text: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
  
      This Act may be cited as the ``Federal Accountability for Nuclear 
  Waste Storage Act of 2007''.
  
  SEC. 2. DRY CASK STORAGE OF SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL.
  
      (a) In General.--Title I of the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 
  (42 U.S.C. 10121 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
  following:
  
            ``Subtitle I--Dry Cask Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel
  
  ``SEC. 185. DRY CASK STORAGE OF SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL.
  
      ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
              ``(1) Contractor.--The term `contractor' means a person 
          that holds a contract under section 302(a) and is licensed by 
          the Commission to possess spent nuclear power reactor fuel.
              ``(2) Spent nuclear fuel dry cask.--The term `spent nuclear 
          fuel dry cask' means the container (and all the components and 
          systems associated with the container)--
                      ``(A) in which spent nuclear fuel is stored and 
                  naturally cooled at an independent spent fuel storage 
                  installation that is licensed by the Commission and 
                  located at the power reactor site; and
                      ``(B) with a design that is approved by the 
                  Commission by license or rule.
              ``(3) Spent nuclear fuel pool.--The term `spent nuclear 
          fuel pool' means a water-filled container on a nuclear power 
          reactor site in which spent nuclear fuel rods are stored.
      ``(b) Transfer of Spent Nuclear Fuel.--
              ``(1) In general.--A contractor shall transfer spent 
          nuclear fuel from spent nuclear fuel pools to spent nuclear 
          fuel dry casks at an independent spent fuel storage 
          installation that is licensed by the Commission and located at 
          the power reactor site in accordance with this section.
              ``(2) Spent nuclear fuel stored as of date of enactment.--
          Not later than 6 years after the date of enactment of this 
          section, a contractor shall complete the transfer of all spent 
          nuclear fuel that is stored in spent nuclear fuel pools as of 
          the date of enactment of this section.
              ``(3) Spent nuclear fuel stored after date of enactment.--
          Not later than 6 years after the date on which spent nuclear 
          fuel is discharged from a reactor, a contractor shall complete 
          the transfer of any spent nuclear fuel that is stored in a 
          spent nuclear fuel pool after the date of enactment of this 
          section.
              ``(4) Inadequate funds or availability.--If funds are not 
          available to complete a transfer under paragraph (2) or (3), or 
          if spent nuclear fuel dry casks suitable for the particular 
          fuel are not available on reasonable terms and conditions, the 
          contractor may apply to the Commission to extend the deadline 
          for the transfer to be completed.
              ``(5) Commission licensing.--
                      ``(A) In general.--The transfer under paragraph (2) 
                  or (3) shall be to spent nuclear fuel dry casks 
                  generally licensed by the Commission.
                      ``(B) Generally licensed spent nuclear fuel dry 
                  casks unavailable.--If generally licensed spent nuclear 
                  fuel dry casks described in subparagraph (A) are not 
                  available, the deadlines established in paragraphs (2) 
                  and (3) may be met by the good faith filing of an 
                  application to the Commission for a specific 
                  independent spent fuel storage installation license.
                      ``(C) Expedited review.--The Commission shall 
                  expedite the review and decision of the Commission on 
                  an application received under subparagraph (B) in a 
                  manner that is consistent with public health and 
                  safety, common defense and security, and the right of 
                  an interested person to a hearing under the Atomic 
                  Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.).
      ``(c) Funding.--The Secretary shall make grants to compensate a 
  contractor for expenses incurred in carrying out subsection (b), 
  including costs associated with--
              ``(1) licensing and construction of an independent spent 
          fuel storage installation located at the power reactor site;
              ``(2) fabrication and delivery of spent nuclear fuel dry 
          casks;
              ``(3) transfers of spent nuclear fuel;
              ``(4) documentation relating to the transfers;
              ``(5) security; and
              ``(6) hardening and other safety or security improvements.
      ``(d) Conveyance of Title.--
              ``(1) Certification and conveyance of title.--
                      ``(A) Certification.--The Commission shall certify 
                  to the Secretary when safe and secure transfer of spent 
