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   LONDON — Surgeons in Britain have saved the life of a baby girl who was born with her heart outside her body as a result of a rare condition that usually leads to the termination of pregnancy or death, the hospital where she was treated said on Wednesday. 
   
   The Glenfield Hospital in Leicester, England, said the infant, now named Vanellope for a Disney character, was born with a rare condition known as ectopia cordis and had been thought to have less than a 10 percent chance of survival. The surgery to relocate her heart was said to be the first successful procedure of its kind performed on a newborn child in Britain, although a few comparable cases have been reported in the United States. 
   
   Her parents, Naomi Findlay, 31, and Dean Wilkins, 43, of Nottingham, England, discovered in June that they were expecting their first child. A scan at nine weeks showed ectopia cordis, with the heart and part of the stomach growing externally, the hospital said in a news release. 
   
   The condition is extremely rare — estimated at five to eight cases per one million live births. “Because of the risk of infection, as well as the risks from the associated defects, pregnancies may be terminated or babies may die in the womb or soon after birth,” the hospital said. 
   
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   “All the way through, it was, ‘The chances of survival are next to none. The only option is to terminate. We can offer counseling,’ and things like that,” Ms. Findlay, the mother, told The Leicester Mercury newspaper. ||||| Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption Against the odds: The story of baby Vanellope 
   
   A baby born with her heart outside her body has survived after surgery at Glenfield Hospital in Leicester. 
   
   Vanellope Hope Wilkins, who has no breastbone, was delivered three weeks ago by Caesarean section. 
   
   She has had three operations to place her heart back in her chest. 
   
   The condition, ectopia cordis, is extremely rare, with only a few cases per million births, of which most are stillborn. 
   
   The hospital says it knows of no other case in the UK where the baby has survived. 
   
   Her parents, Naomi Findlay, 31, and Dean Wilkins, 43, from Nottingham, say Vanellope is "a real fighter". 
   
   Naomi said: "It was a real shock when the ultrasound showed that her heart was outside her chest and scary because we didn't know what would happen." 
   
   The couple paid for a blood test which showed there were no chromosomal abnormalities and that made them determined to continue with the pregnancy. 
   
   Dean added: "We were advised to have a termination and that the chances of survival were next to none - no-one believed she was going to make it except us." 
   
   Naomi said having a termination was "not something she could do". 
   
   "To see, even at nine weeks, a heartbeat - no matter where it was. It was not something I was going to take away. 
   
   "In a way her strength gave me a strength to keep going," she added. 
   
   Vanellope had been due on Christmas eve but was delivered by Caesarean section on 22 November in order to reduce the chances of infection and damage to the heart. 
   
   There were around 50 medical staff present including obstetricians, heart surgeons, anaesthetists, neonatologists and midwives. 
   
   Image copyright Glenfield hospital Image caption Minutes after her birth, Vanellope's chest was covered with a sterile bag to keep her heart moist and reduce the risk of infection 
   
   Within 50 minutes of birth, the baby was undergoing the first of three operations to put her heart back inside the body. 
   
   In the most recent surgery, Vanellope's own skin was used to cover the hole in her chest. 
   
   Image caption Naomi and Dean with Vanellope 
   
   Frances Bu'Lock, consultant paediatric cardiologist, said: "Before she was born things looked very bleak but now they are quite a lot better - Vanellope is doing really well and has proved very resilient. 
   
   "In the future we may be able to put in some internal bony protection for her heart - perhaps using 3D printing or something organic that would grow with her." 
   
   A handful of children in the United States have also survived this condition. 
   
   Among them is Audrina Cardenas who was born in Texas in October 2012. 
   
   She also had surgery to place her heart back inside her chest and was sent home after three months. 
   
   Audrina was given a protective plastic shield to cover her chest. 
   
   Glenfield Hospital says Vanellope still faces "a long road ahead" - the major risk being infection. 
   
   Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption Baby born with heart outside body goes home 
   
   The next step is to take her off a ventilator, which is being used to aid her recovery from surgery. 
   
   Dean Wilkins said: "She defying everything - it's beyond a miracle." 
   
   The couple named Vanellope after a character in the Disney film "Wreck-It Ralph". 
   
   Naomi said: "Vanellope in the film is a real fighter and at the end turns into a princess so we thought it was fitting." ||||| Vanellope Hope Wilkins, who had her first surgery within an hour of delivery, is believed to be first baby in UK to survive with the extremely rare condition 
   
   A baby girl born with her heart outside her body is believed to be the first in the UK to survive with the extremely rare condition after undergoing three operations, the first within an hour of her birth. 
   
   At a nine-week scan, Vanellope Hope Wilkins was discovered to have the condition ectopia cordis, with her heart and part of her stomach growing externally. 
   
   
   
   Her parents, Naomi Findlay, 31, and Dean Wilkins, 43, of Bulwell, Nottinghamshire, were advised “termination” was the only option, they said. 
   
   
   
   But three weeks after her premature birth, by caesarean section on 22 November, Vanellope, who is named after a Disney princess, has survived three operations at Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, to move her heart back inside her chest. 
   
   
   
   Experts, including the consultant cardiologist, have said they do not know of another case in the UK where a baby has survived such a condition. 
   
   
   
   Describing their emotions on first being told of her chances, Findlay said: “I burst into tears. When we did the research, we just couldn’t physically look because the condition came with so many problems.” 
   
