118384330
Mesonic quasinormal modes of the Sakai-Sugimoto model at high temperature
We examine the mesonic thermal spectrum of the Sakai-Sugimoto model of holographic QCD by finding the quasinormal frequencies of the supergravity dual. If flavor is added using D8-D8 branes there exist embeddings where the D-brane world volume contains a black hole. For these embeddings (the high-temperature phase of the Sakai-Sugimoto model) we determine the quasinormal spectra of scalar and vector mesons arising from the world volume Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) action of the D-brane. We stress the importance of a coordinate change that makes the infalling quasinormal modes regular at the horizon allowing a simple numerical shooting technique. Finally we examine the effect of finite spatial momentum on quasinormal spectra.
118470786
Chemical potential in the gravity dual of a 2 + 1 dimensional system
We study probe D5 branes in D3 brane AdS5 and AdS5-Schwarzschild backgrounds as a prototype dual description of strongly coupled 2+1 dimensional quasiparticles. We introduce a chemical potential through the U(1)R symmetry group, U(1) baryon number, and a U(1) of isospin in the multiflavor case. We find the appropriate D5 embeddings in each case—the embeddings do not exhibit the spontaneous symmetry breaking that would be needed for a superconductor. The isospin chemical potential does induce the condensation of charged meson states.
18555159
Additional fermion families and precision electroweak data
Abstract The S , T , and U formalism for studying electroweak precision data has recently been updated to include the effects of new light physics and within this analysis the latest LEP and SLC data tightly constrain models of physics beyond the Standard Model. We re-examine the constraints on additional strong and weakly interacting fermion families in the light of these developments. We conclude that the precision data favour models with at least one fermion with a mass below 150 GeV.
7462815
Softly broken SQCD: in the continuum, on the lattice, on the brane
Abstract We review progress in studying the solutions of SQCD in the presence of explicit, soft SUSY breaking terms. Massive N = 1 SQCD in the presece of a small gaugino mass leads to a controlled solution which has interesting phase structure with changing θ angle reminiscent of the QCD chiral Lagrangian. Current attempts to test the solutions of pure glue SQCD on the lattice require a theoretical understandinf of the theory with small gaugino mass in order to understand the approach to the SUSY point. We provide such a description making predictions for the gaugino condensate and lightest bound state masses. Finally we briefly review recent D-brane constructions of 4D gauge theories in string theory including a non-supersymmetric configuration. We identify this configuration with softly broken N = 2 SQCD.
119206061
Hadronization at the AdS wall
We describe hadronization events, using the AdS/CFT Correspondence, which display many of the qualitative features expected in QCD. In particular we study the motion of strings with separating end points in a back-reacted hard wall geometry. The solutions show the development of a linear QCD-like string. The end points oscillate in the absence of string breaking. We introduce string breaking by hand and evolve the new state forward in time to observe the separation of two string segments. A kink associated with this breaking evolves to the end points of the string inducing rho meson production. We explicitly compute the rho meson production at the end point.
14538317
Field theory operator encoding in N = 2 geometries
We investigate supergravity solutions describing D5-branes wrapped on a two cycle which are dual to = 2 super Yang Mills theory. Brane probing these solutions allows the moduli space of the field theory to be identified. There are a unique set of coordinates in which the field theory on the probe takes an = 2 form and in these coordinates the running coupling of the gauge theory may be identified. We show that the geometry, when restricted to the moduli space, takes a very simple form involving only two functions. One is the running gauge coupling whilst the other parametrizes the scalar operators of the field theory. The D5-brane distributions, for the full set of solutions in the literature, can be determined by assuming the field theory's form for the running coupling as a function of scalar vevs. We show that the resulting distributions also correctly reproduce the scalar operators parametrized elsewhere providing the first non-trivial consistency check on the duality.
15940232
Comparisons of an evolutionary chemical model with other models
We compare an evolutionary chemical model with simple empirical models of the abundance and with static chemical models. We focus on the prediction of molecular line profiles that are commonly observed in low-mass star forming cores. We show that empirical models can be used to constrain evaporation radii and infall radii using lines of some species. Species with more complex abundance profiles are not well represented by the empirical models. Static chemical models produce abundance profiles different from those obtained from an evolutionary calculation, because static models do not account for the flow of matter inward from the outer regions. The resulting profiles of lines used to probe infall may differ substantially.
