Plot acquisition for self-build housing
Abstract The process of plot acquisition, development and construction of house is very complex in the private unserviced land market due to lack of information, high dependence on land brokers and inadequate institutional arrangements for land development and plot sales. The case of Bhubaneswar City in Eastern India is used to highlight the issues connected with plot acquisition and house building and to explain the factors required to be strengthened in the overall context of planned development. Specifically the pattern of ownership, process of land subdivision, transaction, transfer, development and final use for house construction are looked at. The study suggests curbing land prices, and intensifying infrastructure and service facilities, and indicates the need for the revision of the existing planning regulations to streamline the control mechanism.
The Value Of Formal Land Titles In Market Transactions: Evidence From Kinondoni Municipality Tanzania
Under property informality, perceptions on transaction failure risks at purchase can diversify the spectrum of possible prices depending on anticipated occupation strategies subsequent to purchase. Based on survey data on 1246 land purchasers from Kinondoni municipality, Dar es Salaam Tanzania, binomial logistic regression models were implemented to predict pre-purchase perceived transaction failure risks and mixed effect models were utilised to examine the effect of the predicted risks on (2010 constant) price of 400m2 plots. The results suggest that risk averse households pay on average around Tanzanian Shillings (Tshs) 10,000/=more if they intend to effectively occupy their newly acquired plots than they would pay for similar but ineffectively occupied plots simply because of a relatively lower perceived transaction failure risk associated with the former. This observation suggests that risk- price premium in land transaction is dependent on the anticipated occupation strategy subsequent to purchase. On average “frequent visitation” after purchase induces a higher risk-price premium over formal purchases. A Legal title to a “vacant plots” has a relatively smaller risk-price premium of around Tshs. 5,000/= over “effective occupation” for the same but a relatively higher risk-price discount is associated with “frequently visited” plots among risk lovers. These risk-price premia yields translates to an average of around Tshs. 16,000/= for each 400m2 plot purchase.These marginal risk-price premia suggest that informal and formally titled plots sale on average, at around the same price regardless of whether the purchaser is risk averse or otherwise. In terms of policy, titling of vacant land has limited transaction risk-reduction effect, purchasers might be indifferent between formal and informal purchase of vacant land.
Did the metamorphosis from Export Processing Zones to Special Economic Zones improve the efficiency of trade enclaves in India?
In this paper, the efficiency of seven conventional Special Economic Zones in India is analyzed, by adopting a stochastic production frontier technique, for the period between 1986–1987 and 2007–2008.Results indicate that although the efficiency scores of these enclaves have improved over the years, specifically with the introduction of the SEZ policy (2000–2001), it is far below the threshold level as identified in the literature. Besides, one can also observe a discrepancy emerging between better export earning zones and efficient zones. On the determinants side, policy intervention and large geographical area, accompanied by clustering of units, are found to have impacted the efficiency scores of these enclaves positively.