( Scientist ( ( ( obtain ( information ( about ( ( the characteristics ) ( of ( ( the ( earth 's ) ) interior ) ) ) ) ) ) ( by ( studying ( earthquake records ) ) ) ) . ) )
(ROOT (S (NP (NNP Scientist)) (VP (VBP obtain) (NP (NP (NN information)) (PP (IN about) (NP (NP (DT the) (NNS characteristics)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN earth) (POS 's)) (NN interior)))))) (PP (IN by) (S (VP (VBG studying) (NP (NN earthquake) (NNS records)))))) (. .)))
Scientist obtain information about the characteristics of the earth's interior by studying earthquake records.
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (NNS Studies)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN earthquake) (NNS waves)))) (VP (VBP have) (VP (VBN helped) (S (NP (NNS scientists)) (VP (VB determine) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN structure)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (NN earth) (POS 's)) (NN interior)))))))) (. .)))
Studies of earthquake waves have helped scientists determine the structure of earth's interior.