IDENTIDAD Y VOZ AU(C)TORIZADA: LA FUNCIONALIDAD DE LA CITA CICERONIANA DE LOS POETAE VETERES
It is possible to find, through Cicero’s works, a great number of citations of the so-called “archaic authors” –as Naevius, Ennius-, which are the result of the Arpinate’s own readings. The objective of our article consists on pointing out their frequent appearances in important places of the Ciceronian production and on analizing its particular function within this context. Thus, our purpose is focused on establishing how the inclusion of somebody else´s voice in those texts allows to see a number of discursive strategies that collaborate in the construction of Cicero’s identity as an author. It’s possible, then, to prove that his appropriation and manipulation of the sources -acquired through his readings- tend to be similar to those applied to the construction of his political imago. Authorized through tradition, Cicero himself becomes an auctor and a privilege interpreter of the Roman history by means of his poetic work. Therefore, we contemplate a 
twofold intention in quoting these old texts: the auctoritas that comes from their place in tradition and the relationship that Cicero establishes with them on a poetic level, association that acts as a guarantee in order to enable him to place himself as their follower and the next link in the chain towards poetic perfection.
Unity Identity Text Self
Abstract Understanding the receptivity of literature, how one work admits many readers, begins with an analogy: unity is to text as identity is to self. Unity here means the way all a text’s features can be related through one central theme. Identity describes a person’s sameness within different behaviors as variations on one identity theme (Lichtenstein). To find unity or identity, however, the interpreter himself plays a behavioral variation on his identity theme. In interpreting, his identity re-creates itself as he shapes the text to match his characteristic defenses, fantasies, and coherences. Thus, what a poet says about fictional, political, or scientific texts expresses the same identity theme as the poems he writes. To understand reading, criticism, and any knowing or making in symbols, then, we need to let go the Cartesian craving for objectivity and accept the themes in ourselves with which we construe the world—including literary works.
The Society of Individuals
Norbert Elias (1897-1990) Note on the text Preface Part I: The Society of Individuals (1939) Part II: Problems of self-consciousness and the image of man (1940s-1950s): Wishful and fearful self-images of humans as individuals and of society The thinking statues individualisation in the social process Part III: Changes in the we-I balance (1987) Appendix I: Rainer Maria Rilke, 'The Book of Pilgrimage' Appendix II: Two poems by Goethe Appendix III: Power struggles and the concepts of 'state' and 'society' Appendix IV: Migration and the conflict of generations Bibliography Index.