text: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
  
      This Act may be cited as the ``Somalia Stabilization Act of 2013''.
  
  SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
  
      Congress makes the following findings:
              (1) Since the collapse of the Siad Barre regime in 1991, 
          Somalia has struggled to rebuild a government and assert order 
          and control over warlords, clan militias, and extremist groups.
              (2) The lack of functioning state and governing structures 
          led to chronic humanitarian need within Somalia and enabled 
          terrorist groups, maritime crime, illicit trafficking, and mass 
          refugee flows to flourish.
              (3) In 2007, the Ethiopian military ousted the Islamic 
          Courts Union and the United Nations authorized the African 
          Union to deploy a peacekeeping force to Somalia, the African 
          Union Mission to Somalia (AMISOM), in order to support the 
          Transitional Federal Government to establish order in Somalia. 
          AMISOM currently consists of troops from Burundi, Djibouti, 
          Kenya, Sierra Leone, and Uganda.
              (4) In 2008, Harakat al-Shabaab al-Mujahideen (al-Shabaab) 
          was designated a Foreign Terrorist Organization and a Specially 
          Designated Global Terrorist entity by the United States 
          Government.
              (5) In 2010, al-Shabaab took control of southern and 
          central Somalia and instituted strict Sharia law.
              (6) In July 2010, Al-Shabaab retaliated against a 
          contributor to AMISOM by carrying out an attack in Kampala, 
          Uganda, which killed 74 people and injured 70 others.
              (7) In 2010, in response to growing al-Shabaab dominance 
          and brutality, the AMISOM mandate was expanded to directly 
          target and counter al-Shabaab in Somalia.
              (8) In 2011 and 2012, when many parts of the country were 
          suffering from severe food insecurity and famine, al-Shabaab 
          denied humanitarian access to its residents, resulting in the 
          death of close to 260,000 people and acute food insecurity for 
          millions.
              (9) In 2011, the Kenyan Defense Force joined AMISOM, to 
          help take control of urban areas like Mogadishu and Kismayo 
          from al-Shabaab control.
              (10) In 2012, improved security in much of urban Somalia 
          enabled the Transitional Federal Government to complete a draft 
          constitution and end its transitional term.
              (11) In 2012, a regionally representative Somali 
          constituent assembly elected a new Federal parliament, which in 
          turn elected President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud.
              (12) The United States, Arab and European countries, the 
          United Nations, and the African Union officially recognized the 
          new Somali government, citing the process that created it as 
          being the most credible and inclusive process to date.
              (13) On March 6, 2013, the United Nations Security Council 
          passed Resolution 2093, creating a new exemption to the 21-
          year-old arms embargo for a period of 12 months, to allow for 
          ``deliveries of weapons or military equipment or the provision 
          of advice, assistance or training, intended solely for the 
          development of the National Security Forces of the Federal 
          Government of Somalia'', and calling for the training, 
          equipping, and capacity-building of Somali Security Forces, 
          including both its armed forces and police, with special focus 
          on the development of infrastructure to ``ensure the safe 
          storage, registration, maintenance and distribution of military 
          equipment,'' and ``procedures and codes of conduct . . . for 
          the registration, distribution, use, and storage of weapons''.
              (14) On May 2, 2013, the United National Security Council 
          passed Resolution 2102, establishing the United Nations 
          Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM) under the leadership of a 
          Special Representative of the Secretary-General to support the 
          Government of Somalia with peace-building, state-building and 
          governance, as well as the coordination of international 
          assistance.
              (15) Though greeted with great optimism, the Government of 
          Somalia has run into many challenges, which has stalled its 
          efforts to finalize the constitution, guide the structure of 
          the new state, or provide services to the population.
              (16) President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud and his government 
          have committed to the completion of these tasks and to holding 
          a constitutional referendum and national election by 2016.
              (17) On September 16, 2013, the international community and 
          a high level Somali delegation endorsed a compact based on the 
          ``New Deal Strategy for Engagement in Fragile States.'' Donors 
          pledged $2,400,000,000 over three years to support Somali 
          development priorities, including $69,000,000 from the United 
          States.
              (18) Al Shabaab continues to use terrorist tactics to 
          attack soft targets. On September 21-24, 2013, al-Shabaab 
          perpetrated an attack on the Westgate mall in Nairobi, Kenya, 
          killing at least 67 people.
  
  SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS.
  
