41503347
Heavy quark symmetries and the decays B--> baryon+antibaryon.
We enumerate the form factors necessary to describe the two-body baryonic decays of B mesons.We use the symmetries of the heavy quark effective theory to arrive at some relations among these form factors, when at least one of the daughter baryons is heavy.
123512923
Sequential fragmentation and rate oscillations in exclusive decays
Abstract We consider the decay of heavy quarkonia into two light mesons, and assume that quark-antiquark pairs are created sequentially when the final state is formed. We find quantum oscillations in the decay rate as a function of total energy. These oscillations can explain the energy dependence observed in the πϱ and K ∗ K channels at the J ψ and ψ ′ and predict the behaviour at the heavier Ψ family. In the mechanism we discuss, a given final state is produced only in a narrow range of the possible distances between the initial light quark and light antiquark.
117025439
On the Monopole Model of Form Factors for Heavy Meson Decays
A pole model for the form factors describing heavy to light meson transitions is constructed, and the results compared with the predictions of the heavy quark effective theory (HQET). While most of the HQET-predicted relationships among form factors hold at the maximum value of q{sup 2}, many are violated, suggesting that the simplest version of the pole model of meson form factors should be used with caution, especially when combined with HQET.
120605148
Partial-wave analysis of lepton-pair annihilation into two photons
The partial-wave (Jp) composition of the process l+l− → γγ is analyzed in lowest order quantum electrodynamics. The results for low-momentum leptons are as expected, the partial wave with Jp = 0− being dominant. At high energies, the partial wave with Jp = 2+ has the largest single partial cross section. At all energies, it is found that lepton pairs in the triplet state give rise exclusively to positive-parity final states, whereas pairs in the singlet state give rise to negative-parity final states.Some features of the differential cross section are also explained in terms of the spin state of the annihilating lepton pair. Possible implications for e+e− → γγ → hadrons and hadrons are briefly discussed.
125011745
Heavy quark effective theory
After a brief introduction, the results of application of the heavy quark effective theory to semileptonic decays of beta mesons are discussed. A nearly-model-independent extraction of {vert_bar}V{sub cb}{vert_bar} from data is described. Application of the effective theory to inclusive semileptonic decays of heavy mesons, in semileptonic decays of heavy baryons, and to the nonleptonic decays of hadrons are outlined. The authors conclude by mentioning other areas of research in this very active field.
119191937
Photoproduction of meson pairs: First measurement of the polarization observable I**s
Abstract The polarization observable I s , a feature exclusive to the acoplanar kinematics of multi-meson final states produced via linearly polarized photons, has been measured for the first time. Results for the reaction γ → p → p π 0 η are presented for incoming photon energies between 970 MeV and 1650 MeV along with the beam asymmetry I c . The comparably large asymmetries demonstrate a high sensitivity of I s to the dynamics of the reaction. The sensitivity of these new polarization observables to the contributing partial waves is demonstrated by fits using the Bonn–Gatchina partial wave analysis.
32389654
Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and confinement with an infrared-vanishing gluon propagator?
We have studied a model Dyson-Schwinger equation for the quark propagator, constructed using an Ansatz for the gluon propagator of the form D(q) {approximately} q{sup 2}/[(q{sup 2}){sup 2} + b{sup 4}] and two Ansatze for the quark-gluon vertex: the minimal Ball-Chiu and the modified form suggested by Curtis and Pennington. The aim was to determine whether such a form of the gluon propagator, which was suggested by a number of authors and which recent lattice simulations of QCD suggest may be plausible, can support dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and ensure quark confinement. The form of the gluon propagator at small space-like momenta is crucial to the nature of the strong interaction spectrum but is presently unknown and information gathered in such studies is invaluable in supporting or invalidating given hypotheses. It was found that there is a critical value of b = b{sub c} such that the model does not support dynamical chiral symmetry breaking for b > b{sub c}. Further, it was shown that this form of gluon propagator cannot confine quarks. As a consequence this form represents a physically unreasonable model. In addition, these results formed the basis for an invited presentation at a workshop on quantum infraredmore » physics and will be published in the proceedings.« less
12221906
Measurements of discrete nuclear reactions induced by a radioactive 8Li beam.
Energy- and angle-resolved nuclear reactions, primarily one-nucleon stripping, have been observed for targets of CD{sub 2}, Be, and C, using a radioactive {sup 8}Li beam ({ital T}{sub 1/2}=842 ms) at {ital E}=14.3 MeV. The ({sup 8}Li,{sup 7}Li) neutron transfer reaction populating discrete final states was identified and angular distributions were obtained. This direct-reaction channel has large cross sections (10--100 mb/sr) due, in part, to the unique nuclear properties of {sup 8}Li. Implications for astrophysical abundances of Li isotopes may be significant.
19324012
Fragmentation and splitting of Gamow-Teller resonances in Sn(3He,t)Sb charge-exchange reactions, A=112-124.
Fragmentation and splitting of the Gamow-Teller (GT) strength has been observed in a systematic study of the ([sup 3]He,[ital t]) charge-exchange reaction at [ital E]([sup 3]He)=200 MeV over the entire range of stable Sn isotopes. Triton energy spectra were observed with a high-resolution magnetic spectrometer at angles near [theta]=0[degree] where [Delta][ital L]=0 transitions are enhanced. Excitation energies, widths, 0[degree] cross sections, and strengths [ital B](GT) were determined. A theoretically predicted configuration splitting of the main GT component into two components, expected to be dominant near [ital A]=118 at the onset of the filling of the 1[ital h][sub 11/2] neutron orbital, could not be observed. This may be due to the fact that the total widths of the resonances of 5--6 MeV exceed the predicted splitting. A comparison of the 0[degree] cross sections for the transitions to the GT resonances and the isobaric analog states leads to strengths [ital B](GT) for the main Gamow-Teller components of typically 65% of the sum-rule value of 3([ital N][minus][ital Z]). Three to four additional Gamow-Teller fragments were observed in all final nuclei at lower excitation energies. The excellent energy resolution of the experiment made it possible to observe a pronounced fine structure in these low-lyingmore » resonances which is believed to be due to coupling to two-particle--two-hole doorway states. Also seen with all target nuclei was a systematic sequence of strong [ital J][sup [pi]]=1[sup +] states near the ground states in all Sb isotopes ([ital E][sub [ital x]]=0 to 220 keV). In addition, strong [Delta][ital L]=1 resonances were observed in all nuclei at excitation energies of typically 20 MeV. Furthermore, nonresonant background from quasifree charge exchange was observed. An average of [similar to]85% of all excess neutrons seems to contribute to this background in approximate agreement with results from ([ital e],[ital e][prime][ital p]) experiments.« less
26570396
Measurement of the inclusive semielectronic D0 branching fraction.
7502410
Model gluon propagator and pion and rho -meson observables.
A one parameter, model confined-gluon propagator is employed in a phenomenological application of the Dyson-Schwinger and Bethe-Salpeter equations to the calculation of a range of \ensuremath{\pi}- and \ensuremath{\rho}-meson observables. Good agreement is obtained with the data. The calculated quark propagator does not have a singularity on the real-${\mathit{p}}^{2}$ axis. A mass formula for the pion, involving only the vacuum, dressed quark propagator, is presented and shown to provide an accurate estimate of the mass obtained via a direct solution of the Bethe-Salpeter equation. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.