6062507
On Data Fusion and Lifetime Constraints in Wireless Sensor Networks
The problems of energy efficient sensor network configuration and local fusion of sensed data have been addressed separately in the previous works. In this paper, we propose to analyze the sensing accuracy with the consideration of the node distribution and fusion overhead in terms of the energy consumption. By extending existing sensing model in the literature, we quantify how the sensing ranges and node densities of sensor nodes impact the sensing accuracy, and how it affects the fusion overhead and the sensing lifetime of the network. We identify the tradeoff between sensing accuracy and energy consumption in an analytical framework. It can be used to choose optimal parameters of sensor networks to meet the specified sensing or lifetime requirements.
38892570
Nonuniform Deployment Prolongs Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks
A sweater having windbreaking characteristics especially usable by active sportsmen such as golfers who must concentrate on their golf swing, is disclosed. The sweater is a relatively thin pullover type which has an outer layer and a layer adjacent the wearer's body of flexible, quiet, warm and soft material with a very thin windproofing layer sandwiched between the outer layer and body layer. Said windproofing layer is divided into five sections or parts: a torso and two lower arm sections which are loosely attached to the inner-facing surface of the outer layer and two upper arm sections loosely attached to the outer facing surface of the body layer in a manner that the windproofing layer does not make any noise, can be very thin because it is protected by the inner and outer layer, and does not restrict the freedom of movement of the wearer.
9019882
Intrusion Detection in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks
Intrusion detection in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is of practical interest in many applications such as detecting an intruder in a battlefield. The intrusion detection is defined as a mechanism for a WSN to detect the existence of inappropriate, incorrect, or anomalous moving attackers. For this purpose, it is a fundamental issue to characterize the WSN parameters such as node density and sensing range in terms of a desirable detection probability. In this paper, we consider this issue according to two WSN models: homogeneous and heterogeneous WSN. Furthermore, we derive the detection probability by considering two sensing models: single-sensing detection and multiple-sensing detection. In addition, we discuss the network connectivity and broadcast reachability, which are necessary conditions to ensure the corresponding detection probability in a WSN. Our simulation results validate the analytical values for both homogeneous and heterogeneous WSNs.
21082976
Real-time machine learning in embedded software and hardware platforms
This paper describes on-going research work into real-time machine learning using embedded software and reconfigurable hardware. The main focus of the work is to develop real-time incremental learning methods particularly targeted at demonstration in mobile robot environments. Three main areas are described. The first represents reactive robot navigation knowledge using a novel frequency table technique whose memory requirement is known a priori. The second area investigates a Genetic Algorithm (GA) method that combines planning and reactive approaches to allow navigation to proceed even in the face of time constraints. In the third area we are developing novel hardware-based machine learning systems suitable for implementation in reconfigurable platforms.
11462203
Wireless fire monitoring system for ancient buildings
With the development of micro-processor and wireless communication, wireless sensor networks have becomes reality in some applications. In this paper, we mainly introduce the development of the fire monitoring system for ancient buildings based on wireless sensor networks. To satisfy the requirements of the application, lifetime and latency, etc, we design some key technologies in the different layers of the sensor nodes, such as data link layer, network layer and application layer. Finally, we realize the system based on MicaZ node and MTS300CB sensor broad, made by XBow Co.
18971548
Coverage-preserving Data Gathering in Wireless Sensor Networks
The power is the most significant resource in wireless sensor nodes, so energy conservation is the most important factor in designing the protocol for sensor networks. In this paper, we study the problem of energy-efficient collection of the physical information from the target area. The coverage-preserving data gathering (CPDG) problem is to build up a tree, which minimizes the total energy consumption, and preserves the original coverage to ensure the result correctness. This problem can be formalized as 0-1 integer linear programming, and solved by an efficient heuristic algorithm. Furthermore, an improved algorithm is also proposed to balance the energy consumption among all the sensor nodes. The experimental results show that CPDG algorithm can conserve the energy about 30% of PEDAP protocol, which is regarded as one of the most efficient data gathering protocols as we know.
15234434
Metadata driven memory optimizations in dynamic binary translator
A dynamic binary translator offers solutions for translating and running source architecture binaries on target architecture at runtime. Regardless of its growing popularity, practical dynamic binary translators usually suffer from the limited optimizations performed when generating the translated code due to the lack of useful information available in the executable files and the requirement to conform to the binary-level compatibility. Trying to generate more efficient translated code, we propose in this paper a novel method of passing performance critical information to a dynamic binary translator through the metadata section generated during the static compilation phase. With the performance critical metadata, the dynamic binary translator is able to perform aggressive optimizations to generate higher quality code. We implemented a general and extensible framework in GCC 4.0 and IA-32® Execution Layer, and selected metadata related to memory optimizations as our target. The metadata enables IA-32 EL to perform memory optimizations such as registerization, memory ordering relaxation and address disambiguation of memory instructions. Experimental data shows an overall performance improvement of 15.03% for SPECfp2000 and 1.21% for SPECint2000. For some specific benchmarks, the performance improvement is even up to 37.09%.
12547630
Performance Evaluation of a Privacy-Enhancing Framework for Personalized Websites
Reconciling personalization with privacy has been a continuing interest in the user modeling community. In prior work, we proposed a dynamic privacy-enhancing user modeling framework based on a software product line architecture (PLA). Our system dynamically selects personalization methods during runtime that respect users' current privacy preferences as well as the prevailing privacy laws and regulations. One major concern about our approach is its performance since dynamic architectural reconfiguration during runtime is usually resource-intensive. In this paper, we describe four implementations of our system that vary two factors, and an in-depth performance evaluation thereof under realistic workload conditions. Our study shows that a customized version performs better than the original PLA implementation, that a multi-level caching mechanism improves both versions, and that the customized version with caching performs best. The average handling time per user session is less than 0.2 seconds for all versions except the original PLA implementation. Overall, our results demonstrate that with a reasonable number of networked hosts in a cloud computing environment, an internationally operating website can use our dynamic PLA-based user modeling approach to personalize their user services, and at the same time respect the individual privacy desires of their users as well as the privacy norms that may apply.