text: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
  
      This Act may be cited as the ``Global Nuclear Security Initiative 
  Act of 2002''.
  
  SEC. 2. SECURITY OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND FACILITIES WORLDWIDE.
  
      (a) Sense of Congress on Program To Secure Stockpiles of Highly 
  Enriched Uranium and Plutonium.--(1) It is the sense of Congress that 
  the Secretary of Energy, in consultation with the Secretary of State 
  and Secretary of Defense, should develop a comprehensive program of 
  activities to encourage all countries with nuclear materials to adhere 
  to, or to adopt standards equivalent to, the International Atomic 
  Energy Agency standard on The Physical Protection of Nuclear Material 
  and Nuclear Facilities (INFCIRC/225/Rev.4), relating to the security of 
  stockpiles of highly enriched uranium (HEU) and plutonium (Pu).
      (2) To the maximum extent practicable, the program should be 
  developed in consultation with the Russian Federation, other Group of 8 
  countries, and other allies of the United States.
      (3) Activities under the program may include specific, targeted 
  incentives intended to encourage countries that cannot undertake the 
  expense of conforming to the standard referred to in paragraph (1) to 
  relinquish their highly enriched uranium or plutonium, including 
  incentives in which a country, group of countries, or international 
  body--
              (A) purchases such materials and provides for their 
          security (including by removal to another location);
              (B) undertakes the costs of decommissioning facilities that 
          house such materials;
              (C) in the case of research reactors, converts such 
          reactors to low-enriched uranium reactors; or
              (D) upgrades the security of facilities that house such 
          materials in order to meet stringent security standards that 
          are established for purposes of the program based upon agreed 
          best practices.
      (b) Study of Program To Secure Certain Radiological Materials.--(1) 
  The Secretary of Energy, acting through the Administrator for Nuclear 
  Security, shall require the Office of International Materials 
  Protection, Control, and Accounting of the Department of Energy to 
  conduct a study to determine the feasibility and advisability of 
  developing a program to secure radiological materials outside the 
  United States that pose a threat to the national security of the United 
  States.
      (2) The study under paragraph (1) shall include the following:
              (A) An identification of the categories of radiological 
          materials that are covered by that paragraph, including an 
          order of priority for securing each category of such 
          radiological materials.
              (B) An estimate of the number of sites at which such 
          radiological materials are present.
              (C) An assessment of the effort required to secure such 
          radiological materials at such sites, including--
                      (i) a description of the security upgrades, if any, 
                  that are required at such sites;
                      (ii) an assessment of the costs of securing such 
                  radiological materials at such sites;
                      (iii) a description of any cost-sharing 
                  arrangements to defray such costs;
                      (iv) a description of any legal impediments to such 
                  effort, including a description of means of overcoming 
                  such impediments; and
                      (v) a description of the coordination required for 
                  such effort among appropriate United States Government 
                  entities (including the Nuclear Regulatory Commission), 
                  participating countries, and international bodies 
                  (including the International Atomic Energy Agency).
              (D) A description of the pilot project undertaken in 
          Russia.
      (3) In identifying categories of radiological materials under 
  paragraph (2)(A), the Secretary shall take into account matters 
  relating to specific activity, half-life, radiation type and energy, 
  attainability, difficulty of handling, and toxicity, and such other 
  matters as the Secretary considers appropriate.
      (4) Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this 
  Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on the study 
  conducted under this subsection. The report shall include the matters 
  specified under paragraph (2) and such other matters, including 
  recommendations, as the Secretary considers appropriate as a result of 
  the study.
      (5) In this subsection, the term ``radiological material'' means 
  any radioactive material, other than plutonium or uranium enriched 
  above 20 percent uranium-235.
      (c) Study of Actions To Address Terrorist Threat to Nuclear Power 
  Plants Outside the United States.--(1) The Secretary of Energy shall, 
  in consultation with the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the 
  International Atomic Energy Agency, conduct a study of the feasibility 
  and advisability of various actions to reduce the risks associated with 
  terrorist attacks on nuclear power plants outside the United States.
      (2) Not later than nine months after the date of the enactment of 
  this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on the 
  results of the study under paragraph (1). The report shall include the 
  following:
              (A) A description of the actions studied.
              (B) An assessment of the feasibility and advisability of 
          undertaking one or more such actions.
              (C) Any other matters, including recommendations, that the 
          Secretary considers appropriate.
      (d) Amendment of Convention on Physical Protection of Nuclear 
  Materials.--(1) It is the sense of Congress that the President should 
  encourage amendment of the Convention on the Physical Protection of 
  Nuclear Materials in order to provide that the Convention shall--
              (A) apply to both the domestic and international use and 
          transport of nuclear materials;
              (B) incorporate fundamental practices for the physical 
          protection of such materials; and
              (C) address protection against sabotage involving nuclear 
          materials.
      (2) In this subsection, the term ``Convention on the Physical 
  Protection of Nuclear Materials'' means the Convention on the Physical 
  Protection of Nuclear Materials, With Annex, done at Vienna on October 
  26, 1979.
target: Global Nuclear Security Initiative Act of 2002 - Expresses the sense of Congress that the Secretary of Energy should develop a comprehensive program of activities to encourage all countries with nuclear materials to adhere to, or adopt standards equivalent to, the International Atomic Energy Agency standard on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities relating to the security of stockpiles of highly enriched uranium and plutonium. Directs the Secretary to require the Office of International Materials Protection, Control, and Accounting of the Department of Energy to conduct a study of the feasibility and advisability of developing a program to secure radiological materials outside the United States that pose a threat to U.S. national security. Requires the Secretary to report to Congress on: (1) such study's results; and (2) results of a study by the Secretary of the feasibility and advisability of various actions to reduce the risks associated with terrorist attacks on nuclear power plants outside the United States.Expresses the sense of Congress that the President should encourage amendment of the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Materials to make it: (1) apply to both domestic and international use and transport of nuclear materials; (2) incorporate fundamental practices for the physical protection of such materials; and (3) address protection against sabotage involving nuclear materials.
feat_title: To encourage and facilitate the security of nuclear materials and facilities worldwide.