119102176
Kaon Interferometry
Two-kaon and two-pion correlation functions for an expanding thermalized source are compared. In the Yano-Koonin-Podgoretskii parametrization of the correlation function, the HBT radius parameters are shown to obey M_\bot- scaling in the absence of collective transverse flow. This scaling is broken by transverse flow. An accurate comparison of pion and kaon correlations can thus resolve issue whether the observed M_\bot-dependence of the transverse radius parameter is due to transverse collective flow or other transverse gradients. Effects from resonance decays are shortly discussed.
120866499
FRACTALITY IN ELEMENTARY COLLISIONS
Different fractality in hadron–hadron and e+e- collisions and its experimental observation are reviewed. The discussions on related underlying dynamics are presented.
118547741
Statistical and dynamical fluctuations of Binder ratios in heavy ion collisions
Higher moments of the net-proton Binder ratio, which is suggested to be a good observation to locate the QCD critical point, is measured in relativistic heavy ion collisions. We first estimate the effect of statistical fluctuations of the third- and fourth-order Binder ratios. Then the dynamical Binder ratio is proposed and investigated in both transport and statistical models. The energy dependence of dynamical Binder ratios with different system sizes at RHIC beam scan energies is presented and discussed.
116833066
Locating the critical point of QCD phase transition by finite-size scaling
It is pointed out that in relativistic heavy ion collisions, critical related observable in the vicinity of critical point should follow finite-size scaling. The methods of finding and locating critical point are established for the first time by finite-size scaling and its critical characteristics, in particular, the fixed-point and straight-line behavior. As an application of the method, the critical behavior at RHIC data is demonstrated.
16991538
On the Dominance of Statistical Fluctuation in the Factorial-Moment Study of Chaos in Low Multiplicity Events of High Energy Collisions
It is shown using Monte Carlo simulation that for low multiplicity events the single-event factorial moments are saturated by the statistical fluctuations. The diverse of the event-space moments $C_{p,q}$ of single-event moments with the diminishing of phase space scale, called ``erraticity'', observed in experiment can readily be reproduced by a flat probability distribution with only statistical fluctuations and therefore does not indicate the existence of chaos as suggested. The possibility of studying chaos in high multiplicity events using erraticity analysis is discussed.
123369286
Local charge nonequilibrium and anomalous energy dependence of normalized moments in narrow rapidity windows
118477157
TIME VARIABLE COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT OF HOLOGRAPHIC ORIGIN WITH INTERACTION IN BRANS–DICKE THEORY
Time variable cosmological constant (TVCC) of holographic origin with interaction in Brans–Dicke theory is discussed in this paper. We investigate some characters for this model, and show the evolutions of deceleration parameter and equation of state (EOS) for dark energy. It is shown that in this scenario an accelerating universe can be obtained and the evolution of EOS for dark energy can cross over the boundary of phantom divide. In addition, a geometrical diagnostic method, jerk parameter, is applied to this model to distinguish it with cosmological constant.
123490615
COSMOLOGICAL EVOLUTION OF MODIFIED CHAPLYGIN GAS INTERACTING WITH BAROTROPIC BACKGROUND FLUID
Based on the observation that the equation of state parameter ω can cross the phantom dividing ω = -1 and has a 99% probability of being ω < -1, we introduce an interaction between the modified Chaplygin gas and the barotropic background fluid. By studying the dynamical evolution of the MCG model with interaction and the statefinder diagnostic in autonomous system, we find that the MCG vacuum-energy-dominated phase is the only stable attractor, the universe evolves from the matter-dominated phase to the MCG vacuum-energy-dominated phase, and the effect of the transfer strength parameter c is evident. In addition, we have plotted the evolution trajectories of the interacting CG, GCG and MCG models with barotropic background fluid in the statefinder parameter (s - r)-plane to illustrate the discriminations among these scenarios.
119108135
Lifshitz Scaling Effects on Holographic Superconductors
Via numerical and analytical methods, the effects of the Lifshitz dynamical exponent z on the holographic superconductor models are studied in some detail, including s-wave and p-wave models. Working in the probe limit, we calculate the condensation and conductivity in both Lifshitz black hole and soliton backgrounds with a general z. For both the s-wave and p-wave models in the black hole backgrounds, as z increases, the phase transition becomes difficult and the conductivity is suppressed. For the Lifshitz soliton background, when z increases, the critical chemical potential increases in both the s-wave model (with a fixed mass of the scalar field) and p-wave model. For the p-wave model in both the Lifshitz black hole and soliton backgrounds, the anisotropy between the AC conductivity in different spatial directions is suppressed when z increases. In all cases, we find that the critical exponent of the condensation is always 1/2, independent of z and spacetime dimension. The analytical results from the Sturm-Liouville variational method uphold the numerical calculations. The implications of these results are discussed. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
116800851
Parametric (Anti-) Self-Dual Variables and a Related Parametric Yang–Mills–Like Action in Four-Dimensional Gravity
Internal and external parametric dualtransformations as well as (anti-) self-dual variablesin four-dimensional gravity are presented in a unifiedway via a parameter. The double complex (anti-)self-dual variables including the double complex Ashtekarvariables are studied by using the double complexfunction method. Concretely, a parametricYang–Mills-like action is proposed and theanalytic continuation from a double action to the Euclidean action isdiscussed. Some results of previous gravitationaltheories are extended to a parametric form.
119284084
Reconstruction of new holographic scalar field models of dark energy in Brans-Dicke universe
Motivated by the work: K. Karami and J. Fehri, Phys. Lett. B684, 61 (2010) and A. Sheykhi, Phys. Lett. B681, 205 (2009), we generalize their work to the new holographic dark energy model with in the framework of Brans–Dicke cosmology. Concretely, we study the correspondence between the quintessence, tachyon, K-essence, dilaton scalar field and Chaplygin gas model with the new holographic dark energy model in the non-flat Brans–Dicke universe. Furthermore, we reconstruct the potentials and dynamics for these models. By analysis we can show that for new holographic quintessence and Chaplygin gas models, if the related parameters to the potentials satisfy some constraints, the accelerated expansion can be achieved in Brans–Dicke cosmology. In particular, the counterparts of fields and potentials in general relativity can describe accelerated expansion of the universe. It is worth stressing that not only can we give some new results in the framework of Brans–Dicke cosmology, but also the previous results of the new holographic dark energy in Einstein gravity can be included as special cases given by us.