GIDEON JOHANNES NIEUWOUDT
Mr Madaka at this stage acted very covertly because it is a consequence of these resistance actions that were taking place and this created fertile ground for the initiation of the people's war.  If you would allow me a moment to explain this please.  From 1978 onwards the executive management of the ANC outside the country inter alia the late Oliver Tambo visited Vietnam where they encountered the strategy of the people's war and where it originated.
	And during 1980, the fertile ground for the initiation of the people's war was created by mobilising the masses, by politicising the masses and by arming the masses.  That is where Madaka had a role in that structure in particular because the fertile ground had been created, the concept of revolutionary action had been created internally in the country, the masses have been indoctrinated, the have been politicised and they have been mobilised.  That is the spectrum  at which we are looking on the left from the freedom movements to topple the apartheid Government at the time and to effect this.  And these are the two poles that we have to look at and the spectrum that existed.  
	It's exactly what happened, that is where the late Mr Madaka played a role and that is the conflict which arose between the security police of the time and the liberation ideology at this stage.  The masses had been armed inside the country and that is why we had the series of attacks on - which took the form of bomb attacks, deeds of terror which were the order of the day at the time.  We have to look at it from this subjective point of view and analyse the situation.