Core ionization of nitrosobenzene-dimer compounds: phenazon-di-N-oxide
Abstract The C 1s, N 1s and O 1s XPS spectra of soli d phenazon-di-N-oxide (PADNO) are presented in order to further elucidate the effects of intermolecular interactions in molecular solids on the dynamics of the core-ionization process. PADNO can be considered a model compound for an intramolecular cis nitrosobenzene dimer. The observed strong N 1s and O 1s shake-up intensity attenuations in going from the nitrosobenzene monomer to PADNO are discussed in detail based on the results of CNDO/S CI equivalent core calculations. The theoretical core-hole spectral functions are in excellent agreement with experiment. It is shown that the calculated shake-up intensities are strongly on electron correlation.
Use of the CNDO Method in Spectroscopy. III. Monosubstituted Benzenes and Pyridines
The modified CNDO method previously reported has been applied to the calculation of a series of monosubstituted benzenes and pyridines, namely, aniline, anilinium ion, benzonitrile, nitrosobenzene, phenol, phenoxide ion, toluene, pyridinium ion, pyridine‐N‐oxide, 1‐hydroxy‐pyridinium ion, the aminopyridines, and the cyanopyridines. The calculated values of the transition energies and corresponding oscillator strengths are in good agreement with available experimental data on the electronic spectra of these compounds. An analysis of the lower‐energy excited states by means of the calculated results suggests that there is an astonishingly small amount of charge‐transfer character associated with the observed ultraviolet bands. The calculations indicate that the changes in charge densities in going from the ground state to the lowest energy π → π* excited state can be related to the Hammett σ's for the substituents.
Denitrification of PVA-immobilized denitrifying photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodobacter sphaeroides
Abstract A newly isolated denitrifying strain, Rhodobacter sphaeroides NII2 was immobilized in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel, and the properties of the cells in the gel were examined. The immobilized cells had low or almost no denitrification activity, but the cells were activated by incubation in light with culture medium for denitrification containing 0.5% nitrate and no other nitrogen source. Cells grown in the dark were activated by incubation at an earlier stage and to a higher rate than the light-grown cells. The activation was markedly enhanced in the PVA gel with a low cell concentration. The immobilized cells consumed nitrate with a temporary accumulation of NO 2 and evolved nitrogen gas. The immobilized cells could use various organic compounds as electron donors for denitrification. Thus, the immobilized cells were applied to a continuous treatment of synthetic wastewater using an aparatus devised by this laboratory. The results showed an efficient removal of NO 3 -N from the test water.