( ( ( The ( outer layer ) ) ( of ( the xylem ) ) ) ( ( is ( ( alive and ) ( called sapwood ) ) ) . ) )
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (DT The) (JJ outer) (NN layer)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NN xylem)))) (VP (VBZ is) (UCP (ADJP (JJ alive)) (CC and) (VP (VBN called) (S (ADJP (JJ sapwood)))))) (. .)))
The outer layer of the xylem is alive and called sapwood.
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (DT The) (JJS newest)) (, ,) (NP (NP (JJ outer) (NNS layers)) (PP (IN of) (NP (JJ secondary) (NN xylem))))) (VP (VBP are) (VP (VBN called) (S (ADJP (JJ sapwood))))) (. .)))