46389231
Quasilocal conserved charges in a covariant theory of gravity.
In any generally covariant theory of gravity, we show the relationship between the linearized asymptotically conserved current and its nonlinear completion through the identically conserved current. Our formulation for conserved charges is based on the Lagrangian description, and so completely covariant. By using this result, we give a prescription to define quasilocal conserved charges in any higher derivative gravity. As applications of our approach, we demonstrate the angular momentum invariance along the radial direction of black holes and reproduce more efficiently the linearized potential on the asymptotic anti-de Sitter space.
119234273
Hawking radiation and near horizon universality of chiral Virasoro algebra
We show that the diffeomorphism anomaly together with the trace anomaly reveal a chiral Virasoro algebra near the event horizon of a black hole. This algebra is the same irrespective of whether the anomaly is covariant or consistent, thereby manifesting its universal character and the fact that only the outgoing modes are relevant near the horizon. Our analysis therefore clarifies the role of the trace anomaly in the diffeomorphism anomaly approach [Robinson and Wilczek in Phys. Rev. Lett. 95:011303, 2005; Iso et al. in Phys. Rev. Lett. 96:151302, 2006; Banerjee and Kulkarni in Phys. Rev. D 77:024018, 2008; Gangopadhyay and Kulkarni in Phys. Rev. D 77:024038, 2008] to the Hawking radiation.
119219712
Non-conformal hydrodynamics in Einstein-dilaton theory
A bstractIn the Einestein-dilaton theory with a Liouville potential parameterized by η, we find a Schwarzschild-type black hole solution. This black hole solution, whose asymptotic geometry is described by the warped metric, is thermodynamically stable only for 0 ≤ η < 2. Applying the gauge/gravity duality, we find that the dual gauge theory represents a non-conformal thermal system with the equation of state depending on η. After turning on the bulk vector fluctuations with and without a dilaton coupling, we calculate the charge diffusion constant, which indicates that the life time of the quasi normal mode decreases with η. Interestingly, the vector fluctuation with the dilaton coupling shows that the DC conductivity increases with temperature, a feature commonly found in electrolytes.
13913623
Hawking fluxes, back reaction and covariant anomalies
Starting from the chiral covariant effective action approach of Banerjee and Kulkarni (2008 Phys. Lett. B 659 827), we provide a derivation of the Hawking radiation from a charged black hole in the presence of gravitational back reaction. The modified expressions for charge and energy flux, due to the effect of one-loop back reaction are obtained.
118387184
Higher order WKB corrections to black hole entropy in brick wall formalism
We calculate the statistical entropy of a quantum field with an arbitrary spin propagating on the spherical symmetric black hole background by using the brick wall formalism at higher orders in the WKB approximation. For general spins, we find that the correction to the standard Bekenstein–Hawking entropy depends logarithmically on the area of the horizon. Furthermore, we apply this analysis to the Schwarzschild and Schwarzschild–AdS(dS) black holes and discuss our results.
116599063
Hawking fluxes and covariant anomalies
A non-destructive, direct method and apparatus for producing stretch blow molded articles having at least one physical dimension within a preselected range. The apparatus includes an injection mold defining an injection mold interior surface having a first differentially dimensioned portion disposed at a preselected location thereon and capable of producing a parison having a parison exterior surface including a first marker formed by contact with the first differentially dimensioned portion, and a stretch blow mold defining a stretch blow mold interior surface having a second differentially dimensioned portion disposed at a predetermined location thereon and capable of producing the article from the parison including a second marker formed by contact with the second differentially dimensioned portion. Relative position of the first marker with respect to the second marker indicates whether a dimension is within a preselected range. The method includes injection molding a parison so that a parison exterior surface includes a first marker disposed at a preselected position thereon and formed by contact with a first differentially dimensioned portion disposed at a preselected location on an injection mold interior surface, and stretch blow molding an article from the parison so that an article exterior surface includes a second marker disposed at a predetermined position thereon and formed by contact with a second differentially dimensioned portion disposed at a predetermined location on a stretch blow mold interior surface.
