Crime Analysis and Management System for Sri Lanka Police
The prediction of the grave crimes shows that the security agencies and police departments must bear a high burden of the criminals in larger numbers than the past, because of the increasing number of crimes and criminals in Sri Lanka. The continuous trend of crime management was very tedious and manual crime recording and investigating system has resulted inefficient crime analysis. Therefore, the analysis of crime data has become a huge burden for the crime officers and investigators who handle the records and investigates. This paper presents an efficient method to analyse and manage the crime records which are collected from the web users, historical records, websites and news sites. Using the concept of data mining we can extract previously unknown, useful information from an unstructured data. Here we have a clear approach among computer science and criminal justice to develop a procedure of data mining that can help to solve crimes faster. Crime Analysis and Management System (CAMS) will provide better prospective for the enhancement of security agencies regarding the quality and transparency. Finally, this paper to show the interest of not only to those working on related systems but also to those with a general interest in how advanced software technologies can be applied to national security agencies for their challenging application areas. Keywords Grave crimes, Generate Reports, Crime Analysis and Management System (CAMS) Datamining I.INTRODUCTION From recent years there is an increase of computer usage within the Police Forces of Sri Lanka, not just in general administration (e.g. accounts management, human resource management, e mail, general office suites etc. also as an important tool to support the primary business activity of policing (preventing and solving) crime. Increasing crime rates and (greater awareness of modern criminals) puts a strain on existing methods and techniques. No security agencies are immune to crimes. In 2018 alone, there were 36355 reported crime incidents, and 3287 of those were victimless crimes and some are through web application flaws.(Fig.1) There is a clear need for the application of advanced software technologies to make the best use of limited resources in Sri Lanka. Presently in many fields' usage of the desktop applications such as Microsoft Excel were adopted, thereby causing the approach to become both manual and slightly computerized system in Sri Lanka. Later, this method of record keeping results in inconsistencies, improper use of disk space and poor management and coordination of data. The occurrence of this method resulted from reasons such as Insufficient funding, Data duplication and extortion, Absence of necessary skills and resources for the statistical and information management. Figure.1: Reported total crimes in Sri Lanka Considerably increasing crime rate cannot be predicted neither systematic nor random. According to Sri Lanka Police Crime statistics; crimes like theft, extorsions, arson etc have been decreased while manufacture of dangerous drugs, sex abuse, robbery etc have been increased. Even though the prediction of criminals cannot be done but the prediction of trends and patterns can help to identify the probability of the crimes and it's occurrence. The analysed results of CAM system cannot be assured of 100% accuracy, but our result helps in reducing the crime rate to a certain extent by considering the trends, patterns of the crime and providing security in crime sensitive areas. The data used by the Crime analysing system is stored in a centralized database which holds information about criminals, crimes and official and unofficial users of the system. The database is the core unit for all actions in the system and can be easily updated and used to aid in all of the system's processes, and all of the necessary information is stored in one central location and thus is Proceedings of 12th International Research Conference 2019, KDU 296 easily accessible. Furthermore, the proper handling of the system's centralized database will allow functions such as crime report generation and statistical analysis of crime data. Main objective of this paper is to provide a complete view for a software system which can help to analyse the crime and change the manual working patterns which are practiced by Police forces in Sri Lanka. Identifying a crime patterns using the classified data records. Clustering techniques will work better to detect the newer and unknown crime patterns in future. The advantages of the proposed system are as follows effective data handling, reduced time consumption, reduction of the cost. efficient operations provide support for gathering and recording case data, prediction of crime patterns, visualized view of analysed crime data. II. LITERATURE REVIEW In this section let's consider about the Sri Lankan daily practice of complaints recording, crime recording, and the operational crime analysts aims to provide a detailed task description and task analysis based on expert interviews and the literature. To elaborate upon the problems faced by crime officers, analysts and their demands touched upon in the introductory section and introduces requirements for a system that supports crime management and analysis during the complaints recording, report generation, prediction of accused and that aims to reduce errors on the duties of national security agencies. (Anon. May 2015) The objective of crime analysis to find meaningful information in the vast amounts of available data and to disseminate this information to investigators in the field to assist in the efforts to solve crimes, apprehend criminals, and to suppress criminal activity. A. Computerised crime systems for dealing with crimes Most crimes around Sri Lanka have a serious nature to the whole society according to the type of crimes that occur. Considerably, the individual crimes are of a less serious nature to the whole society (although still serious to the victims) The crop volume of those crimes creates a different type of problem for the investigator. The entering of complaints and managing them according to the chronological for their daily routine activities face a major fail as the investigators and crime officers mostly maintain a manual system for the crime management and analysis. The lack of resources for detailed investigation of any one particular crime creates problem in both solving a crime and preventing similar future crimes. (Calhoun, 2008) The challenge for advanced software is to apply modern crime management procedures, report generation and crime analysis techniques to alleviate the problem. B. Complaints management system This system was aimed at the implementation of managing the complaint records in a system. It is also a database system in which the police department keep the record of criminals who have been arrested, to be arrested, or escaped. This system will help the police department in improved quality of managing the information. The main existence in the whole process include; the petitioner (the person who files a First Incident Report (FIR) victim, accused or criminal, case, and investigating officer. The CMS keeps petitioner records, victim, accused, FIR, case and investigation officer entities. The system's strength state that it allows for storage of multiple data for a criminal. A weakness observed in the system however, is that it lacks in covering all the necessary entities required for a CMS built for the national security agencies, it has no graphical user interface; as only the database was designed, there is no proper dissimilarity between an accused and the criminal in the system, there is no generation of crime analysis and report. C. Existing Crime Investigation and Analysis Techniques The invited paper on towards crime investigation clearly state about the existing crime investigation and analysis technique. Collect crimes, find links between crimes, and develop profiles of Criminals and criminal network detection are some of the most common areas of data mining applied in crime analysis. Association analysis, classification and prediction analysis, and external analysis are some of the traditional data mining techniques that can be used to define patterns in Structured data. New data collection techniques help to identify patterns in both structured and unstructured data. The concept of space concept was used in COPLINK project (COPLINK is a comprehensive crime investigation and analysis system which has incorporated a collection of data mining tools to support the investigation process) for the extraction of criminal relations from accident summaries networks have been established likely suspects by measuring the combined weight of two criminals. (Schroeder, 2002) The single link hierarchical assembly was used to split the grid into subgroups and model the ban. The approach was used to determine patterns of interaction between subgroups central measures such as degree, it has been used between proximity and proximity to reveal key roles between each group, such as commanders and gatekeepers. Social Network Analysis (SNA) is a technique used to identify closely relevant population groupings. Therefore, it can be used for exploring criminal organizations in a huge number of criminal records in databases. (Anon. May 2015) Sargo Union is a mining company there are two official mining applications control. It can be used to find bomb attacks crimes committed by one convict only criminals can involve criminals. Therefore, this method is commonly Proceedings of 12th International Research Conference 2019, KDU 297 used sexual genital mutilation and sequential killing. This is the task of finding and discovering related methods link analysis among people, weapons and organizations. The purpose of this system is crime laws seem invisible. The surface is truly interconnected. You can charge crime connections to cri