Jesus was not killed for blasphemy or for calling himself God at all, the Jews are perfectly able to stone a blasphemer to death themselves as they often do metaphorically with our economy !. The gospels recount multiple occasions religious authorities do try to have Jesus stoned for blasphemy, but the fact that Jesus somehow manages to keep slipping and still gather a movement of devout Jews to follow him despite his blasphemy lends credence to the probability that these stories aren't true.