Gray scale echography with simultaneous a mode presentation a new apparatus for high resolution ultrasonograms
A diagnostic ultrasonic system has been developed for simultaneous display of quantitative A mode and gray scale B mode presentations. An independent calibrator and preset amplification levels allow the apparatus to be calibrated for precise, repeatable examinations. A wide range of echo amplitude information is available to the clinician by the use of selective logarithmic signal compression. Distance measurements in the eye and the orbit are made to 0.1 mm precision and are displayed numerically on the control panel. The newer signal processing techniques provide high‐resolution imaging of ophthalmic structures over a wide system bandwidth. Sensitivity has been improved to image structures heretofore not observable with ultrasonic instruments. This technique is the basis for recently initiated clinical studies.
Clinical spectra‐color ultrasonography
Results of preliminary clinical trials of spectra‐color ultrasonography are presented. The instrumentation is calibrated so that normal ocular tissues produce a near‐white display. Scans of eyes with various diseases differ from the scans of normal eyes, indicating a variation in frequency responses.
The unfolded universe of elementary particles. A geometric explanation of the standard model structure
We propose a geometric explanation of the standard model of Glashow, Weinberg and Salam for the known elementary particles. Our model is a generic Quantum Field Theory in dimension four, obtained by developing along a Lorentz sub-manifold the lagrangian of Einstein and Dirac in dimension twelve. The main mechanism which gives birth to the standard model is a certain gauge fixing of triality, which permits to identify the multiplicity of fermions, as seen from the four dimensional world, with the eight unseen dimensions of the generating universe. In this way we get the known tables of particles, explaining the series of fermions and the gauge bosons. We suggest that the Higgs field dynamics could appear through a bosonization of the right handed neutrino and correspond to a displacement in the unseen dimensions. We also propose hypotheses for dark matter, and perhaps dark energy. Then we suggest predictions to go beyond the standard model.