119318002
Quantization of integrable systems and a 2d/4d duality
We present a new duality between the F-terms of supersymmetric field theories defined in two-and four-dimensions respectively. The duality relates $ \mathcal{N} = 2 $ super-symmetric gauge theories in four dimensions, deformed by an Ω-background in one plane, to $ \mathcal{N} = \left( {2,2} \right) $ gauged linear σ-models in two dimensions. On the four dimensional side, our main example is $ \mathcal{N} = 2 $ SQCD with gauge group G = SU(L) and NF = 2 L fundamental flavours. Using ideas of Nekrasov and Shatashvili, we argue that the Coulomb branch of this theory provides a quantization of the classical Heisenberg SL(2) spin chain. Agreement with the standard quantization via the Algebraic Bethe Ansatz implies the existence of an isomorphism between the chiral ring of the 4 d theory and that of a certain two-dimensional theory. The latter can be understood as the worldvolume theory on a surface operator/vortex string probing the Higgs branch of the same 4 d theory. We check the proposed duality by explicit calculation at low orders in the instanton expansion. One striking consequence is that the Seiberg-Witten solution of the 4 d theory is captured by a one-loop computation in two dimensions. The duality also has interesting connections with the AGT conjecture, matrix models and topological string theory where it corresponds to a refined version of the geometric transition.
17654907
= 5, 6 superconformal Chern-Simons theories and M2-branes on orbifolds
We explore further our recent generalization of the = 4 superconformal Chern-Simons theories of Gaiotto and Witten. We find and construct explicitly theories of enhanced = 5 or 6 supersymmetry, especially = 5, Sp(2M) ? O(N) and = 6, Sp(2M) ? O(2) theories. The U(M) ? U(N) theory coincides with the = 6 theory of Aharony, Bergman, Jafferis and Maldacena (ABJM). We argue that the = 5 theory with Sp(2N) ? O(2N) gauge group can be understood as an orientifolding of the ABJM model with U(2N) ? U(2N) gauge group. We briefly discuss the Type IIB brane construction of the = 5 theory and the geometry of the M-theory orbifold.
10623913
= 4 Superconformal Chern-Simons theories with hyper and twisted hyper multiplets
We extend the = 4 superconformal Chern-Simons theories of Gaiotto and Witten to those with additional twisted hyper-multiplets. The new theories are generically linear quiver gauge theories with the two types of hyper-multiplets alternating between gauge groups. Our construction includes the Bagger-Lambert model of SO(4) gauge group. A family of abelian theories are identified with those proposed earlier in the context of the M-crystal model for M2-branes probing (2/n)2 orbifolds. Possible extension with non-abelian BF couplings and string/M-theory realization are briefly discussed.
18855518
Abelian Gauge Theory on M2-brane and Toric Duality
We write down the abelian gauge theory on a single M2-brane probing toric Calabi-Yau four-fold singularity, based on the recently proposed M-theory crystal model of AdS4/CFT3 dual pairs. The charges of the matter fields are given by the intersection numbers between loops and faces in the crystal. The moduli space of vacua of the gauge theory coincides precisely with the Calabi-Yau singularity. Toric duality, partial resolution, and a possibility of new RG flows are also discussed.
11851576
A Nonperturbative Test of M2-Brane Theory
We discuss non-perturbative effects in the ABJM model due to monopole instantons. We begin by constructing the instanton solutions in the U(2) × U(2) model, explicitly, and computing the Euclidean action. The Wick-rotated Lagrangian is complex and its BPS monopole instantons are found to be a delicate version of the usual 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole solutions. They are generically 1/3 BPS but become 1/2 BPS at special locus in the moduli space of two M2-branes, yet each instanton carries eight fermionic zero modes, regardless of the vacuum choice. The low energy effective action induced by monopole instantons are quartic order in derivatives. The resulting vertices are nonperturbative in 1/k, as expected, but are rational functions of the vacuum moduli. We also analyze the system of two M2-branes in the supergravity framework and compute the higher order interactions via 11-dimensional supergraviton exchange. The comparison of the two shows that the instanton vertices are precisely reproduced by this M2-brane picture, supporting the proposal that the ABJM model describes multiple M2-branes.
