29083543
THE DEEP SWIRE FIELD. IV. FIRST PROPERTIES OF THE SUB-mJy GALAXY POPULATION: REDSHIFT DISTRIBUTION, AGN ACTIVITY, AND STAR FORMATION
We present a study of a 20 cm selected sample in the Deep Spitzer Wide-area InfraRed Extragalactic Legacy Survey Very Large Array Field, reaching a 5σ limiting flux density at the image center of S_(1.4 GHz) ~ 13.5 μJy. In a 0.6 × 0.6 deg^2 field, we are able to assign an optical/IR counterpart to 97% of the radio sources. Up to 11 passbands from the NUV to 4.5 μm are then used to sample the spectral energy distribution (SED) of these counterparts in order to investigate the nature of the host galaxies. By means of an SED template library and stellar population synthesis models, we estimate photometric redshifts, stellar masses, and stellar population properties, dividing the sample into three sub-classes of quiescent, intermediate, and star-forming galaxies. We focus on the radio sample in the redshift range 0.3 < z < 1.3 where we estimate to have a redshift completeness higher than 90% and study the properties and redshift evolution of these sub-populations. We find that, as expected, the relative contributions of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and star-forming galaxies to the μJy population depend on the flux density limit of the sample. At all flux levels, a significant population of "green-valley" galaxies is observed. While the actual nature of these sources is not definitely understood, the results of this work may suggest that a significant fraction of faint radio sources might be composite (and possibly transition) objects, thus a simple "AGN versus star-forming" classification might not be appropriate to fully understand what faint radio populations really are.
119117635
ALMA SUBMILLIMETER CONTINUUM IMAGING OF THE HOST GALAXIES OF GRB 021004 AND GRB 080607
We report 345 GHz continuum observations of the host galaxies of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) 021004 and 080607 at z > 2 using the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Cycle 0. Of the two bursts, GRB 021004 is one of the few GRBs that originate in a Lyman limit host, while GRB 080607 is classified as a 'dark burst' and its host galaxy is a candidate of dusty star-forming galaxy at z {approx} 3. With an order of magnitude improvement in the sensitivities of the new imaging searches, we detect the host galaxy of GRB 080607 with a flux of S{sub 345} = 0.31 {+-} 0.09 mJy and a corresponding infrared luminosity of L{sub IR} = (2.4-4.5) Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 11} L{sub Sun }. However, the host galaxy of GRB 021004 remains undetected and the ALMA observations allow us to place a 3{sigma} upper limit of L{sub IR} < 3.1 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 11} L{sub Sun} for the host galaxy. The continuum imaging observations show that the two galaxies are not ultraluminous infrared galaxies, but are at the faintest end of the dusty galaxy population that gives rise to the submillimeter extragalactic background light. The derived star formation rates of the twomore » GRB host galaxies are less than 100 M{sub Sun} yr{sup -1}, which are broadly consistent with optical measurements. The result suggests that the large extinction (A{sub V} {approx} 3) in the afterglow of GRB 080607 is confined along its particularly dusty sight line, and not representative of the global properties of the host galaxy.« less
118328393
Clustering Properties of BzK-selected Galaxies in GOODS-N: Environmental Quenching and Triggering of Star Formation at z ~ 2
Using a sample of BzK-selected galaxies at z ~ 2 identified from the CFHT/WIRCAM near-infrared survey of GOODS-North, we discuss the relation between star formation rate (SFR), specific star formation rate (SSFR), and stellar mass (M *), and the clustering of galaxies as a function of these parameters. For star-forming galaxies (sBzKs), the UV-based SFR, corrected for extinction, scales with the stellar mass as SFR∝M α * with α = 0.74 ± 0.20 down to M * ~ 109 M ☉, indicating a weak dependence on the stellar mass of the SFR efficiency, namely, SSFR. We also measure the angular correlation function and hence infer the correlation length for sBzK galaxies as a function of M *, SFR, and SSFR, as well as K-band apparent magnitude. We show that passive galaxies (pBzKs) are more strongly clustered than sBzK galaxies at a given stellar mass, mirroring the color-density relation seen at lower redshifts. We also find that the correlation length of sBzK galaxies ranges from 4 to 20 h –1 Mpc, being a strong function of MK , M *, and SFR. On the other hand, the clustering dependence on SSFR changes abruptly at 2 × 10–9 yr–1, which is the typical value for "main-sequence" star-forming galaxies at z ~ 2. We show that the correlation length reaches a minimum at this characteristic value, and is larger for galaxies with both smaller and larger SSFRs; a dichotomy that is only marginally implied from the predictions of the semi-analytical models. Our results suggest that there are two types of environmental effects at work at z ~ 2. Stronger clustering for relatively quiescent galaxies implies that the environment has started to play a role in quenching star formation. At the same time, stronger clustering for galaxies with elevated SSFRs ("starbursts") might be attributed to an increased efficiency for galaxy interactions and mergers in dense environments.
