43801105
Possible resolution of the angular momentum paradox: Fractional charge, twist, and topology in 3He-A.
We attempt to resolve the angular momentum paradox in THe-A by connecting it to the phenomenon of charge fractionalization and by writing the current as a weighted Fermi-surface sum of fractional charges. We also give a novel interpretation of the twist term in terms of topology on the Fermi surface.
124848823
Six lectures on lattice field theory
11439667
Schur functions, chiral bosons, and the quantum-Hall-effect edge states.
I demonstrate how the many-body wave function may be used to describe the bosonization of the edge excitations of a droplet of \ensuremath{\nu}=1 quantum-Hall liquid. In particular, I exhibit an isomorphism between the charge-neutral edge-state excitations of the droplet and the space of universal symmetric polynomials. There are two natural bases for this space; the first, the Schur functions, correspond to the fermion picture; the second, generated by the power sums, yields the Bose picture and the Kac-Moody algebra. I also show explicitly how the loop group LU(1) acts to create the coherent-state deformations of the droplet shape used in path-integral bosonization and in the quantization of chiral bosons.
33893527
Edge waves in the quantum Hall effect and quantum dots.
We have studied numerically the spectrum of low-energy excitations for quantum dots containing up to 400 electrons near densities corresponding to the quantum-Hall-effect filling fraction \ensuremath{\nu}=1. The results show that, despite strong Coulomb interaction effects, the edge modes are well described as weakly interacting chiral boson edge waves.
49271770
Problems with Finite Density Simulations of Lattice QCD
We present a discussion of problems that have arisen in attempts to understand the behavior of lattice QCD at high densities. The effects observed in the lattice simulations do not seem to be consistent with what we expect from the usual ideas of chiral symmetry breaking. In particular, at zero quark mass, there does not seem to be a massive baryon at finite density.
121710395
Deconfinement and chiral symmetry restoration at finite temperatures in SU(2) and SU(3) gauge theories
At zero temperature SU(2) and SU(3) gauge theories confine quarks and spontaneously break chiral symmetry. At some non-zero temperatures T/sub c/(T/sub F/) these gauge theories lose confinement (chiral-symmetry breaking). We have studied the order of these phase transitions and the relation between T/sub c/ and T/sub F/ using simulation methods which neglect internal fermion loops. For SU(2) both transitions are second order and 1 less than or equal to T/sub F//T/sub c/ < 1.30. For SU(3) the transitions are first order and we find 1 less than or equal to T/sub F//T/sub c/ less than or equal to 1.05, with T/sub c/ approx. = 200 MeV.
8364889
Determination of the cross sections for the production of fragments from relativistic nucleus-nucleus interactions. II. Parametric fits.
1906801
Improved upper limit on flavor-changing neutral-current decays of the b quark.
We report the results of a new search for flavor-changing neutral-current decays of the b quark and present a 90%-confidence-level upper limit for the branching fraction for B..-->..l/sup +/l/sup -/X of 1.2 x 10/sup -3/.
32440270
Exclusive decays and masses of the B mesons.
44832895
Charge, mass, and energy changes during fragmentation of relativistic nuclei.
We have examined the fragmentation of relativistic lanthanum and gold nuclei incident on targets of polyethylene, carbon, aluminum, and copper. Attention has been concentrated on those fragments whose atomic numbers were only changed by +1 to -3 from those of the incident nuclei. The cross section for the production of fragments with increased charge is about 10% that for fragments that have lost one charge, or about 1% of the total interaction cross section. We find that the velocity distributions of these fragments can be explained by assuming that they also lose significant numbers of neutrons when they pick up or lose charge, without a need to invoke any energy or momentum loss in the interaction, although we cannot exclude small losses. In particular, we cannot confirm the recent report of large energy losses during the charge pickup process. The relative numbers of neutrons lost can be represented by a simple Gaussian model, and, for those fragments with decreased charge, are much larger than the proton losses. These fragments consequently have large proton excesses and will be highly unstable.
16449251
Meson decay constants from isospin mass splittings in the quark model.
Decay constants of [ital D] and [ital B] mesons are estimated within the framework of a heavy-quark approach using measured isospin mass splittings in the [ital D], [ital D][sup *], [ital B], and [ital B][sup *] states to isolate the electromagnetic hyperfine interaction between quarks. A relation following from the use of splittings in kaons is also considered.