15276899
The effect of cluster magnetic field on the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich power spectrum
Precision measurements of the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich (SZ) effect in upcoming blank sky surveys require theoretical understanding of all physical processes with ≳10 per cent effects on the SZ power spectrum. We show that the observed cluster magnetic field could reduce the SZ power spectrum by ∼20 per cent at l∼ 4000, where the SZ power spectrum will be precisely measured by the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich array (SZA) and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). At smaller scale, this effect is larger and could reach a factor of several. Such an effect must be considered for an unbiased interpretation of the SZ data. Although the magnetic effect on the SZ power spectrum is very similar to that of radiative cooling, it is measurable by multiband cosmic microwave background polarization measurement.
6161166
Dimming of Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Busts by Compton Scattering and Its Cosmological Implications
Free electrons deplete photons from Type Ia supernovae through the (inverse) Compton scattering. This Compton dimming increases with redshift and reaches 0.004 mag at z = 1 and 0.01 mag at z = 2. Although far from sufficient to invalidate the existence of dark energy, it can bias constraints on dark energy at a level nonnegligible for future supernova surveys. This effect is correctable and should be incorporated in supernova analysis. The Compton dimming has similar impact on cosmology based on gamma-ray bursts as standard candles.
17627683
Confirmation of the Copernican principle at Gpc radial scale and above from the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect power spectrum.
The Copernican principle, a cornerstone of modern cosmology, remains largely unproven at the Gpc radial scale and above. Here will show that violations of this type will inevitably cause a first order anisotropic kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. If large scale radial inhomogeneities have an amplitude large enough to explain the "dark energy" phenomena, the induced kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich power spectrum will be much larger than the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and/or South Pole Telescope upper limit. This single test confirms the Copernican principle and rules out the adiabatic void model as a viable alternative to dark energy.
119091401
The dark flow induced small-scale kinetic Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect
Recently, Kashlinsky et al. reported a discovery of a similar to 10(3) km s(-1) bulk flow of the Universe out to z similar or equal to 0.3, through the dark flow induced cosmic microwave background (CMB) dipole in directions of clusters. We point out that, if this dark flow exists, it will also induce observable CMB temperature fluctuations at multipole l similar to 10(3), through modulation of the inhomogeneous electron distribution on the uniform dark flow. The induced small-scale kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect will reach similar to 1 mu K-2 at multipole 10(3) less than or similar to l less than or similar to 10(4), only a factor of similar to 2 smaller than the conventional kinetic SZ effect. Furthermore, it will be correlated with the large-scale structure (LSS) and its correlation with Two-Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) galaxy distribution reaches 0.3 mu K at l = 10(3), under a directional dependent optimal weighting scheme. We estimate that, Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe plus 2MASS should already be able to detect this dark flow induced small-scale kinetic SZ effect with similar to 6 sigma confidence. Deeper galaxy surveys such as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey can further improve the measurement. Planck plus existing galaxy surveys can reach greater than or similar to 14 sigma detection. Existing CMB-LSS cross-correlation measurements shall be reanalysed to test the existence of the dark flow and, if it exists, shall be used to eliminate possible bias on the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect measurement through the CMB-LSS cross-correlation.
118557906
Type Ia supernovae as speed sensors at intermediate redshifts
Large scale peculiar velocity (LSPV) is a crucial probe of dark matter, dark energy, and gravity at cosmological scales. However, its application is severely limited by measurement obstacles. We show that fluctuations in type Ia supernovae fluxes induced by LSPV offer a promising approach to measure LSPV at intermediate redshifts. In the 3D Fourier space, gravitational lensing, the dominant systematical error, is well suppressed, localized, and can be further corrected effectively. Advances in supernova observations can further significantly reduce shot noise induced by supernova intrinsic fluctuations, which is the dominant statistical error. Robust mapping on the motion of the dark universe through type Ia supernovae is thus feasible to z similar to 0.5.
