Sermones y espejos de príncipes castellanos
This essay describes the evolution of the political discourse in the Castilian mirrors of princes. In fact it can be observed that, even if the catalogues of vices and virtues were already considerably important in the treaties of Arabic origin, these lists became even more relevant in the treaties of western sources and became their distinctive mark. This allowed the bringing together of the political and the religious discourse and it especially contributed to the mixing of two literary genres: the mirrors of princes with the sermons.
“Ca así commo yo soy tu padre”: Género, masculinidad y poder en Castigos del rey don Sancho IV
Abstract:El presente trabajo propone el análisis conjunto de la masculinidad y de la representación de la mujer en Castigos del rey don Sancho IV. En Castigos se presenta además de un modelo de rey ideal, un modelo de masculinidad ideal, y este determina en gran manera el éxito o fracaso de aquel. Así, se propugna el autocontrol como valor fundamental en el rey; el objetivo último de este autocontrol es evitar el cuestionamiento tanto de la masculinidad de este como de su posición ápice en la jerarquía social. Sin embargo, este modelo, el de gobernante, entra en continuo conflicto con el modelo de clérigo, que también se halla presente en Castigos y que termina imponiéndose al primero. De forma igualmente contradictoria se plantea la representación de la mujer, ya que conviven en ella tanto elementos que pueden considerarse claramente misóginos con otros que aparentemente corresponden al llamado discurso profemenino medieval.
Did the metamorphosis from Export Processing Zones to Special Economic Zones improve the efficiency of trade enclaves in India?
In this paper, the efficiency of seven conventional Special Economic Zones in India is analyzed, by adopting a stochastic production frontier technique, for the period between 1986–1987 and 2007–2008.Results indicate that although the efficiency scores of these enclaves have improved over the years, specifically with the introduction of the SEZ policy (2000–2001), it is far below the threshold level as identified in the literature. Besides, one can also observe a discrepancy emerging between better export earning zones and efficient zones. On the determinants side, policy intervention and large geographical area, accompanied by clustering of units, are found to have impacted the efficiency scores of these enclaves positively.