( ( In thermodynamics ) ( , ( ( a ( closed system ) ) ( ( can ( ( ( ( ( exchange energy ) ( -LRB- ( ( as ( ( heat or ) work ) ) -RRB- ) ) ) but ) not ) ( ( matter , ) ( with ( its surroundings ) ) ) ) ) . ) ) ) )
(ROOT (S (PP (IN In) (NP (NNS thermodynamics))) (, ,) (NP (DT a) (VBN closed) (NN system)) (VP (MD can) (VP (VP (VB exchange) (NP (NN energy)) (PRN (-LRB- -LRB-) (PP (IN as) (NP (NN heat) (CC or) (NN work))) (-RRB- -RRB-))) (CC but) (RB not) (VP (VB matter) (, ,) (PP (IN with) (NP (PRP$ its) (NNS surroundings)))))) (. .)))
In thermodynamics, a closed system can exchange energy (as heat or work) but not matter, with its surroundings.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT A) (JJ sealed) (, ,) (JJ vacuum-insulated) (NN reaction) (NN flask)) (VP (VBZ approximates) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN condition)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (DT a) (VBN isolated) (NN system)) (, ,) (SBAR (WHPP (IN in) (WHNP (WDT which))) (S (NP (CC neither) (NP (NN matter)) (CC nor) (NP (NN heat))) (VP (MD can) (VP (VB be) (VP (VBN exchanged) (PP (IN between) (NP (NN system) (CC and) (NNS surroundings)))))))))))) (. .)))
A sealed, vacuum-insulated reaction flask approximates the condition of a isolated system, in which neither matter nor heat can be exchanged between system and surroundings.