Energy consumption optimization in schools sector in Jordan
This research is on optimizing energy consumption in schools in Jordan. Classrooms are addressed; since they consume the largest part of energy, comfort and well being of students are the main objectives pursued in the educational environment. The objective is to conclude optimum solutions for minimum energy demand, taking into consideration the provision of a thermally comfortable environment inside. Building performance simulation (using DesignBuilder(r) software) [DesignBuilder(r) n.d. Thermal Simulation Software, USA. Accessed February 12, 2011. http:/www.designbuildersoftware.com] was used to support design optimization and to conduct numerical comparisons between different cases for all proposed study parameters. Two basic orientations were experimented in this research, while the other two skewed orientations would be experimented in a subsequent research. In the research, 108 model runs were simulated, experimenting the effect of (1) window to wall area ratio, (2) window panes, (3) shading devices and (4) building envelope insulation on energy savings, when compared to the conventional base case design. Conclusions provided an Energy Use Index for energy consumption optimization, and recommendations were given to establish a regulatory base for minimum design criteria requirements for school buildings' main facades, in order to reduce energy demand and provide indoor thermal comfort, for hot arid climates.