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CACI FORUM: The Impact of Events in the Arab World on Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Turkey
CACI Forum
"The Central-Asia Caucasus Institute"
The Impact of Events in the Arab World on Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Turkey
Among the many consequences of the upheavals that began in Tunisia and Egypt has been a dramatic rebirth of domino theories. First applied to other Arab countries, they are now being discussed with respect to countries further afield, including Central Asia, the Caucasus and Turkey. What are the arguments for and against such a hypothesis as it applies to the countries of these regions,, and how will it affect their foreign policies? What evidence has emerged in these countries in support of both the pro and con sides of the argument? What, if anything, is likely to occur, where, why, and how? How are regional states and publics responding to the Arab events and what is the likely course of future developments there? These questions will be addressed by a panel of experts and by an audience that will include many persons with detailed knowledge of the regions in question.
CACI FORUM: The WTO and the Central Asian States
"The Central Asia-Caucasus Institute"
The WTO and the Central Asian States
Long on the outer margins of Central Asians' policy interests, the World Trade Organization has recently become a lively topic there. Kyrgyzstan joined in December, 1998, while Tajikistan's membership will be finalized in just a few weeks, in early March. Meanwhile, Kazakhstan is deep into the accession process and both Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan are in contact with WTO regarding their desire to move forward on the steps needed for joining. This Forum reviews the fate of WTO in Central Asia and considers the meaning of present trends for the region's future commercial activities and orientation.The Forum is preceded by a reception and refreshments at 5 p.m. The program will begin promptly at 5:30 p.m. and will conclude at 7:00 p.m.


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You are at:Home»Headline News»Why Africa is the Future of Megacities
Why Africa is the Future of Megacities
By Green Building Africa - Net Carbon Zero Buildings and Cities	 December 2, 2019 1 Comment
Cape Town, South Africa. Credit: Shutterstock
In a discourse about the future of cities, one could be forgiven for limiting their geographical scope to innovations in Europe, the United States, and increasingly, China and Southeast Asia. After all, Shenzhen is about to once again host the world's only Biennale dedicated exclusively to urbanization, while smart, responsive architecture manifests in visions for cities such as Toronto and London, and tech giants such as Microsoft and Siemens. However, despite our preoccupation with the problems and opportunities of urbanization in the 'Global North', and the architectural innovations they herald, there is merit in expanding our horizons – and not just towards Mars. By the end of the century, none of the world's largest 20 cities will be in China, Europe, or the Americas. Africa, meanwhile, will host 13 out of 20, including the top 3.
A rendering of Eko-Atlantic City, Lagos, Nigeria. Image © ekoatlantic.com
The World Bank believes that Urbanization will be "the single most important transformation that the African continent will undergo this century", with over half of the population set to live in cities by 2040. This will manifest as 40,000 people moving to cities every day for the next 20 years. The result will be the creation of nine "megacities" of more than 10 million people each, with the largest being Kinshasa (35 million), Lagos (32 million) and Cairo (24 million).
Cape Town, South Africa. Image © Shutterstock
As African cities grow, and overtake their global rivals, the architects, urban designers, and planners who oversee this development will be forced to confront social and environmental challenges such as urban sprawl, climate change, and infrastructure deficits. This is without considering that 60% of urban dwellers in Africa live in slums. The challenge is already being met by studies such as Arup's Future Proofing City studies, detailing the firm's work in nine cities across four countries: Ethiopia, Ghana, Mozambique, and Uganda. The firm's proposal for the managed growth of these cities differs depending on local circumstances; from the "Uganda Vision 2040" which aims to activate five regional and strategic secondary cities in an act of decentralization, while the Mozambique model centers on the evolution of "growth corridors" encompassing transport, logistics, trade, economy, and human development.
Slums in Lagos, Nigeria. Image © Shutterstock
In contrast to Arup's urban scale interventions, the Institute for Experimental Architecture at Bauhaus Universitat Weimer recently worked with the Ethiopian Institute of Architecture Building Construction and City Development to build three residential prototypes at a 1:1 scale for Addis Ababa, addressing the Ethiopian capital's hyper-urbanization over recent years. Rather than relying on outdated models from Europe and the Global North, the experiments take advantage of indigenous building methods, construction technologies, and material use to create socially robust, open, and flexible spatial structures. Though engineered for Addis Ababa, where 80% of the urban population lives in slums, the architectural exercise has a broader story to tell; that of a new architectural ethos, an urban vernacular for African cities coping with an unprecedented surge in demand for urban growth.
Prototypes for future dwellings in African cities. Image © Bauhaus Experimental Building.
This new urban vernacular will be complimented by Africa's embrace of technology. The technology revolution has transformed the lives and opportunities of African citizens, including famous examples such as the use of mobile phones as a solution for the continent's poor banking structure. These technologies will continue to serve as facilitators of urban activity in Africa's megacities of tomorrow. The World Economic Forum highlights key examples, such as Max.ng, a motorcycle taxi service which has completed 1,000,000 rides across three Nigerian cities, or Sendy, a parcel delivery service with more than 1,1000 drivers serving 5,000 businesses and 50,000 individuals across Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania. Both enterprises are founded on the same decentralized, user-orientated, mobile app model that is also transforming Western cities; a model that cannot be ignored as architects and urban planners steer the future development and operation of Africa's megacities of the future.
While it is tempting to dismiss the long-term forecasts for African urbanization as a problem for another day, smart planning and investment is needed today, in order to mitigate against the risks of tomorrow. Africa needs to spend $130 – 170 billion annually to meet its basic infrastructure needs, with two thirds of investments in urban infrastructure needed by 2050 still not made. To cope with the unprecedented demands set to be placed on African cities, and to ensure that the 1.3 billion Africans who will live in cities by 2050 can live with dignity, opportunity, and security, the continent requires innovative thinking from its politicians, urban planners, and its architects.
Author: Niall Patrick Walsh
This article was first published in Arch Daily and is republished with permission.
An initiative by French President, Emmanuel Macron, the Africa France Summit will be the largest investment summit of its kind between Africa and France. The theme is 'Sustainable Cities' and South African President, Cyril Ramaphosa, will lead a 30 strong delegation to the summit. There will be over 50 other African heads of state in attendance. It is the first of a kind event combining both the public and private sector in a 'Sustainable City' designed exhibition plus summit. It is an Africa/France but also an Africa/Africa summit. The scope and scale is unprecedented.
Michael Hart on December 3, 2019 11:22 pm
It is not surprising that Africa will herald the largest megacities on the globe. Population growth and urbanisation due to low economic development will force people to migrate into cities to find work and prosperity. The downside is that there is little opportunity created within a recessionary economy. The reality is that the megacities of the future Africa may not be the Smart cities of the tech-visionaries. These cities could be something of a new hybrid where past colonial city plans may be transformed with a new innovative attitude to accommodate fast developing urban communities. It is clear that town planning and urban design will require new approaches towards density, land use and transportation. If SA cities are going to cope with future rapid growth its a warning that current strategies need to change to get the sluggish rate of urban renewal and housing delivery into action for the common good of the country and the economy. It is evident that the rate of urban change is not coping with current urbanisation. With respect there is nothing to learn in France. The South African government delegation just needs to look locally to find the solutions right here in Africa.
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Buying a home is a personal and professional milestone. Know a few do's and don'ts before you sign on the dotted line, though.
A lot depends on the builder you choose. When you look for property, it's better to do your homework and scout around for builders with an excellent reputation in the business, the U.S. News says.
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The best time to ask questions is before you sign the contract, not after. Once you sign your name, you'll be tied to that property. Prepare a list of the questions in advance. You'll find the right builder and property a lot easier when you use those questions as a guide.
When you hire a real estate firm to help you find the best new homes in Palm Coast FL, be sure to consider the company's experience in the field. If it's been around long enough to build a trustworthy reputation in the business, then that's a good indication that you're with the right one.
Review the contract. Make sure it's thorough and comprehensive. Skipping over this step can save you a lot of frustration and grief later.


