13862518
Low Cost Mechanism for QoS-Aware Re-Planning of Composite Service
To meet the business and user requirements, it is crucial to manage the Quality of Service (QoS) of composite web service. Due to the dynamics nature of the web services, the runtime behavior of web services is likely to differ from the initial estimated one. Therefore, a re-planning to adapt the composite service to the QoS violated services, ensuring the global constraints and preferences will be needed. In this paper, we propose a low cost mechanism for re-planning. Such mechanism is supported by an offline re-planning execution environment and a performance prediction based low cost policy.The experimentations show better performance of the mechanism.
14513982
An Online Model Checking Tool for Safety and Liveness Bugs
Modern software model checkers are usually used to find safety violations. However, checking liveness properties can offer a more natural and effective way to detect errors, particularly in complex concurrent and distributed e-business systems. Specifying global liveness properties which should always eventually be true proves to be more desirable, but it is hard for existing software model checkers to verify liveness in real codes because doing so requires finding an infinite execution. For solving such a challenge, this paper proposes an online checking tool to verify the safety and liveness properties of complex systems. We adopt the linear temporal logic to describe the semantics of the finite model checking, use binary instrumentation to obtain the distribute states and apply a checking engine to dynamically verify the finite trace linear temporal logic properties. At last, we demonstrate the method in a distributed system using distributed protocol Paxos and achieve good results by experiments.
5812455
Knowledge Enhanced IT Service Management
To manage the increasing complexity of IT systems and align IT services with business is the main theme of IT Service Management (ITSM). Current ITSM architecture adopts ITU as the framework to integrate silos of operational management tools and configuration information to build an end-to-end solution based on best practices. However, it lacks of a systematic means to address an important aspect of IT operation, i.e., managing the knowledge separated in various tools and experts' minds. In this paper, a novel knowledge-enhanced architecture is proposed to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of ITSM. The essential contribution of this novel architecture is to involve a Knowledge Management Database (KMDB) which provides assistance for knowledge capture, mining, storage and sharing. The paper will discuss an approach of how to construct such a KMDB with motivating scenarios and detailed description of key components. To validate the approach, a prototype system is developed and evaluated by being applied for problem analysis on a Cisco Voice over IP (VoIP) system. The experiment results show a remarkable improvement in the effectiveness and efficiency for practical IT service management operations.
10702245
A wireless LAN-based indoor positioning technology
Context-aware computing is an emerging computing paradigm that can provide new or improved services by exploiting user context information. In this paper, we present a wireless-local-area-network-based (WLAN-based) indoor positioning technology. The wireless device deploys a position-determination model to gather location information from collected WLAN signals. A model-based signal distribution training scheme is proposed to trade off the accuracy of signal distribution and training workload. A tracking-assistant positioning algorithm is presented to employ knowledge of the area topology to assist the procedure of position determination. We have set up a positioning system at the IBM China Research Laboratory. Our experimental results indicate an accuracy of 2 m with a 90% probability for static devices and, for moving (walking) devices, an accuracy of 5 m with a 90% probability. Moreover, the complexity of the training procedure is greatly reduced compared with other positioning algorithms.
14899060
Automatic model-based service hosting environment migration
The proper operation of Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) depends on underlying system services of operating systems, so efficient and effective migration of Service Hosting Environment is critical to cope with intrinsic-changed nature of SOA. However, due to the large amount of configuration items, complicated mapping and complex dependency relationship among system services, migrating into a new Service Hosting Environment satisfying the operation requirement of SOA becomes an error-prone and time-consuming task. The SCM project in IBM develops a novel approach to migrate Service Hosting Environment shaped in Unix-like systems. Firstly, this approach builds a set of configuration models to describe various system services. Then based on models, it presents knowledge based mapping to translate system service configurations between Service Hosting Environments. Finally, it designs a dependency hierarchy deducting algorithm to compute the dependency relationship among system services for migration traceability and error determination. A SCM prototype has performed well on largely reducing time, labor and errors in real migration cases.
