text: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
      This Act may be cited as the ``Secure Fence Act of 2006''.
  SEC. 2. ACHIEVING OPERATIONAL CONTROL ON THE BORDER.
      (a) In General.--Not later than 18 months after the date of the 
  enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall take 
  all actions the Secretary determines necessary and appropriate to 
  achieve and maintain operational control over the entire international 
  land and maritime borders of the United States, to include the 
  following--
          (1) systematic surveillance of the international land and 
      maritime borders of the United States through more effective use of 
      personnel and technology, such as unmanned aerial vehicles, ground-
      based sensors, satellites, radar coverage, and cameras; and
          (2) physical infrastructure enhancements to prevent unlawful 
      entry by aliens into the United States and facilitate access to the 
      international land and maritime borders by United States Customs 
      and Border Protection, such as additional checkpoints, all weather 
      access roads, and vehicle barriers.
      (b) Operational Control Defined.--In this section, the term 
  ``operational control'' means the prevention of all unlawful entries 
  into the United States, including entries by terrorists, other unlawful 
  aliens, instruments of terrorism, narcotics, and other contraband.
      (c) Report.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
  enactment of this Act and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall 
  submit to Congress a report on the progress made toward achieving and 
  maintaining operational control over the entire international land and 
  maritime borders of the United States in accordance with this section.
  SEC. 3. CONSTRUCTION OF FENCING AND SECURITY IMPROVEMENTS IN BORDER 
  AREA FROM PACIFIC OCEAN TO GULF OF MEXICO.
      Section 102(b) of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant 
  Responsibility Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-208; 8 U.S.C. 1103 note) is 
  amended--
          (1) in the subsection heading by striking ``Near San Diego, 
      California''; and
          (2) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows:
          ``(1) Security features.--
              ``(A) Reinforced fencing.--In carrying out subsection (a), 
          the Secretary of Homeland Security shall provide for least 2 
          layers of reinforced fencing, the installation of additional 
          physical barriers, roads, lighting, cameras, and sensors--
                  ``(i) extending from 10 miles west of the Tecate, 
              California, port of entry to 10 miles east of the Tecate, 
              California, port of entry;
                  ``(ii) extending from 10 miles west of the Calexico, 
              California, port of entry to 5 miles east of the Douglas, 
              Arizona, port of entry;
                  ``(iii) extending from 5 miles west of the Columbus, 
              New Mexico, port of entry to 10 miles east of El Paso, 
              Texas;
                  ``(iv) extending from 5 miles northwest of the Del Rio, 
              Texas, port of entry to 5 miles southeast of the Eagle 
              Pass, Texas, port of entry; and
                  ``(v) extending 15 miles northwest of the Laredo, 
              Texas, port of entry to the Brownsville, Texas, port of 
              entry.
              ``(B) Priority areas.--With respect to the border 
          described--
                  ``(i) in subparagraph (A)(ii), the Secretary shall 
              ensure that an interlocking surveillance camera system is 
              installed along such area by May 30, 2007, and that fence 
              construction is completed by May 30, 2008; and
                  ``(ii) in subparagraph (A)(v), the Secretary shall 
              ensure that fence construction from 15 miles northwest of 
              the Laredo, Texas, port of entry to 15 southeast of the 
              Laredo, Texas, port of entry is completed by December 31, 
              2008.
              ``(C) Exception.--If the topography of a specific area has 
          an elevation grade that exceeds 10 percent, the Secretary may 
          use other means to secure such area, including the use of 
          surveillance and barrier tools.''.
  SEC. 4. NORTHERN BORDER STUDY.
      (a) In General.--The Secretary of Homeland Security shall conduct a 
  study on the feasibility of a state of-the-art infrastructure security 
  system along the northern international land and maritime border of the 
  United States and shall include in the study--
          (1) the necessity of implementing such a system;
          (2) the feasibility of implementing such a system; and
          (3) the economic impact implementing such a system will have 
      along the northern border.
      (b) Report.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
  enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit 
  to the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives 
  and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the 
  Senate a report that contains the results of the study conducted under 
  subsection (a).
  SEC. 5. EVALUATION AND REPORT RELATING TO CUSTOMS AUTHORITY TO STOP 
  CERTAIN FLEEING VEHICLES.
      (a) Evaluation.--Not later than 30 days after the date of the 
  enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall--
          (1) evaluate the authority of personnel of United States 
      Customs and Border Protection to stop vehicles that enter the 
      United States illegally and refuse to stop when ordered to do so by 
      such personnel, compare such Customs authority with the authority 
      of the Coast Guard to stop vessels under section 637 of title 14, 
      United States Code, and make an assessment as to whether such 
      Customs authority should be expanded;
          (2) review the equipment and technology available to United 
      States Customs and Border Protection personnel to stop vehicles 
      described in paragraph (1) and make an assessment as to whether or 
      not better equipment or technology is available or should be 
      developed; and
          (3) evaluate the training provided to United States Customs and 
      Border Protection personnel to stop vehicles described in paragraph 
      (1).
      (b) Report.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment 
  of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit to the 
  Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives and the 
  Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate a 
  report that contains the results of the evaluation conducted under 
  subsection (a).
  
                                 Speaker of the House of Representatives.
  
                              Vice President of the United States and    
                                                 President of the Senate.
target: Secure Fence Act of 2006 - Directs the Secretary of Homeland Security, within 18 months of enactment of this Act, to take appropriate actions to achieve operational control over U.S. international land and maritime borders, including: (1) systematic border surveillance through more effective use of personnel and technology, such as unmanned aerial vehicles, ground-based sensors, satellites, radar coverage, and cameras; and (2) physical infrastructure enhancements to prevent unlawful border entry and facilitate border access by U.S. Customs and Border Protection, such as additional checkpoints, all weather access roads, and vehicle barriers.
  
  Defines "operational control" as the prevention of all unlawful U.S. entries, including entries by terrorists, other unlawful aliens, instruments of terrorism, narcotics, and other contraband.
  
  Directs the Secretary to report annually to Congress on border control progress.
  
  Amends the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 to direct the Secretary to provide at least two layers of reinforced fencing, installation of additional physical barriers, roads, lighting, cameras, and sensors extending: (1) from ten miles west of the Tecate, California, port of entry to ten miles east of the Tecate, California, port of entry; (2) from ten miles west of the Calexico, California, port of entry to five miles east of the Douglas, Arizona, port of entry (requiring installation of an interlocking surveillance camera system by May 30, 2007, and fence completion by May 30, 2008); (3) from five miles west of the Columbus, New Mexico, port of entry to ten miles east of El Paso, Texas; (4) from five miles northwest of the Del Rio, Texas, port of entry to five miles southeast of the Eagle Pass, Texas, port of entry; and (5) 15 miles northwest of the Laredo, Texas, port of entry to the Brownsville, Texas, port of entry (requiring fence completion from 15 miles northwest of the Laredo, Texas, port of entry to 15 southeast of the Laredo, Texas, port of entry by December 31, 2008).
  
   States that if an area has an elevation grade exceeding 10% the Secretary may use other means to secure such area, including surveillance and barrier tools.
  
  Directs the Secretary to: (1) study and report to the House Committee on Homeland Security and the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs on the necessity, feasibility, and economic impact of constructing a state-of-the-art infrastructure security system along the U.S. northern international land and maritime border; and (2) evaluate and report to such Committees on U.S. Customs and Border Protection authority (and possible expansion of authority) to stop fleeing vehicles that enter the United States illegally, including related training, technology, and equipment reviews.
feat_title: To establish operational control over the international land and maritime borders of the United States.