Whatever it is that's bugging you , why don't you just spit it out and get it off your chest .
Right here in the open !
Adverts that say things like, "My jones saved £105 on his car insurance, Mrs Tilson £180. As if I'm going to say, "Wow if Mr Jones and Mrs Tilson (Who could be fraudsters, axe murderers or worse!) saved money then I can". These 'real world' people are actors and it annoys me that they are trying to make us believe they are not. You really don't work at Sainsbury's love, as I've seen you in loads of things.
Members who don't check for typo's before posting!!
Members who don't check for typos before posting!
Hmm, not to play "gotcha" but you did speak of "poetic licence" in the "What's in a Voice?" thread. Didn't you intend to spell it "license"?
And why would you prefer the "se" ending? I thought both were equally acceptable both in English and American usage. In old-fashioned English English usage the "ce" ending was used to indicate a noun and the "se" a verb -- for example, "practise" (verb) and "practice" (noun). This practice is not observed that much anymore these days but some sticklers still insist on it. Perhaps only in advise and advice is the convention widely adhered to.
"A little ___________ is a dangerous thing..." And the "correct" answer is not "knowledge".
"Poetic Licence", is plainly more often used than the "s" version, even in the US.
Let's remember that we (or should that be us) Americans don't own the language. I would hazard that most English speaking people outside of the US would find the "s" spelling unacceptable.
Who got whom. I wonder?
UK English = 'licence'; US English = 'license'.
Hopefully, Derby is still in the UK.
Gotcha! Both the "s" and "c" endings are considered acceptable now in nearly all English dialects and the "c" ending used to be used to distinguish the verb from the noun.
Still, however you look at it "poetic licence" is "correct". Arguably more correct than the "s" spelling. English is a living language. Once sticklers would have said your use of "hopefully" was wrong, but today it is standard.
'Depends on which dictionary one consults and whether it has recognised sufficient change of usage to update the respective definitions.
or a reputable UK dictionary that doesn't specify license similarly.
Even Wikipedia says: "The noun license (licence in British spelling)".
Perhaps there's a subtle difference between 'used' and 'acceptable'.
I didn't expect to start a war of words!
Seriously, I accept that certain words may be spelled differently in various parts of the world and I don't expect everyone to have perfect grammar and spell every word they write correctly. I'm sure I haven't/don't - that's why we have 'preview' and 'spell check'.
It is the silly typing errors that annoy me - I am not a professional typist myself and often hit the wrong key - for instance, I regularly type Hayley with a small 'h' - we wouldn't get away with that in the workplace, so why should we here?
Aha! But remember, Paddy, that the dictionaries are out of date by the time they are printed!
Seriously, I don't think we are that far apart. The old distinction between the noun and the verb was common in educated use in the early 1900s but I don't think it is seen much in everyday use these days.
I agree that the "ce" is the chiefly British usage and "se" the chiefly American usage. The term "acceptable" is different from "used" or "predominent usage". It is even a bit wishy-washy -- "acceptable to whom?", one might ask.
I don't think that we essentially disagree. It is, as you say, how one interprets "acceptable". I would say that the fact the dictionaries mention both, even if one is an "also" and "well-down", means that it is "acceptable" even if not common usage.
I'd argue -- without necessarily being dogmatic about it -- that anything that is in common usage in any of the major dialects of English should be considered "acceptable"; and the more so in this Internet age when people from so many different places are mixing together.
But I certainly don't want to be dogmatic or authoritarian about it. My point is that we shouldn't be too rigid about these matters. Shakespeare spelled or spelt (as he probably would have put it) his own name different ways at different times. My impression is that the distinction between US and British English is becoming blurred and I wouldn't condemn any young person for using either, irrespective of where they were from.
I am trying to tread gently here because I know that many people have strong feelings about these matters, but I feel that we should give people more license to use variations.
I have seen very angry arguments over such matters as whether one should use the "ise" or "ize" ending in various words. Again I would say both are acceptable.
I see a "typo" as different from a spelling or grammatical error, and less acceptable (useful word that!). If a literate person posts "teh", instead of "the", that is a "typo", not a spelling mistake, and proof that they have not proof-read their work.
Professional level grammar, punctuation, or spelling is not essential, I believe, on a forum like this, but a minimum level of care, to the point of avoiding glaring errors, can be expected.
Hi Texas Steve and 'welcome' as I see it is but your third post. I am delighted to find a fellow grammarian. I am reminded of my British friends in America, who are now Americans, when they first came over they were frequently asked the 'correct' spelling to which they could only reply that 'they hadn't got the hang of it yet! , there seemed an expectation they would know through being English.
There is in fact much sense in many Americanisations to the spelling of English words (especially the 'z' for 's') but it is too easily forgotten that your Webster's is none other than the opinion of one man, Mr Webster, although developed since by a Board of editors! Webster's to American English (although it actually claims to be 'of the English Language') is what 'Oxford' is or was to the British English language in terms of authority. There are now several alternatives. Collins claims to be 'The authority on Current English' while Chambers simply states it is 'a dictionary'. Apparently they lack confidence and do not wish to presume, users please note! I don't have a version of the Cambridge Dictionary but I do know Cambridge publishes a 'Dictionary of American English', presumably made available in America as a rival to Webster.
In so far as English English is concerned the key about Oxford (or my edition of it going back some years now, which is why I have so many dictionaries, they do need updating but I value history so I don't ditch an old dictionary when acquiring a new one) is that it is based on 'historical principles'. Webster's intention was to rationalise. His immediate comparator would be Dr Johnson (the writer of the first English dictionary, as biographed by Boswell) but Johnson was not interested in anyone's opinion, not even his own. He researched the diversity of dialect and then current usage as he encountered it.
The situation is further complicated by publishers who all have their own house style (in my early days as a printer so did the more 'established' printers) and as a consequence my own writing has quite gone to pieces. I am long overdue for re-establishing my own house style, having spent my working life following other people's diktats, including working for both British English and American English publishing houses, for which reasons I can now be best summed up as 'Confused of Hertfordshire'!
Seriously, getting back to subject (well, did I ever leave it as I had need to get something off my chest!?) I am delighted you highlight the difference between noun and verb spellings in British English, although you Americans don't usually show the difference. In advice and advise however, you raise another angst of mine. In English there is an increasing tendency to describe a person who gives advice as an 'advisor' not as an 'adviser' (correct because the person receiving the advice is an advisee) but too many of the 'also ran' cannot get the hang of spelling the derivative as in (okay, I am being slightly tautological in this example) 'The advice the adviser advises can only be advisory'. Rather like the lawyer who tells you the law is an uncertain animal in its outcomes but he needs you to instruct him to proceed, so that if he loses, it is your fault for giving him the instruction and you still pay him, even though he failed to achieve what you wanted! Never forget that at any one time fifty percent of all lawyers are wrong--they are the ones who lost their last case! Andrew?
What I think we have to ask ourselves is, 'What is the purpose of language?' To communicate. This is why modern English state schools emphasise the creative talent of students, telling them not to worry about their spelling. Speed and the shortage of space determines the corruption of words for texting messages. What we wish to encourage here on this web site, in this forum is freedom to interact, to share and many readers are using English as a second language quite brilliantly. Their grasp of English is far better than anything I have ever achieved in the diverse languages with which I, as a printer handling multi-lingual editions, have ever achieved.
The very last thing we want is for people (often very young as well as using English as a second or third language) to be discouraged from writing what they feel. We want them to share their thoughts and feelings. In particular, as has been covered elsewhere, many are not practising musicians and lack technical musical knowledge as well as knowledge of recording etc but there are those here who do have such detailed knowledge and are more than happy to share that knowledge. 'Practising' verb, but the automatic American-biased dictionary on ProBoards does not accept it!
1. Grant had no idea what he might set in motion when he posted his simple complaint of 'lack of care' when posting.
2. I've gone off like a bull in a field, rampaging but with tongue-very-much-in-cheek, having a bit of fun.
3. I think Grant would agree he never had any intention of discouraging those using English as a second language or who are very young.
4. While I am not happy with the concept in some English state schools 'express yourself, forget your grammar', we most certainly do want people to feel free, relaxed and wishing to take part in this forum.
5. Those for whom English is a second language, the automatic dictionary here is America-biased and you are not wrong in letting it over-ride your inclination if you are uncertain and there are diverse idiomatic contradictions in American-British English that can confuse both sides!
6. On spelling, a classic is 'program', as used for computers and 'programme' as used in theatres (theaters). 'Program' is British English and taken over to the US before the Puritans closed English theatres. On the Restoration of the Monarchy the theatres were re-opened but everyone had forgotten how to spell 'program', so they used the French word!
7.Finally while we English can lay claim to a major contribution in world communication through the English language there is one major contributor, Shakespeare, who verbalised nouns and made nouns out of verbs. He played with the English language as no one had done before or since and created much that we take for granted as English grammar. Creativity over-ruled convention, so perhaps those schools who believe in encouraging their students to 'let it all hang out and don't worry about your spelling' are not entirely wrong?! One major contribution was his versifying. The natural flow of English is the quadrameter. He over-ruled it and created the Iambic pentameter.
Hope you have enjoyed. Just sharing a bit of fun and making a play on words.
Quite right - maybe I should have been more careful with my wording!
Absolutely not! Most of the members here who manage to post in their second language put the rest of us to shame. Also, if you don't know something may be 'incorrect', how can you put it right?
Texas Steve was spot on with his conclusion in an earlier post. I blame Comet for starting this thread in the first place!


