Quasistatic Bubble Propagation in 1.5 μm Period Ion-Implanted Tracks for 64 Mbit Magnetic Bubble Memory Devices
Ion-implanted tracks with a 1.5 μm period for use in 64 Mbit magnetic bubble memory devices have been fabricated and operated. The bubble material used was (BiSmLu)3 (FeAl)5O12 garnet film, supporting 0.45 μm bubbles. The resist mask patterns for implantation were formed using a 1/10 reduction projection aligner, using rectangular patterns on a reticle. The bubble propagation tracks were fabricated by double deuterium implantation and annealed at 400°C for 30 minutes, with an SiO2 layer deposited on the garnet surface to stabilize the implanted layer. An operating bias field margin in excess of 7% was stably obtained in quasistatic bubble propagation. This shows that the ion-implanted devices have great potential for use in 64 Mbit magnetic bubble memory devices.
Bi‐Sc doped bubble garnets supporting 0.35‐μm diameter bubbles
Garnet films of (BiSmLu)3(FeSc)5O12 supporting very small diameter (≲0.4 μm) bubbles have been grown on (111) oriented Nd3Ga5O12 substrates by liquid phase epitaxy. The saturation induction 4πMs is increased up to 2100 G by doping Sc in the octahedral site and Bi in the dodecahedral site. At the composition of Bi0.5Sm1.6Lu0.9Fe4.9Sc0.1O12, 4πMs is 2040 G and the bubble diameter can be decreased to 0.35 μm. The anisotropy energy Ku is 2.73×105 erg/cm3 and the quality factor Q (=Ku/2πMs2) is 1.65. Both Sm–Lu pair and Bi contribute to Ku. Bubbles with 0.35‐μm diam are considered to be the smallest possible in garnets since 4πMs can hardly exceed 2100 G.
Quantitative and qualitative relationship between swirl burner operatingconditions and pulverized coal flame length
Abstract Currently, there are used in power plants two types of burners to combustion the pulverized coal: jet burners and swirl burners. Most of the published works in the field of analysis of burners operating conditions are related to jet burners and are limited to initial region of the flame at the outlet of the burner. For jet burners an offset between the burner outlet and the flame beginning point could be analyzed. In the case of swirl burners with the pre-mixing diffuser chamber an offset between flame ignition point and burner outlet is usually not visible. Because already in the pre-mixing diffuser chamber of swirl burner occurs the ignition of coal-dust together with oxidant-gas cloud and thereby the formation of the flame. Therefore, the analysis of operating conditions for this types of burners requires a different approach. There is a lack of researches, in which will be analyzed changes of the flame length, that are caused by changes of design and operating parameters of swirl burner with the pre-mixing diffuser chamber. Therefore the aim of this study was to implement and verify the methodology for estimating the flame length, which will allow monitoring changes of operating conditions, that are caused by changes of design and operating parameters of swirl burner with the pre-mixing diffuser chamber. To carry out the analysis of the image of the coal flame, the two algorithms have been presented. This two algorithms, being based on the video images of the coal flame allows to specify and detect the end point of the flame and on that basis the length of the flame, as well as the fluctuation changes of flame length can be later determined. Both, the change thermal loads of coal burner, streams of secondary air, as well as the constructional change of the angle of swirler assemblies, resulted in distinct changes in the length of the pulverized coal flame.