Mid-term load forecasting - application in oil facilities
Oil production is a strategic business, important investments in infrastructure are performed in order to assure the reliability, quality and safety of the associated electric power system. This issue requires making an accurate forecast of power demand in the medium and long term, to avoid over- or under-investments that would produce economic effects. Conventional methods of forecasting demand for industrial sectors do not consider the variables involved in the process of oil extraction. For that reason, the present article, proposes a comprehensive method to forecast the electric power demand for an oil field in the medium-term. The key drivers of the demand, are parameters related to oil production process, which are directly obtained through field measurements, e.g. oil, gas, and water production volumes. A multiple linear regression method is applicated to forecast the future electricity demand, and it is validated by comparing the results of applying a conventional regression model. Satisfactory results are obtained.
Petroleum production systems
1. The Role of Petroleum Production Engineering. 2. Production from Undersaturated Oil Reservoirs. 3. Production from Two-Phase Reservoirs. 4. Production from Natural Gas Reservoirs. 5. The Near-Wellbore Condition and Damage Characterization Skin Effects. 6. Gravel Pack Completions. 7. Wellbore Flow Performance. 8. Well Deliverability. 9. Forecast of Well Production. 10. Wellhead and Surface Gathering Systems. 11. Modern Well Test Analysis. 12. Well Test Design and Data Acquisition. 13. Production Logging Measurements and Analysis. 14. Well Diagnosis with Production Logging. 15. Pressure Transient Testing with Measured Sandface Flow Rates. 16. Gas Well Testing. 17. Matrix Simulation-Chemistry of Acid Rock Reactions. 18. Sandstone Acidizing Design. 19. Carbonate Acidizing Design. 20. Hydraulic Fracturing for Well Simulation. 21. Design of Hydraulic Fracture Treatments. 22. The Performance of Hydraulically-Fractured and Long-Flowing Wells. 23. Gas Lift. 24. Pump-Assisted Lift. 25. Petroleum System Analysis. 26. Environmental Issues in Petroleum Production. Appendix.
Evaluation of antioxidants by a rapid polarographic method
A simple, rapid, precise, and reproducible method and an adaptable apparatus for polarographic measurement of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity is described. This method measures antioxidant activity within a few min time as compared to the hours or days needed for several widely used methods. Peroxidation rates were measured for different lipids as a function of amount of lipid, and amount of biocatalyst. The method is applicable to the detection and measurement of the antioxidant effects exhibited by weak antioxidants and has been satisfactorily used for the measurement of the antioxidant activity of different concentrations of powerful antioxidants.