agglomerates with the claimed shape and characteristics were synthesized in a reaction of interaction between water and starting material that was al / aln powder produced by electrical explosion of aluminum wire in nitrogen atmosphere , with particle size 80 - 100 nm , specific surface area 21 m 2 / g and mn phase content 70 mass %. the reaction was conducted in the following way . 100 g of powder were mixed with 10 l of water , and aluminum oxide nanoparticles with an average size of 70 nm were added to the mixture in an amount of 0 . 1 mass % with respect to the powder mass . the nanoparticles acted as seeds to increase the nucleation rate of transformation products on the seed particles and their crystallization rate . the resulting suspension was heated in the range from 25 ° c . to 60 ° c . with vigorous agitation at a rate of 200 rpm using a mechanical mixer . the reaction was conducted at ph = 9 . 4 for 60 min to achieve a constant ph value . the obtained product was dried to a constant mass at temperature 90 ° c . for 4 hours . the mass of the obtained product was 150 g . the specific surface area of the product measured on a sorbtometr - m analyzer was 330 m 2 / g . x - ray diffraction analysis on a dron - 7 diffractometer showed that the obtained product was a100h . fig1 depicts a micrograph of agglomerates of oxyhydroxide aluminum low - dimensional folded structures obtained using a jem - 2100 transmission electron microscope . the micrograph demonstrates faces and folds . fig2 illustrates a micrograph of agglomerates of low - dimensional folded structures obtained using a leo evo 50 scanning electron microscope . the agglomerate size was in the range from 0 . 5 μm to 7 μm . the zeta potential of agglomerates determined with a zetasizer nano zs was 60 mv . taking into account the average face thickness of 5 nm , the electric field strength on the edge can be estimated . the electric field strength is the electric field strength on the edge is e = 12 mv / nm or 1 . 2 · 10 7 v / m . the electric field strength on the surface of a nonporous spherical oxyhydroxide aluminum particle of size 3 μm would be 20 mv / μm or 2 · 10 4 v / m , i . e . by approximately 3 orders of magnitude lower than on the edge . the force acting on a charged particle near an agglomerate is determined by the expression where q is the particle charge [ savelyev i . v ., physics , a general course , moscow : mir , 1981 .]. correspondingly , at q = const the force acting on a particle for an agglomerate of low - dimensional structures would be 600 times higher than for a nonporous spherical particle of the same size and chemical composition . bimetal fe — al nanopowder with the particle size of about 100 nm was produced by simultaneous electrical explosion of iron and aluminum wires in nitrogen atmosphere at the ratio of fe : al = 90 : 10 mass %. 20 g of powder were mixed with 2000 ml of distilled water , and the mixture was heated up to 60 ° c . with constant agitation . the ph of the reaction medium was controlled and adjusted to 9 . 0 using ammonia solution . the reaction was conducted for 60 min . then , the suspension was filtered , rinsed to neutral ph with distilled water and dried at temperature 90 ° c . for 4 hours . the mass of the obtained product was 25 . 4 g . the specific surface area of the product measured on a sorbtometr - m analyzer was 220 m 2 / g . x - ray diffraction analysis on a dron - 7 diffractometer revealed that the product contained primarily goethite feooh and a low content of boehmite alooh . fig3 illustrates a micrograph of a feooh / alooh composite agglomerate obtained using a leo evo 50 scanning electron microscope . the micrograph demonstrates that the agglomerates consist of a great number of low - dimensional folded structures . the properties of the aforesaid composite mainly depend on the morphology and properties of goethite . the agglomerate size was in the range from 1 . 0 μm to 12 . 0 μm . the zeta potential of agglomerates determined with a zetasizer nano zs was about 50 mv . the subsequent calculations were similar to those carried out in example 1 . the electric field strength on the edge was e = 2 . 5 · 10 7 v / m . for comparison , the electric field strength on the surface of a nonporous spherical particle of size 1 μm with the same chemical composition was e = 5 · 10 4 v / m . agglomerates of ti oxide low - dimensional folded structures were produced by hydrothermal synthesis at temperature 130 ° c . for 12 hours in the following way . 