( ( During ( ( the history ) ( of ( the Earth ) ) ) ) ( there ( ( have ( been ( five ( mass extinctions ) ) ) ) . ) ) )
(ROOT (S (PP (IN During) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN history)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NN Earth))))) (NP (EX there)) (VP (VBP have) (VP (VBN been) (NP (CD five) (JJ mass) (NNS extinctions)))) (. .)))
During the history of the Earth there have been five mass extinctions.
(ROOT (S (NP (CD Five) (JJ mass) (NNS distinctions)) (VP (VBP have) (ADVP (RB radically)) (VP (VBN altered) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN history)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN life)))))) (. .)))