      It is the sense of Congress that the United States should--
              (1) support the Somali Federal Government, regional 
          administrations, Federal units, and people in their ongoing 
          efforts to consolidate political gains and develop credible, 
          transparent, and representative government systems and 
          institutions, and foster complementary processes at the local, 
          regional, and national levels;
              (2) continue to support African-led regional efforts to 
          improve security and stability in Somalia, including through 
          the African Union Mission to Somalia (AMISOM) and the United 
          Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM);
              (3) support the people and Government of Somalia to develop 
          professional and regionally and ethnically representative 
          Somali security forces that are capable of maintaining and 
          expanding security within Somalia, confronting international 
          security threats such as terrorism, and preventing human rights 
          abuses;
              (4) continue to provide lifesaving humanitarian assistance 
          as needed, while bolstering resilience and building a 
          foundation for sustained, inclusive development for the people 
          of Somalia; and
              (5) carry out all diplomatic, economic, intelligence, 
          military, and development activities in Somalia within the 
          context of a comprehensive strategy coordinated through an 
          interagency process.
  
  SEC. 4. REQUIREMENT OF A STRATEGY TO SUPPORT THE CONSOLIDATION OF 
                SECURITY AND GOVERNANCE GAINS IN SOMALIA.
  
      (a) Requirement for Strategy.--Not later than 120 days after the 
  date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the 
  appropriate committees of Congress a strategy to guide future United 
  States action in support of the Government and people of Somalia to 
  foster economic growth and opportunity, counter armed threats to 
  stability, and develop credible, transparent, and representative 
  government systems and institutions.
      (b) Content of Strategy.--The strategy required under subsection 
  (a) should include the following elements:
              (1) A clearly stated policy toward Somalia on supporting 
          the consolidation of political gains at the national level, 
          while also encouraging and supporting complementary processes 
          at the local and regional levels.
              (2) Measures to support the development goals identified by 
          the people and Government of Somalia.
              (3) Plans for strengthening efforts by the Government of 
          Somalia, the African Union, and regional governments to 
          stabilize the security situation within Somalia and further 
          degrade al-Shabaab's capabilities, in order to enable the 
          eventual transfer of security operations to Somali security 
          forces capable of--
                      (A) maintaining and expanding security within 
                  Somalia;
                      (B) confronting international security threats; and
                      (C) preventing human rights abuses.
              (4) Plans for supporting the development and 
          professionalization of regionally and ethnically representative 
          Somali security forces, including the infrastructure and 
          procedures required to ensure chain of custody and the safe 
          storage of military equipment and an assessment of the benefits 
          and risks of the provision of weaponry to the Somali security 
          forces by the United States.
              (5) A description of United States national security 
          objectives addressed through military-to-military cooperation 
          activities with Somali security forces.
              (6) A description of security risks to United States 
          personnel conducting security cooperation activities within 
          Somalia and plans to assist the Somali security forces in 
          preventing infiltration and insider attacks, including through 
          the application of lessons learned in United States military 
          training efforts in Afghanistan.
              (7) A description of United States tools for monitoring and 
          responding to violations of the United Nations Security Council 
          arms embargo, charcoal ban, and other international agreements 
          affecting the stability of Somalia.
              (8) A description of mechanisms for coordinating United 
          States military and non-military assistance with other 
          international donors, regional governments, and relevant 
          multilateral organizations.
              (9) Plans to increase United States diplomatic engagement 
          with Somalia, including through the future establishment of an 
          embassy or other diplomatic posts in Mogadishu.
              (10) Any other element the President determines 
          appropriate.
      (c) Reports.--Not later than 180 days from the submission of the 
  strategy required under subsection (a), and annually thereafter for 
  three years, the President shall submit to the appropriate committees 
  of Congress an update on implementation of the strategy and progress 
  made in Somalia in security, stability, development, and governance.
      (d) Form.--The strategy under this section shall be submitted in 
  unclassified form, but may include a classified annex. The reports may 
  take the form of a briefing, unclassified report, or unclassified 
  report with a classified annex.
      (e) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section, 
  the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
              (1) the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed 
          Services, the Committee on Foreign Relations, and the Select 
          Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and
              (2) the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed 
          Services, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Permanent 
          Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of 
          Representatives.
target: Somalia Stabilization Act of 2013 - Expresses the sense of Congress that the United States should: (1) support the Somali Federal Government, regional administrations, federal units, and people in their efforts to consolidate political gains and develop credible and representative government systems and institutions; (2) support African-led regional efforts to improve security and stability in Somalia; (3) support the development of professional and regionally and ethnically representative Somali security forces; (4) provide humanitarian assistance as needed while building a foundation for Somalia's development; and (5) carry out all diplomatic, economic, intelligence, military, and development activities in Somalia within the context of a comprehensive strategy coordinated through an interagency process. Directs the President to submit to Congress a strategy to guide future U.S. action in support of the government and people of Somalia to foster economic growth, counter armed threats to stability, and develop credible and representative government systems and institutions.
feat_title: Somalia Stabilization Act of 2013