100 g of titanium butylate were mixed with 30 ml of acetylacetone and 10 ml of distilled water with constant agitation . then , 10 ml of concentrated ammonia solution was added to the mixture . the mixture was heated up to 130 ° c . and hydrothermally treated for 12 hours with constant agitation . the obtained suspension was filtered and rinsed with isopropyl alcohol and distilled water . the washed powder was air dried at temperature 105 ° c . for 10 hours . the resulting product was 18 g of titanium oxide low - dimensional folded structures . the specific surface area measured similarly to examples 1 and 2 was equal to 380 m 2 / g . fig4 gives a micrograph of titanium oxide agglomerates obtained on a leo evo 50 scanning electron microscope . the micrograph demonstrates that the agglomerates consist of a great number of low - dimensional folded structures . the agglomerate size was in the range from 0 . 3 μm to 5 . 0 μm . the zeta potential of agglomerates determined with a zetasizer nano zs was about 40 mv . the subsequent calculations were similar to those conducted in example 1 . the electric field strength on the edge was e = 1 . 3 · 10 7 v / m . for comparison , the electric field strength on the surface of a nonporous spherical particle of size 0 . 3 μm e = 1 . 3 · 10 5 v / m . polyvinyl chloride granules of size no more than 1 mm were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran in a wt % ratio of 10 : 90 , respectively . the suspension was kept for 8 days with periodic agitation . the dissolution of polyvinyl chloride in tetrahydrofuran gave a viscous colorless liquid . 10 ml of polyvinyl chloride / tetrahydrofuran solution were mixed with 5 mg of porous alooh synthesized according to example 1 . the prepared mixture was kept for 72 hours with periodic agitation . the supernatant was removed , and the precipitate was mixed with 30 ml of methanol and left for 1 hour for complete sedimentation . the mixture was filtered through filter paper and the sediment was dried in an oven at 30 ° c . for 24 hours . the resulting dry powder was mixed with 50 % naooh solution and kept for 5 days under visual control to complete dissolution of alooh and sedimentation of polyvinyl chloride low - dimensional structures . the sediment was rinsed with a large volume of ethyl alcohol and dried at 30 ° c . for 24 hours . fig1 illustrates a micrograph of polyvinyl chloride low - dimensional structures obtained using a jem 2100 transmission electron microscope . the micrograph shows that the examined sample consists of overlapping polymer plates . e . coli 7935 , st . aureus 209 and p . aeruginosa 27583 strains were cultivated on meat peptone agar for 24 hours in a thermostat at temperature 37 ± 1 ° c . and then a microorganism suspension of 1 . 0 × 10 3 cfu / ml was prepared . e . coli 7935 are short ( 1 - 3 μm long and 0 . 5 - 0 . 8 μm wide ) polymorphic motile and nonmotile gram - negative rods . st . aureus 209 are gram - positive spherical cells of diameter 0 . 5 - 1 . 5 μm . p . aeruginosa 27583 are gram - negative straight rods of length 1 - 3 μm and width 0 . 5 - 0 . 7 μm . the sorption efficiency was measured for e . coli , st . aureus and p . aeruginosa bacteria according to the recommendations by voroshilova et al . [ voroshilova a . a . and dianova e . d ., oil - oxidizing bacteria as markers of biological oil oxidation intensity under natural conditions , microbiologiya , 1952 , vol . 21 , no . 4 , p . 408 - 415 .]. to determine the sorption efficiency , autoclaved samples of mass 100 mg were introduced into sterile flasks and mixed with 30 ml of bacterial suspension with concentration 1 . 0 × 10 3 cfu / ml . microorganism adsorption on the samples occurred with constant agitation of suspension for 30 min using a magnet mixer at a rate of 500 rpm . the samples were then centrifuged for 3 min at 1300 rpm , and 1 ml of supernatant was inoculated onto meat peptone agar plates that were incubated in a thermostat at 37 ± 1 ° c . for 24 h . colonies were counted after 24 hours of incubation . a model solution of metals was prepared which contained 0 . 25 mg / l arsenic in the form of arsenate ions , 0 . 4 mg / l manganese , 0 . 5 mg / l lead and 3 mg / l copper . 100 ml of the model solution were mixed with 1 g of agglomerates of iron oxyhydroxide folded structures , and the obtained mixture was agitated for 1 hour at room temperature . the concentration of metal ions was determined after sorption . the results are given in table 3 . the residual concentration of inorganic impurities after inorganic ion adsorption on iron oxyhydroxide folded structures in water under static conditions was lower than the mpc for drinking water [ sanpin 2 . 