( ( ( ( The brain ) and ) ( the ( spinal cord ) ) ) ( ( are ( surrounded ( by ( ( three membranes ) ( called ( ( meninges , ) ( which ( serve ( a ( protective function ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . ) )
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (DT The) (NN brain)) (CC and) (NP (DT the) (JJ spinal) (NN cord))) (VP (VBP are) (VP (VBN surrounded) (PP (IN by) (NP (NP (CD three) (NNS membranes)) (VP (VBN called) (NP (NP (NNS meninges)) (, ,) (SBAR (WHNP (WDT which)) (S (VP (VBP serve) (NP (DT a) (JJ protective) (NN function))))))))))) (. .)))
The brain and the spinal cord are surrounded by three membranes called meninges , which serve a protective function.
(ROOT (S (NP (NP (DT The) (CD three) (NNS layers)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NP (JJ protective) (NNS coverings)) (PP (IN of) (NP (DT the) (JJ spinal) (NN cord)))))) (VP (VBZ is) (VP (VBN called) (NP (DT the) (NNS meninges)))) (. .)))