17166111
The Interaction between Chinese Export Price and World Import Price of Tangerines
With the accelerating of economic globalization, the effect of foreign factors on Chinese tangerines export is more and more obvious, which is mainly expressed as the fluctuation of Chinese tangerines export price. The article uses SVAR, impulse response analysis and variance decomposition to analyze the interaction between Chinese export price and world import price of tangerines from 1961 to 2007. The research shows that: (1) periodicities of the two prices are obvious; (2) fluctuation frequency of Chinese export price is high and its fluctuation range is low, while that of world import price is just the opposite; (3) changes of Chinese export price are mainly affected by its own fluctuation, while world import price is not only affected by its own fluctuation but also shocked by Chinese export price; (4) fluctuation characteristics of two prices indicate that there is serious price distortion in world tangerines market, so it requires carrying on multilateral negotiation under WTO agreement to eliminate trade barriers in tangerines market and to improve the world welfare.
4714436
Notice of RetractionCost Comparison and Control Based on GLM and Panel Data Model: Evidence from Major Citrus Producing Areas in China
All the major citrus producing areas in China are facing the intensive competition from international market. The problem of how to find an efficient path to decrease citrus production cost by analyzing production cost of citrus and how to promote effective cooperation between regions to deal with the pressure of international market through integrating resources of the regions, has become an important problem that all the major citrus producing areas focus on. The paper firstly compares citrus production cost of the major citrus producing areas, and then reveals the reason causing cost differentiation in the central and eastern areas according to general linear model and panel data, finally proposes several suggestions to control citrus production cost.
28042339
Chinese Abbreviation-Definition Identification: A SVM Approach Using Context Information
As a special form of unknown words, Chinese abbreviations represent significant problems for Chinese text processing. The goal of this study is to automatically find the definition for a Chinese abbreviation in the context where both the abbreviation and its definition occur, enforcing the constraint of one sense per discourse for an abbreviation. First, the candidate abbreviation-definition pairs are collected, and then a SVM approach using context information is employed to classify candidate abbreviation-definition pairs so that the pairs can be identified. The performance of the approach is evaluated on a manually annotated test corpus, and is also compared with two other machine learning approaches: Maximum Entropy and Decision Tree. Experimental results show that our approach reaches a good performance.
17718771
Balancing Trust and Incentive in Peer-to-Peer Collaborative System
In order to maximize resource utilization as well as providing trust management in P2P computing environments, we propose a novel framework - Trust-Incentive Service Management (TIM). Having child model, club model, bid model and trust model, TIM is constructed based on role based price strategy. In this mechanism, providers set the price according to demand and supply, and consumers maximize the surplus upon budget and deadline. A weighted voting scheme is also proposed to secure the P2P system by declining the join request from malicious peers. TIM is scalable and efficient in that: (1) it is completely distributed without a central server; (2) it dynamically manages the price and service by integrating valuables of pricing, trust, and incentive. A TIM prototype has been successfully implemented in a real P2P system, CROWN. We evaluate the proposed approach through comprehensive experiments and achieve improved results in service allocation efficiency, system completion time, and aggregated resource utilization.
4832713
Heteroscedastic Probabilistic Linear Discriminant Analysis with Semi-supervised Extension
Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is a commonly used method for dimensionality reduction. Despite its successes, it has limitations under some situations, including the small sample size problem, the homoscedasticity assumption that different classes have the same Gaussian distribution, and its inability to produce probabilistic output and handle missing data. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised and heteroscedastic extension of probabilistic LDA, called S2HPLDA, which aims at overcoming all these limitations under a common principled framework. Moreover, we apply automatic relevance determination to determine the required dimensionality of the low-dimensional space for dimensionality reduction. We empirically compare our method with several related probabilistic subspace methods on some face and object databases. Very promising results are obtained from the experiments showing the effectiveness of our proposed method.
24687403
A synthesis scheme for simultaneous scheduling, binding, partitioning and placement with resources operating at multiple voltages
One promising technique to reduce power consumption is to power a chip with multiple supply voltages. However, as noticed by M.C. Johnson and K. Roy (see ACM Trans. Design Auto. Electronic Syst., vol.2, p.227-48, 1997), multiple voltage designs can cause a number of serious layout problems. We have shown that the layout problems can be partially solved by the addition of a partitioning step into the synthesis flow. A more subtle solution to solve the layout problems requires placement also to be included in the design flow. We present a synthesis scheme, following a simulated annealing engine, to minimize power consumption and area with resources operating at multiple voltages under timing constraints. The scheme simultaneously considers many correlated factors, such as scheduling, binding, partitioning and placement, to reduce power consumption due to both functional units and interconnections between and among them. Experiments with a number of DSP benchmarks show that the proposed algorithm can achieve significant reduction in power and area.
17357435
Improving Videophone Transmission over Multi-Rate IEEE 802.11e Networks
In this paper, we propose an adaptive system for improving videophone transmission over EDCA. We consider that a videophone contains a constant bit rate (CBR) voice source and a rate-adaptive video source. Two issues are addressed in this research. Firstly, how to solve the AP bottleneck problem, and secondly, how to adjust video source rate to improve the network performance. For the first issue, we propose the adjustment of the transmission opportunity (TXOP) to give AP a higher priority in voice transmission in order to eliminate the AC3 transmission bottleneck at the AP. For the second issue, our principle is to guarantee the throughput of voice traffic while transmitting as much video traffic as possible. Moreover, we consider more realistic multi-rate WLANs, where multiple transmission rates are used in the PHY layer depending on the underlaying channel conditions.