Systems and Software Engineering
This chapter begins with a brief introduction to systems engineering in Sect. 6.1, which describes systems engineering as an interdisciplinary field of engineering primarily focused on how to successfully design, implement, evaluate, and manage complex engineered systems over their life cycles. It also introduces the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) ISO/IEC 15288:2008 standard. Section 6.2 describes the design challenges of cyber physical systems (CPS) and their impact on systems engineering with reference to requirements definition and management using Cradle Cradle is a requirements management and systems engineering tool that integrates the entire project life cycle into one, massively scalable, integrated, multiuser software product. Section 6.3 introduces the principal concept of software engineering with special focus on the V model and Agile software development methodology. Section 6.4 introduces the different requirements in software design in CPS It also includes the software requirements standard American National Standards Institute/Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (ANSI/IEEE) 29148 2011. Section 6.5 provides a maritime area case study which focuses on tracking and monitoring containers at ports and on ships as well as tracking and monitoring containers transported from a sea gate port to a dry port. Section 6.6 contains comprehensive questions from the introduction to systems engineering topics, followed by references and suggestions for further reading.