118802177
Vibrating potential model for giant resonances in deformed metal clusters and atomic nuclei
The vibrating potential model is extended to provide a description of giant resonances in metal clusters and atomic nuclei with any kind of deformation.
125434188
RPA description of dipole oscillations in deformed sodium clusters
123206973
The interior of the charge transition density and the structure of low-lying states in deformed nuclei
The RPA calculations of charge transition densities (CTD) rho lambda mu nu (r) for the E2 transitions from the ground state to the low-lying Ipi Knu =2+2nu and 2+0nu states in 164Dy predict rather strong peaks of single-particle nature in the interior of the CTD. A simple explanation of the results is given. The reliability of the results obtained, their possible application to the study of the structure of low-lying states and some predictions for nuclei of the rare-earth region are discussed.
116346471
APPLICATION OF NUCLEAR THEORY METHODS TO NEW FAMILY OF FERMI SYSTEM
Duo to a remarkable progress in experimental techniques, the new family of .small Fermi systems (SFS) (metal clusters, fullerencs, helium clusters and quantum dots) was discovered about ten years ago. As was established, those Fermi systems have a striking similarity with atomic nuclei (see re­views and conference proceedings [1-9]). The most remarkable feature of now SFS is that they possess a mean field of the same kind as in atomic iniclci which allows one to investigate SFS by nuclear theory methods. If recent investigations of SFS have mainly been limited to atoms and atomic nuclei, our present possibilities have become much wider, We have really obtained a good chance for studying both a common behavior of SFS and a wonderful variety of their properties. In the present paper, the particular properties of the new SFS as well as the application of nuclear physics methods to their description are briefly reviewed. The properties of the new SFS and atomic nuclei are continually compared. The main attention is paid to metal clusters (MC) or, more precisely, to E\ giant resonances (GR) in this system. Iri Sec.2, the sketch of basic properties of MC as well as the perspectives of their investigation arc given. Sec.3 is devoted to the description of E\ GR in MC, In Sec.3 the properties of fullerencs, helium clusters and quantum dots are outlined. In Sec.4 the conclusions are presented.
117583655
Overlap of metal clusters and nuclear structure physics
121516467
CollectiveEλ excitations of surface character in spherical and deformed sodium clusters: vibrating potential model
The self-consistent vibrating potential model (VPM) is extended for the description ofEλ surface collective excitations in alkali metal clusters with practically any kind of static deformation. The case of spherical clusters is also covered. Any single-particle potentials and valence electron densities for which the coefficients of the multipole expansion are known can be used within the model. The strength function method incorporated into the model allows one to avoid solving the equations for every state and, as a result, simplifies the calculations drastically. The model is of a quite general character and can also be used for description of giant resonances in atomic nuclei if the Coulomb terms are neglected. The VPM is applied to calculate theE1,E2 andE3 excitations in spherical (Na8, Na20 and Na40) and deformed (Na10, Na18 and Na26) clusters.
122381995
Some properties of constraints in theories with degenerate Lagrangians
The Poisson brackets of the primary constraints are expressed by means of linear differential operators in terms of Lagrangian constraints. In the framework of the Lagrangian formalism the authors propose a sufficient criterion for existence in the theory of second class constraints. It is shown that invariance of the action with respect to transformations with arbitrary functions of the time leads to primary constraints that are in involution with one another and with the canonical Hamiltonian, at least in the weak sense. It follows from the analysis of the functional arbitrariness in the solutions of the Hamilton equations that such primary constraints must be first-class constraints.
15110448
On squaring the primary constraints in a generalized Hamiltonian dynamics
Abstract Consideration of the model of the relativistic particle with curvature and torsion in the three-dimensional space-time shows that the squaring of the primary constraints entails a wrong result. The complete set of the Hamiltonian constraints arising here correspond to another model with an action similar but not identical with the initial action.
2691762
Dynamics of relativistic particles with Lagrangians dependent on acceleration
Models of relativistic particles with Lagrangians L(k1), depending on the curvature of the worldline k1, are considered. By making use of the Frenet basis, the equations of motion are reformulated in terms of the principal curvatures of the worldline. It is shown that for arbitrary Lagrangian function L(k1) these equations are completely integrable, i.e., the principal curvatures are defined by integrals. The constants of integration are the particle mass and its spin. The developed method is applied to the study of a model of a relativistic particle with maximal proper acceleration, whose Lagrangian is uniquely determined by a modified form of the invariant relativistic interval. This model gives us an example of a consistent relativistic dynamics obeying the principle of a superiorly limited value of the acceleration, advanced recently.
118808799
Introduction to the relativistic string theory
This book presents a systematic and detailed account of the classical and quantum theory of the relativistic string and some of its modifications. Main attention is paid to the first-quantized string theory with possible applications to the string models of hadrons as well as to the superstring approach to unifications of all the fundamental interactions in the elementary particle physics and to the “cosmic” strings. Some new aspects are provided such as the consideration of the string in an external electromagnetic field and in the space-time of constant curvature (the de Sitter universe), the relativistic string loaded by point-like masses and the Cartan method for describing the classical string dynamics. The relativistic membranes and p-branes are also considered briefly. The book is sufficiently self-contained and can be considered as an introduction to this new and fast developing branch of the elementary particle physics.
122940277
The Hamiltonian Formalism in the Model of the Relativistic String With Rigidity
The model of the bosonic string with the Nambu-Goto action extended by the term proportional to the external curvature of the world sheet is explored. The external curvature of the world sheet is determined by the second order derivatives of the string coordinates. Thus, a modified Lagrangian is the singular Lagrangian of second order. The canonical variables for this theory are introduced, constraints are found and the Hamiltonian formulation of the classical dynamics in this theory is constructed. The transition to the quantum theory is briefly discussed.