Experimental Investigation on the Performance of Desuperheater in Power Plant
Desuperheater is an important equipment in power plant. In desuperheater, spray nozzle is the key component forits advantages of full contact and seldom blockage. In this study, a nozzle atomization test system is built and different nozzle water total pressures and wind speeds are chosen under the condition of Room-temperature to test the atomization characteristics of the target spray nozzle in high-speed airflow. The experimental results are compared with the theoretical results. The conclusion shows the SMD distribution range after second atomization at We ranging from 20 to 50. Under the laboratory conditions, when the nozzle exit caliber is 3mm and impingement angle is 60¡ã, it can be seen that the SMD reaches its minimum value under the certain water pressure. This study provides a useful reference for the target spray nozzle atomization technology.
Atomization by jet impact
The formation and fragmentation of liquid sheets resulting from the oblique collision of two identical cylindrical jets is investigated. The liquid expands radially from the impacting point forming a sheet in the form of a bay leaf bounded by a thicker rim. The sheet shape, rim size and liquid velocity field are quantified and represented analytically. External harmonic perturbations of the injection conditions reveal the nature of the rim destabilization and of its coupling with the sheet. Flow perturbations in the incident jets lead to sheet thickness modulations which trigger the fragmentation of the rim via the formation of liquid ligaments whose dynamics is described. The breakup of these ligaments induce both the shape and width of the drop size distribution in the spray formed by this process.
A GIS based transportation model for solid waste disposal--a case study on Asansol municipality.
Uncontrolled growth of the urban population in developing countries in recent years has made solid waste management an important issue. Very often, a substantial amount of total expenditures is spent on the collection of solid waste by city authorities. Optimization of the routing system for collection and transport of solid waste thus constitutes an important component of an effective solid waste management system. This paper describes an attempt to design and develop an appropriate storage, collection and disposal plan for the Asansol Municipality Corporation (AMC) of West Bengal State (India). A GIS optimal routing model is proposed to determine the minimum cost/distance efficient collection paths for transporting the solid wastes to the landfill. The model uses information on population density, waste generation capacity, road network and the types of road, storage bins and collection vehicles, etc. The proposed model can be used as a decision support tool by municipal authorities for efficient management of the daily operations for transporting solid wastes, load balancing within vehicles, managing fuel consumption and generating work schedules for the workers and vehicles. The total cost of the proposed collection systems is estimated to be around 80 million rupees for the fixed cost of storage bins, collection vehicles and a sanitary landfill and around 8.4 million rupees for the annual operating cost of crews, vehicles and landfill maintenance. A substantial amount (25 million rupees/yr) is currently being spent by AMC on waste collection alone without any proper storage/collection system and sanitary landfill. Over a projected period of 15 yr, the overall savings is thus very significant.