Efficient Near Infrared Transparent Perovskite Solar Cells Enabling Direct Comparison of 4 Terminal and Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Cells
Combining market proven silicon solar cell technology with an efficient wide band gap top cell into a tandem device is an attractive approach to reduce the cost of photovoltaic systems. For this, perovskite solar cells are promising high efficiency top cell candidates, but their typical device size <0.2 cm2) is still far from standard industrial sizes. We present a 1 cm2 near infrared transparent perovskite solar cell with 14.5% steady state efficiency, as compared to 16.4% on 0.25 cm2. By mechanically stacking these cells with silicon heterojunction cells, we experimentally demonstrate a 4 terminal tandem measurement with a steady state efficiency of 25.2% with a 0.25 cm2 top cell. The developed top cell processing methods enable the fabrication of a 20.5% efficient and 1.43 cm2 large monolithic perovskite/silicon heterojunction tandem solar cell, featuring a rear side textured bottom cell to increase its near infrared spectral response. Finally, we compare both tandem configurations to identify effic.