11500894
Using Reactive Deliberation for Real-Time Control of Soccer-Playing Robots
Soccer meets the requirements of the Situated Agent approach and as a task domain is sufficiently rich to support research integrating many branches of Al. Reactive deliberation is a robot architecture that combines responsiveness to the environment with intelligent decision making. Under Reactive Deliberation, the robot controller is partitioned into a deliberator and an executor; the distinction is primarily based on the different time scales of interaction. A controller for our team entry in the Robocup97 Simulation League, UBC Dynamo97, has been developed using the Reactive Deliberation architecture.
373663
A Multi-Level Constraint-Based Controller for the Dynamo98 Robot Soccer Team
Constraint Nets provide a semantic model for modeling hybrid dynamic systems. Controllers are embedded constraint solvers that solve constraints in real-time. A controller for our new softbot soccer team, UBC Dynamo98, has been modeled in Constraint Nets, and implemented in Java, using the Java Beans architecture. An evolutionary algorithm is designed and implemented to adjust the weights of constraints in the controller. The paper demonstrates that the formal Constraint Net approach is a practical tool for designing and implementing controllers for robots in multi-agent real-time environments.
9632275
A Constraint-Based Robotic Soccer Team
It is a challenging task for a team of multiple fast-moving robots to cooperate with each other and to compete with another team in a dynamic, real-time environment. For a robot team to play soccer successfully, various technologies have to be incorporated including robotic architecture, multi-agent collaboration and real-time reasoning. A robot is an integrated system, with a controller embedded in its plant. A robotic system is the coupling of a robot to its environment. Robotic systems are, in general, hybrid dynamic systems, consisting of continuous, discrete and event-driven components. Constraint Nets (CN) provide a semantic model for modeling hybrid dynamic systems. Controllers are embedded constraint solvers that solve constraints in real-time. A controller for our robot soccer team, UBC Dynamo98, has been modeled in CN, and implemented in Java, using the Java Beans architecture. A coach program using an evolutionary algorithm has also been designed and implemented to adjust the weights of the constraints and other parameters in the controller. The results demonstrate that the formal CN approach is a practical tool for designing and implementing controllers for robots in multi-agent real-time environments. They also demonstrate the effectiveness of applying the evolutionary algorithm to the CN-modeled controllers.
38299104
A Computational Trust Model for Semantic Web Based on Bayesian Decision Theory
Enabling trust to ensure more effective and efficient agent interaction is at the heart of the Semantic Web vision. We propose a computational trust model based on Bayesian decision theory in this paper. Our trust model combines a variety of sources of information to assist users with making correct decision in choosing the appropriate providers according to their preferences that expressed by prior information and utility function, and takes three types of costs (operational, opportunity and service charges) into account during trust evaluating. Our approach gives trust a strict probabilistic interpretation and lays solid foundation for trust evaluating on the Semantic Web.
36668943
Parallel Solution in Simulation of Cardiac Excitation Anisotropic Propagation
Solution in simulation of cardiac excitation anisotropic propagation throughout the ventricular myocardium is computationally very expensive that demands the introduction of a high performance computing techniques. In this study, a canine ventricle model was constructed features a realistic anatomical structure, including intramural fiber rotation and a conduction system. By using operator-splitting scheme, adaptive time step and backward differentiation formulation techniques in a parallel implement, we solved mondomain equation successfully. The stimulation produced isochrone's map is close to the clinical record that obtained from the non-contact mapping system of Ensite 3000. The results show that the proposed methods can successfully be used to simulate heart excitation anisotropic propagation in three-dimensional anatomical large tissue size.
17620967
Research on AI Planning Based Modeling Method for Area Traffic Signal Control
In this paper an area signal control model based on temporal planning is presented. Every activity of area signal control is modeled using planning domain definition language, and then the domain model of area signal control is established. Aiming at the representation problem of resource and time in the area signal control model, we extended the basic activity model by adding resource constraint and temporal constraint, and temporal planning based domain model for area signal control is established finally.
2930673
Adaptive Security Dialogs for Improved Security Behavior of Users
Despite the increasing awareness of the importance of security for daily computer users, we see that many users still fail to behave securely when confronted with a security-related decision. In this paper, we introduce a new approach to security-related dialogs called Adaptive Security Dialogs (ASD). This approach is a combination of a new architecture and a new way of interacting with users to provide them with appropriate and effective security dialogs. ASD realizes this goal by matching the complexity and intrusiveness of security-related dialogs to the risk associated with the decision the user is making. This results in an architecture in which users can focus on their tasks, get (immediate) feedback on their decisions, and interact with dialogs with an appropriate complexity and appearance for the decision's associated risk. This paper makes the following three contributions. First, we introduce a general architecture for handling security-related decisions. Second, through an empirical user study using a web-based e-mail client, we show significant improvement in the care exercised by our participants without sacrificing usability. Third, we describe how the different pieces of existing research fit into the bigger picture of improving users' behavior.
5679790
Proactive Information Exchange During Team Cooperation
We are concerned, ultimately, with multi-agent teams involving both software and human agents in which the software agents assist in training the humans, e.g., as virtual team members. The software agents must be capable of utilizing the teamwork mechanisms used by humans. In this paper, we describe how to give agents the same implicit communication capabilities, i.e., observation, that humans use. We show how agents can use observations of the environment and teammates' actions to estimate other agents beliefs without bothering them with unnecessary messages; we also show how agents can anticipate information needs among the team and proactively exchange information, reducing the total communication volume. To achieve these goals, we add sensing capabilities to agents and present algorithms that infer teammates' mental state from the observation. Experimental data is presented that shows that the advantage of observation in proactive information exchange as well as enhanced team performance.