Comparison of Processing Strategy for Time and Frequency Transfer Using GNSS
We have tested GNSS data processing for time and frequency (T&F) transfer prior to performing international VLBI T&F transfer experiments between two lattice clocks operated by INRIM (Italy) and NICT (Japan) Modified Allan deviation values show that precise point positioning (PPP) with ambiguity resolution (PPP AR) and PPP by a Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) GNSS processing tool, MALIB, perform similarly with best case one day instabilities on the order of 10 15 for the Koganei Medicina baseline. Although further investigation is required to evaluate the PPP AR technique, preliminary results imply that this technique is sufficient for validating the international VLBI experiments between INAF and NICT for the comparison of two lattice clocks.