( ( These ( outer layers ) ) ( ( ( ( ( are ( ( ( called ( the mantle ) ) and ) crust ) ) , ) or ) lithosphere ) . ) )
(ROOT (S (NP (DT These) (JJ outer) (NNS layers)) (VP (VP (VBP are) (VP (VP (VBN called) (NP (DT the) (NN mantle))) (CC and) (VP (NN crust)))) (, ,) (CC or) (VP (VBD lithosphere))) (. .)))
These outer layers are called the mantle and crust, or lithosphere.
(ROOT (S (NP (NNP Mantle)) (VP (VBZ is) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN layer)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (NN tissue)) (PP (IN between) (NP (DT the) (NN body) (CC and) (NN shell))))))) (. .)))