38815785
Baryon-number fluctuations in a quark-hadron phase transition.
Isothermal baryon-number fluctuations arising from a first-order quark-hadron phase transition in the early Universe are obtained by including the quark-gluon interactions up to the order [ital g][sub [ital s]][sup 3] in the perturbative QCD coupling constant in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) phase and the finite-size volume corrections for the hadrons in the hadron-resonance gas (HRG) and their effects on the primordial nucleosynthesis (PNS) are analyzed. The ratio of the baryon-number densities in the QGP and HRG phases at the critical temperature [ital T][sub [ital c]] is larger than one in the range 150 MeV[lt][ital T][sub [ital c]][lt]260 MeV. However, it is far larger than one even when [ital T][sub [ital c]] is outside this range, thus affecting primordial nucleosynthesis significantly.
120612824
On the Singh-Uddin-Kamal relation in the negative binomial distribution
Abstract The empirical relation between the parameters k and n of the negative binomial distribution (NBD) as proposed by Singh, Uddin and Kamal is shown to emerge from the concept of the stationary branching process. Further consequences of this relation are derived and compared with the experimental data.
120005715
Signals of quark-gluon plasma
Abstract Production and observation of a quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is one of the most ambitious goals of the ultrarelativistic heavy ion experiments being carried out at CERN's super proton synchrotron (SPS) and at Brookhaven's Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS). Future experiments at Brookhaven's Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will give a new dimension to this search. In this review, the physics of QGP is presented with particular emphasis on its promising signatures existing in the literature. We hope that the present survey will lead us to identify some unambiguous signatures of QGP before the advent of RHIC and LHC experiments.
119366615
Anisotropic Bianchi Type-II Cosmological Models in Self-Creation Cosmology
Totally anisotropic Bianchi type-II cosmological solutions are presented in Barber's second self-creation theory of gravitation both in vacuum and in the presence of stiff-matter. The corresponding cosmological models have no finite singularity. The stiff-matter model gives essentially an empty universe for large time. Some physical and kinematical properties of the models are discussed.
115391521
QUARK GLUON PLASMA : CURRENT STATUS OF PROPERTIES AND SIGNALS
120728280
Rescattering effects in three-particle final-state reactions
The phenomenological aspect of single-pion production in ..pi../sup -/p interaction is explored by considering the final-state interactions in a rescattering box-diagram approach. We predict the qualitative and the quantitative features expected from our model in angular and momentum distributions of final pions. The preliminary data available so far appear to support our theoretical predictions.
18313253
Distribution of the color fields around static quarks: Flux tube profiles.
We report detailed calculations of the profiles of energy and action densities in the quark-antiquark string in SU(2) lattice gauge theory. We conclude that at a {ital q}-{ital q}{vert_bar} separation {ital R}{approx_equal}1.0 fm we are beginning to see the asymptotic flux tube. By employing the Michael sum rules we further conclude that the peak energy density approaches a constant in {ital R}. {copyright} {ital 1995 The American Physical Society.}
26795671
Coulomb excitation of cadmium isotopes with protons.
Low-lying positive parity levels of the isotopes in natural cadmium were Coulomb excited with 2.7--4.2 MeV protons. Eight levels of /sup 111/Cd up to 1130.4 keV and four levels of /sup 113/Cd up to 680.5 keV excitation energy, and the first 2/sup +/ states in even-even isotopes (/sup 110,112,114,116/Cd) were excited. A 50 cm/sup 3/ Ge(Li) detector was used to measure the deexcitation gamma-ray yields. The 1130.4 keV level in /sup 111/Cd had not been investigated earlier through Coulomb excitation. Also the 245.4, 700, 754.9, 855.6, and 1020.7 keV levels in /sup 111/Cd, and the 316.1 keV level in /sup 113/Cd were Coulomb excited with protons for the first time. The reduced E2 transition probabilities B(E2), and partial half-lives T/sub 1/2/ (E2), for various levels were determined. The gamma-ray angular distributions were analyzed to deduce the E2/M1 mixing ratios (delta) for various transitions from the levels in /sup 111,113/Cd. The 700, 754.9, 855.6, and 1020.7 keV levels in /sup 111/Cd, and the 680.5 keV level in /sup 113/Cd have been assigned a spin value of (3/2)/sup +/, while the 1130.4 keV level in /sup 111/Cd has been assigned a spin of (5/2)/sup +/. The results have been compared with existingmore » theoretical and experimental data in the literature.« less
42506674
Neutrino magnetic moment effects in neutrino nucleus reactions.
Some low energy neutrino nucleus reactions induced by neutrinos (antineutrinos) having a magnetic moment of the order of 10{sup {minus}9}{minus}10{sup {minus}10} Bohr magneton are studied. It is found that in the case of {sup 4}He, {sup 12}C, and {sup 16}O, the detection of very low energy scalar and isoscalar elastic and inelastic reactions induced by the isoscalar vector currents can provide a better limit on the neutrino magnetic moment.
36246455
The quasiopen string.
The quasiopen string in D dimensions is defined by the Nambu-Goto action and the boundary conditions (x'+x)(σ α ,τ)=V α (x'-x) (σ α ,τ), where σ=σ 1 and σ 2 denote the ends of the string, x'≡∂x/∂σ, and the V α (α=1,2) are real symmetric orthogonal matrices. (The usual open string corresponds to V 1 =V 2 =−1.) We impose Poincare invariance in d dimensions, d α ) jk =−δ jk for j,k ∈ Poincare sector and (V α ) jk =0 if only one of j,k belongs to the Poincare sector. Further quantization gives D=26 and a mass spectrum with a ground-state mass squared M G 2 =−(1−J i ||theta i ||(1-||theTa I ||)/4)/α', where ||theta i ||≤(½), exp(2iπtheta i ) are the eigenvalues of V 2 V 1 , and α' is the slope parameter in the string action. A choice of theta i giving a tachyon-free spectrum is thus possible if d≤10.
28689431
Quantization of Nambu-Goto strings with new boundary conditions.
If a classical Nambu-Goto string in D dimensions is required to have Poincare invariance in d dimensions, d