Traumatismes Balistiques Au Chu De Bobo Dioulasso (Burkina Faso) A Propos De 39 Cas
Introduction Cette etude a ete menee dans le but de decrire les aspects epidemiologiques, diagnostiques et therapeutiques des traumatismes balistiques au Centre hospitalier universitaire Souro Sanou (CHUSS) de Bobo Dioulasso. Materiel et Methodes Il s'agissait d'une etude retrospective sur 18mois (du 1er janvier 2008 au 30 juin 2009) Elle a concerne tous les patients admis aux urgences chirurgicales du CHUSS pour un traumatisme balistique recent. Les caracteristiques demographiques, diagnostiques ainsi que le traitement et l'evolution a cours terme des patients ont ete notes. Resultats Trente neuf patients repondaient aux criteres d'inclusion. Le sexe masculin etait le plus touche (87,2% L'age moyen a ete de 28 ans. Les cultivateurs et les commercants etaient les principales victimes (71,8% Le traumatisme etait d'origine accidentelle dans 58,9% Le siege le plus frequent des lesions a ete l'appareil locomoteur avec une predominance au membre thoracique. Tous les patients ont beneficie d'un parage des plaies, d'une prophylaxie antitetanique et antibiotique. Les fractures et luxations ont ete traitees orthopediquement dans 10 cas et chirurgicalement dans 5 cas. Sept patients ont ete amputes secondairement. Le taux de mortalite intra hospitaliere etait de 10,3% (n=4) Conclusion Les traumatismes balistiques sont peu frequents dans notre centre mais responsables d'une morbi mortalite elevee. Une politique rigoureuse de controle des armes a feu et une meilleure education des populations pourraient reduire l'incidence de ces traumatismes en pratique civile. Mots cles Traumatisme, Arme a feu, Chirurgie, Bobo Dioulasso. ABSTRACT Background: This study was conducted to describe the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of gunshot injuries at Souro Sanou University Hospital in Bobo Dioulasso. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study over 18 months (January 2008 to June 2009) It concerned all patients admitted with a recent gunshot injury. The demographic characteristics, diagnosis and treatment and short term course of patients were noted. Results: Thirty nine patients were admitted for gunshot injury during the study period. The male was the most affected gender (87.2% The average age was 28 years. Farmers and traders were the most affected (71.8% of cases) The aetiology of trauma was mostly accidental (58.9% The most common injury was musculoskeletal (n 34) with a predominance of upper extremity. We noted 15 cases of fractures and 6 cases of dislocation of member, 2 cases of neurotrauma (brain and spinal cord) and 2 cases of digestive visceral lesions. All patients received debridement of wounds, a tetanus and antibiotic prophylaxis. Fractures and dislocations have benefited from a non surgical treatment in 10 cases and surgery and in 5 cases. Seven patients were amputated secondarily. The mortality rate was 10.3% (n=4) Conclusion: Gunshot injury are uncommon but serious in our center. A policy of strict control of firearms and better educated populations could reduce the incidence of such injuries in civilian practice. Keywords Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso, Gunshot, Injury, Surgery.