.NET Controls - Build complete experiences in Visual Studio with fast, flexible .NET UI controls for mobile, web, and desktop. Add touch support to your desktop apps and keep your UI current with Microsoft UI & Office themes.
Scientific Graph - Pass large amounts of data into the graph and easily view the information in smaller/clearer increments via zooming or dialog adjustments. Zooming can be invoked by left-button dragging a zoom box.
Document Image Processing - Includes document imaging filters to repair and enhance the quality of digital documents. Filters can be used for page color detection, to deskew images, remove lines and hole punches, clean up noise and more.
A comprehensive suite of Internet components. Any protocol, any platform, any IDE.
Bluetooth Low Energy Components - A suite of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) components that provide straightforward access to BLE operations. The IP*Works! BLE components provide simple service discovery and access to BLE-enabled devices.
Create Microsoft Office and Microsoft Visual Studio-like applications.
Ribbon Control - The Ribbon control replaces traditional toolbars and menus with tabbed groups (known as categories). Each tab is logically split into panels and each panel may contain various controls or command buttons.
Visual Studio Integration - ComponentOne Studio offers seamless integration with Visual Studio. Controls automatically appear in your Toolbox, and support for IntelliSense and the latest Microsoft frameworks will boost your productivity.
Add secure Internet connectivity to your desktop and web apps.
Comprehensive, fully customizable menus and toolbars.
Microsoft first introduced the term ActiveX in 1996 when they launched a downloadable user interface control or software component that could be used by Internet Explorer to give more interactive or active content on a Web page to the reader. ActiveX controls were a re-branded subset of OLE custom controls (OCX) or OLE controls (OCXes) that were streamlined for downloading over the Internet and that could be digitally signed for security and authentication reasons. These ActiveX downloads were also tagged or marked as being safe for scripting and safe for initialization, to help give users confidence in using them in ActiveX Internet apps, as they were less likely to start making unauthorized actions on their systems. ActiveX controls also supported threading models, such as Apartment Model Threading, to try and improve performance in a multi-user or multi-process environment.
OLE controls (OCX's) or Object Linking and Embedding controls were themselves the successor to VBX controls first introduced by Microsoft to help programmers extend the functionality and features of their Visual Basic program by buying and reusing a VBX control built by another programmer or company, with expertise in a specific area. VBXes were limited to 16 bit usage for example on Windows 3.x, OCXes were available for both 16 bit or 32 bit architectures and began being widely used as people adopted Windows 95, although most people tended to use VBXes on 16-bit systems and OCX controls or OLE components on 32-bit systems for performance reasons. OLE itself was based on earlier work by Microsoft in their Office products to allow data to be exchanged and reused as objects inside other documents or files, such as embedding an Excel spreadsheet in a Word document and updating the content of that Excel spreadsheet for display using Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE). Hence the term OLE document, that is still in use today.
OLE was part of the Microsoft COM or Component Object Model, that enabled programmers to reuse software components and services in a logical and object oriented manner. COM was extended and expanded over the years to include DCOM, the Distributed Component Object Model that allowed programmers to call OLE objects or COM objects situated on other computers or servers. COM+ was added to support transaction services using technologies such as Microsoft Transaction Server (MTS) and this first appeared when Windows 2000 was launched to better support distributed transactions in more complex applications, where higher performance and throughput was required. COM has gradually become a common term used to refer to: COM, DCOM, COM+, OLE and ActiveX technologies in general.
ActiveX components can be created in a variety of object oriented programming languages, but are most commonly created using C++ and the Microsoft Foundation Class (MFC), such as: MFC 4.0, MFC 4.2 and MFC 6.0. When VB 5 was released in became possible for a Visual Basic programmer to create an ActiveX component for reuse by other people and whilst most programmers claim that the best ActiveX components were written in Visual C++ or by utilizing the ActiveX Template Library, it did not stop some entrepreneurial developers from Janus Systems writing one of the bestselling ActiveX UI controls of all time in VB5 and VB6, called Janus GridEx, a VB6 ActiveX, that gives the look and feel of the Microsoft Outlook UI inside your app.
ActiveX components and ActiveX controls come with a variety of file extensions such as: .exe, .dll and .ocx and these denote a certain type of usage either in-process as part of your program or app (an ActiveX DLL), or out-of-process as a standalone executable (an ActiveX Exe), as an ActiveX control or OCX control mainly used as a UI control on a form or page. Downloadable ActiveX controls are also packaged as .cab files or Cabinet files. These CAB files are packages of files compressed to take up less space and hence can be downloaded more efficiently over the Internet.
In this ActiveX Component gallery you will find a variety of commercial products that are ActiveX objects or ActiveX controls that people sometime refer to as VB controls or as a VB object, as they are often used within Visual Basic. You will find ActiveX Windows components that allow you to carry out visuals tasks, such as an ActiveX UI control for displaying video or images, an ActiveX image control or a non-Visual ActiveX upload component that will allow you to push a file up onto a server over the Internet using HTTP or FTP protocols.


Become a member of our team-a team that is changing medicine and changing lives!
The University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics (UIHC) has an opening for an Pharmacy Clinical Manager. This position will serve as a member of the Pharmacy management team. This position will provide leadership and will supervise clinical activities of adult inpatient areas, which may include cardiology, critical care, oncology, internal medicine and emergency medicine. Position will be responsible for development of new programs, performance improvement and other management activities in collaboration with other departments. This position will report to the Director of Acute Care Pharmacy Services.
UIHC provides excellent flexible benefit options, an exceptional retirement plan, tuition reimbursement and generous vacation. Iowa City is a community of approximately 75,000 located in Iowa. It provides the cultural and social benefits of a large university while retaining the benefits of a small urban area with excellent schools and a wide variety of community activities.
A successful applicant for this position will have a BS in Pharmacy or Doctor of Pharmacy degree, current license or eligibility to be licensed as Pharmacist by the Iowa Board of Pharmacy, Completion of an ASPH-accredited PGY1/PGY2 Health-System Administration Residency or minimum of five (5) years of experience working in a complex clinical pharmacy environment. Excellent interpersonal, written and verbal communication skills are required, strong interest in inpatient care operations, ability and willingness to act as a preceptor. Job-related experience with and/or commitment to service excellence is required. Job-related experience with and/or commitment to diversity in the work environment is required. Job related experience in the inpatient care setting is desirable, Master of Science in Pharmacy or healthcare/management related advanced degrees such as MHA, MPH or MBA is desirable, experience with automation/technology, human resources management, project management & EPIC electronic health record is highly desirable, Board of Pharmacy Specialties is highly desirable.


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New hire Tirico to take part in NBC Olympic coverage in Rio
Bradford returns to Eagles, says he's committed to team
John Terry is renting out Stamford Bridge for one last match at the Chelsea stadium
John Terry is leaving Chelsea after the season so he knew his days at Stamford Bridge were coming to an end. But he didn't think they would be over already. They are, thanks to a red card in last weekend's match that comes with a two-match suspension, taking him through the end of the season and ruining his chances at a farewell.
Unsurprisingly, Terry couldn't take that.
So instead, Terry is going to rent out Stamford Bridge the day after Chelsea's final match of the season for a game with his closest friends. Chelsea are doing him a solid and renting it out to him for free, too, including access to the dressing rooms, dugouts, referees, video screens, PA system and even a BBQ.
This is a man who was suspended for the Champions League final and when Chelsea won put on a full kit for the trophy ceremony. So of course he's going to make sure he gets one more match at Stamford Bridge and you can bet he will be in a full kit for it.
MORE FROM FOX SOCCER

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: How to recursively Print data from template data Map Object in Freemarker? We have a requirement where we need to pass object of type Map<String,List> to freemarker template. Here the issue is the Object inside a list can be a List, a Map or custom object or just a simple string. List and Map type can be further nested.something like below.
Map<String,Object> templateData = new HashMap<>();
templateData.put("complexKey","ABC");
        //or
templateData.put("complexKey",new List<String>());
       //or
templateData.put("complexKey",new List<Map<String,List<String>>>());

I need to find a way to identify the type of Object and apply some recursive solution until I find the suitable object to print.
I need to know if there is a way we can achieve this in free marker directly or through providing custom implementation of any class/interface from freemarker or through some configuration changes.

A: I really don't know anything about freemarker, but if you can get your hooks into it to process via straight Java you can try this:
package com.jdluke.treewalker;

import java.util.*;
import java.util.function.Consumer;

public class TreeWalker {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Map<String, Object> mainMap = new HashMap();
        mainMap.put("stringNode", "This is just a String");
        mainMap.put("listNode", Arrays.asList("one", "two"));
        Map mapNode1 = new HashMap();
        Map mapNode2 = new HashMap();
        Map mapNode3 = new HashMap();
        mapNode1.put("mapnode1.1", "first element");
        mapNode1.put("mapnode1.2", "second element");
        mapNode2.put("mapnode2.1", Arrays.asList("three", "four"));
        mapNode3.put("mapnode3.1", "map node 3, element 1");
        mapNode3.put("mapnode3.2", "map node 3, element 2");
        mainMap.put("listNode2", Arrays.asList(mapNode1, mapNode2));
        mainMap.put("mapNode", mapNode3);
        int count = 0;
        walk(mainMap, (node) -> System.out.println("Visiting " + node.toString()));
    }

    public static void walk(Map node, Consumer lambda) {
        System.out.println("Map object: " + node);
        node.forEach((k, v) -> handleNode(v, lambda));
    }

    public static void walk(Collection node, Consumer lambda) {
        System.out.println("Iterable object: " + node);
        node.forEach(v -> handleNode(v, lambda));
    }

    public static void walk(Object catchall, Consumer lambda) {
        System.out.println("Catchall object: " + catchall);
        lambda.accept(catchall);
    }

    private static void handleNode(Object v, Consumer lambda) {
        System.out.println("Handling object of type" + v.getClass().toString());
        lambda.accept(v);
        if (v instanceof Collection) {
            walk((Collection) v, lambda);
        } else if (v instanceof Map) {
            walk((Map) v, lambda);
        } else {
            walk(v, lambda);
        }
    }
}

What's happening here is that the various overloaded 'walk' methods have their own ways of dealing with their current location in the mixed tree.  The lambda (which can gather stats, print stuff, or whatever) is applied to all nodes.  This could be enhanced if necessary by having both a pre- and a post- processing Consumer for each node.
Since we lose cast information when we 'handle' an object we need to sort of reinject that in handleNode.  I was hoping for something cleaner but may need more coffee.

