This is the follow-up to the groundbreaking bestseller The Secret (you can read my review here) by Rhonda Byrne. In The Secret, Rhonda (and various other teachers) introduced the Law of Attraction – everything that comes into your life is by virtue of the images that you're holding in your mind. I cannot help but think that the content in The Power is the same, but with the focus on feeling good feelings rather than thinking good thoughts.
Just seeing the outcome you want isn't enough, you have to feel the way you would once your wish has manifested. If the act of visualizing your desire brings up more feelings of anxiety and frustration (of not having it) than it does of joy and bliss, then it is not going to happen.
According to the author, LOVE is the greatest emotion one could have. Other positive feelings include Gratitude, Joy, Passion, Excitement, Enthusiasm, Hope and Satisfaction. Examples of bad feelings are fear, despair, guilt, envy, hate, anger, criticism, worry, disappointment, irritation and even boredom!
Where The Secret is filled with the opinions and personal experiences of many practitioners of the Law of Attraction, The Power is mainly written from the viewpoint of Rhonda.
Just like The Secret, this book provides practical tips, advices and steps/processes on how to apply the power of feelings to have an amazing life. The book then focuses on each key area of our lives, that is, Money, Health, Relationships, etc.
Amazon is the cheapest place that I know of to get this book. The last time I checked, it was $15.99 for the Kindle edition (Amazon provides a free Kindle reading app), $16.76 for the hardcover, $17.95 for the audiobook download and $21.61 for the audio CD. They also have used books and those will be cheaper.
Just like The Secret, this book is an excellent introduction to the world of self-advancement. You do not need any prior knowledge to understand the content inside. If you are feeling down or depressed in your life for certain reasons, this book will make you feel better.
If you have read The Secret, then you should find the content in the two books to be very similar. You could still read it to feel good, or use it as a timely reminder for yourself to always think/feel positively. And sometimes it's good to have things explained in a different way. But like I said in my review of The Secret, if your mind has been shaped by years of negative thoughts, then it could be difficult for you now to think the 'right' things consistently. If you've spent years building up negative conditions in your life as a result of negative thoughts and feelings, then you should not expect to see your entire life turn around through 15 to 30 minutes of the right thinking/feeling. To revamp your innermost thoughts and feelings use this tool.
I hope you've enjoyed this review (and share if you do!), and last but not least, if you have any questions or comments regarding The Power please leave them below and I'll get back to you ASAP. See you around!!
Thank you very much for this article. Seriously, I think many people underestimate and some even go as far as to think our "emotional sides" are not important in terms of research and learning. If you care about your feelings it doesn't make you any less "macho" if you are a man. Hate those stereotypes. Thanks to you I will consider getting the book and I will focus more on loving, because lately I have been a bit grumpy and negative and I forgot to enjoy things. Blessings!
Well said, and blessings to you too!
I feel I'm in the minority here with the popularity of "The Secret" but my biggest problem with the Law of Attraction and books like The Secret is that it comes from the viewpoint that the universe will just give you things if you have a positive mind. Although the Law of Attraction does good things like it teaches you to have a positive mind and keep a clear goal in your mind at all times this in itself will not get you what you want.
The universe doesn't care about you – it won't just give it to you. You still have to work for it. This is where I feel the Law of Attraction falls short. Maybe I misunderstand the Law of Attraction but from what I gather the Law of Attraction basically gives you all the tools to build a house, it even teaches you to use those tools but never tells you to actually build the house. Often times the last step to the Law of Attraction is something like "Thank the Universe", or "ask the Universe for it". Your positive thought have nothing to do with the universe. It will propel you to succeed but "asking the universe" will do nothing for you.
Here's where I disagree with you. By engaging in practices like visualization, you'll be surprised at the inspiration you get – seemingly out of 'nowhere'. And then you will be able to take inspired action, which is action that you take when you feel inspired to do it, and is ALWAYS accompanied by a rush of energy, as well as feelings of excitement, enthusiasm and joy. When you take inspired action, everything just flows beautifully.
Have you used The Secret and The Power in your own life? Did they help? I do strongly believe in the power of self image, and look forward to reading the books.
Oh, definitely. It has worked for me in terms of health and finances, and most importantly I am a happier and more patient person now than I was.


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Short-term mortgages likely for landlords as uncertainty continues
Consumer service Which? says it anticipates landlords choosing short term mortgages in the coming year, rather than five year options.
The service - which also operates a mortgage advice facility - says a year ago it predicted that landlords would lock in shorter-term mortgages in 2020, with uncertainty around Brexit and the future profitability of buy to let causing investors to be risk averse.
