123063233
ON THE STABILITY OF RAPIDITY GAP ANALYSIS
It is argued that the newly introduced moments of rapidity gaps for the event-by-event fluctuations depends on the number of events and multiplicity. The interesting ones are unstable under ISR energies of h–h collisions. The instability is well improved when multiplicity increases.
16991538
On the Dominance of Statistical Fluctuation in the Factorial-Moment Study of Chaos in Low Multiplicity Events of High Energy Collisions
It is shown using Monte Carlo simulation that for low multiplicity events the single-event factorial moments are saturated by the statistical fluctuations. The diverse of the event-space moments $C_{p,q}$ of single-event moments with the diminishing of phase space scale, called ``erraticity'', observed in experiment can readily be reproduced by a flat probability distribution with only statistical fluctuations and therefore does not indicate the existence of chaos as suggested. The possibility of studying chaos in high multiplicity events using erraticity analysis is discussed.
120866499
FRACTALITY IN ELEMENTARY COLLISIONS
Different fractality in hadron–hadron and e+e- collisions and its experimental observation are reviewed. The discussions on related underlying dynamics are presented.
118547741
Statistical and dynamical fluctuations of Binder ratios in heavy ion collisions
Higher moments of the net-proton Binder ratio, which is suggested to be a good observation to locate the QCD critical point, is measured in relativistic heavy ion collisions. We first estimate the effect of statistical fluctuations of the third- and fourth-order Binder ratios. Then the dynamical Binder ratio is proposed and investigated in both transport and statistical models. The energy dependence of dynamical Binder ratios with different system sizes at RHIC beam scan energies is presented and discussed.
116833066
Locating the critical point of QCD phase transition by finite-size scaling
It is pointed out that in relativistic heavy ion collisions, critical related observable in the vicinity of critical point should follow finite-size scaling. The methods of finding and locating critical point are established for the first time by finite-size scaling and its critical characteristics, in particular, the fixed-point and straight-line behavior. As an application of the method, the critical behavior at RHIC data is demonstrated.
123369286
Local charge nonequilibrium and anomalous energy dependence of normalized moments in narrow rapidity windows
122877762
Analysis on modified Chaplygin gas as dark energy model
In this paper, we will continue to study the modified Chaplygin gas (MCG) based on Ref. 25. Concretely, we not only discuss both the change rates of the energy densities and the Hubble parameter H(z) as a function of the model parameters, which is compared and consistent with the related data in Ref. 27, but also perform the Om diagnostic in order to geometrically differentiate the MCG model from the ΛCDM, GCG and CG models. Moreover, we plot the evolutionary trajectories of MCG model with different interaction terms in Om planes, and find that the coupling intensity b2 plays an important role in the MCG model. Furthermore, we also reconstruct the potential of MCG scalar field as well as the dynamics of the scalar field according to the evolution of the MCG dark energy. It is worth stressing that the results given by us can include the ones without interaction as the special cases.
118569311
Modified f(G) gravity models with curvature–matter coupling
A modified f(G) gravity model with coupling between matter and geometry is proposed, which is described by the product of the Lagrange density of the matter and an arbitrary function of the Gauss–Bonnet term. The field equations and the equations of motion corresponding to this model show the non-conservation of the energy-momentum tensor, the presence of an extra force acting on test particles and non-geodesic motion. Moreover, the energy conditions and the stability criterion at the de Sitter point in modified f(G) gravity models with curvature–matter coupling are derived, which can degenerate to the well-known energy conditions in general relativity. Furthermore, in order to get some insight in the meaning of these energy conditions, we apply them to the specific models of f(G) gravity and the corresponding constraints on the models are given. In addition, the conditions and the candidate for late-time cosmic accelerated expansion in modified f(G) gravity are studied by means of conditions of power-law expansion and the equation of state of matter ω smaller than $-\frac{1}{3}$.
118401402
Constraints on a decomposed dark fluid with constant adiabatic sound speed by jointing the geometry test and growth rate after Planck data
In this paper, a unified dark fluid with constant adiabatic sound speed is decomposed into cold dark matter interacting with vacuum energy. Based on a Markov-chain Monte Carlo method, we constrain this model by jointing the geometry and dynamical measurement. The geometry test includes cosmic microwave background radiation from Planck, baryon acoustic oscillation, and type-Ia supernovae; the dynamic measurement is $f{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{8}(z)$ data points, which is obtained from the growth rate via redshift space distortion, and ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{8}(z)$ is the root-mean-square amplitude of the density contrast $\ensuremath{\delta}$ at the comoving $8{h}^{\ensuremath{-}1}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{Mpc}$ scale. The jointed constraint shows that $\ensuremath{\alpha}=0.00066{2}_{\ensuremath{-}0.000662}^{+0.000173}$ and ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{8}=0.82{4}_{\ensuremath{-}0.0166}^{+0.0128}$. The CMB and matter power spectra are both similar for the case of $\ensuremath{\alpha}=\text{mean}$ value and that of $\ensuremath{\alpha}=0$. However, the evolutionary curves of $f{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{8}(z)$ are different. This means that, to some extent, the data points of the growth rate could break the degeneracy of the dark energy models.
121215675
Self-gravitation interaction of IR deformed Hořava–Lifshitz gravity via new Hamilton–Jacobi method
The apparent discovery of logarithmic entropies has a significant impact on IR deformed Hořava–Lifshitz (IRDHL) gravity in which the original infrared (IR) property is improved by introducing three-geometry's Ricci scalar term "μ4 R" in action. Here, we reevaluate the Hawking radiation in IRDHL by using recent new Hamilton–Jacobi method (NHJM). In particular, a thorough analysis is considered both in asymptotically flat Kehagias–Sfetsos and asymptotically non-flat Park models in IRDHL. We find the NHJM offers simplifications on the technical side. The modification in the entropy expression is given by the physical interpretation of self-gravitation of the Hawking radiation in this new Hamilton–Jacobi (HJ) perspectives.
118457694
Combined constraints on modified Chaplygin gas model from cosmological observed data: Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach
We use the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to investigate a global constraints on the modified Chaplygin gas (MCG) model as the unification of dark matter and dark energy from the latest observational data: the Union2 dataset of type supernovae Ia (SNIa), the observational Hubble data (OHD), the cluster X-ray gas mass fraction, the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO), and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. In a flat universe, the constraint results for MCG model are, $${\Omega_{b}h^{2}\,{=}\,0.02263^{+0.00184}_{-0.00162} (1\sigma)^{+0.00213}_{-0.00195} (2\sigma)}$$, $${B_{s}\,{=}\,0.7788^{+0.0736}_{-0.0723}(1\sigma)^{+0.0918}_{-0.0904} (2\sigma)}$$, $${\alpha\,{=}\,0.1079^{+0.3397}_{-0.2539} (1\sigma)^{+0.4678}_{-0.2911} (2\sigma)}$$, $${B\,{=}\,0.00189^{+0.00583}_{-0.00756}(1\sigma)^{+0.00660}_{-0.00915} (2\sigma)}$$, and $${H_{0}=70.711^{+4.188}_{-3.142} (1\sigma)^{+5.281}_{-4.149}(2\sigma)}$$.