PYTHIA status report
Recent improvements in the PYTHIA event generator are summarized: new hard subprocesses, γ*γ* physics, QCD final-state showers, and more.
The Lund Model
Preface 1. Relativistic kinematics, electromagnetic fields and the method of virtual quanta 2. The harmonic oscillator and the quantum field 3. The vacuum as a dielectric medium and renormalisation 4. Deep inelastic scattering and the parton model 5. The classical motion of the massless relativistic string 6. The decay kinematics of the massless relativistic string 7. A stochastic process for string decay 8. The properties of the Lund model fragmentation formulae: external part formulas 9. The internal part fragmentation formulae and their relations to the unitarity equations of Regge theory 10. The dynamical analogues of the Lund model fragmentation formulae 11. Flavour and transverse momentum generation, and the vector to pseudoscalar meson ratio 12. Heavy quark fragmentation and Baryon production 13. The Hanbury-Brown-Twiss-effect and polarisation in the Lund model 14. The Lund gluon model, the kinematics and the decay properties 15. Gluon emission via the Bremsstrahlung process 16. Multigluon emission, the dipole moment and parton coherence cascade models 17. The lambda measure in the leading log, and the modified lead log approximation of perturbative QCD 18. The parton model and QCD 19. Inelastic lepto-production in the Lund model, the soft radiation model and heretical structure functions 20. Hadronic interaction models References Index.
Modelling environmental impacts of marine finfish aquaculture
Summary Our understanding of the interactions between fish farms and the environment has reached the stage where it is reasonable to expect that quantitative estimates of the possible environmental consequences of aquaculture development can be provided for regulatory and mitigation purposes. This paper summarizes recent developments in this area and provides several case histories of areas where theoretical analyses appear to have direct practical relevance. Fish wastes