( ( Uppercase letters ) ( ( represent pointers ) . ) )
(ROOT (S (NP (JJ Uppercase) (NNS letters)) (VP (VBP represent) (NP (NNS pointers))) (. .)))
Uppercase letters represent pointers.
(ROOT (S (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB When)) (S (VP (VBD represented) (PP (IN by) (NP (DT a) (JJ single) (NN letter)))))) (, ,) (NP (JJ dominant) (NNS alleles)) (VP (VBP are) (VP (VBN represented) (PP (IN by) (NP (JJ uppercase) (NNS letters))))) (. .)))