119216214
Pair production of Higgs bosons associated with Z boson in the left–right twin Higgs model at the ILC
Abstract The left–right twin Higgs (LRTH) model predicts the existence of three additional Higgs bosons: one neutral Higgs ϕ 0 and a pair of charged Higgs bosons ϕ ± . In this paper, we studied the production of a pair of charged and neutral Higgs bosons associated with standard model gauge boson Z at the ILC, i.e., e + e − → Z ϕ + ϕ − and e + e − → Z ϕ 0 ϕ 0 . We calculate the production rate and present the distributions of the various observables, such as, the distributions of the energy and the transverse momenta of final Z-boson and charged Higgs boson ϕ − , the differential cross section of the invariant mass of charged Higgs bosons pair, the distribution of the angle between charged Higgs bosons pair and the production angle distributions of Z-boson and charged Higgs boson ϕ − . Our numerical results show that, for the process e + e − → Z ϕ + ϕ − , the production rates are at the level of 10 − 1 fb with reasonable parameter values. For the process of e + e − → Z ϕ 0 ϕ 0 , we find that the production cross section are smaller than 6 × 10 − 3 fb in most of parameter space. However, the resonance production cross section can be significantly enhanced.
118036569
Detecting Toppion via a Flavor-Changing Single Top QuarkProduction Process*
In the framework of topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) theory, we study a flavor changing single top quarkproduction process pp(pp) →Ⅱ0t → tc(tc) at upgraded Tevatron and LHC. The results show that with the flavor changingcoupling of neutral toppion to top and charm quark, toppion provides a large te-channel resonance effect. The signal ofsingle top production could be detected at LHC. Otherwise, the narrow peak in the invariant mass distribution could beclearly detected both at upgraded Tevatron and LHC. Therefore, such single top production process provides a uniqueway to test TC2 model via the detection of tc-channel neutral toppion contribution.
14268595
Phase transition of finite size quark droplets with isospin chemical potential in the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model
Making use of the Nambu\char21{}Jona-Lasinio model and the multiple reflection expansion approximation, we study the phase transition of the finite size droplet with $u$ and $d$ quarks. We find that the dynamical masses of $u$, $d$ quarks are different, and the chiral symmetry can be restored at different critical radii for $u$, $d$ quarks. It provides a clue to understanding the effective nucleon mass splitting in nuclear matter. Meanwhile, it shows that the maximal isospin chemical potential at zero temperature is much smaller than the mass of pion in free space.
122968394
Multiscale technicolor and top quark decay
119099946
The Flavor-changing bottom and anti-strange quark production in the littlest Higgs model with T parity at the ILC
In the littlest Higgs model with T-parity (LHT) the mirror quarks induce the special flavor structures and some new flavor-changing (FC) couplings which could greatly enhance the production rates of the FC processes. We in this paper study some bottom and anti-strange production processes in the LHT model at the International Linear Collider (ILC), i.e., $e^+e^-\to b\bar{s}$ and $\gamma\gamma\to b\bar{s}$. The results show that the production rates of these processes are sizeable for the favorable values of the parameters. Therefore, it is quite possible to test the LHT model or make some constrains on the relevant parameters of the LHT through the detection of these processes at the ILC.
43093269
Rare decays of the top quark in the one generation technicolor model.
The decays [ital t][r arrow][ital cV] ([ital V]=[gamma],[ital g],[ital Z]) and [ital t][r arrow][ital cP][sup 0] induced through loop processes are calculated in the Farhi-Susskind one family technicolor (TC) model. We find that these new contributions can enhance the SM branching fractions by as much as 3--4 orders of magnitude, i.e., [ital B]([ital t][r arrow][ital cg])[similar to]10[sup [minus]6], [ital B]([ital t][r arrow][ital cZ])[similar to]10[sup [minus]7], [ital B]([ital t][r arrow][ital c][gamma])[similar to]10[sup [minus]8], and [ital B]([ital t][r arrow][ital cP][sup 0])[similar to]10[sup [minus]9], for the favorable values of the parameters. It might provide a unique window to detect the virtual effects of pseudo Goldstone bosons in TC theory.
59467555
Nearby supernova rates from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search – II. The observed luminosity functions and fractions of supernovae in a complete sample
This is the second paper of a series in which we present new measurements of the observed rates of supernovae (SNe) in the local Universe, determined from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS). In this paper, a complete SN sample is constructed, and the observed (uncorrected for host-galaxy extinction) luminosity functions (LFs) of SNe are derived. These LFs solve two issues that have plagued previous rate calculations for nearby SNe: the luminosity distribution of SNe and the host-galaxy extinction. We select a volume-limited sample of 175 SNe, collect photometry for every object, and fit a family of light curves to constrain the peak magnitudes and light-curve shapes. The volume-limited LFs show that they are not well represented by a Gaussian distribution. There are notable differences in the LFs for galaxies of different Hubble types (especially for SNe Ia). We derive the observed fractions for the different subclasses in a complete SN sample, and find significant fractions of SNe II-L (10%), IIb (12%), and IIn (9%) in the SN II sample. Furthermore, we derive the LFs and the observed fractions of different SN subclasses in a magnitudelimited survey with different observation intervals, and find that the LFs are enhanced at the high-luminosity end and appear more “standard” with smaller scatter, and that the LFs and fractions of SNe do not change significantly when the observation interval is shorter than 10 d. We also discuss the LFs in different galaxy sizes and inclinations, and for different SN subclasses. Some notable results are that there is not a strong correlation between the SN LFs and the host-galaxy size, but there might be a preference for SNe IIn to occur in small, late-type spiral galaxies. The LFs in different inclination bins do not provide strong evidence for extreme extinction in highly inclined galaxies, though the sample is still small. The LFs of different SN subclasses show significant differences. We also find that SNe Ibc and IIb come from more luminous galaxies than SNe II-P, while SNe IIn come from less luminous galaxies, suggesting a possible metallicity effect. The limitations and applications of our LFs are also discussed.
