The various influences in the processes and application domains make requirements engineering (RE) inherently complex and difficult to implement. In general, we have two options for establishing an RE approach: We can either establish an activity-based RE approach, or we can establish an artefact-based one where project participants concentrate on the RE artefacts rather than on the way of creating them. While a number of activity-based RE approaches have been proposed in recent years, we have gained much empirical evidence and experiences about the advantages of the artefact-based paradigm for RE. However, artefact orientation is still a young paradigm with various interpretations and practical manifestations whereby we need a clear understanding of its basic concepts and a consolidated and evaluated view on the paradigm. In this article, we contribute an artefact-based approach to RE [artefact model for domain-independent RE (AMDiRE)] that emerges from 6 years of experiences in fundamental and evidence-based research. To this end, we first discuss the basic notion of artefact orientation and its evolution in recent years. We briefly introduce a set of artefact-based RE models we developed in industrial research cooperations for different application domains and show their empirical evaluations and their dissemination into academia and practice, eventually leading to the AMDiRE approach. We conclude with a discussion of experiences we made during the development and different industrial evaluations, and lessons learnt.
Der folgende technische Bericht beschreibt das Requirements Engineering Reference Model (REM). Die Zielsetzung von REM ist: (1) Die Definition eines Referenzmodells fur das Requirements Engineering (RE) mittels Festlegung der Kernmenge von zu entwickelnden RE Artefakten (Arbeitsprodukten im RE) einer Systementwicklung und ihren Abhangigkeiten - das RE Artefaktmodell, und (2) Die Einfuhrung und Anpassung von produkt- und projekt-spezifischen RE Prozessen auf Basis des RE Artefaktmodells. REM ist das Ergebnis langjahriger Forschung und Industriekooperationen in den Bereichen Systems- und Software-Engineering, modell-basiertes Requirements Engineering und Prozessdefinition des Lehrstuhls fur Software und Systems Engineering an der TU Munchen. The following technical report of the Technische Universitat Munchen (TUM) describes the Requirements Engineering Reference Model (REM). The purposes of REM are: (1) to define a reference model for RE that provides the core set of RE artifacts (work products) and their interdependencies, and (2) to guide the establishment and maintenance of product- and project-specific RE processes. REM is the result of long-term research and industrial cooperations in the fields of systems and software engineering, model-based requirements engineering and process definition of the chair of Software and Systems Engineering at the TUM