A Technique for Evaluating Dental Adhesives
A method is proposed for evaluating the strength of an adhesive joint. It is basically a fracture mechanics approach which recognizes that the strength of a joint depends on adhesive thickness, elastic properties of adhesive and teeth, joint geometry, sizes of flaws, and other factors. The "blister" technique is proposed as a useful means of quantitatively determining the quality of an adhesive joint.
The Relation of Continuum Mechanics to Adhesive Fracture
Abstract From the standpoint of continuum mechanics, there is an essential similarity between cohesive and adhesive failure. Continuum mechanics can, therefore, be used to analyze adhesive fracture including certain cases of interfacial debonding, by applying an extension of the Griffith energy balance concept. Present researches permit a consideration of the influence of material behavior such as viscoelasticity and geometric parameters such as interlayer bond thickness. These advances and quantitative predictions of failure are reviewed with special reference to the characteristic adhesive fracture energy, new or applicable test methods, and its connection with the association between macro- and micro-constitution of the media. Various testing methods for determination of the adhesive fracture energy are discussed. A pressurized bubble or blister at the interface is shown to have certain advantages. Experimental results from various materials using this test will be presented as confirmation of the model.
Music and Ethical Responsibility
Introduction 1. Meaning and ethics in music 2. Experiencing music 3. Framing elements of musical experience 4. Improvisation and ethical responsibility 5. Musical improvisation as festival 6. Music, proximity, ethics 7. Ethical responsibility and other people's music Conclusion: ethical responsibility in musical experience.