119109186
Parton energy loss and modified beam quark distribution functions in Drell–Yan process in p+A collisions
Abstract Within the framework of generalized collinear factorization in perturbative QCD (pQCD), we study the effect of initial multiple parton scattering and induced parton energy loss in Drell–Yan (DY) process in proton–nucleus collisions. We express the contribution from multiple parton scattering and induced gluon radiation to the DY dilepton spectra in terms of nuclear modified effective beam quark distribution functions. The modification depends on the quark transport parameter in nuclear medium. This is similar to the final-state multiple parton scattering in deeply inelastic scattering (DIS) off large nuclei and leads to the suppression of the Drell–Yan cross section in p + A relative to p + p collisions. With the value of quark transport parameter determined from the nuclear modification of single-inclusive DIS hadron spectra as measured by the HERMES experiment, we calculate DY spectra in p + A collisions and find the nuclear suppression due to beam parton energy loss negligible at the Fermilab energy E lab = 800 GeV in the kinematic region as covered by the E866 experiment. Most of the observed nuclear suppression of DY spectra in E866 experiment can be described well by parton shadowing in target nuclei as given by the EPS08 parameterization. The effect of beam parton energy loss, however, becomes significant for DY lepton pairs with large beam parton momentum fraction x ′ or small target parton momentum fraction x . We also predict the DY cross section in p + A collisions at lower beam proton energy E lab = 120 GeV and show significant suppression due to initial state parton energy loss at moderately large x ′ where the effect of parton shadowing is very small.
59418544
Discovering extra Higgs boson via pair production of the SM-like Higgs bosons
In the standard model (SM), pair production rate of Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is quite low. One usually think that it is extremely important for the measurement of triple Higgs coupling at the high luminosity LHC. In this paper, we propose to search for the extra Higgs boson (denoted as $S$) utilizing pair production of the SM-like Higgs boson ($H$) which was discovered in July, 2012.The pair production of $H$ can be huge due to the resonant production of heavy scalar $S$, namely $PP \rightarrow S \rightarrow HH$. The couplings of $H$ with weak gauge boson are similar to ones in the SM and it implies that the couplings between $S$ and gauge bosons are likely suppressed. Provided that $S$ is heavy enough, the decay into weak gauge bosons may not be the dominant modes. Instead $S$ can decay into a pair of $H$ and offer the promising channel to discover it. In this paper, we studied the 5 promising decay modes of $H$, i.e. $b\bar{b}$, $WW^*$, $ZZ^*$, $\gamma\gamma$ and $\tau^+\tau^-$, and simulated the signals and backgrounds for the 15 combination modes for $HH$ at the LHC with $\sqrt{s}= 14$ TeV and integrated luminosity $\mathcal{L}=1000fb^{-1}$. We found that with the help of suitable selection rules, very good signal to background ratio $S/B$ can be archived in many decay channels, for example $b\bar b+ (WW^*, ZZ^*, \gamma\gamma, \tau^+\tau^-)$, $WW^*+(WW^*, ZZ^*, \gamma\gamma, \tau^+\tau^-)$ and $\tau^+\tau^- +(\gamma\gamma, \tau^+\tau^-)$. For the detailed results please refer to Table \ref{tab:discovery} in the text. On the contrary, $b\bar b b\bar b$ mode is less important due to the huge QCD background. However if one has excellent control on light jet mis-tagging, the $b\bar b b\bar b$ mode can be promising to discover the extra Higgs boson due to its the largest branching ratio compared to other modes.
15877154
Tomography of high-energy nuclear collisions with photon-hadron correlations.
Within the next-to-leading order (NLO) perturbative QCD (PQCD) parton model, suppression of away-side hadron spectra associated with a high pT photon due to parton energy loss is studied in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. Because of the sharp falloff of the gamma-jet spectrum in momentum imbalance pTjet-pTgamma>0 in NLO PQCD, hadron spectra at large zT=pTh/pTgamma greater than approximately 1 are more susceptible to parton energy loss and therefore are dominated by surface emission of gamma-associated jets with almost no energy loss, whereas small zT hadrons mainly come from the volume emission of jets with reduced energy. These lead to different centrality dependence of the gamma-hadron suppression for different values of zT. Therefore, a complete measurement of the suppression of gamma-triggered hadron spectra allows a true tomographic study of the quark-gluon plasma in high-energy heavy-ion collisions.
119209391
Four jets as a probe of O(100 GeV) physics beyond standard model at hadron colliders
O(100 GeV) physics beyond the standard model (BSM) could be overlooked provided that it is hidden in the untouched Higgs sector or jets. The top quark forward-backward asymmetry measurements and di-jet bump, which is observed in the associated production with charged lepton plus missing energy (supposed arising from W decay), may indicate the existence of a new color-octet axial-vector Z_C with a mass about 145 GeV. Here Z_C only decays into two jets. In this paper we investigated the possibility to discover Z_C pair via analyzing the four jets as the final states, which are heavily polluted by huge QCD background. Our simulation showed that, however, both Tevatron and LHC have the excellent chance to discover Z_C through analyzing the four jets events in the current accumulated data.