A: Looks doable inside the template based on what I see.
Recursion is supported for FreeMarker macros and functions.
To check the type of a value you can use value?is_sequence (for List), value?is_hash_ex (for Map), and ?is_string (for String). (Actually this depends on the ObjectWrapper set inside the Configuration, but on almost all real world configuration this will work.)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Early Activation of Apoptosis and Caspase-independent Cell Death Plays an Important Role in Mediating the Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of WP 631 in Ovarian Cancer Cells
Gajek, Arkadiusz (Department of Thermobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz) ;
Denel-Bobrowska, Marta (Department of Thermobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz) ;
Rogalska, Aneta (Department of Thermobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz) ;
Bukowska, Barbara (Department of Thermobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz) ;
Maszewski, Janusz (Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz) ;
Marczak, Agnieszka (Department of Thermobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz)
The purpose of this study was to provide a detailed explanation of the mechanism of bisanthracycline, WP 631 in comparison to doxorubicin (DOX), a first generation anthracycline, currently the most widely used pharmaceutical in clinical oncology. Experiments were performed in SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells which are otherwise resistant to standard drugs such as cis-platinum and adriamycin. As attention was focused on the ability of WP 631 to induce apoptosis, this was examined using a double staining method with Annexin V and propidium iodide probes, with measurement of the level of intracellular calcium ions and cytosolic cytochrome c. The western blotting technique was performed to confirm PARP cleavage. We also investigated the involvement of caspase activation and DNA degradation (comet assay and immunocytochemical detection of phosphorylated H2AX histones) in the development of apoptotic events. WP 631 demonstrated significantly higher effectiveness as a pro-apoptotic drug than DOX. This was evident in the higher levels of markers of apoptosis, such as the externalization of phosphatidylserine and the elevated level of cytochrome c. An extension of incubation time led to an increase in intracellular calcium levels after treatment with DOX. Lower changes in the calcium content were associated with the influence of WP 631. DOX led to the activation of all tested caspases, 8, 9 and 3, whereas WP 631 only induced an increase in caspase 8 activity after 24h of treatment and consequently led to the cleavage of PARP. The lack of active caspase 3 had no outcome on the single and double-stranded DNA breaks. The obtained results show that WP 631 was considerably more genotoxic towards the investigated cell line than DOX. This effect was especially visible after longer times of incubation. The above detailed studies indicate that WP 631 generates early apoptosis and cell death independent of caspase-3, detected at relatively late time points. The observed differences in the mechanisms of the action of WP631 and DOX suggest that this bisanthracycline can be an effective alternative in ovarian cancer treatment.
WP 631;ovarian cancer cells;anthracyclines;apoptosis;DNA damage;caspases
Supported by : Ministry of Science and High Education (Poland)
Yang F, Teves SS, Kemp CJ, et al (2014). Doxorubicin, DNA torsion, and chromatin dynamics. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1, 84-9.
Zabka A, Trzaskoma P, Maszewski J (2013). Dissimilar effects of ${\beta}$-lapachone- and hydroxyurea-induced DNA replication stress in root meristem cells of Allium cepa. Plant Physiol Biochem, 73, 282-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.10.001
Zhao D, Wu LY, Wang XB, et al (2015). Role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the management of advanced ovarian cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 6, 2369-73.
Rochette L, Guenancia C, Gudjoncik A, et al (2015). Anthracyclines/trastuzumab: new aspects of cardiotoxicity and molecular mechanisms. Trends Pharmacol Sci, 6, 326-48.
Rogalska A, Gajek, Szwed M, et al (2011). The role of reactive oxygen species in WP 631-induced A death of human ovarian cancer cells: a comparison with the effect of doxorubicin. Toxicol In Vitro, 8, 1712-20.
Rogalska A, Szwed M, Jozwiak Z (2010). Aclarubicin-induced apoptosis and necrosis in cells derived from human solid tumours. Mutat Res, 700, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2010.04.013
Shirinbayan V, Roshan VD (2012). Pretreatment effect of running exercise on HSP70 and DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 11, 5849-55.
Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A (2013). Cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin, 63, 11-30. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21166
Sundar S, Neal RD, Kehoe S (2015). Diagnosis of ovarian cancer. BMJ, 1, 351-4443.
Suprasert P, Manopunya M, Cheewakriangkrai C (2014). Outcomes with single agent LIPO-DOX in platinumresistant ovarian and fallopian tube cancers and primary peritoneal adenocarcinoma - Chiang Mai University Hospital experience. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 3, 1145-8.
Surova O, Zhivotovsky B (2013). Various modes of cell death induced by DNA damage. Oncogene, 32, 3789-97. https://doi.org/10.1038/onc.2012.556
Suzuki J, Fujii T, Imao T, et al (2013). Calcium-dependent Phospholipid Scramblase Activity of TMEM16 Protein Family Members. J Biol Chem, 19, 13305-16.
Szwed M, Jozwiak Z (2014). Genotoxic effect of doxorubicintransferrin conjugate on human leukemia cells. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen, 771, 53-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.06.007
Szwed M, Laroche-Clary A, Robert J, et al (2014). Induction of apoptosis by doxorubicin-transferrin conjugate compared to free doxorubicin in the human leukemia cell lines. Chem Biol Interact, 220, 140-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2014.06.013
Treude F, Kappes F, Fahrenkamp D, et al (2014). Caspase-8-mediated PAR-4 cleavage is required for $TNF{\alpha}$-induced apoptosis. Oncotarget, 10, 2988-98.
Verhoven B, Krahling S, Schlegel RA, et al (1999). Regulation of phosphatidylserine exposure and phagocytosis of apoptotic T lymphocytes. Cell Death Differ, 3, 262-70.
Weisthal S, Keinan N, Ben-Hail D, et al (2014). Ca(2+)-mediated regulation of VDAC1 expression levels is associated with cell death induction. Biochim Biophys Acta, 10, 2270-81.
Wojcik T, Buczek E1, Majzner K, et al (2015). Comparative endothelial profiling of doxorubicin and daunorubicin in cultured endothelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro, 3, 512-21.
Xue X, Yu JL, Sun DQ, et al (2014). Curcumin induces apoptosis in SGC-7901 gastric adenocarcinoma cells via regulation of mitochondrial signaling pathways. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 9, 3987-92.
Yamashita A, Morikawa H, Tajima N, et al (2012). Mechanisms Underlying Production And Externalization of Oxidized Phosphatidylserine in Apoptosis: Involvement of Mitochondria. Yonago Acta Med, 1, 11-20.
Joshi M, Sodhi KS, Pandey R, et al (2015). Duxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol, 1, 6-14.
Kim EA, Jang JH, Lee YH, et al (2014). Dioscin induces caspaseindependent apoptosis through activation of apoptosisinducing factor in breast cancer cells. Apoptosis, 7, 1165-75.
Kimani SG, Geng K, Kasikara C, et al (2014). Contribution of Defective PS Recognition and Efferocytosis to Chronic Inflammation and Autoimmunity. Birge Front Immunol, 5, 566.
Kmit A, van Kruchten R, Ousingsawat J, et al (2013). Calciumactivated and apoptotic phospholipid scrambling induced by Ano6 can occur independently of Ano6 ion currents. Cell Death and Disease. Cell Death Dis, 4, 611. https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2013.135
Ko HL, Ren EC (2012). Functional Aspects of PARP1 in DNA repair and transcription. Biomolecules, 2, 524-48. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom2040524
Lee K, Hart MR, Briehl MM, et al (2014). The copper chelator ATN-224 induces caspase-independent cell death in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Int J Oncol, 1, 439-47.
Liu JR, Opipari AW, Tan L, et al (2002). Dysfunctional apoptosome activation in ovarian cancer: implications for chemoresistance. Cancer Res, 3, 924-31.
Marczak A, Denel-Bobrowska M, Lukawska M, et al (2015). Formamidinodoxorubicins are more potent than doxorubicin as apoptosis inducers in human breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res, 4, 1935-40.
Mei L, Hu Q, Peng J, et al (2015). Phospho-histone H2AX is a diagnostic and prognostic marker for epithelial ovarian cancer. Int J Clin Exp Pathol, 5, 5597-602.
Pal S, Ahir M, Sil PC (2012). Doxorubicin-induced neurotoxicity is attenuated by a 43-kD protein from the leaves of Cajanus indicus L. via $NF-{\kappa}B$ and mitochondria dependent pathways. Free Radic Res, 6, 785-98.
Parrish AB, Freel CD, Kornbluth S (2013). Cellular mechanisms controlling caspase activation and function. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol, 5, 8672. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a008672
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Boucher D, Blais V, Denault JB (2012). Caspase-7 uses an exosite to promote poly (ADP ribose) polymerase 1 proteolysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 15, 5669-74.
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Chaopotong P, Therasakvichya S, Leelapatanadit C, et al (2015). Ovarian cancer in children and adolescents: treatment and reproductive outcomes. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 11, 4787-90.
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Gajek A, Denel M, Bukowska B, et al (2014). Pro-apoptotic activity of new analog of anthracyclines-WP 631 in advanced ovarian cancer cell line. Toxicol In Vitro, 2, 273-81.
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Integration of Ca2+ signaling regulates the breast tumor cell response to simvastatin and doxorubicin vol.37, pp.36, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41388-018-0329-6


