feat_summary_path: finished_summaries/gradesaver/The School for Scandal/section_1_part_0.txt
feat_book_id: The School for Scandal.act ii.scene i-scene iii
feat_summary_id: act ii
feat_summary: {"name": "Act II", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20180409073536/http://www.gradesaver.com/the-school-for-scandal/study-guide/summary-act-ii", "summary": "Act II opens with Sir Peter and his wife arguing about how much money she spends. They repeatedly bring up that she grew up in the country, not used to the lavish living of London; now, however, she wants money for all kinds of frivolous things, such as flowers in the winter. The two move on to arguing about the company Lady Teazle keeps: people who talk rudely about others and spread rumors. Lady Teazle sets off for Lady Sneerwell's house and Sir Peter agrees to join later. After his wife leaves, Sir Peter admits in a soliloquy that his wife is especially beautiful when she is angry. At Lady Sneerwell's, a group of society people are again pressuring Benjamin Backbite to share his writing. He shares a simple poem that he wrote while on horseback. Lady Teazle and Maria arrive at Lady Sneerwell's, and Lady Teazle tells Lady Sneerwell that her husband will come later. Everyone begins to gossip rudely about people absent from the gathering. They gossip especially about makeup, but Maria refuses to join in. Sir Peter arrives; he also dislikes the gossip that is happening, but it continues. The conversation turns to wit and good nature in general, with Sir Peter saying that he would prefer it if there were laws governing gossip in order to help preserve people's reputations. Sir Peter leaves and Sir Benjamin tells Lady Teazle that he could tell some gossip about Sir Peter himself. All but Joseph and Maria leave the stage. Joseph starts flirting with Maria but she refuses him once again, even as he kneels in front of her. Lady Teazle re-enters and finds Joseph kneeling in front of Maria. He thinks quickly and acts as if he had been begging Maria not to tell Sir Peter about the relationship she suspects between Joseph and Lady Teazle. Lady Teazle thinks that it would be strange for him to ask this while kneeling, but eventually she seems to believe him. Joseph, Maria, and Lady Teazle plan to join with the full group again, but they must not re-enter the party together since it would rouse suspicion. Lady Teazle exits first, and Joseph gives a soliloquy about how he once wanted to spend more time with Lady Teazle so that she would support his advances on Maria ; now, however, he has become too seriously involved with her. Scene III opens with Sir Oliver talking to Rowley about Sir Peter's marriage as he waits for his friend to come back home. Sir Oliver meets with Sir Peter, and they talk about Joseph and Charles. While Sir Peter praises Joseph, Sir Oliver thinks that Joseph may be a hypocrite; thus, Sir Oliver is not so quick to believe everything Sir Peter says.", "analysis": "The first issue introduced in Act II is the fraught relationship between Sir Peter and Lady Teazle, newlyweds with differences of personality and experience that keep them constantly arguing now that their period of wooing has ended. One of Lady Teazle's most biting remarks in this act underscores a theme that has already shown up in Act I and will continue to be a strong theme throughout the play: gender. Lady Teazle tells her husband, \"if you wanted authority over me, you should have adopted me, and not married me: I am sure you were old enough\" . Not only does this comment mock Sir Peter for his advanced age, something he is already self-conscious about due to the age difference between him and his new wife, but it also acknowledges the power structure he expected from marriage due to men's superior position in society at the time the play was written. Furthermore, the remark shows the two main choices women had in how they related to men: either as family members  or as love interests . As the argument between Lady Teazle and Sir Peter goes on in Act II, it becomes clear that it is not only about gender and power but also about money and social class. Sir Peter evidently felt that he was doing Lady Teazle a favor by taking her to London from the country, and he also was attracted to the simplicity of Lady Teazle's life and demeanor. However, Lady Teazle acutely feels the pressures put on her by upper-class London society to spend money on things like clothing and house decorations, along with the necessity of spreading gossip to solidify one's position as part of the in-group of wealthy society. Sir Peter chides her for these things, but he is more immune to these things Lady Teazle sees as necessities since he has always been wealthy and is a male--two factors that make it easier for him to maintain his social status. When Lady Teazle goes to a gathering at Lady Sneerwell's house, the audience witnesses another scene of vicious gossip. It is even more clear in this scene how many of the characters see wit and meanness as intertwined, as there is something of a battle of figurative language, especially between Lady Sneerwell, Sir Benjamin, and Lady Teazle. This conversation is mostly about the physical appearances and the use of makeup by some characters that we do not see in the play. This conversation is lively and humorous, including more meaningful names that Sheridan uses to highlight things about characters' qualities or roles in society. The focus on appearance, and especially on makeup, underscores the play's themes of the need to disguise one's true self in the public sphere, and the importance of beauty and age to one's social status. Satires are inherently political, pushing a particular message about an aspect of society that the author thinks needs to change or receive more attention and understanding. In this play, the theme of politics intertwines with the more general theme of gossip or scandal. It seems that there were not laws in place at the time to protect individuals from false rumors, or slander, which Sheridan shows has the power to ruin people's reputations and cause unrest in society as a whole. In this act, Lady Teazle challenges Sir Peter by asking, \"Would you restrain the freedom of speech?\" , and a scene later he has a prepared retort when the subject arises again, responding \"if  were to consider the sporting with reputation of as much importance as poaching on manors, and pass an act for the preservation of fame, I believe many would thank them for the bill...in all cases of slander currency, whenever the drawer of the lie was not to be found, the injured parties should have a right to come on any of the indorsers\" . Sir Peter believes punishment should be wrought both on the original creators of the rumor and those who spread them, something Mrs. Candour brought up earlier in the play, but which is perhaps only believed by the play's highly moral characters, Sir Peter and Maria. The word \"politics\" is used quite differently later in the act by Joseph Surface after he is caught by Lady Teazle while attempting to woo Maria. He clarifies to the audience in a soliloquy that he has been pretending to want to have an affair with Lady Teazle precisely to get her approval for his courting of Maria, but he pushed the game too far and is now romantically involved with Lady Teazle. He remarks, \"A curious dilemma, truly, my politics have run me into!\" , using politics to describe the push and pull of allegiances, plots, and lies, which is perhaps a more realistic view of politics than Sir Peter's optimistic ideas for the creation of moral and protective laws."}
text: ACT II  SCENE I.
  
