text: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
  
      This Act may be cited as the ``Access for Afghan Women Act''.
  
  SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
  
      Congress makes the following findings:
              (1) Despite the removal of the Taliban from power, Afghan 
          women continue to experience brutal violation of their human 
          rights, generally outside of Kabul where warlords are 
          reexerting control.
              (2) Strong and continued United States support can ensure 
          that the advances made by Afghan women since the fall of the 
          Taliban will continue and grow, rather than recede.
              (3) The United States has made a substantial contribution 
          to the emergency relief and humanitarian efforts for 
          Afghanistan. Completing the United States mission in 
          Afghanistan will also require significant and long-term 
          investments in development and reconstruction assistance.
              (4) The maternal mortality rate in Afghanistan is one of 
          the highest in the world, with recent reports estimating that 
          every 30 minutes an Afghan women dies (about 15,000 women every 
          year) of pregnancy related causes. The estimated maternal 
          mortality rate of 1,700 deaths per 100,000 live births can be 
          significantly and rapidly reduced through access to primary 
          health care services, including safe birthing supplies, 
          emergency obstetric care, prenatal and postnatal care, 
          contraception, and prevention and treatment for the effects of 
          sexual coercion and rape.
              (5) Women make up 75 percent or more of the refugees and 
          internally displaced in camps, urban areas, and villages.
              (6) Eighty-five percent of Afghanistan's population lives 
          in rural areas. The women in rural areas perform vital roles in 
          food production, processing, and preparation. Successful 
          reconstruction and development assistance must target rural 
          women as part of any agricultural interventions.
              (7) Within Afghanistan and outside of Afghanistan, local 
          women's organizations are delivering critical services and have 
          the knowledge and experience to assist the United States in 
          delivering effective relief aid.
              (8) The Afghan Ministry for Women's Affairs is an important 
          new ministry that is essential for re-establishing women's 
          human rights, ensuring that women are included in all 
          development efforts, and delivering critical legal, health, 
          education, and economic services to women throughout 
          Afghanistan's 30 provinces.
              (9) Afghan women are taking the initiative to reach across 
          the conflict divide and foster peace. Women's perspectives and 
          experiences in seeking solutions to conflicts are necessary to 
          ensure lasting peace.
              (10) Adequate security in both urban and rural areas is 
          essential if women and girls are to exercise their human 
          rights, work, attend school, and otherwise participate in and 
          benefit from humanitarian and development programs sponsored by 
          the United States.
  
  SEC. 3. REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO UNITED STATES ACTIVITIES IN 
                AFGHANISTAN.
  
