14195858
Analytic properties of the QCD running coupling constant and τ decay
Abstract A non-perturbative expansion method which gives a well-defined analytic continuation of the running coupling constant from the spacelike to the timelike region is applied to the inclusive semileptonic decay of the τ-lepton. The method allows us to evaluate R τ by integration over the non-perturbative physical region, rather than by using Cauchy's theorem, and hence to incorporate threshold effects in a very direct way. Within our framework the difference between the effective coupling constants in the timelike and spacelike domains can be substantial and is not simply a matter of the standard π 2 terms.
122803009
Gauge invariance and covariant Reggeization
SummaryBy the use of gauge-invariant couplings the formalism of covariant Reggeization is extended to deal with processes involving photons. Particular attention is paid to pion photoproduction, where Reggeized pion and nucleon exchange are shown to connect smoothly on to the elementary exchanges both from the form of the vertex couplings and form their respective contributions to the invariant amplitudes. In the latter approach the double-pole structure of the Coulomb Born terms is correctly reproduced. Pion Compton scattering is also studied as an archetypal two-photon process: here the problem of Pomeron Reggeization is similarly resolved. The Froissart-Gribov continuation is briefly discussed, as is the forward peak in π+ photoproduction.RiassuntoUsando gli accoppiamenti di invarianti di gauge si estende il formalismo della reggeizzazione covariante a trattare processi che coinvolgono i fotoni. Si dedica particolare attenzione alla fotoproduzione dei pioni, dimostrando che gli scambi reggeizzati del pione e del nucleone si raccordano agli scambi elementari sia per la forma degli accoppiamenti di vertice sia pei loro rispettivi contributi alle ampiezze invarianti. In quest'ultimo approccio si riproduce correttamente la struttura a poli doppi dei termini di Born coulombiani. Si studia anche lo scattering Compton del pione come un processo archetipo a due fotoni: in questo caso si risolve in modo analogo il problema della reggeizzazione del pomerone. Si discute brevemente la continuazione di Froissart-Gribov, come pure si discute il picco in avanti nella fotoproduzione del π+.РезюмеИспользуя калибровочно инвариантные связи, формлизм ковариантной реджеизации распространяется, чтобы рассмотреть процессы, включающие фотоны. Особенное внимание уделяется фоторождению пионов, где, как показывается, реджеизованный пионный и нуклонный обмен связаны плавно с элементарными обменами и из формы вершинных связей и из их сооттветствующих вкладов в инвариантные амплитуды. В последнем подходе корректно воспроизводится структура двойных полюсов кулоновских борновских членов. Также исследуется комптоновское рассеяние пионов, как архитипичный двух-фотонный процесс: где проблема реджеизации Померона разрешается аналогично. Вкратце обсуждается продолжение Фройссарта-Грибова, которое представляет пик вперед в π+ фоторождении.
117287068
A New Approach to QCD Sum Rules and Inclusive $\tau$ Decay
We show that renormalization group improvement, making use of analyticity and the structure of the operator product expansion, combined with a non-perturbative expansion method allows one to describe quarkonium states via QCD sum rules without the need for explicit power corrections. This technique also allows an accurate determination of parameters related to the inclusive decay of the $\tau$ lepton.
120377044
Electroproduction of isolated protons at high energy as a probe of the proton wave function in QCD
AbstractWe investigate the feasibility of using the process
$$eq \to ep\bar q\bar q$$
 as a means of determining the proton wave function which governs all exclusive processes involving protons. The calculation is performed in the limitŴ2≪Q2, whereŴ is the CM energy of the subprocess. The resulting expressions simplify considerably when an additional constraint is imposed excluding any hadrons accompanying the proton from a cone around it of half-angle θ≪1. However, a direct determination is still only possible in the case of a symmetric wave-function. A numerical exploration of the sensitivity of the cross-section to the parameters of an ansatz for the wave function shows a strong dependence on components which are not totally symmetric.
118655103
Comment on New ansatz for metric operator calculation in pseudo-Hermitian field theory
In a recent Brief Report by Shalaby, a new first-order perturbative calculation of the metric operator for an $i{\ensuremath{\phi}}^{3}$ scalar field theory is given. It is claimed that the incorporation of derivative terms in the ansatz for the metric operator results in a local solution, in contrast to the nonlocal solution previously obtained by Bender, Brody, and Jones. Unfortunately, Shalaby's calculation is not valid because of sign errors.
42992493
Interpolating Lagrangians and SU(2) gauge theory on the lattice.
