119228196
Latest observational constraints to the ghost dark energy model by using the Markov chain Monte Carlo approach
Recently, the vacuum energy of the QCD ghost field in a time-dependent background was proposed as a kind of dark energy candidate called the ghost dark energy model (GDE) to explain the acceleration of the Universe. In this model, the energy density of the dark energy is proportional to the Hubble parameter $H$, which is also regarded as the Hawking temperature on the Hubble horizon of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Universe. In this paper, the statefinder and $Om$ diagnostics are applied to the GDE models, and the differences among them are significant during the time of transition. And at that time, the viscosity plays an important role. Furthermore, we find that once the viscosity is taken into account, the age problem of Universe could be alleviated. We also perform a constraint on the GDE models with and without bulk viscosity by using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method and the combined latest observational data from the type Ia supernova compilations including Union2.1(580) and Union2(557), cosmic microwave background, baryon acoustic oscillation, and the observational Hubble parameter data.
118583711
A New Class of Parametrization for Dark Energy without Divergence
A new class of parametrization of the equation of state of dark energy is proposed in this paper. In contrast with the famous CPL parametrization, the equation of state with this new kind of parametrization does not divergent during the evolution of the Universe even in the future. By using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, we perform an observational constraint on two simplest dark energy models belonging to this new class of parametrization with the combined latest observational data from the type Ia supernova compilations including Union2(557), cosmic microwave background, and baryon acoustic oscillation.
118321008
Ricci Dark Energy in Brans-Dicke theory
A holographic dark energy from Ricci scalar curvature called Ricci dark energy was proposed recently. In this model the future event horizon area is replaced by the inverse of the Ricci scalar curvature. We study the evolution of equation of state of the Ricci dark energy and the transition from decelerated to accelerated expansion of the universe in the Brans-Dicke theory, which is a natural extension of general relativity. We find that the current acceleration of our universe is well explained.
16041279
Holographic Cosmological Constant and Dark Energy
A general holographic relation between UV and IR cutoff of an effective field theory is proposed. Taking the IR cutoff relevant to the dark energy as the Hubble scale, we find that the cosmological constant is highly suppressed by a numerical factor and the fine tuning problem seems alleviative. We also use different IR cutoffs to study the case in which the universe is composed of matter and dark energy.
73579088
Towards a realistic solution of the cosmological constant fine-tuning problem by Higgs inflation
Why is the cosmological constant Lambda observed today so much smaller than the Planck scale, and why is the Universe accelerating at present? This is the so-called cosmological constant fine-tuning problem. In this paper, we find that this problem may be solved with the help of Higgs inflation by simply assuming a variable cosmological "constant" during the inflationary epoch. Meanwhile, it could predict a large tensor-to-scalar ratio r approximate to 0.20 and a large running of the spectral index n(s)' approximate to -0.028 with a red-tilt spectrum n(s) approximate to 0.96, as well as a big enough number of e-folds N approximate to 40, requiring that we solve the problems in big bang cosmology with the help of Lambda.
119116661
Global behavior of cosmological dynamics with interacting Veneziano ghost
A bstractIn this paper, we shall study the dynamical behavior of the universe accelerated by the so called Veneziano ghost dark energy component locally and globally by using the linearization and nullcline method developed in this paper. The energy density is generalized to be proportional to the Hawking temperature defined on the trapping horizon instead of Hubble horizon of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe. We also give a prediction of the fate of the universe and present the bifurcation phenomenon of the dynamical system of the universe. It seems that the universe could be dominated by dark energy at present in some region of the parameter space.
140196480
TOF Clock System for BES III
In this paper, a system for providing a precisely timed clock to the time-of-flight (TOF) electronics at Beijing Spectrometer (BES III) is presented. System functions include radio-frequency reference signal transmission and low-jitter clock regeneration and distribution. A new clock synchronizing and monitoring mechanism is developed with off-the-shelf devices to synchronize the clock signal to the beam bunches. The measured short-term jitter performance of the system is 11 ps worst case, and robust synchronization to the beam bunches has also been demonstrated. The system has been installed and is operating reliably.
137255349
Electronics of BESIII TOF Monitor System
This paper describes the control electronics for the time of flight (TOF) monitor system of BESIII. A 9U VME module is designed as the interface between the TOF monitor laser box and BESIII data acquisition system. It takes charge of enabling the laser source, sending trigger signals to the laser driver, controlling the optic path, and measuring the charge and arrival time of pulses from two reference phototubes. The module also sends a Level 1 trigger to the TOF readout system, after each trigger pulse to the laser source. The interface and control logic are implemented in one Altera field-programmable gate array, and signals from the reference PMTs of the laser system are digitized with the CERN HPTDC technique. A series of experimental tests show that the time resolution of the monitor electronics is better than 25 ps, and the relative methodical error of the charge measurement is less than 0.5% after quadratic fitting. The TOF monitor system was installed at the end of 2007 and has been operating continuously since then. A total time resolution of about 70 ps and a charge resolution of about 4% of the TOF counters have been obtained during field monitor tests.
204935814
A new method of waveform digitization based on time-interleaved A/D conversion
Time interleaved analog-to-digital conversion (TIADC) based on parallelism is an effective way to meet the requirement of the ultra-fast waveform digitizer beyond Gsps. Different methods to correct the mismatch errors among different analog-to-digital conversion channels have been developed previously. To overcome the speed limitation in hardware design and to implement the mismatch correction algorithm in real time, this paper proposes a fully parallel correction algorithm. A 12-bit 1-Gsps waveform digitizer with ENOB around 10.5 bit from 5 MHz to 200 MHz is implemented based on the real-time correction algorithm.