119293046
ENTROPIC FORCE AND ITS FLUCTUATION IN EUCLIDEAN QUANTUM GRAVITY
In this paper, we study the idea about gravity as entropic force proposed by Verlinde. By interpreting Euclidean gravity in the language of thermodynamic quantities on holographic screen, we find the gravitational force can be calculated from the change of entropy on the screen. We show that normal gravity calculation can be reinterpreted in the language of thermodynamic variables. We also study the fluctuation of the force and find the fluctuation acting on the point-like particle can never be larger than the expectation value of the force. For a black hole in AdS space, by gauge/gravity duality, the fluctuation may be interpreted as arising from thermal fluctuation in the boundary description. And for a black hole in flat space, the ratio between fluctuation and force goes to a constant at infinity.
10056110
Gamma Ray Spectra from Dark Matter Annihilation and Decay
In this paper, we study gamma ray spectra for various scenarios of dark matter annihilation and decay. We focus on processes which generate only high-energy photons or leptons and photons, but no proton-antiproton pairs, to be compatible with PAMELA's data. We investigate photons produced directly from two-body decay chains and photons produced together with charged particles. For the former case we also include the process DM(+DM) -> N phi -> 2N gamma which can arise from specific strongly-coupled dark matter scenarios. For the latter case, photons are either generated by final state radiation from high-energy leptons or are directly generated from contact interactions represented by higher-order (non-renormalizable) operators obtained after integrating out heavy modes. We compare their overall annihilation cross-sections/decay rates taking into account chiral suppression (in the s-wave approximation), dimension of operators and dark matter particle properties. A rough estimate shows that, for a dark matter particle with a mass of O(1 TeV), the hard photon spectra in direct electron-positron-photon final states arising from either scalar boson dark matter annihilation/decay or Majorana fermion dark matter annihilation are dominated by higher-order operators if the scale of the leading operator is lower than O(1000 TeV). Otherwise, all the photon spectra arising in this way are dominated by final state radiation. Among the spectra studied, the higher-order operators spectrum is the hardest while the final state radiation spectrum with an intermediate decay is the softest.
56104228
Explicitly broken supersymmetry with exactly massless moduli
A bstractThe AdS/CFT correspondence is applied to an analogue of the little hierarchy problem in three-dimensional supersymmetric theories. The bulk is governed by a super-gravity theory in which a U(1) × U(1) R-symmetry is gauged by Chern-Simons fields. The bulk theory is deformed by a boundary term quadratic in the gauge fields. It breaks SUSY completely and sources an exactly marginal operator in the dual CFT. SUSY breaking is communicated by gauge interactions to bulk scalar fields and their spinor superpartners. The bulk-to-boundary propagator of the Chern-Simons fields is a total derivative with respect to the bulk coordinates. Integration by parts and the Ward identity permit evaluation of SUSY breaking effects to all orders in the strength of the deformation. The R-charges of scalars and spinors differ so large SUSY breaking mass shifts are generated. Masses of R-neutral particles such as scalar moduli are not shifted to any order in the deformation strength, despite the fact that they may couple to R-charged fields running in loops. We also obtain a universal deformation formula for correlation functions under an exactly marginal deformation by a product of holomorphic and anti-holomorphic U(1) currents.
119205353
A complete model of low-scale gauge mediation
A bstractRecent signs of a Standard Model-like Higgs at 125 GeV point towards large A-terms in the MSSM. This presents special challenges for gauge mediation, which by itself predicts vanishing A-terms at the messenger scale. In this paper, we review the general problems that arise when extending gauge mediation to achieve large A-terms, and the mechanisms that exist to overcome them. Using these mechanisms, we construct weakly-coupled models of low-scale gauge mediation with extended Higgs-messenger couplings that generate large A-terms at the messenger scale and viable μ/Bμ-terms. Our models are simple, economical, and complete realizations of supersymmetry at the weak scale.
118592277
Indirect detection signatures for the origin of asymmetric dark matter
A bstractWe study the decay signatures of Asymmetric Dark Matter (ADM) via higher dimension operators which are responsible for generating the primordial dark matter (DM) asymmetry. Since the signatures are sensitive both to the nature of the higher dimension operator generating the DM asymmetry and to the sign of the baryon or lepton number that the DM carries, indirect detection may provide a window into the nature of the mechanism which generates the DM asymmetry. We consider in particular dimension-6 fermionic operators of the form O$$ \mathcal{O} $$ADM = XO$$ \mathcal{O} $$B−L/M2, where O$$ \mathcal{O} $$B−L = ucdcdc, ℓℓec, qℓdc (or operators related through a Hermitian conjugate) with the scale M around or just below the GUT scale. We derive constraints on ADM particles both in the natural mass range (around a few GeV), as well as in the range between 100 GeV to 10 TeV. For light ADM, we focus on constraints from both the low energy gamma ray data and proton/antiproton fluxes. For heavy ADM, we consider γ-rays and proton/anti-proton fluxes, and we fit e+/e− data from AMS-02 and H.E.S.S. (neglecting the Fermi charged particle fluxes which disagree with AMS-02 below 100 GeV). We show that, although the best fit regions from electron/positron measurement are still in tension with other channels on account of the H.E.S.S. measurement at high energies, compared to an ordinary symmetric dark matter scenario, the decay of DM with a primordial asymmetry reduces the tension. Better measurement of the flux at high energy will be necessary to draw a definite conclusion about the viability of decaying DM as source for the signals.
6037229
Dichromatic dark matter
A bstractBoth the robust INTEGRAL 511 keV gamma-ray line and the recent tentative hint of the 135 GeV gamma-ray line from Fermi-LAT have similar signal morphologies, and may be produced from the same dark matter annihilation. Motivated by this observation, we construct a dark matter model to explain both signals and to accommodate the two required annihilation cross sections that are different by more than six orders of magnitude. In our model, to generate the low-energy positrons for INTEGRAL, dark matter particles annihilate into a complex scalar that couples to photon via a charge-radius operator. The complex scalar contains an excited state decaying into the ground state plus an off-shell photon to generate a pair of positron and electron. Two charged particles with non-degenerate masses are necessary for generating this charge-radius operator. One charged particle is predicted to be long-lived and have a mass around 3.8 TeV to explain the dark matter thermal relic abundance from its late decay. The other charged particle is predicted to have a mass below 1 TeV given the ratio of the two signal cross sections. The 14 TeV LHC will concretely test the main parameter space of this lighter charged particle.
204895786
DEVELOPMENT OF SUPERCONDUCTING RADIO FREQUENCY CAVITIES AT SINAP
This paper will present the recent development of superconducting radio frequency cavities at Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics (SINAP). Firstly, Two KEKB type 500MHz single cell niobium cavities have been fabricated and one of them has been vertical tested successfully in 2010. The highest accelerating gradient higher than 10MV/m was obtained while the quality factor was better than 4E8 at 4.2K. Secondly, a new type of 500MHz single cell cavity has been designed which adopts the fluted beam pipe for higher order modes propagation and a coaxial type high power input coupler. Thirdly, a 500MHz 5-cell superconducting cavity with large aperture, enlarged beam pipe for HOM propagation and high r/Q value has been optimized which can be a candidate cavity for high current FEL and ERL.