Constituent Composition and Biological Activity of Essential Oil from Artemisia gurganica
Artemisia gurganica (Krasch. Filat. (Asteraceae) is a dwarf shrub 40 50 cm in height that is endemic to clayey deserts of western Kazakhstan [1] 5,7,3 ,4 Tetrahydroxy 6,5 dimethoxyflavone was isolated previously from this species [2] However, the constituent composition of the essential oil was not studied. Herein, we present results for the composition of essential oil from A. gurganica from western Kazakhstan and its cytotoxic activity. Aerial parts (leaves, flower heads, stems) of the plant collected during budding flowering in the vicinity of the western Karatau Mountains (Mangystau Oblast) in August 2014 were investigated. Specimens were preserved in the herbarium of the Mangyshlak Experimental Botanical Garden, herbarium code 06.15.2014BD Plant Kz. Essential oils were obtained from dried ground aerial parts using steam distillation in a Clevenger apparatus for 2 h [3] with pentane as a trap. The yield was 0.2% The constituent composition of A. gurganica essential oil was determined on a Clarus SQ 8 GC (PerkinElmer) with a mass spectrometric detector (MSD) Essential oil sample preparation used accurately weighed plant essential oil ~25 mg) in a 25 mL volumetric flask that was dissolved in hexane (15 mL) adjusted to the mark, and stirred until the oil was thoroughly mixed (totally dissolved) Chromatography Conditions. GC parameters (mode) column, Rxi 1MS, 30 m 0.25 mm, stationary phase film thickness 0.25 m, injected sample volume 1.0 L, vaporizer temperature 280degC, thermostat program (column temperature) 40degC (0 min) with heating at 2degC/min to 280degC, He carrier gas at 1 mL/min; and flow division 1:25. MSD parameters (mode) interface temperature 280degC, ion source temperature 240degC, electron impact ionization at 70 eV, mass scan range 39 500 amu, scan rate 2305 amu/s (Da/s) The NIST 2014 library of spectra was used to identify the constituents. The percent contents of the extract constituents were calculated by internal normalization of the constituent peak areas. Table 1 shows that the major constituents of the volatiles from A. gurganica were 1,8 cineol (46.1% camphor (18.9) trans 2,8 p menthadien 1 ol (3.3) and camphene (2.9) The cytotoxic activity of the essential oil was determined by the literature method [4] It was concluded based on the results that A. gurganica essential oil exhibited cytotoxic activity (96 and 88% lethality) at concentrations of 10 and 5 mg/mL and was inactive at a concentration of 1 mg/mL (31% lethality) Antiradical activity of the essential oil was determined by the literature method [5, 6] It was found that it exhibited low antiradical activity at concentrations (mg/mL) of 0.1 (6.67% 0.5 (8.54) and 1 (9.00)
Chemistry of Natural Compounds