text:
eLaws | Code of Federal Regulations | United States Code |
US Court of Appeals Cases
B. Fernandez & Hnos. v. Kellogg USA, Inc. , 440 F.3d 541 ( 2006 )
B. FERNÁNDEZ & HNOS., INC.; Caribbean Warehouse Logistics, Inc., Plaintiffs, Appellees,
KELLOGG USA, INC.; ABC Insurance; XYZ Surety; Preferred Insurance; John Doe; Richard Doe, Defendants,
Kellogg Caribbean Services Company, Inc., Movant, Appellant.
B. Fernandez & Hnos., Inc.; Caribbean Warehouse Logistics, Inc., Plaintiffs, Appellees,
Kellogg USA, Inc., Defendant, Appellant,
ABC Insurance; XYZ Surety; Preferred Insurance; John Doe; Richard Doe, Defendants.
No. 05-2187.
United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit.
Heard November 7, 2005.
Decided March 17, 2006.
Ricardo F. Casellas, with whom Fiddler González & Rodríguez, P.S.C., was on brief for appellant, Kellogg Caribbean Services Co., Inc.
Luis A. Oliver, with whom Fiddler González & Rodríguez, P.S.C., were on brief, for appellant and Kellogg USA, Inc.
Alfredo Fernández Martínez, with whom Delgado & Fernández, LLP, Ramón L. Walker Merino and Walker Merino Law Office, were on brief, for appellees, B. Fernandez & Hnos., Inc. and Caribbean Warehouse Logistics, Inc.
Before TORRUELLA, Circuit Judge, JOHN R. GIBSON, Senior Circuit Judge,* and HOWARD, Circuit Judge.
HOWARD, Circuit Judge.
Before us are three interlocutory appeals arising from an action brought by B. Fernandez & Hnos., Inc. (BFH) and Caribbean Warehouse Logistics (CWL) (collectively, appellees) against Kellogg USA, Inc. (Kellogg USA). The appellees accuse Kellogg USA of violating Puerto Rico Law 75, a statute prohibiting a principal from terminating without just cause a distribution agreement with its dealer. P.R. Laws Ann. tit. 10, § 278. Appellees seek an injunction, damages, and declaratory relief. Federal jurisdiction is premised on diversity of citizenship as appellees are Puerto Rico companies and Kellogg USA is a Michigan company. See 28 U.S.C. § 1332.
The first appeal, by nonparty Kellogg Caribbean Services, Inc. (Kellogg Caribbean), a Puerto Rico company, challenges the denial of its motion to intervene under Fed.R.Civ.P. 24(a) and for dismissal under Fed.R.Civ.P. 19(b). Pointing out that it (and not Kellogg USA) is the party to the agreements with appellees, Kellogg Caribbean argues that it is an indispensable party whose intervention must be allowed but would destroy diversity jurisdiction. The district court denied the motion on the ground that Kellogg USA, a company affiliated with Kellogg Caribbean because they share the same corporate parent company, could adequately represent Kellogg Caribbean's interests.
The second and third appeals, by Kellogg USA and Kellogg Caribbean respectively, challenge a preliminary injunction ordering Kellogg USA and its affiliates (which includes Kellogg Caribbean) to specifically perform the agreements with appellees. We do not reach the merits of these appeals because our resolution of the intervention appeal requires that we vacate the preliminary injunction.
We derive the relevant facts primarily from the allegations and evidence submitted by Kellogg Caribbean in support of its motion to intervene but also consider uncontroverted facts established elsewhere in the record. See Southwest Ctr. for Biological Diversity v. Berg, 268 F.3d 810, 819-20 (9th Cir.2001) (stating that "a district court is required to accept as true the nonconclusory allegations made in support of an intervention motion") (collecting cases); 7C Charles Alan Wright, Arthur R. Miller & Mary Kay Kane, Federal Practice & Procedure § 1914, at 418 (2d ed.1986).
BFH, a Puerto Rico company, distributes Kellogg products to Puerto Rico retailers. CWL, also a Puerto Rico company and an affiliate of BFH, provides logistical and warehousing services. Kellogg USA, a Michigan company and subsidiary of nonparty Kellogg Company, manufactures cereal products on the mainland United States for export to certain geographic markets throughout the world. Kellogg Caribbean, a Puerto Rico company, promotes, sells and distributes Kellogg products in Puerto Rico. Like Kellogg USA, Kellogg Caribbean is a subsidiary of Kellogg Company.
In 1992, Kellogg USA signed an agreement to supply Kellogg products to BFH for distribution to Puerto Rico retailers. Sometime thereafter, Kellogg USA assigned its rights and obligations under this agreement to Kellogg Caribbean.1
In October 2004, BFH and Kellogg Caribbean signed an Inventory and Repurchase Agreement under which Kellogg Caribbean would purchase the Kellogg products owned by BFH. The purpose of the repurchase agreement was to permit Kellogg Caribbean to consolidate its warehouse and administrative functions into one facility. Within this agreement, Kellogg Caribbean notified BFH that it had been assigned Kellogg USA's interest in the distribution agreement. The agreement stated that the terms of the initial Kellogg USA-BFH distribution agreement remained in "full force and effect."
After purchasing BFH's inventory, Kellogg Caribbean sold Kellogg products to BFH for distribution to the Puerto Rico market. As part of its consolidation effort, Kellogg Caribbean hired CWL, BFH's affiliate, to manage its warehouse operation. But Kellogg Caribbean and CWL did not sign a written agreement for these services.
In November 2004, Kellogg Caribbean informed BFH that it was exercising a provision in the distribution agreement entitling it to sell Kellogg "Cereal in a Cup" and "Fruit Snacks" products directly to Puerto Rico retailers. BFH would, however, remain the distributor of other Kellogg products.
Displeased, BFH sued Kellogg USA claiming that it had violated Law 75 by permitting "it or its affiliates" to sell "Cereal in a Cup" and "Fruit Snacks" directly to retailers. Five months later, Kellogg Caribbean notified CWL that it was terminating their warehouse services relationship. Shortly thereafter, appellees amended the complaint to add a count by CWL alleging that Kellogg USA "and/or its affiliates" violated Law 75 by terminating the warehouse services agreement. Appellees sought damages, declaratory relief, and a preliminary and permanent injunction.
Five days after appellees filed their amended complaint, Kellogg Caribbean moved "to intervene and to dismiss for lack of an indispensable party." In due course, the district court denied the motion. After an evidentiary hearing, the court entered a preliminary injunction requiring Kellogg USA "and/or its affiliates or subsidiaries" to specifically perform the agreements with appellees pending trial.
As mentioned above, federal jurisdiction is premised on the diversity of citizenship between Kellogg USA (a Michigan company) and BFH and CWL (Puerto Rico companies). But, if Kellogg Caribbean (a Puerto Rico company) is entitled to intervene as a matter of right under Rule 24(a)(2) and is an indispensable party under Rule 19(b), the litigation must be dismissed because there would not be complete diversity. As Professors Wright, Miller and Kane have explained:
A person who should have been joined in the first instance because he is so related to the action that he is regarded as "indispensable" cannot intervene if his joinder will deprive the court of jurisdiction over the subject matter of the action. The action must be dismissed, as Rule 19(b) requires, if the court concludes that he is so related to the action that he is indispensable. For this reason the courts, in considering an application for intervention by one whose joinder would defeat diversity ... will examine his relation to the action and [dismiss the action] if he ... meets the tests of Rule 24(a)(2) and ... was ... an indispensable party to the original action.
7C Wright, Miller & Kane, supra § 1917, at 477-78; see also Travelers Indemnity Co. v. Dingwell, 884 F.2d 629, 636 (1st Cir.1989). We begin by considering whether Kellogg Caribbean meets the requirements of Rule 24(a)(2).
A. Rule 24(a)(2)
We review the denial of a Rule 24(a)(2) motion for abuse of discretion. See Ewers v. Heron, 419 F.3d 1, 2 (1st Cir.2005). But, because Rule 24(a)(2) provides explicit criteria for adjudicating a motion to intervene, the district court's discretion is more circumscribed than in some other contexts. See Cotter v. Mass. Assoc. of Minority Law Enforcement Officers, 219 F.3d 31, 34 (1st Cir.2000). We will reverse if the district court committed a legal error, or if the court reaches a decision patently out-of-step with the purposes of Rule 24(a)(2). See Pub. Serv. Co. of N.H. v. Patch, 136 F.3d 197, 204 (1st Cir.1998).
Rule 24(a)(2) provides in pertinent part:
Upon timely application anyone shall be permitted to intervene in an action ... when the applicant claims an interest relating to the property or transaction which is the subject of the action and the applicant is so situated that the disposition of the action may as a practical matter impair or impede the applicant's ability to protect that interest, unless the applicant's interest is adequately represented by existing parties.
A putative intervenor thus must show that (1) it timely moved to intervene; (2) it has an interest relating to the property or transaction that forms the basis of the ongoing suit; (3) the disposition of the action threatens to create a practical impediment to its ability to protects its interest; and (4) no existing party adequately represents its interests.2 See Patch, 136 F.3d at 204. "The failure to satisfy [all four conditions] dooms intervention." Id.
Because appellees concede that Kellogg Caribbean timely moved to intervene, we first consider whether Kellogg Caribbean has "an interest relating to the property or transaction which is the subject of the action." Kellogg Caribbean easily meets this requirement. An intervenor has a sufficient interest in the subject of the litigation where the intervenor's contractual rights may be affected by a proposed remedy. See Forest Conserv. Council v. United States Forest Serv., 66 F.3d 1489, 1495 (9th Cir.1995); Harris v. Pernsley, 820 F.2d 592, 601 (3d Cir.1987). Here, appellees' proposed remedy — an injunction requiring specific performance of the agreements — obviously would affect Kellogg Caribbean's asserted contractual rights. Kellogg Caribbean is the only Kellogg entity which is a party to these agreements so that an injunction specifically enforcing the agreements would surely limit its opportunity to terminate or alter its future business relationship with appellees.3
This same rationale satisfies the requirement that Kellogg Caribbean's interests, as a practical matter, may be impaired by this litigation. Appellees seek an injunction requiring specific performance that could bind Kellogg Caribbean. See Fed. R.Civ.P. 65(d); see generally 11A Wright, Miller & Kane, supra § 2956 (discussing the circumstances in which a nonparty may be bound by an injunction). Thus, this litigation could result (and preliminarily has resulted) in an order directly affecting Kellogg Caribbean's contractual rights. This is more than sufficient to satisfy the "practical impediment" requirement. See Daggett v. Comm. on Governmental Ethics & Election Practices, 172 F.3d 104, 110-11 (1st Cir.1999) (holding that the possibility that the litigation could end with an injunction adversely affecting intervenors' interests was adequate to satisfy this aspect of Rule 24(a)(2)).
This brings us to the district court's basis for denying intervention: that Kellogg Caribbean's interests are sufficiently represented by Kellogg USA. In so ruling, the district court concluded that, because Kellogg USA and Kellogg Caribbean are subsidiaries of a common parent, there is a presumption that Kellogg USA would adequately represent Kellogg Caribbean's interests. According to the district court, Kellogg Caribbean could only rebut this presumption by showing that its interests were somehow adverse to those of Kellogg USA, there was collusion between Kellogg USA and appellees, or Kellogg USA has committed nonfeasance in litigating the case. Because Kellogg Caribbean did not make any of these showings, the court denied intervention.
Typically, an intervenor need only make a "minimal" showing that the representation afforded by a named party would prove inadequate. Trbovich v. United Mine Workers, 404 U.S. 528, 538 n. 10, 92 S. Ct. 630, 30 L. Ed. 2d 686 (1972); see Patch, 136 F.3d at 207. However, in cases where the intervenor's ultimate objective matches that of the named party, a rebuttable presumption of adequate representation applies. See Daggett, 172 F.3d at 111; Moosehead Sanitary Dist. v. S.G. Phillips Corp., 610 F.2d 49, 54 (1st Cir.1979). We are doubtful that this presumption should apply based solely on the fact that Kellogg Caribbean and Kellogg USA share the same parent company. Cf. Pujol, 877 F.2d at 135 (stating that "corporate alter ego status does not, by itself, mean that [the s]ubsidiary" is automatically denied intervention).
