text: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
  
      This Act may be cited as the ``Global Climate Change Security 
  Oversight Act''.
  
  SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
  
      Congress makes the following findings:
              (1) According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
          Administration, in 2007 the average annual temperature in the 
          United States and around the global is approximately 1.0 degree 
          Fahrenheit warmer than at the start of the 20th century, and 
          the rate of warming has accelerated during the past 30 years, 
          increasing globally since the mid-1970s. The fourth assessment 
          report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has 
          predicted that the Earth will warm 0.72 degrees Fahrenheit 
          during the next 2 decades with current emission trends.
              (2) The annual national security strategy report submitted 
          pursuant to section 108 of the National Security Act of 1947 
          (50 U.S.C. 404a) for 2006 states that the United States faces 
          new security challenges, including ``environmental destruction, 
          whether caused by human behavior or cataclysmic mega-disasters 
          such as floods, hurricanes, earthquakes, or tsunamis. Problems 
          of this scope may overwhelm the capacity of local authorities 
          to respond, and may even overtax national militaries, requiring 
          a larger international response. These challenges are not 
          traditional national security concerns, such as the conflict of 
          arms or ideologies. But if left unaddressed they can threaten 
          national security.''.
              (3) According to the fourth assessment report of the 
          Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, average temperature 
          increases of between 2 and 4 degrees Celsius over preindustrial 
          levels are projected to cause the sea level to rise by between 
          2 and 4 meters by 2100 due to melting of the Greenland and 
          Antarctic ice sheets.
              (4) In 2007, more than 200,000,000 people live in coastal 
          floodplains around the world and 2,000,000 square kilometers of 
          land and an estimated $1,000,000,000,000 worth of assets are 
          less than a 1-meter elevation above sea level.
              (5) An estimated 1,700,000,000 people in the world live in 
          areas where water is scarce and in 25 years that population is 
          projected to increase to 5,400,000,000. Climate change will 
          impact the hydrological cycle and change the location, time of 
          year, and intensity of water availability.
              (6) The report of the World Health Organization entitled 
          ``The World Health Report 2002: Reducing Risks and Promoting 
          Healthy Life'' states that ``Effects of climate change on human 
          health can be expected to be mediated through complex 
          interactions of physical, ecological, and social factors. These 
          effects will undoubtedly have a greater impact on societies or 
          individuals with scarce resources, where technologies are 
          lacking, and where infrastructure and institutions (such as the 
          health sector) are least able to adapt.''.
              (7) Environmental changes relating to global climate change 
          represent a potentially significant threat multiplier for 
          instability around the world as changing precipitation patterns 
          may exacerbate competition and conflict over agricultural, 
          vegetative, and water resources and displace people, thus 
          increasing hunger and poverty and causing increased pressure on 
          fragile countries.
              (8) The strategic, social, political, and economic 
          consequences of global climate change are likely to have a 
          greater adverse effect on less developed countries with fewer 
          resources and infrastructures that are less able to adjust to 
          new economic and social pressures, and where the margin for 
          governance and survival is thin.
              (9) The consequences of global climate change represent a 
          clear and present danger to the security and economy of the 
          United States.
              (10) A failure to recognize, plan for, and mitigate the 
          strategic, social, political, and economic effects of a 
          changing climate will have an adverse impact on the national 
          security interests of the United States.
  
  SEC. 3. NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATE ON GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE.
  
      (a) Requirement for National Intelligence Estimate.--
              (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), not 
          later than 270 days after the date of enactment of this Act, 
          the Director of National Intelligence shall submit to Congress 
          a National Intelligence Estimate on the anticipated 
          geopolitical effects of global climate change and the 
          implications of such effects on the national security of the 
          United States.
              (2) Notice regarding submittal.--If the Director of 
          National Intelligence determines that the National Intelligence 
          Estimate required by paragraph (1) cannot be submitted by the 
          date set out in that paragraph, the Director shall notify 
          Congress and provide--
                      (A) the reasons that the National Intelligence 
                  Estimate cannot be submitted by such date; and
                      (B) an estimated date for the submittal of the 
                  National Intelligence Estimate.
      (b) Content.--The Director of National Intelligence shall prepare 
  the National Intelligence Estimate required by this section using the 
  mid-range projections of the fourth assessment report of the 
  Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change--
              (1) to assess the political, social, agricultural, and 
          economic risks during the 30-year period beginning on the date 
          of enactment of this Act posed by global climate change for 
          countries or regions that are--
                      (A) of strategic economic or military importance to 
                  the United States and at risk of significant impact due 
                  to global climate change; or
                      (B) at significant risk of large-scale humanitarian 
                  suffering with cross-border implications as predicted 
                  on the basis of the assessments;
              (2) to assess other risks posed by global climate change, 
          including increased conflict over resources or between ethnic 
          groups, within countries or transnationally, increased 
          displacement or forced migrations of vulnerable populations due 
          to inundation or other causes, increased food insecurity, and 
          increased risks to human health from infectious disease;
              (3) to assess the capabilities of the countries or regions 
          described in subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (1) to 
          respond to adverse impacts caused by global climate change;
              (4) to assess the strategic challenges and opportunities 
          posed to the United States by the risks described in paragraph 
          (1);
              (5) to assess the security implications and opportunities 
          for the United States economy of engaging, or failing to engage 
          successfully, with other leading and emerging major 
          contributors of greenhouse gas emissions in efforts to reduce 
          emissions and adopt mitigation and adaptation strategies, 
          including transitioning from reliance upon finite fossil fuels 
          such as imported petroleum and natural gas to clean domestic 
          renewable energy sources; and
              (6) to make recommendations for further assessments of 
          security consequences of global climate change that would 
          improve national security planning.
      (c) Coordination.--In preparing the National Intelligence Estimate 
  under this section, the Director of National Intelligence shall consult 
  with representatives of the scientific community, including atmospheric 
  and climate studies, security studies, conflict studies, economic 
  assessments, and environmental security studies, the Secretaries of 
  Defense, State, Treasury, Commerce, Energy, Agriculture, and 
  Transportation, the Federal Reserve Board, and the United States Trade 
  Representative, the Administrator of the National Oceanographic and 
  Atmospheric Administration, the Administrator of the National 
  Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Administrator of the 
  Environmental Protection Agency, and, if appropriate, multilateral 
  institutions and allies of the United States that have conducted 
  significant research on global climate change.
      (d) Form.--The National Intelligence Estimate required by this 
  section shall be submitted in unclassified form, to the extent 
  consistent with the protection of intelligence sources and methods, and 
  include unclassified key judgments of the National Intelligence 
  Estimate. Such National Intelligence Estimate may include a classified 
  annex.
  
