A review of the interaction between anthocyanins and proteins
Anthocyanins have good physiological functions, but they are unstable. The interaction between anthocyanins and proteins can improve the stability, nutritional and functional properties of the complex. This paper reviews the structural changes of complex of anthocyanins interacting with proteins from different sources. By circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, it was found that the contents of α-helix (from 15.90%−42.40% to 17.60%−52.80%) or β-sheet (from 29.00%−50.00% to 29.40%−57.00%) of the anthocyanins–proteins complex increased. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the regions of amide I (from 1627.87−1641.41 cm−1 to 1643.34−1651.02 cm−1) and amide II (from 1537.00−1540.25 cm−1 to 1539.00−1543.75 cm−1) of anthocyanins–proteins complex were shifted. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the fluorescence intensity of the complex decreased from 150−5100 to 40−3900 a.u. The thermodynamic analysis showed that there were hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions between anthocyanins and proteins. The kinetic analysis showed that the half-life and activation energy of the complex increased. The stability, antioxidant, digestion, absorption, and emulsification of the complex were improved. This provides a reference for the study and application of anthocyanins and proteins interactions.