Investigations of some aspects of atmospheric pollution by anaesthetic gases. I: Diffusion of halothane across plastic and rubber tubes.
Plastic and rubber tubing, of the types used frequently to convey anaesthetic gases to and from the patient, or anaesthetic waste gases out of the operating theatre, were assessed for their capacity to allow diffusion of halothane through the tube wall. The magnitude of this effect has been calculated in relation to pollution of the operating theatre atmosphere under different circumstances.
Anaesthetic Apparatus Leakages: A Possible Pollution Source
To avoid the constant exposure of anaesthesia and surgery personnel to gaseous anaesthetics, it is thought that in the future the excess and expiration gas from the anaesthetic apparatus can be drawn off via a tube connection. Should the anaesthetic apparatus be completely tight this measure would probably be sufficient. If, however, the apparatus is not tight a certain volume of gas would escape through the leakages and thereby not lend itself to being drawn off.
Morphological characterization of Eustrongylides sp. larvae (Nematoda, Dioctophymatoidea) parasite of Rhinella marina (Amphibia: Bufonidae) from Eastern Amazonia.
Absctract Eustrongylides spp. nematodes have birds as final hosts and uses other vertebrates as intermediate/paratenic host (fish, amphibians and reptiles) and have zoonotic potential. In amphibians, the larvae may be located in the subcutaneous tissues, liver and mesentery, between the muscle fibres, especially in the lower limbs. Rhinella marina, which is widely observed in Brazil, has exhibited complex diversity in its helminth fauna, reflecting the unique habitat of the Amazon biome. For the first time, this study describes the morphological aspects of third-stage larvae of Eustrongylides sp. in Rhinella marina from Santa Cruz do Ararí, Marajó Archipelago, Eastern Amazonia, using light and scanning electron microscopy.