126013185
Hamiltonian dynamics of systems with a gauge symmetry
122556456
Quantization of the electromagnetic field
The question of a canonical quantization of the electromagnetic field as a system with two primary constraints is analyzed. Attention is focused on the following aspects of the problem: 1) the conditions on physical states; 2) the "old" and "new" Gupta formalisms; 3) the interpretation of the operators , ; 4) the vacuum in quantum electrodynamics. The starting point for the analysis is Dirac's quantization recipe for systems with constraints. It is shown that the Fermi formalism with a condition on the physical states is completely correct.
121712241
On non-local effects in strong interactions
Abstract The qualitative indications of non-locality in strong interactions are pointed out for two types of non-local theories.
14101091
On superselection rules for macroscopic objects
It is shown that for "ideal" macroscopic objects there are superselection rules forbidding superpositions of macroscopically distinguishable states of the objects. For real macroscopic bodies the notion of "weak" superselection rules is introduced. Some other aspects of the measurement problem are discussed.
122065137
String-like excitations in QED
The evolution of string-like excitations of fields (exponential line integrals) in free QED and in QED with static sources is investigated. It is shown that these excitations are not stable. They break down into electromagnetic radiation and the Coulomb field. The results are compared with calculations in the lattice QED.
119040808
Quantum mechanics and the cosmological constant
It is shown that in the model [3,4] of quantum mechanics besides probability amplitudes, the Planck constant and the Fock space, the cosmological constant also appear in the natural way. The Poisson brackets are generalized for the case of kinetics.
122762219
Investigation of effects associated with variation of electric charge on a fused silica test mass
Variation of electric charge on dielectric mirrors can produce excess noise in interferometric gravitational wave detectors. Charge located on the end face of a fused silica cylinder suspended as a torsion pendulum was measured using a multistrip capacitive probe. Two types of behaviour of this system were found in long-term measurements of the free decay pendulum amplitude and voltage from the probe. The first behaviour was characterized by the slow decrease of the pendulum amplitude corresponding to Q = (6–8) × 107 and the slow change of the averaged voltage from the probe corresponding to the charging of the test mass with a rate of the order of 104e/cm2 day. The second behaviour was characterized by the presence of jumps in the amplitude and the probe voltage in which these values changed several orders faster than in the first case. We did not find coincidences between these jumps and signals from plastic scintillators installed around the vacuum chamber to detect cosmic ray showers.
59131649
Variation of electric charge on prototype of fused silica test mass of gravitational wave antenna
Abstract Results of long-term measurements of electric charge located on the fused silica test mass suspended by fused silica fibers are presented. The charge was measured by means of the capacitive probe placed in the vicinity of the oscillating test mass end face. The continuous rise of electric charge was observed after the vacuum chamber evacuation when the initial charge density was of order of 10 −14  C/cm 2 . Rare large jumps of electric charge and synchronous jumps of the test mass oscillation amplitude were observed as well. The jumps of the amplitude may be interpreted as a result of the additional damping. Possible cause of the electric charge variations associated with the cosmic ray effect is discussed. The charge variations may produce the excess noise in interferometric gravitational wave detectors.