A set of estimates for 1946-64 in Bogota Colombia is used to illustrate the methodology.... (EXCERPT)
REFORMA DO ESTADO E AS POLÍTICAS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR NO BRASIL NOS ANOS 90
This article aims at discussing the federal policies for higher education implemented in Brazil in the 1990s. It assumes that such policies are based on socio-political choices and interests linked to the changes occurring in the contemporary Brazilian scene, changes that have deep historical roots, which emerge in the process of reformation of the Brazilian State. This situation implies alterations in the field of public policies, and more particularly in that of social policies, since the on-going official proposals and projects are characterized by a decrease of the role of State. The borders between public and private affairs have become increasingly blurred in a process detrimental to the former. The contradictions in the federal policies for higher education are analyzed here, as well as their results as for the following fields: institutional diversification and differentiation; assessment criteria, broadening and privatization of this level of education.