Are There Systemic Ethics Issues in Dispute System Design? And What We Should [Not] Do About it: Lessons from International and Domestic Fronts
This paper reviews ethical issues that occur when systems of dispute resolution are designed for organizations, institutions and situations of iterated disputing and grievances. It explores the state of the art of the field and suggests that ethics codes can be both inductively and deductively derived. After reviewing some ethics issues in both domestic (US) and international contexts, some key ethics issues are described but it is also suggested that the field is too new and under "professionalized" for the formal development of an ethics codes at this point, though some general principles of good practices can be identified.
Establishing Collective Norms: Potentials for Participatory Justice in Rwanda
In June 2002, the Republic of Rwanda embarked on an extraordinary experiment in transitional justice, inaugurating the pilot phase of a new participatory justice system called Inkiko-Gacaca. This article-the result of 8 weeks of research involving interviews with government and nongovernmental organization officials, local judges, and prisoners, and extensive observations of the Inkiko-Gacaca process in several different rural communities-explores the system's potential for healing inter-group conflict through a collaborative process of establishing common social and moral norms. The historical and theoretical background of Inkiko-Gacaca is followed by an in-depth case study of 3 communities. Relating intergroup contact theory to the actual experiences of Rwandans participating in this transitional justice system, we emphasize the need to revise the theory's often-implied assumption of homogeneity in participant perspectives. This analysis illustrates 4 very different levels of trust at which Rwandans par...
Norm Violation and Intergroup Relations
Part I: Theory, Methodological Concerns, and Instruments: Sandra G.L. Schruijer & Rama C. Tripathi: Norm violation as a precipitating factor of negative intergroup relations Ype H. Poortinga & Jai B.P. Sinha: Methodological concerns, choice of groups and instruments Part II: Empirical Studies: Sandra G.L. Schruijer: On what happens when Dutchmen and Turks violate each other's norms: A perfect match of mutual expectations? Emmanuel S.K. Ghosh, Rashmi Kumar, & Rama C. Tripathi: The communal cauldron: Relations between Hindus and Muslims in India and their reactions to norm violations Ravi B.P. Singh & Jai B.P. Sinha: The darker side of worker-manager relationship in a coal area in India Richard DeRidder: Dutch employee relations: Supervisors' and subordinates' perspectives Ype H. Poortinga & Xander H.M. Jansen: Overall analysis Richard DeRidder, Rashmi Kumar, & Sandra G.L. Schruijer: Norms of redress Part III: General Discussion: Richard DeRidder, Sandra G.L. Schruijer, & Rama C. Tripathi: Norm violation and intergroup relations: conclusions and prospects.