Offshore wind energy - potential for India
This paper attempts to analyze energy demand scenario, especially that of almost unlimited wind energy and highlight vast potential of offshore wind energy for India in territorial water along its long coastline. Challenges to exploit this potential, financial viability of such offshore energy projects, social, environmental, and other related issues are discussed in Indian context to serve as a useful tool for policymakers to allocate resources for detailed studies for estimation and its ultimate utilization to add to growing pool of renewable energy.
Wind Energy Potential In India With Its Different Aspects
This paper presents the wind power potential in India with a review of different aspects. Excessive use of fossil fuel created environmental degradation and major problems like global warming and different forms of pollution. Fossil fuels are in limited quantity and are depleting day by day. Such situation compelled the world to find the innovative solution to full fill the increasing energy demand. Development index of any country in terms of economic, industrial and social depends on how much energy being consumed. To fulfill such needs Indian government took great initiative towards non-conventional energy sources. Indian government set up a separate ministry for proper monitoring and functioning of renewable power sectors. Continuous efforts from the government toward renewable energy source drove the country to 5th position in the world. India is currently in 4th position in wind energy installed capacity. Indian government set to achieve 175 GW Power from renewable energy sources till 2022 out of which wind energy will contribute 60 GW.
Nearshore Processes along Tikkavanipalem Beach, Visakhapatnam, India
Directional wave data collected at 12 m water depth, at 1 km distance off Tikkavanipalem from December 1997 to November 1998, was used to estimate the longshore currents and longshore sediment transport rate considering the sea and swell waves separately using the CERC formula. Daily littoral environmental parameters were observed at 3 stations and longshore sediment transport rate was estimated using the Walton’s equation. A comparative study was carried out on theoretical and measured longshore currents. The ratio of spectral energy at first and second spectral peaks show that the energy at second peak was more than fifty percent of the energy at first peak in 35% of the data collected. The longshore current speed computed based on Longuet-Higgin's equation was about 25% more than the measured and that based on Galvin's equation was about 22% more than measured. The difference between the gross sediment transport rate estimated based on the two method is around 6%. The sediment transport using Walton's equation shows that average annual gross transport was 0.371 X 10 6 m 3 and the average annual net transport (towards northeast) was 0.173 X 10 6 m 3 .