An Enterprise Control Methodology for the Techno Economic Assessment of the Energy Water Nexus
In recent years, the energy water nexus literature has recognized that the electricity and water infrastructure that enable the production, distribution, and consumption of these two commodities is fundamentally intertwined. Electric power is used to produce, treat, distribute, and recycle water while water is used to generate and consume electricity. In the meantime, significant attention has been given to renewable energy integration within the context of global climate change. While these two issues may seem unrelated, their resolution is potentially synergistic in that renewable energy technologies not only present low CO2 emissions but also low water intensities. Furthermore, because water is readily stored, it has the potential to act as a flexible energy resource on both the supply and the demand side of the electricity grid. Despite these synergies, the renewable energy integration and energy water nexus literature have yet to methodologically converge to systematically address potential synergies. This paper advances an enterprise control methodology as a means of assessing the techno economic performance of the energy water nexus. The enterprise control methodology has been developed in recent years to advance the methodological state of the art of renewable energy integration studies and used recently to carry out a full scale study for the Independent System Operator (ISO) New England system. The methodology quantifies day ahead and real time energy market production costs, dispatched energy mixes, required operating reserves, levels of curtailment, and grid imbalances. This energy water nexus methodological extension now includes flexible water energy resources within the grid's energy resource portfolio and quantifies the amounts of water withdrawn and consumed. The simulation methodology is demonstrated on a modified version of the RTS 96 (RTS GMLC) test case.
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