Some barriers to the use of materials recovered from municipal solid waste
Abstract Municipal solid waste (MSW) contains materials which could be put to good use, yet it continues to be discarded, which suggests that it contains little or nothing of value under current conditions. This paper discusses the technical reasons for the lack of commercial interest in recovering materials from MSW. After examining the nature of the salvage industry and trends in the use of materials, the paper considers the characteristics of secondary materials, the properties required of them, and the scope for increased salvage activity. The market prospects are described for waste paper, ferrous and non- ferrous scrap, glass and polymers.
Some criteria for the successful commercial recycling of heterogeneous plastics waste
Abstract Five means of disposal of plastics waste are considered — biodegradation, pyrolysis, incineration, sanitary landfill and recycling. Recycling is the only one permitting conservation of raw material and at the same time giving an opportunity for commercial profit. Six criteria for successful recycling of mixed plastics waste are presented: efficient homogenization; conservation of energy by adiabatic operation; one-step conversion of waste to finished product; consistency of feedstock; maximization of plant utilisation; selection of finished product from the standpoint of marketability.
Prediction of Muscular Endurance (Work Performance) From Individual Differences in Initial and Post Training Increments in Static Strength
Forty college men were given tests for static strength and strength endurance prior to an isotonic strength training program. Experimental results indicate that individual differences in static strength are a poor criterion in the prediction of muscular endurance. Following an increase in static strength resulting from isotonic strength training pre-training static strength and post-training strength increments are not indicative of an individual's performance in a hand grip endurance activity.