Ventilation and Air Conditioning in Tunnels and Underground Stations
This chapter is an overview of the state of the art and advanced principles in the field of ventilation and air conditioning (AC) in tunnels and underground stations. The first part is dedicated to the background which deals with the design objectives that are generally retained for normal and emergency operation of underground rail projects. The second part provides solutions and recommendations of ventilation and AC strategies that can be used in metro and rail projects. Advantages and drawbacks of the proposed solutions are also discussed. The main parameters that can influence the design are introduced in this section. The possibility of using draught relief shaft is detailed. Advantages of Platform Screen doors and heat sink effects are also described. Various cooling technologies of station air conditioning systems are presented. Critical issues when designing longitudinal ventilation system for tunnel emergency situations are also discussed. The last part is a short list of future research directions in the field of cooling heating production for air conditioning systems.