ANTICIPATORY POLICY AND MARINE RESOURCES
Anticipatory policy is premised on the need to respond to warnings about future threats and opportunities by positive political action. This paper discusses the notion of anticipatory policy by using three cases from ocean policy, deepwater ports, ocean thermal energy conversion, and deep seabed mining. Such policies tend to be extremely vulnerable to changes in the economic and political environments within which they operate. In order to understand how such policies succeed or fail requires that studies of policy implementation decades, not just several years. Although there has been a move in this direction in assessing social welfare policies, this approach has been far less evident in the natural resources area. Copyright 1986 by The Policy Studies Organization.
Of mackerel and menhaden: A public policy perspective on fishery conflict
Abstract Since at least the turn of the century fisheries in the United States have been managed through formal public policy processes at the state level and above, as opposed to indigenous or local management. These processes have grown more complex over time, and have come to include activities in many sectors other than fisheries themselves. Using a case study of competition and conflict that occurred in the State of North Carolina, this paper examines the legislative, administrative and socio-economic processes that underlie current fisheries management and policy, and suggests that information-sharing and interpretation, compatible structure and defined jurisdiction in the management process and clear value orientations are critical to effective policy and management.
2000 Review conference of the parties to the treaty on the non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, final document
4. The Conference notes that the non-nuclearweapon States Parties to the Treaty reaffirmed their commitment not to receive the transfer from any transferor whatsoever of nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices or of control over such weapons or explosive devices directly, or indirectly, not to manufacture or otherwise acquire nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices, and not to seek or receive any assistance in the manufacture of nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices. 2000 REVIEW CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES TO THE TREATY ON THE NON-PROLIFERATION OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS FINAL DOCUMENT