A Tale of Two Trajectories: Civil Military Relations in Pakistan and India
Since the partition of the British Indian Empire in August 1947, the two emergent nations, India and Pakistan, have followed markedly divergent trajectories. Though both trace their roots to the same colonial constitutional order one has become democracy. Today, for all its myriad problems, democracy is now the only game in town in India. Pakistan, despite multiple transitions to democracy, is a state where the military establishment remains primus inter pares. Why have the pathways of the two states proven to be so different? A number of scholars have proffered compelling explanations for the historical evolution of the two states. Of these Maya Tudor's analysis is probably the most convincing. Tudor has shown that the structure, social basis and organization of the two nationalist movements, one plural and democratic