The challenges and opportunities of online learning during Covid 19 pandemic
challenges; Covid 19; digital migration methods; online learning; opportunities As the Covid 19 pandemic continues to spread over a year after the original outbreak, it is critical to have an open mind about the innovations Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) have implemented to keep teaching going, as they may help HEIs if appropriately implemented. The pandemic has caused many activities, including traditional educational activities, to be shut down. This has necessitated a vast wave of response migration for HEIs with Online Learning (OL) as the educational platform. This paper conducts desk research to review the challenges and opportunities of OL during Covid 19 pandemic. It was apparent that OL is different from emergency remote teaching, and as a result, OL is more justifiable. The unique aspects of the crisis response migration strategies of HEIs, teachers, and learners were discussed. Our findings offer insights for HEIs and especially educational managers, teachers, and learners to be aware of such challenges and opportunities to deal with them.