Conceptualization and Measurement of Argumentativeness: A Decade Later
The factor structure as well as criterion-related validity of Argumentativeness were examined in three independent samples (N = 811) with correlations including confirmatory factor analysis. Factor scores show that Approach-oriented and Avoidance-oriented Argumentativeness are negatively correlated. In addition, a factor of Evaluation of Argumentative Skills was established for self-ratings and peer-ratings. Scores on Avoidance-oriented Argumentativeness correlate strongly with Compliance and scores on Approach-oriented Argumentativeness correlate low with Assertiveness. Scores of Approach-oriented Argumentativeness correlate with Openness to Experience from the NEO-Five Factor Inventory and scores of Avoidance-oriented Argumentativeness with Neuroticism. Self-evaluations and evaluations by two independent raters in an adult sample were positively correlated.