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Statistical misconceptions
Alex Reinhart – Updated August 10, 2021 notebooks · refsmmat.com
See also Mathematical misconceptions; Student assessment.
An important part of teaching statistics is understanding the misconceptions students typically hold about important statistical concepts.
General concepts
Wason, P. C. (1960). On the failure to eliminate hypotheses in a conceptual task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 12(3), 129–140. doi:10.1080/17470216008416717
The article behind this NYTimes interactive demonstration; go play with that first.
Students are presented with a sequence of three numbers and told it follows some rule, then asked to deduce what the rule is. They can try new sequences and are told if those sequences follow the rule. Most students, seeing the obvious pattern in the example, test a few further examples of it, then quit, without testing any other hypotheses – testing a sequence which shouldn't work, according to their rule, to see if they're right.
I see this in statistics when scientists, obtaining a significant result in favor of their scientific hypothesis, do not attempt to falsify their hypothesis or consider alternate hypotheses which could explain the result just as well. Maybe this is also a symptom of the law of small numbers: "I have seen this sequence, therefore it must be the rule, and I won't try hard to disprove it."
Also related:
Mahoney, M. J., & DeMonbreun, B. G. (1977). Psychology of the scientist: An analysis of problem-solving bias. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 1(3), 229–238. doi:10.1007/bf01186796
Fine academic trolling. Repeated the same test as used by Wason, but on PhD scientists and conservative Protestant ministers. Also, a telling quote about Wason's experiments (apparently he did many more after the initial paper):
…After having been told that an early hypothesis was wrong, they would often return to it via later confirmatory tests. This conceptual tenacity was sometimes striking. Moreover, subjects sometimes displayed considerable emotional stress and frustration while participating. They occasionally became upset when informed of their errors and one subject apparently exhibited psychotic behavior sufficient to warrant evacuation by ambulance.
Anyway, the ministers didn't do any worse than the PhDs, beyond taking longer to come up with hypotheses. The PhDs were also more likely to go back to confirm a hypothesis they were already told was wrong, instead of trying a new one.
Oh, and
And finally, when asked not to discuss the project with his co-workers, another psychologist (PS-6) said, "Good grief! I never talk to any of my colleagues."
Castro Sotos, A. E., Vanhoof, S., Van den Noortgate, W., & Onghena, P. (2007). Students' misconceptions of statistical inference: A review of the empirical evidence from research on statistics education. Educational Research Review, 2(2), 98–113. doi:10.1016/j.edurev.2007.04.001
Review of misconceptions, including
the law of small numbers (below), which had further implications, like students believing that sampling distributions should look more like the population as the sample size increases
lots of confusion about null and alternative hypotheses, and choosing the right null, and whether a hypothesis refers to the population or the sample
the usual p value misconceptions (below)
various confidence interval misinterpretations, like thinking graphical comparisons of overlap are valid tests for differences, or thinking a 95% CI means 95% of replications will fall in the interval
conflation of the central limit theorem, assuming that any large sample must be approximately normal, and hence being confused when asked to justify a CLT approximation
the belief that hypothesis tests are deterministic or give absolute proof of hypotheses
Representativeness
Rabin, M. (2002). Inference by believers in the law of small numbers. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 117(3), 775–816. doi:10.1162/003355302760193896
The "law of small numbers": people overestimate how representative a small sample is of the population from which it is drawn. This leads to the gambler's fallacy (if we get three heads in a row, the next must be tails, because I expect the sequence to be balanced), but also means people are more willing to reject the null when confronted with an unusual set of data, because they are overconfident in its representativeness of the population.
Hirsch, L. S., & O'Donnell, A. M. (2001). Representativeness in statistical reasoning: Identifying and assessing misconceptions. Journal of Statistics Education, 9(2). https://ww2.amstat.org/publications/jse/v9n2/hirsch.html
Results of a test of the "representativeness" misconception, embodied by the idea that, flipping a fair coin six times, the sequence H H H H T T is somehow less likely than H T H T H H, because it's less "representative" of a fair sequence of flips. Multiple choice questions asked students which sequence is least likely, then gave a multiple choice set of reasons for their choice. Also includes an experiment where students predicted probabilities of sequences of draws of marbles, then actually drew marbles, though this did not seem to help.
Konold, C. (1995). Issues in assessing conceptual understanding in probability and statistics. Journal of Statistics Education, 3(1). http://ww2.amstat.org/publications/jse/v3n1/konold.html
More representativeness results. Interestingly, students choose correctly (that all outcomes are equally likely) when asked which is most likely, but not when asked which is least likely. Konold calls this the "outcome approach": students interpret probabilities as statements of what will happen, not long-run relative frequencies. None is most likely because all could happen and they can't pick one in particular. Similarly, "70% chance of rain" means "it will rain" to students, without any conception of calibration.
Pfannkuch, M., & Brown, C. M. (1996). Building on and challenging students' intuitions about probability: Can we improve undergraduate learning? Journal of Statistics Education, 4(1). https://ww2.amstat.org/publications/jse/v4n1/pfannkuch.html
When presented with classic probability examples, like dice or roulette wheels, students make reasonable probabilistic statements; when asked similar problems with real data (like the distribution of rare birth defects in New Zealand), they immediately look for deterministic explanations instead of probabilistic ones, assuming there must be some explanation for the results. Describes some activities intended to connect the real-world examples to the classic examples, by having students roll dice to simulate birth defect data and see what results are surprising or not.
Probability densities
Chaput, J. S., Crack, T. F., & Onishchenko, O. (2021). What quantity appears on the vertical axis of a normal distribution? A student survey. Journal of Statistics and Data Science Education, 1–23. doi:10.1080/26939169.2021.1933658
"Our survey finds that only 27 out of 148 students surveyed (i.e., 18.2%) could label the vertical axis of the normal distribution correctly, and of these, only five students (i.e., 3.4%) could explain their label." Students don't have intuition for probability densities (often interpreting them as probabilities or counts) and do not know they have units. I've often been interested in the units problem, because I only started being able to remember common probability formulas when I read a paper from David Hogg explaining probability for physicists, including the dimensional analysis of probability. Perhaps we should teach statistics with dimensional analysis.
Well, A. D., Pollatsek, A., & Boyce, S. J. (1990). Understanding the effects of sample size on variability of the mean. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 47(2), 289–312. doi:10.1016/0749-5978(90)90040-G
Chance, B., DelMas, R., & Garfield, J. (2004). Reasoning about sampling distributions. In D. Ben-Zvi & J. Garfield (Eds.), The challenge of developing statistical literacy, reasoning and thinking (pp. 295–323). Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Discusses the great conceptual difficulties students have with sampling distributions, even if they have computer-based interactive sampling activities and labs to practice with. Goes through several rounds of activities and interviews to try to explore the problems.
Inference and p values
Falk, R., & Greenbaum, C. W. (1995). Significance tests die hard: The amazing persistence of a probabilistic misconception. Theory & Psychology, 5(1), 75–98. doi:10.1177/0959354395051004
Argues against the backwards logic of conventional significance testing, then reviews research showing that many scientists do not understand the meaning of alpha (interpreting it as the probability their conclusion is wrong). Argues for several root causes: the phrase "Type I error" sounds unconditional, without the important conditioning on the null; there are no easy mechanical alternatives; and it's hard to push back against everyone else using hypothesis testing.
Goodman, S. (2008). A dirty dozen: Twelve p-value misconceptions. Seminars in Hematology, 45(3), 135–140. doi:10.1053/j.seminhematol.2008.04.003
Aquilonius, B. C., & Brenner, M. E. (2015). Students' reasoning about p-values. Statistics Education Research Journal, 14(2), 7–27. http://iase-web.org/documents/SERJ/SERJ14(2)_Aquilonius.pdf
Asked 16 students to solve p value questions, then recorded their reasoning. None of the students could remember the formal definition of p values; nonetheless, they used their calculators to do tests and got the right answers. They couldn't explain the meaning of the p values to the interviewer. They could draw bell curves and label the rejection regions, but didn't know why you reject in that region. Several students claimed their instructors never explained why.
There's an interesting example where students are asked to test if a coin is fair. It got 31 heads out of 50; some rejected the null, then couldn't believe a coin would be unfair; others accepted the null, but then couldn't understand how 62% heads could possibly be fair, since "it has to be 50." Sampling variation didn't seem to enter into it.
The students had been exposed to the usual definitions of p values and hypothesis testing, but it seems none of it was retained whatsoever.
Crooks, N. M., Bartel, A. N., & Alibali, M. W. (2019). Conceptual knowledge of confidence intervals in psychology undergraduate and graduate students. Statistics Education Research Journal, 18(1), 46–62. https://iase-web.org/documents/SERJ/SERJ18(1)_Crooks.pdf
Reviews the common misconceptions about confidence intervals, such as that 95% confidence means that 95% of replications would call in the CI, or that the CI is the range of the samples. Constructs an assessment from prior research and textbook questions and asked 21 undergrads and 19 grad students, all in psychology, to take it; half the participants completed the assessment in a think-aloud interview and half did it on paper. (The assessment questions were revised by asking pilot participants for feedback, not through interviews.) Found overall low performance; graduate students were more likely to hold the replication misconception, and half of all participants treated the CI as fixed with a random parameter possibly falling within it. I'm worried by the small sample size and population (students in specific classes at one institution) and would be interested to see this replicated with questions revised via think-alouds.
Cooper, L. L., & Shore, F. S. (2008). Students' misconceptions in interpreting center and variability of data represented via histograms and stem-and-leaf plots. Journal of Statistics Education, 16(2). https://ww2.amstat.org/publications/jse/V16n2/cooper.pdf
A few questions and interviews about histograms and stem-and-leaf plots; they note (though the question was not directly designed to catch this misconception, and the interpretation is based on a small set of interviews)
The more troubling finding is that 50% of the students judged variability by focusing on the varying heights of the bars, implying variability in frequencies, rather than data values.
Many also "incorrectly interpreted the median to be the middle of the horizontal axis" on a histogram.
Kaplan, J. J., Gabrosek, J. G., Curtiss, P., & Malone, C. (2014). Investigating student understanding of histograms. Journal of Statistics Education, 22(4). http://www.amstat.org/publications/jse/v22n2/kaplan.pdf
Notes four misconceptions previously observed:
Students do not understand the distinction between a bar chart and a histogram, and why this distinction is important.
Students use the frequency (y-axis) instead of the data values (x-axis) when reporting on the center of the distribution and the modal group of values.
Students believe that a flatter histogram equates to less variability in the data.
For data that has an implied (though unobserved) time component, students read the histogram as a time plot believing (incorrectly) that values on the left side of the graph took place earlier in time.
Reports on a pre/post test used to test these misconceptions in a college intro course, finding that these misconceptions are highly persistent through the course: "nearly 25% of the students still chose a bumpier histogram as having high variability at the post-test", after 50% did on the pre-test.
Cooper, L. L. (2018). Assessing students' understanding of variability in graphical representations that share the common attribute of bars. Journal of Statistics Education, 26(2), 110–124. doi:10.1080/10691898.2018.1473060
More misunderstanding of variability in bar charts and histograms, in a pre-test given to students before they learn formal measures of variation. Also explores variation in categorical data: in a bar chart of categorical data, high variation means bars of relatively equal height, indicating individual cases are least alike. Students correctly note this, but attempt to apply the same reasoning to histograms and to value bar charts (e.g. a bar chart of rainfall by month, which could just as well be a line graph). Advocates for a formal definition of variability in categorical data, the "coefficient of unalikeability", and for clearly describing different ideas of variability in class: variation from the mean vs. unalikeability.
Statistical misconceptions by Alex Reinhart is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


