Optical waveguiding in epitaxial PbTiO(3) thin films.
Epitaxial lead titanate (PbTiO(3)) thin films on SrTiO(3) (100) substrate were grown in situ by radio-frequency sputtering for optical waveguiding applications. The crystalline quality of the PbTiO(3) films deposited at 550 degrees C has been investigated through x-ray diffraction analysis. It indicates that thin films are completely c-axis oriented (rocking curve FWHM of 0.2 degrees for the 001 reflection). The transmission spectrum method has been used to measure the dispersion of the refractive index. At 632.8 nm, the PbTiO(3) film with an (001) orientation exhibits a refractive index of 2.61, which represents 98% of the bulk material. The prism-coupling technique has been also employed to determine the optical attenuation in the planar waveguide. In this study, we report a low propagation loss of 2.2 ? 0.2 dB/cm obtained in a PbTiO(3) optical waveguide.