Soluble calcium-binding proteins (SCBPs) of the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris: possible role as relaxation factors in muscle
The soluble Ca2+-binding protein (SCBP) from the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris was analyzed with regard to its role as a soluble muscle relaxation factor. The actomyosin ATPase activity was inhibited by the addition of decalcified SCBP as it binds Ca2+ stronger than the regulatory proteins associated with the actomyosin. Competitive 45Ca2+-binding assays with decalcified actomyosin and SCBP showed that 45Ca2+ is first bound to actomyosin and is subsequently taken over by SCBP with increasing incubation time. Ca2+ competition experiments carried out with 45Ca2+ loaded SCBP and fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles revealed that 45Ca2+ bound to SCBP can be deprived by the ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Furthermore, experiments in a diffusion chamber showed that the addition of SCBP significantly enhances the 45Ca2+ flux in a concentration dependent manner. The amount of the Ca2+ flux increase tends to reach a maximum value of about 70%. With all protein components isolated from the obliquely striated muscle, our in vitro experiments consistently show that SCBP may accelerate muscle relaxation similar as assumed for vertebrate parvalbumin.