We apply the linear {delta} expansion to non-Abelian gauge theory on the lattice, with SU(2) as the gauge group. We establish an appropriate parametrization and evaluate the average plaquette energy {ital E}{sub {ital P}} to {ital O}({delta}). As a check on our results, we recover the large-{beta} expansion up to {ital O}(1/{beta}{sup 2}), which involves some {ital O}({delta}{sup 2}) contributions. Using these contributions we construct a variant of the 1/{beta} expansion which gives a good fit to the data down to the transition region.
7583247
A probable planetary companion to HD 39091 from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search
We report the detection of a extrasolar planet candidate orbiting the G1 V star HD 39091. The orbital period is 2083 d and the eccentricity is 0.62. With a minimum (M sin i) mass of 10.3 MJUP this object falls near the high mass end of the observed planet mass function, and may plausibly be a brown dwarf. Other characteristics of this system, including orbital eccentricity and metallicity, are typical of the well populated class of radial velocity planets in eccentric orbits around metal-rich stars.
12853273
The identification of HCN and HNC in carbon stars: model atmospheres, synthetic spectra and fits to observations in the 2.7-4.0 μm region
Model carbon star atmospheres and synthetic spectra have been calculated using the recent HCN/HNC vibration rotation linelist of Harris et al. 2002b, ApJ, 578, 657. The calculations are repeated using only HCN lines and show that HNC has a significant effect upon the temperature, density and optical depth of a stellar atmosphere. We fit synthetic spectra in the 2.7-4.0 µm region to observed ISO spectra of the carbon stars WZ Cas and TX Psc obtained by Aoki et al. 1998, A&A, 340, 222. These fits allow us to identify absorption by HNC in the spectrum of WZ Cas at 2.8-2.9 µm, and to determine new independent estimates of effective temperature and log(NC/NO) . The findings reported here indicate that absorption by both HCN and HNC is needed to fully explain the observed stellar spectra and represent the first
119520409
Extrasolar planets around HD 196050, HD 216437 and HD 160691
We report precise Doppler measurements of the stars HD 216437, HD 196050 and HD 160691 obtained with the Anglo-Australian Telescope using the UCLES spectrometer together with an iodine cell as part of the Anglo-Australian Planet Search. Our measurements reveal periodic Keplerian velocity variations that we interpret as evidence for planets in orbit around these solar type stars. HD 216437 has a period of 1294±250 d, a semi-amplitude of 38±4 m s 1 and of an eccentricity of 0.33±0.09. The minimum (M sin i) mass of the companion is 2.1±0.3 MJUP and the semi-major axis is 2.4±0.5 au. HD 196050 has a period of 1288±230 d, a semi-amplitude of 54±8 m s 1 and an eccentricity of 0.28±0.15. The minimum mass of the companion is 3.0±0.5 MJUP and the semi-major axis is 2.3±0.5 au. We also report further observations of the metal rich planet bearing star HD 160691. Our new solution confirms the previously reported planet and shows a trend indicating a second, longer-period companion. These discoveries add to the growing numbers of midly-eccentric, long-period extra-solar planets around Sun-like stars. As seems to be typical of stars with planets, both stars are metal-rich.
2457389
The distance to the cool T9 brown dwarf ULAS J003402.77-005206.7
Aims. We demonstrate the feasibility ofdetermining parallaxes for nearby objects withthe WideField Camera on the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT) using the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey as a first epoch. We determine physical parameters for ULAS J003402.77-005206.7, one of the coolest brown dwarfs currently known, using atmospheric and evolutionary models with the distance found here. Methods. Observations over the period 10/2005 to 07/2009 were pipeline processed at the Cambridge Astronomical Survey Unit and combined to produce a parallax and proper motion using standard procedures. Results. We determined π = 79.6 ±3. 8m as,μα = −20.0 ±3. 7m as/yr and μδ = −363.8 ±4. 3m as/yr for ULAS J003402.77-005206.7. Conclusions. We have made a direct parallax determination for one of the coolest objects outside of the solar system. The distance is consistent with a relatively young, 1−2 Gyr, low mass, 13−20 MJ, cool, 550−600 K, brown dwarf. We present a measurement of the radial velocity that is consistent with an age between 0.5 and 4.0 Gyr.
118608411
MID-INFRARED PHOTOMETRY OF COLD BROWN DWARFS: DIVERSITY IN AGE, MASS, AND METALLICITY
Original article can be found at: http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/apj [Full text of this article is not available in the UHRA]