Microsoft Corp.'s $300 million investment sent Barnes & Noble Inc.'s stock zooming up $9.15, or 67 percent, to $22.83 in early afternoon trading. The opening price of $26 was a three-year high. Microsoft's stock rose 2 cents to $32.
The two companies are teaming up to create a subsidiary for Barnes & Noble's e-book and college textbook businesses, with Microsoft taking a 17.6 percent stake.
The deal gives Barnes & Noble ammunition to fend off shareholders who have agitated for a sale of the Nook e-book business or the whole company, but the companies said Monday that they are exploring separating the subsidiary, provisionally dubbed "Newco," entirely from Barnes & Noble. That could mean a stock offering, sale or other deal.
The deal also puts to rest concerns that Barnes & Noble doesn't have the capital to compete in the e-book business with market leader Amazon.com Inc. and its Kindle, said analyst David Strasser at Janney Capital.
For Microsoft, the investment means that it will own part of a company that sells tablet computers based on Google Inc.'s Android, one of the main competitors of Windows Phone 7, Microsoft's smartphone software.
There's already a Nook application for Windows PCs, but none for Windows phones.
William Lynch, the CEO of Barnes & Noble, said Nook software will continue to be available on devices like the iPhone that compete with Windows Phone.
He declined to say whether it was Barnes & Noble or Microsoft that initiated the discussions, but he said the talks had been going on since before the beginning of the year.
Barnes & Noble investors have also been concerned about the recent government lawsuit against Apple and some leading publishers over alleged price fixing. When Apple launched its iPad in 2010, Simon & Schuster, Penguin Group (USA) and other publishers switched to an "agency" model that allowed publishers to set prices for e-books, a system many believe helped Barnes & Noble.
Amazon.com had been offering top-selling e-books for $9.99, a cost publishers, agents and writers believed was so low it could drive competitors out of business. Three of the five publishers sued— Simon & Schuster, HarperCollins and the Hachette Book Group — have already agreed to settle, meaning prices for their e-books likely will again drop on Amazon.
Microsoft has a long-standing interest in the e-book field. It launched e-book software in 2000, but was never able to build a substantial library of books. It's discontinuing the software on Aug. 30.
Barnes & Noble, based in New York, currently runs 691 bookstores in 50 states. The companies said that the subsidiary will have an ongoing relationship with Barnes & Noble's retail stores, but what that relationship will be is unclear.
"The whole reason the Nook business is expanding so rapidly is because bookstores are committed to it and know how to market the product in that environment," said Michael Norris, an analyst at Simba information.
The possibility of a separation of Barnes & Noble's digital and college businesses has been brewing.
In January, Barnes & Noble said it was considering options for its Nook business, including possibly spinning it off or expanding overseas, and said it expected the review to be complete by the end of the year.
And in March, private investment firm G Asset Management, a Barnes & Noble shareholder, offered $460 million for a 51 percent stake in the company's college bookstore unit, Barnes & Noble College Booksellers LLC.
Under that plan, the college bookstore unit was proposed to begin as a private business but become public within a "reasonable" amount of time. G Asset's offer was contingent upon Barnes & Noble keeping current management in place and separating its Nook e-business from the rest of the company. At the time the offer was made, Barnes & Noble declined to comment.
In 2009, Barnes & Noble Inc. bought the college bookstore unit from Chairman Leonard Riggio in a deal worth $596 million. The deal ended up costing Barnes & Noble $460 million after accounting for the unit's cash on hand at the closing date.


php_curl, and php_curl_exec is allowed for both master php.ini, and kloxo's php.ini for the domain in question.
resulting in positive response from server informing me curl functionality is correct..
tripple checked username / password for tht.aux in kloxo, and THT configuration making sure they are identical with no additional spacing at the end / begining.
Tripple check package name in THT against resource plan backend name in kloxo making sure no errant spacing is present in beginning or end of package name.
attempted with, and without SSL support, making sure the ports are properly configured in THT, as well as on Kloxo.
This did not result in any errors being reported on screen during the error reproduction process, nor did it result in logged errors in server side php error logs.
I feel it would do more good for all parties involved if THT implemented some sort of error logging on it's side to capture, and record what it sees as an error, so better determination of error resolution can be tracked client-side without the need to request assistance from the developer.
Currently THT's error reporting extends only as far to state a generic " there was an error " with no leading information to help track down the errors source problem. With error logging script side, we could better determine a probable fix without the need of resorting to forum posting.
First of all, thank you for making my life easier and doing every step needed you think you needed to do to try to fix it yourself. I've been getting lots of PMs about the Kloxo script when people forget they accidentally put in a space or whatever.
Now, about your problem. Since these steps were taken into consideration, I would guess the problem would be on THT's end. Was the account created on the server even though it produced an error on THT?
That error message isn't generated by THT so it's difficult to tell exactly where the issue is.
(02-03-2013, 12:18 AM)Kevin Wrote: [ -> ] That error message isn't generated by THT so it's difficult to tell exactly where the issue is.
Oh yeah. I forgot I put that myself. LOL. Sorry.
Have you made sure that the auxiliary login CAN make client accounts?
ok. i thought the error was generated by THT..
I am using the httpd server that is stock with centos / kloxo.
There were some recent changes to kloxo however that were not part of the regular " update " process from the admin panel in kloxo, these changes however had to do with roundcube, and php 5.3 support.
hrm.. seems THT is indeed generating the error.. well.. the kloxo.php plugin is..
Not sure if these changes would have any effect on THT's integration process as i don't see any specific mention of API changes, or changes to kloxo code itself.
It would appear that even though the administration account for Kloxo is a reseller, and has full rights, and privileges on the server, it is not recognized as a reseller by the auxiliary login scheme.
well i have tried alot to solve it but yet i am not able to find its answer but give me sometime.


2011 KX450F Sub-Frame Kit. The kit contains the following parts. If you wish you can purchase parts individually from this website. 2ea LFM812B16 seat, 2ea LFM610G12 number plates, 2ea SHM8-12X21 lower subframe, 2ea T4HFM8-12X30 upper subframe, 1ea DOMHFM812X20 midpipe to subframe, 2ea T4HFM6-10X12 fender rear mount, 2ea LFM610G15 fender lower mount, 2ea LFM610G15 air box, 1ea T4HFM8-12X40 muffler.


text:
New Woking pair will be a hit, says Sullivan
Merstham's assistant manager Mick Sullivan confident Saraiva and Penny will thrive if style is right
Hill giving lower-level players a chance (Image: Grahame Larter)
New signings Fabio Saraiva and Charlie Penny will be big hits for Woking in Vanarama National - as long as the team plays to their strengths.
That is the view of Merstham's assistant manager Mick Sullivan, who has helped nurture the pair during his spell with the Moatsiders alongside boss Hayden Bird , a stickler for total football, a style of play both players have grown accustomed to.
Striker Penny signed a one-year deal on Friday, 24 hours after his mate, the pair having both scored against the Cards in the Surrey Senior Cup this season in one of the competition's upsets.
The double swoop to pluck two players from Step 3 and give them a chance should be applauded and the fact both have come from the same club and have already formed a partnership can only be a good thing as they look to develop two rungs up the ladder.
Fabio Saraiva signs one-year Woking deal
"Any player who moves up two levels you have to say it's fantastic news for them and is a good reflection on Merstham as a club, because we have nurtured them," said Sullivan, former Leatherhead and Walton Casuals manager.
"The first reaction of course is that we are slightly deflated because we've lost two of our most important players but after that feeling has passed, you are just pleased they are going to better themselves which is leaving our club for the right reasons. They are both lovely lads too.
"Hayden's coaching has helped improve them as players and it will be interesting to see how they get on.
"I hope they are not chasing balls too often and that Woking utilise their strengths. I'm sure Garry Hill and Steve Thompson have seen them often enough to know if they do that, and give them the ball to feet, they have two very good players on their hands."
"There is bound to be more physicality in Vanarama National and Sullivan reckoned: "They may get into more physical battles but they won't shirk them. They showed that when we played Woking last season.
"Hayden and I will be the first to check on whether they are getting in the team on a regular basis and, while I hope they are not going there to sit on the bench, I'm sure Woking know they are dealing with two players who aren't established players at that level and they will have to find their feet. I'm confident they will.
'Valuable asset' Joey Jones signs new Woking FC deal
"Fabio was at Merstham for five years and he did have a spell where he went off to Maidstone but it didn't quite work out for him, which is the only doubt I would have. I think that was more to do with Maidstone's style so I'm hoping this time he is going to a club which suits his game.
"Both he and Charlie have good feet, excellent movement, and both have always been ambitious to go further up the pyramid. So I'm pleased for them. It's a good opportunity to show what they can do."
Saraiva in particular is strong on the ball, and is extremely fit, Sullivan adding: "They both like to receive the ball to feet and Fabio especially is happy receiving in a tight space which not everybody is comfortable doing. He's a physical specimen too and looks after himself so I'm sure he will adapt."
Garry Hill


text:
Young and Future Leaders
Identifying and Developing Leaders
Organizations need leaders – and not just in top executive positions. Leaders are people who have the vision to see what needs to be done, and to motivate and energize people to perform excellently.
With strong leadership skills in place at all levels of your organization, you'll find it much easier to build a strong, respected and prosperous business.
However, spotting people with leadership potential is not always easy. To ensure your business's continuing performance, you need to identify these people and nurture their leadership potential – it's a potential that's far too valuable to waste.
to view a transcript of this video.
So, how do certain people show they have what it takes to lead others?
The Right Kind of Potential
It's common to label high achievers as potential leaders. Unfortunately, it's not that simple: if people perform well, that only shows that they're well suited to their jobs.
Let's look at two examples:
Carla, the R&D expert, whose research led to discovering a new gene, is certainly a great scientist. Her co-workers admire the work she does, and it's very likely she'll be promoted because of her technical skills. But she doesn't share her knowledge, and she doesn't help others understand her methods.
Sue in marketing is a good employee whose work is above average but not necessarily extraordinary. However, what does stand out is that she has forged great relationships with people from all parts of the company. Because of this, whenever changes occur, managers count on her to see the benefits and motivate her colleagues to accept them.
Who is the real leader?
Chances are that Sue is a more promising leader than Carla. You won't know this, though, until you look deeply and observe her in action. What's clear from the start is that job performance, by itself, is not a reliable indicator.
To determine key leadership indicators it's important to recall some popular theories of leadership.
Leadership Theories
There are many theories of leadership:...