  --SIR PETER and LADY TEAZLE
  
  SIR PETER. Lady Teazle--Lady Teazle I'll not bear it.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Sir Peter--Sir Peter you--may scold or smile, according to
  your Humour[,] but I ought to have my own way in everything, and what's
  more I will too--what! tho' I was educated in the country I know very
  well that women of Fashion in London are accountable to nobody after
  they are married.
  
  SIR PETER. Very well! ma'am very well! so a husband is to have no
  influence, no authority?
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Authority! no, to be sure--if you wanted authority over me,
  you should have adopted me and not married me[:] I am sure you were old
  enough.
  
  SIR PETER. Old enough--aye there it is--well--well--Lady Teazle, tho'
  my life may be made unhappy by your Temper--I'll not be ruined by your
  extravagance--
  
  LADY TEAZLE. My extravagance! I'm sure I'm not more extravagant than a
  woman of Fashion ought to be.
  
  SIR PETER. No no Madam, you shall throw away no more sums on such
  unmeaning Luxury--'Slife to spend as much to furnish your Dressing Room
  with Flowers in winter as would suffice to turn the Pantheon into a
  Greenhouse, and give a Fete Champetre at Christmas.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Lord! Sir Peter am I to blame because Flowers are dear in
  cold weather? You should find fault with the Climate, and not with me.
  For my Part I'm sure I wish it was spring all the year round--and that
  Roses grew under one's Feet!
  
  SIR PETER. Oons! Madam--if you had been born to those Fopperies I
  shouldn't wonder at your talking thus;--but you forget what your
  situation was when I married you--
  
  LADY TEAZLE. No, no, I don't--'twas a very disagreeable one or I should
  never nave married you.
  
  SIR PETER. Yes, yes, madam, you were then in somewhat a humbler
  Style--the daughter of a plain country Squire. Recollect Lady Teazle
  when I saw you first--sitting at your tambour in a pretty figured linen
  gown--with a Bunch of Keys at your side, and your apartment hung round
  with Fruits in worsted, of your own working--
  
  LADY TEAZLE. O horrible!--horrible!--don't put me in mind of it!
  
  SIR PETER. Yes, yes Madam and your daily occupation to inspect
  the Dairy, superintend the Poultry, make extracts from the Family
  Receipt-book, and comb your aunt Deborah's Lap Dog.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Abominable!
  
  SIR PETER. Yes Madam--and what were your evening amusements? to draw
  Patterns for Ruffles, which you hadn't the materials to make--play Pope
  Joan with the Curate--to read a sermon to your Aunt--or be stuck down to
  an old Spinet to strum your father to sleep after a Fox Chase.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Scandalous--Sir Peter not a word of it true--
  
  SIR PETER. Yes, Madam--These were the recreations I took you from--and
  now--no one more extravagantly in the Fashion--Every Fopery adopted--a
  head-dress to o'er top Lady Pagoda with feathers pendant horizontal and
  perpendicular--you forget[,] Lady Teazle--when a little wired gauze with
  a few Beads made you a fly Cap not much bigger than a blew-bottle, and
  your Hair was comb'd smooth over a Roll--
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Shocking! horrible Roll!!
  
