Supercapacitors or electrochemical capacitors: New energy storage device and alternative to battery
Electrochemical capacitors, also called supercapacitors or ultracapacitors, store energy using either ion adsorption (electrochemical double layer capacitors) or fast surface redox reactions or faradaic reactions (pseudo-capacitors/ redox-capacitors). They can complement or replace batteries in electrical energy storage and harvesting applications, when high power delivery or uptake is needed. A notable improvement in performance has been achieved through recent advances in understanding charge storage mechanisms and the development of advanced nanostructured materials. This review article focuses on the recent advancement of supercapacitors as energy storage device.