( ( ( ( ( ( Genetic traits ) ( that ( ( aid ( the organism ) ) ( in ( ( ( surviving and ) reproducing ) ( in ( its environment ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ( are ( called adaptations ) ) ) -- ) ( adaptations ( , ( ( by definition ) ( , ( ( ( have ( high fitness ) ) and ) ( are ( favored ( by ( natural selection ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . )
(ROOT (S (S (NP (NP (JJ Genetic) (NNS traits)) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT that)) (S (VP (VB aid) (NP (DT the) (NN organism)) (PP (IN in) (S (VP (VBG surviving) (CC and) (VBG reproducing) (PP (IN in) (NP (PRP$ its) (NN environment)))))))))) (VP (VBP are) (VP (VBN called) (NP (NNS adaptations))))) (: --) (S (NP (NNS adaptations)) (, ,) (PP (IN by) (NP (NN definition))) (, ,) (VP (VP (VBP have) (NP (JJ high) (NN fitness))) (CC and) (VP (VBP are) (VP (VBN favored) (PP (IN by) (NP (JJ natural) (NN selection))))))) (. .)))
Genetic traits that aid the organism in surviving and reproducing in its environment are called adaptations -- adaptations, by definition, have high fitness and are favored by natural selection.
(ROOT (S (NP (JJ Natural) (NN selection)) (VP (VBZ is) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN process)) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT that)) (S (VP (VBZ allows) (NP (NNS organisms)) (PP (IN with) (NP (JJR better) (NNS traits) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB survive) (CC and) (VB produce))))))))))) (. .)))