the general principle of the invention illustrated in fig4 is an orientation device and method based on the rotating of the component 2 to be oriented , the emission and the reception of a signal 5 which interferes with the component . the information contained in the return signal called “ measured signal ” is used to define the position of the component in the rotating tool . then , the deduced angular correction is applied to orient the component in the desired position . the orientation device illustrated in fig4 comprises at least one cell 11 which emits and receives a signal 5 interfering with the component 2 in rotation about an axis 4 , means for rotating the component 2 , and means for processing the information from the cell 11 . the cell 11 can be made up of two independent entities ; a first for emitting the signal 5 , a second for receiving the signal having interfered with the component . more specifically , the device for orienting components according to the present invention comprises at least one cell 11 intended to emit and receive a signal 5 ( preferably an optical signal ) and information processing means 12 , for example a system of computer type or other equivalent system . according to a preferential embodiment of the invention , the cell 11 is an optical sensor of energy type which is linked to the information processing means 12 . according to this preferential embodiment , said means 12 mainly comprise an independent processor 12 ′. this processor 12 ′ notably performs the processing of the information sent by the cell 11 and by a coder 4 ′ situated on the axis of the component rotating tool . said coder 4 ′ informs said processor 12 of the angular position of the rotating tool . when the phase difference of the component relative to the reference is computed , the processor 12 ′ interacts with the control of the component rotating motor in order to orient said component in the correct position . according to the preferential embodiment , the processor 12 ′ is also linked to a display screen 20 which allows the operator to perform the initial settings and track the orientation of the components 2 during production . the device described above is particularly advantageous because it makes it possible to orient components 2 at a high production rate . the use of an orientation processor 12 ′ independent of the processor of the machine makes it possible to process the information relating to the orientation of the components 2 in parallel with the information linked to the driving of the machine and processed by the processor of the machine . another advantage of the proposed device is linked to its modularity . the device described in the present invention can be implemented with no great difficulty on machines that differ greatly in their operation or in their control mode . the device is also modular because it can be upgraded either at the information processing level or at the hardware level . this upgrading can be done independently of the rest of the machine . the core of the invention lies notably in an orientation method whose main steps are described in fig7 . this method comprises at least three phases ; a first so - called signal modelling phase , a second so - called calibration phase , a third so - called automatic orientation phase . the modelling phase consists in acquiring a number of signals relating to components oriented randomly ; then in executing an appropriate digital processing making it possible to define a model of the signal . the model of the signal according to the invention is made up of at least a model of the component signal and a model of the interfering signal . according to the invention , the model of the component signal comprises the information specific to the component and useful for defining its orientation whereas the model of the interfering signal comprises the information characteristic of the measurement apparatus and its environment and consequently of no use to the orientation of the component . in the model , the phase or the angular position of the model of the component signal is variable since it is precisely this angular position which has to be found in order to ultimately orient said component . the modelling phase is done automatically by the machine , without intervention from the operator . for the defined model to be sufficiently robust , it is necessary for the model of the interfering signal to take account of the disturbances that can occur during production . for this reason , the acquisition of the signals for the modelling phase is performed in the production environment , that is to say with a machine setting identical to that used for the production . a minimum number of components must be used to give an account of all the disturbances that can occur during production and in order to obtain a distribution of the orientation of the components in the device that is sufficiently random . from experience , it has been found that the robustness of the model requires the successive acquisition of at least five signals corresponding to five components oriented randomly in the rotating device . preferentially , at least ten signals are used to define the model . a greater number of signals may be necessary when the components are of poor quality and exhibit significant dimensional variations , or when the machine is worn or poorly adjusted . generally , the packaging machines requiring this orientation operation operate at rates higher than 60 parts per minute and per station . the acquisition time for ten signals is therefore less than 6 seconds which indicates that a greater number of signals could be used without that having any significant impact on the machine setting time . the modelling phase requires the search for the signal model from the signals acquired . an appropriate digital processing is performed on the basis of these data to define the model of the component signal and the model of the interfering signal . the model of the signal results from the combination of the model of the component signal and of the model of the interfering signal . preferentially , the model of the signal results from an additive combination of the component signal and of the interfering signal . multiplicative combinations or combinations of more complex form can also be envisaged . according to the invention , at least the phase of the component model is variable . the phase of the component signal model indicates the angular position of the component in the rotating tool . according to a preferential embodiment of the invention , the phase of the interfering signal model is constant , which indicates that the interferences are primarily linked to the tool rotating said component . the component orientation method then comprises a calibration phase as indicated in fig7 . the aim of the calibration phase is to define the desired oriented position . this phase entails the intervention of the operator who indicates the value of the angular rotation to be applied ( that is to say the value of the phase difference ) to orient a component positioned randomly in the orientation device . the calibration phase comprises a number of steps . a first step consists in acquiring the signal for a stopper positioned randomly in the rotating tool . in a second step , the phase of the model of the component signal is then determined in order to minimize the deviation between the measured signal and the model of the signal . the phase of the component model that makes it possible to minimize the deviation defines the angular position of the component in the rotating tool . in the third step , the