16629504
Five-dimensional Brans-Dicke theory and cosmic acceleration
We consider a 5-dimensional scalar-tensor theory which is a direct generalization of the original 4-dimensional Brans-Dicke theory to five dimensions. By assuming that there is a hypersurface-orthogonal spacelike Killing vector field in the underlying 5-dimensional spacetime, the theory is reduced to a 4-dimensional theory where the 4-metric is coupled with two scalar fields. The cosmological implication of this reduced theory is then studied in the Robertson-Walker model. It turns out that the two scalar fields may account naturally for the present accelerated expansion of our universe. The observational restriction of the reduced cosmological model is also analyzed.
118178605
SL(2,C) Chern–Simons theory, a non-planar graph operator, and 4D quantum gravity with a cosmological constant: Semiclassical geometry
Abstract We study the expectation value of a nonplanar Wilson graph operator in SL ( 2 , C ) Chern–Simons theory on S 3 . In particular we analyze its asymptotic behavior in the double-scaling limit in which both the representation labels and the Chern–Simons coupling are taken to be large, but with fixed ratio. When the Wilson graph operator has a specific form, motivated by loop quantum gravity, the critical point equations obtained in this double-scaling limit describe a very specific class of flat connection on the graph complement manifold. We find that flat connections in this class are in correspondence with the geometries of constant curvature 4-simplices. The result is fully non-perturbative from the perspective of the reconstructed geometry. We also show that the asymptotic behavior of the amplitude contains, at the leading order, an oscillatory part proportional to the Regge action for the single 4-simplex in the presence of a cosmological constant. In particular, the cosmological term contains the full-fledged curved volume of the 4-simplex. Interestingly, the volume term stems from the asymptotics of the Chern–Simons action. This can be understood as arising from the relation between Chern–Simons theory on the boundary of a region, and a theory defined by an F 2 action in the bulk. Another peculiarity of our approach is that the sign of the curvature of the reconstructed geometry, and hence of the cosmological constant in the Regge action, is not fixed a priori, but rather emerges semiclassically and dynamically from the solution of the equations of motion. In other words, this work suggests a relation between 4-dimensional loop quantum gravity with a cosmological constant and SL ( 2 , C ) Chern–Simons theory in 3 dimensions with knotted graph defects.
119628044
On the Asymptotics of Quantum Group Spinfoam Model
Recently a quantum group deformation of EPRL spinfoam model was proposed in arXiv:1012.4216 by one of the authors, and in arXiv:1012.4784 by Fairbairn and Meusburger. It is interesting to study the high spin asymptotics of the quantum group spinfoam model, to see if it gives the discrete Einstein gravity with cosmological constant as its semiclassical limit. In this article we propose a new technique, which can simplify the analysis of the high spin asymptotics for quantum group spinfoam vertex amplitude. This technique can generalize the spinfoam asymptotic analysis developed by Barrett, et al to quantum group spinfoam. As a preparation of asymptotic analysis, we define and analyze the coherent states and coherent intertwiners for quantum group, which has certain "factorization properties". We show that in the high spin limit of quantum group spinfoam, many q-deformed noncommutative ingredients become classical and commutative. In particular, the squared norm of coherent intertwiner and the (Euclidean) vertex amplitude become integrals on classical group, while there are some additional terms (written in terms of classical group variables) make quantum group corrections to the usual (classical group) coherent intertwiner and vertex amplitude. These quantum group correction terms turn out to be proportional to the deformation parameter, which hopefully gives the cosmological term as its semiclassical limit.
118608710
Spinfoam fermions
A serious shortcoming of spinfoam loop gravity is the absence of matter. See for instance [1, 2] and full references therein. Here we study a minimal coupling of the theory with a chiral fermion field and a Yang-Mills field. We find that the dynamical coupling of a fermion to quantum gravity is surprisingly simple in the spinfoam formalism. This result resonate with similar ones in early canonical loop theory [3, 4]: the naive fermion hamiltonian was found to be just the extension of the simple “shift” form [5] of the gravitational hamiltonian, to the open ends of the gravitational Faraday lines, which represent fermions. Here we find that in the spinfoams context the fermion dynamics is a natural extension of the gravitational amplitude to spin-networks with spin1 2 open-ends at the nodes. In the presence of fermions, it is then easy to add YangMills fields by promoting a global symmetry to a local symmetry. The dynamics can then be generated à la Zeld’hovic [6, 7] from fermion loops. For earlier studies on how to couple fermions to a discretized gravitational field, see [8–11]. For detailed studies of fermions in the loop quantum gravity canonical formalism, see [12–15]. On fermions in 3d, spinfoams and quantum cosmology and the effect of fermions on Holst gravity, see also [16–20].