119104367
Ultradeep KS Imaging in the GOODS-N
We present an ultradeep KS -band image that covers 0.5 × 0.5 deg2 centered on the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey-North (GOODS-N). The image reaches a 5σ depth of in the GOODS-N region, which is as deep as the GOODS-N Spitzer Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) 3.6 μm image. We present a new method of constructing IRAC catalogs that uses the higher spatial resolution KS image and catalog as priors and iteratively subtracts fluxes from the IRAC images to estimate the IRAC fluxes. Our iterative method is different from the χ2 approach adopted by other groups. We verified our results using data taken in two different epochs of observations, as well as by comparing our colors with the colors of stars and with the colors derived from model spectral energy distributions of galaxies at various redshifts. We make available to the community our WIRCam KS -band image and catalog (94,951 objects in 0.25 deg2), the Interactive Data Language pipeline used for reducing the WIRCam images, and our IRAC 3.6-8.0 μm catalog (16,950 objects in 0.06 deg2 at 3.6 μm). With this improved KS and IRAC catalog and a large spectroscopic sample from our previous work, we study the color-magnitude and color-color diagrams of galaxies. We compare the effectiveness of using KS and IRAC colors to select active galactic nuclei and galaxies at various redshifts. We also study a color selection of z = 0.65-1.2 galaxies using the KS , 3.6 μm, and 4.5 μm bands.
119180967
A KS AND IRAC SELECTION OF HIGH-REDSHIFT EXTREMELY RED OBJECTS*
In order to find the most extreme dust-hidden high-redshift galaxies, we select 196 extremely red objects in the K{sub S} and Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) bands (KIEROs, [K{sub s} - 4.5 {mu}m]{sub AB} > 1.6) in the 0.06 deg{sup 2} Great Observatories Origins Deep Surveys-North (GOODS-N) region. This selection avoids the Balmer breaks of galactic spectra at z 2 massive galaxies in rapid formation. Our results show that a large sample of dusty ultraluminous sources can be selected in this way and that a large fraction of high-redshift star formation is hidden by dust.« less
73576245
Submillimeter Sources behind the Massive Lensing Clusters A370 and A2390
We report 850 μm Submillimeter Array (SMA) observations of four gravitationally lensed submillimeter galaxies (SMGs), A370-2, A2390-1, A2390-3, and A2390-4, which were originally discovered with the Submillimeter Common-User Bolometer Array (SCUBA). Our SMA detection of A370-2 with a submillimeter flux of 7.95 ± 0.60 mJy unambiguously identifies the counterparts to this source at optical and radio wavelengths. A2390-1 is an ultraluminous infrared galaxy with a submillimeter flux of 5.55 ± 0.92 mJy and a redshift of 1.8 ± 0.2 computed from submillimeter/radio flux ratio analysis. We resolve A2390-3 into two components, A2390-3a and A2390-3b, with fluxes of 3.15 ± 0.63 mJy and 1.92 ± 0.60 mJy, respectively. The structure of the system could be consistent with morphological distortion by gravitational lensing. The lack of counterparts in the optical and infrared indicates a heavily dust-enshrouded nature, and a non-detection in the radio implies that these two sources probably lie at z > 4.7, which would make them among the most distant SMGs known to date. Our non-detection of A2390-4 suggests either that there are multiple fainter submillimeter sources within the SCUBA beam or that the SCUBA detection may have been false. Our precise positions allow us to determine accurate amplifications and fluxes for all of our detected sources. Our new results give a shallower power-law fit (–1.10) to the faint-end 850 μm cumulative number counts than previous work. We emphasize the need for high-resolution observations of single dish detected SMGs in order to measure accurately the faint end of the 850 μm counts.
