Nonadiabatic electron wavepacket dynamics of molecules in an intense optical field: an ab initio electronic state study.
A theory of quantum electron wavepacket dynamics that nonadiabatically couples with classical nuclear motions in intense optical fields is studied. The formalism is intended to track the laser driven electron wavepackets in terms of the linear combination of configuration state functions generated with ab initio molecular orbitals. Beginning with the total quantum Hamiltonian for electrons and nuclei in the vector potential of classical electromagnetic field, we reduce the Hamiltonian into a mixed quantum classical representation by replacing the quantum nuclear momentum operators with the classical counterparts. This framework gives equations of motion for electron wavepackets in an intense laser field through the time dependent variational principle. On the other hand, a generalization of the Newtonian equations provides a matrix form of forces acting on the nuclei for nonadiabatic dynamics. A mean field approximation to the force matrix reduces this higher order formalism to the semiclassical Ehrenfest theory in intense optical fields. To bring these theories into a practical quantum chemical package for general molecules, we have implemented the relevant ab initio algorithms in it. Some numerical results in the level of the semiclassical Ehrenfest type theory with explicit use of the nuclear kinematic (derivative) coupling and the velocity form for the optical interaction are presented.
The Journal of chemical physics