1 . 4 . 1074 - 01 drinking water . hygienic requirements on water quality in drinking water supply systems . quality control .]. application of metal oxides / oxyhydroxides with the claimed shape and characteristics for wound healing experiments were performed on white outbred male rats weighing 140 - 210 g , 100 animals in total : 20 animals in each trial ( 4 hydroxide types ) and 20 untreated control group animals . the animals were shaved in the dorsal region , and a skin region of 2 cm 2 was marked . a piece of skin and subcutaneous tissue were excised in the marked region to an underneath fascia . a kocher clamp on the wound edges and bottom was used to create tissue injury . the wound was contaminated with a st . aureus suspension of 5 · 10 5 cfu / ml ( an infected soft tissue wound model / sukhovey yu . g ., tsiryatyeva s . b ., minin a . s ., samusev r . s ., sych a . s ., kostolomova e . g .// rf patent no . 2321898 , 10 apr . 2008 , publ . in bullet . no . 1 ). the infecting dose was 2 ml per 200 g of rat weight . the infected wound was secured with teflon rings with covers to prevent disturbance of the wound by grooming the animals were operated under ether narcosis in nonsterile conditions . wound treatment began 48 hours after operation when the wound demonstrated acute suppurative inflammation . metal oxyhydroxides produced by examples 1 - 3 were applied to the wound as dry powder of mass 2 g once a day . the treatment was continued depending on the wound healing rate . the development of the purulent process in the wound was assessed by daily observations of the animal for 25 days . purulent or serous wound exudate ; local inflammatory reaction ( hyperemia and edema in the wound region ); rate of wound cleaning ( removal of necrotic tissue and elimination of wound discharge ); rate of secondary scar formation . the wound healing criteria were the time of removal of purulent and necrotic tissue from the wound , granulation tissue formation , beginning and completion of wound epithelization . wound healing outcomes were also assessed . the data are given in table 4 . the given data indicate that the application of metal oxyhydroxides accelerated significantly wound healing with respect to the control group animals . the complete epithelization time reduced by 40 - 62 % with respect to the control untreated group . this effect is evidently related both to wound decontamination and to tissue cell proliferation ( epithelization ). it is noticeable that wound healing occurred without formation of rough scars . the animals were treated according to order no . 267 of jun . 19 , 2003 on good laboratory practice guidelines and according to the rules adopted by the european convention for the protection of vertebrate animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes ( strasbourg , 1986 ). experimental animals were kept in standard vivarium plastic animal cages , one per cage , on wood shavings bedding , with free access to food and water ( standard mouse diet ), under a natural light regime . application of aluminum oxyhydroxide with the claimed shape and characteristics for the inhibition of cancer cell growth experiments were conducted on the established hos ( te85 , clone f5 ) cell line from human osteosarcoma . the cells were plated in 50 ml culture flasks at a cell density of 1 . 1 mln per flask . a monolayer was formed during 2 - 3 days . the formed monolayer was rinsed with a cell culture medium without serum . 0 . 005 , 0 . 01 and 0 . 03 g of aluminum oxyhydroxide powder was suspended in 2 ml of the cell culture medium and applied to the cell monolayer . then , 5 ml of cell culture medium containing 2 % fetal bovine serum was added . the cells were incubated in a thermostat at 37 ± 1 ° c . according to the recommendations for this cell line . to determine the proliferation index ( pi , ratio of the number of newly proliferated cells to the number of parent cells ) the cell monolayer was detached by trypsin and versene after 24 , 48 and 72 hours of contact with aluminum oxyhydroxide powder . cells were counted on a hemocytometer ( goryaev chamber ) by using trypan blue vital staining to determine the number of living and dead cells . in trypan blue staining living cells remain colorless , while dead cells are colored blue . all experiments were performed with control in 2 replicates , and cells were counted in 3 replicates . the proliferation index was determined taking into account the inoculated dose per 1 culture flask . it was equal to 1 . 