119249926
Gauge dynamics and topological insulators
A bstractA non-abelian magnetic field in Yang-Mills theory induces the formation of a “W-boson” vortex lattice. We study the propagation of fundamental fermions in the presence of this lattice in 2+1 dimensions. We show that the spectrum for massless fermions contains four topologically-protected Dirac points with non-zero Bloch momentum. For massive fermions, we compute topological invariants of the band structure and show that it is possible to realise a $ {{\mathbb{Z}}_2} $ topological insulator within Yang-Mills theory.
8445809
Brane potentials and moduli spaces
It is shown that the supergravity moduli spaces of D1-D5 and D2-D6 brane systems coincide with those of the Coulomb branches of the associated non-abelian gauge theories. We further discuss situations in which worldvolume brane actions include a potential term generated by probing certain supergravity backgrounds. We find that in many cases, the appearance of the potential is due to the application of the Scherk-Schwarz mechanism. We give some examples and discuss the existence of novel supersymmetric brane configurations.
5375662
D-brane solitons in supersymmetric sigma models
Massive $D=4,$ $N=2$ supersymmetric sigma models typically admit domain wall $(Q$-kink) solutions and string $(Q$-lump) solutions, both preserving 1/2 supersymmetry. We exhibit a new static 1/4 supersymmetric ``kink-lump'' solution in which a string ends on a wall, and show that it has an effective realization as a bion of the $D=4$ super DBI action. It is also shown to have a time-dependent Q-kink-lump generalization which reduces to the Q lump in a limit corresponding to infinite BI magnetic field. All these 1/4 supersymmetric sigma-model solitons are shown to be realized in M theory as calibrated, or ``$Q$ calibrated,'' M5-branes in an M-monopole background.
9118453
The dS/dS Correspondence
We present a holographic duality for the de Sitter static patch which consolidates basic features of its geometry and the behavior of gravity and brane probes, valid on timescales short compared to the decay or Poincare recurrence times. Namely de Sitter spacetime dSd(R) in d dimensions with curvature radius R is holographically dual to two conformal field theories on dSd−1(R), cut off at an energy scale 1/R where they couple to each other and to d − 1 dimensional gravity. As part of our analysis, we study brane probes in de Sitter and thermal Anti de Sitter spaces, and interpret the terms in the corresponding DBI action via strongly coupled thermal field theory. This provides a dual field theoretic interpretation of the fact that probes take forever to reach a horizon in general relativity.
2897012
Dyonic instantons in five-dimensional gauge theories
Abstract We show that there exist finite energy, non-singular instanton solutions for five-dimensional theories with broken gauge symmetry. The soliton is supported against collapse by a non-zero electric charge. The low-energy dynamics of these solutions is described by motion on the ADHM moduli space with potential.
10464021
Monopoles, vortices, domain walls and D-branes: The Rules of interaction
Non-abelian gauge theories in the Higgs phase admit a startling variety of BPS solitons. These include domain walls, vortex strings, confined monopoles threaded on vortex strings, vortex strings ending on domain walls, monopoles threaded on strings ending on domain walls, and more. After presenting a self-contained review of these objects, including several new results on the dynamics of domain walls, we go on to examine the possible interactions of solitons of various types. We point out the existence of a classical binding energy when the string ends on the domain wall which can be thought of as a BPS boojum with negative mass. We present an index theorem for domain walls in non-abelian gauge theories. We also answer questions such as: Which strings can end on which walls? What happens when monopoles pass through domain walls? What happens when domain walls pass through each other?
3058516
Quantitative conditions do not guarantee the validity of the adiabatic approximation.
In this Letter, we point out that the widely used quantitative conditions in the adiabatic theorem are insufficient in that they do not guarantee the validity of the adiabatic approximation. We also reexamine the inconsistency issue raised by Marzlin and Sanders [Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 160408 (2004)] and elucidate the underlying cause.
120083078
THERE EXIST DIFFERENT PROPOSALS FOR RELATIVISTIC TEMPERATURE TRANSFORMATION: THE WHYS AND WHEREFORES
In this letter, by using the properties of the entropy function and the fundamental equation of thermodynamics, we discuss the reasons that there exist different proposals for relativistic temperature transformation. Further, we illustrate this point by studying a concrete thermodynamic system-blackbody radiation.