Spectrum aware cross layered routing protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc networks
Abstract Cognitive radio network has been proposed as a promising technology to satisfy the manifold requirements of future generation (5G) wireless system by intelligently accessing the underutilized channel of a primary user. However, due to the heterogeneity in channel propagation characteristics, intermittent availability of licensed channel, recurrent hand offs, and need of a protection to primary users, finding a successful route is more challenging. Also, incorporation of opportunistic spectrum access in cognitive radio network requires a potential spectrum management functions across the network layers. Hence, a cross layered channel assignment algorithm and routing algorithm is proposed for a cognitive radio ad hoc network which can overcome above mentioned challenges and provide a stable path for routing of data packets. A novel metric, for the probability of successful transmission of a channel is derived by considering channel statistics, sensing periodicity of the cognitive user, and time varying channel quality. Also, the number of available channels and their characteristics is considered for the selection of a next hop node with an aim to avoid the one hop neighbors located in the PU transmission range. The proposed routing protocol is simulated in ns 2 and compared with the existing similar protocols. The performance shows that the proposed algorithm performs better in terms of throughput, end to end delay, number of spectrum hand offs, and interference to the primary user in a significant manner.
Comput. Commun.