118130623
Quantum resonance scheme to measure the gravitational constant G
118441255
OPERA SUPERLUMINAL NEUTRINOS AND KINEMATICS IN FINSLER SPACETIME
The OPERA collaboration recently reported that the muon neutrinos could be superluminal. More recently, Cohen and Glashow pointed that such superluminal neutrinos would be suppressed since they lose their energies rapidly via bremsstrahlung. Here, we propose that the Finslerian nature of the space time could account for the superluminal phenomena of particles. The Finsler spacetime permits the existence of the superluminal behavior of particles while the causality still holds. A new dispersion relation is obtained in a class of Finsler spacetimes. It is shown that the superluminal speed is linearly dependent on the energy per unit mass of the particle. We find that such a superluminal speed formula is consistent with the data of the OPERA, MINOS and Fermilab-1979 neutrino experiments as well as the observations on the neutrinos from the SN1987A.
118861755
Constraints from Type IA Supernovae on {\lambda}-CDM Model in Randers-Finsler Space
Abstract Gravitational field equations in Randers-Finsler space of approximate Berwald type are investigated. A modified Friedmann equation and a new luminosity distance-redshift relation is proposed. A best-fit to the Type Ia supernovae (SNe) observations yields that the ΩΛ in the Λ-CDM model is suppressed to almost zero. This fact indicates that the astronomical observations on the Type Ia SNe can be described well without invoking any form of dark energy. The best-fit age of the universe is given. It is in agreement with the age of our galaxy.
119273385
Symmetry and special relativity in Finsler spacetime with constant curvature
Within the framework of projective geometry, we investigate kinematics and symmetry in (alpha, beta) spacetime one special types of Finsler spacetime. The projectively flat (alpha, beta) spacetime with constant flag curvature is divided into four types. The symmetry in type A-Riemann spacetime with constant sectional curvature-is just the one in de Sitter special relativity. The symmetry in type B-locally Minkowski spacetime-is just the one in very special relativity. It is found that type C-Funk spacetime and type D-scaled Berwald's metric spacetime both possess the Lorentz group as its isometric group. The geodesic equation, algebra and dispersion relation in the (alpha, beta) spacetime are given. The corresponding invariant special relativity in the four types of (alpha, beta) spacetime contain two parameters, the speed of light and a geometrical parameter, which may relate to the new physical scale. They all reduce to Einstein's special relativity while the geometrical parameter vanishes. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
15016243
A Possible scenario of the Pioneer anomaly in the framework of Finsler geometry
The weak field approximation of geodesics in Randers-Finsler space is investigated. We show that a Finsler structure of Randers space corresponds to the constant and sunward anomalous acceleration demonstrated by the Pioneer 10 and 11 data. The additional term in the geodesic equation acts as "electric force", which provides the anomalous acceleration. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
14726570
Massive domain wall fermions on four-dimensional anisotropic lattices
We formulate the massive domain wall fermions on anisotropic lattices. For the massive domain wall fermion, we find that the dispersion relation assumes the usual form in the low momentum region when the bare parameters are properly tuned. The quark self-energy and the quark field renormalization constants are calculated to one-loop in bare lattice perturbation theory. For light domain wall fermions, we verified that the chiral mode is stable against quantum fluctuations on anisotropic lattices. This calculation serves as a guidance for the tuning of the parameters in the quark action in future numerical simulations.
