( ( This expansion ) ( ( ( ( causes ( the light ) ) ( from ( distant stars ) ) ) ( to ( be ( shifted ( towards ( ( the ( red end ) ) ( of ( the spectrum ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . ) )
(ROOT (S (NP (DT This) (NN expansion)) (VP (VBZ causes) (NP (DT the) (NN light)) (PP (IN from) (NP (JJ distant) (NNS stars))) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB be) (VP (VBN shifted) (PP (IN towards) (NP (NP (DT the) (JJ red) (NN end)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NN spectrum)))))))))) (. .)))
This expansion causes the light from distant stars to be shifted towards the red end of the spectrum.
(ROOT (S (NP (NNP Red-shift)) (VP (VBZ refers) (PP (TO to) (NP (NP (DT a) (NN shift)) (PP (IN toward) (NP (NN red))))) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN spectrum)) (PP (IN from) (NP (NNS stars)))))) (. .)))