Now it says 2021 will be a repeat.
"With the added complexities around Covid-19, the future of the eviction process and a lack of clarity around renting rules after Brexit, it may be more of the same in 2021, with landlords keeping their options open by taking out two-year fixes rather than longer-term deals" it suggests.
Which? says buy to let mortgage rates have risen slightly since the start of the pandemic, from 3.0 per cent on average in March to 3.09 per cent in December, but there are signs that costs are coming down again.
A handful of lenders, including Accord and Coventry Building Society, reduced their rates in December, and more may follow in January.
"It's likely that we'll see relatively small rate cuts rather than major sales in the early part of 2021, and lenders may look to entice landlords with fee-free and cashback incentives rather than headline-grabbing rates" says the service.
Government urged to reform the rental deposit system ...
When renting a property out, landlords recognise that it is important...
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Consumer organization Which? recently undertook a mystery-shopping exercise at 20 letting...
UK Finance slammed for suggesting that the leasehold system is working well ...
Assertions made by UK Finance that the leasehold system is not...
House of Commons briefing paper on tenancy deposit schemes published ...
A briefing paper on tenancy deposit schemes has been published by...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Jammu and Kashmir – synonymous with heaven, synonymous with lifetime holidays, synonymous with the abode of God, synonymous with the crown of India!! The very best time to go on a nature path in the Everglades Nationwide Park is between the months of November to May. However, in case you are a nature lover, a superb place so that you can go to is Samaria Gorge (largest gorge in Europe) which provides unforgettable views.
Kruger Nationwide Park in South Africa provides good opportunities for viewing wild animals at its best. The extra the children talk about the expertise of tent camping, the more they will associate good feelings and household memories with being outside together by the camping tent or beneath the cover.
Kruger Nationwide Park is the top place to visit when traveling to Africa. This reserve also gives stunning and unique climbing trails on land that has an infinite array of terrain layouts. It has three climbing trails where you may stroll to chasms, grottos, waterfalls, lime deposits and rock formations.
Whether or not you want to plan a trip to see nature and wildlife, study concerning the historical past of the southwest or just need to get away from it all Arizona has quite a lot of places to see and things to try this will curiosity any recreational adventurer.
The character center has illustrations of the totally different animals, such as foxes, snakes, and owls or other animals that reside in that individual park.
Pench Nationwide Park is located along India's northwestern Maharastra state. It was a beautifully quiet day the place nature was image-perfect. They improved the paths and caves to preserve its magnificence. If you get pleasure from photography or just like documenting your life, these rivers make great pictures to associate with a fantastic story of a trip down the river.
The character center has illustrations of the different animals, equivalent to foxes, snakes, and owls or other animals that dwell in that individual park. There are a lot of different sorts of nature trails within the Flamingo campground like Snake Bight, Rowdy Bend, Christian Point, Eco Pond, Bear Lake, Bayshore Loop, Man Bradley Trail, and Coastal Prairie.
Whenever you search for the best summer season vacation, you need to think about the nature of your journey. The Haller Park Nature Trail is ideal place for the entire family for bonding and educational reasons. That is other most thrilling adventure Sports in Goa which give vacationers an expertise of flying fowl and enjoying chook's-eye view of clear blue-sky above, never-ending stretch of blue sea and wide expanse of sandy seashores beneath.


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How Alexander the Great conquered the Persian Empire November 333BC
Greek NEWS, HISTORY
On this day, we commemorate the Battle of Issus.
On November 5, 333 B.C., near the Pinarus River's mouth, the Hellenic League led by Alexander the Great defeated the armies of the Achaemenid Empire led by Darius III, in the second great battle of Alexander's campaign against the Persians.
The Battle of Issus was a decisive Hellenic victory, and it marked the beginning of the end of Persian power. It was the first time the Persian army had been defeated with the King (Darius III at the time) present.
After the battle, the Hellenes captured Darius' wife, Stateira I, his daughters, Stateira II and Drypetis, and his mother, Sisygambis, all of whom had accompanied Darius on his campaign. Alexander, who later married Stateira II, treated the captured women with great respec
Tags: 333 bc, Alexander the Great, Darius III, Greco-Persian Wars, Persian Empire, Persians
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I don't believe there is a trick to finding the right sunglasses. It is too restrictive to say that certain shapes suit particular faces. We challenge ourselves to ensure every style works perfectly. Properly fitted sunglasses will look great on any face. Sunglasses change your expression, so we design our frames with unique personality that compliments our wearers own style.
