Harvesting electrical energy from rain by SPMS - Special pipe and micro-generator system
This paper presents a methodology to find optimal height for pipe of special pipe and micro generator system - SPMS for harvesting electrical energy from potential energy of precipitations in form of rain. Theoretical calculations in order to obtain theoretical amount of energy for two-storey house in western slope of Vidzeme upland of Latvia are presented as well as calculations to obtain real amount of obtainable energy based on experimental data are presented. Virtual model of SPMS developed according experimental data in simulation program Lab VIEW 7.1 is described.
Rainfall Estimation over Roof-Top Using Land-Cover Classification of Google Earth Images
'Water' is one of the most valuable resources available to the mankind. In the world, due to exponential growth in population and industrialization we are witnessing scarcity of water. In addition, water table levels are falling rapidly than ever. Hence proper management and appropriate utilization of water has become the need of an hour. Hence this problem is required to be tackled with the novel approach. The idea behind this proposal is to design and development of rain water harvesting system based on rainfall runoff estimation over rooftop. The Google Earth image is combination of remote sensed satellite images and aerial photographs. The information on land use and land cover is obtained using satellites Google Earth images which are simple, economical and precise approach. In the proposed work an efficient classification technique is proposed in which K-means clustering algorithm and textural parameters based on GLCM are used for classification of the Google Earth images into land cover and land use sector. In Land use and land cover classification whole image gets classified into different region such as Grass area, Water area, Roof-top area, Soil area etc. Then area under the different regions is computed. Area measurement is required for computing rainfall runoff using estimation model. Experimental result shows that the computation of the areas of roof tops and road surfaces are nearly accurate and rainfall runoff calculation can be estimated very near to actual.
Numerical tools applied to power reactor noise analysis
In order to be able to calculate the space- and frequency-dependent neutron noise in real inhomogeneous systems in two-group theory, a code was developed for the calculation of the Green's function (dynamic transfer function) of such systems. This paper reports on the development as well as the test and application of the numerical tools employed. The code that was developed yields the space-dependence of the fluctuations of the neutron flux induced by fluctuating properties of the medium in the two-group diffusion approximation and in a two-dimensional representation of heterogeneous systems, for both critical systems and non-critical systems with an external source. Some applications of these tools to power reactor noise analysis are then described, including the unfolding of the parameters of the noise source from the induced neutron noise, measured at a few discrete locations throughout the core. Other concrete applications concern the study of the space-dependence of the Decay Ratio in Boiling Water Reactors, the noise-based estimation of the Moderator Temperature Coefficient of reactivity in Pressurized Water Reactors, the modeling of the beam- and shell-mode core-barrel vibrations in Pressurized Water Reactors, and the investigation of the validity of the point-kinetic approximation in subcritical systems driven by an external source. In most of these applications, calculations performed using the code are compared with at-power plant measurements. Power reactor noise analysis applications of the above type, i.e. core monitoring without disturbing plant operation, is of particular interest in the framework of the extensive program of power uprates worldwide.