ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Overview
Lantronix, Inc. (the “Company,” “Lantronix,” “we” or “us”) designs, develops, markets and sells secure communication technologies that simplify access to and communication with and between almost any electronic device. Our smart machine-to-machine (“M2M”) connectivity solutions enable sharing data between devices and applications to empower better decisions based on real-time information, and gain a competitive advantage by generating new revenue streams, improving productivity and increasing efficiency and profitability. Easy to integrate and deploy, Lantronix products remotely and securely connect devices via networks and the Internet. We have one operating and reportable business segment, device networking, which includes our device enablement and device management product lines. Our device enablement solutions enable digital and analog devices and sensors to be connected to a wired or wireless network for the primary purposes of remote access, control and data acquisition. Our device management solutions primarily serve information technology deployments; offering remote access, control and printing for data center, enterprise, manufacturing, branch office and home applications.
Our innovative networking solutions include fully-integrated hardware and software devices, as well as software tools, to develop related customer applications. We provide technologically agnostic solutions to broad market segments, including industrial and building automation, security, medical, transportation, retail/point-of-sale (“POS”), financial services, governmental, manufacturing, consumer electronics/appliances, information technology (“IT”), data centers and others.
We were initially formed as “Lantronix,” a California corporation, in June 1989. We reincorporated as “Lantronix, Inc.,” a Delaware corporation, in May 2000. Our worldwide headquarters is located in Irvine, California.
Our common stock is currently traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol LTRX.
Our Strategy
Our business strategy is based on our proven capability to develop fully-integrated device enablement and device management solutions that increase the value of our customers’ products and services by making them easy to access, control and monitor devices over the Internet or local-area network (“LAN”) using wired, wireless, or mobile solutions. By using our device enablement technology, customers can reduce basic data connection costs, reduce maintenance and repair costs, create differentiation based on better service and create new revenue sources from device-related services.
We have a robust product pipeline and continue to invest in making our products uniquely differentiated and valuable to our customers. Often we provide a complete solution of hardware and integrated software, and have been able to provide turnkey solutions for network-enabling a device, thus eliminating the need for our customers to utilize expensive design and manufacturing expertise in-house. This results in savings to the customer in terms of financial investment, time, and technology risk.
Products and Solutions; Segment Information
We have one operating and reportable business segment, device networking, which includes our device enablement and device management product lines.
Device Enablement Solutions
We provide original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”), system integrators and end-users with embedded and external device enablement solutions enabling their products to be securely connected, managed and controlled over networks. Our device enablement solutions dramatically shorten a manufacturer’s development time to implement network connectivity, provide competitive advantages and greatly reduce engineering and marketing risks.
Our device enablement solutions eliminate the high cost of ownership and support issues associated with networking, which frequently would otherwise require using personal computers (“PCs”) or workstations to perform connectivity and remote management functions. Our solutions contain high-performance processors capable of not only controlling the attached device(s), but in many cases are also capable of accumulating data and providing status. The accumulated data can then be formatted by the device enablement solution and presented to users via web pages, e-mail and other network, transport and application level protocols. Many OEMs actually host their application on the enablement device, further reducing their additional hardware and software costs, design cycles and product complexity. Our device enablement solutions have a built-in hypertext transfer protocol (“HTTP”) server, making them easy to manage using any standard Web browser. These device enablement solutions include the latest security protocols which support, among others, the stringent security requirements of the healthcare, banking and physical security markets. We are making continual enhancements to our product line to make our products even easier to integrate into enterprise and cloud infrastructures.
Device Management Solutions
These solutions include console servers, remote keyboard, video, mouse (“KVM”) servers, print servers, managed power distribution products, software and other miscellaneous products. We offer single and multi-port products (up to 48 ports) that provide IT professionals with the tools they need to remotely connect to the out-of-band management ports on computers and associated equipment.
Our customers use these solutions to monitor and run their systems to ensure the performance and availability of critical business information systems, network infrastructure and telecommunications equipment. The equipment our solutions manage includes routers, switches, servers, phone switches and public branch exchanges that are often located in remote or not easily accessible locations.
Our console servers provide system administrators and network managers an operationally effective way to connect with their remote or not easily accessible equipment through an interface called a console port, helping them work more efficiently, without having to leave their desk or office. Console ports are usually found on servers and special purpose data center equipment such as environmental monitoring/ control systems, communications switches and storage devices. With remote access, system downtime and service calls can be reduced, improving business efficiency. Our console servers provide IT professionals with peace of mind through extensive security features and, in some cases, provisions for dial-in access via modem. These solutions are provided in various configurations and can manage up to 48 devices from one console server.
Our print servers enable wireless printing for iOS devices such as iPads® and iPhones® using their native print menu. Our print servers eliminate the need to print through apps, install software, reconfigure the device, or e-mail documents for printing. Our print servers currently work with USB and network printers and multifunction copy machines for most major brands.
Net Revenue by Product Line
A summary of our net revenue by product line is found in Note 10 to the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this Report, which is incorporated herein by reference. A discussion of factors potentially affecting our operations is set forth in “Risk Factors” in Item 1A, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Markets
Our principal target markets include the following:
Security
Guarding corporate and customer data, protecting company property and ensuring employee safety are among the most important and challenging responsibilities companies face. As a leader in the physical security space, our solutions enable security solutions providers to build network connectivity into their products (such as security systems, including access control panels, biometric readers, surveillance cameras and fire systems) so they can be remotely accessed and managed over a network or the Internet. With secure data center management products, we are also a major provider in the market for data and computer asset security.
Industrial Automation
In the industrial automation environment - whether it’s on the factory floor, semiconductor fabrication clean room, oil platform, weather station, or a warehouse - our customers must depend on their equipment. These customers need the ability to remotely access, manage and control that equipment. With our industrial products, our customers can quickly and reliably connect virtually any piece of factory equipment to a network or the Internet to interactively access, manage, control, evaluate and utilize data from the factory equipment. This powerful, ruggedized, yet simple-to-implement technology provides the ability to perform real-time remote diagnostics and repair, automate data capture and sends notification of a problem.
Building Automation
An intelligent building automation system enables a facilities manager to better manage resources, improve building safety, and reduce energy costs. With our building automation technology, an intelligent building can be created, allowing managers to control virtually every system from a central location. By network-enabling devices quickly and cost-effectively, our building automation products make it possible to integrate building sub-systems (including security, HVAC, lighting, elevators and safety systems) into a single, efficient building management network. For example, the facilities manager at a large corporate campus can control many building elements from electrical and water metering to building access from a single terminal, and can also remotely and quickly diagnose system problems.
Energy
The energy market is increasingly implementing networking technology to more efficiently generate, transmit, distribute and monitor energy. Smart Grid initiatives are driven by adding intelligence to the power grid with networked information regarding the tighter management of power transmission and distribution all the way to the smart meter. With their versatility and protocol independence, our products can bring together a diverse array of devices on the network. In addition, our remote management capability makes our devices dependable tools for monitoring power allocations during critical high-demand periods. Metering, substations, and power-generating equipment are often located in environments where exposure to changing weather conditions is a real factor. Featuring DIN rail mounting and ruggedized housings, our industrial device enablement solutions are frequently the answer for these situations. Our embedded device products are also equipped to handle temperature extremes.
Our products address many facets of power management, including alternate sources such as wind and solar. For most power applications, the key is our ability to remotely control and manage devices in the field. Efficient acquisition of data and control across the network are key requirements for the energy industry. Our products can reduce power management system costs. And with their inherent scalability, they can network-enable existing serial devices and accommodate power system updates for years to come.
Information Technology and Data Centers
Companies can reduce service costs and system downtime while empowering IT managers and staff to securely, remotely and proactively access and troubleshoot equipment around the clock, even if the network is down. Our remote data center management products enable users to access, monitor, troubleshoot and manage IT and data center equipment from anywhere, at any time. Our data center management products also provide the authentication, authorization, encryption and firewall features needed to preserve data security and prevent hackers from disrupting operations. Our data center management products are beneficial to IT departments in virtually every industry sector and are trusted by major telecom companies, financial institutions, and governmental agencies. Our new generation of print servers enable printing to network and USB printers and multifunction copy machines in office and home environments from tablet computers and smartphones.
Healthcare
By network enabling medical devices, our solutions automate and safeguard data collection and dissemination, and facilitate remote patient monitoring, asset tracking and reduced service costs. Our products enable the electronic capture of medical device information for disparate medical devices and provide interfaces to health information technology systems including electronic medical records. Such a level of data collection and collaboration between doctors and healthcare professionals provides shortened diagnosis times, optimized patient care, and ultimately, save lives. Our solutions protect patient privacy with data kept on a highly secured network; eliminate worries about misplaced or overlooked handwritten records; allow less time spent on record keeping; reduce potential for errors like erroneous transcriptions; maximize staff mobility; facilitate collaboration with on and off-site doctors and specialists; and enable on and off-site monitoring.
Government
We have been a provider of networking and secure remote management technology to government agencies for nearly two decades. We manufacture several products with final assembly in the United States (“U.S.”) to meet trade compliance requirements.
Customers
Distributors
Sales to our distributors represent the majority of our revenue. Distributors resell our products to a wide variety of end customers including OEMs, value added resellers (“VARs”), consumers, corporate customers and government entities. We believe our distributor partnerships provide us more opportunities to reach a greater customer market than by solely relying on our own field sales team. We believe that our channel sales approach provides several advantages. We can engage the customers and end users through their channel of choice, making our solutions available from a variety of sources. We can concentrate on developing new relationships at accounts that we believe represent our largest opportunities while our channel partners continue to identify new incremental opportunities and service existing customers.
OEM Manufacturers
To shorten the development cycle and add network connectivity to a product, OEMs can use our external device enablement products to network-enable their installed base of products, while board-level embedded device products are typically used in new product designs. Our capabilities and solutions enable OEMs to focus on their core competencies, resulting in reduced research and development costs, fewer integration problems and faster time-to-market.
End Users
End users require solutions that are simple to install, set up and operate, and can provide immediate results. Generally, these customers need to connect to a diverse range of products and equipment, without modifying existing software and systems.
Customer Concentrations
A discussion concerning sales to our significant customers and related parties, sales within geographic regions as a percentage of net revenue and sales to significant countries as a percentage of net revenue are set forth in Note 10 to the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this Report, which is incorporated herein by reference. A discussion of factors potentially affecting our customer concentrations and foreign sales is set forth in “Risk Factors” in Item 1A, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Sales and Marketing
We maintain both an inside and a field sales force to provide management and support to our worldwide network of selling partners in an indirect sales model, which include distributors, manufacturers’ representatives, VARs and other resellers throughout the world. We have sales managers and Field Applications Engineers in major regions throughout the world that manage our relationship with our sales partners, identify and develop major new sales opportunities and increase penetration at existing high potential accounts. We implement marketing programs, tools and services specifically geared to drive demand for our products.
Our device enablement solutions are principally sold to manufacturers by our worldwide field sales force and our group of manufacturers’ representatives. We market and sell our device management solutions and select external device enablement solutions through IT resellers, industry-specific system integrators, VARs and directly to end users. Resellers and integrators often obtain our products through distributors. These distributors supply our products to a broad range of VARs, system integrators, direct marketers, government resellers and e-commerce resellers. In turn, these distributors market, sell, install and, in most cases, support our solutions to the end users.