  SIR PETER. But now--you must have your coach--Vis-a-vis, and three
  powder'd Footmen before your Chair--and in the summer a pair of white
  cobs to draw you to Kensington Gardens--no recollection when y ou were
  content to ride double, behind the Butler, on a docked Coach-Horse?
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Horrid!--I swear I never did.
  
  SIR PETER. This, madam, was your situation--and what have I not done
  for you? I have made you woman of Fashion of Fortune of Rank--in short I
  have made you my wife.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Well then and there is but one thing more you can make me
  to add to the obligation.
  
  SIR PETER. What's that pray?
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Your widow.--
  
  SIR PETER. Thank you Madam--but don't flatter yourself for though your
  ill-conduct may disturb my Peace it shall never break my Heart I promise
  you--however I am equally obliged to you for the Hint.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Then why will you endeavour to make yourself so
  disagreeable to me--and thwart me in every little elegant expense.
  
  SIR PETER. 'Slife--Madam I pray, had you any of these elegant expenses
  when you married me?
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Lud Sir Peter would you have me be out of the Fashion?
  
  SIR PETER. The Fashion indeed!--what had you to do with the Fashion
  before you married me?
  
  LADY TEAZLE. For my Part--I should think you would like to have your
  wife thought a woman of Taste--
  
  SIR PETER. Aye there again--Taste! Zounds Madam you had no Taste when
  you married me--
  
  LADY TEAZLE. That's very true indeed Sir Peter! after having married you
  I should never pretend to Taste again I allow.
  
  SIR PETER. So--so then--Madam--if these are your Sentiments pray how
  came I to be honour'd with your Hand?
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Shall I tell you the Truth?
  
  SIR PETER. If it's not too great a Favour.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Why the Fact is I was tired of all those agreeable
  Recreations which you have so good naturally [naturedly] Described--and
  having a Spirit to spend and enjoy a Fortune--I determined to marry the
  first rich man that would have me.
  
  SIR PETER. A very honest confession--truly--but pray madam was there no
  one else you might have tried to ensnare but me.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. O lud--I drew my net at several but you were the only one I
  could catch.
  
  SIR PETER. This is plain dealing indeed--
  
  LADY TEAZLE. But now Sir Peter if we have finish'd our daily Jangle I
  presume I may go to my engagement at Lady Sneerwell's?
  
  SIR PETER. Aye--there's another Precious circumstance--a charming set of
  acquaintance--you have made there!
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Nay Sir Peter they are People of Rank and Fortune--and
  remarkably tenacious of reputation.
  
  SIR PETER. Yes egad they are tenacious of Reputation with a vengeance,
  for they don't chuse anybody should have a Character but themselves!
  Such a crew! Ah! many a wretch has rid on hurdles who has done less
  mischief than these utterers of forged Tales, coiners of Scandal, and
  clippers of Reputation.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. What would you restrain the freedom of speech?
  
  SIR PETER. Aye they have made you just as bad [as] any one of the
  Society.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Why--I believe I do bear a Part with a tolerable Grace--But
  I vow I bear no malice against the People I abuse, when I say an
  ill-natured thing, 'tis out of pure Good Humour--and I take it for
  granted they deal exactly in the same manner with me, but Sir Peter you
  know you promised to come to Lady Sneerwell's too.
  
  SIR PETER. Well well I'll call in, just to look after my own character.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Then, indeed, you must make Haste after me, or you'll be
  too late--so good bye to ye.
  
  SIR PETER. So--I have gain'd much by my intended expostulation--yet
  with what a charming air she contradicts every thing I say--and how
  pleasingly she shows her contempt of my authority--Well tho' I can't
  make her love me, there is certainly a great satisfaction in quarrelling
  with her; and I think she never appears to such advantage as when she is
  doing everything in her Power to plague me.
  
       [Exit.]
  
  
  
  
  
  SCENE II.
  
  --At LADY SNEERWELL'S
  
       LADY SNEERWELL, MRS. CANDOUR, CRABTREE, SIR BENJAMIN BACKBITE,
       and SURFACE
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. Nay, positively, we will hear it.
  
  SURFACE. Yes--yes the Epigram by all means.
  
  SiR BENJAMIN. O plague on't unkle--'tis mere nonsense--
  
  CRABTREE. No no; 'fore gad very clever for an extempore!
  
  SIR BENJAMIN. But ladies you should be acquainted with the
  circumstances. You must know that one day last week as Lady Betty
  Curricle was taking the Dust in High Park, in a sort of duodecimo
  Phaeton--she desired me to write some verses on her Ponies--upon which I
  took out my Pocket-Book--and in one moment produced--the following:--
  
     'Sure never were seen two such beautiful Ponies;
     Other Horses are Clowns--and these macaronies,
     Nay to give 'em this Title, I'm sure isn't wrong,
     Their Legs are so slim--and their Tails are so long.
  
  CRABTREE. There Ladies--done in the smack of a whip and on Horseback
  too.
  
