ICMS ' 2000 The Physics of Boiling at Burnout
The basic elements of a new experimental approach for the investigation of burnout in pool boiling are presented. The approach consists of the combined use of ultrathin (nano-scale) heaters and high speed infrared imag|ng of the heater temperature pattern as a whole, in conjunction with highly detailed control and characterization of heater morphology at the nano and micron scales. It is shown that the burnout phenomenon can be resolved in both space and time. Ultrathin heaters capable of dissipating power levels, at steady-state, of over 1 MW/m 2 are demonstrated. A separation of scales is identified and it is used to transfer the focus of attention from the complexity of the two-phase mixing layer in the vicinity of the heater to a micron-scaled microlayer and nucleation and associated film-disruption processes within it.
A Theoretical Analysis of Heat Transfer in Natural Convection and in Boiling

 A theoretical analysis of natural convection and of boiling heat transfer is presented. Instead of approaching these problems according to a conventional concept, a short-cut method is introduced by the application of wave motion. Above the heating surface a boundary layer is assumed whose thickness depends upon the heat flow. Inside this layer there is wave motion, stable in the lower part but unstable in the upper. It has been recognized that, if there is a temperature gradient across a stratum of liquid, a wave motion will occur. Each loop of this wave can initiate vortexes in the natural-convection process and also can facilitate the formation of bubbles in boiling. A unified formula is thus obtained for convection and for boiling. The calculated results agree excellently with experiments as conducted by previous investigators. This paper does not profess to be a complete treatise, but shows how the concept of wave motion can be made of use in giving a new picture of these heat-transfer processes.
Creativity profile of university and conservatory dance students.
What are dance students' creative potential, Special personality characteristics and preferences for high energy activities? Using standardized and original paper and pencil instruments, comparisons were made among dance students in university and conservatory settings, college students and art students. The results demonstrated that dance students are creative, show strong preference for dynamic figures, and have distinct personality characteristics. The university dance students differed from the conservatory students in several important ways.