But assuming arguendo that this presumption applies, we think that the district court focused too narrowly when it ruled that Kellogg Caribbean could only rebut the presumption by showing adversity of interest, collusion, or nonfeasance. We have explained that this trilogy of grounds for rebutting the adequate representation presumption is only illustrative. See Daggett, 172 F.3d at 111. Indeed, we have stressed the case-specific nature of this inquiry, Maine v. United States Fish & Wildlife Serv., 262 F.3d 13, 19 (1st Cir. 2001), and have discouraged district courts from identifying only a limited number of "cubbyholes" for inadequate representation claims, Mass. Food Assoc. v. Mass. Alcohol Beverages Control Comm., 197 F.3d 560, 567 n. 5 (1st Cir.1999).
Rather, to overcome the presumption, the intervenor need only offer "an adequate explanation as to why" it is not sufficiently represented by the named party. Maine, 262 F.3d at 19. One way for the intervenor to show inadequate representation is to demonstrate that its interests are sufficiently different in kind or degree from those of the named party. See United Nuclear Corp. v. Cannon, 696 F.2d 141, 144 (1st Cir.1982); Glancy v. Taubman Cts., Inc., 373 F.3d 656, 675 (6th Cir.2004) ("Asymmetry in the intensity ... of interest can prevent a named party from representing the interests of the absentee.").
To support its inadequate representation claim, Kellogg Caribbean contends that the arguments it would emphasize are different from those that Kellogg USA has pressed and will press. According to Kellogg Caribbean, Kellogg USA will stress that it is not a party to the agreements at issue and therefore cannot be held liable for breaching those agreements under Law 75.4 See Goya de P.R., Inc. v. Rowland, 206 F. Supp. 2d 211, 218-19 (D.P.R. 2002) (holding that a manufacturer that assigns its interest in distribution contract is generally not liable under Law 75). On the other hand, Kellogg Caribbean contends, because it admits that it is a party to the agreements, it would defend by arguing that appellees' allegations of wrongdoing are unfounded. In Kellogg Caribbean's view, this difference in emphasis is sufficient to demonstrate that Kellogg USA does not adequately represent its interests.
In assessing this argument, we observe first that, because of the potential for an injunction binding Kellogg Caribbean's future dealings, Kellogg Caribbean has a tangible and substantial stake in the outcome of this case. Because of this direct interest, the burden on Kellogg Caribbean to show inadequate representation is lighter than if its interest was "thin and widely shared." Daggett, 172 F.3d at 113-14; see also Virg. Sur. Co. v. Northrop Grumman Corp., 144 F.3d 1243, 1248 (9th Cir.1998) (concluding that a subsidiary was a necessary party in a lawsuit against the parent because the litigation could result in an injunction limiting the subsidiary's rights).
We recognize that there is nothing to prevent Kellogg USA from defending this lawsuit by arguing that, even if it is a party to the agreements, Kellogg Caribbean acted lawfully. But, as we will explain, Kellogg Caribbean almost certainly has more to lose than Kellogg USA in this litigation — at least insofar as appellees seek relief enjoining Kellogg Caribbean to perform under the agreements.
According to Kellogg Caribbean's pleadings (which we accept as true, see supra at 4), Kellogg USA is not a party to the agreements, does not own or control Kellogg Caribbean, does no business in Puerto Rico, and had no involvement in the events underlying appellees' complaint. Unlike Kellogg Caribbean, Kellogg USA is unlikely to be harmed by an injunction ordering specific performance of the agreements; after all, it no longer has a business relationship with appellees. See Tell v. Trustees of Dartmouth Coll., 145 F.3d 417, 419 (1st Cir.1998) (stating that "without a perfect identity of interests, a court must be very cautious in concluding that a litigant will serve as a proxy for an absent party"). The potential for this litigation to have a greater adverse impact on Kellogg Caribbean is a sufficient basis for concluding that Kellogg USA may not serve as an adequate proxy. See Nat. Union Fire Ins. Co. v. Rite Aid of S. Carolina, Inc., 210 F.3d 246, 251 (4th Cir.2000) (concluding that a parent company was a necessary party in a lawsuit against its subsidiary because the results of the litigation could have more serious future consequences for the parent); see also Southwest Ctr. for Biological Diversity, 268 F.3d at 824 ("[I]t is not Applicants' burden at this stage in the litigation to anticipate specific differences in trial strategy. It is sufficient for Applicants to show that, because of differences in interests, it is likely that Defendants will not advance the same arguments as Applicants.").
In sum, Kellogg Caribbean's attempt to overcome the presumption of adequate representation should not have been limited to showing adversity, collusion or nonfeasance. Because the injunctive relief sought would affect Kellogg Caribbean and because "there is sufficient doubt about the adequacy of representation to warrant intervention," Trbovich, 404 U.S. at 538, 92 S. Ct. 630, Kellogg Caribbean has satisfied the Rule 24(a)(2) requirements.
B. Rule 19(b)
Having concluded that Kellogg Caribbean meets the Rule 24(a)(2) requirements, but that intervention would destroy complete diversity, we turn to whether Kellogg Caribbean is an indispensable party under Rule 19(b). See supra at 7-8. Rule 19(b) provides that, if a nonparty is deemed necessary to litigation but joining that nonparty would deprive the court of jurisdiction, the court should permit the action to proceed only to the extent that "equity and good conscience" warrant. Provident Tradesmens Bank & Trust Co. v. Patterson, 390 U.S. 102, 109, 88 S. Ct. 733, 19 L. Ed. 2d 936 (1968). Four factors channel the analysis:
[F]irst to what extent a judgment rendered in the person's absence might be prejudicial to the person or those already parties; second, the extent to which, by protective provisions in the judgment, by the shaping of relief, or other measures, the prejudice can be lessened or avoided; third, whether a judgment rendered in the person's absence will be adequate; fourth, whether the plaintiff will have an adequate remedy if the action is dismissed for nonjoinder.
Fed.R.Civ.P. 19(b).
We review Rule 19(b) determinations only for abuse of discretion, see United States v. San Juan Bay Marina, 239 F.3d 400, 403 (1st Cir.2001), because such determinations involve "the balancing of competing interests" and "must be steeped in pragmatic considerations," Travelers, 884 F.2d at 635. Here, the district court did not independently analyze the Rule 19(b) question due to the erroneous conclusion that Kellogg Caribbean could not intervene. Because the district court is in the "preferred position" to make the Rule 19(b) determination, we think that it should have the first opportunity to address the question. Id.
That said, at least one thing is clear: Kellogg Caribbean is indispensable insofar as appellees seek an injunction that affects Kellogg Caribbean's interests under the agreements. See, e.g., Acton Co. Inc. of Mass. v. Bachman Foods, Inc., 668 F.2d 76, 81-82 (1st Cir.1982) (stating that, in an action seeking recision of a contract, all parties to the contract and others having a substantial interest in it are indispensable parties); 7 Wright, Miller & Kane, supra § 1613, at 196 ("[I]n an action seeking specific performance of a contract all persons who will be required to act to carry out a court order compelling performance have been held to be indispensable parties."). As discussed earlier, our conclusion that Kellogg Caribbean meets Rule 24(a)(2)'s requirements was influenced by our concern that it could be enjoined to perform under the agreements without being adequately represented. This analysis also renders Kellogg Caribbean an indispensable party, at least to the extent that appellees seek specific performance. See Acton, 668 F.2d at 81-82.
Nevertheless, there are multiple ways that the district court could resolve the Rule 19(b) question consistent with this limitation. For example, it could decide that Kellogg Caribbean's involvement in the underlying dispute is so extensive that it is indispensable to a proper adjudication of the case and therefore dismiss the action entirely. See H.D. Corp. of P.R. v. Ford Motor Co., 791 F.2d 987, 993 (1st Cir.1986); Freeman v. Northwest Acceptance Corp., 754 F.2d 553, 559 (5th Cir. 1985). It also could decide to retain jurisdiction and limit the relief available to appellees. See 7 Wright, Miller & Kane, supra § 1608 at 107 ("[W]hen rescission or specific performance might have a detrimental impact on an absent person, money damages may prove to be an appropriate alternative."). We do not prejudge whether one of these approaches, or perhaps another, provides a better avenue for accommodating the "competing interests" of the parties.
This rationale requires, however, that we vacate the preliminary injunction while the district court considers the Rule 19(b) question. This injunction, by its terms, requires that Kellogg Caribbean (as an affiliate of Kellogg USA) perform under the agreements while this litigation is pending. As just discussed, this kind of relief cannot be granted consistent with Rule 19(b) because it harms Kellogg Caribbean's legal interests.
For the reasons stated, we vacate the preliminary injunction and remand for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. The parties shall bear their own costs.
Of the Eighth Circuit, sitting by designation
Appellees dispute the effectiveness of this assignment, but, at this stage of the case, we accept the facts as pleaded by Kellogg CaribbeanSee supra at 4.
The requirements for a nonparty to intervene under Rule 24(a)(2) are similar to the requirements for a named party to join a nonparty as a "person needed for just adjudication" under Fed.R.Civ.P. 19(a)(2)(i)See 1966 Advisory Committee Notes to Fed. R.Civ.P. 24. Therefore, cases applying Rule 19(a)(2)(i) are helpful in interpreting application of Rule 24(a)(2) and vice versa. See Pujol v. Shearson/Am. Express, Inc., 877 F.2d 132, 135 (1st Cir.1989); 4 J. Moore, Moore's Federal Practice § 19.02[5][c] (2005).
Appellees claim that Kellogg Caribbean has no interest in BFH's claim because Kellogg USA's assignment of the distribution agreement to Kellogg Caribbean was ineffective. But, as mentioned previously, we assume for purposes of this appeal that the assignment was effectiveSee supra at n. 1.
This was Kellogg USA's lead argument in response to appellees' preliminary injunction motion
DocketNumber: 05-2187
Citation Numbers: 440 F.3d 541
Filed Date: 3/17/2006
Precedential Status: Precedential
Modified Date: 3/3/2016
Authorities (22)
Provident Tradesmens Bank & Trust Co. v. Patterson , 390 U.S. 102 ( 1968 )
Trbovich v. Mine Workers , 404 U.S. 528 ( 1972 )
Public Service v. NH Consumer Advocate , 136 F.3d 197 ( 1998 )
Tell v. Dartmouth College , 145 F.3d 417 ( 1998 )
Daggett v. Commission on Govt. , 172 F.3d 104 ( 1999 )
Food Association v. Massachusetts , 197 F.3d 560 ( 1999 )
United States v. San Juan Bay Marina , 239 F.3d 400 ( 2001 )
Ewers v. Liner , 419 F.3d 1 ( 2005 )
The Moosehead Sanitary District v. S. G. Phillips ... , 610 F.2d 49 ( 1979 )
Acton Co., Inc. Of Massachusetts v. Bachman Foods, Inc. , 668 F.2d 76 ( 1982 )
United Nuclear Corporation v. Joseph E. Cannon, M.D., Etc., ... , 696 F.2d 141 ( 1982 )
Ed Freeman and Wife Sharon Freeman, Cross-Appellants v. ... , 754 F.2d 553 ( 1985 )
H.D. Corp. Of Puerto Rico and H.D. 65, Inc. v. Ford Motor ... , 791 F.2d 987 ( 1986 )
martin-harris-albert-anthony-orlando-x-mccrea-tyrone-glenn-carlos , 820 F.2d 592 ( 1987 )
Francisco Pujol v. Shearson/american Express, Inc., Appeal ... , 877 F.2d 132 ( 1989 )
the-travelers-indemnity-company-v-richard-a-dingwell-dba-mckin , 884 F.2d 629 ( 1989 )
forest-conservation-council-maricopa-audubon-society-carlson-forest-watch , 66 F.3d 1489 ( 1995 )
Virginia Surety Company, an Illinois Corporation v. ... , 144 F.3d 1243 ( 1998 )
national-union-fire-insurance-company-of-pittsburgh-pennsylvania-v-rite , 210 F.3d 246 ( 2000 )
southwest-center-for-biological-diversity-california-native-plant-society , 268 F.3d 810 ( 2001 )
View All Authorities »
Siaca v. DCC Operating, Inc. , 477 F.3d 1 ( 2007 )
B. Fernandez & Hnos, Inc. v. Kellogg USA, Inc. , 516 F.3d 18 ( 2008 )
Negrón-Almeda v. Santiago , 528 F.3d 15 ( 2008 )
Costa v. Marotta, Gund ( 2008 )
R & G Mortg. Corp. v. Federal Home Loan Mortg. , 584 F.3d 1 ( 2009 )
Ungar v. Arafat , 634 F.3d 46 ( 2011 )
Colon v. Blades , 570 F. Supp. 2d 204 ( 2008 )
Picciotto v. Continental Cas. Co. , 512 F.3d 9 ( 2008 )
Ruiz-Hance v. PUERTO RICO AQUEDUCT AND SEWER AUTH. , 596 F. Supp. 2d 223 ( 2009 )
Helgeland v. Wisconsin Municipalities , 724 N.W.2d 208 ( 2006 )
Helgeland v. Wisconsin Municipalities , 745 N.W.2d 1 ( 2008 )
Alexandrino v. Jardín De Oro, Inc. , 573 F. Supp. 2d 465 ( 2008 )
INMATES OF THE RI TRAINING SCHOOL v. Martinez , 465 F. Supp. 2d 131 ( 2006 )
Kellogg USA, Inc. v. B. Fernandez Hermanos, Inc. , 553 F. Supp. 2d 51 ( 2007 )
Candelario-Del-Moral v. Efron ( 2014 )
Reliastar Life Insurance Comp v. MKP Investments ( 2014 )
Students for Fair Admissions v. President and Fellows ( 2015 )
View All Citing Opinions »


