122199963
Measurement of Prompt Muon Production in Nucleon-Nucleus Collisions.
118973535
Some Recent Advances in Neutrino Physics
One answer to questions concerning the subject matter of elementary particle physics and its position within the physical sciences is that particle physics is the study of creation. To justify this idea, at least in part, consider the “big bang” model of creation of the universe. In that model the primeval fireball involved very high temperatures, estimated to be greater than 1011 degrees Kelvin (°K), which is to be compared with the interior temperature of the sun at about 107 degrees Kelvin. We believe the sun to be a nuclear furnace, generating its energy by individual nuclear interactions in the million electron volt (MeV) energy range. In the “big bang” the energies involved in the individual particle interactions would have been more than 104 times larger than in the sun, and thus in the tens of giga-electron volts (GeV). This is precisely the energy region of present-day high energy or elementary particle physics laboratory experiments. In this sense, then, laboratory experiments that study, even indirectly, lepton-lepton scattering or quark-quark interactions are revisiting creation.
121246612
Scaling-variable distributions in high-energy inelastic neutrino interactions
123899161
NEUTRINOS AND MUONS IN AREA 1.
38997255
Prototype detector for ultrahigh energy neutrino detection
Abstract Necessary technical experience is being gained from successful construction and deployment of current prototype detectors to search for UHE neutrinos in Antarctica, Lake Baikal in Russia, and the Mediterranean. The prototype detectors have also the important central purpose of determining whether or not UHE neutrinos do in fact exist in nature by observation of at least a few UHE neutrino-induced leptons with properties that are not consistent with expected backgrounds. We discuss here the criteria for a prototype detector to accomplish that purpose in a convincing way even if the UHE neutrino flux is substantially lower than predicted at present.
118712243
Comments on the letter «Limits on the electromagnetic production of heavy leptons»
118892945
GOVERNING DYNAMICS BY SQUEEZING IN A SYSTEM OF COLD TRAPPED IONS
Department of Physics, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel~Received 4 June 1998!We consider a system of laser-cooled ions in a linear harmonic trap and study the phenomenon of squeezingexchange between their internal and motional degrees of freedom. An interesting relation between the quantumnoise reduction ~squeezing! and the dynamical evolution is found when the internal and motional subsystemsare prepared in properly squeezed ~intelligent! states. Speciﬁcally, the evolution of the system is fully governedby the relative strengths of spectroscopic and motional squeezing, including the phenomenon of total cancel-lation of the interaction when the initial squeezing parameters are equal. @S1050-2947~99!01401-8#PACS number~s!: 03.65.Bz, 42.50.Dv, 42.50.Vk, 32.80.Qk
120768053
Dips in one-pion production processes from a statistical point of view
119389242
Derivation of the critical temperature for the superfluid phase of hadronic matter
Abstract We give a quantitative derivation of the temperature at which superfluidity of hadronic matter ends. Using considerations similar to those used by Landau for 4 He, we find T c ⩽ 190 MeV in close agreement with Hagedorn's “limiting” temperature.
39771192
Quantum statistical properties of the radiation field in a cavity with a movable mirror
A quantum system composed of a cavity radiation field interacting with a movable mirror is considered and quantum statistical properties of the field are studied. Such a system can serve, in principle, as an idealized meter for detection of a weak classical force coupled to the mirror which is modelled by a quantum harmonic oscillator. It is shown that the standard quantum limit on the measurement of the mirror position arises naturally from the properties of the system during its dynamical evolution. However, the force detection sensitivity of the system falls short of the corresponding standard quantum limit. We also study the effect of the nonlinear interaction between the moving mirror and the radiation pressure on the quadrature fluctuations of the initially coherent cavity field.
119280331
Calorimeter-Based Triggers at the ATLAS Detector for Searches for Supersymmetry in Zero-Lepton Final States
This thesis consists of three closely related parts. An analysis of data recorded by the ATLAS detector in 2010 in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with an integrated luminosity of 33.4 pb-1 is performed, searching for supersymmetric final states containing jets and missing transverse energy and no electrons or muons (zero-lepton channel). No excess over the Standard Model background expectation is observed. Using the CLs and PLR methods, exclusion limits are set in a minimal supergravity model with tan β = 3, A0 = 0 GeV and μ > 0 and in a simplified supergravity model. These considerably extend the excluded parameter ranges from earlier experiments. The analysis validates the official analysis carried out within the ATLAS Supersymmetry group and additionally takes into account the uncertainty from pile-up effects.The rates and efficiencies of triggers based on combined signatures with jets plus missing transverse energy in ATLAS are studied, which are the primary triggers for the search for Supersymmetry in the zero-lepton channel. Methods to measure the efficiencies on data are tested and optimized to obtain sufficient statistics. For the measurement of the efficiencies in data collected in 2010 and 2011, the bootstrap method is applied to correct for the sample trigger bias. Different sample triggers based on jets and missing transverse energy are compared and their efficiencies are measured. A reweighting approach is studied and used to correct for the bias from the propagation of the uncertainties in the bootstrap method. The resulting efficiency estimates for the primary triggers allow to determine the onset of the plateau of the two-dimensional turn-on curves and are input to the official analyses in the ATLAS Supersymmetry group in 2010 and 2011.A universal model is developed to describe the contribution of fake missing transverse energy from resolution effects to the rates of missing transverse energy triggers as function of the level of in-time pile-up, i.e. the number of concurrent proton-proton interactions. The input parameters to tune the model to the properties of the ATLAS triggers are determined, and the model predictions are compared to measurements of trigger rates in ATLAS. Good agreement is found for missing transverse energy triggers with low thresholds for which the rates are dominated by resolution effects, whereas the rates for higher thresholds are underestimated due to additional sources of fake and real missing transverse energy which are not incorporated in the model.