operator indicates the phase difference value to be applied to obtain the desired orientation . this last step makes it possible to define the reference angular position of the component signal model which corresponds to the oriented position of said component . as indicated in fig7 , the third phase of the orientation method is the automatic orientation phase or production phase . during this phase the machine automatically orients the components at a high production rate . the automatic orientation phase comprises at least the succession of a step of acquisition of the signal , a step of searching for the phase of the component model , a step of computation of the phase difference to be applied relative to the reference position ( oriented position ), and , finally , a step of orientation of the component by applying the phase difference . the automatic orientation phase must be performed within very short times given the rate of production . a major advantage of the invention is the possibility of achieving very high production rates . in the second step , the use of the model of the signal to define the phase of the signal allows for very short computation times . in this second step , there is a great benefit , by virtue of the model , in being able to replace the measured signal by a signal model resulting from the combination of a model of the component signal and a model of the interfering signal . this substitution is obtained by varying the phase of the model of the component signal and by comparing the model of the signal with the measured signal . the phase of the model of the component signal is determined when the deviation between the signal model and the measured signal is minimal . the method preferentially used to minimize the deviation between the signal model and the measured signal consists in minimizing the sum of the deviations squared between the two signals . the use of a model to perform these operations is a major benefit because the model of the signal can be broken down into a model of the component signal and a model of the interfering signal . according to the invention , the orientation method also makes it possible to quantify the reliability of the orientation based on the analysis of the deviation between the model of the signal and the measured signal . the reliability value obtained can be used to eject the components whose orientation is deemed uncertain . the method described in fig7 offers great robustness because the interfering noises are subtracted . the advantage of the method lies in the use of a model for the interfering noises and a model characteristic of the component and of its orientation . fig5 comprising fig5 a , 5b and 5c illustrates the modelling phase . fig5 a shows an example of acquisition of measured signals 8 a to 8 f as a function of the angular position 6 of the rotating tool . as illustrated in fig5 a , it is possible to identify , in these signals , the peaks 9 a to 9 f whose phase varies and which are characteristic of the respective orientation of the components a to f in the rotating tool . it can also be seen that said measured signals 8 a to 8 f exhibit an interfering noise 13 a to 13 f in phase with the rotating tool . an appropriate processing of all the signals 8 a to 8 f makes it possible to obtain the model of the signal illustrated in fig5 b and 5c . fig5 b represents the model of the component signal 14 whose phase is variable and which is representative only of the component and of its orientation . in this signal , the peak 9 which is the model of the peaks 9 a to 9 c of fig5 a is easily identifiable . fig5 b also shows a series of secondary peaks which can be used also for the orientation of the component but which are impossible to identify visually in the measured signals of fig5 a . this example shows that the method according to the invention makes it possible to identify characteristics of the component which are undetectable in the measured signal because of the interfering noises . fig5 c illustrates the model of the interfering signal 15 representative of the interfering noises 13 a to 13 f of fig5 a . in the model of the interfering signal illustrated in fig5 c , only the noises not randomly occurring are retained . in the example of fig5 , the model of the interfering signal 15 is in phase with the rotating tool . in the example of fig5 , the model of the signal corresponds to the sum of the model of the component signal illustrated in fig5 b and of the model of the interfering signal illustrated in fig5 c . fig6 illustrates the operation performed during the calibration phase . this operation consists in determining the reference position 7 corresponding to the desired orientation of the component . during this calibration phase , the operator defines the angular rotation , that is to say the phase difference 10 to be applied to the component to obtain the desired orientation . as illustrated in fig6 , the phase difference is computed from the component model and not from the measured signal . the orientation method described in the invention is particularly relevant for orienting stoppers relative to printed tube bodies . in particular , the invention makes it possible to orient clipped - on stoppers of “ snap - on ” type in order for the opening of the tube to be in accordance with the printing . the invention notably makes it possible to orient thin stoppers which are deformed in the clamps of the rotating tool . the invention makes it possible to improve the accuracy of the orientation of the component because the phase difference 10 to be applied is defined with great accuracy . the invention makes it possible to orient the components in a very short time , which makes it possible to achieve high production rates . the invention makes it possible to reduce the rejects linked to dimensional variations of the components ( deformations , removals ) or color variations . the invention makes it possible to considerably reduce the setting times upon a change of component ( geometry , diameter , color ). the embodiments of the present invention are given as illustrative examples and should not be considered to be limiting . variants are possible within the scope of the protection claimed , notably by using equivalent means . for example , the signal emission and reception cell ( 11 ) could be in motion about the component which , for its part , would remain fixed . preferably , the cell is positioned on an axis at right angles to the axis of rotation of the object / component to be oriented . a position of the cell according to a plane parallel to the axis of orientation of the object can also be used if the information contained in the reading plane comprises information relating to the angular orientation of the component ( for example the top surface of the object ). more generally , the positioning of the axis of the cell can be set according to different orientations relative to the orientation axis . any reference that can be detected on the component can be used in the context of the present invention to determine the position of said component and orient said component according to the principles of the present invention . if the present description mentions an application for tube components , this is not limiting and other applications can be envisaged in which there is a desire to rapidly orient parts arranged randomly . the signal used for the measurement and orientation can be an optical signal or other signal ( electrical , magnetic , etc .) which is transformed if necessary for it to be processed according to the principles of the present invention .