( ( ( ( Active transport ) -- ) ( substance ( ( ( moves up ) ( its ( concentrations gradient ) ) ) ( with ( ( ( help ( of ( `` ( pump ( '' protein ) ) ) ) ) and ) ( expenditure ( of energy ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . )
(ROOT (NP (NP (JJ Active) (NN transport)) (: --) (S (NP (NN substance)) (VP (VBZ moves) (PRT (RP up)) (NP (PRP$ its) (NNS concentrations) (NN gradient)) (PP (IN with) (NP (NP (NP (NN help)) (PP (IN of) (NP (`` ``) (NN pump) ('' '') (NN protein)))) (CC and) (NP (NP (NN expenditure)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN energy)))))))) (. .)))
Active transport -- substance moves up its concentrations gradient with help of &quot;pump&quot; protein and expenditure of energy.
(ROOT (S (NP (NNP Passive) (NN transport)) (VP (VP (VBZ requires) (NP (DT no) (NN energy))) (CC and) (VP (VBZ occurs) (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB when)) (S (NP (NNS substances)) (VP (VBP move) (PP (IN from) (NP (NP (NNS areas)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (JJR higher)) (PP (TO to) (NP (JJR lower) (NN concentration)))))))))))) (. .)))