27496669
Software Component Retrieval by Samples Using Concept Analysis
16981497
Organizing and retrieving class components based on types for reuse
Reusing existing software components improves software development productivity. Classes are basic building blocks in object-oriented programming. One of the central issues in reusing existing classes in object-orient programming is to find suitable reusable classes. This paper describes a method of organizing the OO class library for retrieving classes using type information. The method is based on (i) grouping classes based on the number of methods and the number of arguments of methods in classes and (ii) linking both groups and classes based on potential reusability relationships. This structured reuse library allows the class retrieval process to be done efficiently by narrowing the search space using groups and links. The user can also navigate the reuse library and learn about potential reusability among class components.
26202841
An execution-based retrieval of object-oriented components
Software reuse and object-oriented software development is recognized as one of the promising techniques to improve software development. Class components are basic building blocks in objectoriented software development. This paper describes a method of retrieving potentially reusable objected-oriented class components from a class library by executing classes in the class library on a test program based on a user-provided sample behavior of the desired class. The method handles the class hierarchy and uses a strategy maximum number of matched methods and minimum unmatched methods to find the classes close to the desired class. Based on the method, a prototype implementation of the class retrieval tool is implemented for Java classes.
8249874
Software retrieval by samples using concept analysis
Abstract Finding and retrieving software components is one of the tasks of the building-block approach to software reuse. One interesting property of code components unlike other types of software artifacts is that they can be executed. The execution-based retrieval process tends to be too long to be incorporated in practice and faces the problem of non-termination and very long execution time. This paper describes a software component retrieval method using sample input–output behavior of the components (but without actual execution) based on concept analysis. The retrieval uses samples chosen by the developers of the components (rather than generated randomly or provided by the users). Based on the validity relation between components and samples, a concept lattice is constructed for the library by applying formal concept analysis. The user retrieves components by selecting valid samples incrementally for a desired component from a dynamically created menu of samples available in the library. Our method avoids the problems associated with actual execution-based retrieval such as non-termination and very long execution time, and also improves the retrieval time. Our approach can be directly applied to other levels of software components than code components as long as the components can be described in terms of some input–output relation.
15172968
A structured approach to retrieving functions by types
A solid state area imaging apparatus having a photosensor matrix array disposed at a front surface area of a substrate and having a charge transfer arrangement for transferring charges generated in the photosensors of the matrix so as to convert them into a serial signal. It also includes a penetrative charge transfer arrangement for transferring the charge from the front surface area of the substrate to the back surface area of the substrate, and which has a static induction transistor structure. The charges are transferred vertically through a channel formed in the structure of the static induction transistor. This penetrative charge transfer arrangement may be used as a part of the transfer path for generating the serial signal or a path for removing excess charges which are generated in the photosensors.
27134277
Web Search Using Dynamic Keyword Suggestion Based on Formal Concept Analysis
An articulated railroad vehicle having two or more body portions is supported on three or more single wheel set trucks. Each truck is pivotally attached to a vehicle body portion. Sensing elements detect the angle between the articulated body portions. The output from the angle of articulated sensing element means is used to guide each of the wheel sets to a radial configuration when the vehicle negotiates a curve.
11110240
Using Temporal Information in Collaborative Filtering: An Empirical Study
Collaborative filtering is a widely used and proven method of building recommender systems that provide personalized recommendations on products or services based on explicit ratings from users. Recommendation accuracy becomes an important factor in some e-commerce environments (such as a mobile environment as a result of limited connection time and device size). As user preferences change over time, temporal information can improve recommendation accuracy. In this paper, we present a variety of temporal information and investigate how such temporal information affects the accuracy of collaborative filtering-based recommender systems. The temporal information includes item launch time, user buying time, the time difference between the two, as well as several combinations of these three types of temporal information. We conducted several experiments on a collaborative filtering system for recommending character images (wallpapers) in a mobile e-commerce environment. Empirical results show that the effectiveness of temporal information depends on the type of items and the user group of a given e-commerce environment. Our findings give insights on how to incorporate temporal information to maximize the efficiency of collaborative filtering in various e-commerce environments.
32680230
A methodology for predicting service life and design of reliability experiments
This paper summarizes a methodology for reliability prediction of new products where field data are sparse, and the allowed number & length of experiments are limited. The methodology relies on estimating a set where the unknown parameters are most likely to be found, calculation of an upper bound for the reliability metric of interest conditioned that the parameters reside in the estimated set, and tightening the bounds via design of experiments. Models of failure propagation, failure acceleration, system operations, and time/cycle to failure at various levels of fidelity & expert elicited information may be incorporated to enhance the accuracy of the predictions. The application of the model is illustrated through numerical studies.
97650917
Electrical properties of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 films prepared on ITO glass
Pb(Zr,Ti)O"3 thin films were successfully prepared on a Pt bottom electrode with indium tin oxide coated glass substrates using RF magnetron sputtering. Use of the indium tin oxide coated glass substrate reduced the fatigue characteristics and provided for excellent crystallization of the Pb(Zr,Ti)O"3 thin films. The polarization versus fatigue characteristics showed 10% degradation after 10^9 cycles. These results indicate that Pt/indium tin oxide double electrodes can be improved both in terms of fatigue and ferroelectric properties through the use of Pb(Zr,Ti)O"3 thin films on glass substrates, resulting in better performance than metal electrodes.
20350229
Cyworld is my world: Korean adult experiences in an online community for learning
This article introduces Cyworld, a popular online social networking service in South Korea, and explores it as a potential context in which informal learning occurs through social activities and communication. Based on the results of an online survey, this article discusses (a) the nature of social activities in Cyworld in terms of informal adult learning, (b) user perception of online activities in relation to learning, and (c) the relationship between the users' perception of the online activities and their definitions of learning (i.e., learning as acquisition or as reflection). The article concludes that Cyworld appears to be a meaningful context that facilitates informal learning, and that users who emphasise a meaning-making process for learning perceive that mini-homepage activities are both learning-related and constructive.