10506744
Fusion of Acoustic and Linguistic Features for Emotion Detection
This paper describes a system that deploys acoustic and linguistic information from speech in order to decide whether the utterance contains negative or non-negative meaning. An earlier version of this system was Passed QA to the Interspeech-2009 Emotion Challenge evaluation. The speech data consist of short utterances of the children’s speech, and the proposed system is designed to detect anger in each given chunk. Various frame-based cepstral, prosodic and acoustic features are extracted automatically and classified by means of a support vector machine. An automatic speech recognizer transcribes the utterances and yields a separate classification, based on the degree of emotional salience of the words. The emotionally salient words are computed on word hypotheses, so that un-transcribed training data is sufficient. Late fusion is applied to make a final decision on anger vs. non-anger of the utterance.
43139712
Speaker Verification with Fuzzy Fusion and Genetic Optimization
987011
Similarity normalization for speaker verification by fuzzy fusion
Abstract Similarity or likelihood normalization techniques are important for speaker verification systems as they help to alleviate the variations in the speech signals. In the conventional normalization, the a priori probabilities of the cohort speakers are assumed to be equal. From this standpoint, we apply the theory of fuzzy measure and fuzzy integral to combine the likelihood values of the cohort speakers in which the assumption of equal a priori probabilities is relaxed. This approach replaces the conventional normalization term by the fuzzy integral which acts as a non-linear fusion of the similarity measures of an utterance assigned to the cohort speakers. We illustrate the performance of the proposed approach by testing the speaker verification system with both the conventional and the fuzzy algorithms using the commercial speech corpus TI46. The results in terms of the equal error rates show that the speaker verification system using the fuzzy integral is more flexible and more favorable than the conventional normalization method.
10947752
Noise Clustering-Based Speaker Verification
The normalisation method for speaker verification proposed in this paper is based on the idea of the noise clustering method in fuzzy clustering. The proposed method can reduce false acceptance errors and apply to all current normalisation scores. Experiments performed on the ANDOSL and YOHO speech corpora show better results for the proposed method.
35465720
Reliability score based multimodal fusion for biometric person authentication
In this paper, we propose a robust multilevel fusion strategy involving cascaded fusion of hybrid multimodal fusion of audio-lip-face motion, correlation and depth features for biometric person authentication. The proposed approach combines the information from different audio-video based modules, namely: audio-lip motion module, audio-lip correlation module, 2D+3D motiondepth fusion module, and performs a hybrid cascaded fusion in an automatic, unsupervised and adaptive manner, by adapting to the local performance of each module. This is done by taking the output-score based reliability estimates (confidence measures) of each of the module into account. The module weightings are determined automatically such that the reliability measure of the combined scores is maximised. To test the robustness of the proposed approach, the audio and visual speech (mouth) modalities are degraded to emulate various levels of train/test mismatch; employing additive white Gaussian noise for the audio and JPEG compression for the video signals. The results show improved fusion performance for a range of tested levels of audio and video degradation, compared to the individual module performances. Experiments on a 3D stereovision database AVOZES show that, at severe levels of audio and video mismatch, the audio, mouth, 3D face, and tri-module (audio-lip motion, correlation and depth) fusion EERs were 42.9%, 32%, 15%, and 7.3% respectively for biometric person authentication task.
206564985
Optimizing digraph-latency based biometric typist verification systems: inter and intra typist differences in digraph latency distributions
Umphress and Williams have shown that individual differences in digraph latency may provide a means of accurately verifying the identity of computer users. The present research refined this technique by exploring inter and intra subject differences in digraph latency distributions. Experiment 1 showed that there is marked heterogeneity in the latency with which individual subjects type different digraphs. Consequently, it was found that typist verification accuracy improved when a digraph-specific index of the distance between test and reference digraph latencies was employed. Experiment 1 also showed the utility of nonlinear modelling as a tool to establish optimum verification parameter settings. Experiment 2 showed that the use of a common low-pass temporal filter cutoff setting for all typists when screening digraphs is unwise. It was found that there is a significant interaction between subjects and filter settings such that verification accuracy may improve if subject-specific filter settings are used.
13438707
Interaction in a collaborative augmented reality environment
In this paper we describe an Augmented Reality (AR) system which allows multiple participants to interact with two- and three-dimensional data using tangible user interfaces. Interactively controllable 2D and 3D information is seamless integrated into the system.
13891540
MagicMeeting: A Collaborative Tangible Augmented Reality System
We describe an augmented reality (AR) system that allows multiple participants to interact with 2D and 3D data using tangible user interfaces. The system features face-to-face communication, collaborative viewing and manipulation of 3D models, and seamless access to 2D desktop applications within the shared 3D space. All virtual content, including 3D models and 2D desktop windows, is attached to tracked physical objects in order to leverage the efficiencies of natural two-handed manipulation. The presence of 2D desktop space within 3D facilitates data exchange between the two realms, enables control of 3D information by 2D applications, and generally increases productivity by providing access to familiar tools. We present a general concept for a collaborative tangible AR system, including a comprehensive set of interaction techniques, a distributed hardware setup, and a component-based software architecture that can be flexibly configured using XML. We show the validity of our concept with an implementation of an application scenario from the automotive industry.
2986922
Bayesian Network Anomaly Pattern Detection for Disease Outbreaks
Early disease outbreak detection systems typically monitor health care data for irregularities by comparing the distribution of recent data against a baseline distribution. Determining the baseline is difficult due to the presence of different trends in health care data, such as trends caused by the day of week and by seasonal variations in temperature and weather. Creating the baseline distribution without taking these trends into account can lead to unacceptably high false positive counts and slow detection times. This paper replaces the baseline method of (Wong et al., 2002) with a Bayesian network which produces the baseline distribution by taking the joint distribution of the data and conditioning on attributes that are responsible for the trends. We show that our algorithm, called WSARE 3.0, is able to detect outbreaks in simulated data with almost the earliest possible detection time while keeping a low false positive count. We also include the results of running WSARE 3.0 on real Emergency Department data
9635742
An augmented virtuality approach to 3D videoconferencing
This paper describes the concept, prototypical implementation, and usability evaluation of an augmented virtuality (AV) based videoconferencing (VC) system: "cAR/PE!". We present a first solution which allows three participants at different locations to communicate over a network in an environment simulating a traditional face-to-face meeting. Integrated into the AV environment are live video streams of the participants spatially arranged around a virtual table, a large virtual presentation screen for 2D display and application sharing, and 3D geometry (models) within the room and on top of the table.
37039344
An e-Learning Tool for the Austrian Citizen Card
Austria is one of the leading countries in the field of electronic identity. The Austrian Citizen Card System is presently going live; the next step is to inform the citizen about the functionalities and advantages, as well as on how to use the card. On authority of the Federal Chancellor’s Office, the Danube University has developed an e-learning tool that will be made available to all Austrian households. The target group is the citizen rather than the early technological adopter, and the aim is to explain the use of a citizen card rather than the technical background. The main pedagogical method therefore is to reduce technical complexity to an absolute minimum. This e-learning tool is positioned to be one piece of a sophisticated e-government communication strategy.