Derivatives of p-aminobenzoic acid and their action on the growth of bacteria
SummaryVarious derivatives of P.A.B. obtained by introduction of substituents in the benzene-nucleus have been examined for their action on the growth ofAerobacter aerogenes in a simple synthetic medium and ofDiplococcus pneumoniae in ascites-broth without peptone.The following results have been obtained:1.The 2-amino, 3-amino, 3-chloro, 3-bromo, 2-methyl, 3-methyl, and 2.3-dimethyl derivatives of P.A.B., and also 2-sulfanilamido-4-aminobenzoic acid have sulfonamide activity.2.The 2-hydroxy, 2-fluoro, and 2-nitro derivatives have an antisulfonamide activity similar to the activity of P.A.B., although weaker.3.The 3-hydroxy, 2-chloro, and 2-bromo derivatives show sulfonamide-activity in relatively high concentrations. In lower concentrations they act as anti-sulfonamides.4.The 3-nitro, 2.6-dimethyl, and 3.5-dimethyl derivatives, and methyl 2-acetamino-4-amino-benzoate are completely inactive. These results have been compared with those of other investigators and the causes of some contradictions have been elucidated.
Antibacterial activity of substances related to p-aminobenzoic acid.
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The development of sulfanilamidopyridine-resistant strains of pneumococci in vivo
Summary1)In mice the pneumococcus strain America type I may become resistant against sufanilamidopyridine within a few days, in spite of the fact that this strain originally is highly sensitive to this drug.2)The young resistant strain is at first less virulent than the sensitive strain, but after several mouse-passages it can easily regain its full virulence.3)It is possible to make the strain wholly resistant against sulfanilamidopyridine.4)The young resistant strain may cause a protracted bacteraemia in mice when the latter are treated with the drug. Later on this phenomenon for the greater part disappears.5)In clinical practice it is of great importance to count with the development of drug-resistance, and it will be wise to treat serious pneumococcal infections immediately with substantial doses of sulfanilamidopyridine, probably better still in combination with an anti-serum.