Trafficking in Persons in Indonesia: A Review on Current Anti-Trafficking Legislation Development
Trafficking in persons has become a global phenomena, including within Indonesia. Even now, Indonesia is identified as a source, transit, and destination country for victims of trafficking in persons for the purposes of forced labor and commercial sexual exploitation. The victims include women, children, and men. However, Indonesia is committed to preventing trafficking in persons, punishing offenders, and protecting victims of trafficking. Towards this end, Indonesia is taking many strategic and practical steps to eradicate trafficking in persons; including enacting current specific anti-trafficking law to cope with this type of crime; i.e., Law No. 21 of 2007 on the Eradication of Criminal Act of Trafficking in Persons. This article examines the development of anti trafficking legislation in Indonesia, including international instruments, prior legislation, and current legislation adopted in coping with the criminal act of trafficking in persons. The results would provide more undertsnading pertaining to trafficking in persons in Indonesia and the development of acts adopted by the country in adressing this criminal act. Keywords: Indonesia, trafficking in persons, legislation development
Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, in Countries of the Middle East: The Scope of the Problem and the Appropriate Legislative Responses
The purpose of this Article is to discuss the scope of the problem of trafficking in persons, especially women and children, in the region of the Middle East, and to examine the legislative responses to this problem. This Article will discuss the forms of trafficking in the countries of the Middle East and explain the current legislative responses to the problem of trafficking. This Article will also evaluate the adequacy of these responses, as determined by the minimum standards for eliminating trafficking in persons set forth by the United States Traffickingi Victims Protection Act of 2000 (”TVPA”). The Article will also address what countries of the Middle East must do to comply with the provisions stipulated in the Protocol. The Article will conclude by suggesting necessary legislative changes that must be initiated by these countries to combat trafficking in persons in the region. TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS, ESPECIALLY WOMEN AND CHILDREN, IN COUNTRIES OF THE MIDDLE EAST: THE SCOPE OF THE PROBLEM AND THE APPROPRIATE LEGISLATIVE RESPONSES
World Report 2012: Events of 2011
Book DetailsHuman Rights Watch. (2012). World report 2012: Events of 2011. New York: Seven Stories Press, 676 pages, paperback, ISBN 9781609803896.Synopsis and EvaluationHuman Rights Watch is one of the world's most well known and most active nongovernmental organizations dedicated to the protection and promotion of human rights all over the globe. It monitors state compliance with international human rights standards, conducting extensive on site investigations and focusing the international attention on situations of severe human rights abuses and violations. With divisions in Europe, USA, Americas, Africa, and Asia, the organization has various programs with focus on different fields: arms; business and human rights; children's rights; health and human rights; international justice; lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender rights; refugees; women's rights; etc. Its main goals are to give voice to those who are oppressed, to the most marginalized and neglected, to bring justice and security, holding the oppressors accountable for their crimes, laying the legal and moral groundwork for deep-rooted changes.The 22nd annual World Report summarizes human rights conditions and key issues in more than 90 countries and territories worldwide, being the outcome of extensive investigative work undertaken in 2011 by Human Rights Watch staff, usually with the collaboration and close partnership with the domestic human rights organizations and advocates (p. 20).The book is divided into five essays, followed by country-specific chapters. In the first essay, named "Before the Arab Spring, the Unseen Thaw," Eric Goldstein assesses the signs of change which were largely overlooked in the Middle East and North Africa region. According to the author "we tended to see the mainly authoritarian governments, whose grip was never in doubt, even when they tolerated a controlled pluralism, cautiously independent print media, and a fragile civil society. What we undervalued were rising expectations on the demand side, which subsequently fired the 2011 upheavals, during which thousands of peaceful demonstrators gave their lives in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Syria, Yemen, and Bahrain" (p. 25).In the next essay, "After the Fall," Rachel Denber looks retrospectively into the USSR's collapse 20 years ago in search of valuable lessons. Next, Benjamin Ward concludes in "Europe's Own Human Rights Crisis" that while many European officials see the Arab Spring as "the most thrilling period since the fall of the Berlin Wall," in Europe itself "human rights are in trouble" since the old continent continuously demonstrates intolerance and discriminatory practices towards migrants and "problematic" minorities (p. 42).In her essay "From Paternalism to Dignity," Shanta Rau Barriga calls for respect of the rights of persons with disabilities who are "often stripped of the most fundamental of all human rights - the right to make choices about their own lives - under the guise of "protecting" them from the challenges of decision-making and living independently" (p. …