A model for prediction of STOVL ejector dynamics
A semi-empirical control-volume approach to ejector modeling for transient performance prediction is presented. This new approach is motivated by the need for a predictive real-time ejector sub-system simulation for Short Take-Off Verticle Landing (STOVL) integrated flight and propulsion controls design applications. Emphasis is placed on discussion of the approximate characterization of the mixing process central to thrust augmenting ejector operation. The proposed ejector model suggests transient flow predictions are possible with a model based on steady-flow data. A practical test case is presented to illustrate model calibration.
Large-scale wind tunnel tests of an ejector-lift STOVL aircraft model
The initial results of a test program conducted on an ejector-augmented-lift STOVL aircraft design in the NASA-Ames 40-by-80-Foot Wind Tunnel has established the efficient performance of this full-scale aircraft realization of the propulsion-system configuration. It has also been noted that the generation of larger lift-augmentation ratios in this form than in component tests. In addition, it is found that configurations possessing thrust/weight ratios and wing loadings representative of current practice could, when outfitted with the present propulsion scheme, produce adequate level-flight acceleration through transition from VTOL hover to wingborne flight.
Characteristics of High Performance Ejectors
Abstract : The use of ejectors in energy conversion processes and thrust augmentation requires that the mixed flow be produced at a high efficiency. Although many definitions of efficiency have been used to describe the efficiency of an ejectors, we have used an efficiency based on thermodynamic availability which is referenced to the stagnation properties of the secondary flow (the flow being 'pumped'). As is well known, a compressible-flow, control- volume approach to analyzing a constant area ejector yields two solutions: one with a subsonic mixed flow and one with a supersonic mixed flow. The supersonic mixed flow produces the best efficiencies and highest total pressures. The properties of the supersonic mixed flow are of necessity related to the properties of the subsonic mixed flow by the normal shock relations. Nonetheless, in practice, the subsonic mixed flow is, in general, not achieved through a normal shock (or pseudo-normal shock) from the supersonic mixed flow solution. A model is presented that gives a physical interpretation to the various solutions obtained from the mathematics, and more importantly, some fundamental limits are presented and a procedure is developed for determining the efficiency that can be achieved in a constant area ejector when the mixed flow is supersonic.