14925292
A PARAMETER STUDY OF THE DUST AND GAS TEMPERATURE IN A FIELD OF YOUNG STARS
We model the thermal effect of young stars on their surrounding environment in order to understand clustered star formation. We take radiative heating of dust, dust-gas collisional heating, cosmic-ray heating, and molecular cooling into account. Using DUSTY, a spherical continuum radiative transfer code, we model the dust temperature distribution around young stellar objects with various luminosities and surrounding gas and dust density distributions. We have created a grid of dust temperature models, based on our modeling with DUSTY, which we can use to calculate the dust temperature in a field of stars with various parameters. We then determine the gas temperature assuming energy balance. Our models can be used to make large-scale simulations of clustered star formation more realistic.
119355247
Studying Infall
The study of protostellar collapse or infall has proven unusually difficult and controversial. Some historical context will be provided, against which recent advances can be measured. We now have a substantial number of objects with signatures that can be interpreted in terms of collapse, but a number of issues remain. One issue is the effect of chemical variations, especially depletion in the dense, cold interiors of cores that are likely to form low mass stars. Strategies for dealing with this issue depend on using dust emission to constrain the density and temperature distribution, leaving molecular line observations to constrain dynamics and abundance distributions. Recent progress in this area will be described and we will consider the next challenges to be overcome. Interferometeric observations, especially with future instruments, will provide a powerful tool. In combination with chemical studies coupled with dynamical models, the observations made possible by interferometers should finally put this subject on a firm foundation.
118563815
Fragmentation And Evolution Of Molecular Clouds. II. The Effect Of Dust Heating
We investigate the effect of heating by luminosity sources in a simulation of clustered star formation. Our heating method involves a simplified continuum radiative transfer method that calculates the dust temperature. The gas temperature is set by the dust temperature. We present the results of four simulations; two simulations assume an isothermal equation of state and the two other simulations include dust heating. We investigate two mass regimes, i.e., 84 M? and 671 M?, using these two different energetics algorithms. The mass functions for the isothermal simulations and simulations that include dust heating are drastically different. In the isothermal simulation, we do not form any objects with masses above 1 M?. However, the simulation with dust heating, while missing some of the low-mass objects, forms high-mass objects (~20 M?) which have a distribution similar to the Salpeter initial mass function. The envelope density profiles around the stars formed in our simulation match observed values around isolated, low-mass star-forming cores. We find the accretion rates to be highly variable and, on average, increasing with final stellar mass. By including radiative feedback from stars in a cluster-scale simulation, we have determined that it is a very important effect which drastically affects the mass function and yields important insights into the formation of massive stars.
119530552
SHARC-II Mapping of Spitzer c2d Small Clouds and Cores
We present the results of a submillimeter survey of 53 low-mass dense cores with the Submillimeter High Angular Resolution Camera II (SHARC-II). The survey is a follow-up project to the Spitzer Legacy Program From Molecular Cores to Planet-Forming Disks, with the purpose of creating a complete data set of nearby low-mass dense cores from the infrared to the millimeter. We present maps of 52 cores at 350 μm and three cores at 450 μm, two of which were observed at both wavelengths. Of these 52 cores, 41 were detected by SHARC-II; 32 contained one submillimeter source, while 9 contained multiple sources. For each submillimeter source detected, we report various source properties including source position, fluxes in various apertures, size, aspect ratio, and position angle. For the 12 cores that were not detected we present upper limits. The sources detected by SHARC-II have, on average, smaller sizes at the 2 σ contours than those derived from longer wavelength bolometer observations. We conclude that this is not caused by a failure to integrate long enough to detect the full extent of the core; instead it arises primarily from the fact that the observations presented in this survey are insensitive to smoothly varying extended emission. We find that SHARC-II observations of low-mass cores are much better suited to distinguishing between starless and protostellar cores than observations at longer wavelengths. Very low luminosity objects, a new class of objects being discovered by the Spitzer Space Telescope in cores previously classified as starless, look very similar at 350 μm to other cores with more luminous protostars.