The Mediating Effect of Crisis Management on Leadership Styles and Hotel Performance in Jordan
Research scholars have argued that the emergence of the crisis in the Middle East have led to significant changes in business performance. This has been most notable in the hotels operating in the Jordanian tourist sector, thus, creating a need to investigate leadership styles, crisis management, and hotel performance in a holistic framework. However, this is quite lacking in the literature, and this needs to be addressed. Transformational leadership style and transactional leadership styles are the independent variables, crisis management is the mediating variable and hotel performance is the dependent variable. A quantitative study that used a self administered questionnaire was carried out on 3 star to 5 star hotels operating in Jordan. The Partial Least Squares (PLS) method as part of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was applied to analyse the causal relationships between constructs using the software application Smart PLS 3.0. The Partial Least Squares approach was chosen according to the research's exploratory nature. In order to analyze data two step approach was utilized; the first step was to test the reliability and validity of the constructs in the measurement models, the second step was to test research hypotheses in the structural models. The results show that transformational leadership has significant positive effects on hotel performance and crisis management. Transactional leadership had a significant positive effect on crisis management and crisis management had significant positive effects on hotel performance. Moreover, crisis management partially mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and hotel performance; while the relationship between transactional leadership and hotel performance was fully mediated by crisis management. These findings will help to strengthen the discussion in the extant literature.