119173192
Spectral probes of the holographic Fermi ground state: Dialing between the electron star and AdS Dirac hair
We argue that the electron star and the anti\char21{}de Sitter (AdS) Dirac hair solution are two limits of the free charged Fermi gas in AdS. Spectral functions of holographic duals to probe fermions in the background of electron stars have a free parameter that quantifies the number of constituent fermions that make up the charge and energy density characterizing the electron star solution. The strict electron star limit takes this number to be infinite. The Dirac hair solution is the limit where this number is unity. This is evident in the behavior of the distribution of holographically dual Fermi surfaces. As we decrease the number of constituents in a fixed electron star background the number of Fermi surfaces also decreases. An improved holographic Fermi ground state should be a configuration that shares the qualitative properties of both limits.
15310424
A Lifshitz black hole in four dimensional R(2) gravity
We consider a higher derivative gravity theory in four dimensions with a negative cosmological constant and show that vacuum solutions of both Lifshitz type and Schrodinger type with arbitrary dynamical exponent z exist in this system. Then we find an analytic black hole solution which asymptotes to the vacuum Lifshitz solution with z = 3/2 at a specific value of the coupling constant. We analyze the thermodynamic behavior of this black hole and find that the black hole has zero entropy while non-zero temperature, which is very similar to the case of BTZ black holes in new massive gravity at a specific coupling. In addition, we find that the three dimensional Lifshitz black hole recently found by E. Ayon-Beato et al. has a negative entropy and mass when the Newton constant is taken to be positive.
16662994
Hawking-Page phase transition of black Dp-branes and R-charged black holes with an IR cutoff
We show that the confinement-deconfinement phase transition of supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories with W supercharges in various dimensions can be realized through the Hawking-Page phase transition between the near horizon geometries of black Dp-branes and BPS Dp-branes by removing a small radius region in the geometry in order to realize a confinement phase, which generalizes Herzog's discussion for the holographic hard-wall AdS/QCD model. Removing a small radius region in the gravitational dual corresponds to introducing an IR cutoff in the dual field theory. We also discuss the Hawking-Page phase transition between thermal AdS(5), AdS(4), AdS(7) spaces and R-charged AdS black holes coming from the spherical reduction of the decoupling limit of rotating D3-, M2-, and M5- branes in type IIB supergravity and 11 dimensional supergravity in grand canonical ensembles, where the IR cutoff also plays a crucial role in the existence of the phase transition.
16580474
Shear viscosity from effective couplings of gravitons
We calculate the shear viscosity of field theories with gravity duals using Kubo formula by calculating the Green function of dual transverse gravitons and confirm that the value of the shear viscosity is fully determined by the effective coupling of transverse gravitons on the horizon. We calculate the effective coupling of transverse gravitons for Einstein and Gauss-Bonnet gravities coupled with matter fields, respectively. Then we apply the resulting formula to the case of AdS Gauss-Bonnet gravity with F(4) term corrections of Maxwell field and discuss the effect of F(4) terms on the ratio of the shear viscosity to entropy density.
119106319
Shear Viscosity from the Effective Coupling of Gravitons
).Known experiments such as the Quark-Gluon Plasma(QGP) in RHIC alsosatisfy this conjecture. Then more attention has been payed to the study ofthe universality of η/s through holographic method, and the η/s was foundto be still above 1/4π in Ref. 13–20. However, it was later found that theKSS bound can be slightly violated in theories with gravity dual of moregeneral theories of gravity.
118458267
Lattice potentials and fermions in holographic non Fermi-liquids: hybridizing local quantum criticality
A bstractWe study lattice effects in strongly coupled systems of fermions at a finite density described by a holographic dual consisting of fermions in Anti-de-Sitter space in the presence of a Reissner-Nordström black hole. The lattice effect is encoded by a periodic modulation of the chemical potential with a wavelength of order of the intrinsic length scales of the system. This corresponds with a highly complicated “band structure” problem in AdS, which we only manage to solve in the weak potential limit. The “domain wall” fermions in AdS encoding for the Fermi surfaces in the boundary field theory diffract as usually against the periodic lattice, giving rise to band gaps. However, the deep infrared of the field theory as encoded by the near horizon AdS2 geometry in the bulk reacts in a surprising way to the weak potential. The hybridization of the fermions bulk dualizes into a linear combination of CFT1 “local quantum critical” propagators in the bulk, characterized by momentum dependent exponents displaced by lattice Umklapp vectors. This has the consequence that the metals showing quasi-Fermi surfaces cannot be localized in band insulators. In the AdS2 metal regime, where the conformal dimension of the fermionic operator is large and no Fermi surfaces are present at low T/μ, the lattice gives rise to a characteristic dependence of the energy scaling as a function of momentum. We predict crossovers from a high energy standard momentum AdS2 scaling to a low energy regime where exponents found associated with momenta “backscattered” to a lower Brillioun zone in the extended zone scheme. We comment on how these findings can be used as a unique fingerprint for the detection of AdS2 like “pseudogap metals” in the laboratory.