Manufacturing
Our operations strategy is to outsource manufacturing to produce reliable, high quality products at competitive prices and to achieve on-time delivery to our customers. This practice enables us to concentrate our resources on design, engineering, sales and marketing. We manufacture several products with final assembly in the U.S. to meet trade compliance requirements.
We utilize contract manufacturers primarily located in China, Malaysia and Taiwan. Our contract manufacturers source raw materials, components and integrated circuits, in accordance with our pre-determined specifications and forecasts, and perform printed circuit board assembly, final assembly, functional testing and quality control. We believe this arrangement decreases our capital requirements and provides better raw material and component pricing, enhancing our gross margins and operating margins. Please see Part I, Item 1A
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
We operate in a rapidly changing environment that involves numerous risks and uncertainties. Before deciding to purchase, hold or sell our common stock, you should carefully consider the risks described in this section, as well as other information contained in this Report and in our other filing with the SEC. This section should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto, and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in this Report. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also adversely affect our business. If any of these risks or uncertainties actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects could be materially harmed. In that event, the market price for our common stock could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment.
We have a history of losses.
We incurred net losses of approximately $3.0 million and $5.3 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. There can be no assurance that we will generate net profits in future periods. Further, there can be no assurance that we will be cash flow positive in future periods. In the event we fail to achieve profitability in future periods, the value of our common stock may decline. In addition, if we were unable to maintain positive cash flows, we would be required to seek additional funding, which may not be available on favorable terms, if at all.
Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate, which could cause our stock price to decline.
We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, significant fluctuations in net revenue, expenses and operating results from quarter to quarter. We therefore believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our operating results are not a good indication of our future performance, and you should not rely on them to predict our future performance or the future performance of our stock. A high percentage of our operating expenses are relatively fixed and are based on our forecast of future net revenue. If we were to experience an unexpected reduction in net revenue in a quarter, we would likely be unable to adjust our short-term expenditures significantly. If this were to occur, our operating results for that fiscal quarter would be harmed. In addition, if our operating results in future fiscal quarters were to fall below the expectations of market analysts and investors, the price of our common stock would likely fall. Other factors that might cause our operating results to fluctuate on a quarterly basis include:
•changes in business and economic conditions, including global economic disruptions;
•changes in our ability to supply customer demand;
•changes in the mix of net revenue attributable to higher-margin and lower-margin products;
•customers’ decisions to defer or accelerate orders;
•variations in the size or timing of orders for our products;
•changes in demand for our products;
•fluctuations in exchange rates;
•defects and other product quality problems;
•loss or gain of significant customers;
•short-term fluctuations in the cost or availability of our critical components;
•announcements or introductions of new products by our competitors;
•effects of terrorist attacks in the U.S. and abroad;
•natural disasters in the U.S. and abroad;
•changes in demand for devices that incorporate our products; and
•our customers’ decisions to integrate network access and control directly onto their own platforms.
We may need additional capital and it may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all.
To remain competitive, we must continue to make significant investments to operate our business and continue the development of our products. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the timing and amount of our net revenue, research and development expenditures, expenses associated with any strategic partnerships or acquisitions and infrastructure investments, and expenses related to litigation, which could affect our ability to generate additional cash. If cash generated from operations and financing activities is insufficient to satisfy our working capital requirements, we may need to raise capital by borrowing additional funds through bank loans, the selling of securities or other means. Looking ahead at long-term needs, we may need to raise additional funds for a number of purposes, including:
• to fund working capital requirements;
• to update, enhance or expand the range of products we offer;
• to increase our sales and marketing activities;
• to fund the issuance up to 2.2 million shares of our common stock in connection with outstanding and/or future compensation awards; or
• to respond to competitive pressures or perceived opportunities, such as investment, acquisition and international expansion activities.
There can be no assurance that we will be able to raise any such capital on terms acceptable to us, if at all. If we are unable to secure such additional financing, we may not be able to develop or enhance our products, take advantage of future opportunities, respond to competition or continue to operate our business.
We may issue additional shares of common stock that may dilute the value of our common stock and adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
In April and May of 2012, we issued and sold an aggregate of 3,957,109 shares of our common stock. Our future capital requirements may require us to sell additional shares of our common stock. A large issuance of shares of our common stock may decrease the ownership percentage of current outstanding stockholders and result in a decrease in the market price of our common stock. A large issuance may also result in a change in control of the Company.
The terms of our amended credit facility may restrict our financial and operational flexibility and, in certain cases, our ability to operate.
The terms of our amended credit facility restrict, among other things, our ability to incur additional indebtedness, pay dividends or make certain other restricted payments, consummate certain asset sales, enter into certain transactions with affiliates, merge or consolidate with other persons, or sell, assign, transfer, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets. Further, we are currently and may in the future be required to maintain specified financial ratios, including a Minimum Tangible Worth (“Minimum TNW”) covenant and satisfy certain financial conditions. Our ability to meet those financial ratios and tests can be affected by events beyond our control, and there can be no assurance that we will meet those tests. Pursuant to amended credit agreement and the related loan and security agreement, we have pledged substantially all of our assets to our lender, Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”).
In May and June of 2011, we violated the Minimum TNW covenant and SVB provided a waiver and amended the covenant in August 2011. In January 2012, we entered into another amendment, which further reduced the Minimum TNW covenant. However, the calculated Minimum TNW covenant increased as a result of the completion a private placement and public offering of our common stock during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, from which we raised total net proceeds of $9.5 million. If we continue to generate net losses, it could result in us not meeting the Minimum TNW covenant. If the three-year $2.0 million term loan with SVB were to be called by SVB, we would be required to repay all amounts owed under such term loan. At that time, we may not have sufficient funds to repay SVB or to satisfy all of our other outstanding obligations. If we cannot satisfy our obligations, SVB may have the right to foreclose on our assets and we would have difficulty continuing as a going concern.
Current conditions in the global economy and the major industry sectors that we serve may materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Currently, about half of our revenue comes from overseas and our business and operating results will continue to be affected by worldwide economic conditions. The prolonged economic crises both in the U.S. and in Europe poses a risk as consumers and businesses postpone spending in response to tighter credit, unemployment, negative news and/or declines in income or asset values, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on demand for our products and services. As a result, existing or potential customers of our products may delay or cancel plans to purchase such products, which would have a material adverse effect on us. Accordingly, if the global economic slowdown continues for a significant period of time or if there is significant further uncertainty or deterioration in the global economy, our business, results of operations, financial position and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.
The current European debt crisis and related European financial restructuring efforts may cause the value of the European currencies, including the Euro, to deteriorate, thus reducing the purchasing power of European customers and reducing the amounts of U.S. dollar revenues. International sales have accounted for a significant percentage of our revenue and we anticipate that they will continue to account for a significant percentage of our revenue. In addition, the European crisis is contributing to instability in global credit markets. If market or economic conditions in Europe, the United States or other key markets such as the Middle East, and Asia remain uncertain, persist, or deteriorate further, customers' purchasing power and demand for our products could decline, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition results of operations and cash flows.
Delays in deliveries or quality problems with our component suppliers could damage our reputation and could cause our net revenue to decline and harm our results of operations.
We and our contract manufacturers are responsible for procuring raw materials for our products. Our products incorporate some components and technologies that are only available from single or limited sources of supply. In particular, some of our integrated circuits are only available from a single source and in some cases are no longer being manufactured. From time to time, integrated circuits and/or components used in our products will be phased out of production by the manufacturer. When this happens, we attempt to purchase sufficient inventory to meet our needs until a substitute component can be incorporated into our products. Nonetheless, we may be unable to purchase sufficient components to meet our demands, or we may incorrectly forecast our demands, and purchase too many or too few components. We have been experiencing higher component shortages and extended lead-times. In addition, our products use components that have in the past been subject to market shortages and substantial price fluctuations. From time to time, we have been unable to meet our orders because we were unable to purchase necessary components for our products. We do not have long-term supply arrangements with most of our vendors to obtain necessary components or technology for our products. If we are unable to purchase components from these suppliers, product shipments could be prevented or delayed, which could result in a loss of sales. If we are unable to meet existing orders or to enter into new orders because of a shortage in components, we will likely lose net revenues and risk losing customers and harming our reputation in the marketplace, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
If we lose the services of any of our contract manufacturers or suppliers, we may not be able to obtain alternate sources in a timely manner, which could harm our customer relations and adversely affect our net revenue and results of operations.
We do not have long-term agreements with most of our contract manufacturers or suppliers. If any of these subcontractors or suppliers were to cease doing business with us, we might not be able to obtain alternative sources in a timely or cost-effective manner. Due to the amount of time that it usually takes us to qualify contract manufacturers and suppliers, we could experience delays in product shipments if we are required to find alternative subcontractors and suppliers. Some of our suppliers have or provide technology or trade secrets, the loss of which could be disruptive to our procurement and supply processes. If a competitor should acquire one of our contract manufacturers or suppliers, we could be subjected to more difficulties in maintaining or developing alternative sources of supply of some components or products. Any problems that we may encounter with the delivery, quality or cost of our products from our contract manufacturers or suppliers could damage our customer relationships and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
If our contract manufacturers are unable or unwilling to manufacture our products at the quality and quantity we request, our business could be harmed.
We outsource substantially all of our manufacturing to five manufacturers in Asia: Esilicon Corp., Universal Scientific Industrial Company, LTD, Hana Microelectronics, Inc. Venture Electronics Services, and Uni Precision Industrial Ltd. In addition, two independent third party foundries located in Asia manufacture substantially all of our large scale integration chips. Our reliance on these third-party manufacturers exposes us to a number of significant risks, including:
•reduced control over delivery schedules, quality assurance, manufacturing yields and production costs;
•lack of guaranteed production capacity or product supply; and
•reliance on these manufacturers to maintain competitive manufacturing technologies.
Our agreements with these manufacturers provide for services on a purchase order basis. If our manufacturers were to become unable or unwilling to continue to manufacture our products at requested quality, quantity, yields and costs, or in a timely manner, our business would be seriously harmed. As a result, we would have to attempt to identify and qualify substitute manufacturers, which could be time consuming and difficult, and might result in unforeseen manufacturing and operations problems.
Due to the downturn in the economy, which has put some suppliers out of business, we have been experiencing higher component shortages. As we shift products among third-party manufacturers, we may incur substantial expenses, risk material delays or encounter other unexpected issues. In addition, a natural disaster could disrupt our manufacturers’ facilities and could inhibit our manufacturers’ ability to provide us with manufacturing capacity in a timely manner or at all. If this were to occur, we likely would be unable to fill customers’ existing orders or accept new orders for our products. The resulting decline in net revenue would harm our business.
We also are responsible for forecasting the demand for our individual products. These forecasts are used by our contract manufacturers to procure raw materials and manufacture our finished goods. If we forecast demand too high, we may invest too much cash in inventory, and we may be forced to take a write-down of our inventory balance, which would reduce our earnings. If our forecast is too low for one or more products, we may be required to pay charges that would increase our cost of revenue or we may be unable to fulfill customer orders, thus reducing net revenue and therefore earnings.
