118614159
Update of Short-Baseline Electron Neutrino and Antineutrino Disappearance
We present a complete update of the analysis of electron neutrino and antineutrino disappearance experiments in terms of neutrino oscillations in the framework of 3+1 neutrino mixing, taking into account the Gallium anomaly, the reactor anomaly, solar neutrino data and nu_e-C scattering data. We discuss the implications of a recent 71Ga(3He,3H)71Ge measurement which give information on the neutrino cross section in Gallium experiments. We discuss the solar bound on active-sterile mixing and present our numerical results. We discuss the connection between the results of the fit of neutrino oscillation data and the heavy neutrino mass effects in beta-decay experiments (considering new Mainz data) and neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments (considering the recent EXO results).
117727003
Neutrinos as Hot or Warm Dark Matter
Both active and sterile sub-eV neutrinos can serve for hot dark matter (DM). On the other hand, keV sterile neutrinos could be a good candidate for warm DM. The beta-decaying (e.g., H-3 and Ru-106) and EC-decaying (e.g., Ho-163) nuclei are considered as the most promising targets to capture those extremely low energy neutrinos and antineutrinos, respectively. We calculate the capture rates of relic electron neutrinos and antineutrinos against the corresponding beta-decay or EC-decay backgrounds in different flavor mixing schemes. We stress that such direct laboratory measurements of hot or warm DM might not be hopeless in the long term.
118641290
Direct detection of the cosmic neutrino background including light sterile neutrinos
Current cosmological data drop an interesting hint about the existence of sub-eV sterile neutrinos, which should be a part of the cosmic neutrino background (C nu B). We point out that such light sterile neutrinos may leave a distinct imprint on the electron energy spectrum in the capture of relic electron neutrinos by means of radioactive beta-decaying nuclei. We examine possible signals of sterile neutrinos relative to active neutrinos, characterized by their masses and sensitive to their number densities, in the reaction nu(e) + (3)H -> (3)He + e(-) against the corresponding tritium beta decay. We stress that this kind of direct laboratory detection of the C nu B and its sterile component might not be hopeless in the long term. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
118606894
Possible capture of keV sterile neutrino dark matter on radioactive beta-decaying nuclei
There exists an observed "desert" spanning six orders of magnitude between O(0.5) eV and O(0.5) MeV in the fermion mass spectrum. We argue that it might accommodate one or more keV sterile neutrinos as a natural candidate for warm dark matter. To illustrate this point of view, we simply assume that there is one key sterile neutrino nu(4) and its flavor eigenstate nu(s) weakly mixes with three active neutrinos. We clarify different active-sterile neutrino mixing factors for the radiative decay of nu(4) and beta decays in a self-consistent parametrization. A direct detection of this keV sterile neutrino dark matter in the laboratory is in principle possible since the nu(4) component of nu(e) can leave a distinct imprint on the electron energy spectrum when it is captured on radioactive beta-decaying nuclei. We carry out an analysis of its signatures in the capture reactions nu(e) + H-3 -> He-3 + e(-) and nu(e) + Ru-106 -> Rh-106 + e(-) against the beta-decay backgrounds, and conclude that this experimental approach might not be hopeless in the long run. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
119236714
A possible detection of the cosmic antineutrino background in the presence of flavor effects
Abstract Lusignoli and Vignati have recently pointed out that it is in principle possible to directly detect the cosmic antineutrino background ( C ν ¯ B ) by using the rather stable isotope 163 Ho as a target, which can decay into 163 Dy via electron capture (EC) with a very small energy release. In this Letter we calculate the rate of the relic antineutrino capture on 163 Ho nuclei against the corresponding EC decay rate by taking account of different neutrino mass hierarchies and reasonable values of θ 13 . We show that such flavor effects are appreciable and even important in some cases, and stress that a calorimetric measurement of the C ν ¯ B might be feasible in the far future.
122049951
MCMC SAMPLING IN THE GLOBAL ANALYSIS OF SOLAR AND REACTOR NEUTRINO DATA
We present a global analysis of latest solar and reactor neutrino data in the three-neutrino mixing scheme by using both the simple grid scanning and the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling methods. Accuracy and efficiency of the two sampling methods are compared and advantages of the latter are discussed. The fitting results of three oscillation parameters theta(12), theta(13) and Delta m(21)(2) are provided with both old and new evaluations of the reactor antineutrino flux. Possible correlation between the fitting parameters is also discussed.