120176772
Design of the local trigger board for the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment
We have designed a local trigger board for the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment, which is aimed to measure the neutrino mixing angle sin(2) 2 theta(13) with a precision down to 1% level. The local trigger board processes both the total number of coincident photomultiplier tube (PMT) hits and the PMT energy sum to make trigger decisions. With this design, a high trigger probability is achieved to meet the system requirement. The design of the local trigger board is presented. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
119213789
$B \to K^{\ast} l^+ l^-$, $K l^+ l^-$ decays in a family non-universal $Z^{\prime}$ model
Motivated by the observed forward-backward asymmetry in $B\to K^{\ast} l^+ l^-$ decay, we perform a detailed analysis of this decay mode within a family non-universal $Z^{\prime}$ model. With the related coupling $Z^{\prime}-\bar{s}b$ constrained by $\bar{B}_s-B_s$ mixing, $B\to \pi K$, and $B\to X_s \mu^{+}\mu^{-}$ decays, we look for further constraint on the couplings $Z^{\prime}-\mu^{+}\mu^{-}$ from $A_{FB}(B\to K^{\ast} \mu^{+}\mu^{-})_{0 {\rm GeV}^2\leqslant q^2\leqslant 2 {\rm GeV}^2}$ and get numerically $B_{\mu\mu}^{L,R}\sim{\cal O}(10^{-2})$. Moreover, we find that the relations, $B_{\mu\mu}^{L}<B_{\mu\mu}^{R}$ and $B_{\mu\mu}^{L}+B_{\mu\mu}^{R}<0$, with a small negative $\phi_{s}^{L}$, are crucial to moderate the discrepancy for $A_{FB}(B\to K^{\ast} \mu^{+}\mu^{-})$ between the SM prediction and the experimental data. Numerically, comparing with the SM prediction, we find that $A_{FB}(B\to K^{\ast} \mu^{+}\mu^{-})_{0 {\rm GeV}^2\leqslant q^2\leqslant 2 {\rm GeV}^2}$ could be enhanced about 80% and 50% by $Z^{\prime}$ contribution at most in scenarios S1 and S2, corresponding to the two fitted results of $\phi_{s}$ by UTfit collaboration, respectively. However, the results are still about $1.5\sigma$ lower than the experimental measurement.
35621082
Local unitary classification of arbitrary dimensional multipartite pure states.
We propose a practical entanglement classification scheme for general multipartite pure states in arbitrary dimensions under local unitary equivalence by exploiting the high order singular value decomposition technique and local symmetries of the states. By virtue of this scheme, the method of determining the local unitary equivalence of n-qubit states proposed by Kraus is extended to the case for arbitrary dimensional multipartite states.
119191019
The effects of a family non-universal Z-prime boson on B--->pipi decays
Motivated by the measured large branching ratio of (the so-called ππ puzzle), we investigate the effects of a family nonuniversal Z′ model on the tree-dominated B → ππ decays. We find that the Z′ coupling parameter with a nontrivial new weak phase , which is relevant to the Z′ contributions to the QCD penguin sector △C5, is needed to reconcile the observed discrepancy. Combined with the recent fitting results from B → πK, πK* and ρK decays, the Z′ parameter spaces are severely reduced but still not excluded entirely, implying that both the "ππ" and "πK" puzzles could be accommodated simultaneously within such a family nonuniversal Z′ model.
118410842
$p$-wave chiral superfluidity from an $s$-wave interacting atomic Fermi gas
X iv :1 40 2. 59 95 v1 [ co nd -m at .q ua nt -g as ] 24 F eb 2 01 4 p-wave chiral superfluidity from an s-wave interacting atomic Fermi gas Bo Liu , Xiaopeng Li , Biao Wu, and W. Vincent Liu Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA 2 Condensed Matter Theory Center, University of Maryland, Co llege Park, MD 20742, USA Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College P ark, MD 20742, USA International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijin g, China (Dated: February 26, 2014) Abstract Chiralp-wave superfluids are fascinating topological quantum stat e of matter that have been found in the liquid 3He-A phase and arguably in the electronic Sr 2RuO4 superconductor. They are shown fundamentally related to the fractional 5/2 quantum Hall state which supports fractional exotic excita tions. A common understanding is that such states require spin-triplet pai ring of fermions due top-wave interaction. Here we report by controlled theoretical approximation that a cent er-of-mass Wannier p-wave chiral superfluid state can arise from spin-singlet pairing for an s-wave interacting atomic Fermi gas in an optical lattice. De spite a conceptually different origin, it shows topological prop erties similar to the conventional chiral p-wave state. These include a non-zero Chern number and the appeara nc of chiral fermionic zero modes bounded to domain walls. Several signature quantities are calculat ed for the cold atom experimental condition.