My guess is that may be your issue. Years ago I did that with Acronis because I didn't have a free port to put the drive in the machine and it failed. I then created an image stored on another drive, swapped in the new and restored to it. That's when i quit cloning, without realizing it was probably due to using usb for the clone. Good luck!
I am trying to replace the old Western Digital 1 tb HDD with a Crucial MX500 1Tb SSD. I cloned the drive with the Crucial Acronis software and swapped the drives. The system has secure boot off UEFI set but the system goes straight to automatic repair. I have tried legacy rather than UEFI with no success. With the clone attached via usb and booted from the old HDD the system storage manager shows the device partitions appear the same.
3847 SSD upgrade