Understanding Magic Numbers in Neutron-Rich Nuclei by Tensor Blocking Mechanism
A new paradigm for nuclear structure that includes blocking effects of tensor interactions is proposed. All of the recently discovered magic numbers (N=6, 14, 16, 32 and 34) in neutron-rich nuclei can be explained by the blocking effects. A large amount of binding energy is gained by high-momentum correlated pairs of nucleons produced by the tensor interaction. Such tensor correlations strongly depend on the configuration space available for exciting nucleons to 2p-2h states. When additional neutrons occupy a new orbital, the previously available configuration may be lost, resulting in a sudden loss of binding energy otherwise gained by the 2p-2h excitations. Such tensor blocking effects enlarge the energy gaps at all observed new magic numbers. Tensor blocking also explains consistently the observed peculiar configurations of neutron-rich nuclei at the borders of shells.