123040647
Accelerator/Experiment Operations - FY 2001 Through FY 2003
This Technical Memorandum (TM) summarizes the accelerator and experiment operations for the period FY 2001 through FY 2003. The plan is to have an annual TM to gather such information in one place. In this case, the information concerns the startup of Run II at the Tevatron Collider and the beginning of the MiniBooNE neutrino experiment. While the focus is on the FY 2003 efforts, this document includes summaries of the earlier years where available for completeness.
117556562
Search for phi Mesons Produced at High Transverse Momenta in p - Be Collisions at 300-GeV
370054
Development of a high density pixel multichip module at Fermilab
At Fermilab, both pixel detector multichip module and sensor hybridization are being developed for the BTeV experiment. The module is composed of three layers. The lowest layer is formed by the readout integrated circuits (ICs). The backs of the ICs are in thermal contact with the supporting structure, while the tops are flip-chip bump bonded to a pixel sensor. A low mass flex-circuit interconnect is glued on the top of this assembly, and the readout IC pads are wire-bonded to the circuit. The BTeV pixel detector is based on a design relying on this hybrid approach. This method offers maximum flexibility in the development process, choice of fabrication technologies, and the choice of sensor material. This paper presents strategies to handle the required data rate and performance characteristics of the pixel module prototypes.
108208419
Pixel Detector Test
123151040
Electrical characterization of irradiated prototype silicon pixel sensors for BTeV
The pixel detector in the BTeV experiment at the Tevatron (Fermilab) provides high-resolution tracking and vertex identification. For this task the hybrid pixel detector has to work in a very harsh radiation environment with up to 10/sup 14/ minimum ionizing particles/cm/sup 2//year. Radiation hardness of prototype n/sup +//n/p/sup +/ silicon pixel sensors has been investigated. We present electrical characterization curves for irradiated prototype n+/n/p+ sensors, intended for use in the BTeV experiment. We tested pixel sensors from various vendors and with two pixel isolation techniques: p-stop and p-spray. Results are based on irradiation with 200 MeV protons up to 6/spl times/10/sup 14/ protons/cm.
14474933
Charm results on CP violation and mixing
The most recent results on CP violation and mixing in the charm system are reviewed as a guide to the future. While no surprising results are reported so far, charm provides a unique window to physics beyond the Standard Model. The results reported here come from four sources, ALEPH at LEP, E791 and FOCUS/E831 at Fermilab, and CLEO II.V at CESR. Results beyond these sources may be expected as a byproduct of B-motivated experiments.
108150478
Testing of the TriP Chip Running at 132 nsec Using a Modified AFE Board
In this note we describe the first set of tests done with a sample of TriP chips that were mounted on a modified AFE board. The modifications consisted of different firmware and the replacement of one power supply switch. The board used was a standard AFEIc board (red type) on which new MCMs (MCMIIs) were mounted. The new MCMs were designed to support the TriP and emulate the SVX for readout when mounted on an AFEIc board. The TriP and the MCMs are described in Ref. [1]. Two versions of the MCMII were designed and built: one (MCMIIb) supports two TriP chips wirebonded directly to the MCM substrate. The other, (MCMIIc) supports one TriP which can be either wirebonded directly or packaged into a standard TQFP surface mount package. Due to space constraints, this MCM can support only 1 TriP. We tested 6 TriP chips on 3 different MCMIIb (MCMIIb-1, MCMIIb-2 and MCMIIb-3) and 2 other TriPs were tested on MCMIIc, one of them with an unpackaged TriP (MCMIIc-1) and the other with a packaged TriP (MCMIIc-2). A set of 10 programable internal registers control the TriP operation, the description of these registers can be found in [1]. Table 1 shows the values used for the tests described in this note. In Ref. [1] there is a description of the signals that are needed to operate the TriP chip. We implemented in a Field Programable Gate Array (FPGA), also part of the MCM, a set of shift registers that allow us to download via the 1553 interface to the AFE board, any desired timing for the signals that the FPGA has to send to the TriP chip. These registers are run with a 121.21 MHz clock (which is 16x the crossing clock and phase locked to it), which means that each bit corresponds to a time interval of 8.25 nsec. Finer control of timing is possible, but this changing the programing of the FPGA and recompiling. The bits downloaded to these shift registers inside the TriP are listed in Table 2.
16174766
Detection of VHE radiation from the BL Lac PG 1553+113 with the MAGIC telescope
In 2005 and 2006, the MAGIC telescope has observed very high energy gamma-ray emission from the distant BL Lac object PG 1553+113. The overall significance of the signal is 8.8 σ for 18.8 h observation time. The light curve shows no significant flux variations on a daily time-scale, the flux level during 2005 was, however, significantly higher compared to 2006. The differential energy spectrum between ∼ 90 GeV and 500 GeV is well described by a power law with photon index Γ = 4.2 ± 0.3. The combined 2005 and 2006 energy spectrum provides an upper limit of z = 0.74 on the redshift of the object. Subject headings: PG 1553+113, BL Lac, AGN, VHE gamma-ray, imaging air Cherenkov telescope
115883664
Time-of-flight measurement in the DZero Central Fiber Tracker
We continue evaluation of the new electronics developed for the Central Fiber Tracker and Preshower detectors. With the custom TriP chip and MCM II we have measured the position of the hits along the fiber by comparing the time of arrival of the photons at the VLPC with the expected timing relative to the beam. The measured rms resolution at the center of the fibers is 46cm for hits with more than 8 photo-electrons and is dominated by the statistics of photon arrival time. The corresponding resolution near the ends of the fibers (where more photoelectrons are collected) is calculated to be of order 27cm. With a second submission of the TriP chip to add the time-of-flight measuring capability we will effectively double the number of channels in the central fiber tracker. This capability will increase the maximum luminosity at which D0 can do tracking from {approx} 100 {center_dot} 10{sup 30}cm{sup -2}s{sup -1} to {approx} 200 {center_dot} 10{sup 30} cm{sup -2}s{sup -1} (at a bench mark tracking specification). The cost of replacing the electronics is of order $500K and the necessary lead time is 1.5 years.
118954339
Variable VHE gamma-ray emission from Markarian 501
The blazar Markarian 501 (Mrk 501) was observed at energies above 0.10 TeV with the MAGIC telescope from May through July 2005. The high sensitivity of the instrument enabled the determination of the flux and spectrum of the source on a night-by-night basis. Throughout our observational campaign, the flux from Mrk 501 was found to vary by an order of magnitude. Intra-night flux variability with flux-doubling times down to 2 minutes was observed during the two most active nights, namely June 30 and July 9. These are the fastest flux variations ever observed in Mrk 501. The ~20-minute long flare of July 9 showed an indication of a 4 +/- 1 min time delay between the peaks of F(<0.25 TeV) and F(>1.2 TeV), which may indicate a progressive acceleration of electrons in the emitting plasma blob. The flux variability was quantified for several energy ranges, and found to increase with the energy of the gamma-ray photons. The spectra hardened significantly with increasing flux, and during the two most active nights, a spectral peak was clearly detected at 0.43 +/- 0.06 TeV and 0.25 +/- 0.07 TeV, respectively for June 30 and July 9. There is no evidence of such spectral feature for the other nights at energies down to 0.10 TeV, thus suggesting that the spectral peak is correlated with the source luminosity. These observed characteristics could be accommodated in a Synchrotron-Self-Compton (SSC) framework in which the increase in gamma-ray flux is produced by a freshly injected (high energy) electron population.