Do you have great ideas for promoting arts and culture – and the digital savvy and eye for detail to make them happen?
The Marketing Officer is a key member of the Fife Cultural Trust's marketing team which serves a vital role in delivering ambitious targets for the organisation in terms of sales; audience attendance, diversity and access; awareness and profile of the Trust and its associated brand ON.
If you are a marketeer who enjoys a challenge, is bursting with innovative ideas and has the ability to bring them to life, then this is the post for you. We require an individual with online marketing & campaign planning experience, great copy writing and proofing skills as well as excellent organisational skills.
To effectively and imaginatively promote the Trust and its events and activities (including services, venues, shows, exhibitions, cafes, conferences, retail and arts initiatives) in order to grow our: customer engagement, service usage, customer base and earned income.
If this sounds like we are expecting a lot, you're right – we are! The people of Fife deserve the best – but your best will be rewarded. In return we can offer the successful candidate contributory pension scheme, employee discounts, generous annual leave and flexible working schemes and a range of well-being initiatives.
Fife Cultural Trust is an equal opportunities and disability confident employer.


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text:
The Zad and NoTAV
Territorial Struggles and the Making of a New Political Intelligence
by Mauvaise Troupe Collective and Kristin Ross
June 2017 / 9781786634986
Vivid account and reflection on two struggles that are at the heart of the contestation of neoliberal technocracy and the state
At a time of ever more accelerated and expanded development of natural and agricultural territory, in the aim of making targeted areas more profitable and controllable, there are inhabitants who oppose these projects with a firm, unwavering NO. This is the case in Notre-Dame-des-Landes in western France and in the Italian Susa Valley, where decades-long battles have been mounted against high-speed transport infrastructure, an airport for one, and a high-speed train (TAV) between Lyon and Turin for the other.
Each of these struggles embodies, with its own distinct style, original ways of merging life with combat. And they do so to such a degree that they are redesigning today the future of their respective regions and awakening immense hope outside of their own territories.
This book recounts these two histories-in-the-making and gives voice to their protagonists. It was born of the intuition that these experiences and the hypotheses that emerge from them should circulate at the same time as the slogans and the enthusiasm, to strengthen the will to resist.
"I cannot recall reading a similarly structured book, but what results from this decision is a highly successful, conceptually satisfying marriage of form and content."
– Disegno
May Day Sale!
50% off our May Day reading! Includes new reading from Bhaskar Sunkara, Nancy Fraser, and Eric Blanc.
Call for the Film Industry to Defend the ZAD
"We, filmmakers, call on ourselves to bite, to film, and to defend this territory which is beaten and hits back."


Lou has 15+ years' of real world marketing experience, and is a founding partner of Sense. Her specialities include FMCG, fashion, media and technology.
On the other side of the Atlantic? Speak to our New York office instead.
from Creative to Production, Account handling to staffing.


Thanks to an agreement between rangers and climbers in 2007, bouldering is currently allowed at the South River boulders and Panola Mtn Boulders.
Parking for the South River boulders is $5. Go to the main park entrance off Highway 155 to pay $5 & then drive back down to the Alexander Lake parking.
During the fall season the rangers request that you sign in at the main ranger station and get a permit. There is hunting on adjacent tracts and controlled burns and the rangers would like to keep track of who is in the area.
The Panola Mtn boulders (actually on Panola Mtn) are open only on a tour basis. No climbing is allowed in this area if your not on a tour. This is strictly enforced and could hurt climbers access long term if not adhered to.
Climbing is not allowed in all parts of the park. Please be mindful and only climb in open areas.


Midleton and Area is a magnet for international and local tourists. A visit to the Jameson Distillery – the makers of the world renowned whiskey in Midleton is a must.
Midleton has become southern Ireland's hub of culinary excellence. The rich resources of the surrounding farmland and the wealth of excellent seafood available from nearby Ballycotton has made Midleton a celebration of its authentic and locally produced fare.
Browsers can use this page as a Midleton Directory offering a comprehensive listing of businesses in Midleton sorted by business type. If you want to be added to this directory please contact us.
Midleton, the leading town in East Cork, is a hub of businesses & cultural activity. Midleton and Area is a magnet for international and local tourists with excellent hotel and guesthouse accomodation, food , entertainment, golf courses, fishing, walk trails, etc.
The Midleton Farmers Market takes place every Saturday morning and has built up a loyal customer base with new people discovering its attractions every week. Buying in the market is a different type of shopping experience which appeals to a growing number of shoppers.
Midleton & Area Chamber Midleton & Area Chamber shared a post.


