How truth depends upon being
According to Armstrong (amongst others) �any truth, should depend for its truth for something �outside� it� where this one-way dependency is explained in terms of the asymmetric relationship that obtains between a truth and its truth-maker. But there�s no need to appeal to truth-makers to make sense of this dependency. The truth of a proposition is essentially determined by the interlocking semantic mechanism of reference and satisfaction which already ensures that the truth-value of a proposition depends on how things stand outside it. By contrast, how things stand outside of a proposition is determined by other worldly mechanisms that have nothing to do with truth.