Attitudes of North Dakota High School Students Toward the Farm Crisis
This was a discussion of how farm crisis affected North Dakota high school students in their career choices. Knowing more about how economic stress may influence adolescent career choice, knowing more about adolescent attitudes towards and their awareness of the farm crisis could help parents and educators provide adolescents with more accurate information concerning the farm economy. A survey was taken asking teens their attitudes towards farming. Both teens form rural and urban settings opted for college. The article then breaks down the differences in responses based upon gender and other factors.
Social Placement of Adolescents: Sex-Role Influences on Family Decisions Regarding the Careers of Youth.
,family decisions regarding the career goals of teenagers. Special attention was focused upon 96 qf these families, a h having both a male and female adolesc . Results indicated that family decisions favored the career goals of adolescent males over adolescent females by a 4 to 1 ratio. That is, the differential preference given to adolescents' goals seemed to be determined by the adolescents' gender. Furthermore, this variable retained its explanatory efficacy despite analyses for the effects of such alternative variables as the ordinal position of the adolescent, religious preference of parents, religiosity qf parents, education qf fathers, fathers' income, employment status of mothers, and whether the daughters desired an occupational or homemaking career as a primary life goal. Another important finding was that daughters were divided about equally in their choices of an occupational versus homemaking career. Generational differences were also prevalent, because fathers clearly preferred domestic goals for their daughters more than adolescent females chose these goals for themselves.
BIOSYNTHESIS OF DAUNORUBICIN GLYCOSIDES: ANALYSIS WITH BLOCKED MUTANTS
ABSTRACT Daunorubicin (daunomycin; NSC 82151) is an anthracycline antibiotic that is useful in the treatment of human leukemias. Several Streptomyces species accumulate higher glycosides of daunorubicin, which can be converted to daunorubicin by simple hydrolysis. We isolated a number of mutants of a daunorubicin glycoside-producing streptomycete, and found that some were deficient in accumulation of daunorubicin glycosides. One such mutant accumulated no detectable anthracyclines, while other mutants accumulated anthracyclines or aglycones that have not been reported before or have been described as co-metabolites of daunorubicin glycosides. Some of these anthracyclines and aglycones were purified and used as substrates in bioconversion experiments with various mutants. The results allowed us to construct a proposed pathway for the biosynthesis of daunorubicin glycosides by this streptomycete. KEYWORDS Anthracycline; daunorubicin; biosynthesis; blocked mutants; biotransformation.