text:
Early Childhood Mental Health Providers90 Results
Early childhood mental health professionals can work with parents and families to assess and treat trauma, emotional or behavioral concerns of babies, toddlers, and young children.
Alluma
Ada Clinic 201 9th St W, Ada, MN, 56510 (218) 281-3940 https://allumacares.org/services/youth-and-family-services
Alluma - Crookston 603 Bruce St, Crookston, MN, 56716 (218) 281-3940 https://allumacares.org/services/youth-and-family-services
Warren Branch Office 300 W Good Samaritan Dr, Warren, MN, 56762-1412 (218) 281-3940 https://allumacares.org/services/youth-and-family-services
Hallock Branch Clinic 1010 S Birch Ave, Hallock, MN, 56728 (218) 218-3940 https://allumacares.org/services/youth-and-family-services
Fosston Clinic 900 Hilligoss Blvd SE, Fosston, MN, 56542 (218) 281-3940 https://allumacares.org/services/youth-and-family-services
East Grand Forks 1422 Central Ave NE, East Grand Forks, MN, 56721 (218) 281-3940 https://allumacares.org/services/youth-and-family-services
Amherst H. Wilder Foundation
451 Lexington Pkwy N, St. Paul, MN, 55104 (651) 280-2310 https://www.wilder.org/what-we-offer/mental-health-wellness-services/childrens-family-mental-health-services
Canvas Health
Canvas Health - Cottage Grove 8451 E Point Douglas Rd S, Ste 300, Cottage Grove, MN, 55016 (651) 251-5191 https://www.canvashealth.org/counseling/children-and-families/early-childhood-clinical-services
Canvas Health - Bloomington 1701 American Blvd E, Ste 4, Bloomington, MN, 55420 (651) 251-5191 https://www.canvashealth.org/counseling/children-and-families/early-childhood-clinical-services
Canvas Health - Forest Lake 555 W Broadway, Ste 2 & 3, Forest Lake, MN, 55025 (651) 251-5191 https://www.canvashealth.org/counseling/children-and-families/early-childhood-clinical-services
Canvas Health - Stillwater 375 Orleans St E, Stillwater, MN, 55082 (651) 251-5191 https://www.canvashealth.org/counseling/children-and-families/early-childhood-clinical-services
Canvas Health - Oakdale 7066 Stillwater Blvd N, Oakdale, MN, 55128 (651) 251-5191 https://www.canvashealth.org/counseling/children-and-families/early-childhood-clinical-services
Central Minnesota Mental Health Center
1321 13th St N, St. Cloud, MN, 56303-2614 (320) 252-5010 https://cmmhc.org/services/early-intervention
Monticello Campus 407 Washington St, Monticello, MN, 55362-8815 (763) 295-4001 https://cmmhc.org/services/early-intervention
Elk River Campus 253 8th St NW, Ste A, Elk River, MN, 55330-1581 (763) 441-3770 https://cmmhc.org/services/early-intervention
Waite Park Campus 411 3rd St N, Waite Park, MN, 56387-1177 (320) 202-2000 https://cmmhc.org/services/early-intervention
Buffalo Campus 308 12th Ave S, Buffalo, MN, 55313 (763) 682-4400 https://cmmhc.org/services/early-intervention
Children's Mental Health Services
35382 US Highway 2, Grand Rapids, MN, 55744-4754 (218) 327-4886 http://www.cmhsreach.org/services-at-childrens-mental-health
Counseling Services of Southern Minnesota, Inc.
Counseling Services of Southern Minnesota - Mankato Office 226 N Broad St, Mankato, MN, 56001-3520 (507) 931-8040 http://www.counseling-services.org/family-services
Counseling Services of Southern Minnesota - St. Peter Office 1306 Marshall St, St. Peter, MN, 56082-4500 (507) 931-8040 http://www.counseling-services.org/family-services


text:
1972 (Remastered)
1972 (Remastered) The Black Crowes
Album-Release:
HRA-Release:
Label: Silver Arrow Records
Subgenre: Adult Alternative
Artist: The Black Crowes
Album including Album cover
Format Price In Cart Buy
FLAC 96 $ 9.00
1Rocks Off04:31
2The Slider03:48
3You Wear It Well04:52
4Easy to Slip03:28
5Moonage Daydream05:02
6Papa Was a Rollin' Stone05:12
Total Runtime26:53
Info for 1972 (Remastered)
The bands first recording since 2010's Croweology, The Black Crowes celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the incredible year in music, 1972. The band covers 6 songs released in that year by The Temptations, The Rolling Stones, T-Rex, Rod Stewart, Little Feat and David Bowie.
"The year 1972 was a watershed moment, some of the greatest rock 'n' roll songs ever made came out of that year. To get our band back together in the studio, it had to be a celebration of rock 'n' roll," said The Black Crowes' Chris Robinson. "This record is about love and devotion to something that makes us feel good. We hope that it makes fans around the world feel the same."
Chris Robinson, vocals, harmonica
Rich Robinson, guitars, vocals
Sven Pipien, bass, vocals
Additional musicians:
Isaiah Mitchell, guitars
Joel Robinow, keyboards, vocals
Brian Griffin, drums
Mackenzie Adams, backing vocals
Label: American Recordings Catalog P&D
Shake Your Money Maker (30th Anniversary - Remastered)
At the time of their 1990 debut, the kind of rock & roll the Black Crowes specialized in was sorely out of style. Only Guns N' Roses came close to approximating a vintage Stones-style raunch, but they were too angry and jagged to pull it off completely. The Black Crowes, on the other hand, replicated that Stonesy swagger and Faces boogie perfectly. Vocalist Chris Robinson appropriated the sound and style of vintage Rod Stewart, while brother Rich Robinson fused Keith Richards' lean guitar attack with Ron Wood's messy rhythmic sense. At their best, the Black Crowes echoed classic rock without slavishly imitating their influences, and the band's nostalgic sound helped foster a long, popular career.
Shake Your Money MakerThe Robinson brothers originally formed the Black Crowes in Georgia in 1984. By the time the group released its first album with 1990's Shake Your Money Maker, the lineup comprised vocalist Chris Robinson, guitarist Rich Robinson, bassist Johnny Colt, guitarist Jeff Cease, and drummer Steve Gorman. "Jealous Again," the first single from Shake Your Money Maker, was a moderate hit, but it was the band's cover of Otis Redding's "Hard to Handle" that made the Black Crowes a multi-platinum success. "Hard to Handle" climbed its way into the Top 40, propelling the album into the Top Ten along the way. The acoustic ballad "She Talks to Angels" became the band's second Top 40 hit in the spring of 1991, and Shake Your Money Maker eventually sold over three million copies.
The Southern Harmony and Musical CompanionThe Black Crowes delivered their second album, The Southern Harmony and Musical Companion, in the spring of 1992. It entered the charts at number one but lacked strong hits, as none of the singles cracked the Top 40 and only "Remedy" and "Thorn in My Pride" made the Top 100. Nevertheless, the band established itself as a popular concert attraction that summer, selling out theaters across America. During 1992, the band added keyboardist Eddie Harsch as a permanent member. The Black Crowes' third album, Amorica, arrived in late 1994 and debuted in the Top Ten. Even so, none of the singles from the album made a significant dent, and the album slipped from the charts after going gold.
Three Snakes and One CharmThree Snakes and One Charm, the group's fourth album, was released in July 1996. The album quickly slipped out of the Top 50 after making a strong entrance, yet it also received the best reviews of any Crowes album since The Southern Harmony and Musical Companion. Guitarist Marc Ford was fired from the Black Crowes in August 1997, and bassist Johnny Colt left the lineup in order to form the Brand New Immortals. With Rich Robinson handling all guitar parts, the band recorded and released By Your Side before collaborating with one of the world's most celebrated guitarists, Led Zeppelin's Jimmy Page. This partnership was captured by the concert album Live at the Greek, an eclectic mix of newly recorded Zeppelin covers and additional classic blues cuts. Greatest Hits 1990-1999: A Tribute to a Work in Progress, a 16-track best-of compilation, was released several months later in 2000.
LionsDon Was was enlisted to produce the band's new album, 2001's Lions, whose lyrics were influenced by Chris Robinson's highly publicized relationship with actress Kate Hudson. A monthlong summer tour with Oasis -- dubbed "the Tour of Brotherly Love" due to the prevalence of siblings in both bands -- followed in June. All was apparently not well with the group, however, and the band announced its decision to go on hiatus in January 2002. Drummer Steve Gorman was fired, and Chris Robinson began planning a solo career. It was Rich Robinson who was first out of the gate with a solo project, though, releasing Paper in 2004. In 2005, however, the Black Crowes reunited for a show at San Francisco's Fillmore, a concert that was released in both CD and DVD formats as Freak 'N' Roll...Into the Fog in 2006. That year also saw the release of The Lost Crowes, which contained two previously unreleased albums, 1993's Tall (parts of which were heard on Amorica and in other places) and the 1997 never-before-heard Band. Following a series of lineup changes, the retooled band hit the road for a proper tour before setting to work on its first studio effort in seven years. Joined by newcomer Luther Dickinson, guitarist and co-founder of the North Mississippi Allstars, the Black Crowes combined the rootsy appeal of their early work with a newfound political awareness on 2008's Warpaint. A live performance of the album, available as both a DVD and a two-disc CD set titled Warpaint Live, appeared a year later in 2009. Before the Frost/Until the Freeze arrived that same year, marking the band's eighth studio effort and gathering warm reviews.
CroweologyThe Black Crowes continued their prolific streak with 2010's Croweology, a double-disc album that featured new acoustic recordings of the band's past work. The album's release was bittersweet, though, as it coincided with a farewell tour followed by another indefinite hiatus. Rich Robinson released his second solo album, Through a Crooked Sun, in 2011 and his brother Chris released two albums with his new band, the Chris Robinson Brotherhood, in 2012. The Crowes lurched back to life in 2013, announcing a spring tour and releasing the live album Wiser for the Time on vinyl and MP3. This proved to be the last time for the Black Crowes: in January 2015, Rich Robinson announced the band was breaking up. (Stephen Thomas Erlewine, AMG)
This album contains no booklet.
HighRes-Studio Master files are lossless at various sample rates from 44.1 kHz up to 384 kHz or 1-bit (2.8224 MHz) for DSD.
Widely compatible with Network Streaming players and D/A Converter's (DAC).
Supported by Windows with software player from Media Monkey, JRiver, JPLAY).
Supported by Apple OS with software player from Amarra, Audirvana, PureMusic, Songbird.
For users, using Apple/iTunes and a few Network Streaming players
Supported by Apple OS with software player from Amarra, Audirvana, PureMusic).
Note: ALAC only supports up to 96 kHz!
High-End Network-Streaming players and few D/A Converter's (DAC).
Supported by Windows with software player from JRiver, KORG MediaGate.
Supported by Apple OS with software player from Audirvana, PureMusic, JRiver.
An MQA file is backward compatible so will play on any device. If you play MQA on a certified product, with an MQA decoder, the file will playback the original studio-master file.
MQA (Green light) indicates the sound is identical to that of the original source material.
MQA Studio (Blue light) indicates the sound is identical to that of the original source material and has either been approved in the studio by the artist/producer or has been verified by the copyright owner.
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text:
"I Want You" is the first single from Jody Watley's third album Affairs of the Heart. The official music video, directed by Andy Morahan, was featured on an episode of Beverly Hills, 90210.

