text: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
  
      (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Lebanon and Syria 
  Liberation Act''.
      (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as 
  follows:
  
  Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
  Sec. 2. Definitions.
      TITLE I--STRENGTHENING OF INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST SYRIA
  
  Sec. 101. Declarations of policy.
  Sec. 102. Codification of existing sanctions.
  Sec. 103. Sanctions against certain persons.
  Sec. 104. Sanctions against certain foreign countries.
  Sec. 105. Diplomatic efforts.
  Sec. 106. Report on assistance to, and commerce with, Syria.
  TITLE II--ASSISTANCE TO SUPPORT DEMOCRACY IN SYRIA AND SOVEREIGNTY AND 
                            DEMOCRACY IN LEBANON
  
  Sec. 201. Declarations of policy.
  Sec. 202. Assistance to support a transition to democracy in Syria and 
                              restoration of sovereign democratic 
                              governance in Lebanon.
  
  SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.
  
      In this Act:
              (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
          ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                      (A) the Committee on International Relations and 
                  the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
                  Representatives; and
                      (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 
                  Committee on Appropriations of the Senate.
              (2) Person.--The term ``person'' means any United States or 
          foreign individual, partnership, corporation, or other form of 
          association, or any of their successor entities, parents or 
          subsidiaries.
              (3) Syria.--The term ``Syria'' includes any agency or 
          instrumentality of Syria.
              (4) United states assistance.--The term ``United States 
          assistance'' means--
                      (A) any assistance under the Foreign Assistance Act 
                  of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2251 et seq.), other than urgent 
                  humanitarian assistance or medicine;
                      (B) sales and assistance under the Arms Export 
                  Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.);
                      (C) financing by the Commodity Credit Corporation 
                  for export sales of agricultural commodities; and
                      (D) financing under the Export-Import Bank Act of 
                  1945 (12 U.S.C. 635 et seq.).
  
      TITLE I--STRENGTHENING OF INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST SYRIA
  
  SEC. 101. DECLARATIONS OF POLICY.
  
      Congress makes the following declarations of policy:
              (1) The actions of the Government of the Syrian Arab 
          Republic, including its support for terrorism, its development 
          of long-range missiles and weapons of mass destruction programs 
          and capabilities, its continued occupation of the Lebanese 
          Republic in violation of its international obligations, its 
          support for, and facilitation of, all terrorist activities 
          inside of Iraq, and its massive, systematic, and extraordinary 
          violations of human rights of both the Syrian and Lebanese 
          people, are a threat to the national security interests of the 
          United States and international peace.
              (2) The policy of the United States shall be to deny Syria 
          the ability to carry out the following:
                      (A) To finance, provide safe-haven, or otherwise 
                  support terrorist organizations.
                      (B) To develop biological, chemical, or nuclear 
                  weapons and long-range ballistic missiles.
                      (C) To continue to occupy and otherwise interfere 
                  in the affairs of the Government of Lebanon in 
                  contravention of United Nations Security Council 
                  Resolutions 425 (1978), 426 (1978), 520 (1982), and 
                  1559 (2004), and other pertinent obligations.
                      (D) To continue to oppress the people of Syria.
              (3) The President should advocate for, and should instruct 
          the United States Permanent Representative to the United 
          Nations to propose and seek within the United Nations Security 
          Council, a mandatory international embargo against the 
          Government of Syria, pursuant to Article 41 of the Charter of 
          the United Nations.
              (4) Any effort by a country that is a recipient of United 
          States foreign assistance to facilitate, directly or 
          indirectly, the development of Syria's nuclear, biological, or 
          chemical weapons capabilities, long-range ballistic missile 
          development programs, or to help make operational any nuclear 
          facility in Syria will have a detrimental impact on United 
          States assistance to such country.
  
  SEC. 102. CODIFICATION OF EXISTING SANCTIONS.
  
