( ( a -RRB- ) ( ( Primary ( active transport ) ) ( ( directly ( uses ( ( ( the hydrolysis ) ( of ATP ) ) ( to ( generate ( the ( energy ( to ( move ( ( a ( ( molecule or ) ion ) ) ( against ( its ( concentration gradient ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . ) ) )
(ROOT (S (LST (LS a) (-RRB- -RRB-)) (NP (JJ Primary) (JJ active) (NN transport)) (VP (ADVP (RB directly)) (VBZ uses) (NP (NP (DT the) (NNS hydrolysis)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NNP ATP))) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB generate) (NP (DT the) (NN energy) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB move) (NP (NP (DT a) (NN molecule) (CC or) (NN ion)) (PP (IN against) (NP (PRP$ its) (NN concentration) (NN gradient))))))))))))) (. .)))
a) Primary active transport directly uses the hydrolysis of ATP to generate the energy to move a molecule or ion against its concentration gradient.
(ROOT (S (NP (JJ Primary) (JJ active) (NN transport)) (VP (VBZ involves) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN forcing)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT a) (NN substance)))) (PP (IN into) (NP (NP (DT a) (NN cell)) (PP (IN against) (NP (PRP$ its) (NN concentration) (NN gradient)))))) (. .)))