Electrical stimulation of the central nucleus of the amygdala induces fos-like immunoreactivity in the hypothalamus of the rat: a quantitative study.
The effect of electrical stimulation of an important forebrain autonomic structure, the central nucleus of the amygdala (CNA), on c-fos expression in three hypothalamic nuclei was studied in rat with immunocytochemistry to reveal the protein (Fos) encoded by the immediate early gene (IEG). Image analysis was used to quantify the Fos immunoreactive neurons within the supraoptic (SON), paraventricular (PVN), and arcuate (AN) nuclei. Stimulation for 60 min induced a statistically significant increase of the number of Fos immunoreactive neurons in all three nuclei ipsilateral to the CNA stimulation site. Double immunocytochemical staining (Fos and vasopressin or Fos and oxytocin) was employed to evaluate the participation of different subpopulations of neurons within the SON and PVN in response to CNA stimulation. In the SON, the increased number of Fos immunoreactive nuclei following the stimulation was observed in the vasopressin and oxytocin-secreting cells within this nucleus. In the PVN, the increase in the number of Fos immunoreactive neurons was predominantly within the parvocellular compartment. These studies demonstrate that IEG expression in hypothalamic neurons can be evoked as a result of afferent stimulation from the CNA. Activation of peptide- and hormone-containing neurons within the SON, PVN and AN, through mono- or multisynaptic pathways, may play a role in hormonal and autonomic responses.