  SURFACE. A very Phoebus, mounted--indeed Sir Benjamin.
  
  SIR BENJAMIN. Oh dear Sir--Trifles--Trifles.
  
       Enter LADY TEAZLE and MARIA
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. I must have a Copy--
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. Lady Teazle--I hope we shall see Sir Peter?
  
  LADY TEAZLE. I believe He'll wait on your Ladyship presently.
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. Maria my love you look grave. Come, you sit down to
  Piquet with Mr. Surface.
  
  MARIA. I take very little Pleasure in cards--however, I'll do as you
  Please.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. I am surprised Mr. Surface should sit down her--I thought
  He would have embraced this opportunity of speaking to me before Sir
  Peter came--[Aside.]
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. Now, I'll die but you are so scandalous I'll forswear your
  society.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. What's the matter, Mrs. Candour?
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. They'll not allow our friend Miss Vermillion to be
  handsome.
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. Oh, surely she is a pretty woman. . . .
  
  [CRABTREE.] I am very glad you think so ma'am.
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. She has a charming fresh Colour.
  
  CRABTREE. Yes when it is fresh put on--
  
  LADY TEAZLE. O fie! I'll swear her colour is natural--I have seen it
  come and go--
  
  CRABTREE. I dare swear you have, ma'am: it goes of a Night, and comes
  again in the morning.
  
  SIR BENJAMIN. True, uncle, it not only comes and goes but what's more
  egad her maid can fetch and carry it--
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. Ha! ha! ha! how I hate to hear you talk so! But surely,
  now, her Sister, is or was very handsome.
  
  CRABTREE. Who? Mrs. Stucco? O lud! she's six-and-fifty if she's an hour!
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. Now positively you wrong her[;] fifty-two, or fifty-three
  is the utmost--and I don't think she looks more.
  
  SIR BENJAMIN. Ah! there's no judging by her looks, unless one was to see
  her Face.
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. Well--well--if she does take some pains to repair the
  ravages of Time--you must allow she effects it with great ingenuity--and
  surely that's better than the careless manner in which the widow Ocre
  chaulks her wrinkles.
  
  SIR BENJAMIN. Nay now--you are severe upon the widow--come--come, it
  isn't that she paints so ill--but when she has finished her Face she
  joins it on so badly to her Neck, that she looks like a mended Statue,
  in which the Connoisseur sees at once that the Head's modern tho' the
  Trunk's antique----
  
  CRABTREE. Ha! ha! ha! well said, Nephew!
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. Ha! ha! ha! Well, you make me laugh but I vow I hate you
  for it--what do you think of Miss Simper?
  
  SIR BENJAMIN. Why, she has very pretty Teeth.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Yes and on that account, when she is neither speaking nor
  laughing (which very seldom happens)--she never absolutely shuts her
  mouth, but leaves it always on a-Jar, as it were----
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. How can you be so ill-natured!
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Nay, I allow even that's better than the Pains Mrs. Prim
  takes to conceal her losses in Front--she draws her mouth till it
  resembles the aperture of a Poor's-Box, and all her words appear to
  slide out edgewise.
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. Very well Lady Teazle I see you can be a little severe.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. In defence of a Friend it is but justice, but here comes
  Sir Peter to spoil our Pleasantry.
  
       Enter SIR PETER
  
  SIR PETER. Ladies, your obedient--Mercy on me--here is the whole set! a
  character's dead at every word, I suppose.
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. I am rejoiced you are come, Sir Peter--they have been so
  censorious and Lady Teazle as bad as any one.
  
  SIR PETER. That must be very distressing to you, Mrs. Candour I dare
  swear.
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. O they will allow good Qualities to nobody--not even good
  nature to our Friend Mrs. Pursy.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. What, the fat dowager who was at Mrs. Codrille's
  [Quadrille's] last Night?
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. Nay--her bulk is her misfortune and when she takes such
  Pains to get rid of it you ought not to reflect on her.
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. 'Tis very true, indeed.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Yes, I know she almost lives on acids and small whey--laces
  herself by pulleys and often in the hottest noon of summer you may
  see her on a little squat Pony, with her hair plaited up behind like a
  Drummer's and puffing round the Ring on a full trot.
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. I thank you Lady Teazle for defending her.
  
  SIR PETER. Yes, a good Defence, truly!
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. But for Sir Benjamin, He is as censorious as Miss Sallow.
  
  CRABTREE. Yes and she is a curious Being to pretend to be censorious--an
  awkward Gawky, without any one good Point under Heaven!
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. Positively you shall not be so very severe. Miss
  Sallow is a Relation of mine by marriage, and, as for her Person great
  allowance is to be made--for, let me tell you a woman labours under many
  disadvantages who tries to pass for a girl at six-and-thirty.
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. Tho', surely she is handsome still--and for the weakness
  in her eyes considering how much she reads by candle-light it is not to
  be wonder'd at.
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. True and then as to her manner--upon my word I think
  it is particularly graceful considering she never had the least
  Education[:] for you know her Mother was a Welch milliner, and her
  Father a sugar-Baker at Bristow.--
  
  SIR BENJAMIN. Ah! you are both of you too good-natured!
  
