He II heat exchanger test unit for the LHC inner triplet
The Inner Triplet Heat Exchanger Test Unit (IT-HXTU) is a 30-m long thermal model designed at Fermilab, built in US industry, fully automated and tested at CERN as part of the US LHC program to develop the LHC Interaction Region quadrupole system. The cooling scheme of the IT-HXTU is based on heat exchange between stagnant pressurized He II in the magnet cold mass and saturated He II (two-phase) flowing in a heat exchanger located outside of and parallel to the cold mass. The purposes of this test are, among others, to validate the proposed cooling scheme and to define an optimal control strategy to be implemented in the future LHC accelerator. This paper discusses the results for the heat exchanger test runs and emphasizes the thermal and hydraulic behavior of He II for the inner triplet cooling scheme.
Practical data on steady state heat transport in superfluid helium at atmospheric pressure
Abstract Experimental results covering a technically interesting range of temperatures (1.4 K ⩽ T ⩽ T λ ) and channel dimensions (L ⩽ 100 cm, 0.2 ⩽ id ⩽ 5 mm) have been complied into a collection of practical data on steady state heat transport in superfluid helium at atmospheric pressure. The data, given in the form of diagrams, allow all the problems of linear steady state heat transport in superfluid helium at atmospheric pressure to be solved directly.
Investigations of dielectric gratings using electrodynamic models based on volume integral equations
Eigenmodes of planar and cylindrical dielectric gratings (DGs) and electromagnetic wave scattering from multiplayer DGs are investigated. The DG characteristics are calculated using numerical-analytical solution of integral equations (IEs).