GUIDED BONE REGENERATION (GBR) USING COLLAGEN MEMBRANE BARRIER TECHNIQUE FOR PRESERVATION OF THE ALVEOLAR BONE FOLLOWING TOOTH EXTRACTION
Alveolar ridge resorption is a phenomenon observed following the removal of the teeth in an otherwise healthy individual. The conditions appears to be progressive and irreversible, resulting in a host of esthetic and functional problems. Post extraction bone loss is accelerated in the first 6 months, followed by a gradual modelling( changes in size and shape) and remodeling (turn over existing bone) of the remaining bone as 40% of the alveolar height and 60% of the alveolar width lost in the first 6 months. Current methods used to prevent ridge resorption include placement of particulate autografts, allografts, alloplasts and xenografts. These biomaterials present advantages and disadvantages and depending on their structure and biochemical composition, may be resorbabale and nonresorbabale. Guided bone regeneration(GBR) is a technique in which bone growth is enhanced by maintaining the space and preventing soft tissue in growth in the area utilizing either a resorbable or non resorbable barrier membrane. GBR has become a predictable surgical technique to enhance ne bone formation in alveolar ridge augmentation, even though it is being highly technique sensitive and requires high surgical skill. The main surgical goal in application of GBR is protecting the space for bone regeneration underneath the membrane barrier, permitting blood clot stability and migration of osteogenic cells, and excludes soft tissue penetration. A wide variety of barrier membrane has been used in numerous studies over the years, eg, expanded poly tetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE collagen, polyglycolic acid and polygalactin 910. The aim of our present study is to determine the effectiveness of bone graft material and collagen membrane in preserving the dimesions of extraction sockets in ridge preservation groups during 6 month healing period compare to tooth extraction alone group.