  SIR PETER. Yes, damned good-natured! Her own relation! mercy on me!
  [Aside.]
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. For my Part I own I cannot bear to hear a friend
  ill-spoken of?
  
  SIR PETER. No, to be sure!
  
  SIR BENJAMIN. Ah you are of a moral turn Mrs. Candour and can sit for an
  hour to hear Lady Stucco talk sentiments.
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. Nay I vow Lady Stucco is very well with the Dessert
  after Dinner for she's just like the Spanish Fruit one cracks for
  mottoes--made up of Paint and Proverb.
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. Well, I never will join in ridiculing a Friend--and so I
  constantly tell my cousin Ogle--and you all know what pretensions she
  has to be critical in Beauty.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. O to be sure she has herself the oddest countenance that
  ever was seen--'tis a collection of Features from all the different
  Countries of the globe.
  
  SIR BENJAMIN. So she has indeed--an Irish Front----
  
  CRABTREE. Caledonian Locks----
  
  SIR BENJAMIN. Dutch Nose----
  
  CRABTREE. Austrian Lips----
  
  SIR BENJAMIN. Complexion of a Spaniard----
  
  CRABTREE. And Teeth a la Chinoise----
  
  SIR BENJAMIN. In short, her Face resembles a table d'hote at Spa--where
  no two guests are of a nation----
  
  CRABTREE. Or a Congress at the close of a general War--wherein all the
  members even to her eyes appear to have a different interest and her
  Nose and Chin are the only Parties likely to join issue.
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. Ha! ha! ha!
  
  SIR PETER. Mercy on my Life[!] a Person they dine with twice a week!
  [Aside.]
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. Go--go--you are a couple of provoking Toads.
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. Nay but I vow you shall not carry the Laugh off so--for
  give me leave to say, that Mrs. Ogle----
  
  SIR PETER. Madam--madam--I beg your Pardon--there's no stopping these
  good Gentlemen's Tongues--but when I tell you Mrs. Candour that the Lady
  they are abusing is a particular Friend of mine, I hope you'll not take
  her Part.
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. Ha! ha! ha! well said, Sir Peter--but you are a cruel
  creature--too Phlegmatic yourself for a jest and too peevish to allow
  wit in others.
  
  SIR PETER. Ah Madam true wit is more nearly allow'd [allied?] to good
  Nature than your Ladyship is aware of.
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. True Sir Peter--I believe they are so near akin that
  they can never be united.
  
  SIR BENJAMIN. O rather Madam suppose them man and wife because one
  seldom sees them together.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. But Sir Peter is such an Enemy to Scandal I believe He
  would have it put down by Parliament.
  
  SIR PETER. 'Fore heaven! Madam, if they were to consider the Sporting
  with Reputation of as much importance as poaching on manors--and pass
  an Act for the Preservation of Fame--there are many would thank them for
  the Bill.
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. O Lud! Sir Peter would you deprive us of our
  Privileges--
  
  SIR PETER. Aye Madam--and then no person should be permitted to
  kill characters or run down reputations, but qualified old Maids and
  disappointed Widows.--
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. Go, you monster--
  
  MRS. CANDOUR. But sure you would not be quite so severe on those who
  only report what they hear?
  
  SIR PETER. Yes Madam, I would have Law Merchant for that too--and in all
  cases of slander currency, whenever the Drawer of the Lie was not to
  be found, the injured Party should have a right to come on any of the
  indorsers.
  
  CRABTREE. Well for my Part I believe there never was a Scandalous Tale
  without some foundation.<3>
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. Come Ladies shall we sit down to Cards in the next Room?
  
       Enter SERVANT, whispers SIR PETER
  
  SIR PETER. I'll be with them directly.--
  
       [Exit SERVANT.]
  I'll get away unperceived.
  
  LADY SNEERWELL. Sir Peter you are not leaving us?
  
  SIR PETER. Your Ladyship must excuse me--I'm called away by particular
  Business--but I leave my Character behind me--
  
       [Exit.]
  
  SIR BENJAMIN. Well certainly Lady Teazle that lord of yours is a
  strange being--I could tell you some stories of him would make you laugh
  heartily if He wern't your Husband.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. O pray don't mind that--come do let's hear 'em.
  
       [join the rest of the Company going into the Next Room.]
  
  SURFACE. Maria I see you have no satisfaction in this society.
  
