121875662
Correlated neutron-deuteron and neutron-triton emission after pion capture on 12C
Abstract Energy and angle measurements of neutron-deuteron and neutron-triton pairs emitted following negative-pion capture on 12 C have been made. Strong 180° correlation is observed in the angular distributions of both types of pairs, indicating substantial absorption by clusters in the 12 C nucleus.
89609083
Evidence for a New Phase of Solid He-3
)Permanent address: Faculte des Sciences, Orsay, France. See, for exaxnple, I. Prigogine, Non Equi/ibrinm Statistica/ Mechanics (Wiley, New York, 1962); P. Resibois, in-Many Pmticle Physics, edited by K. Meeron (Gordon and Breach, New York, 1966). J. Van der Waals, Dissertation, University of Leiden, 1873 (unpublished) . See M. Kac, G. Uhlenbeck, and P. Hemmer, J. Math. Phys. 4, 216, 229 (1963), and 5, 60 (1964); J. Lebowitz, G. Steli, and S. Baer, J. Math. Phys. (N.Y.) 4, 1282 (1965). See K. Kawasaki, Progr. Theor. Phys. 41, 1190 (1969), snd references quoted therein. ~H. Mori, Progr. Theor. Phys. 28, 763 (1962}. P. Resibois, J. Chem. Phys. 41, 2979 (1964). P. Resibois, J. Stat. Phys. 2, 21 (1970). J. Dorfman and E. Cohen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 25, 1257 (1970). L. Kadanoff and J. Swift, Phys. Rev. 166, 89 (1968). M. Ernst, E. Hauge, and J. Van Leeuwen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 25, 1254 (1970), and Phys. Rev. A 4, 2055 (1971). "B.Alder and T. Wainwright, Phys. Rev. A 1, 18 (1970); see also Refs. 8 and 10; and Y. Pomeau, to be published.
123008932
The response of drift tubes to variations in wire diameter and gas filling
Abstract A systematic study of the response of single-wire drift tubes to variations in the wire diameter and gas fillings has been conducted. Gas gain as a function of applied voltage and pulse-shape characteristics were measured for both the proportional and streamer modes. Argon gas fillings with mixtures of ethane, methane, isobutane, and carbon dioxide were studied. Ethanol and isopropyl alcohol admixtures were added to determine effects on stability. Additional studies were conducted on nonstandard gas mixtures such as Freon and neon fillings, and “magic gas”. Wire diameters included in the study were 20, 25, 50, and 100 μm. The results demonstrate that streamer operation can be achieved with most gases and wire diameters. However, in most cases, admixtures of alcohol were necessary to obtain adequate streamer mode plateaus for the smaller diameter wires.
124265140
Low-energy neutron shielding
The attenuation of low-energy neutrons (< 20 MeV) through a 120-cm-thick slab shield of various mixtures of concrete, boron compounds, and water has been investigated. A Monte Carlo code was used to sample the neutron probability distribution and track the neutrons through the shield.
120849057
Design and performance of an 8 cm thick intrinsic germanium detector telescope
Abstract A detector telescope consisting of eight 1 cm thick intrinsic Ge diodes is described. The diodes have thin dead layer Li junctions (∼15 ωm ) and are mounted in interchangeable holders. Designs of the holders and the mounting assembly are presented. The major problem in using stopping detectors at medium energies is the tail of low pulse height events produced by nuclear reactions and scattering out. A technique for rejecting these events is described and the results obtained with deuterons from p-d elastic scattering of 800 MeV protons are presented. Analysis of the nuclear reaction tail for 120, 220, and 250 MeV deutrons yields an average total reaction cross section for deuterons on Ge of σ R = (1490±130) mb.
119883715
Negative pion capture on 12C with emission of neutron-proton pairs
Abstract Energy and angle measurements of neutron-proton pairs emitted after π − capture in 12 C have been made. The data are in partial agreement with several theories. Some evidence indicates that limits on the short-range correlation parameters might be determined from the nn/np ratio at backward angles.
118515210
Dilute neutron matter on the lattice at next-to-leading order in chiral effective field theory
Abstract.We discuss lattice simulations of the ground state of dilute neutron matter at next-to-leading order in chiral effective field theory. In a previous paper the coefficients of the next-to-leading-order lattice action were determined by matching nucleon-nucleon scattering data for momenta up to the pion mass. Here the same lattice action is used to simulate the ground state of up to 12 neutrons in a periodic cube using Monte Carlo simulations. We explore the density range from 2% to 8% of normal nuclear density and analyze the ground-state energy as an expansion about the unitarity limit with corrections due to finite scattering length, effective range, and P -wave interactions.
118608523
MEASURING TRANSVERSE MOTIONS FOR NEARBY GALAXY CLUSTERS
Measuring the full three-dimensional motions of extragalactic objects in the universe presents a seemingly insurmountable challenge. In this Letter, we investigate the application of a technique to measure tangential motion that has previously only been applied nearby within the Local Group of galaxies, to clusters of galaxies far beyond its borders. We show that mapping the mean line-of-sight motion throughout a galaxy cluster could in principle be used to detect the perspective rotation induced by the projection of the cluster's tangential motion into the line of sight. The signal will be most prominent for clusters of the largest angular extent, most symmetric intrinsic velocity distribution and surveyed with the largest number of pointings possible. We investigate the feasibility of detecting this signal using three different approaches: measuring line-of-sight motions of individual cluster members, taking spectra of intracluster gas, and mapping distortions of the cosmic microwave background radiation. We conclude that future spectroscopic surveys of thousands of members of nearby galaxy clusters hold the most promise of measuring cluster tangential motions using this technique.
3042885
Viability of carbon-based life as a function of the light quark mass.
The Hoyle state plays a crucial role in the helium burning of stars that have reached the red giant stage. The close proximity of this state to the triple-alpha threshold is needed for the production of carbon, oxygen, and other elements necessary for life. We investigate whether this life-essential condition is robust or delicately fine-tuned by measuring its dependence on the fundamental constants of nature, specifically the light quark mass and the strength of the electromagnetic interaction. We show that there exist strong correlations between the alpha-particle binding energy and the various energies relevant to the triple-alpha process. We derive limits on the variation of these fundamental parameters from the requirement that sufficient amounts of carbon and oxygen be generated in stars. We also discuss the implications of our results for an anthropic view of the Universe.
117984666
Mass inequality for the quark propagator
We show that for any gauge-fixing scheme with positive semi-definite functional integral measure, the inverse correlation length of the quark propagator is bounded below by one-half the pion mass.
15268276
Zone determinant expansions for nuclear lattice simulations
We introduce a new approximation to nucleon matrix determinants that is physically motivated by chiral effective theory. The method involves breaking the lattice into spatial zones and expanding the determinant in powers of the boundary hopping parameter.