   
   
   Wilkins said: “We still didn’t know what we were looking at when we saw the scan, it looked like a little hamster with a hat on.” 
   
   
   
   They decided against termination, preferring to leave it to nature, and worried throughout the whole pregnancy. 
   
   
   
   Facebook Twitter Pinterest Vanellope Wilkins undergoes corrective surgery, in what is believed to be a UK first, at Glenfield Hospital. Photograph: University Hospitals of Leiceste/PA 
   
   The couple said they were told the first 10 minutes after birth were crucial as her ability to breathe would be essential. “But when she came out and she came out crying, that was it. The relief fell out of me,” said her mother. Her father said: “Twenty minutes went by and she was still shouting her head off – it made us so joyful and teary.” 
   
   
   
   Vanellope has undergone three operations carried out by a team of 50 staff at Glenfield Hospital. Immediately after her birth, she was wrapped in a sterile plastic bag. Consultant neonatologist Jonathan Cusack said: “At around 50 minutes of age, it was felt that Vanellope was stable enough to be transferred back to the main theatre, where she had been born, to the waiting anaesthetists, congenital heart disease and paediatric surgical teams who began the task of putting her entire heart back inside her chest.” 
   
   
   
   She was transferred to the paediatric intensive care unit where she was due to stay for at least several weeks while she got strong enough and big enough for her heart to be placed fully within her chest and covered with her skin. 
   
   
   
   After seven days, her chest was opened a bit more to create space to allow her heart to fit back in. In the average baby, there is an indent on the left lung which leaves space for the heart, but she did not have this. Over two weeks, her heart naturally made its way back into her chest as a result of gravity. 
   
   
   
   I felt guilty for thinking negative thoughts because here she is fighting. I’m glad I stuck to my guns not to terminate. Naomi Findlay, Vanellope’s mother 
   
   The latest operation involved taking skin from under her arms and moving it to join in the middle of her body. Surgeons had created a mesh that protected her heart as she did not have ribs or a sternum. As her organs fight for space inside her chest, she is still attached to a ventilation machine. 
   
   Babies born with the condition – one estimate is five to eight per million – have less than a 10% chance of survival. 
   
   
   
   Branko Mimic, the lead surgeon at the East Midlands Congenital Heart Centre, said: “Cases such as Vanellope’s, where everything else appears essentially normal, are even rarer, and whilst it would seem more hopeful she will do well, it is therefore almost impossible to be confident of this.” 
   
   
   
   Frances Bu’Lock, a consultant paediatric cardiologist at Glenfield Hospital, said she had described the chances of the baby surviving as remote. “I had seen one in foetal life around 20 years ago but that pregnancy was ended.” 
   
   
   
   Findlay said all the way through her pregnancy that she was warned the “chances of survival are next to nothing”. After the birth, she said, “I felt guilty for thinking negative thoughts because here she is fighting, and there was I, about to give up. I’m glad I stuck to my guns not to terminate though, I’m so glad.” 
   
   
   
   Wilkins said: “I lost hope a few times, if she didn’t move I’d say: ‘Has she moved today?’ and then, the next thing, she’d suddenly move and you’d go: ‘Oh she’s heard me’.” 
   
   
   
   They named their daughter after a character in the film Wreck-it Ralph. “Vanellope in the film is so stubborn and she turns into a princess at the end, so it was so fitting. The Hope part of her name is the fact that she has brought us hope, and my mum and dad, because even they, as grandparents, thought they would never get to see their granddaughter,” said Findlay. 
   
   
   
   Wilkins said: “Some mums still terminate and if we can get out there that there is a hope, and that it can be done, then it’s giving all those mums out there a chance.” His daughter’s name was a reminder, he said, “that there is that hope”. 
   
  
target: – Nine weeks into her pregnancy, Naomi Findlay was told "termination" was the only option. The fetus in her womb was growing a heart—but in a rare case of ectopia cordis, it was outside of the body, as was a portion of the stomach, giving the fetus less than a 10% chance of survival, reports the Guardian. Three weeks after giving birth a month prematurely, however, Findlay, 31, and Dean Wilkins, 43, are the proud parents of a baby girl believed to be the first in the UK to survive such a condition, joining a few others in the US, per the New York Times. Less than an hour after she was delivered via caesarean section on Nov. 22, Vanellope Hope Wilkins went into her first of three surgeries at Leicester's Glenfield Hospital to relocate her heart into her chest. Doctors say she's now doing well, though she remains on a ventilation machine. Getting to this point wasn't easy. After the first surgery, doctors had to wait for Vanellope's chest to grow to make room for the heart. With doctors assisting, the heart eventually moved into a cavity through gravity. Doctors then created a mesh to protect the heart, as Vanellope was born without ribs or a sternum, and in the final surgery, they covered the hole with skin taken from under the infant's arms. "In a way her strength gave me a strength to keep going," Findlay tells the BBC. "No one believed she was going to make it except us," adds Wilkins. "It's beyond a miracle." A pediatric cardiologist says Vanellope "has proved very resilient." The main focus now is to prevent infection, but "in the future we may be able to put in some internal bony protection for her heart, perhaps using 3D printing or something organic that would grow with her." (Heart surgery saved an unborn child in Canada.)