12803114
Nonrelativistic superconformal M2-brane theory
We investigate the low energy physics of particles in the symmetric phase of the = 6 mass-deformed ABJM theory in terms of the superconformal nonrelativistic field theory with 14 supercharges. They describe a certain kind of excitations on M2 branes in the background of external four-form flux. We study the nonrelativistic superconformal algebra and their representations by using the operator-state correspondence with the related harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian. We find the unitarity bounds on the scaling dimension and particle number of any local operator, and comment on subtleties in computing the superconformal Witten index that counts the chiral operators.
119254533
Holographic Matter: Deconfined String at Criticality
We derive a holographic dual for a gauged matrix model in general dimensions from a first-principle construction. The dual theory is shown to be a field theory of closed loops which includes a compact two-form gauge field coupled with closed loops in one higher-dimensional space. Small fluctuations of the loop fields around a saddle point are identified as propagating strings. Possible phases of the matrix model are discussed in the holographic description. Besides the confinement phase and the IR free deconfinement phase, there can be two different classes of critical states. The first class describes holographic critical states where strings are deconfined in the bulk. The second class describes non-holographic critical states where strings are confined due to proliferation of topological defects for the two-form gauge field. This implies that the critical states of the matrix model which admit holographic descriptions with deconfined string in the bulk form novel universality classes with non-trivial quantum orders which make the holographic critical states qualitatively distinct from the non-holographic critical states. The signatures of the non-trivial quantum orders in the holographic states are discussed. Finally, we discuss a possibility that open strings emerge as fractionalized excitations of closed strings along with an emergent one-form gauge field in the bulk.
5353618
Dark matter growth and baryon bias in an accelerating universe
We investigate the exact analytic solutions for the growths of the dark matter and the baryon in sub-horizon scale. The growth of the dark matter $\delta_{\DM}$ is related to that of the halos. Thus, the exact solution for the growth of the dark matter is important to obtain the proper properties of dark matter halos. However, the dark energy model dependence of $\delta_{\DM}$ is confused with the $\delta_{\DM}$ dependence on $\Omega_{m}^{0}$. Thus, the careful investigation is necessary for the $\delta_{\DM}$ dependence on dark energy models. We also obtain the exact solution of the growth of the baryon $\delta_{\B}$ which can be used to obtain the baryon bias factor $b(a)$. This might be able to be observed in intracluster gas or in Lyman-$\alpha$ clouds. However, $b(a)$ is quite model independent. Recently, we obtained the exact analytic solution for the growing mode solution of the matter linear density perturbation $\delta$ on sub-horizon scale for general dark energy model \cite{SK}. This solution is not same as the well known approximate analytic solution \cite{Waga}. The exact analytic solution shows the same evolution behavior of the growth factor obtained numerically. However, the exact solution is simple and useful for the extension to other models including modified gravity theories. Furthermore, it guides to the fact that the growth index parameter depends on both models $\omega_{\de}$ and $\Omega_{m}^{0}$ and thus we need to be careful for applying the fitting formulae to the general models \cite{WS}. The exact analytic solutions for the growth factor will provide the more accurate tools for the weak lensing, the number density of clusters, their mass and etc.
120908048
Comment on “Quasiperiodic spin-orbit motion and spin tunes in storage rings”
12450781
Topological Chern-Simons sigma model
We consider topological twisting of recently constructed Chern-Simons-matter theories in three dimensions with = 4 or higher supersymmetry. We enumerate physically inequivalent twistings for each , and find two different twistings for = 4, one for = 5,6, and four for = 8. We construct the two types of = 4 topological theories, which we call A/B-models, in full detail. The A-model has been recently studied by Kapustin and Saulina. The B-model is new and it consists solely of a Chern-Simons term of a complex gauge field up to BRST-exact terms. We also compare the new theories with topological Yang-Mills theories and find some interesting connections. In particular, the A-model seems to offer a new perspective on Casson invariant and its relation to Rozansky-Witten theory.
55576908
CIS, a low energy injector for the IUCF cooler
Construction has begun on a low energy booster synchrotron to replace the IUCF isochronous cyclotrons for the injection of polarized light ions into the existing 3.6 T-m electron-cooled storage ring (cooler). CIS (cooler injector synchrotron), with a circumference of 1/5th the cooler ring, will provide /spl ges/2.5/spl middot/10/sup 10/ polarized protons (deuterons) per pulse at 1 Hz for cooler injection. Bucket-to-bucket beam transfer from CIS to the cooler operating on the 5th harmonic will fill the cooler with 10/sup 11/ protons in 5 sec. The higher intensity and improved duty cycle will enhance the range and quality of experimental nuclear physics research programs using cooler beams.