text: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
  
      This Act may be cited as the ``Stop Turning Out Prisoners Act''.
  
  SEC. 2. APPROPRIATE REMEDIES FOR PRISON CONDITIONS.
  
      (a) In General.--Section 3626 of title 18, United States Code, is 
  amended to read as follows:
  ``Sec. 3626. Appropriate remedies with respect to prison crowding
      ``(a) Requirements for Relief.--
              ``(1) Limitations on prospective relief.--Prospective 
          relief in a civil action with respect to prison conditions 
          shall extend no further than necessary to remove the conditions 
          that are causing the deprivation of the Federal rights of 
          individual plaintiffs in that civil action. The court shall not 
          grant or approve any prospective relief unless the court finds 
          that such relief is narrowly drawn and the least intrusive 
          means to remedy the violation of the Federal right. In 
          determining the intrusiveness of the relief, the court shall 
          give substantial weight to any adverse impact on public safety 
          or the operation of a criminal justice system caused by the 
          relief.
              ``(2) Prison population reduction relief.--In any civil 
          action with respect to prison conditions, the court shall not 
          grant or approve any relief whose purpose or effect is to 
          reduce or limit the prison population, unless the plaintiff 
          proves that crowding is the primary cause of the deprivation of 
          the Federal right and no other relief will remedy that 
          deprivation.
      ``(b) Termination of Relief.--
              ``(1) Automatic termination of prospective relief after 2-
          year period.--In any civil action with respect to prison 
          conditions, any prospective relief shall automatically 
          terminate 2 years after the later of--
                      ``(A) the date the court found the violation of a 
                  Federal right that was the basis for the relief; or
                      ``(B) the date of the enactment of the Stop Turning 
                  Out Prisoners Act.
              ``(2) Immediate termination of prospective relief.--In any 
          civil action with respect to prison conditions, a defendant or 
          intervenor shall be entitled to the immediate termination of 
          any prospective relief, if that relief was approved or granted 
          in the absence of a finding by the court that prison conditions 
          violated a Federal right.
      ``(c) Procedure for Motions Affecting Prospective Relief.--
              ``(1) Generally.--The court shall promptly rule on any 
          motion to modify or terminate prospective relief in a civil 
          action with respect to prison conditions.
              ``(2) Automatic stay.--Any prospective relief subject to a 
          pending motion shall be automatically stayed during the 
          period--
                      ``(A) beginning on the 30th day after such motion 
                  is filed, in the case of a motion made under subsection 
                  (b); and
                      ``(B) beginning on the 180th day after such motion 
                  is filed, in the case of a motion made under any other 
                  law;
          and ending on the date the court enters a final order ruling on 
          that motion.
      ``(d) Standing.--Any Federal, State, or local official or unit of 
  government--
              ``(1) whose jurisdiction or function includes the 
          prosecution or custody of persons in a prison subject to; or
              ``(2) who otherwise is or may be affected by;
  any relief whose purpose or effect is to reduce or limit the prison 
  population shall have standing to oppose the imposition or continuation 
  in effect of that relief and may intervene in any proceeding relating 
  to that relief. Standing shall be liberally conferred under this 
  subsection so as to effectuate the remedial purposes of this section.
      ``(e) Special Masters.--In any civil action in a Federal court with 
  respect to prison conditions, any special master or monitor shall be a 
  United States magistrate and shall make proposed findings on the record 
  on complicated factual issues submitted to that special master or 
  monitor by the court, but shall have no other function. The parties may 
  not by consent extend the function of a special master beyond that 
  permitted under this subsection.
      ``(f) Attorney's Fees.--No attorney's fee under section 722 of the 
  Revised Statutes of the United States (42 U.S.C. 1988) may be granted 
  to a plaintiff in a civil action with respect to prison conditions 
  except to the extent such fee is--
              ``(1) directly and reasonably incurred in proving an actual 
          violation of the plaintiff's federal rights; and
              ``(2) proportionally related to the extent the plaintiff 
          obtains court ordered relief for that violation.''.
      ``(g) Definitions.--As used in this section--
              ``(1) the term `prison' means any Federal, State, or local 
          facility that incarcerates or detains juveniles or adults 
          accused of, convicted of, sentenced for, or adjudicated 
          delinquent for, violations of criminal law;
              ``(2) the term `relief' means all relief in any form which 
          may be granted or approved by the court, and includes consent 
          decrees and settlement agreements; and
              ``(3) the term `prospective relief' means all relief other 
          than compensatory monetary damages.''
      (b) Application of Amendment.--Section 3626 of title 18, United 
  States Code, as amended by this section, shall apply with respect to 
  all relief (as defined in such section) whether such relief was 
  originally granted or approved before, on, or after the date of the 
  enactment of this Act.
target: Stop Turning Out Prisoners Act - Revises provisions of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 regarding judicial remedies with respect to prison conditions. 
  Specifies that prospective relief in a civil action with respect to prison conditions shall extend no further than necessary to remove the conditions that are causing the deprivation of the Federal rights of individual plaintiffs in that action.  Prohibits the court from granting or approving any prospective relief unless it finds that the relief is narrowly drawn and the least intrusive means to remedy the violation of the Federal right.  Directs the court, in determining the intrusiveness of the relief, to give substantial weight to any adverse impact on public safety or the operation of a criminal justice system caused by the relief. 
  Prohibits the court, in any such action, from granting or approving any relief whose purpose or effect is to reduce or limit the prison population unless the plaintiff proves that crowding is the primary cause of the deprivation of the Federal right and no other relief will remedy that deprivation. 
  Sets forth provisions regarding:  (1) termination of relief (including provision for the automatic termination of prospective relief after a two-year period); (2) procedure for motions affecting prospective relief; (3) standing (grants standing to specified Federal, State, or local officials to oppose the imposition or continuation in effect of relief the purpose or effect of which is to reduce or limit the prison population and to intervene in any proceeding relating to that relief); (4) special masters; and (5) attorney's fees.
feat_title: Stop Turning Out Prisoners Act