1 mln in all experiments , and the volume of the medium for cell detachment and resuspension was 3 . 0 ml . according to the purpose of the experiment , hos cells were grown as a monolayer that was treated with increasing aluminum oxyhydroxide fractions of 0 . 005 , 0 . 01 and 0 . 03 g . the proliferation of hela ( human cervical carcinoma ), mcf - 7 ( human breast cancer ) and um - scc - 14c ( human squamous cell carcinoma of skin ) cell lines was determined by inoculating the cells in a 96 well plate ( saphire ) at a density of 1 × 10 5 cells / well in the dmem or mem cell culture medium containing 2 mm l - glutamine , 100 units penicillin , 100 μg / ml streptomycin and 10 % fetal bovine serum . aluminum oxyhydroxide powder was suspended in a phosphate buffer ( ph 7 . 4 ) at a concentration of 0 . 005 g / ml and applied to the cell monolayer . the control group was not treated by aluminum oxyhydroxide . the cells were incubated for 24 and 48 hours in a thermostat at 37 ± 1 ° c . in a 5 % humid co 2 atmosphere . the cell proliferation was detected by incorporating 5 - bromo - 2 ′- deoxyuridine ( brdu ) into the newly synthesized dna of replicating cells ( synthetic phase of the cell cycle ) with the replacement of thymidine during dna replication . the fluorescent detection of brdu was carried out using a tecan microplate reader ( austria ) with excitation wave length at 370 nm and emission wavelength at 470 nm . the influence of aluminum oxyhydroxide on tumor cell vitality for hela ( human cervical carcinoma ), mcf - 7 ( human breast cancer ) and um - scc - 14c ( human squamous cell carcinoma of skin ) cell lines was studied by inoculating the cells in 15 - cm cell culture dishes and cultivating them in the dmem or mem cell culture medium containing 2 mm l - glutamine , 100 units penicillin , 100 μg / ml streptomycin and 10 % fetal bovine serum until a confluent monolayer was formed . aluminum oxyhydroxide powder was suspended in a phosphate buffer ( ph 7 . 4 ) at a concentration of 0 . 005 g / ml and transferred applied to cell monolayer . the cells were incubated for 24 and 48 hours in a thermostat at 37 ± 1 ° c . in a 5 % humid co 2 atmosphere . to determine the number of living cells , the monolayer was detached with a tryple select solution ( gibco ) and cells in the obtained suspension were counted using a hemocytometer ( goryaev chamber ). the number of living and dead cells was determined by using 0 . 1 % trypan blue vital staining . before experiments aluminum oxyhydroxide powder samples were steam sterilized three times in 24 hour intervals at 121 ° c . for 20 min the results of experiments on hos cells are displayed in fig7 . it shows the dependence of the number of living hos cells (%) on the aluminum oxyhydroxide content in 2 ml of cell culture medium : 1 — 0 . 005 g , 2 — 0 . 01 g , 3 — 0 . 03 g , and in table 5 ( w is the percentage of cells ). the experimental results for hela , mcf - 7 and um - scc - 14c cell lines are given in fig8 and 9 . fig8 demonstrates the number of living cancer cells (%) in 24 ( a ) and 48 hours ( b ). fig9 demonstrates the results of cancer cell proliferation (%) in 24 ( a ) and 48 hours ( b ). it follows from the given data that aluminum oxyhydroxide applied to tumor cell cultures significantly inhibits cell proliferation . aluminum oxyhydroxide can be used as powder or if applied onto a fibrous or porous carrier . e . coli 7935 cultures were cultivated on meat peptone agar for 24 hours in a thermostat at 37 ± 1 ° c . and then a microorganism suspension 1 . 0 × 10 3 cfu / ml was prepared . the sorption efficiency was assessed using e . coli bacteria following the recommendations by voroshilova et al . [ voroshilova a . a . and dianova e . d ., oil - oxidizing bacteria as markers of biological oil oxidation intensity under natural conditions , microbiologiya , 1952 , vol . 21 , no . 4 , p . 408 - 415 .]. to determine the sorption efficiency , autoclaved samples of mass 10 mg were introduced into sterile flasks and mixed with 3 ml of bacterial suspension with concentration 1 . 0 × 10 3 cfu / ml . microorganism adsorption on the samples occurred with constant agitation of suspension for 30 min using a magnet mixer at a rate of 500 rpm . the samples were then centrifuged for 3 min at 1300 rpm , and 1 ml of supernatant was inoculated onto meat peptone agar plates that were incubated in a thermostat at 37 ± 1 ° c . for 24 h . colonies were counted after 24 hours of incubation .