119289646
A statistical prescription to estimate properly normalized distributions of different particle species
Abstract We describe a statistical method to estimate the composition of a sample of particle tracks in terms of the species of these particles. We consider the case when the particle identification information strongly depends on some kinematical variables, whose distributions are poorly known and different for each particle species. We show that the proposed procedure provides a properly normalized estimate of the unknown distributions with minimal assumption on their functional form. Moreover, we show that the method can be generalized to any kinematical distribution of the particles.
123031501
Triggering on Heavy Flavors at Hadron Colliders
For a number of interesting processes in the sector of heavy flavors, the quality of measurements made at hadron colliders is very similar to the quality achieved at e+e− colliders (known as B factories). The key to performing such measurements in a hadron environment is the ability to select rare processes from background in real time, that is, to trigger on them. Two distinctive features of heavy-flavor decays have been used for this purpose: the presence of leptons in the final state and secondary vertices produced by the relatively long lifetime. The selection of events based on long lifetime, although technically very challenging, is the most inclusive of all such techniques, allowing access to the widest range of channels. The focus of this review is on the innovative concepts that permitted the reconstruction of tracks produced in hadron collisions with sufficient speed and accuracy for use at trigger level to detect heavy-flavor decays.
47564335
Level-2 Calorimeter Trigger Upgrade at CDF
The CDF Run II level-2 calorimeter trigger is implemented in hardware and is based on a simple algorithm used in Run I. This system has worked well for Run II at low luminosity. However, as the Tevatron instantaneous luminosity increases, the limitation due to the simple algorithm starts to become clear. In this paper, we will present an upgrade path to the level-2 calorimeter trigger system at CDF. This upgrade approach is based on the Pulsar board, a general purpose VME board developed at CDF and used for upgrading both the level-2 tracking and the Level-2 global decision crate. This paper will describe the design, hardware and software implementation, as well as the advantages of this approach over the existing system.
113690341
EM Design of the Low-Beta SC Cavities for the Project X Front End
56240189
CW Room Temperature Re-buncher for the PIP-II Linac Front End
At Fermilab there is a plan for improvements to the Fermilab accelerator complex aimed at providing a beam power capability of at least 1 MW on target. The essential element of the plan (the Proton Improvement Plan II – PIP-II) is a new 800 MeV superconducting linac. The PIP-II linac consists of a room temperature front-end and a high energy part that uses five types of superconducting cavities to cover the entire velocity range required for beam acceleration. The room temperature front end is composed of an ion source, low energy beam transport line (LEBT), radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ), and medium energy beam transport line (MEBT). The paper summarises design of a re-buncher cavity used in the MEBT section.