hereinafter , exemplary embodiments will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings , in which like reference numerals correspond to like elements throughout . fig1 is a diagram illustrating operation of a multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 and a multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 according to an exemplary embodiment . the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may efficiently encode an image in consideration of redundancy among images taken from a plurality of views . specifically , the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may perform encoding according to a multi - view video encoding method . here , the multi - view video encoding method may encode images in various encoding modes . out of the various encoding modes , a skip mode does not encode blocks constituting an image but transmits only a 1 bit index indicating the skip mode to the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 . therefore , encoding efficiency of the skip mode is relatively high . that is , in encoding of an image , as a number of current blocks being encoded in the skip mode increases , the encoding efficiency may be increased . although , in general , a direct mode is distinguished from the skip mode , the skip mode according to the exemplary embodiments will be described as including the direct mode . the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may separate the skip mode into a first skip mode and a second skip mode . the first skip mode encodes a current block using a frame of a same view but of a different time from a frame of the current block to be encoded . the second skip mode encodes the current block using a frame of a different view but of a same time as the frame of the current block to be encoded . here , the first skip mode may be defined as an inter skip mode while the second skip mode may be defined as an inter view skip mode . the exemplary embodiments may include any skip mode performing the same operations and are not limited to the foregoing definitions . in the following description , a frame may be referred to as a reference image . according to the exemplary embodiments , since a frame , not only of the same view , but also of the different view is taken into consideration , the skip mode may be applied to more current blocks being encoded . according to the present exemplary embodiment , the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may encode the current block using the second skip mode . alternatively , according to another exemplary embodiment , the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may determine which one of the first skip mode and the second skip mode more efficiently encodes the current block , and transmit the determined skip mode to the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 . therefore , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may decode the current block according to the transmitted skip mode . fig2 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 , according to an exemplary embodiment . referring to fig2 , the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may include an encoding mode determination unit 201 and a bitstream generation unit 202 . hereinafter , the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 according to two exemplary embodiments will be described . although the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may encode the current block according to an inter mode or an intra mode , such as inter 2n × 2n , inter 2n × n , inter n × 2n , inter n × n , intra 2n × 2n , intra n × n , and the like , encoding according to the skip mode will be mainly described hereinafter . the encoding mode is not limited to the foregoing definition and other encoding modes may be added . the encoding mode determination unit 201 may determine whether to use a skip mode that uses a frame of a second view for encoding the current block included in a frame of a first view . that is , the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may determine whether to encode the current block by the inter view skip mode . otherwise , the encoding mode determination unit 201 may encode the current block included in the frame of the first view by an inter mode or an intra mode that uses a residual signal of the current block . for example , when the current block is encoded according to the skip mode , a multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may determine a prediction disparity vector ( pdv ) of the current block included in the frame of the first view , using a disparity vector ( dv ) of a peripheral block referencing the frame of the second view among peripheral blocks of the current block . here , the pdv may be deduced by applying a median filter to a dv of at least one peripheral block . therefore , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may extract a prediction block of the current block in the frame of the second view using the pdv , and restore the current block by compensating the current block using the prediction block . as another example , when the current block is encoded according to the skip mode , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may determine the pdv of the current block , using a dv of a target block corresponding to a location of the current block in a frame of a different time from a frame including the current block among frames of the first view . therefore , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may extract the prediction block of the current block in the frame of the first view using the pdv , and restore the current block by compensating the current block using the prediction block . as yet another example , when the current block is encoded according to the skip mode , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may determine the pdv of the current block , using a dv of a target block corresponding to locations of the peripheral blocks of the current block in the frame of the different time from the frame including the current block among the frames of the first view . therefore , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may extract the prediction block of the current block in the frame of the first view using the pdv of the current block , and restore the current block by compensating the current