118547741
Statistical and dynamical fluctuations of Binder ratios in heavy ion collisions
Higher moments of the net-proton Binder ratio, which is suggested to be a good observation to locate the QCD critical point, is measured in relativistic heavy ion collisions. We first estimate the effect of statistical fluctuations of the third- and fourth-order Binder ratios. Then the dynamical Binder ratio is proposed and investigated in both transport and statistical models. The energy dependence of dynamical Binder ratios with different system sizes at RHIC beam scan energies is presented and discussed.
121580463
Prediction of the Multiplicity Distributions at Tevatron/LHC Energies and the Approach to Asymptotic KNO Scaling
The multiplicity distributions at Tevatron/large hadron collider (LHC) energies are predicted. The approximate Koba, Neilsen, Olesen (KNO) scaling at lower energies and its violation at above intersecting storage ring energy are discussed by using three fire ball model. It is predicted that there will appear a new KNO scaling in multiplicity distributions at asymptotic energy region after LHC.
16991538
On the Dominance of Statistical Fluctuation in the Factorial-Moment Study of Chaos in Low Multiplicity Events of High Energy Collisions
It is shown using Monte Carlo simulation that for low multiplicity events the single-event factorial moments are saturated by the statistical fluctuations. The diverse of the event-space moments $C_{p,q}$ of single-event moments with the diminishing of phase space scale, called ``erraticity'', observed in experiment can readily be reproduced by a flat probability distribution with only statistical fluctuations and therefore does not indicate the existence of chaos as suggested. The possibility of studying chaos in high multiplicity events using erraticity analysis is discussed.
124945127
Longitudinal phase space of multiparticle final states in high energy hadron-hadron collisions
The highly anisotropic phase space (known as longitudinal phase space) of multipartide final states in high energy hh collisions is studied in detail. It is pointed out that the anisotropy of phase space should manifest itself not only in the dramatic difference in magnitude between the average transverse and longitudinal momenta, but also in the anisotropy of dynamical fluctuations in the two directions. It means that the particle distribution in phase space has the property of selfaffine fractal. A method for experimentally testing the selfaffine fractality and measuring its cbaracteristic parameterHurst exponent is given. In addition, the correlation between the degree of longitudinal fractality and the magnitude of average transverse momentum is discussed. A new characteristic quantity--average transverse momentum per event--for de scribing the dynamical property of an event (hard, soft or ultrasoft) is proposed. A comparison of the results with experimental data is given.
123369286
Local charge nonequilibrium and anomalous energy dependence of normalized moments in narrow rapidity windows
118739427
Source Function Determined from HBT Correlations by the Maximum Entropy Principle
We study the reconstruction of the source function in space-time directly from the measured HBT correlation function using the Maximum Entropy Principle. We find that the problem is ill-defined without at least one additional theoretical constraint as input. Using the requirement of a finite source lifetime for the latter we find a new Gaussian parametrization of the source function directly in terms of the measured HBT radius parameters and its lifetime, where the latter is a free parameter which is not directly measurable by HBT. We discuss the implications of our results for the remaining freedom in building source models consistent with a given set of measured HBT radius parameters.
122566445
CONSTRAINT ON THE KINEMATICAL AND DYNAMICAL MODEL FROM THE LATEST OBSERVATIONAL DATA
The kinematical model j(z) = j0 and dynamical model wde(z) = w0, are constrained from the latest observational data: Union2 data including 557 type Ia supernovae (SNIa), 15 observational Hubble data (OHD), baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and Two-degree Field Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) and CMB data from seven-year WMAP. We get the current values of deceleration parameter q0, jerk parameter j0, dimensionless matter density Ωm, equation of state for dark energy w0 and transition redshift zT. Furthermore, it is shown that for both kinematical and dynamical models, the constraint results support for the cosmic concordance model, ΛCDM.