118374860
Real-time Detection and Rapid Multiwavelength Follow-up Observations of a Highly Subluminous Type II-P Supernova from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey
The Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) is an optical wide-field variability survey carried out using a camera with a 7.8 deg^2 field of view mounted on the 48 inch Oschin Schmidt telescope at Palomar Observatory. One of the key goals of this survey is to conduct high-cadence monitoring of the sky in order to detect optical transient sources shortly after they occur. Here, we describe the real-time capabilities of the PTF and our related rapid multiwavelength follow-up programs, extending from the radio to the γ-ray bands. We present as a case study observations of the optical transient PTF10vdl (SN 2010id), revealed to be a very young core-collapse (Type II-P) supernova having a remarkably low luminosity. Our results demonstrate that the PTF now provides for optical transients the real-time discovery and rapid-response follow-up capabilities previously reserved only for high-energy transients like gamma-ray bursts.
17108018
A Relativistic Particle Outburst From The Soft Gamma-Ray Repeater SGR1900+14
Soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGR) are a class of high energy transients whose brief emissions are thought to arise from young and highly magnetized neutron stars. The exact cause for these outbursts and the nature of the energy loss remain unknown. Here we report the discovery of a fading radio source within the localization of the relatively under-studied SGR 1900+14. We argue that this radio source is a short-lived nebula powered by the particles ejected during the intense high energy activity in late August 1998, which included the spectacular gamma-ray burst of August 27. The radio observations allow us to constrain the energy released in the form of particles ejected during the burst, un-complicated by beaming effects. Furthermore, thanks to the astrometric precision of radio observations, we have finally localized this repeater to sub-arcsecond accuracy.
14167939
Detecting Outer Planets in Edge-on Orbits: Combining Radial Velocity and Astrometric Techniques
The astrometric and radial velocity techniques of extrasolar planet detection attempt to detect the periodic reflex motion of the parent star by extracting this periodic signal from a time-sampled set of observations. The extraction is generally accomplished using periodogram analysis or the functionally equivalent technique of least-squares fitting of sinusoids. In this paper, we use a frequentist approach to examine the sensitivity of the least-squares technique when applied to a combination of radial velocity and astrometric observations. We derive an analytical expression for the sensitivity and show that the combined approach yields significantly better sensitivity than either technique on its own. We discuss the ramifications of this result to upcoming astrometric surveys with the Full-Sky Astrometric Mapping Explorer, the Keck Interferometer, and the Space Interferometry Mission.
14050044
Transients in the Local Universe
Two different reasons make the search for transients in the nearby Universe (d < 200 Mpc) interesting and urgent. First, there exists a large gap in the luminosity of the brightest novae (-10 mag) and that of sub-luminous supernovae (-16 mag). However, theory and reasonable speculation point to several potential classes of objects in this "gap". Such objects are best found in the Local Universe. Second, the nascent field of Gravitational Wave (GW) astronomy and the budding fields of Ultra-high energy cosmic rays, TeV photons, astrophysical neutrinos are likewise limited to the Local Universe by physical effects (GZK effect, photon pair production) or instrumental sensitivity (neutrino and GW). Unfortunately, the localization of these new telescopes is poor and precludes identification of the host galaxy (with attendant loss of distance and physical diagnostics). Both goals can be met with wide field imaging telescopes acting in concert with follow-up telescopes. Astronomers must also embark upon completing the census of galaxies in the nearby Universe.
15519228
PRECISION ASTROMETRY WITH ADAPTIVE OPTICS
We investigate the limits of ground-based astrometry with adaptive optics using the core of the Galactic globular cluster M5. Adaptive optics systems provide near diffraction-limit imaging with the world's largest telescopes. The substantial improvement in both resolution and signal-to-noise ratio enables high-precision astrometry from the ground. We describe the dominant systematic errors that typically limit ground-based differential astrometry, and enumerate observational considerations for mitigating their effects. After implementing these measures, we find that the dominant limitation on astrometric performance in this experiment is caused by tilt anisoplanatism. We then present an optimal estimation technique for measuring the position of one star relative to a grid of reference stars in the face of this correlated random noise source. Our methodology has the advantage of reducing the astrometric errors to and faster than the square root of the number of reference stars, effectively eliminating noise caused by atmospheric tilt to the point that astrometric performance is limited by centering accuracy. Using 50 reference stars, we demonstrate a single-epoch astrometric precision of ≈1 mas in 1 s, decreasing to 100 μas in 2 minutes of integration time at the Hale 200 inch telescope. We also show that our astrometry is accurate to 100 μas for observations separated by 2 months. Finally, we discuss the limits and potential of differential astrometry with current and next-generation large-aperture telescopes. At this level of accuracy, numerous astrometric applications become accessible, including planet detection, astrometric microlensing signatures, and kinematics of distant Galactic stellar populations.