Stability of internally pressurized conical shells under torsion
E = modulus of elasticity h — thickness of shell I = slant length of cone n = number of circumferential waves p = internal hydrostatic pressure pe = critical external hydrostatic pressure denned by Eq. (2) Ri = radius of small end of truncated cone R2 = radius of large end of truncated cone T = torque Z = curvature parameter for cylinder (1 — )/(L a. = semivertex angle of the cone v = Poisson's ratio pav = mean radius of curvature = (Ri + Rz)/2 cos a T = maximum torsional stress = (T/2wRih) Tcr = critical torsional stress given by Eq. (1)