Charts

References

1991 songs
1991 singles
Dance-pop songs
Jody Watley songs
MCA Records singles
Music videos directed by Andy Morahan
Song recordings produced by André Cymone
Songs written by André Cymone
Songs written by Jody Watley

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
CPBF Submissions
CPBF Books
Campaign for Press and Broadcasting Freedom (CPBF)
for diverse, democratic and accountable media
Media Manifesto
Journalists stress importance of independence and ethics
14 February 2018 By CPBF Leave a Comment
Image (c): TUC Library at London Metropolitan University.
A call from members of the National Union of Journalists in Leeds for the union to raise awareness of the benefits for society of independent and ethical journalism as well as highlighting examples of journalists taking an individual or collective stand in its defence is being marked today.
The suggestion originally came to mark the anniversary of a national strike on August 7, 1985 protesting against an attempt by Leon Brittan, then home secretary in Margaret Thatcher's Conservative government, to prevent the BBC from broadcasting a Real Lives documentary about Northern Ireland.
Journalists and other broadcasting staff at the BBC walked out for 24 hours, supported by colleagues at ITN, across ITV and independent local radio.
The proposal was put to NUJ members at the union's last conference.
Today, the union is calling on anyone who appreciates high-quality, independent, ethical journalism to add their name to a social media campaign – #ingoodcompany.
A video report of the 1885 strike features not only CPBF spokeswoman Lesley Wood but the late media commentator Steve Hewlett, then an independent producer.
After pointing out that the licence fee should be a guarantee of journalistic independence, he says: "The only hope there is for the freedom of broadcasting in the end is proper funding for the industry and strong unions inside it.
"It's the journalists and those who work in the industry, who stand up for the freedom of broadcasting, not the employers, not the governors, not the government even. It's the journalists.
"Only when we're properly organised can we ensure that some sense of press and broadcasting freedom exists."
A spokesman for the NUJ in Leeds said: "Now, advertising changes, global digital platforms distributing the best journalism without paying for it plus continuing political pressure mean society needs quality journalism more than ever to call politicians, governments and power to account.
"In the era of 'fake news', the professionalism of journalists with the resources and skills to check and double-check where 'news' is coming from is vital for everyone. But don't blame the messenger: a politician who says right is left may be wrong but a journalist who reports that the politician has said that got it entirely correct."
The NUJ's campaign day coincides with the TUC's Love Unions week of events.
www.summerhall.tv/2012/bbc-real-lives-dispute/
www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p02gbrkt
www.rte.ie/archives/2015/0806/719600-bbc-strike-over-banned-documentary/
Picture: Late agony aunt Claire Rayner, DJ Mike Smith and a youthful Jeremy Paxman, left, were among those on the picket line outside Television Centre in London on August 7, 1985, when journalists around the country protested against government attempts to prevent the broadcast of a BBC documentary about Northern Ireland. Image (c): TUC Library at London Metropolitan University.
Filed Under: Campaigns, Events
If you like this and would like a more diverse, democratic and accountable media then sign-up to our occasional newsletter using the form below and join CPBF.
The Campaign for Press and Broadcasting Freedom is an independent voice for media reform. We work to promote a diverse, democratic and accountable media.
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If this site has inadvertently breached any third party copyright, please contact us and we shall rectify the mistake.
CPBF has closed down and it is therefore no longer possible to purchase anything in our online shop. Dismiss


What is happening at this church?
This church consists of families from Bellaghy village and its rural hinterland who meet regularly in the church building to confirm and develop their faith in the Lord Jesus Christ. Every week on the Sabbath the Rector or, in his absence, a visiting clergyman or lay-reader conducts a service of praise and thanksgiving to Almighty God.
This service begins with a hymn usually taken from the Church of Ireland hymn-book. The singing is led by the church organist and the church choir. The rector then uses the form of morning service found in the Church of Ireland prayer book wherein he leads the assembled congregation in the public confession of our sins and invites us all to affirm the main tenets of the catholic faith by reciting together the Apostles Creed. We join together in singing and reading aloud one or more of the Psalms of David. Other hymns and carols appropriate to the time of year or current circumstances (harvest, Easter, Christmas, etc.) are sung. Passages of scripture from the Bible, appropriate to the time of year are read.
The highpoint for many is the rector's sermon delivered usually from the pulpit. He takes a Bible passage and develops it into a modern day setting. He will have spent quite some time during the previous week reading and studying the pros and cons of his chosen subject and he will take up to 15 minutes telling us what his thinking is! Whatever the subject, he will have stimulated us to look again at our own strengths and weaknesses and we will leave afterwards full of new confidence to live a better life here on earth in the coming week.
The rector will not try to con us into thinking that merely the doing of good works or the giving of money or property to the church will in any way help to save our souls when we sooner or later have to meet our God and account for our life on earth. He will have told us again and again the biblical fact that Jesus is the way, the truth and the light. No amount of praying to or kissing statues, images or idols will count with God. We have to mature a genuine sure faith in the Trinity of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit to contemplate a new life after this one one on earth is taken from us.
Some of the St. Tidas' church services are Holy Communion services where those that have previously received the 'laying on of hands' by the Bishop of the Diocese can fully partake of the Bread and Wine in solemn memory of Jesus Christ's death and passion.
Other services are often held during the week and at specific festival times during the church year.
Visitors are always made very welcome and can come either by previous arrangement with the Rector, or any parishioner, or by simply turning up at the church when any service is being held.
Make a note of our next service in the church and come along and see us - we would be honoured that you made the effort.


text:
Herbs & BotanicalsRespiratory HealthEyebright
Christopher's Herbal Eye Formula -- 1 fl oz
Shop all Christopher's
Shipping Weight: 0.1764 lb
Quantity limits may apply.
Christopher's Herbal Eye Formula Description
No Added Fillers or Chemicals
A blend of natural foods for the well of the eyes. It may be regularly used to promote general vision health.
As a dietary supplement, take 10-15 drops 3 times a day, or as directed by your health care professional.
Chemicals, added fillers.
Serving Size: 10 Drops
Proprietary Blend
Wildcrafted Bayberry Bark, Organic Eyebright Herb, Wildcrafted Goldenseal Root, wildcrafted Red Raspberry Leaaf, & Cayenne Pepper 40 MHU
Other Ingredients: A base of pure grain alcohol (45-50%) and distilled water.
Contains: Cayenne.
Contains Cayenne. Dilute properly when using as an eyewash. Temporary burning is normal.
How to Protect Your Eyes From the Harmful Effects of the Sun
Summer is the time to splash in the water, bike a great trail or perfect your putt on the golf course. However, the sun poses a danger to your vision that can quickly cloud visions of outdoor fun.
Fail to protect your eyes today, and you'll likely pay for it tomorrow, says Diane Bovenkamp, vice president of scientific affairs for BrightFocus Foundation, a Clarksburg, Maryland-based nonprofit that supports research into medical conditions such as glaucoma and macular degeneration.
"Everyone — especially people who already have eye problems — should protect their eyes from the ultraviolet light found in sunshine," she says.
How the sun damages your eyes
Ultraviolet — or "UV" — light causes sunburn, but it also can damage the eye's surface and internal structures, leading to conditions such as cataracts. Many studies also suggest that this type of light — which is not part of the visible spectrum of light — also contributes to macular degeneration, Bovenkamp says.
"The effects are cumulative," she says. "The more exposed your eyes are to UV rays, the higher the risk of damage to the cornea, retina and lens becomes."
In addition, the thinning of the Earth's ozone layer has reduced its ability to function as a UV filter. "It is now more dangerous than ever to eyes and skin to spend unprotected hours in the sun," Bovenkamp says.
Steps to take that protect your eyes
Fortunately, there are many things you can do to protect your eyes for a lifetime of healthy vision.
"The simplest way to protect against possible retinal light damage is to wear sunglasses and a hat," she says.
When shopping for sunglasses, the American Optometric Association recommends choosing a pair that block 99 to 100 percent of two types of ultraviolet rays -- UVA and UVB – and that screen out 75 to 90 percent of visible light, the shorter-wavelength blue and violet light that can damage your retina.
The AOA also recommends choosing gray lenses, which do not interfere with your ability to see color.
"Large lenses are better than small ones, and wraparound lenses are even better," Bovenkamp says. That's because UV rays can enter the eyeball from the sides, above and below.
"If you aren't sure about the quality of your sunglasses, ask your optometrist or optician to check their protection level," Bovenkamp says.
Regular, colorless prescription lenses also can provide protection against the sun's harmful rays. Again, ask an eye professional for more guidance about such lenses.
"Contact lenses may provide some protection but only to the part of the eye that they actually cover," Bovenkamp says. "So, you should still wear sunglasses."
When selecting a hat, make sure it provides a proper amount of coverage for your eyes. Bovenkamp says the brim should be wide enough to prevent sunlight from creeping in the sides, or reflecting off surfaces like water or snow.
"In addition to lowering your risk of eye diseases, hats can help shield your face and neck, where skin cancers can form," she says.
Protecting your eyes in every circumstance
Remember to protect your eyes in all conditions, not just on sunny days. Clouds don't block ultraviolet light, so wear sunglasses on cloudy or overcast days.
Eye protection is especially important at the beach or in snow, Bovenkamp says.
"Water and sand reflect, and thus increase the intensity of UV rays from 10 to 20 percent," Bovenkamp says. "Snow can reflect up to 80 percent."
If you have children or teens at home, make sure they wear proper eye protection in the sun. Because sun damage is cumulative, it's especially important to avoid the sun's harmful rays from a young age, Bovenkamp says.
While wearing sunglasses and a good hat can help protect your eyesight, they are not sufficient to completely protect your vision.
So, Bovenkamp recommends having a comprehensive dilated eye exam regularly after age 40, or annually if your health professional recommends it.
FLDC8


