Evaluation of Thermal Properties of E-Glass/ Epoxy Composites Filled By Different Filler Materials
This paper compares the values of the thermal and fire resistance properties of composites made using the hand layup technique. E-Glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites was fabricated by filling varying concentration of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), magnesium hydroxide(Mg(OH)2), silicon carbide (SiC), and hematite powder. The main aim of this work was to determine the thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, time to ignition and flame propagation rate of composites. Experimental results show that Al2O3 and Mg (OH)2 filled composites exhibited low thermal conductivities. Composites filled by SiC particles exhibited low thermal expansion coefficient when compared with other filled composites. Fire test results indicated that increase the loading of Al2O3, Mg (OH)2, and hematite powder increase the time to ignition and reduces the flame propagation rate of composites.
Effect of Thermal Properties on Delaminated Fibre Metal Laminate
An attempt is made to analyse the effect of variation in thermal properties in Fibre Metal Laminate with an implanted delamination. This work focuses to explore the variations in thermal contrast for the increase in values of thermal properties of delamination, Aluminium layers and glass reinforced epoxy layers. The paper projects the numerical investigations towards the thermal analysis of fibre metal laminates based on a type of infrared Thermography named Step Pulsed Active thermography. The results conclude that the strong dependency of thermal contrast is mainly based on thermal conductivity of delaminated material, and Aluminium layers but less dependent on specific heat and density for barely Aluminium layers. The supplementary conclusions are arrived that the specific heat and density of Aluminium layers only show less significant in reporting the changes in results but they do not make considerable changes for delamination. A complementary conclusion of the glass fibre epoxy layers confirms that none of thermal properties variations does make meaningful change in thermal contrast in both reflection mode and transmission mode. The empirical relationship is made to find the exact variation of thermal contrast with change in thermal properties to study the future case problems related to delaminated fibre metal laminates. Thus, the analyses conclude that step pulsed active thermography in both reflection and transmission modes are more sensitive with the variation in thermal conductivity of delamination and Aluminium layers.
Within and Inter-Institutional Differences Between Death Certifiers on Autopsy Conclusions
This study seeks to establish whether medico-legal practitioners differ in their autopsy conclusions within and across medico-legal institutions. Data include 459 violent deaths (homicides, suicides, and accidents) autopsy reports written by more than 20 death certifiers from four medico-legal institutions in two countries (France and the United States). Multinomial models show that compared with accidental deaths, weapon use and decedents’ characteristics both influence a homicide verdict, but not a suicide one. In addition, French practitioners are more likely than Americans to reach a conclusion of homicide or suicide compared with accident, and homicides are more likely to be certified by male practitioners.