( ( ( Pneumonia and ) emphysema ) ( ( are ( ( caused ( by damage ) ) ( to ( ( the alveoli ) ( of ( the lungs ) ) ) ) ) ) . ) )
(ROOT (S (NP (NNP Pneumonia) (CC and) (NNP emphysema)) (VP (VBP are) (VP (VBN caused) (PP (IN by) (NP (NN damage))) (PP (TO to) (NP (NP (DT the) (NNS alveoli)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NNS lungs))))))) (. .)))
Pneumonia and emphysema are caused by damage to the alveoli of the lungs.
(ROOT (S (NP (NNP Pneumonia) (CC and) (NN emphysema) (NNS illnesses)) (VP (VBP are) (VP (VBN caused) (PP (IN by) (NP (NN damage))) (PP (TO to) (NP (NP (DT the) (NNS alveoli)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (NNS lungs))))))) (. .)))