Association of Rotavirus Vaccination With the Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes in Children
Introduction Rotavirus (RV) infection has been associated with the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children.1 Rotavirus infection triggers pancreatic apoptosis in mice, and RV peptides display molecular mimicry with T cell epitopes in pancreatic b cell autoantigens.2 We hypothesized that if natural infection with RV was a causative factor in T1D, then RV vaccination would decrease the incidence of disease over time. Therefore, using publicly available data, we examined the incidence of T1D in Australian children before and after the oral RV vaccine was introduced to the Australian National Immunisation Program in 2007.
JAMA pediatrics