      United States sanctions, controls, and regulations relating to 
  Syria and persons who are determined to be facilitating the Government 
  of Syria, as in effect on the date of the enactment of this Act, shall 
  remain in effect until the President certifies to the appropriate 
  congressional committees that--
              (1) a government exists in Syria that--
                      (A) has ceased any and all support for terrorism;
                      (B) has permanently dismantled Syria's biological, 
                  chemical, or nuclear weapons programs and has committed 
                  to combat the proliferation of such weapons;
                      (C) has withdrawn from Lebanon and respects the 
                  boundaries and sovereignty of all neighboring 
                  countries; and
                      (D) upholds and defends human rights and civil 
                  liberties; and
              (2) sovereignty has been restored to Lebanon and there 
          exists a freely-elected, internationally recognized democratic 
          government in Lebanon.
  
  SEC. 103. SANCTIONS AGAINST CERTAIN PERSONS.
  
      (a) Prohibition.--If any person knowingly transfers or retransfers 
  goods or technology so as to contribute to the efforts by Syria to 
  acquire or develop destabilizing numbers and types of advanced 
  conventional weapons, or to acquire, develop, produce, or stockpile 
  biological, chemical, or nuclear weapons and long-range ballistic 
  missiles, then the sanctions described in subsection (b) shall be 
  imposed.
      (b) Sanctions.--The sanctions to be imposed pursuant to subsection 
  (a) are as follows:
              (1) Procurement sanction.--The United States Government 
          shall not procure, or enter into any contract for the 
          procurement of, any goods or services from the sanctioned 
          person.
              (2) Export sanction.--The United States Government shall 
          not issue any license for any export by or to the sanctioned 
          person.
              (3) Import sanction.--The President shall ban the 
          importation of any article that is a product of the sanctioned 
          person.
  
  SEC. 104. SANCTIONS AGAINST CERTAIN FOREIGN COUNTRIES.
  
      (a) Prohibition.--If the President determines that the government 
  of any foreign country knowingly transfers or retransfers goods or 
  technology, or provides assistance, so as to contribute to the efforts 
  by Syria to acquire or develop destabilizing numbers and types of 
  advanced conventional weapons, or to acquire, develop, produce, or 
  stockpile biological, chemical, or nuclear weapons and long-range 
  ballistic missiles, then two or more of the sanctions described in 
  subsection (b), and the sanctions described in subsection (c), shall be 
  imposed.
      (b) Sanctions.--The sanctions referred to in subsection (a) are as 
  follows:
              (1) Suspension of united states assistance.--The United 
          States Government shall suspend United States assistance to the 
          sanctioned country.
              (2) Export sanction.--The United States Government shall 
          not issue any license for any export by or to the sanctioned 
          country.
              (3) Import sanction.--The President shall ban the 
          importation of any article that is a product of the sanctioned 
          country.
              (4) International financial institution assistance.--The 
          Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States 
          Executive Director at each international financial institution 
          (as defined in section 1701(c)(2) of the International 
          Financial Institutions Act) to oppose and vote against the 
          extension by such institution of any financial or technical 
          assistance to the sanctioned country.
              (5) Suspension of codevelopment or coproduction 
          agreements.--The United States shall suspend compliance with 
          its obligations under any memorandum of understanding with the 
          sanctioned country for the codevelopment or coproduction of any 
          item on the United States Munitions List (established under 
          section 38 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2778)), 
          including any obligation for implementation of the memorandum 
          of understanding through the sale to the sanctioned country of 
          technical data or assistance or the licensing for export to the 
          sanctioned country of any component part.
              (6) United states munitions list.--No item on the United 
          States Munitions List (established pursuant to section 38 of 
          the Arms Export Control Act) may be exported to the sanctioned 
          country.
      (c) Suspension of Military and Dual-Use Technical Exchange 
  Agreements.--The United States shall suspend compliance with its 
  obligations under any technical exchange agreement involving military 
  and dual-use technology between the United States and the sanctioned 
  country that does not directly contribute to the security of the United 
  States, and no military or dual-use technology may be exported from the 
  United States to the sanctioned country pursuant to that agreement 
  during that period.
  
