Algeria's vineyards: an Islamic dilemma and a problem of decolonisation.
Abstract Algeria's viticultural industry represents an example of the way a colonial legacy can turn into a problem of dependency, the solution to which represents an issue of decolonisation and adjustment. An added dimension is the cultural inappropriateness of viticultural production in an increasingly Islamic country. By late colonial times Algeria's wine exports represented over half of its exports by value. To add economic independence to political independence threatened serious financial and employment losses, so any opportunity to avoid the reconversion of the now culturally inappropriate vineyards seemed attractive. Eventually, with the growth of hydrocarbon revenues, the reconversion and reconstitution of Algeria's vineyards proved possible during the 1970s. However, 20 years after independence, Algeria still had nearly half the 1962 area of vineyards, though with markedly lower yields and marketing at lower prices. The colonial legacy has now turned into an economic liability and has been tackl...
The evolution of wine research: A 26 year historical examination of topics, trends and future direction
Purpose 
 
 
 
 
Wine as a research topic continues to address a plethora of diverse contexts. In consideration of this scope and abundance of wine literature, this study aims to provide guidance for future meaningful contributions to this existing body of wine knowledge through a comprehensive scholarly review. 
 
 
 
 
Design/methodology/approach 
 
 
 
 
A total of 22 wine business, hospitality and tourism journals were selected and used to identify 739 refereed articles addressing wine-related topics over a 26-year period from 1990 to 2015. This was segmented using five wine research time frames, which were then separately investigated using content analysis and keyword network analysis. 
 
 
 
 
Findings 
 
 
 
 
Results support the importance for continued refinement of certain research areas to add understanding to wine research. In particular, the topics of marketing and tourism pertaining to wine research have fragmented into much more specialized sub-segments over this 26-year period. 
 
 
 
 
Research limitations/implications 
 
 
 
 
Limitations include generalizability of findings because of the study’s use of 22 journals, along with the selected 26-year period. Future research should examine other time periods using other publications in peripheral and in non-related areas to seek topics potentially and inadvertently overlooked by this process. Significant topics and trends regarding wine research were identified and classified according to time periods. Information has been provided for future directions and new research agendas. 
 
 
 
 
Originality/value 
 
 
 
 
Based upon an examination of time periods segmented by half-decades, keyword network analysis was used to explore wine research trends. Using keyword network analytics, this method for identifying networks between key words produced findings that have brought the literature regarding wine research to a current status allowing academics to gain insights into potential direction for future research needs.
Efficacy of life skills training on general health in students
BACKGROUND
With regard to the importance of life skills, the present study deals with the effect of life skills training on general health of the students.


MATERIALS AND METHODS
This was a one-group, pre-test, post-test, quasi-experimental research. Forty students were selected through purposive sampling method. The data collection tool was Goldberg General Health Questionnaire.


RESULTS
Paired t-test showed a 22 score significant decrease in general health after education compared to before education (P < 0.01).


CONCLUSION
This study showed that life skills education increases general health level of the students.