54683815
The optimization of a DC injector for the Energy Recovery Linac upgrade to APS
An energy recovery linac based light source is a potential revolutionary upgrade to the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory. The concept relies on several key research areas, one of which is the generation of ultra-low emittance, high-average-current electron beams. In this paper, we present our investigation of a dc-gun-based system for ultra-low emittance bunches in the 20 pC range. A parallel multi-objective numerical optimization is performed in multi-parameter space. Parameters varied include experimentally feasible drive-laser shapes, the DC gun voltage, the thermal energy of the emitted photo-electrons and other electric or magnetic field strengths, RF cavity phase etc. Our goal is to deliver a {approx}10 MeV, 20 pC bunch at the entrance of the linac with an emittance of 0.1 {micro}m or lower, rms bunch length of 2 {approx} 3 ps, and energy spread no larger than 140 keV. We present the machine parameters needed to generate such an injector beam, albeit without a merger.
55751567
Designs for a Linac-Ring LHeC
We consider three scenarios for the recirculating electron linear accelerator (RLA) of a linac-ring type electron-proton collider based on the LHC (LHeC): (i) a pulsed linac with a final beam energy of 60 GeV ['p-60'], (ii) a higher luminosity configuration with two cw linacs and energy-recovery (ERL) also at 60 GeV ['erl'], and (iii) a high energy option using a pulsed linac with 140-GeV final energy ['p-140']. We discuss parameters, synchrotron radiation, footprints, and performance for the three scenarios.
17071903
Preliminary study on emittance growth in the LHEC recirculating LINAC
In this paper, we estimate the emittance growth in the LHeC recirculating Linac, the lattice design of which is presented in another paper of IPAC10 proceedings. The possible sources for emittance growth included here are: energy spread from RF acceleration in the SRF (superconducting RF) linac together with large chromatic effects from the lattice, and synchrotron radiation (SR) fluctuations in the recirculating arcs. 6-D multi-particle tracking is launched to calculate the emittance from the statistical point of view. The simulation results are also compared with a theoretical estimation.
59328762
Response of colliding beam-beam system to harmonic excitation due to crab-cavity rf phase modulation
During 2008 and 2009 dedicated beam experiments with crab cavities were performed in the KEKB. The goal was to measure the impact of crab-cavity radio frequency (rf) noise on the beam quality. These experiments were performed as a validation of the crab-cavity beam dynamics models in view of the possible use of crab cavities in the upgrade of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). An unexpected strong beam-beam instability was observed during the course of the experiments as a kind of frequency response. Understanding this finding required extensive multiparticle and single particle simulations plus an extra experimental session to consolidate the observations.
18102246
Simple Limits on Achieving A Quasi-Linear Magnetic Compression for an FEL Driver
Free electron lasers (FEL) need a very bright electron beam in three dimensions and a high peak charge density. In order to compress an initially longer electron bunch generated from the photoinjector, magnetic bunch compression systems are widely employed. In this paper, first harmonic RF linearization and its associated requirements are reviewed. Meanwhile it is also briefly discussed what is the relation between a proper initial bunch length and main RF frequency, when a harmonic RF linearization is included. Then given a reasonable bunch compression ratio, a proper initial bunch length as a function of the main RF frequency and RF phase is estimated analytically by several approaches, assuming that no harmonic RF section is needed to linearize the energy modulation introduced during main RF acceleration, and at the same time still linearly compress the bunch length. Next the upper limit of the bunch compression ratio in a single stage is evaluated analytically. The analytical relations derived on choosing a proper initial bunch length as a function of main RF frequency are confirmed by numerical simulation. These simple limit provide rough estimations and may be beneficial for choosing bunch compression ratios in different stages of an FEL driver, especially in a first stage bunch compression where there is usually a harmonic RF linearization applied. It may also be useful in evaluating the possibility of low charge operation mode without any harmonic RF linearization, where a shorter initial bunch length can be achieved from the photoinjector.