32329234
Achieving Non-Repudiation of Receipt
A designer of secure Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) or other emerging electronic commerce systems must consider an EDI-specific threat-repudiation of receipt-in addition to general security services such as authentication, confidentiality and integrity. We address this security issue by first examining the previous work done in this area, and then proposing a novel protocol to achieve non-repudiation of receipt. By using two simple ideas, a conditional signature and a public notice-board, the new protocol can achieve this security service in a simple but effective manner.
14935404
Levels of Authentication Assurance: an Investigation
The ES-LoA project, funded by the UK Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) under its e- Infrastructure Security Programme, investigates current and future needs among UK research and education community for a more fine-grained authorisation scheme that would allow service providers to take into account of the levels of confidence in identifying a remote entity requesting for service access. Such a fine-grained authorisation scheme is attractive to service providers offering resources with varying levels of sensitivity and/or wishing to tailor their security protections based upon risk levels. Service providers may wish to restrict access to more sensitive resources only to those who have gone through a more stringent authentication process, or given the same remote entity, require the use of a stronger authentication token should the access request come from a more risky environment. In this way, the quality of an authentication instance, expressed as an authentication Level of Assurance (LoA), becomes one of the parameters used in access control decision making. This paper investigates the current worldwide efforts in defining LoA and identifies gaps in existing definitions when they are applied to a federated environment.
42027884
New Approximation for Minimum-Weight Routing Backbone in Wireless Sensor Network
Our problem formulation is as follows. Given a weighted disk graph Gwhere the weight of edge represents the transmission energy consumption, we wish to determine a dominating tree Tof Gsuch that the total weight of edges in Tis minimized. To the best of our knowledge, this problem have not been addressed in the literature. Solving the dominating tree problem can yield a routing backbone for broadcast protocols since: (1) each node does not have to construct their own broadcast tree, (2) utilize the virtual backbone to reduce the message overhead, and (3) the weight of backbone is minimized. 
 
Our contributions to this problem is multi-fold: First, the paper is the first to study this problem, prove the hardness of this problem and propose an approximation framework. Second, we present a heuristic to approximate the solution with low time complexity. Third, a distributed algorithm is provided for practical implementation. Finally, we verify the effectiveness of our proposal through simulation.
1660866
A General Fuzzified CMAC Controller with Eligibility
This paper presents an online neural network controller. Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller (CMAC) is suitable to online control due to its fast learning speed. By integrating the CMAC address scheme with fuzzy logic concept, a general fuzzified CMAC (GFAC) is proposed. Then by incorporating the concept of eligibility into the GFAC, a GFAC controller with eligibility is presented, named FACE. A learning algorithm for the FACE is derived to tune the model parameters. To achieve online control, an efficient implementation of the proposed FACE method is presented. As an example, the proposed FACE is applied to a ship steering control system. The simulation results show that the ship course can be properly controlled under the disturbances of wave, wind and current.
1884872
A mobility monitoring based advance reservation protocol
Future wireless cellular networks will be Internet Protocol (IP) based. Users of wireless devices in these networks will expect to run real-time applications that require guarantees of Quality of Service (QoS). Such a user will expect the same seamless QoS that he would receive if he were running real-time applications on a wired network. Achieving seamless QoS in a mobile environment implies that a reservation should be re-established at the new Base Station (BS) before hand-over occurs. However, making these advance reservations is wasteful of valuable bandwidth in the wireless network. This paper proposes a protocol, called the Mobility Monitoring Based Advance Reservation Protocol (M²BARP), which aims to reduce the bandwidth overhead of making advance reservations. The protocol makes use of information about a Mobile Node's (MN) mobility to make a single advance reservation when the MN is about to hand-over. Unlike previous work, M²BARP takes advantage of overlapping cells to help to provide a more seamless QoS by reducing the number of calls dropped at hand-over
13044783
A New Time-domain Detection Approach with Blind Separation Based on Neural Network
In this paper a new technique is proposed for time-domain detection in energy detection. The proposed scheme is based on a independent-component analysis (ICA): blind separation of unknown source signals. This method not only improves the nicety of time-domain detection for narrow band signal and the sinusoidal signal but also reduces the power of the whole detection system.
42648138
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation for Electromagnetic Loop in China Ultra-high Voltage Grid
In initial period of ultra-high voltage grid, 1000kV/500kV loops, perhaps even 1000kV/500kV/ 220kV loops, will turn up. The hazards caused by electromagnetic loop are discussed from two sides involving power transfer and short-circuit current level. Multi-level electromagnetic loop of North and Central China power grid in the planning year 2010 are analyzed. A method combining analytic hierarchy process with fuzzy logic theory is employed to comprehensively evaluate opening schemes for electromagnetic loop. Evaluation results indicate that multi-level electromagnetic loops should be avoided by opening extra-high/high voltage loops promptly. Furthermore, it’s also necessary to open ultra-high/extra-high voltage loops reasonably.
15560929
UNDER DEVELOPMENTUCD in Chinese IT enterprises
A zoom lens system includes a first lens unit having a negative optical power, located closer to an object side, and a second lens unit having a positive optical power, located farther from the object side. Zooming is accomplished by varying the spacing between the first and second lens units. The surface of at least one lens element in the two lens units is a diffractive optical surface. At least one surface of the lens element is an aspherical surface.
18987585
Efficient elliptic curve scalar multiplication algorithms resistant to power analysis
This paper presents four algorithms for securing elliptic curve scalar multiplication against power analysis. The highest-weight binary form (HBF) of scalars and randomization are applied to resist power analysis. By using a special method to recode the scalars, the proposed algorithms do not suffer from simple power analysis (SPA). With the randomization of the secret scalar or base point, three of the four algorithms are secure against differential power analysis (DPA), refined power analysis (RPA) and zero-value point attacks (ZPA). The countermeasures are also immune to the doubling attack. Fast Shamir's method is used in order to improve the efficiency of parallel scalar multiplication. Compared with previous countermeasures, the new countermeasures achieve higher security and do not impact overall performance.
9464715
Assisting seller pricing strategy selection for electronic auctions
This research examines sellers' pricing strategy oriented to bidders' risk preferences, within the context of an electronic auction. A business model is then proposed to predict the probability of potential bidders' risk preference, which sellers can consider to set pricing strategy to maximize their profits. A tailored intelligent auction registry engine is constructed based upon an initial version of our business model. Because the extensible markup language (XML)-based simple object access protocol (SOAP) is utilized to support interactions with other resources, our engine is decoupled from the underlying technology choices; therefore, it can be deployed to different platforms.
5525123
FIX: feature-based indexing technique for XML documents
Indexing large XML databases is crucial for efficient evaluation of XML twig queries. In this paper, we propose a feature-based indexing technique, called FIX, based on spectral graph theory. The basic idea is that for each twig pattern in a collection of XML documents, we calculate a vector of features based on its structural properties. These features are used as keys for the patterns and stored in a B+tree. Given an XPath query, its feature vector is first calculated and looked up in the index. Then a further refinement phase is performed to fetch the final results. We experimentally study the indexing technique over both synthetic and real data sets. Our experiments show that FIX provides great pruning power and could gain an order of magnitude performance improvement for many XPath queries over existing evaluation techniques.