A literature review on welding certificate for robotized welding
The higher production of more and more complex products challenges the accurately for manual welding, and increase the time it takes to programme automatic welding systems. The main objective for the article is to see if current regulations and standards are able to accommodate the shift from automatic weld to autonomous welding systems. To do this, the most current and applicable standards have been analysed. Where there is a need for human input I have tried to find research in new systems that is able to assist computer systems in obtaining that information. The findings are that most of the current standards have room to accommodate autonomous systems, given that the correct safety precautions are taken.
Certification manual for welding inspectors
Certification manual for welding inspectors , Certification manual for welding inspectors , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Material Identification Using Laser Spectroscopy and Pattern Recognition Algorithms
We report on pattern recognition algorithms in discriminant analysis, which were used on Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) spectra (intensity of signal against wavelength) for metal identification and sorting purposes. In instances where accurate elemental concentrations are not needed, discriminant analysis can be applied, to compare and match spectra of "unknown" samples to library spectra of calibration samples. This type of "qualitative" pattern recognition analysis has been used here for material identification and sorting. Materials of different matrix materials (e.g. Al, Cu, Pb, Zn, vitrification glass, steels, etc.) could be identified with 100% certainty, using Principle Component Analysis and the Mahalanobis Distance algorithms. The limits within which the Mahalanobis Distance indicate a match status of Yes, Possible or No were investigated. The factors, which dictate these limits in LIBS analysis, were identified - (i) spectrum reproducibility and (ii) the sample-to-sample homogeneity. If correctly applied the combination of pattern recognition algorithms and LIBS provide a useful tool for remote and in-situ material identification problems, which are of a more "identify-and-sort" nature (for example those in the nuclear industry).