119448092
Electroweak bremsstrahlung from neutron-neutron scattering
Background: Nucleon-nucleon (NN) bremsstrahlung processes NN{gamma} (nn{gamma}, np{gamma}, and pp{gamma}) have been extensively investigated. Neutrino-pair bremsstrahlung processes from nucleon-nucleon scattering NN{nu}{nu} (nn{nu}{nu}, np{nu}{nu}, and pp{nu}{nu}) have recently attracted attention in studies of neutrino emission in neutron stars. The calculated NN{nu}{nu} cross sections (or emissivities) are found to be sensitive to the two-nucleon dynamical model used in the calculations. Purpose and Method: A realistic one-boson-exchange (ROBE) model for NN interactions is used to construct the electroweak bremsstrahlung amplitudes using the well-known nucleon electromagnetic and weak interaction vertices. The constructed nn{gamma} and nn{nu}{nu} amplitudes are investigated by applying them to calculate nn{gamma} and nn{nu}{nu} cross sections, respectively. Results: (i) The 190-MeV ROBE nn{gamma} cross sections agree well with those calculated using the TuTts amplitude, but they are in disagreement with those calculated using the Low amplitude. (ii) The calculated nn{nu}{nu} cross sections using the ROBE amplitude at the neutrino-pair energy {omega} = 1 MeV are in quantitative agreement with those calculated by Timmermans et al.[Phys. Rev. C 65, 064007 (2002)], who used the leading-order term of the soft neutrino-pair bremsstrahlung amplitude. Conclusions: The nn{gamma} amplitude in the ROBE approach, which obeys the soft-photon theorem, has a predictive power similar to that ofmore » the TuTts amplitude. The nn{nu}{nu} amplitude in the ROBE approach, which is consistent with the soft neutrino-pair bremsstrahlung theorem, has a predictive power similar to that of the soft neutrino-pair bremsstrahlung amplitude of Timmermans et al. in the low neutrino-pair energy region.« less
119183402
Exploring the full parameter space for an interacting dark energy model with recent observations including redshift-space distortions: Application of the parametrized post-Friedmann approach
Dark energy can modify the dynamics of dark matter if there exists a direct interaction between them. Thus a measurement of the structure growth, e.g., redshift-space distortions (RSD), can provide a powerful tool to constrain the interacting dark energy (IDE) models. For the widely studied $Q=3\beta H\rho_{de}$ model, previous works showed that only a very small coupling ($\beta\sim\mathcal{O}(10^{-3})$) can survive in current RSD data. However, all these analyses had to assume $w>-1$ and $\beta>0$ due to the existence of the large-scale instability in the IDE scenario. In our recent work [Phys. Rev. D 90, 063005 (2014)], we successfully solved this large-scale instability problem by establishing a parametrized post-Friedmann (PPF) framework for the IDE scenario. So we, for the first time, have the ability to explore the full parameter space of the IDE models. In this work, we reexamine the observational constraints on the $Q=3\beta H\rho_{de}$ model within the PPF framework. By using the Planck data, the baryon acoustic oscillation data, the JLA sample of supernovae, and the Hubble constant measurement, we get $\beta=-0.010^{+0.037}_{-0.033}$ ($1\sigma$). The fit result becomes $\beta=-0.0148^{+0.0100}_{-0.0089}$ ($1\sigma$) once we further incorporate the RSD data in the analysis. The error of $\beta$ is substantially reduced with the help of the RSD data. Compared with the previous results, our results show that a negative $\beta$ is favored by current observations, and a relatively larger interaction rate is permitted by current RSD data.
115635245
Topological sigma models and generalized geometries
We study the relation between topological sigma models and generalized geometries. The existence conditions for the most general type of topological sigma models obtained from twisting the N=(2,2) supersymmetric sigma model are investigated, and are found to be related to twisted generalized Calabi-Yau structures. The properties of these topological sigma models are analyzed in detail. The observables are shown to be described by the cohomology of a Lie algebroid, which is intrinsically associated with the twisted generalized Calabi-Yau structure. The Frobenius structure on the space of states and the effects of instantons are analyzed. We also study D-branes in these topological sigma models, and demonstrate that they also admit descriptions in terms of generalized geometries.
7213382
Topological Correlators in Landau-Ginzburg Models with Boundaries
We compute topological correlators in Landau-Ginzburg models on a Riemann surface with arbitrary number of handles and boundaries. The boundaries may correspond to arbitrary topological D-branes of type B. We also allow arbitrary operator insertions on the boundary and in the bulk. The answer is given by an explicit formula which can be regarded as an open-string generalization of C. Vafa’s formula for closed-string topological correlators. We discuss how to extend our results to the case of Landau-Ginzburg orbifolds. e-print archive: http://lanl.arXiv.org/abs/hep-th/0305136
119494911
Deuteron Compton scattering in effective field theory and spin-independent nucleon polarizabilities
Abstract Deuteron Compton scattering is calculated to O ( Q 2 ) in pionless effective field theory using a dibaryon approach. The vector amplitude, which was not included in the previous pionless calculations, contributes to the cross section at O ( Q 2 ) and influences significantly the extracted values of nucleon electric polarizability at incident photon energy 49 MeV. We recommend future high precision deuteron Compton scattering experiments being performed at 25–35 MeV photon energy where the nucleon polarizability effects are appreciable and the pionless effective field theory is most reliable. For example, a measurement at 30 MeV with a 3% error will constrain the isoscalar nucleon electric polarizability α 0 with a ∼30% error.