Sui Dynasty, China - 53.0 million in 606 Tang Empire, China - 53.0 million in 755 Austro-Hungarian Empire - 52.8 million in 1914 Italian Empire - 51.9 million in 1938 Maurya Empire, India - 50.0 million in the 2nd century BC Achaemenid Empire - 49.4 million (in the 5th century BC) Jin Dynasty, China - 48.0 million in 1195.Percentage of world population  Achaemenid Empire, Persia  - 44.0% (49.4 million out of 112.4 million in the 5th century BC/480 BC) Sassanid Empire, Persia - 37.1% (78.0 million out of 210 million in the 7th century AD) Qing Empire, China - 36.6% (381.0 million out of 1.041 billion in 1820)<refname=Maddison/> Roman Empire - 35.9% (80.0 million out of 223 million in the 2nd century AD) Maurya Empire, India - 33.3% (50.0 million out of 150 million in the 2nd century BC) Umayyad Caliphate - 29.5% (62.0 million out of 210 million in the 7th century AD) Mughal Empire, India - 29.2% (175.0 million out of 600 million in 1700) Ming Empire, China - 28.8% (160.0 million out of 556.2 million in 1600) Tang Empire, China - 28.0% (70.0 million out of 250 million in 850 AD) Gupta Empire, India - 26.36% (58.0 million out of 220 million in 400 AD)  Han Empire, China - 26.0% (59.6 million out of 230 million in 2 AD)  Mongol Empire - 25.6% (110.0 million out of 429 million in the 13th century) Pala Empire, India  - 24.0% (60.0 million out of 250 million in 850) British Empire - 23.1% (531.3 million out of 2.295 billion in 1938)  Song Dynasty, China - 22.0% (59.0 million out of 268 million in 1000) Abbasid Caliphate - 20.0% (50.0 million out of 250 million in 850) Rashidun Caliphate - 19.1% (40.3 million out of 210 million in 7th century) Kushan Empire, India - 19.0% (42.37 million out of 223 million in 140) Tughlaq Dynasty, India - 18.91% (70.0 million out of 370 million in 1330) Spanish Empire - 12.3% (68.2 million out of 556 million in the 17th century) Mali Empire - 10.0% (45.0 million out of 450 million in the mid 15th century) Russian Empire - 9.8% (176.4 million out of 1.791 billion in 1913) Ottoman Empire - 7.1% (39.0 million out of 556 million in the 17th century) Japanese Empire - 5.9% (134.8 million out of 2.295 billion in 1938) Vijayanagara Empire, India - 5.0% (25.0 million out of 500 million in the 16th century) French Empire - 4.9% (112.9 million out of 2.295 billion in 1938) German Empire - 3.7% (64.9 million out of 1.753 billion in 1910) Dutch Empire - 3.5% (60.0 million out of 1.700 billion in 1907) Nazi German Empire - 3.3% (75.4 million out of 2.295 billion in 1938) Austro-Hungarian Empire - 2.9% (51.3 million out of 1.753 billion in 1910) Italian Empire - 2.3% (51.9 million out of 2.295 billion in 1938)Itokasi.. 
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