  MARIA. How is it possible I should? If to raise malicious smiles at the
  infirmities or misfortunes of those who have never injured us be
  the province of wit or Humour, Heaven grant me a double Portion of
  Dullness--
  
  SURFACE. Yet they appear more ill-natured than they are--they have no
  malice at heart--
  
  MARIA. Then is their conduct still more contemptible[;] for in my
  opinion--nothing could excuse the intemperance of their tongues but a
  natural and ungovernable bitterness of Mind.
  
  SURFACE. Undoubtedly Madam--and it has always been a sentiment of
  mine--that to propagate a malicious Truth wantonly--is more despicable
  than to falsify from Revenge, but can you Maria feel thus [f]or others
  and be unkind to me alone--nay is hope to be denied the tenderest
  Passion.--
  
  MARIA. Why will you distress me by renewing this subject--
  
  SURFACE. Ah! Maria! you would not treat me thus and oppose your
  guardian's Sir Peter's wishes--but that I see that my Profligate Brother
  is still a favour'd Rival.
  
  MARIA. Ungenerously urged--but whatever my sentiments of that
  unfortunate young man are, be assured I shall not feel more bound to
  give him up because his Distresses have sunk him so low as to deprive
  him of the regard even of a Brother.
  
  SURFACE. Nay but Maria do not leave me with a Frown--by all that's
  honest, I swear----Gad's Life here's Lady Teazle--you must not--no you
  shall--for tho' I have the greatest Regard for Lady Teazle----
  
  MARIA. Lady Teazle!
  
  SURFACE. Yet were Sir Peter to suspect----
  
       [Enter LADY TEAZLE, and comes forward]
  
  LADY TEAZLE. What's this, Pray--do you take her for me!--Child you are
  wanted in the next Room.--What's all this, pray--
  
  SURFACE. O the most unlucky circumstance in Nature. Maria has somehow
  suspected the tender concern I have for your happiness, and threaten'd
  to acquaint Sir Peter with her suspicions--and I was just endeavouring
  to reason with her when you came.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Indeed but you seem'd to adopt--a very tender mode of
  reasoning--do you usually argue on your knees?
  
  SURFACE. O she's a Child--and I thought a little Bombast----but Lady
  Teazle when are you to give me your judgment on my Library as you
  promised----
  
  LADY TEAZLE. No--no I begin to think it would be imprudent--and you know
  I admit you as a Lover no farther than Fashion requires.
  
  SURFACE. True--a mere Platonic Cicisbeo, what every London wife is
  entitled to.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Certainly one must not be out of the Fashion--however, I
  have so much of my country Prejudices left--that--though Sir Peter's ill
  humour may vex me ever so, it never shall provoke me to----
  
  SURFACE. The only revenge in your Power--well I applaud your moderation.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Go--you are an insinuating Hypocrite--but we shall be
  miss'd--let us join the company.
  
  SURFACE. True, but we had best not return together.
  
  LADY TEAZLE. Well don't stay--for Maria shan't come to hear any more of
  your Reasoning, I promise you--
  
       [Exit.]
  
  SURFACE. A curious Dilemma truly my Politics have run me into. I wanted
  at first only to ingratiate myself with Lady Teazle that she might not
  be my enemy with Maria--and I have I don't know how--become her
  serious Lover, so that I stand a chance of Committing a Crime I never
  meditated--and probably of losing Maria by the Pursuit!--Sincerely I
  begin to wish I had never made such a Point of gaining so very good a
  character, for it has led me into so many curst Rogueries that I doubt I
  shall be exposed at last.
  
       [Exit.]
  
  
  
  
  
  SCENE III.
  
  --At SIR PETER'S
  
       --ROWLEY and SIR OLIVER--
  
  SIR OLIVER. Ha! ha! ha! and so my old Friend is married, hey?--a young
  wife out of the country!--ha! ha! that he should have stood Bluff to old
  Bachelor so long and sink into a Husband at last!
  
  ROWLEY. But you must not rally him on the subject Sir Oliver--'tis a
  tender Point I assure you though He has been married only seven months.
  
  SIR OLIVER. Ah then he has been just half a year on the stool
  of Repentance--Poor Peter! But you say he has entirely given up
  Charles--never sees him, hey?
  
  ROWLEY. His Prejudice against him is astonishing--and I am sure greatly
  increased by a jealousy of him with Lady Teazle--which he has
  been industriously led into by a scandalous Society--in the
  neighbourhood--who have contributed not a little to Charles's ill name.
  Whereas the truth is[,] I believe[,] if the lady is partial to either of
  them his Brother is the Favourite.
  
  SIR OLIVER. Aye--I know--there are a set of malicious prating prudent
  Gossips both male and Female, who murder characters to kill time, and
  will rob a young Fellow of his good name before He has years to know the
  value of it. . . but I am not to be prejudiced against my nephew by
  such I promise you! No! no--if Charles has done nothing false or mean, I
  shall compound for his extravagance.
  