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Justia › US Law › Case Law › California Case Law › Cal. App. 2d › Volume 44 › Weiskopf v. Smith
Weiskopf v. Smith
[Civ. No. 12309. Second Dist., Div. One. April 24, 1941.]
IRMA WEISKOPF, a Minor, etc., et al., Appellants, v. CLARENCE H. SMITH, Respondent.
Eugene L. Wolver and Louis Miller for Appellants.
Parker & Stanbury, Harry D. Parker, Raymond G. Stanbury and White McGee, Jr., for Respondent.
DESMOND, J., pro tem.
From a judgment entered upon a jury verdict in their favor, in the sum of $100, plaintiffs appeal. They claim that this judgment is contrary to the evidence and insufficiently supported in view of damages proven.
The suit was brought by Irma Weiskopf, a minor eighteen years old, through her father, David W. Weiskopf, as her guardian ad litem, David joining as a plaintiff in his own behalf.
The complaint alleged that, as a result of a collision on March 12, 1938, between her father's car, in which she was riding with her mother as driver, and that of defendant, Irma "suffered certain injuries, both temporary and permanent [44 Cal. App. 2d 439] in nature, was made sick, ill and nervous and sustained grievous pain and suffering, and permanent scars and disfigurement."
[1] The complaint also alleged that as a result of the collision and the injuries which ensued the coplaintiffs had been compelled, and would be compelled, to obtain professional and medical care and attention for the plaintiff, Irma. There was no other allegation of damage suffered by David Weiskopf, but at the trial he testified that damage to his car by reason of the collision amounted to approximately $60. Upon the hearing certain photographs were introduced as exhibits, which have been presented for our inspection. One shows the Weiskopf car with a badly battered right side; another the minor plaintiff, Irma, with a badly scarred right cheek. This photograph was taken by a plastic surgeon, Dr. Lindenberg, one week after the accident. He described the scar as a freshly healing wound when he first saw it--"an irregular 'Z' shaped ragged-looking wound two and one-half inches in length." It appears in the photograph to be in the middle of the patient's cheek. Another wound was described by the physician as "a straight wound two inches long, extending from the right eyebrow toward the middle of the forehead." This scar is much fainter in the photograph than the "Z" shaped scar, and Dr. Lindenberg testified that his prognosis was "that the wounds on the forehead and behind the ear probably will vanish, however, the wound on the cheek, while I believe we will be able to improve it, it will always be more or less marked. That such surgery cannot be resorted to until a year shall have elapsed after the injury, and a year thereafter will elapse before the wounds, as corrected by the operation or operations, will have sufficiently faded so as not to constitute a blemish upon the patient's looks. The 'Z' shaped wound on the cheek has a puffiness at its angles, which puffiness is caused by scar tissue and will probably take two operations to rectify this as only a certain amount of scar tissue can be removed at each operation. I have examined the patient on several occasions and have had the opportunity to observe her attitude toward the wounds and the effect that they have, particularly the 'Z' shaped wound, upon her personality and attitude toward life. She is extremely conscious of the wound and the same has made her nervous and irritable. The same has also made [44 Cal. App. 2d 440] her introspective and she is extremely self-conscious of the scars as a result of the wounds." This testimony was given on October 27 or 28, 1938, more than seven months after the injuries were received, and on further examination the doctor stated his belief "that the maximum reduction by natural causes has now been reached upon the plaintiff, Irma Weiskopf, and that no greater reduction of her scars will be obtained by natural causes in view of the fact that on the 'Z' shaped scar there is a puffiness at the angles of the cut, which will not be removed by nature, since the same is caused by scar tissue that has formed there and that the only way that this puffiness can be reduced is by surgery." On cross-examination Dr. Lindenberg gave his opinion "that with surgery the scars upon the plaintiff, Irma Weiskopf, would be greatly reduced and that such an operation would be successful." He stated that the reasonable value of his services to time of trial was $100; that "the reasonable value of the services which will have to be necessarily rendered in operating upon the 'Z' shaped scar on the cheek would be Two Hundred ($200.00) or Two Hundred Fifty ($250.00) Dollars. That two (2) operations would be required, and that hospitalization would be necessary for two or three days at the time of each operation. That the reasonable costs of such hospitalization would be Five ($5.00) Dollars to Seven ($7.00) Dollars a day."
Having considered the principles involved in this appeal, in the light of authorities furnished by opposing counsel, and having reviewed the evidence brought up by the bill of exceptions, we find that the present case presents facts, conditions and circumstances very similar to those appearing in Bencich v. Market St. Ry. Co., 20 Cal. App. 2d 518 [67 PaCal.2d 398]. Under the reasoning of that case we believe the appeal has merit.
The judgment therefore is reversed and the cause remanded for a new trial.
Doran, Acting P. J., and White, J., concurred.


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Julian Assange's Extradition Process Is 'A Charade'
Filmmaker John Pilger attended Julian Assange's last court hearing and observed not only that Assange is visibly suffering from prison mistreatment, but his defense is not being given a fair chance to make its case against his extradition to the US.
GREG WILPERT: Welcome to The Real News Network. I'm Greg Wilpert in Arlington, Virginia.
Julian Assange recently lost a court bid to have his upcoming February 2020 extradition hearing postponed. The hearing about the postponement took place on October 21, and according to observers who were present, he could barely speak in coherent sentences. Reacting to the hearing, UN Human Rights Rapporteur Nils Melzer warned last Friday that Assange continues to show symptoms of psychological torture. Melzer had visited Assange in May when he conducted an extensive review of his physical and psychological condition. In his statement on Friday, Melzer said, "Despite the medical urgency of my first appeal, and the seriousness of the alleged violations, the U.K. has not undertaken any measures of investigation, prevention, and redress required under international law."
In addition to the concerns about Assange's treatment at Belmarsh Prison outside of London, many have also raised concerns about the impartiality of the proceedings against him. Assange was jailed last April when the Ecuadorian Embassy, where he had been given political asylum, allowed the police to arrest him. He then received a 50-week sentence for having skipped jail in 2012. The Trump Administration has since then requested Assange's extradition on 17 charges of espionage for which he could receive a 170-year prison sentence in the United States.
Joining me now to discuss the latest developments in the case of Julian Assange is John Pilger. He has been observing the Assange case very closely and was present at the October 21 court hearing. He is an award-winning journalist and documentary filmmaker. His most recent film is The Coming War on China. Thanks for joining us again, John.
JOHN PILGER: Very welcome.
GREG WILPERT: Let's start with Assange's condition. As I said, you were there at the last hearing. What was your perception of his condition, and how he presented himself?
JOHN PILGER: Well, I was at the last hearing, and I saw Julian about a week before that, so I've seen him up close on a number of occasions recently. I think I can agree with Nils Melzer's assessment. It's very difficult to tell. His physical condition has changed dramatically. He's lost about 15 kilos in weight. To see him in court struggling to say his name, and his date of birth, was really very moving. I've seen that when I visited Julian in Belmarsh Prison where he struggles at first, and then collects himself. I'm always impressed by the sheer resilience of the man, because as Melzer says, absolutely nothing has been done to change the conditions imposed on him by the prison regime. Nothing has been done by the British authorities.
This was almost underlined by the contemptuous way that this court hearing recently was conducted by this judge, by this magistrate. There was a sense among all of us who were there that the whole charade, and it seemed a charade, was preordained. You had sitting in front of us, on a long table, four Americans who were from the U.S. Embassy here in London, and one of the prosecution team was scurrying backwards and forwards to get instructions from them. The judge could see this, and she allowed it. It was just absolutely outrageous.
When Julian did try to speak, and to say that basically he was being denied the very tools with which to prepare his case, he was denied the right to call his American lawyer. He was denied the right to have any kind of word process or laptop. He was denied certain documents. As he said, "I'm even denied my own writings," as he called it. That is, his own notes and manuscripts. This hasn't changed at all, and of course the effect of that on his morale, to say the least, has been very significant, and that showed in the court.
GREG WILPERT: Yeah. I want to dig a little bit deeper on that issue about the fairness of this trial. Craig Murray who is a blogger, and was also at the last hearing, wrote about a number of issues, which you also mentioned. He specifically mentions district judge, Vanessa Baraitser, and one of the things that she did was completely dismiss Assange's request for determination whether the extradition proceedings are even legal. That is, he cites according to U.K. law, "Extradition shall not be granted if the offense for which extradition is requested is a political offense." Now, what do you think of this issue? Is Assange's offense political, and what do you say about the judge's reaction to that request?
JOHN PILGER: I know his lawyer Gareth Peirce very well, and she's not a person to really be angered as such. But I saw her before and after the hearing, and she was quite angry about the fact as she said, "Here we have an extradition hearing, based on a treaty between the United States and Britain, and there is a section in that treaty that said," as you've just mentioned, "No one can be extradited if the," and I paraphrase, if the so-called offense is in any way political. Well under law, it's not a matter of opinion. They are political. All but one of the charges concocted in Virginia are based on the 1917 Espionage Act, which was a political piece of legislation used to chase off the conscientious objectors during the first World War.
It's political. There is no charge. There is no basis, no foundation, for allowing these extradition proceedings to go forward, and almost perversely the judge seemed to, if not acknowledged that in her contempt for the proceedings. Whenever Julian Assange spoke, she feigned a disinterest, a boredom, and whenever his lawyers spoke, the same thing. Whenever the prosecutor spoke, she was attentive. The theatrics of this hearing were quite remarkable. I've never seen anything like it. Then very hurriedly, when Julian Assange's lawyer requested a delay in when the case actually starts from February, they said, "We're not going to be ready in February," and she dismissed that out of hand.
Not only that, she said that the extradition case would be held in a court that is in fact adjoining Belmarsh prison. It's almost part of the prison. It's a long way out of London. So you have, if not a secret trial, but a trial in which, or an extradition hearing in which very few seats are available to the public. It's a very difficult place to get to. So every obstacle has been put in the way of Assange getting a fair hearing. And I can only repeat, this is a publisher and a journalist convicted of nothing, charged with nothing in Britain, whose only crime is journalism. That may sound like a slogan, but it's true. They want him for exposing the kind of outrageous war crimes, Iraq, Afghanistan, that journalists are supposed to do.
GREG WILPERT: Right. Finally, I want to ask you also about the support that Assange seems to have been getting or not getting. It seems that the media organizations that benefited tremendously from Assange's work, are hardly mentioning his case, let alone supporting him. Also, human rights groups such as Amnesty International have urged the U.K. not to extradite Julian, but they haven't elevated the case. I just looked it up. They haven't elevated it to the status of a campaign as they do for political prisoners normally. How do you explain this lack of concern among the media and human rights groups for Assange's situation?
JOHN PILGER: Because so many human rights groups are deeply political, Amnesty International never made Chelsea Manning a prisoner of conscience. A really disgraceful thing. Chelsea Manning, who was effectively tortured in prison, and they haven't, as you say, they haven't elevated Julian's case. Why? Well, they're an extension. They're an extension of an establishment that is now almost systematically coming down on any form of real dissent. In the last five, six years, the last gaps, the last bolt holes, the last spaces in the mainstream media for journalists, from average journalists for the likes Assange, not only Assange, for the likes of people like even myself and others, have closed.
The mainstream media, certainly in Britain, always held open those spaces. They've closed, and there is generally I would think a fear, right throughout the media, a fear about opposing the state on something like the Assange case. You see the way the whole obsession with Russia has consumed the media with so many nonsensical stories. The hostility, the animosity towards Julian. My own theory is that his work shamed so many journalists. He does what journalists ought to have done, and don't do any more. He's done the job of a journalist. That can only explain it. I mean when you take a newspaper like The Guardian, which published originally the WikiLeaks revelations about Iraq and Afghanistan, they turned on Julian Assange in the most vicious way.
They exploited him for one thing. A number of their journalists did extremely well with their books, and Hollywood scripts, and so on, but they turned on him personally. It was one of the most unedifying sights I think I've ever seen in journalism. The same thing happened in the New York Times. Again, I can only surmise the reason for that. It's that he shames them. We have a desert of journalism at the moment. There are a few who still do their jobs; who still stand up against establishment power; who still are not frightened. But there're so few now, and Julian Assange is totally fearless in that. He knew that he was going to run into a great deal of trouble with the state in Britain, the state in the United States–but he went ahead anyway. That's a true journalist.
GREG WILPERT: Well, we're going to have to leave it there for now, but of course we're going to continue to follow his case as we have been since the beginning. I was speaking to John Pilger, award-winning journalist and documentary filmmaker. Thanks again, John, for having joined us today.
JOHN PILGER: Very welcome, Greg.
GREG WILPERT: Thank you for joining The Real News Network.
John Pilger was born and grew up in Bondi, Sydney, Australia. He launched his first newspaper at Sydney High School and later completed a four year cadetship with Australian Consolidated Press. "It was one of the strictest language courses I know," he says. "Devised by a celebrated, literate editor, Brian Penton, the aim was economy…
Gregory Wilpert
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We're going to have some fun in this series of posts! This week I'm taking a close look at two novelty yarns by Red Heart – Loop-it and Pomp-a-doodle. Even their names sound fun!
Loop-it's intended use is for finger knitting, and it does this job very well, teaching big or little fingers to use fine motor skills to draw loops through other loops to make something with their own hands.
I sampled Loop-it in the Ice Ice Cream colorway. I love that it has a hint of color in its whiteness!
Loop-it is a chenille yarn that is anchored at intervals to form loops. It comes in 16 colors, 7 of which have colorways, with several colors per ball. American knitting instructor Marly Bird has prepared several how-to videos on her YouTube channel, see a video on how to Loop-it in garter stitch at the end of this post. The Red Heart site also has free patterns for a hat, a scarf, a cowl, and a pillow cover.
Loop-it looks like this – a series of chenille loops. Near the right of the photo I have formed the first stitch, by linking a loop from the ball through the first "stitch" loop of my "cast on." The yarn is about the size of a fuzzy black-and-brown caterpillar.
To work Loop-it, leave a length of yarn the width of the desired project. Fold the yarn at this point, and beginning at the fold, draw the loop from after the fold through the loop before the fold. In the photo above, the loops to the left of the linked stitches are the base loops, and the yarn from the ball goes off the photo on the right.
Work cross the foundation loops, drawing the next loop from the ball of yarn through the next loop of the foundation. All of this is done using nothing but your fingers, and the fuzziness of the chenille keeps the new loops in place.
I quickly realized that one can create garter or stockinette fabric, and even ribbing, with Loop-it. Garter stitch doesn't look like garter stitch as most knitters know it – it looks a little "flat" and stretched out, but you can still see the "ridges." I attribute the flatness to the fact that the loops have to be drawn up more than regular knitting would.
Garter stitch made with Loop-it. Note the purple stitch marker in the photo. This is the only drawback I found with Loop-it – you have to pay attention that you don't miss a loop.
To make garter stitch, work to the end of the row, then turn the work over. This brings the working yarn back to the same starting place as the previous row. Lay the loops across, and draw each loop up from underneath, as for the previous row.
The only drawback I encountered with this finger knitting is that you have to be careful not to miss a loop, because they aren't organized on a knitting needle.
To make a stockinette stitch ground, begin the first row as for garter stitch, but at the end of the row, leave the work right side up. Lay the working yarn back across the top of the work, and work back in the opposite direction.
The scale of the stitches makes the "V" of each stockinette stitch in this sample clearly visible. The orange stitch marker is just there to hold my last cast off stitch in place.
By going through this exercise in finger knitting, I realized that Loop-it is perfect for teaching the most basic principles of knitting. It is PERFECT for teaching children to knit! It would also be useful for occupational therapists to improve their patients' fine motor skills, and it could be used in activation programs for the elderly. The size of the yarn makes it easy for little fingers or arthritic hands to manage, the scale of the fabric makes it easy to see and talk about what is happening, and the concepts of cast on and cast off don't have to be introduced right away, so the initial concepts become second nature before newer ones are introduced. Plus, Loop-it is affordable!
In my next post, I'll take some large knitting needles, and show the next step to create the next generation of knitters by using Loop-it.