  SEC. 105. DIPLOMATIC EFFORTS.
  
      (a) Bilateral Efforts.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
  Secretary of State should ensure that United States diplomatic 
  personnel abroad understand and, in their contacts with foreign 
  officials, are communicating the reasons for United States policy and 
  sanctions against the Government of Syria, and are urging foreign 
  governments to cooperate more effectively with the Government of the 
  United States.
      (b) United Nations System.--The President shall direct the United 
  States Permanent Representative to the United Nations, United Nations 
  organizations and entities, and United Nations affiliated agencies and 
  bodies, to continue to use the voice and vote of the United States to 
  oppose Syria's membership and candidacy for leadership posts in such 
  institutions, and engage in diplomatic efforts to secure multilateral 
  support for such efforts.
      (c) United Nations Commission on Human Rights.--The President shall 
  take the necessary steps to secure support for a resolution at the 
  United Nations Commission on Human Rights holding the the Government of 
  Syria accountable for its systematic violations of human rights of 
  Syrian and Lebanese citizens and calling for the appointment of a 
  United Nations Special Rapporteur to investigate these human rights 
  violations.
      (d) International Financial Institutions.--The President shall 
  instruct the United States Executive Director at each international 
  financial institution (as defined in section 1701(c)(2) of the 
  International Financial Institutions Act) to use the voice and vote of 
  the United States to oppose any loan or other assistance to Syria and 
  to oppose Syria's membership in the institution.
      (e) International Atomic Energy Agency.--The President shall 
  instruct the United States Permanent Representative to the 
  International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to seek the adoption of a 
  resolution calling on Syria to declare all nuclear related facilities, 
  immediately and unconditionally suspend any activity which could be 
  used to develop nuclear weapons capability, and provide full access to 
  IAEA inspectors to its nuclear-related facilities.
      (f) United States and Regional Contact Groups.--The President shall 
  seek to establish contact groups with relevant countries in the Middle 
  East to provide forums in which United States officials who are 
  responsible for counter-proliferation efforts are able to meet, at 
  least twice each year, with their counterpart from such countries to--
              (1) discuss the global threats presented by Iranian nuclear 
          proliferation and sponsorship of international terrorism; and
              (2) develop strategies to effectively address these 
          threats.
  
  SEC. 106. REPORT ON ASSISTANCE TO, AND COMMERCE WITH, SYRIA.
  
      (a) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment 
  of this Act, and on an annual basis thereafter, the President shall 
  transmit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on 
  assistance to, and commerce with, Syria by other foreign countries 
  during the preceding 12-month period.
      (b) Contents.--Each report required by subsection (a) shall, for 
  the period covered by the report, contain the following information, to 
  the extent such information is available:
              (1) A description of all bilateral assistance provided to 
          Syria by other foreign countries, including humanitarian 
          assistance.
              (2) A description of Syria's commerce with foreign 
          countries, including an identification of Syria's trading 
          partners and the extent of such trade.
              (3) A description of the joint ventures completed, or under 
          consideration, by foreign nationals and business firms 
          involving facilities in Syria, including an identification of 
          the location of the facilities involved and a description of 
          the terms of agreement of the joint ventures and the names of 
          the parties that are involved.
              (4) A determination of the amount of debt of the Government 
          of Syria that is owed to each foreign country, including--
                      (A) the amount of debt exchanged, forgiven, or 
                  reduced under the terms of each investment or operation 
                  in Syria involving foreign nationals; and
                      (B) the amount of debt owed to the foreign country 
                  that has been exchanged, forgiven, or reduced in return 
                  for a grant by the Syrian Government of an equity 
                  interest in a property, investment, or operation of the 
                  Syrian Government or of a Syrian national.
              (5) A description of the steps taken to assure that raw 
          materials and semifinished or finished goods produced by 
          facilities in Syria involving foreign nationals do not enter 
          the United States market, either directly or through third 
          countries or parties.
              (6) An identification of countries and entities that 
          provide, or have provided, arms or military supplies from Syria 
          or that otherwise have entered into agreements with Syria that 
          could have a military application, including--
                      (A) a description of the military supplies, 
                  equipment, or other material sold, bartered, or 
                  exchanged between Syria and such countries;
                      (B) a listing of the goods, services, credits, or 
                  other consideration received by Syria in exchange for 
                  military supplies, equipment, or material; and
                      (C) the terms or conditions of any such agreement.
      (c) Form.--The report submitted under subsection (a) shall be in 
  unclassified form but may include a classified annex.
  
