123166163
Smoothing with split linear fits
We introduce a family of smoothing algorithms that can produce discontinuous output. Unlike most commonly used smoothers, that tend to blur discontinuities in the data, this smoother can be used for smoothing with edge detection. We cite examples of other approaches to (two-dimensional) smoothing with edge detection in image processing, and apply our one-dimensional smoother to sea surface temperature data where the discontinuities arise from changes in ocean currents.
124354849
Dynamics of nuclear fluid. III. General considerations on the kinetic theory of quantum fluids
From the quantum kinetic equation of Bogoliubov, Gurov, Born, and Green, the equations of motion for macroscopic variables are examined in many different ways. First, in the configuration space a hierarchy of generalized fluid-dynamical equations can be obtained by taking the appropriate limits of the quantum kinetic equation. The resultant equations of continuity, of momentum, and of energy are similar in form to those one encounters in classical fluid dynamics with the exception of additional terms proportional to h/sup 2/. Secondly, the quantum kinetic equation is examined in phase space. The same set of equations of continuity, of momentum, and of energy can be derived by taking the first three moments of the quantum kinetic equation. The exact results we obtained are utilized to form the starting point for many simplifying approximations for the investigation of the dynamics of quantum many-body systems such as the elastic response limit, the hydrodynamical limit, Landau's Fermi-liquid theory, and finally the time-dependent Hartree-Fock and the multideterminant time-dependent Hartree-Fock approximations. The fact that all these different dynamical descriptions can be traced to a common origin provides a unifying viewpoint to the present approach with the quantum kinetic equation.
62325539
Computing Environments for Data Analysis. Part 2. Hardware
This is the second in a series of papers on aspects of modern computing environments that are relevant to statistical data analysis. We argue that a network of graphics workstations is far superior to conventional batch or time-sharing computers as an environment for interactive data analysis. The second paper in the series discusses the hardware of graphics workstations in detail.
16803364
MSSM DARK MATTER CONSTRAINTS AND DECAYING B-BALLS
In the MSSM, LSP dark matter could arise from the decay of B-balls rather than from thermal relies, with a quite different dependence on the MSSM parameters and a natural correlation with the baryon asymmetry. We discuss the constraints imposed on the properties of B-balls and the MSSM spectrum by experimental constraints and show that B-balls cannot form from an Affleck-Dine condensate with 100% efficiency in the absence of LSP annihilations after they decay. For likely formation efficiencies the LSP and slepton masses are typically constrained to be light. The effects of LSP annihilations after the B-balls decay are discussed; for sufficiently small decay temperatures annihilations will play no role, opening up the possibility of experimentally testing the scenario. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
16624602
Flat direction dynamics in a non-topological soliton-dominated universe
In running mass inflation and hybrid inflation models it is possible that the inflaton field will fragment into non-topological solitons, resulting in a highly inhomogeneous post-inflation era prior to reheating. In supersymmetric models with a conventional homogeneous post-inflation era, the dynamics of flat direction scalars are determined by cH2 corrections to the mass squared terms (where ), coming from F-terms in the early universe combined with Planck-scale suppressed interactions. Here we reconsider the mass squared corrections for a universe dominated by inflatonic non-topological solitons. We show that in this case the dynamics of a coherently oscillating flat direction scalar are typically the same as for the case where there is no significant mass squared correction, even in the vicinity of the non-topological solitons. Therefore the dynamics of flat direction scalars in a universe dominated by inflatonic non-topological solitons are equivalent to the case c = 0 of a homogeneous universe.
118875304
Preliminary Measurement of the Differential Cross Section from Neutrino-Nucleon Deeply Inelastic Scattering at Nutev
Preliminary results for the neutrino-nucleon differential cross section from the NuTeV experiment are presented. The extraction of the differential cross section from NuTeV is discussed and the structure functions $F_2$ and $\Delta xF_3$ are presented. Comparisons are made with CCFR results.
119087432
Ionization chambers for monitoring in high-intensity charged particle beams
Radiation-hard ionization chambers were tested using an intense electron beam from the accelerator test facility at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. The detectors were designed to be used as the basic element for monitoring muons in the Main Injector Neutrino beamline at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. Measurements of linearity of response, voltage dependence, and the onset of ionization saturation as a function of gap voltage were performed.
2260171
SUPERSYMMETRIC D-TERM INFLATION AND B-BALL BARYOGENESIS
We consider the B-ball cosmology of the minimal supersymmetric standard model in the context of D-term inflation models where the reheating temperature is determined by the Affleck-Dine mechanism to be of the order of 1 GeV. We show that such a low reheating temperature can arise quite naturally as the result of a symmetry which is required to maintain the flatness of the inflaton potential. In this case the B-balls will decay well after the freeze-out temperature of the lightest supersymmetric particle, allowing baryons and cold dark matter to originate primarily from B-ball decays. [S0031-9007(98)07324-4].