118292440
Measurement of the angular distribution in anti-p p ---> psi(2S) ---> e+ e-
The authors present the first measurement of the angular distribution for the exclusive process {bar p}p {yields} {psi}(2S) {yields} e{sup +}e{sup -} based on a sample of 6844 events collected by the Fermilab E835 experiment. They find that the angular distribution is well described by the expected functional form dN/d cos {theta}* {proportional_to} 1 + {lambda} cos{sup 2} {theta}*, where {theta}* is the angle between the antiproton and the electron in the center of mass frame, with {lambda} = 0.67 {+-} 0.15(stat.) {+-} 0.04(sys.). The measured value for {lambda} implies a small but non zero {psi}(2S) helicity 0 formation amplitude in {bar p}p, comparable to what is observed in J/{psi} decays to baryon pairs.
123064237
The charged trigger of the experiment E835 at Fermilab
Abstract Fermilab experiment E835 studies the charmonium states primarily through their electromagnetic decays. A kinematical charged trigger has been designed to select the electromagnetic final states e + e − and e + e − X and the hadronic decay c c → φφ →4 K ± . A detailed description of the charged trigger is presented here. The design, its implementation and the performances are given.
119627299
HIGH-RESOLUTION SILICON DETECTORS FOR COLLIDING BEAM PHYSICS
Abstract Resolution and linearity of the position measurement of Pisa multi-electrode silicon detectors are presented. The detectors are operated in slightly underdepleted mode and take advantage of their intrinsic resistivity for resistive charge partition between adjacent strips. 22 μm resolution is achieved with readout lines spaced 300 μm. Possible applications in colliding beam experiments for the detection of secondary vertices are discussed.
119936495
Hadronic Physics with Antiprotons at FAIR
The physics program of the future FAIR facility covers a wide range of topics that address central issues of strong interactions and QCD. The antiproton beam of unprecedented quality in the momentum range from 1 GeV/c to 15 GeV/c will allow to make high precision, high statistics measurements, from charmonium spectroscopy to the search for exotic hadrons and the study of nucleon structure, from the study of in-medium modifications of hadron masses to the physics of hypernuclei. These topics form the scientific program of the PANDA experiment. In addition to that the possibility to polarize antiprotons will provide the possibility to perform new, unique measurements of single- and double-spin observables, which are part of the experimental program of PAX.
108986863
Performance measurements of histe-V VLPC photon detectors for E835 at FNAL
A set of 144 VLPC chips has been used by experiment E835 at FNAL for the readout of its scintillating fiber detector. During the data taking, the fibers have been exposed to rates up to 2.5×104 mips/sec, corresponding to 3.5×106 photons/sec on each VLPC pixel surface. This paper reports about a study on rate dependence of gain and quantum efficiency throughout the run, as well as VLPC failure statistics during operation. No significant aging effects are observed. A review about the overall system performance is given.
125331327
The Fermilab anti-p accumulator ring for the charmonium experiment
4982623
The gas content of peculiar galaxies: Strongly interacting systems
A study of the gas content in 1038 interacting galaxies, essentially selected from Arp, Arp & Madore, Vorontsov-Velyaminov catalogues and some of the published literature, is presented here. The data on the interstellar medium have been extracted from a number of sources in the literature and compared with a sample of 1916 normal galaxies. The mean values for each of the different ISM tracers (FIR, 21 cm, CO lines, X-ray) have been estimated by means of survival analysis techniques, in order to take into account the presence of upper limits. From the data it appears that interacting galaxies have a higher gas content than normal ones. Galaxies classified as ellipticals have both a dust and gas content one order of magni- tude higher than normal. Spirals have in most part a normal dust and HI content but an higher molecular gas mass. The X-ray luminosity also appears higher than that of normal galaxies of same morphological type, both including or excluding AGNs. We considered the alternative possibilities that the molecular gas excess may derive from the existence of tidal torques which produce gas infall from the surrounding regions or from a different metallicity which affects the X conversion factor between the observed CO line luminosity and the H2 calculated mass. According to our tests, it appears that interacting galaxies possess a higher molecular mass than normal galaxies but with a similar star formation efficiency.
