Pakistan's law enforcement agencies harnessing their potential to combat terrorism
Abstract : In the aftermath of 9/11, the United States embarked upon a massive global hunt for terrorists and launched "Operation Enduring Freedom" in Afghanistan. Owing to its geographical proximity to Afghanistan, Pakistan emerged as an ally of the United States in its war against terrorism. Terrorists, having been evicted from Kabul, found the border areas of Pakistan and Afghanistan an idyllic sanctuary to promote future terrorism. During this period, terrorists extended their activities to other parts of Pakistan. At various stages, Pakistan's Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs), Federal and Provincial police, Frontier Constabulary, Levies, Frontier Corps, and Rangers were dovetailed into Pakistani Army operations against terrorists, but their ability to maintain security in their respective areas of responsibility has been questionable. They had neither conducted such operations anywhere in the past, nor were they sufficiently trained and equipped to produce a matching response to the terrorists' inventive and innovative techniques. Notwithstanding the sacrifices of troops employed against terrorists in Pakistan, it is extremely important to objectively review the LEAs' demonstrated training skills and combat worthiness in the country's ongoing counterterrorism campaign. This research focuses on appraising the existing infrastructure of Pakistan's LEAs and their potential to combat the menace of terrorism. Since Pakistan is currently fighting terrorism with the Army in a lead role, the thesis will emphasize the importance of enhancing the capabilities of LEAs other than the military to forestall, prevent, and effectively counter terrorists. The LEAs of Pakistan are a linchpin in the maintenance of law and order in the country, and their restructuring, training, and funding ought to be a priority for the Pakistani government. The authors include recommendations for upgrading the LEAs in Pakistan.
Descent into Chaos
Internasjonal Politikk | Årgang 68 | Nr. 1 | 2010 antologi, men det gir kanskje et godt bilde på hvor kompleks og sammensatt den moderne europeiske sikkerhetsvirkeligheten er. Nye utfordringer for europeisk sikkerhetspolitikk tjener primært som en bred innføringsbok om europeisk sikkerhetspolitikk. Den gir imidlertid også en oppdatert drøfting av aktuelle spørsmål på feltet, som vil være av interesse for lesere med gode kunnskaper på fagområdet.
Gender And Community Policing: Walking the Talk
While traditional policing celebrated male officers as masculine crime fighters who were tough, aloof, and physically intimidating, policewomen were characterized as too soft and emotional for patrol assignments and were relegated to roles focusing on children, other women, or clerical tasks. With the advent of community policing, women's perceived skills are finally finding a legitimate place in police work, and law enforcement structures now encourage such previously undervalued feminine traits as trust, cooperation, compassion, interpersonal communication, and conflict resolution. In this illuminating study of gender and community policing, Susan L. Miller draws on a combination of survey data, forthright interviews with a diverse mix of police officers, and extensive fieldwork conducted in a midwestern city where community policing has been practiced for over a decade. She describes the differences and similarities in policing styles of male and female officers, considers the relationships that develop between neighborhood police on foot and patrol officers in squad cars, and explores the interactions between neighborhood officers and community members. Miller confronts such questions as how police reconcile incompatible images of masculinity and femininity; how actions of neighborhood police officers compare with those of traditional rapid response patrol officers; how community police cope with resistance from the rank and file; and how gender and gender-role expectations shape police activities and the evaluation of new skills. Gender and Community Policing provides both a feminist framework for community policing and a fresh examination of how race, gender, andsexual orientation affect police image, identity, and methods.