32132565
Source-plane Reconstruction of the Giant Gravitational Arc in A2667: A Candidate Wolf-Rayet Galaxy at z ~ 1
We present a new analysis of Hubble Space Telescope, Spitzer Space Telescope, and Very Large Telescope imaging and spectroscopic data of a bright lensed galaxy at z = 1.0334 in the lensing cluster A2667. Using this high-resolution imaging, we present an updated lens model that allows us to fully understand the lensing geometry and reconstruct the lensed galaxy in the source plane. This giant arc gives a unique opportunity to view the structure of a high-redshift disk galaxy. We find that the lensed galaxy of A2667 is a typical spiral galaxy with a morphology similar to the structure of its counterparts at higher redshift, z ~ 2. The surface brightness of the reconstructed source galaxy in the z 850 band reveals the central surface brightness I(0) = 20.28 ± 0.22 mag arcsec–2 and a characteristic radius rs = 2.01 ± 0.16 kpc at redshift z ~ 1. The morphological reconstruction in different bands shows obvious negative radial color gradients for this galaxy. Moreover, the redder central bulge tends to contain a metal-rich stellar population, rather than being heavily reddened by dust due to high and patchy obscuration. We analyze the VIMOS/integral field unit spectroscopic data and find that, in the given wavelength range (~1800-3200 A), the combined arc spectrum of the source galaxy is characterized by a strong continuum emission with strong UV absorption lines (Fe II and Mg II) and shows the features of a typical starburst Wolf-Rayet galaxy, NGC 5253. More specifically, we have measured the equivalent widths of Fe II and Mg II lines in the A2667 spectrum, and obtained similar values for the same wavelength interval of the NGC 5253 spectrum. Marginal evidence for [C III] 1909 emission at the edge of the grism range further confirms our expectation.
119241739
Cosmic equation of state from combined angular diameter distances: Does the tension with luminosity distances exist?
Using a relatively complete observational data concerning four angular diameter distance (ADD) measurements and %synthetic combined SN+GRB observations representing current luminosity distance (LD) data, this paper investigates the %tension between compatibility of these two cosmological distances considering three classes of dark energy equation of state (EoS) reconstruction. In particular, we use strongly gravitationally lensed systems from various large systematic gravitational lens surveys and galaxy clusters, which yield the Hubble constant independent ratio between two angular diameter distances $D_{ls}/D_s$ data. Our results demonstrate that, with more general categories of standard ruler data, ADD and LD data are compatible at $1\sigma$ level. Secondly, we note that consistency between ADD and LD data %are blind is maintained irrespective of the EoS parameterizations: there is a good match between the universally explored CPL model and other formulations of cosmic equation of state. Especially for the truncated GEoS model with $\beta=-2$, the conclusions obtained with ADD and LD are almost the same. Finally, statistical analysis of generalized dark energy equation of state performed on four classes of ADD data provides stringent constraints on the EoS parameters $w_0$, $w_{\beta}$ and $\beta$, which suggest that dark energy was a subdominant component at early times. Moreover, the GEoS parametrization with $\beta\simeq 1$ seems to be a more favorable two-parameter model to characterize the cosmic equation of state, because the combined angular diameter distance data (SGL+CBF+BAO+WMAP9) provide the best-fit value $\beta=0.751^{+0.465}_{-0.480}$.
119280925
General treatment for dark energy thermodynamics
In this work we discuss a general approach for the dark energy thermodynamics considering a varying equation of state parameter of the type $\ensuremath{\omega}(a)={\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0}+F(a)$ and taking into account the role of a nonzero chemical potential $\ensuremath{\mu}$. We derive generalized expressions for the entropy density, chemical potential, and dark energy temperature $T$ and use the positiveness of the entropy to impose thermodynamic bounds on the equation of state parameter $\ensuremath{\omega}(a)$. In particular, we find that a phantomlike behavior $\ensuremath{\omega}(a)l\ensuremath{-}1$ is allowed only when the chemical potential is a negative quantity ($\ensuremath{\mu}l0$).
118606470
Constraints on a phiCDM model from strong gravitational lensing and updated Hubble parameter measurements
We constrain the scalar field dark energy model with an inverse power-law potential, i.e., V()  −α (α > 0), from a set of recent cosmological observations by compiling an updated sample of Hubble parameter measurements including 30 independent data points. Our results show that the constraining power of the updated sample of H(z) data with the HST prior on H0 is stronger than those of the SCP Union2 and Union2.1 compilations. A recent sample of strong gravitational lensing systems is also adopted to confine the model even though the results are not significant. A joint analysis of the strong gravitational lensing data with the more restrictive updated Hubble parameter measurements and the Type Ia supernovae data from SCP Union2 indicates that the recent observations still can not distinguish whether dark energy is a time-independent cosmological constant or a time-varying dynamical component.
