Destruction of the resins structure due to heating
This article considers a polymer composition based on acetone-formaldehyde (AFR) resin, which is used to reduce water influx into the well bore during the repair insulation work. Pumping into the well bore a composition, based on AFR resin, results in self-heating that causes destruction of its own structure and, therefore, the damage of the polymer blend structure. The purpose of the present article is to find the causes of AFR resin self-heating when injected into the well bore as part of the composite mixture that leads to the destruction of its structure. Author considers exothermic reaction between AFR resin and aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide during the curing of the polymer composition. The features of the given polymer structure are studied as well. The need for further studies of the resin structure is substantiated. Based on the study conducted, five possible reasons of the AFR resin self-heating, leading to destruction of resin structure, are revealed. Recommended practices that may decrease self-heating of the AFR resin are offered.
Area of Reservoir Heating during Steam Cyclic Treatment of Oil Wells
To develop difficult-to-recover high-viscosity oils, thermal well treatment methods are applied ensuring the reduction of oil viscosity and the increase of oil recovery, thus decreasing the time of development. Among such methods is steam cyclic well treatment. Steam cyclic method of treatment involves three consecutive stages forming a cycle that can be repeated many times: steam injection stage, steam treatment stage, and oil production stage. The displacement of fluid from reservoir by steam occurs in three stages. The first stage is the formation of the area of the so-called “steam plateau”, which is the region of saturated vapor and water filtration at saturation temperature and reservoir pressure. In this case, the condensation of steam with the heat release takes place, which is sent to reservoir, increasing the temperature in it. The second stage is the displacement of the liquid from reservoir by hot water formed as a result of steam condensation. In the third stage of heat treatment, a stationary temperature field in the reservoir is formed. The whole process of steam cycling is affected by several factors, while the area of reservoir heating is difficult to determine. The integral method proposed in this paper makes it possible to make a preliminary assessment of the heating area of oil reservoir.
Synthesis and characterization of crosslinked polydiacetylene and its two‐component interpenetrating polymer networks
The synthesis of crosslinked polydiacetylenes and its two-component interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) was carried out utilizing its polar and flexible substituent groups. Polydiacetylenes were crosslinked by the formation of allophanate linkages utilizing urethane groups in the substituent groups of the polydiacetylenes. Elemental analysis, DSC, TMA, solvent resistance, and IR spectra are presented as evidence for the formation of crosslinked polydiacetylenes. IPNs of polydiacetylenes and an epoxy resin (diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A) were synthesized by using simultaneous and sequential methods of synthesis. A study of phase morphology of the simultaneous and sequential IPNs was carried out using electron microscopy, TMA, and DSC.