17797254
HAMILTONIAN ANALYSIS OF n-DIMENSIONAL PALATINI GRAVITY WITH MATTER
We consider the Palatini formalism of gravity with cosmological constant Λ coupled to a scalar field ϕ in n dimensions. The n-dimensional Einstein equations with Λ can be derived by the variation of the coupled Palatini action provided n>2. The Hamiltonian analysis of the coupled action is carried out by a 1+(n-1) decomposition of the spacetime. It turns out that both Palatini action and Hilbert action lead to the same geometric dynamics in the presence of Λ and ϕ while the n-dimensional Palatini action could not give a dynamical formalism of connection directly.
5145645
Quantum dyanmics of loop quantum gravity
In the last 20 years, loop quantum gravity, a background independent approach to unify general relativity and quantum mechanics, has been widely investigated. The aim of loop quantum gravity is to construct a mathematically rigorous, background independent, nonperturbative quantum theory for the Lorentzian gravitational field on a four-dimensional manifold. In this approach, the principles of quantum mechanics are combined with those of general relativity naturally. Such a combination provides us a picture of "quantum Riemannian geometry", which is discrete at a fundamental scale. In the investigation of quantum dynamics, the classical expressions of constraints are quantized as operators. The quantum evolution is contained in the solutions of the quantum constraint equations. On the other hand, the semi-classical analysis has to be carried out in order to test the semiclassical limit of the quantum dynamics. 
In this thesis, the structure of the dynamical theory in loop quantum gravity is presented pedagogically. The outline is as follows: first we review the classical formalism of general relativity as a dynamical theory of connections. Then the kinematical Ashtekar-Isham-Lewandowski representation is introduced as a foundation of loop quantum gravity. We discuss the construction of a Hamiltonian constraint operator and the master constraint programme, for both the cases of pure gravity and matter field coupling. Finally, some strategies are discussed concerning testing the semiclassical limit of the quantum dynamics.
119908252
George Sudarshan, No-Go theorems and the exclusion principle
We review two areas of my work that were directly and indirectly initiated and inspired by George. One is the proofs of no-go theorems in combining the spacetime and internal symmetries in non-trivial ways and the other is how Georges firm conviction on the fundamentality of the spin-statistics theorem helped to expand the domain of applicability of the spin-statistics theorem into the arena of quarks and gluons, going far beyond the original application of the exclusion principle in atomic physics. In order to provide deeper understanding of mass differences of particles belonging to spin-degenerate multiplets, attempts have been made to see if some non-trivial way of embedding the Lorentz group and internal symmetry groups such as SU(2) and SU(3) into a larger group. When a hint of no-go theorem (that such non-trivial embedding cannot be achieved) first appeared, George went to work and led many of us, including myself, into this area of research. A series of proofs of no-go theorems by George, myself and others eventually led to the definitive proof by Lochlainn O'Raifeartaigh that came to be known as the ORaifeartaigh theorem. Lochlainn also joined George at Syracuse at the same time I went there. The second area in which George had significant influence on my work is his fervent belief in the fundamental importance of the spin-statistics relationship. First postulated by Worlfgang Pauli to explain the periodic table of elements, the relationship the exclusion principle has exceeded far beyond its original domain of validity. The relationship has been upheld across the scale molecular, atomic, and nuclear structures. What is less known is the fact the relationship continues to remain valid in scales smaller than nucleons. The spin-statistics relationship was one of the compelling reasons for Nambu and I to introduce a new set of then undiscovered degrees freedom for quarks inside nucleons. This new degrees of freedom came to be called the color charges of quarks and it led to the non-Abelian gauge field theory of the strong interactions known today as the quantum chromodynamics. Georges insight into the spin-statistics relationship was indispensable in the birth of the new theory of the strong force.
120561444
Comment on the paper entitled «On the Poincaré noninvariance of a recent alternative to the Dirac equation»
119951520
On a difficulty in formulating relativistic partonlike equations
123307684
Hadronic regge sequences as primitive realizations of SL(3,R) symmetry☆
Abstract Four primitive infinite dimensional unitary representations of the group of rotations and deformations - SL(3,R) - are constructed and associated with the four Regge trajectories: π, ϱ, N, Δ. The model predicts E2 transition moments and a power law for E versus j consistent with the Chew-Frautschi relation E∼j 1 2 .
122507140
Diquark color excitation and the narrow resonances
The new narrow resonances are interpreted in the three-triplet model with integral baryon numbers as diquark color excitations of the qq +- q-barq-bar type. Hadronic decays, ..gamma.. transitions, and coupling to ..gamma.. occur through impurity qq-bar admixtures. Except for the coupling to ..gamma.., all decay rates are suppressed. The enhancements above 4 GeV in hadronic cross sections are attributed to qq-bar color octets or still higher diquark levels. (AIP)