9329709
Unifying logic, topology and learning in Parametric logic
Many connections have been established between learning and logic, or learning and topology, or logic and topology. Still, the connections are not at the heart of these fields. Each of them is fairly independent of the others when attention is restricted to basic notions and main results. We show that connections can actually be made at a fundamental level, and result in a logic with parameters that needs topological notions for its early developments, and notions from learning theory for interpretation and applicability.One of the key properties of first-order logic is that the classical notion of logical consequence is compact. We generalize the notion of logical consequence, and we generalize compactness to β-weak compactness where β is an ordinal. The effect is to stratify the set of generalized logical consequences of a theory into levels, and levels into layers. Deduction corresponds to the lower layer of the first level above the underlying theory, learning with less than β mind changes to layer β of the first level, and learning in the limit to the first layer of the second level. Refinements of Borel-like hierarchies provide the topological tools needed to develop the framework.
638940
On the data consumption benefits of accepting increased uncertainty
In the context of learning paradigms of identification in the limit, we address the question: why is uncertainty sometimes desirable? We use mind change bounds on the output hypotheses as a measure of uncertainty, and interpret 'desirable' as reduction in data memorization, also defined in terms of mind change bounds. The resulting model is closely related to iterative learning with bounded mind change complexity, but the dual use of mind change bounds - for hypotheses and for data - is a key distinctive feature of our approach. We show that situations exists where the more mind changes the learner is willing to accept, the lesser the amount of data it needs to remember in order to converge to the correct hypothesis. We also investigate relationships between our model and learning from good examples, set-driven, monotonic and strong-monotonic learners, as well as class-comprising versus class-preserving learnability.
38643151
Learning from Each Other
Since its inception, the field of machine learning has seen the advent of several learning paradigms, designed to frame the issues central to the learning activity, provide effective learning methods, and investigate the power and limitations inherent to the process of successful learning. In this article, we propose a formalization that underlies the key concepts of many such paradigms and discuss their relevance to scientific discovery, with the aim of assessing what scientists can expect from machines designed to assist them in their quest for the discovery of valid laws. We illustrate the formalization on several variations of a card game, and highlight the differences that paradigms impose on learners, as well as the assumptions they make on the nature of the learning process. We then use the formalization to describe a multi-agent interaction protocol, that has been inspired by these paradigms and that has been validated recently on some groups of agents. Finally, we propose extensions to this protocol.
37212285
Quantification over names and modalities
39139980
On Sufficient Conditions for Learnability of Logic Programs from Positive Data
Shinohara, Arimura, and Krishna Rao have shown learnability in the limit of minimal models of classes of logic programs from positive only data. In most cases, these results involve logic programs in which the "size" of the head yields a bound on the size of the body literals. However, when local variables are present, such a bound on body literal size cannot directly be ensured. The above authors achieve such a restriction using technical notions like mode and linear inequalities. The present paper develops a conceptually clean framework where the behavior of local variables is controlled by nonlocal ones. It is shown that for certain classes of logic programs, learnablity from positive data is equivalent to limiting identification of bounds for the number of clauses and the number of local variables. This reduces the learning problem finding two integers. This cleaner framework generalizes all the known results and establishes learnability of new classes.
2402100
Input-Dependence in Function-Learning
In the standard literature on inductive inference, a learner sees as input the course of values of the function to be learned. In the present work, it is investigated how reasonable this choice is and how sensitive the model is with respect to variations like the overgraph or undergraph of the function. Several implications and separations are shown and for the basic notions, a complete picture is obtained. Furthermore, relations to oracles, additional information and teams are explored.
