Association of Genetic Polymorphisms in TNF and MIF Gene with the Risk of Primary Dysmenorrhea
Primary dysmenorrhea, which affects 90 of adolescent girls and more than 50 of menstruating women worldwide, is characterized by recurrent pain during menses in the absence of a detectable organic disease. The aim of this study is to assess the association between MIF 173 and TNF 308 genetic polymorphisms and the clinical features of primary dysmenorrhea. The study population comprised 154 unrelated female patients with clinical diagnosis of dysmenorrhea, and a total of 144 control subjects were recruited consecutively. The MIF 173G C promoter polymorphism (rs755622) and TNF gene 308G A (rs1800629) polymorphism were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction based restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. Two fragments (268 and 97 bp) were seen when the G allele was present at position 173, and three fragments (206, 97, and 62 bp) were observed when the C allele was present. Two fragments (87 and 20 bp) were seen when G allele was present at position 308. There were statistically significant associations between age at menarche and history of back pain among dysmenorrhea patients and MIF gene 173G C polymorphism (p 0.003 and p 0.042, respectively) The genotype and allele frequencies of 308G A polymorphism showed statistically significant differences between dysmenorrhea patients and controls (p 0.023 and p 0.009, respectively) A high association was also observed when the patients were compared with the controls according to the GG genotype versus GA+AA genotypes (p 0.009) The present study showed that the TNF a 308 GG genotype may be a useful tool to predict the susceptibility of dysmenorrhea.
Biochemical Genetics