( ( ( ( ( ( ( Trees and ) shrubs ) ( that ( ( lose ( their leaves ) ) ( every year ) ) ) ) , ) ( deciduous plants ) ) , ) ( ( ( ( have ( ( characteristic ( leaf scars ) ) ( with ( ( ( ( ( dormant , ) or ) ( not active ) ) , ) ( axillary buds ) ) ) ) ) directly ) ( above them ) ) . ) )
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (NP (NNS Trees) (CC and) (NNS shrubs)) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT that)) (S (VP (VBP lose) (NP (PRP$ their) (NNS leaves)) (NP (DT every) (NN year)))))) (, ,) (NP (JJ deciduous) (NNS plants)) (, ,)) (VP (VBP have) (NP (NP (JJ characteristic) (NN leaf) (NNS scars)) (PP (IN with) (NP (ADJP (ADJP (JJ dormant)) (, ,) (CC or) (ADJP (RB not) (JJ active)) (, ,)) (NN axillary) (NNS buds)))) (ADVP (RB directly)) (PP (IN above) (NP (PRP them)))) (. .)))
Trees and shrubs that lose their leaves every year, deciduous plants, have characteristic leaf scars with dormant, or not active, axillary buds directly above them.
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (DT A) (-LRB- -LRB-) (NN n) (-RRB- -RRB-)) (NP (DT an) (JJ axillary) (NN bud))) (VP (VBZ is) (PP (IN above) (NP (DT each) (NN leaf) (NN scar)))) (. .)))