118457694
Combined constraints on modified Chaplygin gas model from cosmological observed data: Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach
We use the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to investigate a global constraints on the modified Chaplygin gas (MCG) model as the unification of dark matter and dark energy from the latest observational data: the Union2 dataset of type supernovae Ia (SNIa), the observational Hubble data (OHD), the cluster X-ray gas mass fraction, the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO), and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. In a flat universe, the constraint results for MCG model are, $${\Omega_{b}h^{2}\,{=}\,0.02263^{+0.00184}_{-0.00162} (1\sigma)^{+0.00213}_{-0.00195} (2\sigma)}$$, $${B_{s}\,{=}\,0.7788^{+0.0736}_{-0.0723}(1\sigma)^{+0.0918}_{-0.0904} (2\sigma)}$$, $${\alpha\,{=}\,0.1079^{+0.3397}_{-0.2539} (1\sigma)^{+0.4678}_{-0.2911} (2\sigma)}$$, $${B\,{=}\,0.00189^{+0.00583}_{-0.00756}(1\sigma)^{+0.00660}_{-0.00915} (2\sigma)}$$, and $${H_{0}=70.711^{+4.188}_{-3.142} (1\sigma)^{+5.281}_{-4.149}(2\sigma)}$$.
120094754
Thermodynamical Behaviors of Nonflat Brans-Dicke Gravity with Interacting New Agegraphic Dark Energy
The dynamical behaviors of Brans–Dicke gravity with the interacting new agegraphic dark energy (NADE) model are studied in this paper. First of all, by considering the dark energy density ρde = 3n2Φη-2, the evolutions of the equation of state and the deceleration parameter can be described in the framework of Friedmann–Robertson–Walker universe. Moreover, the field equations of the Brans–Dicke gravity can be cast to the form of the first law of thermodynamics with the so-called entropy production term . Furthermore, the generalized second law of thermodynamics can be given in nonflat Brans–Dicke gravity with the interacting NADE enclosed by the dynamical apparent horizon with Hawking temperature. Finally, when the interaction between NADE and dark matter is considered as a fluctuation around the thermal equilibrium, it can be written to a form of logarithmic correction, and the expression of the interaction term can be obtained.
118403322
Reduced modified Chaplygin gas cosmology
A bstractIn this paper, we study cosmologies containing the reduced modified Chaplygin gas (RMCG) fluid which is reduced from the modified Chaplygin gas p = Aρ − Bρ−α for the value of α = −1/2. In this special case, dark cosmological models can be realized for different values of model parameter A. We investigate the viabilities of these dark cosmological models by discussing the evolutions of cosmological quantities and using the currently available cosmic observations. It is shown that the special RMCG model (A = 0 or A = 1) which unifies the dark matter and dark energy should be abandoned. For A = 1/3, RMCG which unifies the dark energy and dark radiation is the favorite model according to the objective Akaike information criteria. In the case of A < 0, RMCG can achieve the features of the dynamical quintessence and phantom models, where the evolution of the universe is not sensitive to the variation of model parameters.
119108135
Lifshitz Scaling Effects on Holographic Superconductors
Via numerical and analytical methods, the effects of the Lifshitz dynamical exponent z on the holographic superconductor models are studied in some detail, including s-wave and p-wave models. Working in the probe limit, we calculate the condensation and conductivity in both Lifshitz black hole and soliton backgrounds with a general z. For both the s-wave and p-wave models in the black hole backgrounds, as z increases, the phase transition becomes difficult and the conductivity is suppressed. For the Lifshitz soliton background, when z increases, the critical chemical potential increases in both the s-wave model (with a fixed mass of the scalar field) and p-wave model. For the p-wave model in both the Lifshitz black hole and soliton backgrounds, the anisotropy between the AC conductivity in different spatial directions is suppressed when z increases. In all cases, we find that the critical exponent of the condensation is always 1/2, independent of z and spacetime dimension. The analytical results from the Sturm-Liouville variational method uphold the numerical calculations. The implications of these results are discussed. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.