If a major distributor or customer cancels, reduces or delays purchases, our revenue might decline and our business could be adversely affected.
The number and timing of sales to our distributors have been difficult for us to predict. While our distributors are customers in the sense that they buy our products from us, they are also part of our product distribution system. One or more of our distributors could be acquired by a competitor and stop buying product from us.
The loss or deferral of one or more significant customers could significantly harm our operating results. We have in the past, and may in the future, lose one or more major customers. If we fail to continue to sell to our major customers in the quantities we anticipate, or if any of these customers terminate our relationship, our reputation and the perception of our products and technology in the marketplace could be harmed. The demand for our products from our OEM, VAR and systems integrator customers depends primarily on their ability to successfully sell their products that incorporate our device networking solutions technology. Our sales are usually completed on a purchase order basis and we have few long-term purchase commitments from our customers.
Our future success also depends on our ability to attract new customers, which often involves an extended sales process. The sale of our products often involves a significant technical evaluation, and we often face delays because of our customers’ internal procedures for evaluating and deploying new technologies. For these and other reasons, the sales cycle associated with our products is typically lengthy, often lasting six to nine months and sometimes longer. Therefore, if we were to lose a major customer, we might not be able to replace the customer in a timely manner, or at all. This would cause our net revenue to decrease and could cause our stock price to decline.
We may experience difficulties associated with utilizing third-party logistics providers.
A majority of our physical inventory management process, as well as the shipping and receiving of our inventory, is performed by third-party logistics providers in Los Angeles, California and Hong Kong. There is a possibility that these third-party logistics providers will not perform as expected and we could experience delays in our ability to ship, receive, and process the related data in a timely manner. This could adversely affect our financial position, results of operations, cash flows and the market price of our common stock.
Relying on third-party logistics providers could increase the risk of the following: failing to receive accurate and timely inventory data, theft or poor physical security of our inventory, inventory damage, ineffective internal controls over inventory processes or other similar business risks out of our immediate control.
If our research and development efforts are not successful, our revenue could decline and our business could be harmed.
If we are unable to develop new products as a result of our research and development efforts, or if the products we develop are not successful, our business could be harmed. Even if we do develop new products that are accepted by our target markets, the net revenue from these products may not be sufficient to justify our investment in the research and development of such products. On the other hand, if we do not invest sufficiently in research and development, we may be unable to maintain our competitive position. The continuing effects of the economic recession could require cost-containment measures, which could force us to reduce our investment in research and development and put us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors.
If we fail to develop or enhance our products to respond to changing market conditions, environmental regulations, and government and industry standards, our competitive position will suffer and our business will be adversely affected.
Our future success depends in large part on our ability to continue to enhance existing products, lower product cost and develop new products that maintain technological competitiveness and meet evolving government and industry standards. The demand for network-enabled products is relatively new and can change as a result of innovations, new technologies or new government and industry standards.
We operate in a market that is subject to frequent changes which could adversely affect our business. For example, we recently introduced the xPrintServer-Network Edition, a print solution for Apple iOS devices. The product’s success is dependent upon providing an easy to use print solution for iOS devices in the enterprise and consumer environment. If Apple were to change the iOS technology, or Apple or another competitor were to introduce a new print application or similar product, it could result in the xPrintServer becoming obsolete. If this were to happen, our revenue might not grow at the rate we anticipate, and it could decline.
Changes in governmental regulations have in the past, and may in the future, disrupt our business and cause us to substantially modify our products very quickly. For example, a directive in the European Union banned the use of lead and other heavy metals in electrical and electronic equipment after July 1, 2006. As a result, in advance of this deadline, some of our customers selling products in Europe demanded product from component manufacturers that did not contain these banned substances. Any failure by us to develop and introduce new products or enhancements in response to new government and industry standards could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations. These requirements might or might not be compatible with our current or future product offerings. We might not be successful in modifying our products and services to address these requirements and standards.
A number of competitors have greater resources than us and could develop competing technologies based on Internet Protocols, Ethernet Protocols or other protocols that have competitive advantages over our product offerings. If this were to happen, our net revenue might decline or grow at a rate less than we anticipate.
In addition, various countries have begun to require companies selling a broad range of electrical equipment to conform to regulations such as the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (“WEEE”) directive and we expect additional countries and locations to adopt similar regulations in the future. New environmental standards such as these could require us to redesign our products in order to comply with the standards, and require the development of compliance administration systems. We have already invested significant resources into developing compliance tracking systems, and further investments may be required. Additionally, we may incur significant costs to redesign our products and to develop compliance administration systems, which in turn could have an adverse effect on our gross profit margin. If we cannot develop compliant products in a timely manner or properly administer our compliance programs, our net revenue may also decline due to lower sales, which would adversely affect our operating results.
Certain of our products are sold into mature markets, which could limit our ability to continue to generate revenue from these products.
Certain of our products are sold into mature markets that are characterized by a trend of declining demand. As the overall market for these products decreases due to the adoption of new technologies or declining demand, we expect that our revenues from these products will continue to decline. As a result, our future results and prospects depend in part on our ability to generate revenue from new products that address growth markets.
We expect the average selling prices of our products to decline and raw material costs to increase, which could reduce our net revenue and gross margins and adversely affect results of operations.
In the past, we have experienced some reduction in the average selling prices and gross margins of products, and we expect that this will continue for our products as they mature. We expect competition to continue to increase, and we anticipate this could result in additional downward pressure on our pricing. Our average selling prices for our products might also decline as a result of other reasons, including promotional programs and customers who negotiate price reductions in exchange for longer-term purchase commitments. We also may not be able to increase the price of our products if the prices of components or our overhead costs increase. In addition, we may be unable to adjust our prices in response to currency exchange rate fluctuations or in response to price increases by our suppliers, resulting in lower gross margins. Further, as is characteristic of our industry, the average selling prices of our products have historically decreased over the products’ life cycles and we expect this pattern to continue. If any of these were to occur, our gross margins could decline and we might not be able to reduce the cost to manufacture our products to keep up with the decline in prices.
If we are unable to sell our inventory in a timely manner, it could become obsolete, which could require us to increase our reserves and harm our operating results.
At any time, competitive products may be introduced with more attractive features or at lower prices than ours. There is a risk that we may be unable to sell our inventory in a timely manner to avoid it becoming obsolete. In the event we are required to substantially discount our inventory or are unable to sell our inventory in a timely manner, we would be required to increase our reserves and our operating results could be substantially harmed.
New product introductions or pricing strategies by our competitors could reduce our market share or cause us to reduce the prices of our products, which would reduce our net revenue and gross margins.
The market for our products is intensely competitive, subject to rapid change and is significantly affected by new product introductions and pricing strategies of our competitors. We face competition primarily from companies that network-enable devices, semiconductor companies, companies in the automation industry and companies with significant networking expertise and research and development resources. Our competitors might offer new products with features or functionality that are equal to or better than our products. In addition, since we work with open standards, our customers could develop products based on our technology that compete with our offerings. We might not have sufficient engineering staff or other required resources to modify our products to match our competitors. Similarly, competitive pressure could force us to reduce the price of our products. In each case, we could lose new and existing customers to our competition. If this were to occur, our net revenue could decline and our business could be harmed.
Our products may contain undetected software or hardware errors or defects that could lead to an increase in our costs, reduce our net revenue or damage our reputation.
We currently offer warranties ranging from one to five years on each of our products. Our products could contain undetected errors or defects. If there is a product failure, we might have to replace all affected products without being able to book revenue for replacement units, or we might have to refund the purchase price for the units. Regardless of the amount of testing we undertake, some errors might be discovered only after a product has been installed and used by customers. Any errors discovered after commercial release could result in loss of net revenue and claims against us. Significant product warranty claims against us could harm our business, reputation and financial results and cause the price of our stock to decline.
If software that we license or acquire from the open source software community and incorporate into our products were to become unavailable or no longer available on commercially reasonable terms, it could adversely affect sales of our products, which could disrupt our business and harm our financial results.
Certain of our products contain software developed and maintained by third-party software vendors or are available through the “open source” software community. We also expect that we may incorporate software from third-party vendors and open source software in our future products. Our business would be disrupted if this software, or functional equivalents of this software, were either no longer available to us or no longer offered to us on commercially reasonable terms. In either case, we would be required to either redesign our products to function with alternate third-party software or open source software, or develop these components ourselves, which would result in increased costs and could result in delays in our product shipments. Furthermore, we might be forced to limit the features available in our current or future product offerings.
Our international activities are subject to uncertainties, which include international economic, regulatory, political and other risks that could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations.
We expect that international revenue will continue to represent a significant portion of our net revenue in the foreseeable future. Doing business internationally involves greater expense than domestic business and many risks. For example, because the products we sell abroad and the products and services we buy abroad may be priced in foreign currencies, we could be affected by fluctuating exchange rates. In the past, we have lost money because of these fluctuations. We might not successfully protect ourselves against currency rate fluctuations, and our financial performance could be harmed as a result. In addition, we use contract manufacturers based in Asia to manufacture substantially all of our products. International revenue and operations are subject to numerous risks, including:
•unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, taxes, trade laws and tariffs;
•reduced protection for intellectual property rights in some countries;
•differing labor regulations;
•compliance with a wide variety of complex regulatory requirements;
•fluctuations in currency exchange rates;
•changes in a country’s or region’s political or economic conditions;
•effects of terrorist attacks abroad;
•greater difficulty in staffing and managing foreign operations; and
•increased financial accounting and reporting burdens and complexities.
Our international operations require significant attention from our management and substantial financial resources. We do not know whether our investments in other countries will produce desired levels of net revenues or operating results.
We are exposed to foreign currency exchange risks, which could harm our business and operating results.
We hold a portion of our cash balance in foreign currencies, and as such are exposed to adverse changes in exchange rates associated with foreign currency fluctuations. However, we do not currently engage in any hedging transactions to mitigate these risks. Although from time to time we review our foreign currency exposure and evaluate whether we should enter into hedging transactions, we may not adequately hedge against any future volatility in currency exchange rates and, if we engage in hedging transactions, the transactions will be based on forecasts which later may prove to be inaccurate. Any failure to hedge successfully or anticipate currency risks properly could adversely affect our operating results.
We are subject to export control regulations that could restrict our ability to increase our international revenue and may adversely affect our business.
Our products and technologies are subject to U.S. export control laws, including the Export Administration Regulations, administered by the Department of Commerce and the Bureau of Industry Security, and their foreign counterpart laws and regulations, which may require that we obtain an export license before we can export certain products or technology to specified countries. These export control laws, and possible changes to current laws, regulations and policies, could restrict our ability to sell products to customers in certain countries or give rise to delays or expenses in obtaining appropriate export licenses. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations could result in government sanctions, including substantial monetary penalties, denial of export privileges, and debarment from government contracts. Any of these could adversely affect our operations and, as a result, our financial results could suffer.
We are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and any violations of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act or similar laws could subject us to financial and other penalties or consequences.
