Características físico-químicas de amidos modificados com permanganato de potássio/ácido lático e hipoclorito de sódio/ácido lático
Oxidized starches produce low-viscosity pastes even in high concentrations, are stable to retrogradation and are used in the paper, textile and food industries. This property is attributed to the presence of carboxyl groups, which have negative charges and are bulkier than hydroxyls. In this work, potato, sweet potato, Peruvian carrot, cassava, corn and waxy corn starches were modified with oxidative reagents and characterized with respect to their carboxyl content, reducing power, differential dyeing, expansion power and viscographic properties, in water, acetate buffer (pH 4.0) and phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). The results showed that waxy corn and cassava starches presented high expansions, when modified with KMNO4/lactic acid (25.8 and 24.1 mL.g-1, respectively). The starch pastes of waxy corn showed freeze-thaw stability in all treatments. Differential dyeing and carboxyl content did not vary between the native and modified samples; only potato starch reacted with methylene blue, due to the presence of phosphate groups. With respect to pH and acidity, almost all samples presented values next to neutrality, except corn and waxy corn starch modified with NaOCl/lactic acid. The starches oxidized with KMnO4/lactic acid presented lower viscosity peaks than those oxidized with NaOCl. The viscosity peaks of starches analyzed in phosphate buffer were lower than in water and acetate buffer.