Nutritional and technological characteristics of common and spelt wheats are affected by mineral fertilizer and organic stimulator NANO GRO
The effect of biostimulators on plants affects an increase in the level of plant resistance to stress factors which normally occurs in plants, while under non stress conditions it affects better utilization of the genetically conditioned potential. Based on the field experiments conducted in the years 2011 2013 at the Experimental Station in Tomaszkowo, the effect of mineral fertilization and an organic plant growth stimulator, NANO GRO(r) was determined on the height of grain yield and its components, on the content of macro and microelements and technological quality (protein and its fraction composition, starch, gluten, Zeleny index, hardness and bulk density) in the grain of common wheat and spelt. The combined application of basic mineral fertilization (NPK) with an organic growth stimulator, NANO GRO(r) had no effect on the grain yield and its components in common wheat and spelt, except increasing 1000 grain weight in spelt. Additional spraying of plants with preparation NANO GRO(r) contributed to an increase in the content of P, Ca, Cu, Mn, Zn, a decrease in Mg content in spelt grain, an increase in the amount of Cu, Fe, and a decrease in Mg, Ca, Mn in wheat grain. It also caused an increase in the content of protein, gluten and Zeleny index, and a decrease in bulk density in common wheat grain. The content of starch increased in spelt grain, while the content of protein, gluten and grain hardness decreased. The amount of enzymatic proteins (albumins and globulins) increased in both cereals, while the amount of glutenins (as a result of a decrease in low molecular weight fractions, LMW) increased in spelt grain. An increase in gliadins was observed (o, a/b, g) as well as a decrease in the total glutenins (as a result of a decrease in LMW fractions) in common wheat grain. The use of the growth stimulator NANO GRO(r) favorably affected the ratio of gliadins to glutenins in spelt grain.