118616743
Parametrically enhanced hidden photon search
Many theories beyond the Standard Model contain hidden photons. A light hidden photon will generically couple to the Standard Model through a kinetic mixing term, giving a powerful avenue for detection using "Light-Shining-Through-A-Wall"-type transmission experiments with resonant cavities. We demonstrate a parametric enhancement of the signal in such experiments, resulting from transmission of the longitudinal mode of the hidden photon. While previous literature has focused on the production and detection of transverse modes, the longitudinal mode allows a significant improvement in experimental sensitivity. Although optical experiments such as ALPS are unable to take useful advantage of this enhancement, the reach of existing microwave cavity experiments such as CROWS is significantly enhanced beyond their published results. Future microwave cavity experiments, designed with appropriate geometry to take full advantage of the longitudinal mode, will provide a powerful probe of hidden-photon parameter space extending many orders of magnitude beyond current limits, including significant regions where the hidden photon can be dark matter.
119118716
Induced electroweak symmetry breaking and supersymmetric naturalness
In this paper we study a new class of supersymmetric models that can explain a 125 GeV Higgs without fine-tuning. These models contain additional `auxiliary Higgs' fields with large tree-level quartic interaction terms but no Yukawa couplings. These have electroweak-breaking vacuum expectation values, and contribute to the VEVs of the MSSM Higgs fields either through an induced quartic or through an induced tadpole. The quartic interactions for the auxiliary Higgs fields can arise from either D-terms or F-terms. The tadpole mechanism has been previously studied in strongly-coupled models with large D-terms, referred to as `superconformal technicolor.' The perturbative models studied here preserve gauge coupling unification in the simplest possible way, namely that all new fields are in complete SU(5) multiplets. The models are consistent with the observed properties of the 125 GeV Higgs-like boson as well as precision electroweak constraints, and predict a rich phenomenology of new Higgs states at the weak scale. The tuning is less than 10% in almost all of the phenomenologically allowed parameter space. If electroweak symmetry is broken by an induced tadpole, the cubic and quartic Higgs self-couplings are significantly smaller than in the standard model.
46556907
Detecting Boosted Dark Matter from the Sun with Large Volume Neutrino Detectors
We study novel scenarios where thermal dark matter (DM) can be efficiently captured in the Sun and annihilate into boosted dark matter. In models with semi-annihilating DM, where DM has a non-minimal stabilization symmetry, or in models with a multi-component DM sector, annihilations of DM can give rise to stable dark sector particles with moderate Lorentz boosts. We investigate both of these possibilities, presenting concrete models as proofs of concept. Both scenarios can yield viable thermal relic DM with masses O(1)-O(100) GeV. Taking advantage of the energetic proton recoils that arise when the boosted DM scatters off matter, we propose a detection strategy which uses large volume terrestrial detectors, such as those designed to detect neutrinos or proton decays. In particular, we propose a search for proton tracks pointing towards the Sun. We focus on signals at Cherenkov-radiation-based detectors such as Super-Kamiokande (SK) and its upgrade Hyper-Kamiokande (HK). We find that with spin-dependent scattering as the dominant DM-nucleus interaction at low energies, boosted DM can leave detectable signals at SK or HK, with sensitivity comparable to DM direct detection experiments while being consistent with current constraints. Our study provides a new search path for DM sectors with non-minimal structure.
119293046
ENTROPIC FORCE AND ITS FLUCTUATION IN EUCLIDEAN QUANTUM GRAVITY
In this paper, we study the idea about gravity as entropic force proposed by Verlinde. By interpreting Euclidean gravity in the language of thermodynamic quantities on holographic screen, we find the gravitational force can be calculated from the change of entropy on the screen. We show that normal gravity calculation can be reinterpreted in the language of thermodynamic variables. We also study the fluctuation of the force and find the fluctuation acting on the point-like particle can never be larger than the expectation value of the force. For a black hole in AdS space, by gauge/gravity duality, the fluctuation may be interpreted as arising from thermal fluctuation in the boundary description. And for a black hole in flat space, the ratio between fluctuation and force goes to a constant at infinity.
119178749
Diagnosing the top-quark angular asymmetry using LHC intrinsic charge asymmetries
Flavor-violating interactions involving new heavy particles are among proposed explanations for the $t\bar t$ forward-backward asymmetry observed at the Tevatron. Many of these models generate a $t\bar t$-plus-jet signal at the LHC. In this paper we identify several new charge asymmetric variables in $t\bar tj$ events that can contribute to the discovery of such models at the LHC. We propose a data-driven method for the background, largely eliminating the need for a Monte Carlo prediction of $t\bar t$-plus-jets, and thus reducing systematic errors. With a fast detector simulation, we estimate the statistical sensitivity of our variables for one of these models, finding that charge-asymmetric variables could materially assist in the exclusion of the Standard Model across much of the mass and coupling range, given 5 inverse fb of data. Should any signal appear, our variables will be useful in distinguishing classes of models from one another.
120920501
Chiral susceptibility and chiral phase transition in Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model
We give a general relation between the chiral susceptibility and the thermodynamical potential and a relation between the chiral susceptibility and the condition for furcations to appear in the Wigner solution(s) in the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model. We find that the chiral susceptibility is a quantity able to represent the appearance of furcation in the solution(s) of the gap equation and the concavo–convexity of the thermodynamical potential in the NJL model. It indicates that the chiral susceptibility can identify the stability of the states and the chiral phase transition in NJL model. We propose that analyzing the chiral susceptibility may play an important role in studying the chiral phase transition in approaches superior to the NJL model.
204895786
DEVELOPMENT OF SUPERCONDUCTING RADIO FREQUENCY CAVITIES AT SINAP
This paper will present the recent development of superconducting radio frequency cavities at Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics (SINAP). Firstly, Two KEKB type 500MHz single cell niobium cavities have been fabricated and one of them has been vertical tested successfully in 2010. The highest accelerating gradient higher than 10MV/m was obtained while the quality factor was better than 4E8 at 4.2K. Secondly, a new type of 500MHz single cell cavity has been designed which adopts the fluted beam pipe for higher order modes propagation and a coaxial type high power input coupler. Thirdly, a 500MHz 5-cell superconducting cavity with large aperture, enlarged beam pipe for HOM propagation and high r/Q value has been optimized which can be a candidate cavity for high current FEL and ERL.