119109342
Constraints on the exponential $f(R)$ model from latest Hubble parameter measurements
We investigate the viable exponential $f(R)$ gravity in the metric formalism with $f(R)=-\beta R_s (1-e^{-R/R_s})$. The latest sample of the Hubble parameter measurements with 23 data points is used to place bounds on this $f(R)$ model. A joint analysis is also performed with the luminosity distances of Type Ia supernovae and baryon acoustic oscillations in the clustering of galaxies, and the shift parameters from the cosmic microwave background measurements, which leads to $0.240 1.47$ at 1$\sigma$ confidence level. The evolutions of the deceleration parameter $q(z)$ and the effective equations of state $\omega_{de}^{eff}(z)$ and $\omega_{tot}^{eff}(z)$ are displayed. By taking the best-fit parameters as prior values, we work out the transition redshift (deceleration/acceleration) $z_T$ to be about 0.77. It turns out that the recent observations are still unable to distinguish the background dynamics in the $\Lambda$CDM and exponential $f(R)$ models.
119276084
Strong gravitational lensing of gravitational waves in Einstein Telescope
Gravitational wave experiments have entered a new stage which gets us closer to the opening a new observational window on the Universe. In particular, the Einstein Telescope (ET) is designed to have a fantastic sensitivity that will provide with tens or hundreds of thousand NS-NS inspiral events per year up to the redshift z = 2. Some of such events should be gravitationally lensed by intervening galaxies. We explore the prospects of observing gravitationally lensed inspiral NS-NS events in the Einstein telescope. Being conservative we consider the lens population of elliptical galaxies. It turns out that depending on the local insipral rate ET should detect from one per decade detection in the pessimistic case to a tens of detections per year for the most optimistic case. The detection of gravitationally lensed source in gravitational wave detectors would be an invaluable source of information concerning cosmography, complementary to standard ones (like supernovae or BAO) independent of the local cosmic distance ladder calibrations.
15588368
Geometric Quantization of free fields in space of motions
Via K$\ddot{a}$hker polarization we geometrically quantize free fields in the spaces of motions, namely the space of solutions of equations of motion. We obtain the correct results just as that given by the canonical quantization. Since we follow the method of covariant symplectic current proposed by Crnkovic, Witten and Zuckerman et al, the canonical commutator we obtained are naturally invariant under proper Lorentz transformation and the discrete parity and time transverse transformations, as well as the equations of motion.
14751914
Differential regularization of topologically massive Yang-Mills theory and Chern-Simons theory
We apply a differential renormalization method to the study of three-dimensional topologically massive Yang-Mills and Chern-Simons theories. The method is especially suitable for such theories as it avoids the need for dimensional continuation of a three-dimensional antisymmetric tensor and the Feynman rules for three-dimensional theories in coordinate space are relatively simple. The calculus involved is still lengthy but not as difficult as other existing methods of calculation. We compute one-loop propagators and vertices and derive the one-loop local effective action for topologically massive Yang-Mills theory. We then consider Chern-Simons field theory as the large mass limit of topologically massive Yang-Mills theory and show that this leads to the famous shift in the parameter k. Some useful formulas for the calculus of differential renormalization of three-dimensional field theories are given in an Appendix.
124242538
DISCUSSIONS ON THE GENERAL-SOLUTIONS TO THE WESS-ZUMINO CONDITIONS IN HIGHER DIMENSIONS
The general solutions to the Wess-Zumino(wZ) conditions in higher even dimensions are given. For odd dimensional cases we find no nontrivial solutions.
124810245
Geometric Quantization of Anyon Systems
Geometric quantization of multiparticle systems in 2 dimensions is studied. The interpretation of the global geometry to the phase factors describing the quantum statistics of the systems is presented.
118068874
Topological Defects in 3-d Euclidean Gravity
By making use of the complete decomposition of SO(3) spin connection, the topological defect in 3-dimensional Euclidean gravity is studied in detail. The topological structure of disclination is given as the combination of a monopole structure and a vortex structure. Furthermore, the Kac-Moody algebra generated by the monopole and vortex is discussed in three dimensional Chern-Simons theory.