( Emphysema ( ( causes ( irreversible ( lung damage ) ) ) . ) )
(ROOT (S (NP (NNP Emphysema)) (VP (VBZ causes) (NP (JJ irreversible) (NN lung) (NN damage))) (. .)))
Emphysema causes irreversible lung damage.
(ROOT (S (NP (NNP Pneumonia) (CC and) (NN emphysema) (NNS illnesses)) (VP (VBP are) (VP (VBN caused) (PP (IN by) (NP (NN damage))) (PP (TO to) (NP (NP (DT the) (NNS alveoli)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NNS lungs))))))) (. .)))