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We have just done a gutter clean in wigan, a 400m squared commercial property that had plants and small tree's growing out of the gutters, when we do a commercial quote we do a survey on site and then forward on quotes along with a copy of a risk and method statement and copies of our insurance for your records. We can access high reach gutters using our high reach gutter vacuum and can usually provide a quote within 24 hours and work around the clock to suit clients preference and also for safety issues.
We offer packages that include clearing of all your gutters, if you want all the facias of the gutters cleaning and any type of building facia, Upvc facia boards or cladding cleaning we can create a package that will be discounted for taking both services together. Keeping your gutters cleaned on a regular basis is required by some building insurance companies who require a copy of our invoice for there records which is why we also offer regular 3, 6 and 12 month frequency gutter cleaning packages.


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Baloney Detection 101 – Scientific Theory
A scientific theory, as opposed to the everyday use of the word "theory," is more than just a guess, and it isn't, as Isaac Asimov once quipped, something you came up with while drunk.
It's a set of ideas that weaves facts together into a single overall description and detailed explanation for a given set of phenomena.
All scientific theories are provisional, never proven with complete metaphysical certainty, and are sometimes demonstrably factual, but it's important to tell a theory from the facts it describes.
The scientific use of a theory gives no a priori indication of its actual level of certainty, but any given set of ideas might be so well established by repeated testing as to be confirmed beyond all rational doubt. There are the theories of genetic inheritance, general and special relativity, quantum mechanics, number theory in mathematics, music theory in music, stress theory in engineering, the germ theory of disease, atomic theory, heliocentric theory, the global Earth theory, plate tectonics theory, and of course, that boogieman of creationists, evolution.
Booga-Booga! Eeevilution!
And not everyone's doubt is rational, with various sorts of science denialists given to labeling any set of theories they have a bug up their posteriors about as "just theory, not fact,'" playing on the everyday use of both the words 'theory,' and 'fact.'
A theory is not a hypothesis; the latter is just a part of a theory,a proposed explanation with a given set of predictions within a theory's framework. That's what you'd expect to see, or not see, if that part of the theory is to be tested.
Theories aren't facts; they explain and describe facts. And facts are not certainties, outside of formal logic and maths. Never confuse those.
Facts in science are never absolute, due to science's provisional nature. It can never be known absolutely that some data which might disconfirm any particular fact will never rear its ugly head at any arbitrary point in the future.
Theories are not 'promoted' to laws, they being two different sorts of beasts – laws merely define things, give a mathematical structure to a phenomenon we can use in applying it, while a theory describes and explains how it works.
Theories usually start as models, which offer testable hypotheses for experiment or other observation; there's the comparative method in mostly historical sciences: geology, cliodynamics, cosmology, astronomy, paleontology, and archaeology to name a few.
No, you don't have to do experiments in a lab to do science. Otherwise, no crime ever committed could be solved using evidence left at the scene where it happened, and detectives would be permanently out of work as a profession.
Science isn't just for the nerds in lab coats and pocket-protectors.
Most science today is done as a community effort, evolving over time, and all involved in a study contribute to the overall theory being investigated and hypotheses tested; the idea of the lone researcher working in his basement lab, the sole author of his ideas, is a quaint notion, however popular it may be.
Even broader than a theory is an overarching concept called a paradigm, often composed of many theories. M-theory in cosmology might be a good example of a paradigm, as a candidate for a "theory of everything" composed of many subsets that individually describe and explain some aspect of reality.
The term paradigm was coined or popularized by philosopher of science Thomas Kuhn and he used it in an early attempt to describe the internal process by which science changes, though it is now more often used in the sciences to refer to a conceptual tool, as a mode of thinking or general working approach to theories and frameworks of theories.
Good theories are never supported by only one piece of evidence, but through multiple, often thousands, millions, or more independent lines of data spread throughout many fields of research, which is why the demand science denialists make of, "show me just one piece of evidence that proves the theory true," is nothing more than an empty rhetorical stunt, and an illegitimate shifting of the burden of proof.
The burden of proof rests with those making unsupported claims and asserting questionable facts, not advocates of well established and previously demonstrated findings.
Ultimately, no theory can be proven to be timelessly, absolutely true by finite data.
That's because it sometimes only takes one reliable and properly documented observation to falsify one or more hypotheses of that theory.
In science, there are no absolute truths, so sometimes, that one reliable observation is all it takes to bring down a previously, but erroneously accepted idea, or to subsume it into an overall new theory with a more narrow but still valid domain of application.
That's why such ideas as phlogiston, the luminiferous ether, and phrenology are no longer accepted as viable theories in science.