block using the prediction block . when the current block included in the frame of the first view is encoded according to the skip mode that uses the frame of the second view , the bitstream generation unit 202 may encode an index indicating the skip mode and generate the bitstream . for example , the index may be set to 1 when the current block is encoded according to the skip mode and to 0 when the current block is encoded not according to the skip mode . therefore , only 1 bit is necessary in actual encoding of the index . different from the inter mode or the intra mode , the skip mode does not transmit the residual signal between the current block and a prediction block of the current block . therefore , the bitstream may include an index only related to whether the current bock is encoded according the skip mode . in addition , the peripheral blocks of the current block may include at least one block selected from a block adjoining a left side of the current block , a block adjoining an upper side of the current block , and a block adjoining an upper left end of the current block . different from the first exemplary embodiment , the encoding mode determination unit 201 may determine whether to use the first skip mode that uses the frame of the first view or the second skip mode that uses the frame of the second view for encoding the current block included in the frame of the first view . for example , the encoding mode determination unit 201 may determine , as the encoding mode for encoding the current block , the skip mode having a smaller cost function among cost functions resulting from encoding according to the first skip mode and the second skip mode . here , the first skip mode refers to an encoding mode which determines a prediction motion vector ( pmv ) of the current block using a motion vector ( mv ) of a peripheral block referencing the frame of the first view , which indicates a different time from the frame including the current block , among the peripheral blocks of the current block , and restores the current block using the pmv . since the second skip mode is described in detail with reference to the first exemplary embodiment , a description of the second skip mode will be omitted . therefore , the bitstream generation unit 202 may generate a bitstream by encoding an index indicating a skip mode determined with respect to the current block . fig3 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 , according to an exemplary embodiment . referring to fig3 , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 includes an index decoding unit 301 and a block restoration unit 302 . hereinafter , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 according to two exemplary embodiments will be described . the index decoding unit 301 may decode an encoded index indicating the skip mode of the current block included in the frame of the first view . the encoded index may be transmitted using the bitstream generated by the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 and deduced from the bitstream through demultiplexing . the block restoration unit 302 may restore the current block by extracting a prediction block of the current block in the frame of the second view according to the skip mode of the current block . for example , the block restoration unit 302 may determine a pdv of the current block using the dv of the peripheral block referencing the frame of the second view among the peripheral blocks of the current block . additionally , the block restoration unit 302 may determine a prediction vector of the current block in the frame of the second view using the pdv , and restore the current block by compensating the current block using the prediction block . as another example , the block restoration unit 302 may determine the pdv of the current block , using the current block of the target block corresponding to the locations of the peripheral blocks of the current block in the frame of the different time from the frame including the current block among the frames of the first view . additionally , the block restoration unit 302 may determine the prediction vector of the current block in the frame of the second view using the pdv . different from the first exemplary embodiment , the index decoding unit 301 may decode an encoded index indicating whether the current block included in the frame of the first view is encoded according to the first skip mode or the second skip mode . here , the first skip mode may refer to an encoding mode that determines the prediction block of the current block in the frame of the first view which is the same as a view of the frame including the current block . the second skip mode may refer to an encoding mode that determines the prediction block of the current block in the frame of the second view which is different from the view of the frame including the current block . for example , when the current block is encoded according to the first skip mode , the block restoration unit 302 may determine the pmv of the current block , using the mv of the peripheral block referencing the frame of the first view , which indicates the different time from the frame including the current block among the peripheral blocks of the current block . therefore , the block restoration unit 302 may determine the prediction block of the current block in the frame of the first view using the pmv , and restore the current block by compensating the current block using the prediction block . as another example , when the current block is encoded according to the second skip mode , the block restoration unit 302 may determine the pdv of the current block using the dv of the peripheral block referencing the frame of the second view among the peripheral blocks of the current block . therefore , the block restoration unit 302 may determine the prediction block of the current block using the pdv , and restore the current block by compensating the current block using the prediction block . as yet another example , when the current block is encoded according to the second skip mode , the restoration unit 302 may determine the pdv of the current block using the dv of the target block corresponding to the location of the current block in the frame of the first view , which indicates the different time from the frame including the current block among