118397512
Dynamical evolution of scalar perturbation in Hořava-Lifshitz black-hole spacetimes
We study the dynamical evolution of a massless scalar perturbation in the Ho\ifmmode \check{r}\else \v{r}\fi{}ava-Lifshitz black-hole spacetimes with the coupling constants $\ensuremath{\lambda}=\frac{1}{3}$, $\ensuremath{\lambda}=\frac{1}{2}$ and $\ensuremath{\lambda}=3$, respectively. Our calculation shows that, for the three cases, the scalar perturbations decay without any oscillation in which the decay rate imprints the parameter of the Ho\ifmmode \check{r}\else \v{r}\fi{}ava-Lifshitz black hole. The results are quite different from those in the Schwarzschild AdS black hole and can help us understand more about the Ho\ifmmode \check{r}\else \v{r}\fi{}ava-Lifshitz gravity.
118415919
Wave dynamics of phantom scalar perturbation in the background of Schwarzschild black hole
Using Leaver's continue fraction and time domain method, we investigate the wave dynamics of phantom scalar perturbation in the background of Schwarzschild black hole. We find that the presence of the negative kinetic energy terms modifies the standard results in quasinormal spectrums and late-time behaviors of the scalar perturbations. The phantom scalar perturbation in the late-time evolution will grow with an exponential rate.
115944897
Entropy and topology of the Kerr-de Sitter black hole
By using the path integral method of Gibbons and Hawking, the entropy of the Kerr-de Sitter black hole is investigated under the microcanonical ensemble. We find that the entropy is one eighth the sum of the products of the Euler number of its cosmological horizon and event horizon with their respective areas. It is shown that the origin of the entropy of the black hole is related to the topology of its instanton.
119109295
Collision of two general geodesic particles around a Kerr-Newman black hole
We study collision of two general geodesic particles around the Kerr-Newman (KN) black hole and get the center-of-mass (CM) energy of the non-marginally and marginally bound critical particles in the direct collision and LSO collision scenarios. We find the constraint conditions that arbitrarily high CM energy can be obtained for the near-horizon collision of two general geodesic particles in the extremal KN black hole, and note that the charge decreases the value of the latitude in which arbitrarily high CM energy can occurs. We also interpret why the high-velocity collision belt centers to the equator with the increase of the charge.
121869215
Dirac quasinormal modes of the Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger dilaton black-hole spacetime
Adopting the P?schl?Teller potential approximation, the quasinormal frequencies of the massless Dirac fields are evaluated in the Garfinkle?Horowitz?Strominger dilaton black-hole spacetime. We find that the real parts of the quasinormal frequencies increase as the orbital angular momentum k or a increases, where a is a parameter related to the dilaton field. The magnitude of imaginary parts decreases with k for the fixed a and overtone number n, while for fixed k and n, it is not a monotonic function of a and has a maximum at a point near a = 1.4?1.6, where the waves decay most rapidly. Another interesting feature is that the imaginary parts tend to zero and the real parts to k/2 as a approaches 2. We also find that the variation of the imaginary parts with the real parts in the Garfinkle?Horowitz?Strominger dilaton hole spacetimes is nonlinear, which becomes more complex than that in the Reissner?Nordstr?m black-hole spacetime.
121404599
Is Hawking temperature modified by the quantum tunneling beyond semiclassical approximation
Hawking temperature of a static and spherically symmetric black hole beyond semiclassical approximation is studied. The calculations show us that different definition of the particle’s energy gives different Hawking temperature. However, we argue that the result obtained using the standard definition of the particle energy is reasonable because it keeps the validity of the first law of the thermodynamics, i.e., both the Hawking temperature and entropy are not modified by the quantum tunneling beyond semiclassical approximation. The result shows us that any hypothetical $${\hbar}$$ corrections to the tunneling rate are to be interpreted not as quantum corrections to the Hawking temperature but as fluctuations about a thermal background.