We are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act ("FCPA") which generally prohibits companies from engaging in bribery or making other prohibited payments to foreign officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. In addition, we are required to maintain records that accurately and fairly represent our transactions and have an adequate system of internal accounting controls. Foreign companies which are not subject to these prohibitions may have a competitive advantage over us. We cannot guarantee that our employees or other agents will not engage in conduct that would result in liability under the FCPA or similar laws. If our employees or other agents are found to have engaged in these practices, we could suffer severe penalties and other consequences that may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If our OEM customers develop their own expertise in network-enabling products, it could result in reduced sales of our products and harm our operating results.
We sell to both resellers and OEMs. Selling products to OEMs involves unique risks, including the risk that OEMs will develop internal expertise in network-enabling products or will otherwise incorporate network functionality in their products without using our device networking solutions. If this were to occur, our sales to OEMs would likely decline, which could reduce our net revenue and harm our operating results.
Current or future litigation over intellectual property rights could adversely affect us.
Substantial litigation regarding intellectual property rights occurs frequently in our industry. The results of litigation are inherently uncertain, and adverse outcomes are possible. Adverse outcomes may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
There is a risk that other third parties could claim that our products, or our customers’ products, infringe on their intellectual property rights or that we have misappropriated their intellectual property. In addition, software, business processes and other property rights in our industry might be increasingly subject to third party infringement claims as the number of competitors grows and the functionality of products in different industry segments overlaps. Other parties might currently have, or might eventually be issued, patents that pertain to the proprietary rights we use. Any of these third parties might make a claim of infringement against us. The results of litigation are inherently uncertain, and adverse outcomes are possible.
Responding to any infringement claim, regardless of its validity, could:
•be time-consuming, costly and/or result in litigation;
•divert management’s time and attention from developing our business;
•require us to pay monetary damages, including treble damages if we are held to have willfully infringed;
•require us to enter into royalty and licensing agreements that we would not normally find acceptable;
•require us to stop selling or to redesign certain of our products; or
•require us to satisfy indemnification obligations to our customers.
If any of these occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected.
We may not be able to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights, which could harm our competitive position or require us to incur significant expenses to enforce our rights.
We have not historically relied on patents to protect our proprietary rights, although we are now in the process of building a patent portfolio. We rely primarily on a combination of laws, such as copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, and contractual restrictions, such as confidentiality agreements and licenses, to establish and protect our proprietary rights. Despite any precautions that we have taken:
•laws and contractual restrictions might not be sufficient to prevent misappropriation of our technology or deter others from developing similar technologies;
•other companies might claim common law trademark rights based upon use that precedes the registration of our marks;
•other companies might assert other rights to market products using our trademarks;
•policing unauthorized use of our products and trademarks is difficult, expensive and time-consuming, and we might be unable to determine the extent of this unauthorized use;
•courts may determine that our software programs use open source software in such a way that deprives the entire programs of intellectual property protection; and
•current federal laws that prohibit software copying provide only limited practical protection from software pirates.
Also, the laws of some of the countries in which we market and manufacture our products offer little or no effective protection of our proprietary technology. Reverse engineering, unauthorized copying or other misappropriation of our proprietary technology could enable third parties to benefit from our technology without paying us for it. Consequently, we may be unable to prevent our proprietary technology from being exploited by others in the U.S. or abroad, which could require costly efforts to protect our technology. Policing the unauthorized use of our products, trademarks and other proprietary rights is expensive, difficult and, in some cases, impracticable. Litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce or defend our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets or to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. Such litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of management resources, either of which could harm our business. Accordingly, despite our efforts, we may not be able to prevent third parties from infringing upon or misappropriating our intellectual property, which may harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The impact of natural disasters could negatively impact our supply chain and customers resulting in an adverse impact to our revenues and profitability.
Certain of our components and other materials used in producing our products are from regions susceptible to natural disasters as recently seen in Japan and Thailand. A natural disaster could damage equipment and inventory at our suppliers’ facilities, adversely affecting our supply chain. If we are unable to obtain these materials, we could experience a disruption to our supply chain that would hinder our ability to produce our products in a timely manner, or cause us to seek other sources of supply, which may be more costly or which we may not be able to procure on a timely basis. In addition, our customers may not follow their normal purchasing patterns or temporarily cease purchasing from us due to impacts to their businesses in the region, creating unexpected fluctuations or decreases in our revenues and profitability. Natural disasters in other parts of the world on which our operations are reliant also could have material adverse impacts on our business.
Business interruptions could adversely affect our business.
Our operations and those of our suppliers are vulnerable to interruption by fire, earthquake, power loss, telecommunications failure, terrorist attacks and other events beyond our control. A substantial portion of our facilities, including our corporate headquarters and other critical business operations, are located near major earthquake faults and, therefore, may be more susceptible to damage if an earthquake occurs. We do not carry earthquake insurance for direct earthquake-related losses. If a business interruption occurs, our business could be materially and adversely affected.
If our products become subject to cyber-attacks, or if public perception is that they are vulnerable to cyber-attacks, our reputation and business could suffer.
We could be subject to liability or our reputation could be harmed if technologies integrated into our products fail to prevent cyber-attacks, or if our partners or customers fail to safeguard the systems with security policies that conform to industry best practices. In addition, any cyber-attack or security breach that affects a competitor’s products could lead to the negative perception that our solutions are or could be subject to similar attacks or breaches.
Acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or investments may impair our capital and equity resources, divert our management’s attention or otherwise negatively impact our operating results.
We may pursue acquisitions, strategic partnerships and joint ventures that we believe would allow us to complement our growth strategy, increase market share in our current markets and expand into adjacent markets, broaden our technology and intellectual property and strengthen our relationships with distributors and OEMs. Any future acquisition, partnership, joint venture or investment may require that we pay significant cash, issue stock or incur substantial debt. Acquisitions, partnerships or joint ventures may also result in the loss of key personnel and the dilution of existing stockholders as a result of issuing equity securities. In addition, acquisitions, partnerships or joint ventures require significant managerial attention, which may be diverted from our other operations. These capital, equity and managerial commitments may impair the operation of our business. Furthermore, acquired businesses may not be effectively integrated, may be unable to maintain key pre-acquisition business relationships, may contribute to increased fixed costs and may expose us to unanticipated liabilities and otherwise harm our operating results.
If we are unable to attract, retain or motivate key senior management and technical personnel, it could seriously harm our business.
Our financial performance depends substantially on the performance of our executive officers and of key engineers, marketing and sales employees. We are particularly dependent upon our technical personnel, due to the specialized technical nature of our business. If we were to lose the services of our executive officers or any of our key personnel and were not able to find replacements in a timely manner, our business could be disrupted, other key personnel might decide to leave, and we might incur increased operating expenses associated with finding and compensating replacements.
Current or future litigation could adversely affect us.
We are subject to a wide range of claims and lawsuits in the course of our business. Any lawsuit may involve complex questions of fact and law and may require the expenditure of significant funds and the diversion of other resources. The results of litigation are inherently uncertain, and adverse outcomes are possible.
ITEM 1B.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 2.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
In September 2009, we entered into a seven-year lease agreement for our corporate headquarters in Irvine, California. Our corporate headquarters encompasses approximately 33,000 square feet and includes sales, marketing, research and development, operations and administrative functions. In addition, we have sales offices in the Netherlands, Japan and Hong Kong.
We believe our existing facilities are adequate to meet our needs. If additional space is needed in the future, we believe that suitable space will be available on commercially reasonable terms.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Information with respect to this Item may be found in Note 7 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, which are set forth beginning on Page of this Report, is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 4.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
None.
PART II
ITEM 5.
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Price Range of Common Stock
Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “LTRX.” The number of holders of record of our common stock as of July 31, 2012 was approximately 43. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low sales prices for our common stock:
Dividend Policy
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future, and we intend to retain any future earnings for use in the expansion of our business and for general corporate purposes.
Issuer Repurchases
We did not repurchase any of our common stock during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2012.
ITEM 6.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Not applicable.
ITEM 7.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjuction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes thereto included in Part II, Item 8 of this Report and the “Risk Factors” included in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2012 (the “Report”), as well as other cautionary statements and risks described elsewhere in this Report, before deciding to purchase, hold or sell our common stock.
Overview
Lantronix, Inc. (the “Company,” “Lantronix,” “we” or “us”) designs, develops, markets and sells secure communication technologies that simplify access to and communication with and between almost any electronic device. Our smart machine-to-machine (“M2M”) connectivity solutions enable sharing data between devices and applications to empower better decisions based on real-time information, and gain a competitive advantage by generating new revenue streams, improving productivity and increasing efficiency and profitability. Easy to integrate and deploy, Lantronix products remotely and securely connect devices via networks and the Internet. We have one operating and reportable business segment, device networking, which includes device enablement and device management product lines. Our device enablement solutions enable digital and analog devices and sensors to be connected to a wired or wireless network for the primary purposes of remote access, control and data acquisition. Our device management solutions primarily serve information technology deployments; offering remote access, control and printing for data center, enterprise, manufacturing, branch office and home applications.
Our innovative networking solutions include fully-integrated hardware and software devices, as well as software tools, to develop related customer applications We provide technologically agnostic solutions to broad market segments, including industrial and building automation, security, medical, transportation, retail/point-of-sale (“POS”), financial services, governmental, manufacturing, consumer electronics/appliances, information technology (“IT”), data centers and others.
During the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, we raised an aggregate amount of approximately $9.5 million in two separate equity transactions in which we issued an aggregate of 3,957,109 shares of our common stock. These offerings consisted of a private placement sale of 1,605,709 shares of our common stock to our largest shareholder and director, Bernhard Bruscha and a firm commitment public offering of 2,351,400 shares of our common stock.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Refer to Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Report for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires us to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of net revenue and expenses during the reporting period. We regularly evaluate our estimates and assumptions related to net revenue, allowances for doubtful accounts, sales returns and allowances, inventory valuation, valuation of deferred income taxes, goodwill valuation, warranty reserves, restructuring costs, litigation and other contingencies. We base our estimates and assumptions on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. To the extent there are material differences between our estimates and the actual results, our future results of operations will be affected.
We believe the following critical accounting policies require us to make significant judgments and estimates in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements:
Revenue Recognition
We do not recognize revenue until all of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; delivery has occurred or services have been rendered; our price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and collectability is reasonably assured. A significant portion of our sales are made to distributors under agreements which contain a limited right to return unsold product and price protection provisions. Therefore, the recognition of net revenue and related cost of revenue from sales to distributors are deferred until the distributor resells the product.
When product revenue is recognized, we establish an estimated allowance for future product returns based on historical returns experience. Actual product returns or pricing adjustments that exceed our estimates could result in additional reductions to revenue.
Our products typically carry a one- to two-year warranty. In the current fiscal year, we began offering a five-year warranty on certain new products. Although we engage in extensive product quality programs and processes, our warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates, use of materials or service delivery costs that differ from our estimates. As a result, additional warranty reserves could be required, which could reduce our gross margins. Additionally, we sell extended warranty services, which extend the warranty period for an additional one to three years, depending upon the product. Warranty net revenue is deferred and recognized ratably over the warranty service period.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. Our allowance for doubtful accounts is based on our assessment of the collectability of specific customer accounts, the aging of accounts receivable, our history of bad debts and the general condition of the industry. If a major customer’s credit worthiness deteriorates, or our customers’ actual defaults exceed our historical experience, our estimates could change and impact our reported financial results.
