( ( ( ( ( ( The length ) ( of ( these cables ) ) ) ( has ( been ( increased ( to ( the ( extent possible ) ) ) ) ) ) ) and ) ( ( ( the ( effective cross-section ) ) ( of ( copper conductors ) ) ) ( has ( been ( reduced ( using ( ( high ( thermal ( impedance ( metallic conductors ) ) ) ) ( where ( possible ( to ( decrease ( this ( heat leak ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . )
(ROOT (S (S (NP (NP (DT The) (NN length)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT these) (NNS cables)))) (VP (VBZ has) (VP (VBN been) (VP (VBN increased) (PP (TO to) (NP (DT the) (NN extent) (JJ possible))))))) (CC and) (S (NP (NP (DT the) (JJ effective) (NN cross-section)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NN copper) (NNS conductors)))) (VP (VBZ has) (VP (VBN been) (VP (VBN reduced) (S (VP (VBG using) (NP (NP (JJ high) (JJ thermal) (JJ impedance) (JJ metallic) (NNS conductors)) (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB where)) (S (NP (JJ possible)) (VP (TO to) (VP (VB decrease) (NP (DT this) (NN heat) (NN leak))))))))))))) (. .)))
The length of these cables has been increased to the extent possible and the effective cross-section of copper conductors has been reduced using high thermal impedance metallic conductors where possible to decrease this heat leak.
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (DT A) (-LRB- -LRB-) (NN n) (-RRB- -RRB-) (NN increase)) (PP (IN in) (NP (NN length)))) (VP (VBZ happens) (PP (TO to) (NP (NN metal) (NN railroad) (NNS tracks))) (PP (IN during) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN heat)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT a) (NN summer) (NN day)))))) (. .)))