18903410
Generalized Painlevé–Gullstrand descriptions of Kerr–Newman black holes
Generalized Painlevé–Gullstrand metrics are explicitly constructed for the Kerr–Newman family of charged rotating black holes. These descriptions are free of all coordinate singularities; moreover, unlike the Doran and other proposed metrics, an extra tunable function is introduced to ensure all variables in the metrics remain real for all values of the mass $$M$$, charge $$Q$$, angular momentum $$aM$$, and cosmological constant $${\Lambda } > -\frac{3}{a^2}$$. To describe fermions in Kerr–Newman spacetimes, the stronger requirement of non-singular vierbein one-forms at the horizon(s) is imposed and coordinate singularities are eliminated by local Lorentz boosts. Other known vierbein fields of Kerr–Newman black holes are analysed and discussed; and it is revealed that some of these descriptions are actually not related by physical Lorentz transformations to the original Kerr–Newman expression in Boyer–Lindquist coordinates—which is the reason complex components appear (for certain ranges of the radial coordinate) in these metrics. As an application of our constructions the correct effective Hawking temperature for Kerr black holes is derived with the method of Parikh and Wilczek.
118839595
WIGNER ROTATIONS, BELL STATES, AND LORENTZ INVARIANCE OF ENTANGLEMENT AND VON NEUMANN ENTROPY
We compute, for massive particles, the explicit Wigner rotations of one-particle states for arbitrary Lorentz transformations; and the explicit Hermitian generators of the infinite-dimensional unitary representation. For a pair of spin 1/2 particles, Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen–ell entangled states and their behaviour under the Lorentz group are analyzed in the context of quantum field theory. Group theoretical considerations suggest a convenient definition of the Bell states which is slightly different from the conventional assignment. The behaviour of Bell states under arbitrary Lorentz transformations can then be described succinctly. Reduced density matrices applicable to systems of identical particles are defined through Yang's prescription. The von Neumann entropy of each of the reduced density matrix is Lorentz invariant; and its relevance as a measure of entanglement is discussed, and illustrated with an explicit example. A regularization of the entropy in terms of generalized zeta functions is also suggested.
122607999
From binary black hole simulation to triple black hole simulation
Black hole systems are among the most promising sources for a gravitational wave detection project. Now, China is planning to construct a space-based laser interferometric detector as a follow-on mission of LISA in the near future. Aiming to provide some theoretical support to this detection project on the numerical relativity side, we focus on black hole systems simulation in this work. Considering the globular galaxy, multiple black hole systems also likely to exist in our universe and play a role as a source for the gravitational wave detector we are considering. We will give a progress report in this paper on our black hole system simulation. More specifically, we will present triple black hole simulation together with binary black hole simulation. On triple black hole simulations, one novel perturbational method is proposed.
119294263
Modifications for numerical stability of black hole evolution
We experiment with several new modifications for the Baumgarte-Shapiro-Shibata-Nakamura (BSSN) formulation of the Einstein field equations and demonstrate how these modifications affect the stability of numerical black hole evolution calculations. With these modifications, we evolve both single non-rotating excised Kerr-Schild black holes and punctured binary black holes, and obtain accurate and stable simulations.
118395582
Generalized Painleve-Gullstrand metrics
Abstract An obstruction to the implementation of spatially flat Painleve–Gullstrand (PG) slicings is demonstrated, and explicitly discussed for Reissner–Nordstrom and Schwarzschild–anti-deSitter spacetimes. Generalizations of PG slicings which are not spatially flat but which remain regular at the horizons are introduced. These metrics can be obtained from standard spherically symmetric metrics by physical Lorentz boosts. With these generalized PG metrics, problematic contributions to the imaginary part of the action in the Parikh–Wilczek derivation of Hawking radiation due to the obstruction can be avoided.
118796950
Studies on 1/4 BPS and 1/8 BPS geometries
We analyze more explicitly four sectors of 1/4 BPS geometries and 1/8 BPS geometries, corresponding to BPS states in N=4 SYM, constructed previously. These include the states with several SO(6) angular momenta as well as those with SO(4) AdS spins. We also discuss their relations to the dual gauge theory.
119108453
Effects of spacetime anisotropy on the galaxy rotation curves
The observations on galaxy rotation curves show significant discrepancies from the Newtonian theory. This issue could be explained by the effect of the anisotropy of the spacetime. Conversely, the spacetime anisotropy could also be constrained by the galaxy rotation curves. Finsler geometry is a kind of intrinsically anisotropic geometry. In this paper, we study the effect of the spacetime anisotropy at galactic scales in the Finsler spacetime. It is found that the Finslerian model has close relations with the Milgrom’s MOND. By performing the best-fit procedure to the galaxy rotation curves, we find that the anisotropic effects of the spacetime become significant when the Newtonian acceleration GM/r2 is smaller than the critical acceleration a0. Interestingly, the critical acceleration a0, although varies between different galaxies, is in the order of magnitude $cH_{0}/2\pi\sim10^{-10}~\mathrm{m\,s}^{-2}$.
119224646
Giant gravitons and correlators
A bstractWe calculate non-extremal correlators of Schur polynomials and single trace operators. We analyse their dual descriptions from the approach of the variation of DBI and WZ actions of the giant gravitons. We show a regularization procedure under which the extremal correlators of Schur polynomials and single trace operators match exactly with string theory computation. Other aspects of the extremal and non-extremal correlators are also discussed.
119255191
A unified constraint on the Lorentz invariance violation from both short and long GRBs
Possible Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) has been investigated for a long time based on observations of GRBs. These arguments relied on the assumption that photons with different energy are emitted at the same place and time. In this work, we try to take account of the intrinsic time delay Delta t(int) between emissions of low and high energy photons by using the magnetic jet model. The possible LIV effects are discussed in a unified scenario both for long and short Fermi-detected GRBs. This leads to a unique quantum gravity energy scale M(1)c(2) similar to 1.0 x 10(20) GeV respecting the linear dispersion relation. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
206531826
Topological Phase Transition and Texture Inversion in a Tunable Topological Insulator
Two types of bulk insulator are realized in the same family of compounds through chemical doping. The recently discovered three-dimensional or bulk topological insulators are expected to exhibit exotic quantum phenomena. It is believed that a trivial insulator can be twisted into a topological state by modulating the spin-orbit interaction or the crystal lattice, driving the system through a topological quantum phase transition. By directly measuring the topological quantum numbers and invariants, we report the observation of a phase transition in a tunable spin-orbit system, BiTl(S1–δSeδ)2, in which the topological state formation is visualized. In the topological state, vortex-like polarization states are observed to exhibit three-dimensional vectorial textures, which collectively feature a chirality transition as the spin momentum–locked electrons on the surface go through the zero carrier density point. Such phase transition and texture inversion can be the physical basis for observing fractional charge (±e/2) and other fractional topological phenomena.