15429092
The evolution of spiral, S0 and elliptical galaxies in clusters
We quantify the evolution of the spiral, S0 and elliptical fractions in galaxy clusters as a function of cluster velocity dispersion (σ) and X-ray luminosity (LX ) using a new database of 72 nearby clusters from the Wide-Field Nearby Galaxy-Cluster Survey (WINGS) combined with literature data at z = 0.5-1.2. Most WINGS clusters have σ between 500 and 1100 km s–1, and LX between 0.2 and 5 × 1044 erg s–1. The S0 fraction in clusters is known to increase with time at the expense of the spiral population. We find that the spiral and S0 fractions have evolved more strongly in lower σ, less massive clusters, while we confirm that the proportion of ellipticals has remained unchanged. Our results demonstrate that morphological evolution since z = 1 is not confined to massive clusters, but is actually more pronounced in low-mass clusters, and therefore must originate either from secular (intrinsic) evolution and/or from environmental mechanisms that act preferentially in low-mass environments, or both in low- and high-mass systems. We also find that the evolution of the spiral fraction perfectly mirrors the evolution of the fraction of star-forming galaxies. Interestingly, at low-z the spiral fraction anticorrelates with LX . Conversely, no correlation is observed with σ. Given that both σ and LX are tracers of the cluster mass, these results pose a challenge for current scenarios of morphological evolution in clusters.
17610175
Are truncated stellar disks linked to the molecular gas density
We know that the slope of the radial, stellar light distribution in galaxies is well described by an exponential decline and this distribution is often truncated at a break radius ($R_{br}$). We don't have a clear understanding for the origin of these outer truncations and several hypotheses have been proposed to explain them. We want to test the various theories with direct observations of the cold molecular gas for a few truncated galaxies in comparison with the non-truncated ones. The answer to the existence of a possible link between truncated stellar disks and the molecular gas density cannot be obtained from CO maps in the literature, because so far there are no galaxies with a clear truncation observed in CO at high resolution.
23729217
The evolution of early-type galaxies in clusters from z ~ 0.8 to z ~ 0: the ellipticity distribution and the morphological mix
We present the ellipticity distribution and its evolution for early-type galaxies in clusters from z~ 0.8 to the current epoch, based on the WIde-field Nearby Galaxy-cluster Survey (0.04 ≤ z ≤ 0.07) and the ESO Distant Cluster Survey (0.4 ≤ z ≤ 0.8). We first investigate a mass-limited sample and we find that above a fixed mass limit (M_(*) ≥ 10^(10.2) M_⊙), the ellipticity (e) distribution of early-type galaxies notably evolves with redshift. In the local Universe, there are proportionally more galaxies with higher ellipticity, hence flatter, than in distant clusters. This evolution is due partly to the change in 
the mass distribution and mainly to the change in the morphological mix with z among the early types, the fraction of ellipticals goes from ~70 per cent at high z to ~40 per cent at low z). Analysing separately the ellipticity distribution of the different morphological types, we find no evolution both for ellipticals and for S0s. However, for ellipticals a change with redshift in the median value of the distributions is detected. This is due to a larger population of very round (e M_(B)+ 1.208z > −21. Analysing this sample, we do not recover exactly the same results as the mass-limited sample. This indicates that the selection criteria are crucial to characterize the galactic properties: the choice of the magnitude-‘delimited’ sample implies the loss of many less-massive galaxies and so it biases the final conclusions. Moreover, although we are adopting the same selection criteria, our results in the magnitude-‘delimited’ sample are also not in agreement with those of Holden et al. This is due to the fact that our and their low-zsamples have a different magnitude distribution because the Holden et al. sample suffers from incompleteness at faint magnitudes.
14499782
A spectrophotometric model applied to cluster galaxies: the wings dataset
Context. The WIde-field Nearby Galaxy-cluster Survey (wings) is a project aiming at the study of the galaxy populations in clusters in the local universe (0.04 < z < 0.07) and the influence of environment on the physical properties of galaxies. This survey provides a high quality set of spectroscopic data for ∼6000 galaxies in 48 clusters. The study of such a large amount of objects requires automatic tools capable of extracting as much information as possible from the data. Aims. In this paper we describe a stellar population synthesis technique that reproduces the observed optical spectra of galaxies performing an analysis based on spectral fitting of the stellar content, extinction and, when possible, metallicity. Methods. A salient feature of this model is the possibility of treating dust extinction as a function of age, allowing younger stars to be more obscured than older ones. Our technique, for the first time, takes into account this feature in a spectral fitting code. A set of template spectra spanning a wide range of star formation histories is built, with features closely resembling those of typical spectra in our sample in terms of spectral resolution, noise and wavelength coverage. Our method of analyzing these spectra allows us to test the reliability and the uncertainties related to each physical parameter we are inferring. The well-known degeneracy problem, i.e. the non-uniqueness of the best fit solution (mass and extinction in different age bins), can be addressed by assigning adequate error bars to the recovered parameters. The values found in this way, together with their error bars, identify the region of parameter space which contains all the possible solutions for a given spectrum. A comparison test was also performed on a wings subsample, containing objects in common with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, yielding excellent agreement. Results. We find that the stellar content as a function of age is reliably recovered in four main age bins and that the uncertainties only mildly depend on the S/N ratio. The metallicity of the dominant stellar population is not always recoverable unambiguosly, depending on the Star Formation History pattern.