Observations Upon Abnormalities of the Pupils and Iris in Tabes Dorsalis, General Paralysis and Tabo-Paresis: with a Consideration of their Bearing upon the Pathogenesis of the Argyll Robertson Pupil
1. The pupillary phenomenon originally described by Argyll Robertson is a complex one, and consists invariably of the following components when it is fully developed: Loss of the direct and consensual response to light, retention (not invariably of normal degree) of the response to convergence, trophic changes in the texture and colour of the iris, and abnormalities in the dimensions (miosis) and in the form of the pupil. No one of these components is more constant than another, and no one of them is separable from the rest.

2. This, the true Argyll Robertson pupil, is invariably associated with neuro-syphilis, and is never found apart from that condition.

3. The Argyll Robertson phenomenon commonly develops segmentally, becoming uniform only when fully developed. It is to this segmental development of iris changes that segmental loss of light reaction and pupil irregularity are due.

4. This mode of development indicates that the underlying nervous lesion must be in the peripheral neuron. The observations recorded here are not compatible with a central lesion in the mid-brain.

5. The so-called Argyll Robertson pupil of non-syphilitic lesions of the nervous system is clinically distinguishable from the true Argyll Robertson pupil. It is accompanied by pupil dilatation, and characterized by an absence of miosis, pupil irregularity or trophic changes in the iris. Theories as to its pathogenesis have no bearing upon the problems presented by the true Argyll Robertson pupil.