THE USAGE OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS IN HYDRODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF FLOATING OFFSHORE PLATFORMS
Floating offshore structures, particularly floating oil production, storage and offloading systems (FPSOs) are still in great demand, both in small and large reservoirs, for deployment in deep water. The prediction of such vessels’ responses to her environmental loading over her lifetime is now often undertaken using response-based design methodology, although the approach is still in its early stages of development. Determining the vessel’s responses to hydrodynamic loads induced by long term sea environments is essential for implementing this approach effectively. However, it is often not practical to perform a complete simulation for every 3-hour period of environmental data being considered. Therefore, an Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) modelling technique has been developed for the prediction of FPSO’s responses to arbitrary wind, wave and current loads that alleviates this problem. Comparison of results obtained from a conventional mathematical model with those of the ANN-based technique for the case of a 200,000 tdw tanker demonstrates that the approach can successfully predict the vessel’s responses due to arbitrary loads.
Fatigue analysis of floating wind turbine support structure applying modified stress transfer function by artificial neural network
Abstract The frequency-domain approach has been studied as a potential replacement modality for the time-domain method in fatigue analysis of offshore wind turbine structures. It is assumed that in the frequency-domain approach, the stress response spectra induced by wind and wave loads can be expressed by a stress transfer function. To obtain the stress transfer function, coupled analysis should be performed in advance. However, since the response of a wind turbine to different average wind speeds is non-linear, the stress transfer function is bound to change with wind speed. This means that repeated simulation is needed in order to calculate the stress transfer function according to wind speed change. The problem, though, is that if the number of simulations is large, prohibitively high computational and time costs probably will be incurred. In this study, to reduce the number of simulations and, at the same time, increase the accuracy of results, a correction factor of the stress transfer function induced by wind load was artificial-neural-network-approximated as a function of mean wind speed and frequency. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine how many sample points are required and how to select them. Also, a superposition model is proposed to improve the accuracy of the ANN model. This model is designed so that the peaks in the stress spectrum have a dominant influence on fatigue damage. In order to better simulate the correction factor around the peak, the model considering only the data of the periphery of the peaks and the model reflecting the whole data are superimposed. The total stress spectrum were calculated by summing stress spectrum induced by wind load from the ANN model and induced by inertia load from motion analysis based on linear wave theory. Numerical analysis for a 10 MW class wave and offshore wind hybrid power generation (WWHybrid) system, which is a kind of semi-submersible wind turbine platform, was performed to verify the performance of the proposed model. It was confirmed that the superposition model improves the accuracy by 20–50% compared with the single ANN model.
Global Islamic Politics
1. Introduction to Islam and Islamic Revivals. 2. Islam: A Vehicle for Political Action. 3. The Muslim Fundamentalists. 4. The Muslim Traditionalists. 5. The Muslim Modernists. 6. The Muslim Pragmatists. 7. Failure of Secular Ideologies and Developmental Crises. 8. Islamic Revivalism in the Arab-Israeli Context. 9. OPEC, OIC, and Islamic Politics. 10. The Islamic Revolution in Iran. 11. Islamic Revival in Central Asia. 12. Conclusion. Glossary of Islamic Terms.