      (a) In General.--Activities described in subsections (b) through 
  (e) that are carried out by the United States in Afghanistan shall 
  comply with the applicable requirements contained in such subsections.
      (b) Governance of Afghanistan.--With respect to the governance of 
  Afghanistan, the applicable requirements are the following:
              (1) Include the perspectives and advice of Afghan women's 
          organizations, networks, and leaders in United States 
          policymaking related to the governance of Afghanistan.
              (2) Promote the inclusion of a significant number of women 
          in the Loya Jirga and future legislative bodies to ensure that 
          women's full range of human rights are included and upheld in 
          any constitution or legal structures of Afghanistan.
              (3) Promote the continuation and strengthening of the 
          Ministry for Women's Affairs as the Afghan Government 
          transitions to a long-term government structure, and encourage 
          the appointment of women to high level positions within Afghan 
          ministries.
      (c) Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Development.--With respect to 
  activities relating to post-conflict stability in Afghanistan, the 
  applicable requirements are the following:
              (1) Ensure that a significant portion of United States 
          development, humanitarian, and relief assistance is channeled 
          to local and United States-based Afghan organizations, 
          particularly Afghan women's organizations. Provide technical 
          assistance, training, and capacity-building for local 
          organizations to ensure that United States funded efforts will 
          be both effective and sustainable.
              (2) Encourage United States organizations that receive 
          funds authorized by this Act to partner with or create Afghan-
          led counterpart organizations and provide these organizations 
          with significant financial resources, technical assistance, and 
          capacity building.
              (3) Provide direct financial and programmatic assistance to 
          the Ministry of Women's Affairs adequate to ensure that the 
          Ministry is able to fulfill its mandate.
              (4) Promote multiyear women-centered economic development 
          programs, including programs to assist widows, female heads of 
          household, women in rural areas, and disabled women.
              (5) Increase women's access to or ownership of productive 
          assets such as land, water, agricultural inputs, credit, and 
          property.
              (6) Provide long-term financial assistance for primary, 
          secondary, higher, nontraditional, and vocational education for 
          Afghan girls, women, boys, and men.
              (7) Provide financial assistance to build the health 
          infrastructure and to deliver high-quality comprehensive health 
          care programs, including primary, maternal, child, 
          reproductive, and mental health care.
              (8) Integrate education and training programs for former 
          combatants with economic development programs to encourage 
          their reintegration into society and to promote post-conflict 
          stability.
              (9) Provide assistance to rehabilitate children affected by 
          the conflict, particularly child soldiers.
              (10) Support educational efforts to increase awareness with 
          respect to landmines, facilitate the removal of landmines, and 
          provide services to individuals with disabilities caused by 
          landmines.
              (11) Include programs to prevent trafficking in persons, 
          assist victims, and apprehend and prosecute traffickers in 
          persons.
      (d) Afghan Military and Police.--With respect to training for 
  military and police forces in Afghanistan, the applicable requirements 
  are the following:
              (1) Include training on the protection, rights, and the 
          particular needs of women and emphasize that violations of 
          women's rights are intolerable and should be prosecuted.
              (2) Encourage such trainers who will carry out the 
          activities in paragraph (1) to consult with women's 
          organizations in Afghanistan to ensure that training content 
          and materials are adequate, appropriate, and comprehensive.
      (e) Relief, Resettlement, and Repatriation of Refugees and the 
  Internally Displaced.--With respect to the relief, resettlement, and 
  repatriation of refugees and internally displaced in Afghanistan, the 
  applicable requirements are the following:
              (1) Take all necessary steps to ensure that women refugees 
          and internally displaced in camps, urban areas, and villages 
          are directly receiving food aid, shelter, relief supplies, and 
          other services from United States-sponsored programs.
              (2) Take all necessary steps to ensure that women refugees 
          in camps, urban areas, and villages are accessing high-quality 
          health and medical services, including primary, maternal, 
          child, and mental health services.
              (3) Take all necessary steps to ensure that women and 
          children in refugee camps are protected from sexual 
          exploitation.
              (4) Take all necessary steps to ensure refugees and 
          internally displaced persons that seek to return to their place 
          of origin can do so voluntarily, safely, and with the full 
          protection of their rights. United States-sponsored efforts 
          shall not coerce refugees or internally displaced persons to 
          return to their places of origin.
  
  SEC. 4. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.
  
      Not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of this Act, and 
  annually thereafter, the President shall prepare and transmit to 
  Congress a report that contains documentation of the progress in 
  implementing the requirements of section 3. All data shall be 
  disaggregated by sex.
target: Access for Afghan Women Act - Directs the United States to undertake a variety of measures to guard and enhance the quality of life of Afghan women, including: (1) incorporating the perspectives and advice of Afghan women's organizations and leaders in U.S. policymaking related to the governance of Afghanistan; (2) promoting the inclusion of a significant number of women in the Loya Jirga and future legislative bodies to ensure that women's human rights are included in any constitution for Afghanistan; (3) ensuring a significant portion of U.S. assistance is channeled to local and U.S.-based Afghan organizations, particularly Afghan women's organizations, and to high-quality comprehensive health care programs and education and training programs in Afghanistan; (4) training on the protection, rights, and the particular needs of women with respect to training for military and police forces in Afghanistan; and (5) ensuring that women refugees and those internally displaced in camps, urban areas, and villages are receiving food aid, health and medical services, and are free from sexual exploitation.
feat_title: A bill to require that activities carried out by the United States in Afghanistan relating to governance, reconstruction and development, and refugee relief and assistance will support the basic human rights of women and women's participation and leadership in these areas.