  ROWLEY. Then my life on't, you will reclaim him. Ah, Sir, it gives me
  new vigour to find that your heart is not turned against him--and that
  the son of my good old master has one friend however left--
  
  SIR OLIVER. What! shall I forget Master Rowley--when I was at his
  house myself--egad my Brother and I were neither of us very prudent
  youths--and yet I believe you have not seen many better men than your
  old master was[.]
  
  ROWLEY. 'Tis this Reflection gives me assurance that Charles may yet be
  a credit to his Family--but here comes Sir Peter----
  
  SIR OLIVER. Egad so He does--mercy on me--He's greatly altered--and
  seems to have a settled married look--one may read Husband in his Face
  at this Distance.--
  
       Enter SIR PETER
  
  SIR PETER. Ha! Sir Oliver--my old Friend--welcome to England--a thousand
  Times!
  
  SIR OLIVER. Thank you--thank you--Sir Peter--and Efaith I am as glad to
  find you well[,] believe me--
  
  SIR PETER. Ah! 'tis a long time since we met--sixteen year I doubt Sir
  Oliver--and many a cross accident in the Time--
  
  SIR OLIVER. Aye I have had my share--but, what[!] I find you are
  married--hey my old Boy--well--well it can't be help'd--and so I wish
  you joy with all my heart--
  
  SIR PETER. Thank you--thanks Sir Oliver.--Yes, I have entered into the
  happy state but we'll not talk of that now.
  
  SIR OLIVER. True true Sir Peter old Friends shouldn't begin on
  grievances at first meeting. No, no--
  
  ROWLEY. Take care pray Sir----
  
  SIR OLIVER. Well--so one of my nephews I find is a wild Rogue--hey?
  
  SIR PETER. Wild!--oh! my old Friend--I grieve for your disappointment
  there--He's a lost young man indeed--however his Brother will make you
  amends; Joseph is indeed what a youth should be--everybody in the world
  speaks well of him--
  
  SIR OLIVER. I am sorry to hear it--he has too good a character to be an
  honest Fellow. Everybody speaks well of him! Psha! then He has bow'd as
  low to Knaves and Fools as to the honest dignity of Virtue.
  
  SIR PETER. What Sir Oliver do you blame him for not making Enemies?
  
  SIR OLIVER. Yes--if He has merit enough to deserve them.
  
  SIR PETER. Well--well--you'll be convinced when you know him--'tis
  edification to hear him converse--he professes the noblest Sentiments.
  
  SIR OLIVER. Ah plague on his Sentiments--if he salutes me with a scrap
  sentence of morality in his mouth I shall be sick directly--but however
  don't mistake me Sir Peter I don't mean to defend Charles's Errors--but
  before I form my judgment of either of them, I intend to make a trial of
  their Hearts--and my Friend Rowley and I have planned something for the
  Purpose.
  
  ROWLEY. And Sir Peter shall own he has been for once mistaken.
  
  SIR PETER. My life on Joseph's Honour----
  
  SIR OLIVER. Well come give us a bottle of good wine--and we'll drink the
  Lads' Healths and tell you our scheme.
  
  SIR PETER. Alons [Allons], then----
  
  SIR OLIVER. But don't Sir Peter be so severe against your old Friend's
  son.
  
  SIR PETER. 'Tis his Vices and Follies have made me his Enemy.--
  
  ROWLEY. Come--come--Sir Peter consider how early He was left to his own
  guidance.
  
  SIR OLIVER. Odds my Life--I am not sorry that He has run out of the
  course a little--for my Part, I hate to see dry Prudence clinging to
  the green juices of youth--'tis like ivy round a sapling and spoils the
  growth of the Tree.
  
       END OF THE SECOND ACT
  
  
  
  
  