Another week ahead. Hope to see you soon!
Thur June 19 - Free Summer Brew Workout, Wisconsin Brewing Co, Verona, 6:00pm-In conjunction with the Race Director of the Madison Mini, Feetures socks & WI Brewing. A fun workout and give aways with a modified Beer Mile-(Nuun will be available if you prefer) Wear your past Mini gear for a chance to win a prize.
Looking Ahead: Saturday June 28- Free Pheasant Branch Trail Unofficial Half Marathon-Join us just for fun to run the Pheasant Branch Loop @7am. You can run one or as many loops you care to (4 loops would be around 13.1 miles!) No entry fee, no chip timing, no support--just a good fun workout and we'll have some prizes to give away! More details next week!


text:
U.S.|California Today: Homeless Camps, With Official Blessing
California Today
California Today: Homeless Camps, With Official Blessing
San Diego's homeless have been among the hardest hit by a hepatitis A outbreak.CreditCreditGregory Bull/Associated Press
By Mike McPhate
(Want to get California Today by email? Here's the sign-up.)
Governmental czars have been appointed, ambitious plans crafted and billions of dollars spent, yet California's homeless crisis still grows.
Roughly a quarter of the nation's homeless — about 118,000 people — live in California.
Frustration over the lack of headway has some city leaders now embracing a strategy once considered unthinkable: Sanctioned homeless camps.
"The entire West Coast is in a housing crisis," said Joe DeVries, an assistant city manager in Oakland. "What we really need is housing. But as we build it, we need something to make people's lives better."
Oakland plans to open two camps for roughly 80 people within the next month or so, Mr. DeVries said. The sites will have prefab sheds, round-the-clock security and social services.
Officials in Los Angeles, San Jose and Sacramento have weighed similar proposals. Some American cities, including Portland and Seattle, made the leap years ago.
In Southern California, San Diego is opening its first city-sanctioned homeless camp on Monday.
The proposals have won converts among city leaders who have been unable to marshal the resources or political will to deal with the homeless crisis.
Progress, they say, has been thwarted by skyrocketing housing costs that have pushed more Californians into destitution.
The encampment proposals are divisive. Supporters see them as a humane path to permanent housing in the absence of another good alternative.
Critics worry that they could foster complacency in the battle to create affordable housing.
And residents bring a host of safety and sanitation concerns connected to where the encampments would be placed.
San Diego's proposal was catapulted onto the city's agenda this year for public health reasons as a devastating hepatitis A outbreak took aim at the homeless population.
Bob McElroy, president of the Alpha Project, a charity that will operate the camp on a city lot near Balboa Park, said the long-term goal was to get people into permanent housing.
"But what do people do in the meantime? Die in the streets?" he said. "There's got to be a starting point."
California Online
(Please note: We regularly highlight articles on news sites that have limited access for nonsubscribers.)
The film producer Harvey Weinstein.CreditYana Paskova for The New York Times
• The megaproducer Harvey Weinstein was fired by his company after a history of sexual harassment was reported by The Times. [The New York Times]
• "Ladies of Hollywood," Rose McGowan, one of the actresses who settled with Mr. Weinstein, wrote on Twitter. "Your silence is deafening." [The New York Times]
• The Trump administration's immigration chief warned of more arrests in California neighborhoods and workplaces because of the state's sanctuary state law. [Sacramento Bee]
• "I'm ready for a good fight. I've got things to fight for," said Senator Dianne Feinstein, 84, hinting at a re-election run.[The Associated Press]
Workers boarded up a window at the Mandalay Bay hotel, where Stephen Paddock opened fire on a country music festival on Oct. 1.CreditChris Wattie/Reuters
• "I wish I could tell you he was a miserable bastard." What made a man who was said to be utterly unremarkable kill 58 people in Las Vegas? [The New York Times]
• Life expectancy can vary by up to 15 years depending on where you live in Los Angeles County. [KPCC]
• Two big fires broke out late Sunday in Napa County, forcing evacuations. [Napa Valley Register]
• Self-driving cars aren't just for the young. A start-up is testing a driverless taxi service in a retirement community in San Jose. [The New York Times]
Pavel Cherkashin, a Russian investor, is turning a church in San Francisco into a tech space, which he planned to call Hack Temple. He is having second thoughts about the name.CreditJason Henry for The New York Times
• With news of Russia hacks escalating all year, many Russians in Silicon Valley have found themselves the target of jokes and even suspicion. [The New York Times]
• Mike Pence walked out of an N.F.L. game after players from the San Francisco 49ers knelt during the national anthem. Some criticized the move as transparently premeditated. [The New York Times]
• The Los Angeles Times wrapped up a six-part true crime series and podcast about a dangerous serial manipulator. Readers called it "chilling," "riveting," and "mind blowing." [Los Angeles Times]
• Photos: The Blue Angels put on a show in the skies above San Francisco. [SFGate.com]
Being the mother of two young children has complicated the touring life of a pop star. "There's been many mornings when I look at myself in the mirror with tears in my eyes and I'm like, 'You can't have it all,'" Pink said. "There's always a compromise."CreditElizabeth Weinberg for The New York Times
• Pink's career provided a blueprint for the female pop-outsider archetype — embodied now by Halsey, Kesha and more. [The New York Times]
• Representative Darrell Issa, a Republican from Vista, is holding a town hall on Monday — sort of. It's being conducted over the phone.
• Bob Dylan starts a fall tour of the United States on Friday at a hotel-casino in San Diego County.
• A new Pfeiffer Canyon Bridge is scheduled to open on Friday. The span buckled during winter storms, cutting off a major artery into Big Sur for months.
• The two-day Art & Pumpkin Festival begins on Saturday in Half Moon Bay, a town that calls itself the "World Pumpkin Capital."
The Dodgers took a lead of two games to none over the Arizona Diamondbacks on Saturday in their best-of-five National League division series.CreditRichard Mackson/USA Today Sports, via Reuters
The Dodgers are the only Californian club competing in baseball's playoffs this year.
On Friday, Conor Dougherty, a Times reporter and Giants fan, asked readers to consider a touchy question: Was it even possible for a Giants fan to root for the Dodgers?
Let's just say the feedback was spirited.
Some samples:
"No. Just no."
— Margaret Stone
"I don't know where to begin. The reporter's premise has left me apoplectic. While I am also a die-hard Giants fan, I would no sooner root on the Dodgers than I would the I.R.S."
— Chris Larson
"As a longtime Giants fan, I'd say the only time I'd root for the Dodgers would be if they were playing against the Taliban."
— Pete Mastromonaco
"I'm a true blue, 54 year old, born and raised in Southern California, watch every game I can, Dodgers fan. But if my guys weren't in the postseason and the Giants were, I'd be rooting for them! We Californians need to stick together, water rights be damned!"
— Laura Turkel
"My dad taught me two things: Love the Giants with all of your heart and hate the Dodgers with every fiber of your being. The mere thought of a playoff series between the Giants and Dodgers makes me hyperventilate."
— Harrison Reilly
"I don't see why not. Us SoCal residents cheered endlessly for the Giants in 2010, 2012, 2014. It's time they returned the favor. We can keep the rivalry but at the end of the day, yes — we're all California."
— Nicole Villanova-Price
California Today goes live at 6 a.m. Pacific time weekdays. Tell us what you want to see: CAtoday@nytimes.com.
The California Today columnist, Mike McPhate, is a third-generation Californian — born outside Sacramento and raised in San Juan Capistrano. He lives in Los Osos. Follow him on Twitter.
California Today is edited by Julie Bloom, who grew up in Los Angeles and graduated from U.C. Berkeley.


OFFERED FOR SALE AT A BUDGET PRICE; A well presented two bedroom terraced house with the benefit of gas central heating, uPVC double glazing and a retiled roof. To the front of the house is a lounge and a separate dining room follows into a kitchen with a selection of fitted base units and wall mounted cupboards and an integrated gas hob with an electric oven beneath. The family bathroom is to the first floor in addition to 2 double bedrooms.
With NO CHAIN & VACANT POSSSSSION, this presents a fine opportunity for a first time buyer to get a foothold on the property ladder.
Nicholson Street - approximatley 1.5 miles to the north of the Hull City centre, benefitting from easy public transport links on Beverley Road and all the other amenities that this busy street has to offer.
An external part-glazed uPVC door has a glazed light above and opens to an entrance hall with original plasterwork to the ceiling, a dado rail and a staircase.
11' 1'' x 10' 0'' (3.38m x 3.05m) The lounge is almost square with a window to the front and a closed chimney breast.
11' 10'' x 10' 2'' (3.63m x 3.11m) The dining room is well proportioned with a utility cupboard beneath the staircase and a uPVC double-glazed window looking towards the garden at the back.
9' 8'' x 8' 5'' (2.96m x 2.58m) The kitchen has dark granite-effect work surfaces with splashback tiling on top of woodgrain base units with a selection of matching mounted cupboards. An integrated gas hob has an electric oven beneath and a picture window behind the sink and drainer looks out to the rear garden. A further window is to the side wall beside an external, half-glazed uPVC door.
A staircase from the dining room turns through 90 degrees to a first floor landing with loft access.
13' 5'' x 11' 0'' (4.09m x 3.37m) The master bedroom is a double room to the front of the house with a closed chimney breast and a fixed cupboard in the recess.
11' 10'' x 8' 4'' (3.63m x 2.55m) The second bedroom is a double room at the back of the house with a window overlooking the garden.
10' 3'' x 8' 4'' (3.13m x 2.55m) The walls of the bathroom are tiled around the bath and the basin. A big window in the back wall is fitted with obscure glass and is positioned beside a wall-mounted Ideal Independent condensing boiler. The white bath has an electric shower over; a pedestal basin and WC complete the suite.
The back garden is a decent size with fencing and walls at the perimeter.


Shops report that a chaffed wiring harness near the bottom of the intake manifold can short out the Black/yellow or black/white wires causing fuse #15 to blow repeatedly. It can also cause the speedometer to move erratically and the charging system to work intermittently. Inspect the wiring harness near that area and fix the chaffed wires to correct the problem. The problem is found on 1996-2000 Honda Civics with the 1.6-liter engine.


text:
Phodaga is een geslacht van kevers uit de familie oliekevers (Meloidae).
Het geslacht is voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven in 1858 door LeConte.

Soorten
Het geslacht omvat de volgende soorten:
 Phodaga alticeps LeConte, 1858
 Phodaga marmoratus (Casey, 1891)

Oliekevers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Is the President Allowed To Pardon Those Who Conspired To Bring Him To Power?
I am not a lawyer. Nor do I play one on TV. But I follow Harvard Law professor Laurence Tribe on Twitter and I have read the papers he cited that challenge the assertion that a president can pardon himself. After reading those papers I am convinced that any pardon Donald Trump grants to himself will also fail. I further contend--and this will be controversial--that any pardon he grants to anyone who has helped him become President through an illegal conspiracy will fail.
Read more about Is the President Allowed To Pardon Those Who Conspired To Bring Him To Power?


