Characterization of chitinolytic bacteria and histological aspects of Shell Disease Syndrome in European spiny lobsters (Palinurus elephas) (Fabricius 1787).
The present research reports the first description of Shell Disease Syndrome in European spiny lobsters Palinurus elephas (Fabricius 1787), which occurred in an experimental aquaculture facility in Sicily (Italy). Both bacterial characterization and histopathological examination of the exoskeleton at site of lesions was carried out. Infected specimens showed tail fan erosions, and in one case uropod ulceration and complete loss of periods. Identified species included: Listonella anguillarum 50.5%, Vibrio parahaemolyticus 27.5% and Vibrio alginolyticus 22%. Microscopic evaluation of lesions indicate the presence of inflammatory responses, which include melanization and pseudomembrane formation, similar to those described for other crustaceans affected by SDS.
Causes of tail fan necrosis in the southern rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii
Abstract Tail fan necrosis (TFN) is a recognised constraint on the advancement of the South Australian rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) liveholding industry because of a reduction in value of afflicted lobsters. Trials were run in the laboratory and at a shore‐based experimental live‐holding facility (LHF) to determine the influence of at‐sea post‐harvest handling, feeding frequency (LHF only), density (LHF only), and temperature (laboratory only) on the advent of the condition. Lobsters were caught during normal fishing operations and either immediately placed in protective fine‐mesh nylon bags and stored in the boat's well or placed unbagged in the well. At the laboratory, the tail fans of half the bagged lobsters were deliberately damaged with sterile instruments. At the LHF the TFN level increased significantly over 4 months. The bagged treatment showed significantly less late‐stage TFN than unbagged daily or weekly‐fed treatments with 60% of bagged lobsters showing no TFN at 4 months. With unbagged lobsters, 50% showed erosion in the <25% category and 30% showed erosion of >25% of the tail fan. Lobster density and feeding frequency had no effect on TFN incidence. In the laboratory, bagged and bagged‐damaged treatments had no advanced TFN after the 6‐week period suggesting that post‐harvest bagging minimises TFN and that inflicting physical damage to lobster tail fans with aseptic instruments does not lead to its development. Temperature had no effect on TFN development. The highest incidence of TFN was found in lobsters given normal post‐harvest handling, that is, communal holding in boat holds and tanks (i.e., without bags). These conditions are normally associated with physical damage inflicted by conspecifics. Such damage will presumably also involve infection of wounds by the bacterial flora of the crayfish exoskeleton, leading to development of TFN.
Reality TV: The Work of Being Watched
Chapter 1 1 Between the New Medium and the Old Chapter 2 2 The Promise of the Digital Revolution Chapter 3 3 Rediscovering Reality Chapter 5 4 The Kinder, Gentler Gaze of Big Brother Chapter 6 5 Access to the Real Chapter 7 6 It's All About the Experience Chapter 8 7 Reality TV and Voyeurism Chapter 9 8 Survivor and Uncanny Capitalism Chapter 10 Bibliography