Region Attention Networks for Pose and Occlusion Robust Facial Expression Recognition
Occlusion and pose variations, which can change facial appearance significantly, are two major obstacles for automatic Facial Expression Recognition (FER) Though automatic FER has made substantial progresses in the past few decades, occlusion robust and pose invariant issues of FER have received relatively less attention, especially in real world scenarios. This paper addresses the real world pose and occlusion robust FER problem in the following aspects. First, to stimulate the research of FER under real world occlusions and variant poses, we annotate several in the wild FER datasets with pose and occlusion attributes for the community. Second, we propose a novel Region Attention Network (RAN) to adaptively capture the importance of facial regions for occlusion and pose variant FER. The RAN aggregates and embeds varied number of region features produced by a backbone convolutional neural network into a compact fixed length representation. Last, inspired by the fact that facial expressions are mainly defined by facial action units, we propose a region biased loss to encourage high attention weights for the most important regions. We validate our RAN and region biased loss on both our built test datasets and four popular datasets: FERPlus, AffectNet, RAF DB, and SFEW. Extensive experiments show that our RAN and region biased loss largely improve the performance of FER with occlusion and variant pose. Our method also achieves state of the art results on FERPlus, AffectNet, RAF DB, and SFEW. Code and the collected test data will be publicly available.
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing