119331321
Boundary energy of the open XXX chain with a non-diagonal boundary term
We analyze the ground state of the open spin-1/2 isotropic quantum spin chain with a non-diagonal boundary term using a recently proposed Bethe ansatz solution. As the coefficient of the non-diagonal boundary term tends to zero, the Bethe roots split evenly into two sets: those that remain finite, and those that become infinite. We argue that the former satisfy conventional Bethe equations, while the latter satisfy a generalization of the Richardson–Gaudin equations. We derive an expression for the leading correction to the boundary energy in terms of the boundary parameters.
119131032
Algebraic Bethe ansatz for singular solutions
The Bethe equations for the isotropic periodic spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain with N sites have solutions containing i/2, -i/2 that are singular: both the corresponding energy and the algebraic Bethe ansatz vector are divergent. Such solutions must be carefully regularized. We consider a regularization involving a parameter that can be determined using a generalization of the Bethe equations. These generalized Bethe equations provide a practical way of determining which singular solutions correspond to eigenvectors of the model.
119126382
Twisting singular solutions of Betheʼs equations
The Bethe equations for the periodic XXX and XXZ spin chains admit singular solutions, for which the corresponding eigenvalues and eigenvectors are ill-defined. We use a twist regularization to derive conditions for such singular solutions to be physical, in which case they correspond to genuine eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the Hamiltonian.
118246678
Gravitational radiation of generic isolated horizons
From the similarity between null infinity and horizons, we show how to set up proper frames near generic isolated horizons. The asymptotic expansion and reference spin frame are used to study gravitational radiation near generic isolated horizons and it turns out that the news function appears on non-expanding horizon. We also verify that the surface gravity is constant on (weakly) isolated horizon. The corresponding conserved quantities and relevant asymptotic symmetry groups which allow gravitational radiation of generic isolated horizons are obtained from asymptotic expansion.
119273603
Gravitational radiation and angular momentum flux from a spinning dynamical black hole
A four-dimensional asymptotic expansion scheme is used to s tudy the next order effects of the nonlinearity near a spinning dynamical black hole. The angu lar momentum flux and energy flux formula are then obtained by asymptotic expansion and th e compatibility of the coupling Newman-Penrose equations. After constructing the referen c frame in terms of the compatible constant spinors, the energy-momentum flux is derived and it is related to the black hole area growth. Directly from the flux formula of the spinning dynami cal horizon, we find that the physically reasonable condition on the positivity of the gr avitational energy flux yields that the shear will monotonically decrease with time.
118403301
Domain wall space-times with a cosmological constant
We solve the vacuum Einstein's field equations with the cosmological constant in space-times admitting three-parameter group of isometries with two-dimensional spacelike orbits. The general exact solutions, which are represented in the advanced and retarded null coordinates, have two arbitrary functions due to the freedom of choosing null coordinates. In the thin-wall approximation, the Israel's junction conditions yield one constraint equation on these two functions in spherical, planar, and hyperbolic domain wall space-times with reflection symmetry. The remain freedom of choosing coordinates is completely fixed by requiring that, when the surface energy density {sigma}{sub 0} of domain walls vanishes, the metric solutions will return to some well-known solutions. It leads us to find a planar domain wall solution, which is conformally flat, in the de Sitter universe.
5224194
3D Magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of Parker instability with cosmic rays
This study investigates Parker instability in an interstellar medium (ISM) near the Galactic plane using three-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamic simulations. Parker instability arises from the presence of a magnetic field in a plasma, wherein the magnetic buoyant pressure expels the gas and cause the gas to move along the field lines. The process is thought to induce the formation of giant molecular clouds in the Galaxy. In this study, the effects of cosmic-ray (CR) diffusion are examined. The ISM at equilibrium is assumed to comprise a plasma fluid and a CR fluid at various temperatures, with a uniform magnetic field passing through it in the azimuthal direction of the Galactic disk. After a small perturbation, the unstable gas aggregates at the footpoint of the magnetic fields and forms dense blobs. The growth rate of the instability increases with the strength of the CR diffusion. The formation of dense clouds is enhanced by the effect of cosmic rays (CRs), whereas the shape of the clouds depends sensitively on the initial conditions of perturbation.
117028848
Gravitational radiation and angular momentum flux from a slowly rotating dynamical black hole
A four-dimensional asymptotic expansion scheme is used to study the next-order effects of the nonlinearity near a spinning dynamical black hole. The angular-momentum flux and energy flux formula are then obtained by constructing the reference frame in terms of the compatible constant spinors and the compatibility of the coupling leading-order Newman-Penrose equations. By using the slow rotation and small-tide approximation for a spinning black hole, the horizon cross-section we chose is spherical symmetric. It turns out the flux formula is rather simple and can be compared with the known results. Directly from the energy flux formula of the slow-rotating dynamical horizon, we find that the physically reasonable condition on requiring the positivity of the gravitational energy flux yields that the shear will monotonically decrease with time. Thus a slow-rotating dynamical horizon will asymptotically approach an isolated horizon during late time.