Is the Soviet Collapse Dragging the United States Down?
The mix of old and new in the United States's role as world leader creates ambiguity and confusion. The United States is looking for ways to regain its lost economic punch and to consolidate its world hegemony. At present, however, with no true enemy on the horizon, it is being dragged down by the Soviet collapse. The twentieth century was a period of transition but not from capitalism to socialism. The nonmarket alternative or challenge represented by the Soviet Union gave capitalism the means to overcome many obstacles to its reproduction and raise profits to new levels. The United States occupied a privileged position in that process. However, the twenty-first century demands new solutions for capitalism's inherent contradictions, and as a result the United States is apparently still trying to invent a new Soviet Union.
The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism, Secrecy, and the End of the Republic
"The Sorrows of Empire" scrutinises the policies, past and present, that have led to American imperialism and the massive defence spending and overseas military deployment that necessarily accompany it. The author suggests that the US could suffer the same "overstretch" that led to the demise of the Soviet Union. Chalmers Johnson outlines the cost of Empire, both for the American people and for the rest of the world. "The Sorrows of Empire" is a sombre and cogent analysis and is written with an authority that is difficult to ignore.
Imposing Decency: The Politics of Sexuality and Race in Puerto Rico, 1870–1920
Feminists, socialists, Afro-Puerto Rican activists, and elite politicians join laundresses, prostitutes, and dissatisfied wives in populating the pages of Imposing Decency. Centring her analysis around several major Puerto Rican anti-prostitution campaigns, Eileen Findlay exposes the race-related double standards of sexual norms and practices in Puerto Rico between 1870 and 1920, the period that witnessed Puerto Rico's shift from Spanish to U.S. colonialism. In showing how political projects and alliances in Puerto Rico were affected by racially contingent definitions of "decency" and "disreputability," Findlay argues that attempts at moral reform and the state's repression of "sexually dangerous" women were weapons used in battles between elite and popular, American and Puerto Rican, and black and white. Based on a thorough analysis of popular and elite discourses found in both literature and official archives, Findlay contends that racialised sexual norms and practices were consistently a central component in the construction of social and political orders. The campaigns she analyses include an attempt at moral reform by elite male liberals and a movement designed to enhance the family and cleanse urban space that ultimately translated into repression against dark-skinned prostitutes. Findlay also describes how U.S. colonial officials railed against prostitution by focusing on marriage and divorce and how feminist, labour, and Afro-Puerto Rican political demands escalated after World War I, again making prostitutes a tool for those attempting to maintain stability and political consensus. Imposing Decency forces us to rethink previous interpretations of political chronologies as well as reigning conceptualisations of both liberalism and the early working-class in Puerto Rico. Her work will appeal to scholars with an interest in Puerto Rican or Latin American studies, sexuality and national identity, women in Latin America, and general women's studies.