119321899
Geodesically complete analytic solutions for a cyclic universe
We present analytic solutions to a class of cosmological models described by a canonical scalar field minimally coupled to gravity and experiencing self interactions through a hyperbolic potential. Using models and methods inspired by 2T-physics, we show how analytic solutions can be obtained in flat/open/closed Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universes. Among the analytic solutions, there are many interesting geodesically complete cyclic solutions in which the universe bounces at either zero or finite sizes. When geodesic completeness is imposed, it restricts models and their parameters to a certain parameter subspace, including some quantization conditions on initial conditions in the case of zero-size bounces, but no conditions on initial conditions for the case of finite-size bounces. We will explain the theoretical origin of our model from the point of view of 2T-gravity as well as from the point of view of the colliding branes scenario in the context of M-theory. We will indicate how to associate solutions of the quantum Wheeler-deWitt equation with our classical analytic solutions, mention some physical aspects of the cyclic solutions, and outline future directions.
119191418
Fluctuations of differential number counts of radio continuum sources
We investigate the differential number counts of sources in radio continuum surveys, including all terms at linear order in cosmological perturbations. Our framework does not assume a specific gauge condition. This general approach allows us to recover gauge invariance explicitly. With the complete derivations of the covariant volume integral on the past light cone, we have identified several contributions in the number counts. To clarify their underlying physics, we present each contribution in terms of scalar, vector and tensor modes. This theoretical framework promises to be widely applicable to continuum radio galaxy surveys to model the expected angular power spectrum and two-point correlation.
22810790
Detective quantum efficiency of electron area detectors in electron microscopy
Recent progress in detector design has created the need for a careful side-by-side comparison of the modulation transfer function (MTF) and resolution-dependent detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of existing electron detectors with those of detectors based on new technology. We present MTF and DQE measurements for four types of detector: Kodak SO-163 film, TVIPS 224 charge coupled device (CCD) detector, the Medipix2 hybrid pixel detector, and an experimental direct electron monolithic active pixel sensor (MAPS) detector. Film and CCD performance was measured at 120 and 300 keV, while results are presented for the Medipix2 at 120 keV and for the MAPS detector at 300 keV. In the case of film, the effects of electron backscattering from both the holder and the plastic support have been investigated. We also show that part of the response of the emulsion in film comes from light generated in the plastic support. Computer simulations of film and the MAPS detector have been carried out and show good agreement with experiment. The agreement enables us to conclude that the DQE of a backthinned direct electron MAPS detector is likely to be equal to, or better than, that of film at 300 keV.
118839273
Cosmological perturbations in f(T) gravity
We investigate the cosmological perturbations in f(T) gravity. Examining the pure gravitational perturbations in the scalar sector using a diagonal vierbein, we extract the corresponding dispersion relation, which provides a constraint on the f(T) Ansaetze that lead to a theory free of instabilities. Additionally, upon inclusion of the matter perturbations, we derive the fully perturbed equations of motion, and we study the growth of matter overdensities. We show that f(T) gravity with f(T) constant coincides with General Relativity, both at the background as well as at the first-order perturbation level. Applying our formalism to the power-law model we find that on large subhorizon scales (O(100 Mpc) or larger), the evolution of matter overdensity will differ from {Lambda}CDM cosmology. Finally, examining the linear perturbations of the vector and tensor sectors, we find that (for the standard choice of vierbein) f(T) gravity is free of massive gravitons.
59928370
Matter bounce cosmology with the f(T) gravity
We show that the f(T) gravitational paradigm, in which gravity is described by an arbitrary function of the torsion scalar, can provide a mechanism for realizing bouncing cosmologies, thereby avoiding the Big Bang singularity. After constructing the simplest version of an f(T) matter bounce, we investigate the scalar and tensor modes of cosmological perturbations. Our results show that metric perturbations in the scalar sector lead to a background-dependent sound speed, which is a distinguishable feature from Einstein gravity. Additionally, we obtain a scale-invariant primordial power spectrum, which is consistent with cosmological observations, but suffers from the problem of a large tensor-to-scalar ratio. However, this can be avoided by introducing extra fields, such as a matter bounce curvaton.Communicated by P R L V Moniz