Alta Via 1 and Alta Via 2 trails are among the most beautiful trails to be found in the Alps. They compose a round circuit around the Aosta Valley on the height, for a distance of 330km. Together they make the track of the Tor des Geants, Tour of Giants, one of the most attractive endurance trail race in the world. All Alta Via trails are very well maintained, and are possible to hike on around a 30 different segments of one day each. Despite it is near all in Europe, it has nothing to envy the most popular Himalayan trekking, with the benefit of nice beds in the Refugios and eat the great local food of the Aosta Valley.
The Alta Via no. 1, starts in the South-east of the Aosta Valley, at the village of Donnas (332m) and ends in Courmayeur, passing the Monterosa area from Gressoney in the Lys Valley to Cervinia in the Valtournenche Valley, through Champoluc in the Ayas Valley.
Look at our gallery from Tor Des Geants.
The trail is possible to hike in summer months, due to the fact that it crosses medium and high altitude mountain areas, through meadows and pasture, woods and rocky parts, maintaining an average altitude of around 2000m and often reaching almost 3000m.
The itinerary is very well marked with yellow signs in the main crossings, with specified time and a difficulty level, and with the number 1 written into a yellow triangle on stocks and stones all the way.
The trail ranges between Donnas and Valtournenche (courtesy of Lovevda). It is also called "The Giants' Trail", because of the beautiful high peaks it passes, the highest mountains in Europe: Monte Rosa (4634m), Matterhorn (4478 m), and Mont Blanc (4809m).
Natural beauty of this nearly 150km path is inextricably linked with traditions and culture of people leaving in this area from the early Middle Ages. Inhabitants of the past built most of trails that we are still able to walk today, and they used them for commerce and breeding livestock. Nowadays, cows are an inherent part in the mountains in summer, producing the delicious cheese and milk products that you will enjoy on your way.
For a complete description please visit the website of Aosta Valley.
Read Alta Via 1 and Alta Via 2 trails guide! Go for a Alta Via tour with us!


When it will come to trucks, GMC is known the environment over for its output of a variety of trucks from assistance trucks and professional vehicles to pickup trucks. It had its beginnings with a professional hauling truck enterprise made in 1902 by Max Grabowsky known as the Speedy Motor Automobile Enterprise.
7 several years later on, Normal Motors acquired out Grabowsky&#39s organization simply because they wanted to sort their very own trucking enterprise, which was termed General Motors Truck Enterprise. They additional Reliance Motors to their stock in 1911, and in 1912 GMC (Basic Motors Corporation) Vehicles was born out of those people two acquisitions.
GMC produced a mere 372 vans out of the nationwide complete of 22,000 vehicles that very first year, which pales in comparison to the millions of industrial motor vehicles they make nowadays. An intriguing take note even though is that GMC was a forerunner in battery-powered electric design vans and manufactured 9 distinctive styles different from one particular-50 % to 6 tons potential.
In an effort to bring up their acceptance, GMC Trucks put on a general public stunt in 1916 that includes 1 of their truck designs. William Warwick drve a loaded GMC 1-1 / 2-ton truck from Seattle to New York and back again, earning it the quite 1st truck to cross the whole Usa in significantly less than 32 times.
The enterprise may have labored, as that exact yr the Military went with t ton GMC vans as element of their fleet of autos. In simple fact, WWI acquired major breakthroughs for their company, as 90 percent of all its manufacturing was bought by the armed service from 1917 and 1919. GMC delivered 8,500 automobiles to the Army for the duration of people decades.
The following number of a long time bought a lot more innovation in the GMC Truck manufacturing as pneumatic tires replaced solid rubber tires in 1920, and their K model vans came out that yr as well with a capacity involving and and five tons. The next year electric lights changed what experienced been oil lamps as regular gear on all vehicles as very well and 7 pace transmissions grew to become the standard for heavyweight trucks.
By 1923, GMC trucks had capacities ranged up to 10 tons if you rely the trailer. Rear wheel brakes have been setting up to be utilised on some styles by 1925.The organization expanded by 1927 when they developed a truck assembly plant in Pontiac, Michigan which was the most significant truck constructing plant in the earth then at 26 acres of residence.
That same calendar year the firm bought out their T model of vans with a t ton panel express truck and a screen facet convey truck and "Cannon Ball" Baker drve a T model 40 GMC tank truck complete of drinking water from the Atlantic Ocean all the way from New York to San Francisco in below 6 days, which established a velocity document for significant-obligation trucks.
GMC continued its innovative methods when it started off supplying tandem driving rear axles for their heavyweight services vans in 1930 and the subsequent year it was a GMC T-95 product truck that crammed a refrigerated GMC trailer whole of contemporary make from Los Angeles to New York, location a further record.
Concerning 1931 and 1940 GMC Vehicles were being generating extra than 20 products of truck trailer chassis, 15 new models of distinctive pounds trucks, and it experienced included numerous styles of major body weight vans to its strains.
The following war also seemed to benefit GMC as their output quantities ongoing to escalate with all of its trucks heading to the war hard work by 1942. GMC developed 600,000 trucks through this time body for the navy. In point, GMC trucks were offered the E Award for Excellence in 1944 simply because of its enable in the war energy.
The enterprise was back again to making trucks for the civil market place by then, but experienced some problems with a six-month extensive strike by its personnel in 1946 that briefly slowed issues down. Even so, by 1950 it proudly had 75 types of vans likely by means of its creation lines.
In 1954 GMC Trucks supplied electricity steering for the to start with time on some types and in 1956 tubeless tires ended up regular, and they ended up the initially to set air suspension on front and rear axles on some of their significant bodyweight model vehicles.
Amongst the 50s and the 60s GMC grown even much larger and by 1968 they had been regarded as the 3rd biggest truck producer in the environment. At the time yet again they prospered in the war hard work and created far more than 9,000 vans for the armed service in 1951. They were M-135 series that had the means to ford deep drinking water, so becoming very handy for military functions.
The organization all over again showed how GMC was initial in utilizing ground breaking options when in 1967 they generated vehicles with electrical power absorbing steering columns, instrument panel pads and dual brake programs very well before they have been required by the Federal Motor Auto Security Requirements.
GMC continued its truck manufacturing over the up coming quite a few many years, weathering lots of problems variations in generation traces, escalating output prices, level of competition from overseas companies, challenges with the fuel shortages in the center 1970s and deregulation and economic downturn problems in 1980s. The complications ended up so extreme, that some trucking providers went out of business. The generation plant in Pontiac was also torn down in late 1980s and the generation was moved to Janesville, Wisconsin.
GMC&#39s superior points involve putting third in the creation of vehicles in the US, being displaced as the official truck of the 1984 Olympics and in 1988 they stopped creating heavyweight trucks, in 1990 electronic gasoline injection became the norm, and by 1996 the name was shortened to just GMC, as a substitute of GMC Vehicles and they merged with Pontiac Motor Division to variety Pontiac GMC Division of Typical Motors.
The following yr all of its professional motor vehicles manufacturing was moved to Flint, Michigan. Due to the fact then, GMC Vehicles has ongoing to expand and make award-successful trucks of all varieties with output and distribution all in excess of the world.
GMC Vehicles will celebrate a milestone anniversary in 2012 – 100 yrs of truck production.


In Chinese, many verbs (but not all) can be reduplication. For a verb that has only one syllable, e.g. 看, its reduplicated form will be "看看". The second syllable will be pronounced in neutral tone. For a verb that has two syllables, e.g. 介绍, its reduplicated form is "介绍介绍". Verb reduplication basically indicates that the action lasts for a short period of time or is repeated for only a small number of times. Depending on the nature of the verb and the context, it may carry on extra senses.


Home > MF - Debt Funds > UTI Dynamic Bond Fund, outperformed the benchmark, CRISIL Composite Bond Fund Index across time horizons.
UTI Dynamic Bond Fund, outperformed the benchmark, CRISIL Composite Bond Fund Index across time horizons.
UTI Dynamic Bond Fund is well positioned to take advantage of the prevailing uncertainty in the markets. It endeavours to generate optimal returns with adequate liquidity through active management of the portfolio.
The fund is being managed dynamically with active and more frequent duration calls in order to generate alpha in line with the evolving interest rate scenario. It has the ability to reduce maturity when interest rates are rising, thereby preserving capital and can generate the attractive returns of an Income Fund when interest rates are declining.
This fund can form part of an investor's strategic debt allocation to build a balanced portfolio.


Each residence has been built to exacting standards with exciting and visually appealing architectural features.
Convenient, ground floor locations with double patios, additional attached storage unit, modern kitchens and baths, formal separate dining room with sleek chandelier lighting, and over-sized master bedroom. Available ground floor only.
Available ground floor with double patios or upstairs with vaulted ceilings, this floor plan offers a gracious living space with modern kitchens and baths, a cozy fireplace, oversized master bedrooms and abundant closet space throughout.
Available ground floor with double patios or upstairs with vaulted ceilings, the 2 bedroom garden style floor plans are perfect for sharing. Both bedrooms are designed to accommodate large furniture and two baths ensure optimal privacy and convenience. Other creature comforts include a cozy fireplace, separate formal dining room with bay windows, and a private storage unit.
Upstairs only, this unique and versatile floor plan creates an open concept with impressive vaulted ceilings and a contemporary loft bedroom. As our most popular floor plan, the loft style apartment home gives you a townhouse feel with one bedroom and bath on the living area level and the open loft bedroom and bath on the second level. A cozy fireplace, separate formal dining room, and modern kitchens and baths are perfect for the resident with discerning tastes. Available upstairs only.
The three bedroom loft apartments are all upstairs locations with two bedrooms and one bath on the living area level and an open, loft style bedroom and bath on the second level. A cozy fireplace, separate formal dining room with bay windows, and modern kitchens and baths make this our most popular floorplan. Available upstairs only and always limited availability. Ask about our priority waiting list!


Want to close your eyes and relax? Filled with flax seeds and organic lavender buds, these eye pillows are the perfect way. Heat in the microwave (10 second increments), chill in the freezer or leave at room temperature. The outer cover is designed with a flap to remove the inner pouch so the cover can be washed.