frames of the first view . therefore , the block restoration unit 302 may determine the prediction block of the current block using the pdv , and restore the current block by compensating the current block using the prediction block . fig4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of multi - view video , according to an exemplary embodiment . fig4 shows a multi - view video encoding method which encodes input images of three views , that is , left , center , and right views , by group of picture ( gop ). when encoding the multi - view image , the concept of hierarchical b picture is applied with respect to a temporal axis and a view axis , thereby reducing redundancy among images . when encoding the images of the three views , the configuration of fig1 may first encode the left - view image , then encode the right - view image , and then encode the center - view image ( i . e ., sequentially ). here , the left - view image may be encoded through motion estimation that searches for a similar area from previous images and removes temporal redundancy . when the right - view image is encoded , since the left - view image already encoded is used as a reference image , not only is the temporal redundancy removed by the motion estimation , but also inter - view redundancy generated between views may be removed through disparity estimation . when the center - view image is encoded , both the left - view image and the right - view image may be used as reference images . therefore , the disparity estimation may be performed in both directions , thereby removing the inter - view redundancy . in a multi - view video encoding method as shown in fig1 , an i - view refers to an image encoded without using an image of another view , e . g ., the left - view image ). a p - view refers to an image encoded by prediction in one direction from an image of another view , e . g ., the right - view image . in addition , a b - view refers to a bi - directionally predicted view image encoded in both directions from a left - view image and a right - view image , e . g ., the center - view image . fig5 is a diagram illustrating a frame used for encoding a current block , according to an exemplary embodiment . in general , the multi - view video encoding method may search for a prediction block most similar to the current block among peripheral blocks adjoining a current image 501 that includes the current block , and encodes a residual signal between the current block and the prediction block . however , among the various encoding modes , the encoding efficiency of the skip mode is relatively high because the skip mode does not transmit encoding information of the current block to the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 . according to the present exemplary embodiment , the skip mode may be divided into a first skip mode that uses a frame 1 502 and a frame 2 503 , of which the views are same but the times are different , and a second skip mode that uses a frame 3 504 and a frame 4 505 , of which the views are different but the times are same , with respect to the current block 501 . the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may encode the current block according to the first skip mode . alternatively , the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may encode the current block according to the second skip mode . in addition , the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may encode the current block according to any one of the first skip mode and the second skip mode having higher encoding efficiency . here , the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may determine the encoding efficiency by calculating a cost function with respect to a result of encoding performed according to the first skip mode and the second skip mode . the cost function may be calculated by rate distortion ( rd ) using equation 1 . here , sum of square difference ( ssd ) is obtained by squaring a differentiation value of a current block s and a prediction block r . λ denotes the lagrangian coefficient , and r denotes a number of bits necessary when encoding is performed according to the first skip mode or the second skip mode . when the current block is encoded according to the first skip mode , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may determine a pmv of the current block based on mvs of peripheral blocks using frames of the same views among the peripheral blocks of the current block . here , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may determine the pmv by applying a median filter to the mvs of the peripheral blocks . next , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may determine a prediction block of the current block in a frame of a same view as a frame including the current block , so as to restore the current block based on the pmv . when the current block is encoded according to the second skip mode , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may determine a pdv of the current block based on dvs of peripheral blocks using frames of different views among the peripheral blocks of the current block . here , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may extract the pdv by applying the median filter to the dvs of the peripheral blocks . in addition , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may determine the prediction block of the current block in a frame of a different view from a frame including the current block , so as to restore the current block based on the pdv . accordingly , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may restore the current block based on the prediction block deduced by the first skip mode and the prediction block deduced by the second skip mode . fig6 is a diagram illustrating a skip mode of when a current block is encoded , according to an exemplary embodiment . two skip modes may be applied to encode a current block included in a frame 601 . first , a first skip mode compensates the current block by extracting the prediction block from a frame 603 of a same view as a view of the frame 601 . second , a second skip mode compensates the current block by extracting the prediction block from a frame 602 of a different view from the view of the frame 601 . the first skip mode may generate a pmv by applying a median filter to an mv of peripheral blocks b 1 to b 5 of the