58561
Design Space Exploration of DSP Applications Based on Behavioral Description Models
Exploring different communication architectures and timing behaviors is a key step in modern system design flows. This paper describes a behavioral description model (BDM) that allows design space exploration of DSP applications at different abstraction levels. The proposed approach consists in embedding a sequential function into a BDM object that includes a set of I/O and control processes. Communication architectures and timing behaviors (I/O scheduling, I/O parallelism...) can be varied and easily explored by adding I/O and control code into the dedicated concurrent processes while keeping the functionality description unchanged throughout the refinement steps. Although the proposed approach leads to slower simulations when compared to a rewrite of the specification for the desired I/O scheme, it allows much faster exploration because models do not have to be rewritten for every I/O scheme to be explored
1889407
Sensitivity Analysis and Other Improvements to Tailored Combinatorial Library Design
"Tailoring" combinatorial libraries was developed several years ago as a very general and intuitive method to design diverse compound collections while controlling the profile of other pharmaceutically relevant properties. The candidate substituents were assigned to "categorical bins" according to their properties, and successive steps of D-optimal design were performed to generate diverse substituent sets consistent with required membership quotas from each bin. This serial algorithm was expedient to implement from existing D-optimal design codes, but was order-dependent and did not generally locate the very best possible design. A new "parallel" Fedorov search algorithm has now been implemented that can find the most diverse property-tailored design. An ambiguous mass penalty has been added, whereby most duplicate masses can be eliminated with little loss of library diversity. Sensitivity analysis has also been added to quantitatively explore the diversity trade-offs due to increasing or decreasing each specific kind of bias.
15437667
A multi-level design flow for incorporating IP cores: case study of 1D wavelet IP integration
The design of high performance multimedia systems in a short time force us to use IP blocks in many designs. However, their correct integration in a design implies more complex verification problems. In this paper, we present a C++/SystemC based simulation flow at multiple levels of abstraction. Our approach is to use SystemC to describe both the application and a set of algorithmic IP cores to be incorporated throughout the design flow. Our methodology supports design refinement through four main abstraction levels, offers verification techniques at each level and allows the use of EDA co-verification tools. The use of C++/SystemC to model all parts of the system provides great flexibility and enables faster simulation compared to existing methodologies. An illustrative case study for wavelet based compression system design shows that our methodology supports efficient algorithmic specification, where IP models can be easily incorporated, modified and simulated in order to quickly evaluate alternative system implementation.
28948159
Autonomous capture of a tumbling satellite
In this paper, we describe a framework for the autonomous capture and servicing of satellites. The work is based on laboratory experiments that illustrate the autonomy and remote-operation aspects. The satellite-capture problem is representative of most on-orbit robotic manipulation tasks where the environment is known and structured, but it is dynamic since the satellite to be captured is in free flight. Bandwidth limitations and communication dropouts dominate the quality of the communication link. The satellite-servicing scenario is implemented on a robotic test-bed in laboratory settings. The communication aspects were validated in transatlantic tests. © 2007 Canadian Space Agency
34309839
Design of a flexible 2-D discrete wavelet transform IP core for JPEG2000 image coding in embedded imaging systems
The increasingly demanding requirements of multimedia applications have led to the definition of complex image and video coding standards such as JPEG2000 and MPEG4. Implementation of image or video encoders or decoders on mobile device requires high integration densities together with ability for "real-time" (on-the-fly) data processing. Today, the electronic system design community is mainly concerned with defining efficient System-on-a-Chip (SoC) design methodologies in order to benefit from the high integration capabilities of current application-specific integrated circuit and field-programmable gate array technologies on the one hand, and manage the increasing algorithmic complexity of applications on the other hand. Intellectual property (IP) reuse is considered as the key to speed up the system design and verification flow and make it more reliable.In this context, we have introduced a novel methodology for VLSI implementation of computation-intensive algorithms targeting digital signal processing applications. Our methodology combines IP reuse and high-level synthesis (HLS) and introduces the notion of "Behavioral IP". This approach aims at leveraging IP re-usability through functional and architectural flexibility based on: (1) modeling a component's behavior at a high abstraction level and (2) benefiting from HLS tools for architectural exploration and hardware generation.In this paper, we illustrate our methodology in the case of a 2-D discrete wavelet transform IP core for JPEG2000 image compression. We describe the successive views of the component throughout the design flow, from the application level down to the architectural level. We also provide synthesis results showing the variety of dedicated architectures that can be generated depending on user-defined functional-level, system-level and architectural-level requirements. We compare the performance and re-usability of the set of obtained architectures versus hand-crafted RTL specifications.