( ( ( These rules ) ( apply ( to ( simple ions ) ) ) ) ( , ( ( called ( ( ( monatomic ions ) , ) ( formed ( by ( ( ( ( adding electrons ) to ) or ) ( ( removing them ) ( from ( a ( single atom ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . ) ) )
(ROOT (SINV (S (NP (DT These) (NNS rules)) (VP (VBP apply) (PP (TO to) (NP (JJ simple) (NNS ions))))) (, ,) (VP (VBD called)) (NP (NP (JJ monatomic) (NNS ions)) (, ,) (VP (VBN formed) (PP (IN by) (S (VP (VP (VBG adding) (NP (NNS electrons)) (PP (TO to))) (CC or) (VP (VBG removing) (NP (PRP them)) (PP (IN from) (NP (DT a) (JJ single) (NN atom))))))))) (. .)))
These rules apply to simple ions, called monatomic ions, formed by adding electrons to or removing them from a single atom.
(ROOT (S (NP (JJ Monatomic) (NNS ions)) (VP (VBP form) (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB when)) (S (NP (DT a) (JJ single) (NN atom)) (VP (VBZ gains) (CC or) (VBZ loses) (NP (NNS electrons)))))) (. .)))