current block , and determine the prediction block in the frame 603 using the pmv . the second skip mode may generate a pdv by applying the median filter to dvs of the peripheral blocks b 1 to b 5 of the current block , and determine the prediction block in the frame 602 using the pdv . also , the second skip mode may generate the pdv using a dv of a target block of the frame 603 being in a same location as the current block , and determine the prediction block in the frame 602 using the pdv . alternatively , the second skip mode may generate the pdv by applying the median filter to the dv of peripheral blocks of the target block of the frame 603 , and determine the prediction block in the frame 602 using the pdv . three examples of the second skip mode are suggested above . among pdvs deduced from the three examples , a highest priority may be given to a dv indicating a most similar prediction block to the current block . fig7 is a flowchart illustrating a multi - view video encoding method according to a first exemplary embodiment . in operation s 701 , the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may determine whether to encode the current block included in the frame of the first view using the skip mode that uses the frame of the second view . here , the skip mode may refer to an encoding mode that determines the pdv of the current block using the dv of the peripheral block referencing the frame of the second view among the peripheral blocks of the current block , and restores the current block using the pdv . alternatively , the skip mode may refer to an encoding mode that determines the pdv of the current block using the dv of the target block corresponding to the location of the current block in the frame of the different time from the frame including the current block among the frames of the first view , and restores the current block using the pdv . also , the skip mode may refer to an encoding mode that determines the pdv of the current block using the dv of the target block corresponding to locations of the peripheral blocks of the current block in the frame of the different time from the frame including the current block among the frames of the first view , and restores the current block using the pdv . in operation s 702 , when encoding the current block according to the skip mode , the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may generate a bitstream by encoding the index indicating the skip mode . fig8 is a flowchart illustrating a multi - view video encoding method according to a second exemplary embodiment . in operation s 801 , the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may determine whether to use the first skip mode that uses the frame of the first view or the second skip mode that uses the frame of the second view , for encoding the current block included in the frame of the first view . for example , the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may determine , as the encoding mode for encoding the current block , the skip mode having a smaller cost function among cost functions resulting from encoding according to the first skip mode and the second skip mode . here , the first skip mode may refer to an encoding mode which determines the pmv of the current block using the mv of the peripheral block referencing the frame of the first view , which indicates the different time from the frame including the current block among the peripheral blocks of the current block , and restores the current block using the pmv . the second skip mode may refer to an encoding mode which determines the pdv of the current block using the dv of the peripheral block referencing the frame of the second view among the peripheral blocks of the current block , and restores the current block using the pdv . in addition , the second skip mode may determine the pdv of the current block using the dv of the target block corresponding to the location of the current block in the frame of the first view , which indicates the different time from the frame including the current block , among the peripheral blocks of the current block , and restores the current block using the pdv . in operation s 802 , the multi - view video encoding apparatus 101 may generate the bitstream by encoding the index indicating the skip mode determined with respect to the current block . fig9 is a flowchart illustrating a multi - view video decoding method according to the first exemplary embodiment . in operation s 901 , the multi - view video decoding apparatus may decode the encoded index indicating the skip mode of the current block included in the frame of the first view . the skip mode of fig9 has already been described in detail with reference to fig7 . in operation s 902 , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may restore the current block by extracting the prediction block of the current block in the frame of the second view according to the skip mode of the current block . fig1 is a flowchart illustrating a multi - view video decoding method according to the second exemplary embodiment . in operation s 1001 , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may decode the encoded index indicating whether the current block included in the frame of the first view is encoded according to the first skip mode or the second skip mode . the skip mode of fig1 has already been described in detail with reference to fig8 . in operation s 1002 , the multi - view video decoding apparatus 102 may restore the current block based on the skip mode of the current block determined by the decoded index . the above - described exemplary embodiments may be recorded , stored , or fixed in one or more non - transitory computer - readable media that includes program instructions to be implemented by a computer to cause a processor to execute or perform the program instructions . the media may also include , alone or in combination with the program instructions , data files , data structures , and the like . the program instructions recorded on the media may be those specially designed and constructed , or they may be of the kind well - known and available to those having ordinary skill in the art . while certain exemplary embodiments have been particularly shown and described , it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept as defined by the appended claims .