( ( This ( sodium-potassium pump ) ) ( ( is ( ( an example ) ( of ( ( ( active transport ) , ) ( wherein ( ( cell energy ) ( is ( used ( to ( ( move ions ) ( across ( membranes ( against ( ( ( diffusion gradients ) and ) ( the ( Coulomb force ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . ) )
(ROOT (S (NP (DT This) (JJ sodium-potassium) (NN pump)) (VP (VBZ is) (NP (NP (DT an) (NN example)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (JJ active) (NN transport)) (, ,) (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB wherein)) (S (NP (NN cell) (NN energy)) (VP (VBZ is) (VP (VBN used) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB move) (NP (NNS ions)) (PP (IN across) (NP (NP (NNS membranes)) (PP (IN against) (NP (NP (NN diffusion) (NNS gradients)) (CC and) (NP (DT the) (NNP Coulomb) (NN force))))))))))))))))) (. .)))
This sodium-potassium pump is an example of active transport, wherein cell energy is used to move ions across membranes against diffusion gradients and the Coulomb force.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT The) (NN term) (JJ passive) (NN transport)) (VP (VBZ describes) (NP (DT a) (NN way)) (SBAR (IN that) (S (NP (JJ small) (NNS molecules) (CC or) (NNS ions)) (VP (VBP move) (PP (IN across) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN cell)) (VP (VBN membrane) (PP (IN without) (NP (NP (NN input)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN energy))))) (PP (IN by) (NP (DT the) (NN cell)))))))))) (. .)))