Morocco Experience in Islamic Finance between the Failure of the Past and the Promising Future
Opening of Islamic banks have been increasing considerably in recent years in many countries. Morocco is among these countries and will get the agreements to open in early 2016. This following work is done in the preparation phase of the launch and its importance lies in the fact that it comes after a first failure experienced in 2007 and that Morocco is among the last Muslim countries that will integrate this type of finance into their financial system. This article will focus on the first introduction by highlighting the various obstacles that were the reason for its failure, and will underline what the new banking law has done to overcome the problems encountered before. In the end, we will address two major issues, why the system failed in 2007 and why it is more likely to succeed in 2016.
Les produits financiers alternatifs au Maroc : Pratique et perspectives
L’introduction au Maroc, en 2007, des trois techniques de financement « Ijara, Mourabaha, Moucharaka » vient dans un contexte de convergence internationale vers la finance islamique. Neanmoins, l’integration des ces techniques dans les banques classiques se heurte a diverses contraintes et la commercialisation de ces produits est restee tres limitee. L’objet de notre article est de decrire les trois techniques de financement adoptees, d’analyser les contraintes de leur commercialisation et de presager les perspectives de leur developpement a travers la synthese des etudes realisees et la compilation des avis des gestionnaires bancaires et des conseillers et specialistes en finance islamique. Mots cles : Moucharaka, Mourabaha, Ijara, La crise financiere.
Performance Evaluation of Fuzzy Routing Algorithms for a New Fuzzy Mixed Metric Approach
Optimizing routing decisions has been an important subject in research of communication networks. The present paper is introducing a new fuzzy mixed metric approach, which takes routing decisions based on fuzzy costs in parallel to crisp cost of other metrics. The present paper evaluates the new fuzzy approach for its performance. The paper first describes the new fuzzy approach and the fuzzy routing algorithms developed for the approach and then the performance is evaluated both in empirical and analytical terms to show its advantages over the previous fuzzy approaches and traditional link- state routing approach. The paper analyzes the performance for different cases to show the efficacy of load on delay. The present paper bargains with three such cases.