119104224
A study of Wall-Crossing: flavored kinks in D = 2 QED
We study spectrum of D = 2 $$\mathcal {N} $$ = (2, 2) QED with N + 1 massive charged chiral multiplets, with care given to precise supermultiplet countings. In the infrared the theory flows to ℂℙN model with twisted masses, where we construct generic flavored kink solitons for the large mass regime, and study their quantum degeneracies. These kinks are qualitatively different and far more numerous than those of small mass regime, with features reminiscent of multi-pronged (p, q) string web, complete with the wall-crossing behavior. It has been also conjectured that spectrum of this theory is equivalent to the hypermultiplet spectrum of a certain D = 4 Seiberg-Witten theory. We find that the correspondence actually extends beyond hypermultiplets in D = 4, and that many of the relevant indices match. However, a D = 2 BPS state is typically mapped to several different kind of dyons whose individual supermultiplets are rather complicated; the match of index comes about only after summing over indices of these different dyons. We note general wall-crossing behavior of flavored BPS kink states, and compare it to those of D = 4 dyons.
12803114
Nonrelativistic superconformal M2-brane theory
We investigate the low energy physics of particles in the symmetric phase of the = 6 mass-deformed ABJM theory in terms of the superconformal nonrelativistic field theory with 14 supercharges. They describe a certain kind of excitations on M2 branes in the background of external four-form flux. We study the nonrelativistic superconformal algebra and their representations by using the operator-state correspondence with the related harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian. We find the unitarity bounds on the scaling dimension and particle number of any local operator, and comment on subtleties in computing the superconformal Witten index that counts the chiral operators.
17654907
= 5, 6 superconformal Chern-Simons theories and M2-branes on orbifolds
We explore further our recent generalization of the = 4 superconformal Chern-Simons theories of Gaiotto and Witten. We find and construct explicitly theories of enhanced = 5 or 6 supersymmetry, especially = 5, Sp(2M) ? O(N) and = 6, Sp(2M) ? O(2) theories. The U(M) ? U(N) theory coincides with the = 6 theory of Aharony, Bergman, Jafferis and Maldacena (ABJM). We argue that the = 5 theory with Sp(2N) ? O(2N) gauge group can be understood as an orientifolding of the ABJM model with U(2N) ? U(2N) gauge group. We briefly discuss the Type IIB brane construction of the = 5 theory and the geometry of the M-theory orbifold.
18855518
Abelian Gauge Theory on M2-brane and Toric Duality
We write down the abelian gauge theory on a single M2-brane probing toric Calabi-Yau four-fold singularity, based on the recently proposed M-theory crystal model of AdS4/CFT3 dual pairs. The charges of the matter fields are given by the intersection numbers between loops and faces in the crystal. The moduli space of vacua of the gauge theory coincides precisely with the Calabi-Yau singularity. Toric duality, partial resolution, and a possibility of new RG flows are also discussed.
10623913
= 4 Superconformal Chern-Simons theories with hyper and twisted hyper multiplets
We extend the = 4 superconformal Chern-Simons theories of Gaiotto and Witten to those with additional twisted hyper-multiplets. The new theories are generically linear quiver gauge theories with the two types of hyper-multiplets alternating between gauge groups. Our construction includes the Bagger-Lambert model of SO(4) gauge group. A family of abelian theories are identified with those proposed earlier in the context of the M-crystal model for M2-branes probing (2/n)2 orbifolds. Possible extension with non-abelian BF couplings and string/M-theory realization are briefly discussed.
11851576
A Nonperturbative Test of M2-Brane Theory
We discuss non-perturbative effects in the ABJM model due to monopole instantons. We begin by constructing the instanton solutions in the U(2) × U(2) model, explicitly, and computing the Euclidean action. The Wick-rotated Lagrangian is complex and its BPS monopole instantons are found to be a delicate version of the usual 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole solutions. They are generically 1/3 BPS but become 1/2 BPS at special locus in the moduli space of two M2-branes, yet each instanton carries eight fermionic zero modes, regardless of the vacuum choice. The low energy effective action induced by monopole instantons are quartic order in derivatives. The resulting vertices are nonperturbative in 1/k, as expected, but are rational functions of the vacuum moduli. We also analyze the system of two M2-branes in the supergravity framework and compute the higher order interactions via 11-dimensional supergraviton exchange. The comparison of the two shows that the instanton vertices are precisely reproduced by this M2-brane picture, supporting the proposal that the ABJM model describes multiple M2-branes.
