Biological Characteristics and Effective Control of Hieroglyphus tonkinensis I.Bol in Hainan
Hieroglyphus tonkinensis I.Bol is an important agricultural pest to bamboo,rice and other gramineous crops.It broke out for the first time in Wangwu town,Danzhou City,Hainan in 2006 and in recent years the population of this grasshopper and its damage increased dramatically.In this study,we explored the biological characteristics of H.tonkinensis in order to find suitable and effective measures to predict and control this grasshopper in Hainan.The results showed that this grasshopper could fulfill one generation annually in Hainan and live through winter in eggs in soil.The eggs could hatch from middle April and the flourishing time of eclosion was from early to middle June.The adults began to die gradually in early September.The maximum egg laying amounts and the longest adults lifetime demonstrated that 28 ℃ was the optimum temperature of H.tonkinensis to development and fecundity.The sensitive tests of four insecticides to 6 th nymphs of H.tonkinensis showed that fipronile and avermectin were effective to kill the grasshopper.The main control period were before 3 th nymphs and avermectin smoke fog(FO)was the first chioce for its control.