Australopithecines je oruko ti a n pe awon eya eranko ti o je mo Australopithecus ati Paranthropus ati awon ti o fe je mo egbe Kenyathropus,, Ardipithecus, ati Praeanthropus.Awon itokasiAyoka kukuru.. 
Àìpóṣù enzyme yìí ni wọ́n ń pè ní  4-hydroxybutyricacidudu, tí kò wọ́pọ̀ nínú ìbíní tí kò ṣe rẹ́gí níbi ètò neurotransmitter tí a ń pè ní G-Aminobutyric acid (GA).. 