45815179
Analytic closed orbit analysis for RHIC insertion
Analytic closed-orbit analysis is performed to evaluate the tolerance of quadrupole misalignment and dipole errors (b/sub 0/, a/sub 0/) in the RHIC insertion. Sensitivity coefficients of these errors are tabulated for different beta * values. Using these sensitivity tables, it is found that the power supplies ripple of 10/sup -4/ can cause closed orbit motion of 0.05 mm at the IP, in comparison with the RMS beam size of 0.3 mm. It is desirable to have the power supply ripple less than 10/sup -5/.<<ETX>>
17587151
Nuclear Density-Dependent Effective Coupling Constants in the Mean-Field Theory
It is shown that the equation of state of nuclear matter can be determined within the mean-field theory of $\sigma \omega$ model provided only that the nucleon effective mass curve is given. We use a family of the possible nucleon effective mass curves that reproduce the empirical saturation point in the calculation of the nuclear binding energy curves in order to obtain density-dependent effective coupling constants. The resulting density-dependent coupling constants may be used to study a possible equation of state of nuclear system at high density or neutron matter. Within the constraints used in this paper to $M^*$ of nuclear matter at saturation point and zero density, neutron matter of large incompressibility is strongly bound at high density while soft neutron matter is weakly bound at low density. The study also exhibits the importance of surface vibration modes in the study of nuclear equation of state.
118407545
TASI Lectures on Emergence of Supersymmetry, Gauge Theory and String in Condensed Matter Systems
The lecture note consists of four parts. In the first part, we review a 2+1 dimensional lattice model which realizes emergent supersymmetry at a quantum critical point. The second part is devoted to a phenomenon called fractionalization where gauge boson and fractionalized particles emerge as low energy excitations as a result of strong interactions between gauge neutral particles. In the third part, we discuss about stability and low energy effective theory of a critical spin liquid state where stringy excitations emerge in a large N limit. In the last part, we discuss about an attempt to come up with a prescription to derive holographic theory for general quantum field theory.
18287866
Properties of the exact analytic solution of the growth factor and its applications
There have been the approximate analytic solution [V. Silveira and I. Waga, Phys. Rev. D 50, 4890 (1994).] and several approximate analytic forms [W. J. Percival, Astron. Astrophys. 443, 819 (2005).][S. M. Carroll, W. H. Press, and E. L. Turner, Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 30, 499 (1992).][S. Basilakos, Astrophys. J. 590, 636 (2003).] of the growth factor ${D}_{g}$ for the general dark energy models with the constant values of its equation of state ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\mathrm{de}}$ after Heath found the exact integral form of the solution of ${D}_{g}$ for the Universe including the cosmological constant or the curvature term. Recently, we obtained the exact analytic solutions of the growth factor for both ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\mathrm{de}}=\ensuremath{-}1$ or $\ensuremath{-}\frac{1}{3}$ [S. Lee and K.-W. Ng, arXiv:0905.1522.] and the general dark energy models with the constant equation of state ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\mathrm{de}}$ [S. Lee and K.-W. Ng, Phys. Lett. B 688, 1 (2010).] independently. We compare the exact analytic solution of ${D}_{g}$ with the other well known approximate solutions. We also prove that the analytic solutions for ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\mathrm{de}}=\ensuremath{-}1$ or $\ensuremath{-}\frac{1}{3}$ in [S. Lee and K.-W. Ng, arXiv:0905.1522.] are the specific solutions of the exact solutions of the growth factor for general ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\mathrm{de}}$ models in [S. Lee and K.-W. Ng, Phys. Lett. B 688, 1 (2010).] even though they look quite different. Comparison with the numerical solution obtained from the public code is done. We also investigate the possible extensions of the exact solution of ${D}_{g}$ to the time-varying ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\mathrm{de}}$ for the comparison with observations.
14407999
Lee Wick Dark Energy
We consider the cosmological application of Lee-Wick theory where a field has a higher derivative kinetic operators. The higher derivative term can be eliminated by introducing a set of auxiliary fields. We investigate the cosmological evolutions of these fields as a candidate of dark energy. This model has the same structure as so called ``quintom' model except the form of potentials and the sign of the slope of the potentials. This model can give the stable late time phantom dominated scaling solution ($\omega_{\DE} < -1$) or tracking attractors ($\omega_{\DE} = 0$) depending on the choice of the slopes of the potential. In order to be a viable dark energy candidate, the present energy density contrast of dark energy ($\Omega_{\DE}^{(0)}$) should be close to an observed value (0.73) at the same time. However, a simple toy model of the theory can not satisfy both $\omega_{\DE}^{(0)} \simeq -1$ and $\Omega_{\DE}^{(0)} = 0.73$. If we include the self interaction term of Lee Wick field, then we are able to produce the observed values of those quantities. However, in this case we are not be able to have the stable solutions and we need to suffer from the fine tuning of its mass.