OPTIMIZATION PARTICLE SEPARATION FOR BETTER WATER QUALITY IN TREATMENT
The goal of the flocculation, sedimentation, dissolved-air-flotation (DAF) processes are to change the particle size distribution to best suit the subsequent processes. Although several methods exist to evaluate each process, no single universally accepted method has yet to be developed. The purpose of this paper is to present experiences whereby particle counting was used in the diagnosis and optimization of each process. The evaluation is based on particle dynamics, i.e., the change of the number of small and large particles. Some design deficiencies and inappropriate operational conditions in each process have been identified from this method. The effects of changed design in each process have been evaluated by comparing the particle counts at the existing design with particle counts after modification. Because the diagnosis of design may be site-specific, the method presented in this paper will be beneficial in the evaluation of the treatment processes at other water treatment plants leading to low cost, low energy operation.
Integrated design and operation of water treatment facilities
Management of a Design Project. Preliminary Studies. Design of Basic Treatment Process Units. Subordinate Plant Facilities. Design of Plant Components. Elements of Detailed Designs. Specific Water Treatment Processes. Management of Procurement and Construction Phases. Operations and Maintenance Manual and Operator Training. Plant Startup and Follow-Up Services. Appendices. Index.
Considerations for the Optimum Design and Operation of Coagulation Process in Water Treatment Plant
Coagulation process is one of the most important processes in WTP. The optimum design and operation of coagulation process is vital to the economic production of safe and clean drinking water. If the coagulation process is operated out of the optimal range, the plant tends to overdose the coagulant, resulting in the high chemical cost, large sludge production, high labor cost and possible high aluminum concentration in the drinking water. Generally, the only solution toward the optimal operation of WTP has been focussed in the change of type and/or dosage of coagulant or change of the mixing intensity. However, the inherent problem due to the deficiency in the design process can not be solved by these practice. The problem can only be solved by the understanding of the process through careful investigation of the design and scientific analysis of operational data. In this paper, a summary of the 3 year research on the coagulation process is presented. The design standard and its application policy of both Korea and USA are compared. Design deficiencies of flash mixer, distribution channel, and flocculation basin is proved by the theory and field measurement. The zeta potential was measured and G value was compared and particle counter was used. Several pilot plant experimental data are compared to prove the problems of existing plants. New operational methods such as SCM, pilot filter, and zeta potential are introduced and the experience of using those control techniques at the existing plants are presented. The result presented in this research will be helpful to understand the current problems in using the design standard of Korea, evaluate the coagulation process in existing water treatment plants, and suggest the modification of that process. Hopefully, it will lead toward the production of safe and cheap drinking water and ultimately toward the re-evaluation of the great value of clean drinking water and the people working in this field which they deserve.