                  nuclear fuel has been carried out under paragraph (2) 
                  or (3) of subsection (b).
                      ``(B) Acceptance of title.--On receipt of the 
                  certification, the Secretary shall accept the 
                  conveyance of title to the spent nuclear fuel dry cask 
                  (including the contents of the spent nuclear fuel dry 
                  cask) from the contractor.
              ``(2) Responsibility.--
                      ``(A) In general.--A conveyance of title under 
                  paragraph (1)(B) shall confer on the Secretary full 
                  responsibility (including safety, security, and 
                  financial responsibility) for the subsequent 
                  possession, stewardship, maintenance, monitoring, and 
                  ultimate disposition of all spent nuclear fuel 
                  transferred to the Secretary.
                      ``(B) Licenses.--On conveyance of title--
                              ``(i) the general or specific Commission 
                          license held by the contractor for the spent 
                          nuclear fuel dry cask shall be terminated; and
                              ``(ii) a general license for the spent 
                          nuclear fuel dry cask under sections 53 and 81 
                          of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 
                          2073, 2111) shall be issued to the Secretary.
                      ``(C) Regulations.--Not later than 5 years after 
                  the date of enactment of this section, the Commission 
                  shall promulgate regulations that establish the terms 
                  and conditions for licenses described in subparagraph 
                  (B)(ii).
      ``(e) Administration.--
              ``(1) In general.--Not later than 5 years after the date of 
          enactment of this section, the Secretary shall establish the 
          capability to carry out subsection (d)(2) in a manner that 
          protects the public health and safety and common defense and 
          security, and complies with all applicable laws.
              ``(2) Contracts with licensees.--
                      ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the 
                  Secretary may contract with a holder of the operating 
                  license issued by the Commission for 1 or more of the 
                  power reactors located on or adjacent to the spent 
                  nuclear fuel dry cask for the performance of all or 
                  part of the tasks required to carry out subsection 
                  (d)(2).
                      ``(B) Effect of contract.--A contract described in 
                  subparagraph (A) shall not relieve the Secretary of the 
                  ultimate responsibility of the Secretary under 
                  subsection (d)(2) and as a licensee of the 
                  Commission.''.
      (b) Use of Waste Fund.--Section 302(d) of the Nuclear Waste Policy 
  Act of 1982 (42 U.S.C. 10222(d)) is amended--
              (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and'' at the end;
              (2) in paragraph (6), by striking the period at the end and 
          inserting ``; and''; and
              (3) by adding at the end the following:
              ``(7) the costs incurred in carrying out subsections (c) 
          and (e) of section 185.''.
target: Federal Accountability for Nuclear Waste Storage Act of 2007 - Amends the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 to require commercial nuclear power plant operators to transfer, within six years after enactment of this Act, spent nuclear fuel from spent nuclear fuel pools into spent nuclear fuel dry casks at an independent spent fuel storage facility generally licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and located at the power reactor site.
  
  Directs the Secretary of Energy to: (1) make grants to compensate a contractor for expenses incurred in carrying out such transfer; and (2) accept conveyance of title to a spent nuclear fuel dry cask (including its contents) from the contractor following certification of compliance by the NRC.
  
  States that conveyance of title confers upon the Secretary full responsibility for the possession, stewardship, maintenance, monitoring, and ultimate disposition of all transferred spent nuclear fuel. Authorizes the Secretary to contract with the holder of an NRC operating license for power reactors located on or adjacent to the spent nuclear fuel dry cask for the performance of such tasks.
feat_title: To amend the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 to require commercial nuclear power plant operators to transfer spent nuclear fuel from the spent nuclear fuel pools of the operators into spent nuclear fuel dry casks at independent spent fuel storage installations of the operators that are licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, to convey to the Secretary of Energy title to all such transferred spent nuclear fuel, to provide for the transfer to the Secretary of the independent spent fuel storage installation operating responsibility of each plant together with the license granted by the Commission for the installation, and for other purposes.