117196215
Studies of non-standard effects in atmospheric neutrino oscillations of Super-Kamiokande
119115457
Light dark matter in NMSSM and implication on Higgs phenomenology
For the experimental search of neutralino dark matter, it is important to know its allowed mass and scattering cross section with the nucleon. In order to figure out how light a neutralino dark matter can be predicted in low energy supersymmetry, we scan over the parameter space of the NMSSM (next-to-minimal supersymmetric model), assuming all the relevant soft mass parameters to be below TeV scale. We find that in the parameter space allowed by current experiments the neutralino dark matter can be as light as a few GeV and its scattering rate off the nucleon can reach the sensitivity of XENON100 and CoGeNT. As a result, a sizable parameter space is excluded by the current XENON100 and CoGeNT data (the plausible CoGeNT dark matter signal can also be explained). The future 6000 kg-days exposure of XENON100 will further explore (but cannot completely cover) the remained parameter space. Moreover, we find that in such a light dark matter scenario a light CP-even or CP-odd Higgs boson must be present to satisfy the measured dark matter relic density. Consequently, the SM-like Higgs boson h(SM) may decay predominantly into a pair of light Higgs bosons or a pair of neutralinos so that the conventional decays like h(SM) -> gamma gamma is much suppressed. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
115397124
omega phi STATES IN CHIRAL QUARK MODEL
The omega phi states with spin S = 0, 1 and 2 are dynamically studied in a chiral SU(3) quark model by solving the resonating group method (RCM) equation. It is found that the interactions of omega phi systems are attractive, while no omega phi bound state or resonance state is obtained due to the insufficiency of the strength of omega phi attractions.
118655875
Split-SUSY dark matter in light of direct detection limits
We examine the present and future XENON limits on the neutralino dark matter in split supersymmetry (split-SUSY). Through a scan over the parameter space under the current constraints from collider experiments and the WMAP measurement of the dark matter relic density, we find that in the allowed parameter space a large part has been excluded by the present XENON100 limits and a further largish part can be covered by the future exposure (6000 kg day). In case of unobservation of dark matter with such an exposure in the future, the lightest neutralino will remain bino-like and its annihilation is mainly through exchanging the SM-like Higgs boson in order to get the required relic density. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
119244677
Target mass monitoring and instrumentation in the Daya Bay antineutrino detectors
The Daya Bay experiment measures sin 22θ13 using functionally identical antineutrino detectors located at distances of 300 to 2000 meters from the Daya Bay nuclear power complex. Each detector consists of three nested fluid volumes surrounded by photomultiplier tubes. These volumes are coupled to overflow tanks on top of the detector to allow for thermal expansion of the liquid. Antineutrinos are detected through the inverse beta decay reaction on the proton-rich scintillator target. A precise and continuous measurement of the detector's central target mass is achieved by monitoring the the fluid level in the overflow tanks with cameras and ultrasonic and capacitive sensors. In addition, the monitoring system records detector temperature and levelness at multiple positions. This monitoring information allows the precise determination of the detectors' effective number of target protons during data taking. We present the design, calibration, installation and in-situ tests of the Daya Bay real-time antineutrino detector monitoring sensors and readout electronics.