Methodology of optimum unit commitment of energy systems with renewable energy sources
One of the promising ways to improve the reliability and efficiency of power supply for customers in the areas remote from central electrical grid is the use of hybrid power systems with renewable energy sources. The primary task of designing such systems is the unit commitment of the generating equipment that provides the optimal technical and economic indexes of the electric power system. The stochastic nature of generation and nonlinearity of the characteristics of power plants cause a high complexity of solving this problem, which, from a mathematical point of view, is formulated as an optimization problem. An accurate and reliable solution of this optimization problem increases the efficiency of design and operation of hybrid electric power systems with renewable energy sources. And it is a vital task of modern power industry. A probabilistic statistical methods and models for the analysis of experimental data are used to construct climatic time series and graphs of electrical loads. In addition, to study the operating modes of the electric power system the MatLab system is used for the simulation and modeling, and an evolutionary particle swarm algorithm is used to solve the optimization problem. The original model of solar radiation is used as a part of this methodology. This model provides forecasting the key characteristics of solar radiation in any geographical point of Russia including the areas that have no results of routine actinometric observation. Weibull distribution function is used to forecast daily variations of wind speed. It enhances the validity of forecasting of electricity generation of wind driven power plant at daily time interval. As a result of the research, a method of optimum unit commitment has been developed for the equipment of electric power systems based on renewable energy sources. The use of the particle swarm algorithm as a part of the methodology provides reliable and accurate determination of the extremum of the objective function, which increases the efficiency of design and operation of hybrid electric power systems with renewable energy sources. The method has been tested on practical examples of optimum unit commitment for the equipment of electric power systems of various configurations and has proven its effectiveness. The technique is implemented as a software application, which ensures the convenience of its practical application. The obtained results can be used by companies involved in the design and operation of electric power systems using renewable energy generating units.