The effect of pesticides on Byssus formation in the common mussel, Mytilus edulis
Abstract Seed mussels ( Mytilus edulis ) were exposed to a range of pesticides and PCBs, several of which caused a reduction in byssal attachment at higher concentrations. In queen scallops ( Chlamys opercularis ) byssus formation was similarly affected although this species was more sensitive than M. edulis . The sensitivity of mussels was greater at higher temperatures and decreased with increase in size. Of the compounds tested Endosulfan (organochlorine) was the most toxic, causing a 50% reduction in byssal attachment after 24 h at 0·45 mg/l. Trichlorphon (organophosphate) was the least toxic and did not affect byssal attachment at concentrations up to 30 mg/l. The probable cause of decreased byssal attachment is a reduction in pedal activity, although it is possible that direct interference with the synthesis or combination of byssus components may be involved. It is suggested that byssogenesis tests offer a rapid and convenient technique for the routine screening of potential marine pollutants.