117196215
Studies of non-standard effects in atmospheric neutrino oscillations of Super-Kamiokande
120923082
Constraints on sterile neutrinos using Super-Kamiokande I atmospheric neutrino data
119244677
Target mass monitoring and instrumentation in the Daya Bay antineutrino detectors
The Daya Bay experiment measures sin 22θ13 using functionally identical antineutrino detectors located at distances of 300 to 2000 meters from the Daya Bay nuclear power complex. Each detector consists of three nested fluid volumes surrounded by photomultiplier tubes. These volumes are coupled to overflow tanks on top of the detector to allow for thermal expansion of the liquid. Antineutrinos are detected through the inverse beta decay reaction on the proton-rich scintillator target. A precise and continuous measurement of the detector's central target mass is achieved by monitoring the the fluid level in the overflow tanks with cameras and ultrasonic and capacitive sensors. In addition, the monitoring system records detector temperature and levelness at multiple positions. This monitoring information allows the precise determination of the detectors' effective number of target protons during data taking. We present the design, calibration, installation and in-situ tests of the Daya Bay real-time antineutrino detector monitoring sensors and readout electronics.
118791439
Reactor Neutrino Experiments: $\theta_{13}$ and Beyond
We review the current-generation short-baseline reactor neutrino experiments that have firmly established the third neutrino mixing angle $\theta_{13}$ to be non-zero. The relative large value of $\theta_{13}$ (around 9$^\circ$) has opened many new and exciting opportunities for future neutrino experiments. Daya Bay experiment with the first measurement of $\Delta m^2_{ee}$ is aiming for a precision measurement of this atmospheric mass-squared splitting with a comparable precision as $\Delta m^2_{\mu\mu}$ from accelerator muon neutrino experiments. JUNO, a next-generation reactor neutrino experiment, is targeting to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy with medium baselines ($\sim$50 km). Beside these {\color{black} opportunities enabled by the large $\theta_{13}$}, the current-generation (Daya Bay, Double Chooz, and RENO) and the next-generation (JUNO, RENO-50, and PROSPECT) reactor experiments, with their unprecedented statistics, are also leading the precision era of the 3-flavor neutrino oscillation physics as well as constraining new physics beyond the neutrino Standard Model.
118328393
Clustering Properties of BzK-selected Galaxies in GOODS-N: Environmental Quenching and Triggering of Star Formation at z ~ 2
Using a sample of BzK-selected galaxies at z ~ 2 identified from the CFHT/WIRCAM near-infrared survey of GOODS-North, we discuss the relation between star formation rate (SFR), specific star formation rate (SSFR), and stellar mass (M *), and the clustering of galaxies as a function of these parameters. For star-forming galaxies (sBzKs), the UV-based SFR, corrected for extinction, scales with the stellar mass as SFR∝M α * with α = 0.74 ± 0.20 down to M * ~ 109 M ☉, indicating a weak dependence on the stellar mass of the SFR efficiency, namely, SSFR. We also measure the angular correlation function and hence infer the correlation length for sBzK galaxies as a function of M *, SFR, and SSFR, as well as K-band apparent magnitude. We show that passive galaxies (pBzKs) are more strongly clustered than sBzK galaxies at a given stellar mass, mirroring the color-density relation seen at lower redshifts. We also find that the correlation length of sBzK galaxies ranges from 4 to 20 h –1 Mpc, being a strong function of MK , M *, and SFR. On the other hand, the clustering dependence on SSFR changes abruptly at 2 × 10–9 yr–1, which is the typical value for "main-sequence" star-forming galaxies at z ~ 2. We show that the correlation length reaches a minimum at this characteristic value, and is larger for galaxies with both smaller and larger SSFRs; a dichotomy that is only marginally implied from the predictions of the semi-analytical models. Our results suggest that there are two types of environmental effects at work at z ~ 2. Stronger clustering for relatively quiescent galaxies implies that the environment has started to play a role in quenching star formation. At the same time, stronger clustering for galaxies with elevated SSFRs ("starbursts") might be attributed to an increased efficiency for galaxy interactions and mergers in dense environments.
