BORDER CROSSINGS: US CONTRIBUTIONS TO SASKATCHEWAN EDUCATION, 1905-1937
OF DISSERTATION
Selected Borrowings: The American Impact upon the Prairie Co-operative Movement, 1920–39
Prairie protest has been a prominent part of Canadian life since Confedera- tion. Over the years it has gone through several stages,1 but beneath the changes has rested a remarkably consistent set of grievances. Indeed, listing the complaints has become something of a refrain for politicians, editorial writers, novelists and academics. High freight rates, excessive bank charges, railway discrimination, indifference in Ottawa, unfavorable tariffs, manipula- tion of natural resources—the list is well known to all students of Prairie regionalism. So too are the movements sparked by some or all of these grievances — the rebellions of 1870 and 1885, the agitation for provincial status, the radical labor movements, the agrarian unrest, the Progressive party, and the new parties of the 1930's.
Hapten inhibition of passive antidextran dextran anaphylaxis in guinea pigs. Role of molecular size in anaphylactogenicity and precipitability of dextran fractions.
High titred antidextran antisera have been raised in rabbits by prolonged immunization with soluble conjugates between isomaltose oligosaccharides or dextran mw 4,400 and bovine serum albumin in complete Freund’s adjuvant. Guinea pigs sensitized with such antisera exhibited anaphylactic shock on i.v. challenge with fractions of hydrolyzed B512 dextran. The severity of anaphylaxis depended on the amount of sensitizing antibody and the dose and molecular size of the challenging dextran fraction. In maximally sensitized animals, fractions of mw 3,600 or larger were anaphylactogenic and smaller molecular size fractions were nonanaphylactogenic. In submaximally sensitized animals, dextran fractions of mw 10,500 or less were foundnonanaphylactogenic. In addition, nonanaphylactogenic dextran fractions produced desensitization, i.e. protection from anaphylaxis due to subsequent or simultaneous injection of more high molecular and anaphylactogenic dextran fractions. When the molar ratio in a mixture of nonanaphylactogenic/anaphylactogenic fractions was about 7.6, protection was complete with reduction of mortality from 100 to 0%. A molar ratio of 1.9, corresponding to a 13-percent by weight admixture of nonanaphylactogenic dextran, still significantly reduced mortality from 100 to 50%. From the ability to form precipitates with antidextrans and to elicit anaphylaxis in sensitized guinea pigs, and from the absence of these properties, the approximate molecular size range of bivalent and monovalent dextran B512 fractions was found to correspond to mw 3,600 and mw 1,430, respectively. The practical applicability of hapten inhibition is discussed.