JUDGE MGOEPE
Sorry, Mr Mpshe, I think we must decide whether we are talking about approval or on behalf of, because these two are different concepts.  You see, if approval of means would mean there was - well, there was a go-ahead beforehand, but you see if you do something on behalf of somebody, you can do it without the knowledge of that person, without the approval of that person.  Indeed, you can do it as I say, without that person knowing.  You can just decide yourself that you are doing this thing on behalf of such and such a person.  Now if this group of people, although initially they might have had the approval of the action committee to kidnap, if subsequently the ten of them wisely or unwisely - and we know in this case, unwisely - decided to act on behalf of, what is the problem about?  You see, if they act on behalf of, they don't necessarily need the prior authorisation, because then you fall back to the concept of approval.
PHOKENG HEARING	AMNESTY/GAUTENG
MR MPSHE	166	ADDRESS