And with the junking of ideas that don't work, and science's ability to correct its course to an ever more accurate view of the world, who needs absolute truth?
(Last Update: 2019/2/26, 13:50)
Categories: Science	Tags: falsification, hypotheses, hypothesis, prediction, scientific law, scientific laws, scientific theory, theory
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One thought on "Baloney Detection 101 – Scientific Theory"
Joshua Sawyers says:
I liked your blog, but I'd argue with Kuhn that the scientific paradigm is quite superfluous. If two (or more) theories can successfully be put together so that their explanatory and predictive power has been expanded, and it contains no contradictions or anything that has yet to falsify it, then it itself would simply become the new theory (of whatever). So if you somehow successfully combined General Relativity with Quantum Mechanics, you wouldn't call it the-paradigm-of-general-relativity-and-quantum physics…. Scientists would simply call it Quantum Gravity Theory, or The-End-Of-The-World-Because-We-Can-Predict-What-You're-Going-To-Do-Next-LOL. I'd go so far as to say that theories have, throughout the history of science, gobbled up smaller theories as they expand their explanatory power… paradigm is a fun word though, that's why they use them in Final Fantasy XIII.
Peace 😛
(Now why wouldn't you call it the-paradigm-of-general-relativity-and-quantum physics? Well its because they would no longer be the independent theories they once were. One of them, or more likely both of them, would need to be altered from their current state in order for them to be combined into a single framework for making predictions about both the very large and the very small.)


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Caitlin Reilly Marks 2-Year Anniversary of Soap Legend Dad John Reilly's Death: 'Grief Is a Funny Thing'
Caitlin Reilly is honoring her entertainer father, John Reilly, two years after his passing. The Hacks entertainer and virtual entertainment star, 33, wrote an extensive message on Instagram considering the deficiency of her dad and nervousness she's felt throughout the course of recent days about how to respect him on the commemoration of his passing appropriately.
"Today's been a long time since my father died and pain is something entertaining," Caitlin, 33, wrote in the post. "Since this day occurred, the feared ninth, I've been frightened by it."
"I went through days struggling with what I planned to do, how I planned to occupy myself," she proceeded. "Consider the possibility that I don't go through the day regarding him enough. Consider the possibility that I don't respect him appropriately. Consider the possibility that I have a terrible day, is that rude to his spirit?…
I normally turned out to be completely psychotic about it." "Then, at that point, I got up toward the beginning of today, feeling only huge appreciation," she made sense of.
"I wasn't frightened, or furious, or miserable about today. I was quiet, similar to a hand was on my shoulder letting me know it was all OK. I had this staggering sensation of thankfulness that I got to have the father I did." "Since let me tell you, he was awesome at it. What a gift that he was MY father. What a gift that I had him as long as I did, when some didn't have him by any means.
Caitlin Reilly (@hicaitlinreilly)'in paylaştığı bir gönderi
How fortunate am I?" she added. "So today, the feared ninth, will be the day that I praise that and him. It'll be a truly blissful day, downpour what not."
Caitlin posted the message close by a closeup highly contrasting photograph of her dad in his more youthful years giving a little grin to the camera.
John was most popular for playing Sean Donely on Broad Medical clinic, however took on various jobs in network shows before he died at age 84.
A few stars like entertainer Jennifer Collect voiced their help to Caitlin in the remarks. Collect stated, "All things considered, presently I love him, as well ❤"
Entertainer Tony Sound stated, "You regarded him wonderfully," while essayist/maker Gary Janetti added: "I'll constantly recall your Father as Sean Donely. Cherished him. ❤"
Caitlin reported the fresh insight about her dad's demise on Instagram in January 2021, sharing a legacy photograph of her as a little kid embracing her dad.
"John Henry Matthew Reilly Also known as Jack. The most splendid light on the planet has gone out," she said at that point. "Envision the best individual on the planet.
Presently envision that individual being your father. I'm so appreciative he was mine. I'm so appreciative I got to adore him. I'm so thankful I made it so as to hold him and bid farewell."
"I genuinely don't have any idea what I will do, however I realize he'll accompany me," Caitlin added. "I love you everlastingly Daddy."
John featured on Broad Clinic for 11 seasons prior to selecting to not restore his agreement in 1994. In 2008, he repeated his Overall Medical clinic job for the season 2 finale of the show's side project, General Medical clinic: Night Shift. He again played Sean for the first cleanser's 50th commemoration year in 2013.