119117635
ALMA SUBMILLIMETER CONTINUUM IMAGING OF THE HOST GALAXIES OF GRB 021004 AND GRB 080607
We report 345 GHz continuum observations of the host galaxies of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) 021004 and 080607 at z > 2 using the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Cycle 0. Of the two bursts, GRB 021004 is one of the few GRBs that originate in a Lyman limit host, while GRB 080607 is classified as a 'dark burst' and its host galaxy is a candidate of dusty star-forming galaxy at z {approx} 3. With an order of magnitude improvement in the sensitivities of the new imaging searches, we detect the host galaxy of GRB 080607 with a flux of S{sub 345} = 0.31 {+-} 0.09 mJy and a corresponding infrared luminosity of L{sub IR} = (2.4-4.5) Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 11} L{sub Sun }. However, the host galaxy of GRB 021004 remains undetected and the ALMA observations allow us to place a 3{sigma} upper limit of L{sub IR} < 3.1 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 11} L{sub Sun} for the host galaxy. The continuum imaging observations show that the two galaxies are not ultraluminous infrared galaxies, but are at the faintest end of the dusty galaxy population that gives rise to the submillimeter extragalactic background light. The derived star formation rates of the twomore » GRB host galaxies are less than 100 M{sub Sun} yr{sup -1}, which are broadly consistent with optical measurements. The result suggests that the large extinction (A{sub V} {approx} 3) in the afterglow of GRB 080607 is confined along its particularly dusty sight line, and not representative of the global properties of the host galaxy.« less
73576245
Submillimeter Sources behind the Massive Lensing Clusters A370 and A2390
We report 850 μm Submillimeter Array (SMA) observations of four gravitationally lensed submillimeter galaxies (SMGs), A370-2, A2390-1, A2390-3, and A2390-4, which were originally discovered with the Submillimeter Common-User Bolometer Array (SCUBA). Our SMA detection of A370-2 with a submillimeter flux of 7.95 ± 0.60 mJy unambiguously identifies the counterparts to this source at optical and radio wavelengths. A2390-1 is an ultraluminous infrared galaxy with a submillimeter flux of 5.55 ± 0.92 mJy and a redshift of 1.8 ± 0.2 computed from submillimeter/radio flux ratio analysis. We resolve A2390-3 into two components, A2390-3a and A2390-3b, with fluxes of 3.15 ± 0.63 mJy and 1.92 ± 0.60 mJy, respectively. The structure of the system could be consistent with morphological distortion by gravitational lensing. The lack of counterparts in the optical and infrared indicates a heavily dust-enshrouded nature, and a non-detection in the radio implies that these two sources probably lie at z > 4.7, which would make them among the most distant SMGs known to date. Our non-detection of A2390-4 suggests either that there are multiple fainter submillimeter sources within the SCUBA beam or that the SCUBA detection may have been false. Our precise positions allow us to determine accurate amplifications and fluxes for all of our detected sources. Our new results give a shallower power-law fit (–1.10) to the faint-end 850 μm cumulative number counts than previous work. We emphasize the need for high-resolution observations of single dish detected SMGs in order to measure accurately the faint end of the 850 μm counts.
119115457
Light dark matter in NMSSM and implication on Higgs phenomenology
For the experimental search of neutralino dark matter, it is important to know its allowed mass and scattering cross section with the nucleon. In order to figure out how light a neutralino dark matter can be predicted in low energy supersymmetry, we scan over the parameter space of the NMSSM (next-to-minimal supersymmetric model), assuming all the relevant soft mass parameters to be below TeV scale. We find that in the parameter space allowed by current experiments the neutralino dark matter can be as light as a few GeV and its scattering rate off the nucleon can reach the sensitivity of XENON100 and CoGeNT. As a result, a sizable parameter space is excluded by the current XENON100 and CoGeNT data (the plausible CoGeNT dark matter signal can also be explained). The future 6000 kg-days exposure of XENON100 will further explore (but cannot completely cover) the remained parameter space. Moreover, we find that in such a light dark matter scenario a light CP-even or CP-odd Higgs boson must be present to satisfy the measured dark matter relic density. Consequently, the SM-like Higgs boson h(SM) may decay predominantly into a pair of light Higgs bosons or a pair of neutralinos so that the conventional decays like h(SM) -> gamma gamma is much suppressed. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
118356301
DUST OBSCURATION IN LYMAN BREAK GALAXIES AT z ∼ 4
Measuring star formation rates (SFRs) in high-z galaxies with their rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) continuum can be uncertain because of dust obscuration. Prior studies had used the submillimeter emission at 850 ?m to determine the intrinsic SFRs of rest-frame UV-selected galaxies, but the results suffered from the low sensitivity and poor resolution (~15''). Here, we use ultradeep Very Large Array 1.4 GHz images with ~1''-2'' resolutions to measure the intrinsic SFRs. We perform stacking analyses in the radio images centered on ~3500 Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) at z ~ 4 in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey-North and South fields selected with Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys data. The stacked radio flux is very low, 0.08 ? 0.15 ?Jy, implying a mean SFR of . This is comparable to the uncorrected mean UV SFRs of , implying that the z ~ 4 LBGs have little dust extinction. The low SFR and dust extinction support the previous results that z ~ 4 LBGs are in general not submillimeter galaxies. We further show that there is no statistically significant excess of dust-hidden star-forming components within ~22 kpc from the LBGs.