( ( ( ( ( Many ( of ( these substances ) ) ) ( are ( transported ( by ( active transport ) ) ) ) ) and ) ( energy ( is required ) ) ) . )
(ROOT (S (S (NP (NP (JJ Many)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT these) (NNS substances)))) (VP (VBP are) (VP (VBN transported) (PP (IN by) (NP (JJ active) (NN transport)))))) (CC and) (S (NP (NN energy)) (VP (VBZ is) (VP (VBN required)))) (. .)))
Many of these substances are transported by active transport and energy is required.
(ROOT (S (NP (NNP Passive) (NN transport)) (VP (VP (VBZ requires) (NP (DT no) (NN energy))) (CC and) (VP (VBZ occurs) (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB when)) (S (NP (NNS substances)) (VP (VBP move) (PP (IN from) (NP (NP (NNS areas)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (JJR higher)) (PP (TO to) (NP (JJR lower) (NN concentration)))))))))))) (. .)))