  
feat_summary_name: Act II
target: Act II opens with Sir Peter and his wife arguing about how much money she spends. They repeatedly bring up that she grew up in the country, not used to the lavish living of London; now, however, she wants money for all kinds of frivolous things, such as flowers in the winter. The two move on to arguing about the company Lady Teazle keeps: people who talk rudely about others and spread rumors. Lady Teazle sets off for Lady Sneerwell's house and Sir Peter agrees to join later. After his wife leaves, Sir Peter admits in a soliloquy that his wife is especially beautiful when she is angry. At Lady Sneerwell's, a group of society people are again pressuring Benjamin Backbite to share his writing. He shares a simple poem that he wrote while on horseback. Lady Teazle and Maria arrive at Lady Sneerwell's, and Lady Teazle tells Lady Sneerwell that her husband will come later. Everyone begins to gossip rudely about people absent from the gathering. They gossip especially about makeup, but Maria refuses to join in. Sir Peter arrives; he also dislikes the gossip that is happening, but it continues. The conversation turns to wit and good nature in general, with Sir Peter saying that he would prefer it if there were laws governing gossip in order to help preserve people's reputations. Sir Peter leaves and Sir Benjamin tells Lady Teazle that he could tell some gossip about Sir Peter himself. All but Joseph and Maria leave the stage. Joseph starts flirting with Maria but she refuses him once again, even as he kneels in front of her. Lady Teazle re-enters and finds Joseph kneeling in front of Maria. He thinks quickly and acts as if he had been begging Maria not to tell Sir Peter about the relationship she suspects between Joseph and Lady Teazle. Lady Teazle thinks that it would be strange for him to ask this while kneeling, but eventually she seems to believe him. Joseph, Maria, and Lady Teazle plan to join with the full group again, but they must not re-enter the party together since it would rouse suspicion. Lady Teazle exits first, and Joseph gives a soliloquy about how he once wanted to spend more time with Lady Teazle so that she would support his advances on Maria ; now, however, he has become too seriously involved with her. Scene III opens with Sir Oliver talking to Rowley about Sir Peter's marriage as he waits for his friend to come back home. Sir Oliver meets with Sir Peter, and they talk about Joseph and Charles. While Sir Peter praises Joseph, Sir Oliver thinks that Joseph may be a hypocrite; thus, Sir Oliver is not so quick to believe everything Sir Peter says.
feat_summary_analysis: The first issue introduced in Act II is the fraught relationship between Sir Peter and Lady Teazle, newlyweds with differences of personality and experience that keep them constantly arguing now that their period of wooing has ended. One of Lady Teazle's most biting remarks in this act underscores a theme that has already shown up in Act I and will continue to be a strong theme throughout the play: gender. Lady Teazle tells her husband, "if you wanted authority over me, you should have adopted me, and not married me: I am sure you were old enough" . Not only does this comment mock Sir Peter for his advanced age, something he is already self-conscious about due to the age difference between him and his new wife, but it also acknowledges the power structure he expected from marriage due to men's superior position in society at the time the play was written. Furthermore, the remark shows the two main choices women had in how they related to men: either as family members  or as love interests . As the argument between Lady Teazle and Sir Peter goes on in Act II, it becomes clear that it is not only about gender and power but also about money and social class. Sir Peter evidently felt that he was doing Lady Teazle a favor by taking her to London from the country, and he also was attracted to the simplicity of Lady Teazle's life and demeanor. However, Lady Teazle acutely feels the pressures put on her by upper-class London society to spend money on things like clothing and house decorations, along with the necessity of spreading gossip to solidify one's position as part of the in-group of wealthy society. Sir Peter chides her for these things, but he is more immune to these things Lady Teazle sees as necessities since he has always been wealthy and is a male--two factors that make it easier for him to maintain his social status. When Lady Teazle goes to a gathering at Lady Sneerwell's house, the audience witnesses another scene of vicious gossip. It is even more clear in this scene how many of the characters see wit and meanness as intertwined, as there is something of a battle of figurative language, especially between Lady Sneerwell, Sir Benjamin, and Lady Teazle. This conversation is mostly about the physical appearances and the use of makeup by some characters that we do not see in the play. This conversation is lively and humorous, including more meaningful names that Sheridan uses to highlight things about characters' qualities or roles in society. The focus on appearance, and especially on makeup, underscores the play's themes of the need to disguise one's true self in the public sphere, and the importance of beauty and age to one's social status. Satires are inherently political, pushing a particular message about an aspect of society that the author thinks needs to change or receive more attention and understanding. In this play, the theme of politics intertwines with the more general theme of gossip or scandal. It seems that there were not laws in place at the time to protect individuals from false rumors, or slander, which Sheridan shows has the power to ruin people's reputations and cause unrest in society as a whole. In this act, Lady Teazle challenges Sir Peter by asking, "Would you restrain the freedom of speech?" , and a scene later he has a prepared retort when the subject arises again, responding "if  were to consider the sporting with reputation of as much importance as poaching on manors, and pass an act for the preservation of fame, I believe many would thank them for the bill...in all cases of slander currency, whenever the drawer of the lie was not to be found, the injured parties should have a right to come on any of the indorsers" . Sir Peter believes punishment should be wrought both on the original creators of the rumor and those who spread them, something Mrs. Candour brought up earlier in the play, but which is perhaps only believed by the play's highly moral characters, Sir Peter and Maria. The word "politics" is used quite differently later in the act by Joseph Surface after he is caught by Lady Teazle while attempting to woo Maria. He clarifies to the audience in a soliloquy that he has been pretending to want to have an affair with Lady Teazle precisely to get her approval for his courting of Maria, but he pushed the game too far and is now romantically involved with Lady Teazle. He remarks, "A curious dilemma, truly, my politics have run me into!" , using politics to describe the push and pull of allegiances, plots, and lies, which is perhaps a more realistic view of politics than Sir Peter's optimistic ideas for the creation of moral and protective laws.