Effects of HfB2 and HfN Additions on the Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of TiB2-Based Ceramic Tool Materials
The effects of HfB2 and HfN additions on the microstructures and mechanical properties of TiB2-based ceramic tool materials were investigated. The results showed that the HfB2 additive not only can inhibit the TiB2 grain growth but can also change the morphology of some TiB2 grains from bigger polygons to smaller polygons or longer ovals that are advantageous for forming a relatively fine microstructure, and that the HfN additive had a tendency toward agglomeration. The improvement of flexural strength and Vickers hardness of the TiB2-HfB2 ceramics was due to the relatively fine microstructure; the decrease of fracture toughness was ascribed to the formation of a weaker grain boundary strength due to the brittle rim phase and the poor wettability between HfB2 and Ni. The decrease of the flexural strength and Vickers hardness of the TiB2-HfN ceramics was due to the increase of defects such as TiB2 coarse grains and HfN agglomeration; the enhancement of fracture toughness was mainly attributed to the decrease of the pore number and the increase of the rim phase and TiB2 coarse grains. The toughening mechanisms of TiB2-HfB2 ceramics mainly included crack bridging and transgranular fracture, while the toughening mechanisms of TiB2-HfN ceramics mainly included crack deflection, crack bridging, transgranular fracture, and the core-rim structure.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TiC0.7N0.3-HfC-WC-Ni-Mo Cermet Tool Materials
TiC0.7N0.3-HfC-WC-Ni-Mo cermet tool materials were fabricated by hot pressing technology at 1450 °C. The effects of WC (tungsten carbide) content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of TiC0.7N0.3-HfC-WC-Ni-Mo cermet tool materials were investigated. The results showed that the TiC0.7N0.3-HfC-WC-Ni-Mo cermets were mainly composed of TiC0.7N0.3, Ni, and (Ti, Hf, W, Mo)(C, N); there were three phases: a dark phase, a gray phase, and a light gray phase. The dark phase was the undissolved TiC0.7N0.3, the gray phase was the solid solution (Ti, Hf, W, Mo)(C, N) poor in Hf, W, and Mo, and the light gray phase was the solid solution (Ti, Hf, W, Mo)(C, N) rich in Hf, W, and Mo. The increase of WC content could promote the process of HfC to form a solid solution and the HfC formed a solid solution more easily with WC than with TiCN. The increase of the solid solution made the microstructure more uniform and the mechanical properties better. In addition, the Vickers hardness, flexural strength, and fracture toughness of the TiC0.7N0.3-HfC-WC-Ni-Mo cermet increased with the increase of WC content. When the content of WC was 32 wt %, the cermet obtained the optimal comprehensive mechanical properties in this investigation. The toughening mechanism of TiC0.7N0.3-HfC-WC-Ni-Mo cermet tool materials included solid solution toughening, particle dispersion toughening, crack bridging, and crack deflection.
TiN‐TiB2 Composites Prepared by Reactive Hot Pressing and Effects of Ni Addition
Using TiH2 and BN as raw materials, the reaction process of TiH2 and BN in the temperature range 1000°-1600°C was studied. Then TiN-TiB2 composites were prepared by reactive hot pressing. The effects of Ni addition on the sinterability and the mechanical properties of the composites were discussed. A composite containing 1 wt% Ni exhibited a bending strength of 614 MPa, fracture toughness of 6.20 MPa·m1/2, and Vickers hardness of 20.5 GPa.