Language policy, linguistic hegemony and exclusion in the Zimbabwean print and broadcasting media
This article examines linguistic hegemony and linguistic exclusion in the Zimbabwean print and broadcasting media. The discussion is based on the fact that the media carry language, operate through language and contribute to language promotion and development. Therefore, this article argues that there is need for a sound and working language policy for the print and broadcasting media in Zimbabwe. The language used in information dissemination, public debates and communication can include or exclude some speech communities in the country. However, the language choices in the media in Zimbabwe demonstrate multilayered linguistic hegemonies where English is generally the dominant language, while Shona and Ndebele are hegemonic to the other languages in Zimbabwe. This situation is attributed to the fact that the broadcasting media in Zimbabwe are part of the colonial heritage; that there is a lack of a clear and consistent language policy of the media in Zimbabwe, which is reflective of the absence of a comprehensible national language policy; that the domination of the Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation leaves no room for meaningful and authentic competing community radio and television stations; that the media in Zimbabwe are business and political organisations; and that the media in Zimbabwe are appendages of the global media system which favour the use of English.
Jürgen Habermas and the Public Sphere
1962년에 처음 쓰여진 「공 영역의 구조변화」에서 하버마스는 18세기부터 현재에 이르기까지의 부르죠아 사회의 여론정치의 생성을 역사적으로 고찰하고 있다. 정치생활에서 하버마스가 뜻하는 비판적 이성의 기준에 일치해서 공개적으로 논의될 수 있는 공중의 영역이 18세기에 처음으로 출현한다. 공중은 여론의 보전, 유지자이며, 그 비판적 기능은 이성적 사유를...
Attitudes toward the Greek Cypriot dialect: sociocultural implications
Contrary to linguistic evidence, people still believe that some languages 
are more "precise," "beautiful," and "expressive" than other languages 
and that some dialects are "inferior," "inexpressive," and "incomplete" 
compared with their corresponding Standard or official languages. 
Many studies have been carried out and several techniques have been 
employed in order to examine peoples' attitudes toward languages and 
varieties of languages. Some of the most common techniques include 
using surveys and questionnaires, carrying out Interviews, recording natural conversations, and employing experimental manipulations. 
In the present study an experimental attempt was made to investigate 
Greek Cypriots' attitudes toward their native language, the Cypriot dialect, by employing the matched-guise technique. Twenty-two first-year 
Greek Cypriot students attending the University of Cyprus were selected 
to serve as subjects (judges) and to evaluate the qualities of several 
Speakers using the Cypriot dialect on one occasion (one guise) and 
Standard Modern Greek (SMG) on another occasion (the other guise). 
Judges' evaluations took the form of filling in a table that included 12 
traits such as kindness, intelligence, sincerity, dependability, and sense of 
humor. The results obtained show that the SMG guises were rated more 
favorably than the Cypriot guises.