120492049
Octupole degree of freedom for nuclei near 152Sm in a reflection-asymmetric relativistic mean-field approach
The potential energy surfaces of even-even isotopes near 152Sm are investigated within the constrained reflection-asymmetric relativistic mean-field approach using parameter sets PK1 and NL3. It is shown that the critical-point candidate nucleus 152Sm marks the shape/phase transition not only from U(5) to SU(3) symmetry, but also from the octupole deformed ground state in 150Sm to the quadrupole deformed ground state in 154Sm. The important role of the octupole deformation driving pair (?2f7/2, ?1i13/2) is demonstrated based on the components of the single-particle levels near the Fermi surface. In addition, the patterns of both the proton and the neutron octupole deformation driving pairs (?2f7/2, ?1i13/2) and (?2d5/2, ?1h11/2) are investigated.
55936188
Effect of time-odd mean fields on inertial parameters of the quadrupole collective Hamiltonian
Most current implementations of the quadrupole collective Hamiltonian model do not include the contributions of time-odd mean fields to the moments of inertia and mass parameters (Thouless-Valatin dynamical rearrangement contributions). A hybrid model is introduced that allows a quantitative estimate of these contributions to the inertial functions of a five- dimensional collective Hamiltonian based on microscopic energy density functionals. Fully self-consistent constrained relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov calculations of triaxial energy surfaces in the β−γ plane are used to determine the parameters of an equivalent pairing-plus-quadrupole (P+Q) Hamiltonian. This Hamiltonian is employed in constrained Hartree-Fock- Bogoliubov (CHFB) plus local quasiparticle random-phase approximation (LQRPA) calculation of the deformation- dependent corrections to the Inglis-Belyaev moments of inertia and cranking mass parameters. This hybrid model is used to evaluate the influence of time-odd mean fields on vibrational and rotational collective masses and investigate their effect on the low-energy collective excitation spectra and transition rates of γ-soft Xe and Ba nuclei.
119380637
Elliptic Flow and System Size Dependence of Transition Energies at Intermediate Energies
The elliptic flow for Z <= 2 particles in heavy ion collisions at energies from several tens to several hundreds MeV per nucleon is investigated by means of a transport model, i.e., a new version of the improved quantum molecular dynamics model (ImQMD05). This model employs a complete Skyrme potential energy density functional. The influence of different effective interactions and medium corrections of nucleon-nucleon cross sections on the elliptic flow are studied. Our results show that a soft nuclear equation of state and incident energy dependent in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross sections are required to describe the excitation function of the elliptic flow at intermediate energies. The size dependence of transition energies for the elliptic flow at intermediate energies is also studied. The system size dependence of transition energies fits a power of system size with an exponent of 0.223.
118411931
Temperature dependence of single-particle properties in nuclear matter
The single-nucleon potential in hot nuclear matter is investigated in the framework of the Brueckner theory by adopting the realistic Argonne V{sub 18} or Nijmegen 93 two-body nucleon-nucleon interaction supplemented by a microscopic three-body force. The rearrangement contribution to the single-particle potential induced by the ground state correlations is calculated in terms of the hole-line expansion of the mass operator and provides a significant repulsive contribution in the low-momentum region around and below the Fermi surface. Increasing temperature leads to a reduction of the effect, while increasing density makes it become stronger. The three-body force suppresses somewhat the ground state correlations due to its strong short-range repulsion, increasing with density. Inclusion of the three-body force contribution results in a quite different temperature dependence of the single-particle potential at high enough densities as compared to that adopting the pure two-body force. The effects of three-body force and ground state correlations on the nucleon effective mass are also discussed.
8355559
Improved quantum molecular dynamics model and its applications to fusion reaction near barrier
An improved quantum molecular dynamics model is developed. By using this model, the properties of ground state of nuclei from Li-6 to Pb-208 are described very well with one set of parameters. The fusion reactions for Ca-40+Zr-90, Ca-40+Zr-96, and Ca-48+Zr-90 at energies near the barrier are studied by this model. The experimental data of the fusion cross sections for Ca-40+Zr-90,Zr-96 at energies near the barrier are reproduced remarkably well without introducing any new parameters. The mechanism for the enhancement of the fusion cross sections for neutron-rich nuclear reaction near barrier is analyzed.
119240370
FOSSIL EVIDENCE FOR THE TWO-PHASE FORMATION OF ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES
Massive early-type galaxies (ETGs) have undergone dramatic structural evolution over the last 10 Gyr. A companion paper shows that nearby elliptical galaxies with M{sub *} {>=} 1.3 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 11} M{sub Sun} generically contain three photometric subcomponents: a compact inner component with effective radius R{sub e} {approx}< 1 kpc, an intermediate-scale middle component with R{sub e} Almost-Equal-To 2.5 kpc, and an extended outer envelope with R{sub e} Almost-Equal-To 10 kpc. Here we attempt to relate these substructures with the properties of ETGs observed at higher redshifts. We find that a hypothetical structure formed from combining the inner and middle components of local ellipticals follows a strikingly tight stellar mass-size relation, one that resembles the distribution of ETGs at z Almost-Equal-To 1. Outside of the central kpc, the median stellar mass surface density profiles of this composite structure agree closest with those of massive galaxies that have similar cumulative number density at 1.5 < z < 2.0 within the uncertainty. We propose that the central substructures in nearby ellipticals are the evolutionary descendants of the ''red nuggets'' formed under highly dissipative (''wet'') conditions at high redshifts, as envisioned in the initial stages of the two-phase formation scenario recently advocated for massivemore » galaxies. Subsequent accretion, plausibly through dissipationless (''dry'') minor mergers, builds the outer regions of the galaxy identified as the outer envelope in our decomposition. The large scatter exhibited by this component on the stellar mass-size plane testifies to the stochastic nature of the accretion events.« less
118196061
The Self-Consistent RBUU Approach for Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions