Brazil in Africa: Another Emerging Power in the Continent?
This paper develops three basic arguments. First, it presents the basic underpinnings of Brazilian diplomacy in the past half century, concentrating on the changes adopted in the 1980s and the 1990s up to the foreign policy put forward by Lula's government (2003–2009). It recognises that Lula's foreign policy represents a step forward, especially where Africa is concerned. However, it does not seem to be clear whether the Brazilian economy has enough strength to sustain such a foreign policy, as is shown in the second part of the paper. This is indeed the case if comparisons are made with India, China and even South Africa, when the latter's regional role is considered. Finally, an effort is made to summarise the recent political cooperation established between Brazil and African countries as well as to present an overview of Brazil's trade and investment relations both with the region as a whole and with some important individual partners. Once this picture is established, we investigate whether these realms—diplomatic/political and economic—take independent tracks, or if they do interact in a coherent manner. Africa remained deep inside Brazil and Brazilians, not as something external to ourselves. But as a mythic space; neither geographical, nor historical.
Provincialising Nature: Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Politics of the Environment in Latin America
? Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. ? You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain ? You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us at vbn@aub.aau.dk providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.
Política de comércio exterior e desenvolvimento: a experiência brasileira
The article exposes the Brazilian government thought and Brazilian external trade policy between 1930 and nowadays. Three verifications of Brazilian Diplomacy have conditioned Brazilian decision-making process: doctrines do not guide the practice of great powers, an emergent country disposes of little power in multilateral fora, radical liberal experiences do not produce the effects proclaimed by their indoctrinators. For this reason, the international trade policy avoided to obey the major principles and models, orienting itself with growing realism. It has been historicaly developed as an instrument to reinforce the internal economy and market, and it has evolved based on a contradictory strategy that protected the internal market and cried out for global markets openning. On the 90's, it has ceded to globalization tendencies, but not before it had extended introspection to the broaden regional market, Mercosul.