Inventory Valuation
Our policy is to value inventories at the lower of cost or market on a part-by-part basis. This policy requires us to make estimates regarding the market value of our inventories, including an assessment of excess and obsolete inventories. We determine excess and obsolete inventories based on an estimate of the future sales demand for our products within a specified time horizon, generally three to twelve months. The estimates we use for demand are also used for near-term capacity planning and inventory purchasing. In addition, specific reserves are recorded to cover risks in the area of end of life products, inventory located at our contract manufacturers, deferred inventory in our sales channel and warranty replacement stock.
If our sales forecast is less than the inventory we have on hand at the end of an accounting period, we may be required to take excess and obsolete inventory charges, which will decrease our gross margin and net operating results for that period.
Valuation of Deferred Income Taxes
We have recorded a valuation allowance to reduce our net deferred tax assets to zero, primarily due to historical net operating losses and uncertainty of generating future taxable income. We consider estimated future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in assessing the need for a valuation allowance. If we determine that it is more likely than not that we will realize a deferred tax asset that currently has a valuation allowance, we would be required to reverse the valuation allowance, which would be reflected as an income tax benefit at that time.
Goodwill Impairment Testing
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, we early adopted the new provisions issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board that intended to simplify goodwill impairment testing. The updated guidance permits us to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If we conclude that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we conduct a two-step goodwill impairment test. The first step of the impairment test involves comparing the fair value of our single reporting unit with its carrying value, including goodwill, and recording an impairment charge if the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, we perform the second step of the analysis, which involves comparing the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying value of that goodwill, the difference of which represents the impairment loss. The determination of the reporting unit’s fair value requires significant judgment and is based on management’s best estimate. We generally use valuation techniques based on our market capitalization and multiples of revenue for similar companies. In addition, management may consider the reporting unit’s expected future earnings, and a control premium, which is the amount that a buyer is willing to pay over the current market price of a company as indicated by the traded price per share (i.e., market capitalization), in order to acquire a controlling interest. If our actual financial results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments used in estimating the fair value of our reporting unit, we may be exposed to goodwill impairment losses.
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, we made a qualitative assessment of whether goodwill impairment exists. Since we did not determine that it was more likely than not that the fair value of our single reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we were not required to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test. As of June 30, 2012, our book value was $21.9 million while our market capitalization was $29.7 million.
Share-Based Compensation
We record share-based compensation in the statements of operations as an expense, based on the estimated grant date fair value of our share-based awards, whereby such fair values are amortized to expense over the requisite service period. Our share-based awards are currently comprised of common stock options and certain restricted stock awards. The fair value of our common stock option awards is generally estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes-Merton (“BSM”) option-pricing formula. To the extent that certain stock option grants included market conditions, we used a lattice model to estimate the fair value of such grants. While utilizing the BSM model meets established requirements, the estimated fair values generated by it may not be indicative of the actual fair values of our common stock option awards as it does not consider certain factors important to those awards to employees, such as continued employment and periodic vesting requirements as well as limited transferability. The fair value of our restricted stock is based on the closing market price of our common stock on the grant date. If there are any modifications or cancellations of the underlying unvested share-based awards, we may be required to accelerate, increase or cancel any remaining unearned share-based compensation expense.
Results of Operations
Fiscal Years Ended June 30, 2012 and
Net Revenue by Product Line
The following table presents net revenue by product line:
For reporting purposes in the table above, we have reclassified net revenues from our non-core products, which currently represent less than 2% of net revenue, into the device management product line. Non-core products are primarily comprised of legacy products such as print servers, software and other miscellaneous products. The 8.0% decrease in net revenue was substantially the result of a 9.5% decrease in net revenue from our device enablement product line. We believe that our net revenue was negatively impacted by worldwide general economic conditions, as well as by certain supply constraints that we experienced during the current fiscal year. In addition, net revenue for the prior fiscal year ended June 30, 2011 included approximately $900,000 of deferred revenue that was recognized as a result of entering into contracts that removed certain distributors’ rights to stock rotation and price protection in connection with an initiative to streamline our sales distribution channel. There was no similar revenue recognized during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012.
The decrease in net revenue from our device enablement product line was primarily due to a decrease in unit sales of some of our embedded device enablement products, in particular our xPort and, to a lesser extent, our Micro, which is a legacy embedded serial-to-ethernet solution, partially offset by an increase in unit sales of our new products, xPort Pro and PremierWave EN. In addition, we had a $275,000 royalty sale in the prior fiscal year that did not recur in the current fiscal year. To a lesser extent, the decrease in net revenue from our device enablement product line was impacted by a decrease in unit sales of our external device enablement products, in particular our Micro Serial Server (“MSS”) product family, a legacy product, partially offset by an increase in unit sales of our Xpress product family.
The decrease in net revenue from our device management product line was due to a decrease in unit sales of our Secure Lantronix Console (“SLC”) and Secure Console Server (“SCS”) console server product families, which were offset by sales of our new xPrintServer-Network Edition that began shipping in January 2012 and an increase in unit sales of our Secure Lantronix Spider (“SLS”) product family.
Net Revenue by Geographic Region
The following table presents net revenue by geographic region:
The decrease in net revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012 compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2011 reflects decreased unit sales in the Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”), Americas, and Asia Pacific regions. We believe that our net revenue was negatively impacted by worldwide general economic conditions and, in particular the EMEA region, which experienced a year-over-year 10.6% decline in net revenue. The decrease in net revenue from the EMEA region was in large part due to a decrease in unit sales in our embedded device enablement products and, to a lesser extent, our external device enablement products and device management line. In addition, net revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2011 included approximately $900,000 of deferred revenue that was recognized as a result of entering into contracts that removed certain distributors’ rights to stock rotation and price protection in connection with an initiative to streamline our sales distribution channel. The decrease in net revenue from the Americas and Asia Pacific regions was primarily due to a decrease in unit sales in our embedded device enablement product line.
Gross Profit
Gross profit represents net revenue less cost of revenue. Cost of revenue consisted primarily of the cost of raw material components, subcontract labor assembly from contract manufacturers, manufacturing overhead, establishing or relieving inventory reserves for excess and obsolete products or raw materials, warranty costs, royalties and share-based compensation.
The following table presents gross profit:
The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of net revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012 as compared to the prior fiscal year was primarily due to a charge taken for excess and obsolete inventories primarily as a result of a reduction in the sales forecasts for certain products, partially offset by a favorable change in product mix as a result of lower embedded device enablement unit sales.
Selling, General and Administrative
Selling, general and administrative expenses consisted of personnel-related expenses including salaries and commissions, share-based compensation, facility expenses, information technology, trade show expenses, advertising and professional legal and accounting fees.
The following table presents selling, general and administrative expenses:
The decrease in selling, general and administrative expense for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, as compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2011 was primarily due to (i) a decrease in professional fees and outside services related to the special investigation that was completed during the first quarter of the current fiscal year and the contested proxy that occurred in the prior fiscal year; (ii) a decrease in personnel-related expenses due primarily to separation costs related to the departure of our former CEO and CFO that were recorded in the June 2011 and a reduction in headcount directly related to the restructuring activities that occurred in November 2011, which were partially offset by an increase in salaries due to annual merit increases in the current fiscal year; (iii) a decrease in share-based compensation as consideration for performance bonuses, a reduction in head count and a lower average stock price for options; and (iv) other cost reduction efforts and the completion of our e-commerce website resulting in a decrease in advertising and marketing fees.
Research and Development
Research and development expenses consisted of personnel-related expenses including share-based compensation, as well as expenditures to third-party vendors for research and development activities.
The following table presents research and development expenses:
The decrease in research and development expenses for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2011 was primarily due to a decrease in facilities expenses and a decrease in the use of share-based compensation as consideration for bonuses and a lower average stock price for options granted during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012. Other expenses decreased as a result of various cost savings measures, including a reduction in travel expenses. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in personnel-related expenses as a result of annual merit increases, despite the reduction in salary expense undertaken in November 2011 as a result of restructuring activities.
Interest Expense, Net
The following table presents interest expense, net:
The change in interest expense, net, is primarily due to lower interest expenses related to capital leases in the current fiscal year as well as a lower term loan balance.
Other Expense, Net
The following table presents other expense, net:
The change in other expense, net, is primarily due to foreign currency remeasurement and transaction adjustments related to our foreign subsidiaries whose functional currency is the U.S. dollar. In addition, during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, we wrote off the remaining carrying value of a former director’s non-recourse loan from 2001 due to the unlikelihood of collection, which resulted in a $42,000 charge to other expense.
Restructuring Charges
During the second quarter of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, we implemented a restructuring plan to reduce operating expenses and to improve future results of operations. As part of the restructuring plan, the workforce was reduced by 14 employees. We recorded a restructuring charge of $286,000, which consisted primarily of severance-related payments. The restructuring plan was substantially completed as of December 31, 2011 and substantially all severance-related payments were made by June 30, 2012.
	
Provision for Income Taxes
The following table presents the income tax provision:
The following table presents our effective tax rate based upon our income tax provision:
We utilize the liability method of accounting for income taxes. The difference between our effective tax rate and the federal statutory rate resulted primarily from the effect of our domestic losses recorded without a tax benefit, as well as the effect of foreign earnings taxed at rates differing from the federal statutory rate. We record net deferred tax assets to the extent we believe these assets will more likely than not be realized. As a result of our cumulative losses and uncertainty of generating future taxable income, we provided a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2012 and 2011.
Due to the “change of ownership” provision of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, utilization of our net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards may be subject to an annual limitation against taxable income in future periods. As a result of the annual limitation, a portion of these carryforwards may expire before ultimately becoming available to reduce future income tax liabilities. The following table summarizes our NOLs:
Our NOL carryovers for federal and state income tax purposes begin to expire in fiscal years 2021 and 2013, respectively. At June 30, 2012, our fiscal 2003 through fiscal 2010 tax years remain open to examination by federal, state, and foreign taxing authorities. However, we have NOLs beginning in fiscal 2001 which would cause the statute of limitations to remain open for the year in which the NOL was incurred.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity
Since our inception, we have financed our operations primarily through the issuance of common stock, a term loan and operating activities.
The following table presents details of our working capital and cash and cash equivalents:
Our sources of cash and liquidity include our existing cash and cash equivalents, amounts under our credit facilities and cash from operations. We believe that these sources are sufficient to fund the current requirements of working capital, capital expenditures and other financial commitments for at least the next 12 months. The primary drivers affecting cash and liquidity are net revenue, working capital requirements, capital expenditures and principal payments on our debt.
During the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, we completed a private placement of our common stock and received $4.4 million in net cash proceeds, and also completed an underwritten public offering of our common stock for which we received approximately $5.1 million in net cash proceeds.
Management defines cash and cash equivalents as highly liquid deposits with original maturities of 90 days or less when purchased. We maintain cash and cash equivalents balances at certain financial institutions in excess of amounts insured by federal agencies. Management does not believe this concentration subjects us to any unusual financial risk beyond the normal risk associated with commercial banking relationships. We frequently monitor the third-party depository institutions that hold our cash and cash equivalents. Our emphasis is primarily on safety of principal and secondarily on maximizing yield on those funds.
