Temperature dependence of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase expression in fish hearts
Cardiac function in fish acclimates to long-term temperature shifts by generating compensatory changes in structure and function of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) including the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2). The current study compares temperature responses of the cardiac SERCA in two fish species, burbot (Lota lota) and crucian carp (Carassius carassius), which differ in regard to thermal tolerance and activity pattern. Burbot are cold stenothermal and cold-active, while crucian carp are eurythermal and cold-dormant. The fish were acclimated at 4 °C (cold-acclimation, CA) or 18 °C (warm-acclimation, WA) and expression of SERCA proteins and transcript was measured from atrium and ventricle. Burbot heart expresses one major isoform of SERCA (110 kDa), while crucian carp heart expresses two isoforms (110 and 93 kDa). Expression of SERCA proteins was about four times higher (P < 0.05) in the heart of CA burbot than WA burbot, in both cardiac chambers. In the heart of crucian carp, thermal acclimation did not affect SERCA proteins, in either chamber (P > 0.05). The expression of SERCA transcripts did not follow the expression pattern of SERCA protein in either species, suggesting that SERCA expression is mainly regulated posttranscriptionally. These findings show that the stenothermal and cold-active burbot compensates for the decrease in ambient temperature by increasing the expression of SERCA. In the eurythermal and cold-dormant crucian carp SERCA expression is independent of temperature, while the presence of two SERCA isoforms may provide some thermal independence in SR Ca2+ pumping.