15004157
A Semantic QoS-Aware Discovery Framework for Web Services
Augmenting web services with explicit semantics forms the foundation of Service Oriented Architectures (SOAs) automation. As more and more Semantic Web Services (SWSs) are deployed, similar SWSs could have quite different quality-of-service (QoS) levels. The QoS-aware discovery becomes an important challenge. While some efforts try to solve it via Constraint Programming (CP), they suffer from the purely syntactic matchmaking method. Furthermore, the construction of constraints and the selection of services are completely dependent on the literal translation from QoS descriptions, which increase obstacles to actually apply CP. In this paper, we propose a semantic QoS-aware framework for SWSs discovery by combining the semantic matchmaking and CP. Initially, a QoS ontology is presented to define QoS data into service descriptions. Then the ontology reasoning is adopted to change previous syntactic matchmaking into a semantic way. Through confirming the compatibility of concepts, complex QoS conditions are solved as constraints and a selection algorithm is proposed to obtain the optimal offer. Finally, the prototype implementation of our framework is discussed and a SWSs discovery case is used to illustrate the comprehensive discovery process.
14872443
Application-aware Interface for SOAP Communication in Web Services
SOAP protocol has emerged as the Web service communication standard. Because of the relatively poor performance, many researchers focus on improving the speed of processing SOAP message. In this paper, we propose SPI, which introduces client usage pattern to the low level SOAP process infrastructure, in order to improve the performance of some kind of Web services applications with specific communication patterns. The pack interface of SPI is an approach to reduce the number of the SOAP messages to improve the latency on client side. This SOAP optimization technique packs concurrent service requests into one SOAP message on client side, and unpacks and executes them on server side. Our implementation and performance study demonstrates the usefulness and effectiveness of the technique
7625765
Solving QoS-driven Web service dynamic composition as fuzzy constraint satisfaction
The creation of value-added composite web service raises an opportunity to the formation of online B2B collaborations. However, web services are usually overlapping in functionality. How to make a choice based on non-functional factors becomes a problem that needs to be solved. In this paper, it argues that the selection of component services should be considered in a global manner and the user's QoS preferences is more appropriate to be expressed in a fuzzy way. It advocates using fuzzy set to express the user's QoS preference on a specific QoS criteria and using fuzzy expression to express the user's trade-off among QoS criteria's. The service selection problem is formalized as a fuzzy constraint satisfaction problem and deep-first branch-and-bound method is chosen to search for a solution with some adjustments to web service composition. It also develops an uncritical fuzzy consistency checking algorithm as an aid to faster search. Experiments are conducted to prove the effectiveness of the approach.
205888828
Non-fuzzy versions of fuzzy reasoning in classical logics
Abstract Fuzzy reasoning features fuzzy logic in its narrow sense, FLn, and fuzzy modus ponens (FMP) is the core of fuzzy reasoning. As is well known, FMP is far more general and complicated than the conventional rule of modus ponens (MP) and takes the latter as special case under certain conditions. This paper proves that there exist non-fuzzy versions of FMP in classical 2-valued logic as well as in conventional multivalued systems and reveals the roots of these seemingly surprising results.
33974786
Mining a Complete Set of Both Positive and Negative Association Rules from Large Databases
Association rule mining is one of the key issues in knowledge discovery. In recent years, negative association rule mining has attracted remarkable attention. This paper presents a notion of validity for both positive and negative association rules, which is considered intuitive and necessary. Then, a mining algorithm to find all rules in light of completeness is proposed. In doing so, several pruning strategies based on the upward closure property are developed and incorporated into the algorithm so as to guarantee the computational efficiency.
16691131
Software Productivity Analysis with CSBSG Data Set
The aim is to report on an initial exploratory statistical analysis of the relationship between software productivity and its influencing factors in China. We analyzed of a data set containing project measurement data which were collected from lots of IT companies in China by China Software Benchmarking Standards Group (CSBSG), established by China Software Process Improvement Network (CSPIN), China.Productivity with its influencing factors was investigated using a exploratory statistical analysis. Only 133 closed projects with high ratings could be used in this investigation. Furthermore, confidentiality and data quality, data filling ratio and sizing method were considered as major issues during our current work and also for future investigation. Overall, we observed that influencing factors - project size, project type and business area - do affect productivity with different level statistical significance. However, no clear evidence can be observed that factors, like maximum team size and programming languages affect productivity. Ongoing analysis of productivity and its influencing factors. Based on current productivity analysis results, comparative analysis between counties and estimation modeling will be investigated in future.