  TITLE II--ASSISTANCE TO SUPPORT DEMOCRACY IN SYRIA AND SOVEREIGNTY AND 
                            DEMOCRACY IN LEBANON
  
  SEC. 201. DECLARATIONS OF POLICY.
  
      (a) Syria.--It shall be the policy of the United States to support 
  independent human rights and pro-democracy forces in Syria to promote 
  the emergence of a democratic government that--
              (1) will denounce and combat terrorism;
              (2) will dismantle its biological, chemical, and nuclear 
          weapons programs and commit to combat the proliferation of such 
          weapons;
              (3) will respect the boundaries and sovereignty of its 
          neighbors and live in peace and security with all the countries 
          in the region; and
              (4) will uphold and defend the human rights and civil 
          liberties of its citizens.
      (b) Lebanon.--It shall be the policy of the United States to 
  initiate efforts to restore Lebanese sovereignty, including the 
  immediate and unconditional withdrawal of all Syrian personnel from 
  Lebanon, and to support Lebanese civil society and pro-democracy forces 
  in restoring a freely-elected, internationally recognized democratic 
  government in Lebanon.
  
  SEC. 202. ASSISTANCE TO SUPPORT A TRANSITION TO DEMOCRACY IN SYRIA AND 
                RESTORATION OF SOVEREIGN DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE IN 
                LEBANON.
  
      (a) Authorization.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the 
  President is authorized to provide assistance and other support for 
  individuals and independent nongovernmental organizations to support a 
  transition to a freely-elected, internationally recognized democratic 
  government in Syria and the restoration of sovereign, democratic rule 
  in Lebanon.
      (b) Activities Supported.--Assistance provided under subsection (a) 
  shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be used to carry out the 
  following activities:
              (1) Democracy-building and civil society efforts in Syria 
          and Lebanon, including the provision of assistance to 
          organizations certified by the President to be independent 
          democratic organizations, victims of political repression and 
          their families, and prisoners of conscience and their families.
              (2) Radio and television broadcasting to Syria and Lebanon 
          to support democracy-building and civil society efforts in 
          Syria and Lebanon.
      (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
  appropriated to the President to carry out this section such sums as 
  may be necessary for fiscal year 2006 and each subsequent fiscal year.
target: Lebanon and Syria Liberation Act - States that U.S. sanctions, controls, and regulations relating to Syria shall remain in effect until the President certifies that: (1) Syria has ceased support for terrorism, has dismantled biological, chemical, or nuclear weapons programs and has committed to combat their proliferation, has withdrawn from Lebanon and respects the boundaries and sovereignty of all neighboring countries, and upholds human rights and civil liberties; and (2) sovereignty has been restored to Lebanon.
  
  Imposes specified trade, assistance, and military sanctions, as appropriate, on persons or countries that transfer goods or technology so as to contribute to Syria's biological, chemical, nuclear, or advanced conventional weapons programs.
  
  Sets forth diplomatic measures intended to achieve such nonproliferation.
  
  Directs the President to provide assistance to support a democratic transition in Syria and the restoration of sovereign, democratic rule in Lebanon. Authorizes appropriations.
feat_title: To strengthen sanctions against the Government of Syria, to establish a program to support a transition to a democratically elected government in Syria and the restoration of sovereignty and democratic rule in Lebanon, and for other purposes.