( Fluorescence ( ( in ( ( situ hybridization ) ( -LRB- ( FISH -RRB- ) ) ) ) ( ( ( A ( molecular ( cytogenetic technique ) ) ) ( using ( a ( specific DNA ) ) ) ) ( ( probe ( to ( ( ( hybridize ( the ( chromosome spread ) ) ) ( -LRB- ( ( ( interphase or ) metaphase ) -RRB- ) ) ) ( to ( detect ( ( ( a mutation ) ( -LRB- ( ( ( deletion or ) duplication ) -RRB- ) ) ) ( that ( ( may not ) ( be ( visible ( by ( routine ( cytogenetic methods ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . ) ) ) )
(ROOT (S (ADVP (RB Fluorescence)) (PP (IN in) (NP (NP (JJ situ) (NN hybridization)) (PRN (-LRB- -LRB-) (NP (NNP FISH)) (-RRB- -RRB-)))) (NP (NP (DT A) (JJ molecular) (JJ cytogenetic) (NN technique)) (VP (VBG using) (NP (DT a) (JJ specific) (NN DNA)))) (VP (VBP probe) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB hybridize) (NP (DT the) (NN chromosome) (NN spread)) (PRN (-LRB- -LRB-) (ADJP (JJ interphase) (CC or) (JJ metaphase)) (-RRB- -RRB-)) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB detect) (NP (NP (DT a) (NN mutation)) (PRN (-LRB- -LRB-) (NP (NN deletion) (CC or) (NNS duplication)) (-RRB- -RRB-)) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT that)) (S (VP (MD may) (RB not) (VP (VB be) (ADJP (JJ visible) (PP (IN by) (NP (JJ routine) (JJ cytogenetic) (NNS methods)))))))))))))))) (. .)))
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) A molecular cytogenetic technique using a specific DNA probe to hybridize the chromosome spread (interphase or metaphase) to detect a mutation (deletion or duplication) that may not be visible by routine cytogenetic methods.
(ROOT (S (NP (DT The) (NNS chromosomes)) (VP (VB duplicate) (PP (IN in) (NP (DT the) (JJ interphase) (NN phase)))) (. .)))