Political Chaos: Wall Street's New Volatility?
Volatility on Wall Street might be low, but Main Streets around the world are more restive than they have been in years. And that could mean tumult ahead for financial markets and economies.
Indeed, the S&P 500, a broad gauge of U.S. equity performance, is trading at its highest levels on record – more than recovering from its financial-crisis lows hit in March 2009. At the same time, the CBOE's VIX, a measure of implied volatility on Wall Street, is trading at its lowest levels in more than a year.
It's not just American blue-chip equities experiencing a jolt of investor optimism – Markit's gauge of the cost to insure high-yielding corporate debt stands at its tightest spread since November 2007, while spreads across a swath of European firms are narrower than they have been in four-and-a-half years.
Citigroup warns, however, the apparent stability across financial markets masks smoldering political instability around the world. In fact, the average yearly tally of elections, government collapses and mass protests has surged a staggering 54% to 21.7 in the years following the financial crisis, compared to the decade prior, according to the bank's research.
And the types of "risk events" vary greatly and are truly global in scale. Among the major events in recent years have been the Arab Spring uprisings that have thrown a slew of nations in the Middle East and North Africa into chaos, the dramatic fall of Ukraine's authoritarian government, and a coup d'état in Thailand.
Even in some of the world's strongest unions, where blood isn't necessarily shed, the results of civil unrest can be eye-popping. Take, for example, euro-skeptic parties seizing control of 30% of the European Parliament in elections late last month in response to sky-high unemployment and painful austerity across the European Union. Or the first American government shutdown in 17 years, caused by seemingly irreconcilable differences between the Democratic and Republican parties.
That's the heart of the issue: inequality. Be it in political power or wealth, cries that a small fraction of the world's population controls a seemingly ever-increasing swath of the world's power have ricocheted across the globe – sometimes with dangerous consequences.
"Parents fearing their children will be worse off than they are is not fear of inequality per se. Rather, we think it should be interpreted as anxiety that the system is changing in a way that people have less faith that the path to prosperity, and the opportunities it affords, will be as open to their children as it was to themselves," Citi noted as it grappled exactly what the definition of "inequality" is in the modern context.
Ironically, well-intentioned policymakers at major central banks, including the Federal Reserve and European Central Bank, probably exacerbated the problem in their quest to pull the global economy back from the brink and jumpstart growth.
Strife across developed and emerging markets could have profound consequences going forward, according to Citi.
Thus far geopolitical volatility has been broadly localized, meaning events have largely impacted economies and markets directly surrounding the source of the trouble. The overthrow of Ukraine's government and Russia's subsequent annexation of the Crimea offers an example of that trend. Russian and Ukrainian markets have taken hits, but U.S. equities still trade at record highs. The recent coup in Thailand had similar consequences – the impacts were mostly constrained to Thailand and other Asian asset markets. The same situation presented itself during conflicts with Syria and Libya and turmoil in Egypt – just to name a few incidents.
A notable, although not particularly long-lived, exception was the eurozone debt crisis. Worries that a default in a periphery nation such as Greece or Cyprus could tear apart what was then a 17-member currency bloc sent global equities plummeting some 25% in the summer of 2011. A round of bailouts funded by core countries, particularly Germany, helped snuff out those sparks. Finally, a vow by ECB President Mario Draghi in July 2012 to do "whatever it takes" to hold the group together numbed markets to any woes since then. Citi even said clients have essentially stopped asking about the state of governments in the euro despite ongoing concerns there.
Callousness toward emerging flashpoints could catch Wall Street by surprise, Citi warned.
"For now, global markets seem more interested in Janet Yellen's next move on QE than Vladimir Putin's next move in Ukraine. Maybe this will change, but only when we have seen the end of [developed market] near-zero policy rates and open-ended liquidity at those extraordinarily low rates," Citi said.


text:
# csv-locales

This module creates json files with [i18n locales](https://developer.chrome.com/extensions/i18n) for Google Chrome extensions and applications from a CSV file.

## Installation

    npm install --save csv-locales

## Usage

To create locales use a CSV file which generated from a spreadsheet with [this structure](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1ONVyE5iwe7Hjg74eUQ5WdJjQ7i8kWNcbfXI-uh3bvdc/edit?usp=sharing).

You can use it as a [grunt task](https://www.npmjs.com/package/grunt-csv-locales) or as a [gulp task](https://www.npmjs.com/package/gulp-csv-locales), or as in example below:

    var csvLocales = require('csv-locales');

    var params = {
      csvPath: 'path/to/the/file/locales.csv',
      dirPath: 'path/to/the/target/dir/_locales',
      csvParse: {/* CSV parser option or null */}
    };

    csvLocales(params, function (err) {
      if (err) {
        throw err;
      }

      // All done!
    });

### Params available

* `csvPath` - a path to the CSV file with locales.
* `dirPath` - a path to the target directory. If it doesn't exist, it will be created.
* `csvParse` — a list of options for the [CSV parser](http://csv.adaltas.com/parse/).

License
-------

[MIT](LICENSE)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


ST. LOUIS - Imagine receiving an opportunity of a lifetime. - the type of opportunity that makes your dreams a reality. And imagine it happens right before your college graduation. This is the experience of a Webster University senior as a Katherine Dunham Fellow of the Arts and Education Council (A&E).
Quinton Ward was honored as the 8th recipient of the Katherine Dunham Fellowship program in January. This distinguished fellowship is designed to equip young African-Americans with the tools and skills to succeed in the arts administration field, where they are historically underrepresented. Sponsored by Sara and Jack Burke, this 16-week long program provides an experience of mentorship, personal and professional development and enrichment opportunities. Ward says his personality and confidence helped him to obtain this fellowship, but he couldn't have done it without the support of the Webster University community.
"Webster is the reason I got this opportunity," Ward said.
Ward, a senior graphic design major, found a sense of family at Webster University. He established and fostered genuine relationships and with faculty, staff, and students that made his college experience worthwhile.
Ward's connections at the university have been beneficial to his journey as an artist. In the summer of 2017, he was selected to showcase his artwork in a solo exhibition in the Arcade building at the Gateway campus in downtown St. Louis. Ward also built close relationships within the Art Department, especially with his graphic design professor Noriko Yuasa, - who served as a mentor to him. In fact, Yuasa played a major role in Ward attending the University. Ward got a glimpse of Webster's support when he first visited campus to attend the Art Department's senior portfolio presentation, where he met Yuasa for the first time.
He also maintained a good rapport with those at his previous work-study position with the Career Planning Development Center, not knowing this relationship would be significant. The Career Planning Development Center recognized Ward's work ethic, and when presented with information about the Katherine Dunham Fellowship, they sent the application to his professor to recommend Ward as a strong candidate.
Ward described his fellowship as an overall amazing experience. From January to early May of 2018, he has made his mark in the St. Louis arts industry by representing A&E. Ward was given a warm welcome from the council and earned the nickname "KD 8," being the 8th fellow of the program.
Ward was immediately immersed in hands-on experience at his fellowship with the first task of facilitating the St. Louis Arts Awards, a gala honoring trailblazers in the St. Louis community. During his fellowship, he honed a wide-range of skills including marketing, fundraising, program and grants delivery, database management, building management, and event planning. Every Monday and Wednesday he learned something new and gained a lot of valuable knowledge. One of the highlights of his fellowship was visiting the various sites A&E sponsors. Ward's favorite site was Normandy's 7th and 8th grade Center - rehearsal of the play "A Raisin in the Sun." Ward said that this moment helped him to realize the significance of art education in schools and in the community.
"The arts are important to a vibrant community. It brings the culture," Ward explained.
The things that Ward appreciated the most about the fellowship was having people to mentor him and believe in him. The council also helped promote Quinton Ward to the community. In the past few months, Ward had several guest appearances on local media such as Fox 2 and "St. Louis Public Radio's St. Louis on the Air with Don Marsh." A&E has connected him in many different ways that benefit his career path.
He says he's grateful for the love and support he received from the Katherine Dunham family and how they took him under their wing.
The future is looking bright for Ward. After graduation, he plans to incorporate the skills and experiences he attained from Webster University and A&E and become holistic in the field of art. Ward doesn't limit himself to be just an artist, he has ambitions to be a designer, community engager, and eventually a leader of a renowned art organization.
He also wants to continue creating artwork that is a representation of his personal experiences, social issues, and current events. Through his sculptures, installations, and graphic designs, he expresses deeper messages with emotional value.
Ultimately, he aspires to be an inspiration to other African-Americans so they can see faces like themselves succeeding in the arts administration field.
The Arts and Education Council has opened applications for the Katherine Dunham Fellowship program for the 2018 fall semester.
Must be African-American undergraduate juniors or seniors, recent graduates (1-3 years), or graduate level individuals.
May come from any academic discipline, not just the arts (ex: liberal arts, business, social work, marketing and communications, etc.).
Must have A genuine interest to lead and work for an arts organization or cultural institution (dance organizations, museums, theaters, symphonies, performing arts centers, etc.).
Must be able to work at least two full days per week (approximately 16 hours) between September and December during normal A&E business hours, Monday-Friday, 8:30 a.m.- 5:00 p.m. A&E is located in its Centene Center for the Arts, 3547 Olive Street, St. Louis, MO 63103 in the Grand Center Arts District.
Be able to spend approximately 2-5 hours per week on extracurricular activities outside of work (may include attending complimentary arts and culture events, social networking events, A&E special events, Katherine Dunham related events/classes, etc.).
Applications are due May 31, 2018.
For more information about the Katherine Dunham Fellowship and to apply, visit KeepArtHappening.org/KatherineDunham.


It is important to inform your students in advance (the week before the beginning of the course, for instance) that you will be using clickers and to indicate to them how to get equipped.
Information on how to contact your students is available on this page.
Below are examples of the kind of information you can send to your students.
The first class of my course … is on the … .
I will be using clickers for this course. A clicker is a device that allows you to answer interactive questions in class.
It is necessary that you borrow a clicker from the Library before the first class.
Visit the Library main guichet at the Rolex Learning Center, Monday to Friday 8am to 8pm. The loan is free and the only thing you need is your student ID card (CAMIPRO).
You will find more information on the web site http://clickers.epfl.ch/students.
For this course we will use web-based clickers, meaning that you will use your own smartphone/laptop/tablet to answer questions via internet.
Please check that your device is compatible and set it up using the instruction on the following web page: http://clickers.epfl.ch/students. Don't forget to bring your device to class.
Borrowing a clicker from the Library before the first class: visit the Library main guichet at the Rolex Learning Center, Monday to Friday 8am to 8pm. The loan is free and the only thing you need is your student ID card (CAMIPRO).
Using your own smartphone/laptop/tablet to answer questions via internet: please check that your device is compatible and set it up using the instruction on the web page http://clickers.epfl.ch/students. Don't forget to bring your device to class.
All the necessary equipment will be provided in class.
Students are more likely to participate to your clickers activities if they understand how it can help them learn better.
At the beginning of the first class – and then again from time to time – it is useful to tell your students why you are using clickers and how they can benefit from it.
If your students have borrowed a clicker from the Library, please remind them at the last class (or just after) to return their equipment before the end of the semester.