711489
Formation of superheavy nuclei in cold fusion reactions
Within the concept of the dinuclear system (DNS), a dynamical model is proposed for describing the formation of superheavy nuclei in complete fusion reactions by incorporating the coupling of the relative motion to the nucleon transfer process. The capture of two heavy colliding nuclei, the formation of the compound nucleus, and the de-excitation process are calculated by using an empirical coupled channel model, solving a master equation numerically and applying statistical theory, respectively. Evaporation residue excitation functions in cold fusion reactions are investigated systematically and compared with available experimental data. Maximal production cross sections of superheavy nuclei in cold fusion reactions with stable neutron-rich projectiles are obtained. Isotopic trends in the production of the superheavy elements Z=110, 112, 114, 116, 118, and 120 are analyzed systematically. Optimal combinations and the corresponding excitation energies are proposed.
119190579
Constraining the high-density behavior of the nuclear equation of state from strangeness production in heavy-ion collisions
The dynamics of pions and strange particles in heavy-ion collisions in the region of 1A GeV energies is investigated by the lanzhou quantum molecular dynamics model for probing the nuclear equation of state at suprasaturation densities. The total multiplicities and the ratios obtained in {sup 197}Au+{sup 197}Au over {sup 12}C+{sup 12}C systems are calculated for selected Skyrme parameters SkP, SLy6, Ska, and SIII, which correspond to different modulus of incompressibility of symmetric nuclear matter and different cases of the stiffness of symmetry energy. A decreasing trend of the excitation functions of the ratios for strange particle production with increasing incident energy was observed. The available data of K{sup +} production measured by KaoS collaboration are described well with the parameter SkP, which results in a soft equation of state. The conclusions cannot be modified by an in-medium kaon-nucleon potential.
119575296
Pion Production in Heavy-ion Collisions in the 1 A GeV region ∗
Within the framework of the improved isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics (ImIQMD) model, pion emission in heavy-ion collisions in the region 1 A GeV is investigated systematically, in which the pion is considered to be mainly produced by the decay of resonances Δ(1232) and N* (1440). The in-medium dependence and Coulomb effects of pion production are included in the calculation. Total pion multiplicity and π−/π+ yields are calculated for the reaction 197Au+197Au in central collisions for selected Skyrme parameters SkP, SLy6, Ska, SIII and compared with the measured data of the FOPI collaboration.
18690672
Dynamical analysis on heavy-ion fusion reactions near Coulomb barrier
The shell correction is proposed in the improved isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics (ImIQMD) model, which plays an important role in heavy-ion fusion reactions near Coulomb barrier. By using the ImIQMD model, the static and dynamical fusion barriers, dynamical barrier distribution in the fusion reactions are analyzed systematically. The fusion and capture excitation functions for a series of reaction systems are calculated and compared with experimental data. It is found that the fusion cross sections for neutron-rich systems increase obviously, and the strong shell effects of two colliding nuclei result in a decrease of the fusion cross sections at the sub-barrier energies. The lowering of the dynamical fusion barriers favors the enhancement of the sub-barrier fusion cross sections, which is related to the nucleon transfer and the neck formation in the fusion reactions.
122097146
PROBING THE SYMMETRY ENERGY AT SUPRA-SATURATION DENSITIES FROM PION EMISSION IN HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS
Within the framework of the improved isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics (ImIQMD) model, the emission of pion in heavy-ion collisions in the region 1 A GeV as a probe of nuclear symmetry energy at supra-saturation densities is investigated systematically, in which the pion is considered to be mainly produced by the decay of resonances Δ(1232) and N*(1440). The π-/π+ yields are calculated for selected Skyrme parameters SkP, SLy6, Ska and SIII, and also for the cases of different stiffness of symmetry energy with the parameter SLy6. Preliminary results compared with the measured data by the FOPI collaboration favor a hard symmetry energy of the potential term proportional to (ρ/ρ0)γs with γs = 2.
55846865
Transverse emission of isospin ratios as a probe of high-density symmetry energy in isotopic nuclear reactions
Abstract Transverse emission of preequilibrium nucleons, light clusters (complex particles) and charged pions from the isotopic Sn 112 , 124 + Sn 112 , 124 reactions at a beam energy of 400 A MeV, to extract the high-density behavior of nuclear symmetry energy, are investigated within an isospin and momentum-dependent transport model. Specifically, the double ratios of neutron/proton, triton/helium-3 and π − / π + in the squeeze-out domain are analyzed systematically, which are favorable in reducing the influence of the Coulomb force and less systematic errors. It is found that the transverse momentum distribution of isospin ratios strongly depend on the stiffness of nuclear symmetry energy, which would be a nice observable to extract the high-density symmetry energy. The collision centrality and the mass splitting of neutron and proton in nuclear medium play a significant role on the distribution structure of the ratios, but do not change the influence of symmetry energy on the spectrum.
122762455
TeV Gamma Ray Survey on the Direction of Fermi-LAT Pulsars with the Tibet Air Shower Array
We search for steady TeV γ-rays from 18 pulsars in the Fermi-LAT pulsar catalog using the Tibet air shower array. We observe 8 sources including the Crab against expected 0.41 sources at a significance of 2σ or more among the 18 pulsars. The chance probability from Poisson statistics is estimated to be 1.4×10-8.With the Crab excluded, it is estimated to be 1.8×10-7. These low chance probabilities clearly show that the Fermi pulsars have a statistically significant correlation with TeV γ-ray excesses observed by the Tibet air shower array.