14253775
SELF CALIBRATION OF GALAXY BIAS IN SPECTROSCOPIC REDSHIFT SURVEYS OF BARYON ACOUSTIC OSCILLATIONS
Baryon acousticoscillation (BAO)isapowerfulprobeon theexpansion oftheuniverse,sheddinglight on elusive dark energy and gravity atcosm ologicalscales. BAO m easurem entsthrough biased trac- ersofthe underlying m atterdensityeld,asm ostproposalsdo,can reach high statisticalaccuracy. However,possible scale dependence in biasm ay induce non-negligiblesystem aticalerrors,especially forthem ostam bitiousspectroscopicsurveysproposed.W eshow thatprecision spectroscopicredshift inform ation availablein thesesurveysallowsfor selfcalibration ofthegalaxybiasand itsstochasticity, as function ofscale and redshift. Through the eect ofredshift distortion,one can sim ultaneously m easure the realspace powerspectra ofgalaxies,galaxy-velocity and velocity,respectively. Atrel- evantscalesofBAO,galaxy velocity faithfully tracesthatofthe underlying m atter. This valuable feature enablesa ratherm odelindependentway to m easure the galaxy biasand itsstochasticity by com paring the three power spectra. For the square kilom eter array (SKA),this selfcalibration is statistically accurateto correctfor1% levelshiftin BAO peak positionsinduced by biasscaledepen- dence.Furtherm ore,wend thatSKA isabletodetectBAO in thevelocity powerspectrum ,opening a new window forBAO cosm ology. Subjectheadings: cosm ology:distancescale{large-scalestructureofuniverse{theory 1. IN TRO D U CTIO N
118380199
Reconstructing the interaction between dark matter and holographic dark energy
We reconstruct the interaction rate between dark matter and the holographic dark energy with the parametrized equation of states and the future event horizon as the infrared cutoff length. It is shown that the observational constraints from the 192 type Ia Supernovae (SnIa) and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurement permit the negative interaction in the wide region. Moreover, the usual phenomenological descriptions cannot describe the reconstructed interaction well for many cases. The other possible interaction is also discussed.
122389578
The order parameter field for cosmic string, inflation and dark energy
We present a whole frame for the cosmic strings, inflation and dark energy with the complex scalar field which can be regarded as the order parameter of our universe. One can find that the comic strings emerge in the zeros of the complex scalar field in the early universe. And with the evolution of complex scalar field, inflation and dark energy can be understood in this frame.
118972486
Transverse force on a moving vortex with the acoustic geometry
Abstract We consider the transverse force on a moving vortex with the acoustic metric using the φ -mapping topological current theory. In the frame of effective space–time geometry the vortex appear naturally by virtue of the vortex tensor in the Lorentz space–time and we show that it is just the vortex derived with the order parameter in the condensed matter. With the usual Lagrangian we obtain the equation of motion for the vortex. At last, we show that the transverse force on the moving vortex in our equation is just the usual Magnus force in a simple model.
119681568
Topology, and (in)stability of non-Abelian monopoles
The stability problem of non-Abelian monopoles with respect to "Brandt-Neri-Coleman type" variations reduces to that of a pure gauge theory on the two-sphere. Each topological sector admits exactly one stable monopole charge, and each unstable monopole admits 2 Sigma(2 vertical bar q vertical bar - 1) negative modes, where the sum goes over the negative eigenvalues q of an operator related to the non-Abelian charge Q of Goddard, Nuyts and Olive. An explicit construction for the [up-to-conjugation] unique stable charge, as well as the negative modes of the Hessian at any other charge is given. The relation to loops in the residual group is explained. From the global point of view, the instability is associated with energy-reducing two-spheres, which, consistently with the Morse theory, generate the homology of the configuration space. Our spheres are tangent to the negative modes at the considered critical point, and may indicate possible decay routes of an unstable monopole as a cascade into lower lying critical points. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
9177547
TOPOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE MANY VORTICES SOLUTION IN JACKIW–PI MODEL
By using the gauge potential decomposition, we discuss the self-dual equation and its solution in Jackiw–Pi model. We obtain a new concrete self-dual equation and find relationship between Chern–Simons vortices solution and topological number which is determined by Hopf indices and Brouwer degrees of Ψ-mapping. To show the meaning of topological number we give several figures with different topological numbers. In order to investigate the topological properties of many vortices, we use five parameters (two positions, one scale, one phase per vortex and one charge of each vortex) to describe each vortex in many vortices solutions in Jackiw–Pi model. For many vortices, we give three figures with different topological numbers to show the effect of the charge on the many vortices solutions. We also study the quantization of flux of those vortices related to the topological numbers in this case.