Research on Haploid Efficiently Inducing of Sweet Corn
In order to effectively carry out sweet corn haploid induction, 16 different types of sweet corn material as the female parents, 7 corn parthenogenesis inducers and 18 combinations between 7 inducers as the male parents were used to study on the influence to haploid induction ratio of inducers, female genotype, female silk length when pollination and environment, and at the same time, on the investigation of feasibility that induced sweet corn haploids by combinations between inducers through research on the heterosis and reciprocal cross effect of haploid induction ratio. The results showed that the haploid induction ability difference of the inducers was notable, ranged from 0.44% to 2.56%; Female genotype, female silk length when pollination and environment affected the haploid induction ratio, the induced rate of female materials ranged from 0% to 4.75%,the haploid induction rate was high if female had long silks when pollinated, and high temperature and high humidity was harmful for sweet corn haploid induction. Heterosis index was positive for all combinations between inducers, ranged from 28% to 719.15%, 16 combinations between inducers had positive mid-parent heterosis,ranged from-72%-619.15%, 14 combinations had positive over-parent heterosis, ranged from-80.86%-589.8%;In the same time, haploid induction rate had significant reciprocal cross effect, in the middle of 9 couple combinations,6 couple combinations had high haploid induction ratio when female had high haploid induction ratio;and " YS1 ×YE24" was selected out and was used to induce sweet corn haploids. In a word, inducers, female genotype, female silk length when pollination and environment affected the haploid induction ratio, the haploid induction ratio had significant heterosis and reciprocal cross effect, excellent combinations between inducers can be obtained through reasonably select and mate inducers.