921515
Combining CBR with Interactive Knowledge Acquisition, Manipulation and Reuse
Because of the complexity of aerospace design, intelligent systems to support and amplify the abilities of aerospace designers have the potential for profound impact on the speed and reliability of design generation. This article describes a framework for supporting the interactive capture of design cases and their application to new problems, illustrating the approach with a discussion of its use in a support system for aircraft design. The project integrates case-based reasoning with interactive tools for capturing expert design knowledge through "concept mapping." Concept mapping tools provide crucial functions for interactively generating and examining design cases and navigating their hierarchical structure, while CBR techniques provide capabilities to facilitate retrieval and to aid interactive adaptation of designs. The project aims simultaneously to develop a useful design aid and more generally to develop practical interactive approaches to fundamental issues of case acquisition and representation, context-sensitive retrieval, and case adaptation.
4859988
A Multimodal Interface for Personalising Spatial Data in Mobile GIS
Recently the availability and usage of more advanced mobile devices has significantly increased, with many users accessing information and applications while on the go. However, for users to truly accept and adopt such technologies it is necessary to address human-computer interaction challenges associated with such devices. We are interested in exploring these issues within the context of mobile GIS applications. Current mobile GIS interfaces suffer from two major problems: interface complexity and information overload. We have developed a novel system that addresses both of these issues. Firstly, our system allows GIS users to interact multimodally, providing them with the flexibility of choosing their preferred mode of interaction for specific tasks in specific contexts. Secondly, it records all such interactions, analyses them and uses them to build individual user profiles. Based on these, our system returns personalised spatial data to users, and hence eliminates superfluous information that might be otherwise presented to them. In this paper we describe the system we have developed that combines multimodal interaction with personalised services, and that can be used by mobile users, whether they are novices or professionals within the field of GIS. The advantages of our multimodal GIS interface approach are demonstrated through a user interaction study.
15992473
Categorizing Case-Base Maintenance: Dimensions and Directions
Experience with the growing number of large-scale CBR systems has led to increasing recognition of the importance of case-base maintenance. Multiple researchers have addressed pieces of the case-base maintenance problem, considering such issues as maintaining consistency and controlling case-base growth. However, despite the existence of these cases of case-base maintenance, there is no general framework of dimensions for describing case-base maintenance systems. Such a framework would be useful both to understand the state of the art in case-base maintenance and to suggest new avenues of exploration by identifying points along the dimensions that have not yet been studied. This paper presents a first attempt at identifying the dimensions of case-base maintenance. It shows that characterizations along such dimensions can suggest avenues for future case-base maintenance research and presents initial steps exploring one of those avenues: identifying patterns of problems that require generalized revisions and addressing them with lazy updating.
2995800
Improving Case-Based Recommendation: A Collaborative Filtering Approach
Data Mining, or Knowledge Discovery as it is also known, is becoming increasingly useful in a wide variety of applications. In the following paper, we lookat its use in combating some of the traditional issues faced with recommender systems. We discuss our ongoing work which aims to enhance the performance of PTV, an applied recommender system working in the TV listings domain. This system currently combines the results of separate user-based collaborative and case-based components to recommend programs to users. Our extension to this idea operates on the theory of developing a case-based view of the collaborative component itself. By using data mining techniques to extract relationships between programme items, we can address the sparsity/maintenance problem. We also adopt a unique approach to recommendation ranking which combines user similarities and item similarities to provide more effective recommendation orderings. Experimental results corroborate our ideas, demonstrating the effectiveness of data mining in improving recommender systems by providing similarity knowledge to address sparsity, both at user-based recommendation level and recommendation ranking level.
9734730
Using sketches and knowledge bases for geo-spatial image retrieval
Abstract This paper presents research in the field of knowledge management for geo-spatial imagery including scanned aerial photos and satellite images. We have developed a web-based system that allows users to query a database of images not only using metadata, but also drawing sketches of configurations of objects they are interested in as well as inputting textual descriptions of their intended task. Our system integrates case-based reasoning techniques to form a knowledge base from previously issued queries that can be exploited to improve future query processing and to build organizational memory through experience capture. The effective design and implementation of a user-friendly graphic user interface plays an important role for the system to provide improved human–computer interaction and decision support.
34275727
The Law of Choice and the Decision Not to Decide
Disclosed is a seismic source device, known in the industry as an air gun, having shuttle control for allowing a predetermined discharge of compressed air into water for purposes of seismic exploration. The shuttle is controlled by secondary shuttle means for closing the exhaust ports before all of the compressed air in the firing chamber of the air gun is exhausted. This point of closing the exhaust ports before virtually all of the compressed air is discharged differs from prior art air guns. By preventing further discharge of air, secondary pulses are greatly reduced, thereby enhancing the operation of the entire system. Further, by preventing all the air in the firing chamber from being discharged, the system becomes more efficient and more cost effective.
35531897
Decomposition methods for convolution operators
This paper presents methods for the decomposition of two-dimensional convolution operators of size m × n into sums and products of 3 × 3 operators. If m = n 2k + 1, then the maximum number of 3 × 3 operators needed in the decomposition is k2 + k − 1. In particular, every 5 × 5 operator can be decomposed into the sum and product of at most five 3 × 3 operators. A characterization is given for 5 × 5 operators which can be decomposed into the sum and product of at most three 3 × 3 operators. With operators exhibiting symmetry with respect to both axes and a diagonal, the maximum number of operators needed is k(k + 1)2.
13385001
An experimental comparison of force directed placement techniques
Force-directed placement algorithms are experimentally compared using several sample problems. Significant differences are noted in the computational efficiency of the algorithms, and in the relationship of the placement solution to the routability of the resulting board.
9645862
Aq-Series Approach to Deblurring the Discrete Gaussian
A method is presented for deblurring an image blurred by the discrete Gaussian. The method, based on classical theorems of Jacobi and Ramanujan, not only provides exact formulas for the deblurring, but also condition numbers and error bounds estimating the agreement between the original and reconstructed image. The use of the Jacobi Triple Product Theorem provides a convenient factorization of the formulas used in the inversion process into a product of three infinite series. These three series correspond to a constant together with a Toeplitz operator and its transpose. In the finite setting this factorization corresponds to the factorization of a matrix into the product of Toeplitz matrices, where the entries can be computed using simple recursion formulas. For selected choices of ?, condition numbers are calculated for these operators. The results are similar to a method developed by Kimia and Zucker.
204991687
Interpretation of a basic hypergeometric identity with Lie characters and Young tableaux
A combinatorial interpretation involving semistandard tableaux is provided for a four parameter terminating sum identity for the basic hypergeometric series 6?5. This identity is first produced by taking the principal specialization of a tensor product identity for two GL(n) characters.