Final Update: I bought a PCIe to m.2 riser which was very inexpensive, put the m.2 4TB drive in it, and everything worked great.
I have a Windows 10 Enterprise Precision 3640 Tower into which I installed a 4TB Crucial P3 Plus PCIe 4.0 NVMe M.2 SSD in the workstation's second m.2 slot as a non-boot drive. While the BIOS recognizes the drive, when I try to boot (not from this drive), I get a KERNEL_SECURITY_CHECK_FAILURE and get into a boot loop. If I remove the drive, everything works fine. I stuck the drive in another PC and loaded win11 on it as a test which seemed to work fine. 449-BBNJ : C1: M.2 SSD Boot + Optional M. 2 SSD 338-BVOH : Intel Core i9-10900 (10 Core, 20M cache, base 2.8GHz, up to 5.2GHz) DDR4-2933  
KERNEL_SECURITY_CHECK_FAILURE after I installed 2nd NVME drive