SATHYANDRANATH RAGUNANAN MAC MAHARAJ
Charles Ndaba left the country round about 1982 to join Umkhonto weSizwe.  He underwent extensive military training.  After that training and before the training he was in the military camps in Angola, military camps of the ANC.  He served in those structures.  He was then moved to the neighbouring country, Mozambique and Swaziland and he functioned in Swaziland when conditions were extremely tense and dangerous.  The Umkomati Accord had been signed and as is now known it was preceded by a secret accord between Swaziland and Pretoria, which gave a free hand to the South African Security Forces to operate in Swaziland.  Numerous cadres had been bombed, had been shot. one of those included the one-time secretary of the Revolutionary Council, Cassius Maake.  I had operated in Swaziland myself, clandestinely, at one stage continuously for 6 months in 1982, so conditions were extremely dangerous.  You were in constant danger of being ambushed or kidnapped but Charles was working in a structure which was directly charged with prosecuting the military struggle in Natal.  He rose to be Commander of the Natal Machinery in 1988 and because of conditions in Swaziland where people used to get arrested and be deported, he was subsequently deported in 1988 to Zambia.  It is true that at that time there was some concern about the reliability of some of the members of the ANC structures and of Umkhonto weSizwe operating in Swaziland, so any withdrawals would go through a further screening in Zambia and his name came forward in that context.  But Mr Chairperson, ...(intervention).