15905747
Fingerprint Registration Using Minutia Clusters and Centroid Structure 1
In this paper a novel distortion-tolerant fingerprint registration method based on clustering is proposed. In this method, minutiae features of the query fingerprint are divided into various clusters. Several local structure transformations are estimated by local structure sets. Then the global structures (centroid structures) are constructed according to the local structure transformation. The global transformation is determined by the score of local structure transformation together with the similarity level of the global structure. Experimental results show that this algorithm is robust for aligning fingerprints with a small number of minutia and heavy distortions. Such situations are often encountered in forensic applications
15063481
Eye Location under Various Illumination Conditions
Eye location is an important step in face recognition. Locate eyes under various illumination conditions is also an important step especially for most of illumination normalization algorithms. In this paper, an algorithm uses a group of eigenfeature templates and Gabor feature templates to locate eye under various illumination conditions is proposed. Experiment results show that the performance of this algorithm is good and robust under widely changed illumination conditions
35204150
Ridge-Based Fingerprint Recognition
A new fingerprint, matching method is proposed in this paper, with which two fingerprint skeleton images are matched directly. In this method, an associate table is introduced to describe the relation of a ridge with its neighbor ridges, so the whole ridge pattern can be easily handed. In addition, two unique similarity measures, one for ridge curves, another for ridge patterns, are defined with the elastic distortion taken into account. Experiment results on several databases demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.
2604877
A Biometric Key-Binding and Template Protection Framework Using Correlation Filters
We describe a new framework to bind cryptographic keys with biometric signatures using correlation filters. This scheme combines correlation filter based biometric recognition with biometric key-binding while offering template protection, revocability, diversity and security. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our scheme via numerical results on the CMU-PIE face database.
973577
Cracking Cancelable Fingerprint Template of Ratha
Cancelable biometrics may be a good approach to address the security and privacy concerns on biometric authentication. It uses some parameterized transforms to convert an original biometric template into a new version for authentication. The security of cancelable biometrics lies on noninvertibility of the transformed template, that is, the transforms should be noninvertible so that the original template can not be recovered. One way to achieve the noninvertibilty is through the use of many-to-one transforms. The idea of Ratha¿s scheme of generating fingerprint templates just depends on this. However, it is revealed in this paper that the form of the transforms and the parameters chosen in his implementation weaken the many-to-one property. This results in the possible recovery of original minutiae from one transformed template.
13557739
A Robust Fingerprint Minutiae Matching Algorithm Based on the Support Model
A novel method to match two minutiae point-sets based on the support model we proposed is presented in this paper. In this method, coarse matching is first performed from a number of seeds, and the results are then fused to obtain a constrained corresponding relationship of minutiae in two point-sets. By using the support degree of the elements in the constrained relations, the one-to-one correspondence is finally determined by comparison of similarity of local structures. Experiments show that this algorithm is robust and can deal with the translation, rotation, distortion and outlier problems well.
712994
Test Planning and Test Resource Optimization for Droplet-Based Microfluidic Systems
Recent years have seen the emergence of droplet-based microfluidic systems for safety-critical biomedical applications. In order to ensure reliability, microsystems incorporating microfluidic components must be tested adequately. In this paper, we investigate test planning and test resource optimization for droplet-based microfluidic arrays. We first formulate the test planning problem and prove that it is NP-hard. We then describe an optimization method based on integer linear programming (ILP) that yields optimal solutions. Due to the NP-hard nature of the problem, we develop heuristic approaches for optimization. Experimental results indicate that for large array sizes, the heuristic methods yield solutions that are close to provable lower bounds. These heuristics ensure scalability and low computation cost.
8664918
Automated design of pin-constrained digital microfluidic arrays for lab-on-a-chip applications
Microfluidics-based biochips, also referred to as lab-on-a-chip (LoC), are devices that integrate fluid-handling functions such as sample preparation, analysis, separation, and detection. This emerging technology combines electronics with biology to open new application areas such as point-of-care diagnosis, on-chip DNA analysis, and automated drug discovery. We propose a design automation method for pin-constrained LoCs that manipulate nanoliter volumes of discrete droplets on a microfluidic array. In contrast to the direct-addressing scheme that has been studied thus far in the literature, we assign a small number of independent control pins to a large number of electrodes in the LoC, thereby reducing design complexity and product cost. We apply the proposed method to a microfluidic array for a set of multiplexed bioassays
6085385
Yield enhancement of reconfigurable microfluidics-based biochips using interstitial redundancy
Microfluidics-based biochips for biochemical analysis are currently receiving much attention. They automate highly repetitive laboratory procedures by replacing cumbersome equipment with miniaturized and integrated systems. As these microfluidics-based microsystems become more complex, manufacturing yield will have significant influence on production volume and product cost. We propose an interstitial redundancy approach to enhance the yield of biochips that are based on droplet-based digital microfluidics. In this design method, spare cells are placed in the interstitial sites within the microfluidic array, and they replace neighboring faulty cells via local reconfiguration. The proposed design method is evaluated using a set of concurrent real-life bioassays. The defect-tolerant design approach based on space redundancy and local reconfiguration is expected to facilitate yield enhancement of microfluidics-based biochips, especially for the emerging marketplace.
2449639
Testing and Diagnosis of Realistic Defects in Digital Microfluidic Biochips
Microfluidics-based biochips are soon expected to revolutionize biosensing, clinical diagnostics and drug discovery. Robust off-line and on-line test techniques are required to ensure system dependability as these biochips are deployed for safety-critical applications. Due to the underlying mixed-technology and mixed-energy domains, biochips exhibit unique failure mechanisms and defects. We first relate some realistic defects to fault models and observable errors. We next set up an experiment to evaluate the manifestations of electrode-short faults. Motivated by the experimental results, we present a testing and diagnosis methodology to detect catastrophic faults and locate faulty regions. The proposed method is evaluated using a biochip performing real-life multiplexed bioassays.
1088841
Yield enhancement of digital microfluidics-based biochips using space redundancy and local reconfiguration
As microfluidics-based biochips become more complex, manufacturing yield will have significant influence on production volume and product cost. We propose an interstitial redundancy approach to enhance the yield of biochips that are based on droplet-based microfluidics. In this design method, spare cells are placed in the interstitial sites within the microfluidic array, and they replace neighboring faulty cells via local reconfiguration. The proposed design method is evaluated using a set of concurrent real-life bioassays.