Our future working capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the timing and amount of our net revenue, research and development expenses, and expenses associated with any strategic partnerships or acquisitions and infrastructure investments.
We incurred a net loss of $3.0 million and $5.3 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. We expect our available cash generated from operations, together with existing sources of cash, cash raised from the recent sales of our common stock and, if required, from our credit agreement will be sufficient to fund our long-term and short-term capital expenditures, working capital and other cash requirements. We may be required, from time-to-time, to raise capital through either equity or debt arrangements or a hybrid thereof to (i) develop or enhance our products, (ii) take advantage of future opportunities, (iii) respond to competition or (iv) continue to operate our business. We cannot provide assurance that we will be able to raise capital, including, new equity, debt arrangements or a hybrid thereof or that required capital would be available on acceptable terms, if at all, or that any financing activity would not be dilutive to our current stockholders in the future.
To improve our liquidity, during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, we reduced net inventories to $6.0 million as of June 30, 2012, a decrease of $3.2 million or 35%, compared to $9.2 million as of June 30, 2011. While we will continue to refine our process to optimize our inventory levels, we expect that our increase in working capital will allow us to put into place stocking levels for new product releases more consistent with anticipated customer demand and increase safety stock levels, which could result in an increase in the balance of net inventories.
Loan Agreement
In September 2010, we and Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) entered into an amendment to the then outstanding Loan and Security Agreement (the “2010 Loan Amendment”), which provided for a two-year $4.0 million maximum revolving line (the “Revolving Line”) with a three-year $2.0 million term loan (the “Term Loan”). Pursuant to the 2010 Loan Amendment, the proceeds from the Term Loan were used to pay the balance of $611,000 outstanding on the term loan that was made under our then-existing agreement with SVB. The Term Loan was funded on September 28, 2010 and is payable in 36 equal monthly installments of principal and accrued interest. There were no borrowings outstanding on the Revolving Line as of June 30, 2012.
We refer to the Loan and Security Agreement by and between us and SVB, as amended from time to time, as the “Amended Loan Agreement.” Pursuant to the Amended Loan Agreement, we have pledged substantially all of our assets to SVB. The Amended Loan Agreement is comprised of two substantially similar contracts, one which is collateralized by our domestic operations and another which is collateralized by our foreign operations. In connection with a Borrower Agreement dated as of May 23, 2006 in favor of Export-Import Bank of the United States (“Ex-Im Bank”), Ex-Im Bank has guaranteed our performance under the foreign portion of the Amended Loan Agreement.
We did not meet the Minimum Tangible Net Worth (“Minimum TNW”) covenant in the Amended Loan Agreement for the months of May and June in fiscal 2011. Accordingly, on August 18, 2011, we entered into a further amendment (the “2011 Loan Amendment”) to the Amended Loan Agreement. The 2011 Loan Amendment provided for (i) a limited waiver to the Minimum TNW covenant, (ii) a modification of the Minimum TNW covenant and (iii) a modification to the Term Loan interest rate to a per annum rate equal to the prime rate plus 2.50%, payable monthly. The 2011 Loan Amendment provided that, if we achieved certain profitability thresholds for two consecutive fiscal quarters, so long as we continue to maintain such thresholds at the end of each subsequent fiscal quarter, the interest on the Term Loan shall accrue at a per annum rate equal to the prime rate plus 1.50%, payable monthly. We have not met these profitability thresholds in any quarter since entering into the 2011 Loan Amendment.
On January 19, 2012, we entered into another amendment (the “2012 Loan Amendment”) to the Amended Loan Agreement. The 2012 Loan Amendment provided for (i) a modification of the minimum tangible net worth financial covenant, effective November 30, 2011, that required a tangible net worth of at least $2.5 million plus 50% of all consideration received for equity securities and subordinated debt; (ii) a monthly collateral monitoring fee of $2,000 if our credit extensions outstanding during the month are equal to or greater than $1.0 million, otherwise a monthly collateral fee of $500; (iii) a modification of the interest rate related to the Term Loan to the prime rate plus 3.00%, payable monthly. If we achieve certain profitability thresholds for two consecutive fiscal quarters, for so long as we continue to maintain such thresholds, the interest shall accrue at a per annum rate equal to the prime rate plus 1.50%, payable monthly. In addition, the 2012 Loan Amendment modified the interest rate related to the Revolving Line to the greater of (i) the prime rate plus 1.0% or (ii) 5.0%, payable monthly. As a result of the private placement and public offering of our common stock, the newly re-calculated minimum tangible net worth is approximately $7.5 million.
Upon entering into the 2010 Loan Amendment, we paid a fully earned, non-refundable commitment fee of $20,000 and an additional $15,000 which was required on the first anniversary of the effective date of the 2010 Loan Amendment. In connection with the 2011 Loan Amendment, we paid $5,000 in fees. Also, in connection with the 2012 Loan Amendment, we paid an additional $5,000 in fees in January 2012.
Minimum TNW is computed by subtracting goodwill and intangible assets from total shareholders’ equity. If we continue to incur net losses, we may have difficulty satisfying the Minimum TNW financial covenant in the future. The following table presents the calculation of our actual TNW compared to the Minimum TNW requirement in the 2012 Loan Agreement:
Pursuant to the 2012 Loan Amendment, the available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Line is limited to the lesser of (i) $4.0 million or (ii) the current portion of the trade accounts receivable balance, less fifty percent of the balance of deferred revenue, less a $500,000 reserve for the balance of the Term Loan, less outstanding borrowings on the Revolving Line.
The following table presents the balance outstanding on the Term Loan, our available borrowing capacity and outstanding letters of credit, which were used to as security deposits:
As of June 30, 2012, approximately $204,000 of our cash was held in foreign subsidiary bank accounts. This cash is unrestricted with regard to foreign liquidity needs; however, our ability to utilize a portion of this cash to satisfy liquidity needs outside of such foreign locations may be subject to approval by the foreign location board of directors.
Cash Flows
The following table presents the major components of the consolidated statements of cash flows:
Operating Activities
The decrease in net cash used in operating activities was primarily due to cash generated as a result of a reduction in inventory purchases. This was partially offset by cash utilized for payments related to accounts payable as we paid vendors in a timelier manner, as well as for severance payments related to the restructuring that occurred in November of 2011.
Investing Activities
The increase in net cash used in investing activities was primarily related to the increase in capital expenditures for the purchase of property and equipment related to new products.
Financing Activities
The increase in net cash provided by financing activities was primarily related to the proceeds from the sale of common shares through the private placement and public offering discussed above.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As part of our ongoing business, we have not participated in transactions that generate material relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities (“SPEs”), which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. As of June 30, 2012, we were not involved in any material unconsolidated SPEs.
ITEM 7A.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Not applicable.
ITEM 8.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
All financial statements required by this Item 8, including the report of the independent registered public accounting firm, are listed in Part IV, Item 15 of this Report, are set forth beginning on Page of this Report, and are hereby incorporated by reference into this Item 8.
ITEM 9.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
(a) Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of our fiscal year. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2012 in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
(b) Changes in internal controls over financial reporting
There have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) identified during the three months ended June 30, 2012 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Our internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to management and the board of directors regarding the effectiveness of our internal control processes over the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements.
All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.
Management has assessed the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting as of June 30, 2012. In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based on its assessment, management concluded that, as of June 30, 2012, our internal control over financial reporting was effective.
This Report does not include an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit us to provide only management’s report in this Report.
ITEM 9B.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
PART III
Certain information required by Part III is included in our 2012 Definitive Proxy Statement (or “Proxy Statement) and is incorporated herein by reference. The Proxy Statement will be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Report.
ITEM 10.
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The names of our executive officers and their ages, titles and biographies as of the date hereof are set forth in Part I, Item 1 in the section entitled “Executive Officers of the Registrant” above, and are incorporated herein by reference.
The following information is included in our Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference:
·Information regarding our directors is set forth under the proposal “Election of Directors.”
·Information regarding our Audit Committee and designated “audit committee financial experts” is set forth under the caption “Corporate Governance - Audit Committee.”
·Information regarding Section 16(a) beneficial ownership reporting compliance is set forth under the caption “Other Information - Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance.”
·Information regarding our code of business conduct and ethics for directors, officers and employees (or “Code of Ethics”) is set forth under the caption “Corporate Governance - Code of Conduct and Complaint Procedures.”
ITEM 11.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information regarding compensation of our directors and executive officers set forth under the captions “Director Compensation” and “Executive Compensation” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The information set forth under the captions “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Executive Compensation - Equity Compensation Plan Information in the Proxy Statement” is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information regarding certain relationships and related transactions set forth under the caption “Other Information - Related Party Transactions” and the information regarding director independence set forth under the caption “Corporate Governance” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 14.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The information regarding principal auditor fees and services set forth under the proposal “Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accountants” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV
ITEM 15.
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) 1. Consolidated Financial Statements
The following financial statements and related Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms are filed as part of this Report.
2. Financial Statement Schedules	
None
3. Exhibits
The exhibits listed on the accompanying index to exhibits immediately following the financial statements are filed as part of, or hereby incorporated by reference into, this Report.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
Signature
Title
Date
/s/ BERNHARD BRUSCHA
Chairman of the Board
August 30, 2012
Bernhard Bruscha
/s/ KURT BUSCH
President and Chief Executive Officer and
August 30, 2012
Kurt Busch
(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ JEREMY WHITAKER
Chief Financial Officer and Secretary
August 30, 2012
Jeremy Whitaker
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
/s/ PAUL FOLINO
Director
August 30, 2012
Paul Folino
/s/ HOSHI PRINTER
Director
August 30, 2012
Hoshi Printer
/s/ JOHN REHFELD
Director
August 30, 2012
John Rehfeld
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
Lantronix, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Lantronix, Inc. as of June 30, 2012, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for the year then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we do not express an opinion thereon. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Lantronix, Inc. as of June 30, 2012, and the consolidated results of its operations and its consolidated cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ Squar, Milner, Peterson, Miranda & Williamson, LLP
Newport Beach, California
August 30, 2012
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
Lantronix, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Lantronix, Inc. as of June 30, 2011, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for the year then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we do not express an opinion thereon. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Lantronix, Inc. as of June 30, 2011, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ McGladrey & Pullen, LLP
Irvine, California
September 15, 2011
LANTRONIX, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share and par value data)
See accompanying notes.
LANTRONIX, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share data)
LANTRONIX, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In thousands)
See accompanying notes.
LANTRONIX, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
See accompanying notes.
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2012
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The Company
Lantronix, Inc. (referred to in these consolidated financial statements as “Lantronix”, “we,” “us,” or “our”), incorporated in California in June 1989 and re-incorporated in the State of Delaware in May 2000, is engaged primarily in the design and distribution of networking and Internet connectivity products on a worldwide basis. The manufacturing of our products is outsourced to third parties.
Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Lantronix and our wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. At June 30, 2012, approximately $1.9 million of our net tangible assets (primarily inventory held at our third party logistics provider in Hong Kong and cash held in foreign bank accounts) were located outside of the U.S. The cash held in foreign bank accounts is unrestricted with regard to foreign liquidity needs, however, our ability to utilize such assets to satisfy liquidity needs outside of such foreign locations may be subject to approval by the foreign location board of directors.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The industry in which we operate is characterized by rapid technological change. As a result, estimates made in preparing the consolidated financial statements include the allowance for doubtful accounts, sales returns and allowances, inventory reserves, goodwill valuation, deferred income tax asset valuation allowances and warranty reserves. To the extent there are material differences between our estimates and actual results, future results of operations will be affected.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior fiscal year financial statements to conform to the current fiscal year presentation.
Revenue Recognition
We do not recognize revenue until all of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; delivery has occurred or services have been rendered; the price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and collectability is reasonably assured. A significant portion of our sales are made to distributors under agreements which contain a limited right to return unsold product and price protection provisions. Therefore, the recognition of net revenue and related cost of revenue from sales to certain large distributors are deferred until the distributor resells the product.
When product revenue is recognized, we establish an estimated allowance for future product returns based on historical returns experience; when price reductions are approved, we establish an estimated liability for price protection payable on inventories owned by distributors. Actual product returns or pricing adjustments that exceed our estimates could result in additional reductions to revenue.
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2012
Additionally, we sell extended warranty services which extend the warranty period for an additional one to three years, depending upon the product. Warranty net revenue is deferred and recognized ratably over the warranty service period.
The following table presents our hardware and non-hardware sales as a percentage of total net revenue:
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. Our allowance for doubtful accounts is based on our assessment of the collectability of specific customer accounts, the aging of accounts receivable, our history of bad debts and the general condition of the industry. Accounts that are deemed uncollectible are written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts. If a major customer’s creditworthiness deteriorates, or our customers’ actual defaults exceed our historical experience, such estimates could change and impact our reported financial results.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Our accounts receivable are primarily derived from revenue earned from customers located throughout North America, Europe and Asia. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition and maintain allowances for potential credit losses. Credit losses have historically been within our expectations. We generally do not require collateral or other security from our customers.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Our financial instruments consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, notes receivable, contract manufacturers’ receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and long-term debt. The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received in an asset sale or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between unaffiliated market participants. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are categorized based on whether or not the inputs are observable in the market and the degree that the inputs are observable. The categorization or financial instruments within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The hierarchy is prioritized into three levels (with Level 3 being the lowest) defined as follows:
Level 1:	Inputs are based on quoted market prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets at the measurement date.
Level 2:	Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and/or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active near the measurement date.
Level 3:	Inputs include management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. The inputs are unobservable in the market and significant to the instrument’s valuation.
The hierarchy noted above requires us to minimize the use of unobservable inputs and to use observable market data, if available, when determining fair value. We do not have any assets or liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis, and during the years ended June 30, 2012 and June 30, 2011 did not have any assets or liabilities that were measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.
We believe all of our financial instruments’ recorded values approximate their current fair values because of the nature and short duration of these instruments. The fair value of long-term debt approximates its carrying value because the related effective rates of interest approximate current market rates available to us for debt with similar terms and similar remaining maturities.
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2012
Foreign Currency Remeasurement
The functional currency for all foreign subsidiaries is currently the U.S. dollar. Non-monetary and monetary foreign currency assets and liabilities are valued in U.S. dollars at historical and end-of-period exchange rates, respectively. Revenue and expenses are remeasured at average exchange rates in effect during each period. Exchange gains and losses from foreign currency transactions and remeasurements are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. Translation adjustments for foreign subsidiaries whose functional currency was previously the local currency are suspended in accumulated other comprehensive income.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-term investments, with original maturities of 90 days or less.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (on a first-in, first-out basis) or market. We provide reserves for excess and obsolete inventories determined primarily based upon estimates of future demand for our products. Shipping and handling costs are classified as a component of cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations.
Inventory Sale and Purchase Transactions with Contract Manufacturers
Under certain circumstances, we sell raw materials to our contract manufacturers and subsequently repurchase finished goods from the contract manufacturers which contain such raw materials. Net sales of raw materials to the contract manufacturers are eliminated from net revenue as we intend to repurchase the raw materials from the contract manufacturers in the form of finished goods. Raw materials sold to the contract manufacturers which we intend to purchase as part of finished goods are recorded on the consolidated balance sheets as contract manufacturers’ receivable.
We have contractual arrangements with certain of our contract manufacturers that provide for us to purchase unused inventory that the contract manufacturer has purchased to fulfill our forecasted manufacturing demand. To the extent that inventory on-hand at one or more of these contract manufacturers exceeds our contractually reported forecasts, we record the amount we may be required to purchase as part of other current liabilities and inventories on the consolidated balance sheets.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the assets’ estimated useful lives generally ranging from three to five years. Depreciation and amortization of leasehold improvements are computed using the shorter of the remaining lease term or five years. Major renewals and betterments are capitalized, while replacements, maintenance and repairs, which do not improve or extend the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, are expensed as incurred.
Capitalized Internal Use Software Costs
We capitalize the costs of computer software developed or obtained for internal use. Capitalized computer software costs consist of purchased software licenses and implementation costs. The capitalized software costs are being amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of three to five years.
Goodwill
Goodwill is recorded as the difference, if any, between the aggregate consideration paid for an acquisition and the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, we early adopted the new guidance that intended to simplify goodwill impairment testing. The updated guidance permits us to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If we conclude that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we conduct a two-step goodwill impairment test. The first step of the impairment test involves comparing the fair value of our single reporting unit with its carrying value, including goodwill, and recording an impairment charge if the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, we perform the second step of the analysis, which involves comparing the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying value of that goodwill, the difference of which represents the impairment loss. The determination of the reporting unit’s fair value requires significant judgment and is based on management’s best estimate. We generally use valuation techniques based on our market capitalization and multiples of revenue for similar companies. In addition, management may consider the reporting unit’s expected future earnings, and a control premium, which is the amount that a buyer is willing to pay over the current market price of a company as indicated by the traded price per share (i.e., market capitalization), in order to acquire a controlling interest.
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2012
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, we made a qualitative assessment of whether goodwill impairment exists. Since we did not determine that it was more likely than not that the fair value of our single reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we were not required to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are computed under the liability method. This method requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities. The impact on deferred taxes of changes in tax rates and laws, if any, are applied to the years during which temporary differences are expected to be settled and are reflected in the consolidated financial statements in the period of enactment. A valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not that some of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Financial statement effects of a tax position are initially recognized when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination. A tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is initially and subsequently measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that has a more likely than not likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority. We recognize potential accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense.
Share-Based Compensation
We account for share-based compensation by expensing the estimated fair value of stock options and similar equity instruments issued to employees over the requisite service period. We record amortization of share-based compensation expense ratably over the requisite service period of the grant or as market conditions are achieved. We also estimate forfeitures in our calculation of share-based compensation expense.
Net Income (Loss) Per Share
Net income (loss) per share (basic) is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the fiscal year. Net income (loss) per share (diluted) is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, assuming any dilutive effects of outstanding share-based awards using the treasury stock method.
Research and Development Costs
Costs incurred in the research and development of new products and enhancements to existing products are expensed as incurred. We believe our current process for developing products is essentially completed concurrently with the establishment of technological feasibility. Software development costs incurred after the establishment of technological feasibility have not been material and, therefore, have been expensed as incurred.
Warranty
Upon shipment to our customers, we provide for the estimated cost to repair or replace products to be returned under warranty. Our products typically carry a one- to two-year warranty. In the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, we began offering a five-year warranty on certain new products. Although we engage in product quality programs and processes, our warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates, use of materials or service delivery costs that differ from our estimates. As a result, additional warranty reserves could be required, which could reduce gross margins. Additionally, we sell extended warranty services, which extend the warranty period for an additional one to three years depending upon the product.
Advertising Expenses
Advertising costs are expensed in the period incurred.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Accumulated other comprehensive income is composed of accumulated translation adjustments as of June 30, 2012 and 2011.
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2012
Segment Information
We have one operating and reportable segment; device networking.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued additional guidance on fair value measurements that clarifies the application of existing guidance and disclosure requirements, changes certain fair value measurement principles and requires additional disclosures about fair value measurements. The updated guidance is effective on a prospective basis for financial statements issued for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2011. We do not expect the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on our financial statements.
In June 2011, the FASB issued guidance regarding the presentation of comprehensive income. The new standard requires the presentation of comprehensive income, the components of net income and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive incomer in two separate but consecutive statements. The updated guidance is effective on a retrospective basis for financial statements issued for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2011. We do not expect the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on our financial statements.
In September 2011, the FASB issued new accounting guidance intended to simplify goodwill impairment testing. Entities will be allowed to perform a qualitative assessment on goodwill impairment to determine whether a quantitative assessment is necessary. This guidance is effective for goodwill impairment tests performed in interim and annual periods for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. Early adoption is permitted. We early adopted this guidance for our fiscal year ended June 30, 2012, which did not have a material impact on our financial statements.
2. Supplemental Financial Information
Inventories
The following table presents details of our inventories:
* Balance represents finished goods held by distributors
** This item is sold individually and embedded into our products.
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2012
Property and Equipment
The following table presents details of property and equipment:
The following table presents details of property and equipment recorded in connection with capital lease obligations:
The following table presents details of the unamortized costs capitalized as internal use software included in construction-in-progress and computer and office equipment:
The following table presents the details of depreciation of capitalized internal use software:
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2012
Warranty Reserve
The following table presents details of our warranty reserve:
Other Liabilities
The following table presents details of our other liabilities:
Advertising Expenses
The following table presents details of our advertising expenses:
Computation of Net Loss per Share
Basic and diluted net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the fiscal year.
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2012
The following table presents the computation of net loss per share:
The following table presents the common stock equivalents excluded from the diluted net loss per share calculation, because they were anti-dilutive as of such dates. These excluded common stock equivalents could be dilutive in the future.
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
The following table presents non-cash investing and financing transactions excluded from the consolidated statements of cash flows:
3. Line of Credit and Term Loan
In September 2010, we entered into an amendment with Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) to the then outstanding Loan and Security Agreement, which provides for a two-year $4.0 million maximum revolving line (the “Revolving Line”) with a three-year $2.0 million term loan (the “Term Loan”). Pursuant to the 2010 Loan Amendment, the proceeds from the Term Loan were used to pay the balance of $611,000 outstanding on the term loan that was made under our then-existing agreement with SVB which was entered into in 2008. The Term Loan was funded on September 28, 2010 and is payable in 36 equal monthly installments of principal and accrued interest. There are no borrowings outstanding on the Revolving Line as of June 30, 2012.
For purposes of these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, the Loan and Security Agreement by and between us and SVB, as amended from time to time, shall be referred to as the “Amended Loan Agreement.” Pursuant to the Amended Loan Agreement, we have pledged substantially all of our assets to SVB. The Amended Loan Agreement is comprised of two substantially similar contracts, one which is collateralized by our domestic operations and another which is collateralized by our foreign operations. In connection with a Borrower Agreement dated as of May 23, 2006 in favor of Export-Import Bank of the United States (“Ex-Im Bank”), Ex-Im Bank has guaranteed our performance under the foreign portion of the Amended Loan Agreement.
