Validacion y adaptacion del cuestionario de calidad de vida en el trabajo (QWLQ) y del cuestionario generico de estres en el trabajo (GJSQ)
El proposito de este estudio fue traducir, adaptar y validar dos instrumentos desarrollados por el Instituto Nacional de Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional para medir las percepciones de calidad de vida y estres en el trabajo en la poblacion puertorriquena. Administramos ambos instrumentos a una poblacion de 321 participantes seleccionados(as) por disponibilidad del sector privado (50.1% y publico (48.9% en su mayoria nacidos(as) en Puerto Rico (93% de genero femenino (72.2% entre los 21 y 70 anos de edad, casados(as) (53.2% y con una preparacion academica minima de bachillerato (90.4% Los analisis de factores de ambos instrumentos produjeron varias sub escalas las cuales relacionamos con cinco variables asociadas a la calidad de vida y al estres: percepciones de salud fisica y psicologica, satisfaccion, estres en el trabajo, agotamiento e intencion de renunciar. Encontramos relaciones positivas significativas entre los indicadores de calidad de vida y la percepcion de salud fisica y psicologica y satisfaccion y relaciones significativas negativas con el estres, el agotamiento y la intencion de renunciar. En relacion con las fuentes de estres las relaciones fueron inversas. Finalmente, examinamos diferencias por grupos entre las variables genero y sector con las variables de estudio. No hubo diferencias estadisticamente significativas determinadas por genero, pero si encontramos diferencias significativas por sector (publico y privado) para la variable estres en el trabajo. Abstract The purpose of this study was to translate, adapt and validate for the Puerto Rican population two questionnaires developed by National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) to assess the quality of work life and job stress. A sample of 321 employees from public (49% and private (51% organizations were recruited, they were mostly born in Puerto Rico (93% women (72.2% between 21 to 70 years old, married (52.2% with a minimum of college degree (90.4% The factor analysis of both questionnaires produced subscales which we correlated with the variables physical and psychological health, job satisfaction, job stress, exhaustion and intent to leave. There were significant positive correlations between the quality of work life indicators and the participant's perceptions of physical and psychological health and satisfaction and significant negative correlations with their perceptions of stress, exhaustion and intent to leave. We found inverse relations with stress, this is, the stressors and strains measured showed significant negative relations with the participant's perceptions of physical and psychological health and job satisfaction; and significant positive relations with the participant's perception of stress, exhaustion and intent to leave. Finally, we examined group differences determined by gender and work sector (private and public) We did not find significant differences determined by gender but there were differences in the perception of stress determined by work sector.