Development of an electrolysis system for tritium enrichment in superficial water samples.
Tritium present in the environment gradually decreased in the last decades and nowadays it has reached extremely low activity concentrations. The purpose of the present work is the implementation of a tritium enrichment system in water samples using electrolytic techniques and pure nickel and iron electrodes. In the present work a mean tritium enrichment factor of 13.0 +/- 3.2 was obtained. This result should allow to reach a minimum detectable activity of tritium in water samples of about 1 tritium unit (TU) or less. The present enrichment system necessitates further adjustments and improvements, such as a cooling system in order to reduce the tritium losses due to evaporation.
Optimization of Cocktail AquaLight LLT Volume for Estimation of 14C Activity in Aqueous Sample using LSC Hidex 300 SL
Optimization of the comparison between the AquaLight LLT cocktail and aqueous samples had been carried out. AquaLight LLT cocktail was mixed with an aqueous sample. The variation ratio between the aquaLight cocktail and the sample were 19: 1; 18: 2; 17: 3; 16: 4; 15: 5; 14: 6; 13: 7; 12: 8; 11: 9; 10:10; 9:11; 8:12; and 7:13. Then, each mixture was analyzed by LSC Hidex 300 SL. Optimization is seen by comparing the highest efficiency which is stated by the TDCR value. The results indicate that the best ratio between AquaLight cocktail and an aqueous sample was 12: 8. The CPM, DPM, and TDCR values from a mixture of 12 mL cocktail and 8 mL sample were 306,400 ± 3,578; 418,000 ± 7,348; and 0.733 ± 0.013.
Study of External Parasites Infesting Carcharhinus Melanopterus Fish From The Red Sea In Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Parasitic diseases are harmful and limiting factors in breeding and rearing ornamental fish industry, such as the Monogenea ( Dactylogyrus sp and Erpocotyletiburonis ) and copepod ( Pandarus sinuatus  and Anchistrotostangi ). The copepod and the monogenean are gill parasites found on the shark; CarcharhinusMelanopterus . The primary purpose of this study was to determine the parasitic infections of sharks in red sea in Jeddah. For this purpose, 19 female C. Melanopterus and 14 male C. Melanopterus were first examined for ectoparasites using wet mount under a light microscope. All male sharks had Monogenea and/or copepod in their gill and only 3 females haven’t infections. Then, we aimed to find a combination of copepod and monogenea infection in C. Melanopterus gills. 50% of male and 42% of female were infected by copepod and monogenea. Our findings revealed that the protozoan infections are very common among sharks. Although, no gross pathology was observed among infected shark, but it is likely that in case of any changes in the environment, then parasitic infections could be harmful.