Feasibility of recovering metals from associated slags
The associated mineral ore accompanying Valuable Metal Compounds (VMC) have been usually treated in a smelting furnace ,such as Blast Furnace, Reverberatory, Blowing Furnace, hence the VMC were mostly concentrated into the molten associated slags and separated from liquid metals. So the associated slags become an important man-made resources (Table I), in which the VMC exist dispersively in various mineral phases with fine grain size1–4. Due to complex mineralogy and very fine mineral dissemination of the associated slags, it is difficult to recovery the VMC from the slags by metallurgical or mineral process conventionally . Based on several case studies in laboratory and practices in pilot plant on the associated slags , there occur a feasibility to recovery the VMC from the slags by a new process-Selective Precipitation Technique (SPT) on which three continuous steps are involved (in Figure 1).
Beneficiation of fluxed titaniferous slag to a marketable titania product using the modified upgraded slag process
ABSTRACT Smelting production of a limestone-fluxed titaniferous slag with low MgO content for subsequent beneficiation using the modified Upgraded Slag (UGS) process was investigated, with the aim of producing a marketable titania product. Smelting of titaniferous magnetite (titanomagnetite) with a carbon reductant and limestone flux was conducted in a water-cooled copper crucible in an iron-suscepting induction furnace under argon. The resulting titaniferous slag contained high residual iron (from the susceptor and incomplete iron reduction in the titanomagnetite), which caused crystallization of an ulvospinel. The slag was beneficiated using the modified UGS process, an industrial roast–leach process used for beneficiation of low-titania slag to a feedstock suitable for production of titania pigment. The upgraded product contained 90.5 mass% TiO2, with a recovery of 83%. Although the TiO2 grade met the feedstock specification for pigment production via the chloride route, SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, and Cr2O3 concentrations exceeded the specification and the particle size distribution was too fine.
Characterization of Aqueous Dispersions and Gels Made of Sodium Caseinate and Basil Seed Gum: Phase Behavior, Rheology, and Microstructure
The interactions between sodium caseinate (NaCas) and basil seed gum (BSG) in the presence of calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) were investigated. The phase behavior of the mixed aqueous dispersions and their gels revealed a homogeneous mixture, obtained at the higher concentrations of both CaCl 2 and BSG. The Herschel-Bulkley model sufficiently fitted the flow behavior of the mixture solution data. Apparent viscosity increased significantly ( p  < 0.05) by increasing the concentration of BSG, where the addition of CaCl 2 had no significant effect on the viscosity of the samples ( p  > 0.05). Furthermore, there was an increase in thixotropy due to the higher concentrations of BSG and CaCl 2 . Based on the frequency sweep test, at the low frequencies, a more gel-like behavior was observed in the case of the higher concentrations of either BSG or CaCl 2 . The rheological and SEM data suggested that the stronger structure of NaCas-BSG gel in the presence of the higher concentrations of CaCl 2 was related to the induction of complex formation between the two biopolymers.