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Position : Vice-Chairperson, Associate Professor, Postcolonial Literature
S.Karayanni@euc.ac.cy
Dr. Karayanni pursued English studies in Canada on a Commonwealth scholarship. His research interests include postcolonial theory, culture, gender and sexuality, and contemporary Cyprus literature. Oriental dance has been the main focus of his intellectual interest and research. His book Dancing Fear and Desire: Race, Sexuality and Imperial Politics in Middle Eastern Dance (Wilfrid Laurier UP 2004, reprinted 2005 and 2006) reveals the intricate ways in which the present tradition of this controversial dance has been shaped by Eurocentric models that define and control identity performance. Karayanni has broken new ground for this controversial dance by incorporating it in his presentation of academic papers at international conferences, thus assisting its entry into cultural and critical debates. In 2006, Dancing Fear and Desire has won the European Society for the Study of English (ESSE) book award in Cultural Studies. Since 2007 he has been the managing editor of Cadences: A Journal of Literature and the Arts in Cyprus. He teaches English Literature and Cultural Theory in the School of Social Sciences and Humanities.
Ph.D English (Postcolonial Literature), University of Calgary, Canada
MA English, Dalhousie University, Canada
BA Honours, English, Trent University, Canada
Sexual Interactions: The Social Construction of Atypical Sexual Variations and Settings. Co-authored with Andreas G. Philaretou and Constantinos N. Phellas. Boca Raton: Universal Publishers, 2006.
Dancing Fear and Desire: Race, Sexuality and Imperial Politics in Middle Eastern Dance. Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 2004 (Reprinted 2005, 2007, 2010).
Articles (refereed)
"Towards an Epistemology of Longing: Gender Disruptions and Resistance in Cyprus Narratives of Displacement." Kunapipi: Journal of Postcolonial Writing, Vol XXXIII: 1-2, 231-244. April 2012.
"'My Body is a Crossroad of Sorts': Performance, Postcoloniality, and the Body in Belly Dance—A Conversation with Stavros Stavrou Karayanni and Andrea Deagon." Belghiti Rachid, Stavros Karayanni, Andrea Deagon. Journal of Commonwealth and Postcolonial Studies, Vol. 17:1, 3-19. 2011.
"One November Night" (creative piece) 91st Meridian International Writing Program, The University of Iowa. Special Issue: Excerpta Cypria edited by Stephanos Stephanides, Volume 6.3, Summer 2009.
"Sacred Embodiment: Fertility Ritual, Mother Goddess, and Cultures of Belly Dance," Religion and the Arts, Vol. 13 (2009). 448–463.
"Moving Identity: Dance in the Negotiation of Sexuality and Ethnicity in Cyprus," Postcolonial Studies Journal , 9:3. 251-266.
"Situations – Cyprus After History: A dialogue with Spurgeon Thomson and Myria Vassiliadou," Interventions: International Journal of Postcolonial Studies, 6.2 (June 2004): 282-299.
"On the Subject of Cypriot Men…" Harrington Gay Men's Fiction Quarterly 4:3 (January 2003). 81-88.
Chapters in Books (refereed)
"Migrant Goddess: Displacement, Gender and Transformation in Literature from Cyprus." On The Move: The Journey of Refugees in New Literatures in English. Eds Geetha Ganapathy- Doré and Helga Ramsay-Kurz. Newcastle Upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2012.
"?? ??t?e? t?? ?f??d?t??: ??????sµ??, ???e??p?a ?a? Se???a???? ?a?t?t?ta st?? ??p??a?? ??µ???at?a." Se???a????? ?????ep?d??se??: ? ????????? ??µ?s? t?? ?t?p?? Se???a????? S?µpe??f????. ???sta?t???? Fe????, A?d??a? F??a??t??, Sta???? ?a?a??????. ????a: ???t???, 2010.
"Native Motion and Imperial Emotion: Male Performers of the Orient and the Politics of the Imperial Gaze," The Male Dancer. Ed. Jennifer Fisher and Anthony Shay. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2009.
"Dismissing Veiled Desire: Kuchuk Hanem and Imperial Masculinity," Belly Dance: Orientalism, Transnationalism, and Harem Fantasy. Ed. Anthony Shay and Barbara Sellers Young. Costa Mesa: Mazda Publishers Inc., 2005.
"Performing Gender, Class and Nation: The Tsifteteli and the Politics of Hellenic Dance." Dance as Intangible Heritage: Proceedings of the 16th International Congress on Dance Research. Ed. Alkis Raftis. Athens: International Organization of Folk Art, 2002. 75-84.]
"Modern Belly Dance." Routledge Encyclopedia of Modernism, General Editor: Stephen Ross (forthcoming).
"Arts: Performers and Performing Groups: Egypt and Turkey (including Ottoman)," Encyclopedia of Women and Islamic Cultures, Volume V: Practices, Interpretations and Representations. Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers, 68-71.