### Instruction: Find $\begin{pmatrix} 2 \\ -5 \end{pmatrix} - 4 \begin{pmatrix} -1 \\ 7 \end{pmatrix}.$.### Response: This is a problem involving vector subtraction and scalar multiplication.
To subtract two vectors, I can subtract their corresponding components.
To multiply a vector by a scalar, I can multiply each component by the scalar.
So, $\begin{pmatrix} 2 \\ -5 \end{pmatrix} - 4 \begin{pmatrix} -1 \\ 7 \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 2 - 4(-1) \\ -5 - 4(7) \end{pmatrix}$
I can simplify the arithmetic inside the parentheses.
$\begin{pmatrix} 2 - 4(-1) \\ -5 - 4(7) \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 2 + 4 \\ -5 - 28 \end{pmatrix}$