The price of energy and potential growth of developed countries : An attempt at quantification
Abstract A growth model based on a theoretical discussion of the impact of oil prices on developed countries is used to predict the impact of higher prices of energy on the growth of developed countries. The results suggest that the growth impact is small, that domestic price policies may have a large impact on oil imports, and that the investment of foreign assets accumulated by oil producers may make a significant contribution to the GNP of OECD.
Energienachfrage und Potential Output in Gesamtwirtschaft und Industrie
SummaryThe purpose of this article is to estimate the effects of the quadrupling of oil prices at the end of 1973 on potential output of the Austrian economy as a whole and of manufacturing in particular. The hypothesis is tested that the increase of relative energy prices (energy prices relative to domestic prices) makes previous measures of potential output obsolete. Using dynamic Cobb-Douglas type production functions for estimating potential output leads to the following results. If energy is implemented in the production function (either directly as a third factor in addition to capital and labour or indirectly via relative energy prices) there is strong evidence that part of the prerecession potential output has become obsolete in the recession of 1975. A comparison with an estimated potential output which doesn't take into account energy as a factor of production indicates that such a procedure could lead to wrong policy conclusions.
The development of biological systematics : Antoine-Laurent de Jussieu, nature, and the natural system
A reevaluation of the history of biological systematics that discusses the formative years of the so-called natural system of classification in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Shows how classifications came to be treated as conventions; systematic practice was not linked to clearly articulated theory; there was general confusion over the "shape" of nature; botany, elements of natural history, and systematics were conflated; and systematics took a position near the bottom of the hierarchy of sciences.