( ( During ( a ( total ( lunar eclipse ) ) ) ) ( , ( ( the Earth ) ( ( ( ( ( lies directly ) ( between ( ( ( the sun ) and ) ( the moon ) ) ) ) , ) ( causing ( the ( Earth ( to ( ( cast ( its shadow ) ) ( on ( the moon ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) . ) ) ) )
(ROOT (S (PP (IN During) (NP (DT a) (JJ total) (NN lunar) (NN eclipse))) (, ,) (NP (DT the) (NN Earth)) (VP (VBZ lies) (ADVP (RB directly)) (PP (IN between) (NP (NP (DT the) (NN sun)) (CC and) (NP (DT the) (NN moon)))) (, ,) (S (VP (VBG causing) (NP (DT the) (NN Earth) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB cast) (NP (PRP$ its) (NN shadow)) (PP (IN on) (NP (DT the) (NN moon)))))))))) (. .)))
During a total lunar eclipse, the Earth lies directly between the sun and the moon, causing the Earth to cast its shadow on the moon.
(ROOT (S (SBAR (WHADVP (WRB When)) (S (NP (NP (NN earth) (POS 's)) (NN shadow)) (VP (VBZ falls) (PP (IN on) (NP (DT the) (NN moon)))))) (, ,) (NP (DT the) (NN shadow)) (VP (VBZ causes) (NP (DT a) (NN lunar) (NN eclipse))) (. .)))
When earth’s shadow falls on the moon, the shadow causes a lunar eclipse.