Hemodynamics alteration in patient-specific dilated ascending thoracic aortas with tricuspid and bicuspid aortic valves.
In this paper, we evaluate computationally the influence of blood flow eccentricity and valve phenotype (bicuspid (BAV) and tricuspid (TAV) aortic valve) on hemodynamics in ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA) patients. 5 TAV ATAA, 5 BAV ATAA (ascending aorta diameter >35 mm) and 2 healthy subjects underwent 4D flow MRI. The 3D velocity profiles obtained from 4D flow MRI were given as input boundary conditions to a computational fluid dynamics analysis (CFD) model. After performing the CFD analyses, we verified that the obtained time-averaged velocity profiles and flow eccentricity were in good agreement with 4D flow MRI. Then we used the CFD analyses to evaluate the time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) and the local normalized helicity (LNH). We found that the flow eccentricities at the aortic root were not significantly different (p > 0.05) between TAV and BAV phenotypes. TAWSS (R2 = 0.697, p = 0.025) and absolute LNH (R2 = 0.964, p < 0.001) are in good correlation with flow eccentricity. We conclude that eccentricity at the aortic root is a major determinant of hemodynamics patterns in ATAA patients regardless of the aortic valve phenotype.