118372212
Matching pre-equilibrium dynamics and viscous hydrodynamics
We demonstrate how to match pre-equilibrium dynamics of a $0+1$-dimensional quark-gluon plasma to second-order viscous hydrodynamical evolution. The matching allows us to specify the initial values of the energy density and shear tensor at the initial time of hydrodynamical evolution as a function of the lifetime of the pre-equilibrium period. We compare two models for pre-equilibrium quark-gluon plasma, longitudinal free streaming and collisionally broadened longitudinal expansion, and present analytic formulas that can be used to fix the necessary components of the energy-momentum tensor. The resulting dynamical models can be used to assess the effect of pre-equilibrium dynamics on quark-gluon plasma observables. Additionally, we investigate the dependence of entropy production on pre-equilibrium dynamics and discuss the limitations of the standard definitions of nonequilibrium entropy.
117317073
Anisotropic hydrodynamics - basic concepts
Due to the rapid longitudinal expansion of the quark-gluon plasma created in relativistic heavy ion collisions, potentially large local rest frame momentum-space anisotropies are generated. The magnitude of these momentum-space anisotropies can be so large as to violate the central assumption of canonical viscous hydrodynamical treatments which linearize around an isotropic background. In order to better describe the early-time dynamics of the quark gluon plasma, one can consider instead expanding around a locally anisotropic background which results in a dynamical framework called anisotropic hydrodynamics. In this proceedings contribution we review the basic concepts of the anisotropic hydrodynamics framework presenting viewpoints from both the phenomenological and microscopic points of view.
119256392
Constraining the onset of viscous hydrodynamics
Abstract We derive two general criteria that can be used to constrain the initial time of the onset of 2nd-order conformal viscous hydrodynamics in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We show this explicitly for 0+1 dimensional viscous hydrodynamics and discuss how to extend the constraint to higher dimensions.
119286570
Pre-equilibrium dilepton production from an anisotropic quark-gluon plasma
We calculate leading-order dilepton yields from a quark-gluon plasma that has a time-dependent anisotropy in momentum space. Such anisotropies can arise during the earliest stages of quark-gluon plasma evolution due to the rapid longitudinal expansion of the created matter. Two phenomenological models for the proper-time dependence of the parton hard momentum scale, ${p}_{\mathrm{hard}}$, and the plasma anisotropy parameter, \ensuremath{\xi}, are constructed that describe the transition of the plasma from its initial nonequilibrium state to an isotropic thermalized state. The first model constructed interpolates between 1+1 dimensional free streaming at early times and 1+1 dimensional ideal hydrodynamical expansion at late times. In the second model we include the effect of collisional broadening of the parton distribution functions in the early-time pre-equilibrium stage of plasma evolution. We find for both cases that for fixed initial conditions high-energy dilepton production is enhanced by pre-equilibrium emission. When the models are constrained to fixed final pion multiplicity the dependence of the resulting spectra on the assumed plasma isotropization time is reduced. Using our most realistic collisionally broadened model we find that high-transverse-momentum dilepton production would be enhanced by at most 40% at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and 50% at the CERN Large Hadron Collider if one assumes an isotropization/thermalization time of 2 fm/$c$. Given sufficiently precise experimental data this enhancement could be used to determine the plasma isotropization time experimentally.
2553762
Boost-Invariant (2+1)-Dimensional Anisotropic Hydrodynamics
We present results of the application of the anisotropic hydrodynamics (aHydro) framework to (2+1)-dimensional boost-invariant systems. The necessary aHydro dynamical equations are derived by taking moments of the Boltzmann equation using a momentum-space anisotropic one-particle distribution function. We present a derivation of the necessary equations and then proceed to numerical solutions of the resulting partial differential equations using both realistic smooth Glauber initial conditions and fluctuating Monte Carlo Glauber initial conditions. For this purpose we have developed two numerical implementations: one that is based on straightforward integration of the resulting partial differential equations supplemented by a two-dimensional weighted Lax-Friedrichs smoothing in the case of fluctuating initial conditions and another that is based on the application of the Kurganov-Tadmor central scheme. For our final results we compute the collective flow of the matter via the laboratory-frame energy-momentum tensor eccentricity as a function of the assumed shear viscosity-to-entropy ratio, proper time, and impact parameter.
118399487
Generalization of Gunion-Bertsch formula for soft gluon emission
We generalize the most extensively used Gunion-Bertsch formula for the soft gluon emission in a perturbative QCD. We show that the corrections arising due to this generalization could be very important for the phenomenology of the hot and dense matter produced in the heavy-ion collisions.
24465524
A 32-channel, 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS ASIC for the readout of the silicon drift detectors of the ALICE experiment
In this paper we present a 32 channel ASIC prototype for the readout of the silicon drift detectors (SDDs) of the ALICE experiment. The ASIC integrates on the same substrate 32 transimpedance amplifiers, a 32 /spl times/ 256 cell analogue memory and 16 successive approximation 10 bit A/D converters. The circuit amplifies and samples at 40 MS/s the input signal in a continuous way. When an external trigger signal validates the acquisition, the sampling is stopped and the data are digitized at lower speed (0.5 MS/s). The chip has been designed and fabricated in a commercial 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. It has been extensively tested both on a bench and connected with a detector in several beam tests. In this paper both design issues and test results are presented. The radiation tolerance of the design has been increased by special layout techniques. Total dose irradiation tests are also presented.
122001499
Experimental review of jet physics in hadronic collisions
In this contribution, a comprehensive review of the main aspects of high pT jet physics in Run II at the Tevatron is presented. Recent measurements on inclusive jet production are discussed using different jet algorithms and covering a wide region of jet transverse momentum and jet rapidity. Several measurements, sensitive to a proper description of soft gluon radiation and the underlying event in hadron collisions, are shown. Finally, high pT prompt photon measurements, and studies on the production of electroweak bosons in association with jets in the final state are discussed.
122254977
Inclusive Search for Squark and Gluino Production at CDF
We present preliminary results on the search for squark and gluino production in proton-antiproton collisions at s = 1.96 TeV using 1.1 fb −1 of CDF Run II data. Events with multiple jets of hadrons and large missing transverse energy in the final state are studied within mSUGRA framework and assuming R-parity conservation. No excess with respect to Standard Model predictions is observed. In a mSUGRA scenario with A 0 = 0 , μ 0 and tan β = 5 , we exclude masses up to about 380 GeV / c 2 at 95% C.L. in the region where gluino and squark masses are similar.
17360856
Jet Production at CDF
The Run 2 at Tevatron will define a new level of precision for QCD studies in hadron collisions. Both collider experiments, CDF and D0, expect to collect up to 15 fb{sup -1} of data in this new run period. The increase in instantaneous luminosity, center-of-mass energy (from 1.8 TeV to 2 TeV) and the improved acceptance of the detectors will allow stringent tests of the Standard Model (SM) predictions in extended regions of jet transverse energy, E{sub T}{sup jet}, and jet pseudorapidity, {eta}{sup jet}. In the following, a review of some of the most important QCD results from Run 1 is presented, together with first preliminary Run 2 measurements (based on the very first data collected by the experiment) and future prospects as the integrated luminosity increases.
11938821
Search for new phenomena in events with a monojet and large missing transverse momentum at the LHC using the ATLAS detector
We report preliminary results on a search for new phenomena in an event sample with monojets and large missing transverse momentum in the final state. The analysis uses 1.00 fb−1 of data collected in 2011 with the ATLAS detector [1]. Good agreement is observed between the number of events in data and the Standard Model predictions. The results are translated into improved limits on a model with Large Extra Dimensions.