  SEC. 4. RESPONSE TO THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATE.
  
      (a) Report by the Secretary of Defense.--Not later than 270 days 
  after the date that the National Intelligence Estimate required by 
  section 3 is submitted to Congress, the Secretary of Defense shall 
  submit to the the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed 
  Services, and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
  United States House of Representatives and Committee on Appropriations, 
  the Committee on Armed Services, and the Select Committee on 
  Intelligence of the United States Senate a report on--
              (1) the projected impact on the military installations and 
          capabilities of the United States of the effects of global 
          climate change as assessed in the National Intelligence 
          Estimate;
              (2) the projected impact on United States military 
          operations of the effects of global climate change described in 
          the National Intelligence Estimate; and
              (3) recommended research and analysis needed to further 
          assess the impacts on the military of global climate change.
      (b) Sense of Congress on the Next Quadrennial Defense Review.--It 
  is the sense of Congress that the Secretary of Defense should address 
  the findings of the National Intelligence Estimate required by section 
  3 regarding the impact of global climate change and potential 
  implications of such impact on the Armed Forces and for the size, 
  composition, and capabilities of Armed Forces in the next Quadrennial 
  Defense Review.
      (c) Report by the Secretary of State.--Not later than 270 days 
  after the date that the National Intelligence Estimate required by 
  section 3 is submitted to Congress, the Secretary of State shall submit 
  to the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, 
  and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the United States 
  House of Representatives and the Committee on Appropriations, the 
  Committee on Foreign Relations, and the Select Committee on 
  Intelligence of the United States Senate a report that addresses--
              (1) the potential for large migration flows in countries of 
          strategic interest or humanitarian concern as a response to 
          changes in climate and the implications for United States 
          security interests; and
              (2) the potential for diplomatic opportunities and 
          challenges facing United States policy makers as a result of 
          social, economic, or political responses of groups or nations 
          to global changing climate.
  
  SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF RESEARCH.
  
      (a) In General.--The Secretary of Defense is authorized to carry 
  out research on the impacts of global climate change on military 
  operations, doctrine, organization, training, material, logistics, 
  personnel, and facilities and the actions needed to address those 
  impacts. Such research may include--
              (1) the use of war gaming and other analytical exercises;
              (2) analysis of the implications for United States defense 
          capabilities of large-scale Arctic sea-ice melt and broader 
          changes in Arctic climate;
              (3) analysis of the implications for United States defense 
          capabilities of abrupt climate change;
              (4) analysis of the implications of the findings derived 
          from the National Intelligence Estimate required in section 3 
          Act for United States defense capabilities;
              (5) analysis of the strategic implications for United 
          States defense capabilities of direct physical threats to the 
          United States posed by extreme weather events such as 
          hurricanes; and
              (6) analysis of the existing policies of the Department of 
          Defense to assess the adequacy of the Department's protections 
          against climate risks to United States capabilities and 
          military interests in foreign countries.
      (b) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date that the 
  National Intelligence Estimate required by section 3 is submitted to 
  Congress, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to Congress a report on 
  the results of the research, war games, and other activities carried 
  out pursuant to subsection (a).
  
  SEC. 6. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
  
      There is authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be 
  necessary to carry out this Act.
target: Global Climate Change Security Oversight Act - Requires the Director of National Intelligence to submit to Congress a National Intelligence Estimate on the anticipated geopolitical effects of global climate change and the implications of such effects on U.S. national security.
  
  Requires the Director to prepare the estimate using the mid-range projections of the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to make assessments and recommendation concerning the risks posed by global warming and the security implications, opportunities, and consequences of global warming.
  
  Requires the Secretary of Defense to report to Congress on the projected impact on the military installations, capabilities, and operations of the effects of global climate change as assessed in the estimate and to recommend research and analysis needed to further assess the impacts on the military of global climate change as assessed in the estimate.
  
  Expresses the sense of Congress that the Secretary should address the findings of the estimate regarding the impact of global climate change and potential implications of such impact on the Armed Forces and for the size, composition, and capabilities of Armed Forces in the next Quadrennial Defense Review.
  
  Requires the Secretary of State to report to Congress on the potential for: (1) large migration flows in countries of strategic interest or humanitarian concern as a response to changes in climate and the implications for U.S. security interests; and (2) diplomatic opportunities and challenges facing U.S. policy makers as a result of social, economic, or political responses of groups or nations to global changing climate.
  
   Authorizes the Secretary of Defense to research the impacts of global climate change on military operations, doctrine, organization, training, material, logistics, personnel, and facilities, and the actions needed to address those impacts.
feat_title: To address security risks posed by global climate change, and for other purposes.