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2012
We did not meet the Minimum Tangible Net Worth (“Minimum TNW”) covenant in the Amended Loan Agreement for May and June 2011. Accordingly, on August 18, 2011, we entered into a further amendment to the Amended Loan Agreement (the “2011 Loan Amendment”). The 2011 Loan Amendment provided for (i) a limited waiver to the Minimum TNW covenant, (ii) a modification of the Minimum TNW covenant, and (iii) a modification to the Term Loan interest rate to a per annum rate equal to the prime rate plus 2.50%, payable monthly. The 2011 Loan Amendment provided that if we achieved certain profitability thresholds for two consecutive fiscal quarters, and only for so long as we continue to maintain such thresholds at the end of each subsequent fiscal quarter, the interest rate on the Term Loan shall accrue at a per annum rate equal to the prime rate plus 1.50%, payable monthly. We have not met these profitability thresholds in any quarter since entering into the 2011 Loan Amendment.
On January 19, 2012, we entered into another amendment to the Amended Loan Agreement (the “2012 Loan Amendment”). The 2012 Loan Amendment provided for (i) a modification of the Minimum TNW covenant, effective November 30, 2011, that required a tangible net worth of at least $2.5 million plus 50% of all consideration received for equity securities and subordinated debt; (ii) a monthly collateral monitoring fee of $2,000 if our credit extensions outstanding during the month are equal to or greater than $1.0 million, otherwise a monthly collateral fee of $500 and (iii) a modification of the interest rate related to the Term Loan to the prime rate plus 3.00%, payable monthly. The 2012 Loan Amendment also provided that if we achieve certain profitability thresholds for two consecutive fiscal quarters, for so long as we continue to maintain such profitability thresholds at the end of each subsequent fiscal quarter, the interest shall accrue at a per annum rate equal to the prime rate plus 1.50%, payable monthly. Additionally, the 2012 Loan Amendment modified the interest rate to the Revolving Line to the greater of (i) the prime rate plus 1.0% or (ii) 5.0%, payable monthly. As a result of the private placement and public offering of our common stock during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012 (see Note 5), the newly re-calculated Minimum TNW is approximately $7.5 million. We were in compliance with the Minimum TNW covenant as of June 30, 2012.
Upon entering into the 2010 Loan Amendment, we paid a fully earned, non-refundable commitment fee of $20,000. On September 28, 2011, we paid an additional $15,000, which was required on the first anniversary of the effective date of the 2010 Loan Amendment. In connection with the 2011 Loan Amendment, we paid $5,000 in fees in September 2011. Also, in connection with the 2012 Loan Amendment, we paid an additional $5,000 in fees in January 2012.
Minimum TNW is computed by subtracting goodwill and intangible assets from total shareholders’ equity. If we continue to incur losses, we may have difficulty satisfying the Minimum TNW financial covenant in the future. The following table sets forth the calculation of our actual TNW compared to the Minimum TNW requirement provided in the 2012 Loan Amendment:
Availability under the Line of Credit
Pursuant to the 2012 Loan Amendment, the available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Line is limited to the lesser of (i) $4.0 million or (ii) the current portion of the trade accounts receivable balance, less fifty percent of the balance of deferred revenue, less a $500,000 reserve for of the balance of Term Loan, less outstanding borrowings on the Revolving Line.
The following table presents the balance outstanding on the Term Loan, our available borrowing capacity and outstanding letters of credit, which were used as security deposits:
The term loan is scheduled to be fully paid off by September 2013.
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2012
4. Restructuring Charges and Accrual
In November 2011, we implemented a restructuring plan to reduce operating expenses and to improve future results of operations, which was substantially completed during the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2011. As part of the restructuring plan, the workforce was reduced by 14 employees. The restructuring charges consisted primarily of severance related payments.
The following table presents a summary of the activity in our restructuring accrual (in thousands):
5. Stockholders’ Equity
2012 Equity Transactions
Private Placement Sale of Common Stock
On April 24, 2012, we entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with TL Investment GmbH (“TL Investment”), our largest shareholder, which is beneficially owned by Bernhard Bruscha, a founder and director of Lantronix. Pursuant to the agreement, on April 25, 2012, we sold to TL Investment in a private placement transaction 1,605,709 shares of our common stock at $2.8025 per share for net proceeds of approximately $4.4 million. The common stock was priced at $0.0025 above the Nasdaq closing bid price and last sale price of $2.80 on April 24, 2012. No discounts were applied to the sale. The sale of the shares to TL Investment was exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, pursuant to Section 4(2) thereof and Regulation D promulgated thereunder, as a transaction not involving a public offering.
Public Offering
On April 26, 2012, we entered into a firm commitment underwriting agreement with Roth Capital Partners, LLC (“Roth”) relating to the offer and sale of 2,200,000 shares of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, to the public at a price of $2.50 per share. We also granted Roth a 30-day option to purchase up to 330,000 additional shares of our common stock to cover over-allotments, if any. We received net proceeds from the offering, which closed on May 1, 2012, of approximately $4.8 million and upon Roth’s partial exercise of the over-allotment option on May 10, 2012 of 151,400 shares of our common stock, we received additional net proceeds of approximately $348,000.
In aggregate, we received total net cash proceeds of approximately $9.5 million from the private placement and the public offering sales described above.
Share-Based Plans
We have share-based plans under which non-qualified and incentive options to purchase shares of Lantronix common stock (“stock options”) have been granted to employees, non-employees and board members. In addition, we have granted restricted common stock awards (“nonvested shares”) to employees and board members under these share-based plans. New shares are issued to satisfy stock option exercises and share issuances.
The board of directors determines eligibility, vesting schedules and exercise prices for options and shares granted under the plans. Share-based awards are generally granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of our stock at the date of grant. Option awards generally have a contractual term of 7 to10 years. Share-based awards generally vest and become exercisable over a one- to-four-year service period. We have granted share-based awards with market conditions whereby vesting is accelerated upon achieving certain stock price thresholds.
No income tax benefit was realized from activity in the share-based plans during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2012 and 2011.
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2012
Share-Based Compensation Expense
The following table presents a summary of share-based compensation expense by functional line item:
The following table presents a summary of remaining unrecognized share-based compensation expense for our share-based plans as of June 30, 2012:
If there are any modifications or cancellations of the underlying unvested share-based awards, we may be required to accelerate, increase or cancel remaining unearned share-based compensation expense. Future share-based compensation expense and unearned share-based compensation will increase to the extent that we grant additional share-based awards.
Stock Option Awards
The fair value of each stock option grant was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes-Merton (“BSM”) option-pricing formula. Expected volatilities were based on the historical volatility of our stock price. The expected term of options granted was estimated using the simplified method. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the stock option grant was based on the U.S. Treasury interest rates in effect at the time of grant. To the extent that the stock option grant included market conditions, we used a lattice model to estimate the fair value of the grant.
The fair value of options granted was estimated using the following weighted-average assumptions for all of our stock option plans:
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2012
The following table presents a summary of option activity under all of our stock option plans:
The following table presents a summary of option grant-date fair value and intrinsic value information for all of our stock option plans:
Nonvested Share Awards
The fair value of our nonvested share awards was determined based upon the closing trading price of our common stock on the grant date.
The following table presents a summary of the activity for all of our nonvested shares:
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2012
The following table presents a summary of the total fair value of shares vested for all of our nonvested share awards:
6. 401(k) Plan
We have a savings plan (the “Plan”) which is qualified under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Eligible employees may elect to make contributions to the Plan through salary deferrals up to 15% of their base pay, subject to limitations. Our contributions are discretionary and are subject to limitations. During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, we made no discretionary contributions to the Plan.
7. Litigation
From time to time, we are subject to other legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business. We are currently not aware of any such legal proceedings or claims that we believe will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial position, operating results or cash flows.
8. Income Taxes
The income tax provision consists of the following components:
The following table presents U.S. and foreign income (loss) before income taxes:
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2012
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:
We have recorded a valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets. If or when realized, the tax benefits relating to, and the reversal of, approximately $4.3 million of the valuation allowance will be accounted for as an increase in additional paid-in capital as a result of tax deductible compensation arising from stock option exercises. The valuation allowance was established due to uncertainties surrounding the realization of the deferred tax assets.
The following table presents a reconciliation of the income tax provision (benefit) to taxes computed at the U.S. federal statutory rate:
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2012
Due to the “change of ownership” provision of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, utilization of our net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards may be subject to an annual limitation against taxable income in future periods. As a result of the annual limitation, a portion of these carryforwards may expire before ultimately becoming available to reduce future income tax liabilities. The following table summarizes our NOLs:
The federal and state NOL carryovers begin to expire in fiscal years 2021 and 2013, respectively. Deferred income taxes were not provided on undistributed earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries because such undistributed earnings are expected to be reinvested indefinitely.
The following table summarizes our liability for uncertain tax position for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2012 (in thousands):
At June 30, 2012, we had $6.7 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits. Of the total unrecognized benefits at June 30, 2012, $6.6 million was recorded as a reduction to deferred tax assets, which caused a corresponding reduction in our valuation allowance of $6.6 million. To the extent such portion of unrecognized tax benefits is recognized at a time such valuation allowance no longer exists, the recognition would reduce the effective tax rate. Our continuing practice is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. During the years ended June 30, 2012 and 2011 we recorded an immaterial expense for interest and penalties related to income tax matters in the provision for income taxes. At June 30, 2012, we had approximately $117,000 of accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions.
At June 30, 2012, our fiscal 2009 through 2012 tax years remain open to examination by the federal taxing jurisdiction and the fiscal 2008 through 2012 tax years remain open to examination by the state taxing jurisdictions. However, we have NOLs beginning in fiscal 2001 which would cause the statute of limitations to remain open for the year in which the NOL was incurred. Our fiscal 2005 through fiscal 2012 tax years remain open to examination by the foreign taxing authorities. We do not anticipate that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of June 30, 2012 will significantly increase or decrease within the next 12 months.
9. Commitments and Contingencies
Leases
We lease office equipment and office and warehouse facilities under non-cancelable capital and operating leases.
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2012
The following schedule represents minimum lease payments for all non-cancelable operating and capital leases as of June 30, 2012:
The following table presents rent expense:
10. Significant Geographic, Product Line, Customer and Supplier Information
The following table presents our sales within geographic regions as a percentage of net revenue:
The following table presents sales to significant countries as a percentage of net revenue:
LANTRONIX, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
JUNE 30, 2012
Customers
The following table presents sales to our significant customers and related parties as a percentage of net revenue:
(1) Includes Ingram Micro and Acal BFI Central Procurement UK Limited
(2) All top five customers are distributors, who are part of our product distribution system
No other customer represented more than 10% of our annual net revenue during these fiscal years. Two international customers, Lynx (formerly Transtec AG) and Barix AG, are related parties due to common ownership by our largest stockholder and Lantronix director, Bernhard Bruscha.
Suppliers
We do not own or operate a manufacturing facility. Five independent third-party contract manufacturers located primarily in Asia manufacture substantially all of our products and two independent third party foundries located in Asia manufacture substantially all of our large scale integration chips. Any sudden demand for an increased amount of products or sudden reduction or elimination of any existing source or sources of products could result in a material delay in the shipment of our products. Any problems associated with the manufacturing facilities or the delivery, quality or cost of our products could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
INDEX TO EXHIBITS