( ( ( The increase ) ( in ( ( ( ( volume , ) and ) ( thus ( in ( ( the height ) ( of ( the ( liquid column ) ) ) ) ) ) ) , ) ) ) ( ( is ( proportional ( to ( ( the increase ) ( in temperature ) ) ) ) ) . ) )
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (DT The) (NN increase)) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (NN volume)) (, ,) (CC and) (ADVP (RB thus) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN height)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (JJ liquid) (NN column)))))) (, ,)))) (VP (VBZ is) (ADJP (JJ proportional) (PP (TO to) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN increase)) (PP (IN in) (NP (NN temperature))))))) (. .)))
The increase in volume, and thus in the height of the liquid column, is proportional to the increase in temperature.
(ROOT (S (PP (IN As) (NP (NN temperature) (NNS increases))) (, ,) (NP (NN volume)) (VP (VBZ increases)) (. .)))