A Proposed Educational Program to Limit Bullying among the Students of Basic Stage in Jordan Dr
The study aimed at laying a proposed educational program to limit bullying among students of the Basic stage in Jordan. The sample of study consisted of (744) male and female students from the University District, Directorate of Education, in (2014 2015) The surveying development curriculum was employed. To achieve the objective of study a tool (questionnaire) had been developed, and appropriate statistical techniques were employed. And the study had deduced the following results: The whole estimation to the degree of bullying spread among the students of basic stage in Jordan from the point of view of students came a degree of medium. The program included a group of the roles that the family does to limit bullying, in addition to the role of school represented in the school administration, school counselor, the teacher and the student in limiting the bullying behavior. The program also included the role of media means and the role of preaching and guidance and men of religion in limiting the bullying behavior. And the program dealt with the possibility of establishing what is called the school security to limit the bullying behavior at the students of basic stage. The study recommended to get benefit from the program which had been deduced for the sake of building an integrated organization to limit the bullying at the students in this stage, by each doing his role to make a peaceful school environment available, enhancing ties of love, cooperation and familiarity among students, to be a school of an environment of attraction and innovation. The Introduction School participates effectively in building the student's character. It also plays a significant role in his social, cognitive and psychological developments in order to make him an active member in society who participates effectively in the development of the society he lives in. School also aims to make the student a person who is aware and well informed about his rights and duties. It also aim to make him live safely in a society that provides him with opportunities of living decently. There are many factors that have consequences that have affected the educational process negatively and positively. Such factors may include the contemporary challenges that societies are facing in the current age of technology and scientific developments. Such factors include the contacts of many cultures with each other, and the spread of many TV channels. Hence, that increased the spread of some educational and behavioral problems of school students. That has also affected school students 'behaviors and the way they cope with the surrounding environment. That has also led to the emergence and development of the phenomenon of bullying one another. The effective school aims to provide the learner with all the circumstances that can guarantee providing him with the all the means that can help him to develop and achieve success. That is because the student can't enjoy healthy development and growth without providing him with an educational environment that is full of stimuli which can boost his energy levels and develop his social, psychological, physical and mental abilities (Qutami, 2007).All of that depends on the interaction process between students. Such interaction may be positive through being full of the indicators of respect, love, British Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 55 December 2016, Vol. 15 (2) (c) 2016 British Journals ISSN 2048 1268 participation, and productive work. However, such interaction can be negative through being full of the indicators of bullying and aggressive behaviors. Thus, if the educational environment did not provide the student with emotive security, that shall generate feelings of anxiety, stress and depression within himself about his social relationships with other. Thus, that would have negative impacts upon his concentration level. It would also make him feel inferior, lose his selfconfidence and lack abilities of coping socially. All of that can participate in reducing his levels of interaction with the surroundings, self motivation, and achievements. On the contrary, if the educational environment provided the student with emotive security, then that shall be reflected positively upon the student. For example, it would make him able to handle responsibilities and face challenges by his own. It shall also make him part of a harmonious consistent environment that can produce individuals who are able to create and think (Al Abadi, 2005) One of the problems of bullying is that schools and parents are usually not fully aware about the problem and its existence. That is because parents usually do not have many conversations with their children about what happens with them in the school and its square and corridors. Another reason for the parents' lack of full awareness about such thing is that children tend to hide their sufferings from their parents in order to avoid being described as weak. It should be noted that parents and school must be fully aware about the nature of such problem, in order to help children in facing the problem of bullying and encourage them to do that. In this manner, parents and schools would succeed in handling this problem and dealing with it. School bullying is a problem that has been existing since a long time ago in all the advanced and developing societies. This problem may also occur in different age categories starting from childhood till higher age categories within the school. All forms of bullying may occur within the school. For instance, students may bully one another, teachers may bully students, administrators may bully teachers and students, and parents and individuals from the local community may also bully teachers and administrators (Field, 2005) Bullying school students is considered a social, personal and educational problem. This problem is increasingly becoming dangerous due to its negative impacts upon the school environment and the individual's social, emotive and cognitive developments (Abu Ghazal, 2009) Bullying can deprive the student from his right to receive education in safe school environment. Furthermore, bullying can also affect his academic achievement. Olweus is considered one of the people who initiated attempts to define bullying in a scientific manner. He defined it as being: one of the forms of violence that is widely spread between children and teenagers and it refers to the intentional act of causing harm or distress to someone which may be committed by one person or more. The bullier may use direct or indirect acts to bully others. Direct bullying refers to an explicit verbal or physical attack. As for the indirect attack, it refers to excluding someone socially through using indirect methods, such as: spreading rumors. It should be noted that indirect bullying may affect the individual's performance negatively in the same way the direct one affects it (Olweus, 1993) Thus, bullying is an intentional behavioral that aims to cause physical, verbal, or psychological harm for someone or committing an offense against any of his properties. Bullying can be also electronic. It usually occurs by a powerful dominant party against an individual who is not expected: to act against the neither assault, nor use force to act against the initiated force. He is also not expected to report about the bullying incident to his teenager colleagues within his environment. Owuso, Hart, Oliver and Kang (2011) believe that bullying in early age categories is considered (for males) as an indicator of having a high probability to commit a delinquency in the future. They also believe that bullying in such an age category can be an indicator (for girls) that they have a high probability to harm themselves in the future. It is noticed that the victims of bullying have more tendencies to become bulliers in later stages of their lives. Thus, bulling is considered one of the most British Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 56 December 2016, Vol. 15 (2) (c) 2016 British Journals ISSN 2048 1268 important factors that can predict the probabilities of committing a delinquency in later stages of one's life (Heino, frodj, Marthen,2010) What's worth mentioning is that the problem of bullying which carries much aggression within it launched against others doesn't have negative effects only upon the bulliers, but it also have negative effects upon the victims, witnesses and the whole school environment. For instance, the bullier may show disordered, aggressive and anti social behaviors. He also shows lack of social adjustment and he may get suspended from school (Scholte et al. 2007) The programs that aim to minimize and reduce the bulling behaviors do not aim only at addressing and targeting school students only, but they aim also at changing the culture and the school environment to target the bulliers and their victims. It is very significant to make these program play significant roles and implement interventions on the school and family levels. These programs shall target the roles of the administrators, counselor, teachers, students, and institutions of socialization. Addressing the problem of bulling and investigating its dimensions require initially acknowledging its existence instead of denying its existence hastily, or definitely. After acknowledging its existence, the first step to take is to investigate its dimensions and then set various types of solutions that can resolve this problem and reduce its spread. However, the most important solutions include having complete honesty between the students and their families and letting these families keep track of the academic achievement of those students. Then, the school should provide the students with much care and attention and it must take the proper procedures fast against any bullying behavior they deduct in school. The higher primary stage of school is considered as a significant stage, because education in this st