He additionally showed up in a few episodes of the hit show Beverly Slopes, 90210 as Bill Taylor, the frequently truant dad of Jennie Garth's personality Kelly Taylor, and played repeating parts as Del Douglas on Nightfall Road from 1997 to 1999 and as Alistair Crane on Interests from 2005 to 2008.


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Cecil Whitmore Wiki, Age, Net Worth, Wife, Now
Though mostly known as a husband of Dr. Simone Whitmore, Cecil Whitmore has his ethics on peaking the success in life. Integrated with the knowledge of finance and information technology, Cecil provides a unique perspective to the real estate world. Under a Solid Source Real Estate, Cecil emphasizes on delivering world-class results and first-class service to their clients.
Though mostly known as a husband of Dr. Simone Whitmore, Cecil Whitmore has his ethics on peaking the success in life. Integrated with the knowledge of finance and information technology, Cecil provides a unique perspective to the real estate world.
Under a Solid Source Real Estate, Cecil emphasizes on delivering world-class results and first-class service to their clients.
Wiki, Family
Cecil Whitmore was born to his parents, late Cecil Whitmore Sr. and mother in 1966. He grew up with his two siblings, namely David Whitmore and Cecilia Whitmore Jackson, in Los Angeles, California.
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He encloses a close bond with his family members and often spends quality time with them. Back on 21 February 2019, Cecil celebrated his mother's 85th birthday and also wished her through an Instagram post where he posted several pictures with his mother.
Net Worth And Career
Cecil Whitmore derives the massive net worth and fortunes from his professional career as a Solid Source Real Estate Agent. He garnered the real estate license back in 2004 and has served as a part-time agent and a real-estate investor in Metro Atlanta. However, Cecil has not brought his net worth to public attention. Despite that, he might have garnered an average salary of $48,060 per year as a real estate agent.
Also, he works at the Coca-Cola Company and also is one of the longest job-holding employees. Also, he has served as Director of Enabling Functions at the company.
Besides that, Cecil's wife is a physician who also has starred in the Bravo TV series, Married To Medicine. She speaks and advocates for women's health issues and leadership. As being a reality star, she earns an estimated salary of $300,000 from the series, Married To Medicine.
Married, Wife, Children
Cecil Whitmore is in a sustained relationship with his wife, Simone Whitmore, who is a Georgia-based physician and owner of North Perimeter OB/GYN. The lovebirds initiated their love life after meeting at Spelman College and later, shared their wedding vows on 25 May 1996.
See This: Matt Agnew Wiki, Age, Girlfriend, Before and After
After three years of their marital tie, the happily married duo welcomed their first child, Miles in 1998. Following the expansion of their family, Simone and Cecil were blessed with another son, Michael after four years in 2002.
In between their married life, the lovely duo did comply for the separation. The Married To Medicine star (Simone) announced that she would be divorcing her husband after twenty-one-years of married life. She had planned to have paperwork finalized when she returns to Atlanta. She asserted that she was done with Cecil and the divorce was not game.
But the process of separation was kept on hold to work on repairing their marriage. Concerning the incident, Cecil's wife mentioned that she and her husband agreed to get counseling for making their marital life work.
Simone Whitmore with her husband, Cecil Whitmore (Photo: Cecil's Instagram)
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Despite the fluctuating relationship, the couple is still in the long run of their married life. As of now, they maintain a close-knit bond and cherish their quality time with their children.


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Phase 3 Study of Darzalex Shows Efficacy and Safety in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
BEERSE, Belgium–(BUSINESS WIRE)–The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson today announced results from the Phase 3 MAIA study demonstrating that the addition of daratumumab to lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) significantly reduced the risk of disease progression or death in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who are ineligible for …
Amgen Announces First-In-Human Data Evaluating Investigational Novel BiTE Immunotherapies AMG 420 And AMG 330
THOUSAND OAKS, Calif., Dec. 3, 2018 /PRNewswire/ — Amgen (NASDAQ:AMGN) today announced the first clinical results from studies evaluating investigational novel bispecific T cell engager (BiTE®) immunotherapies AMG 420 and AMG 330. In two separate Phase 1 dose escalation studies, AMG 420, which targets B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), and AMG 330, which targets CD33, …
bluebird bio and Celgene Corporation Present Initial Data from Ongoing Phase 1 Study of Anti-BCMA CAR T Cell Therapy bb21217 in Patients with Multiple Myeloma
CAMBRIDGE, Mass. & SUMMIT, N.J.–(BUSINESS WIRE)–bluebird bio, Inc. (Nasdaq:BLUE) and Celgene Corporation (NASDAQ:CELG) announced initial data from the ongoing Phase 1 clinical study of bb21217 (CRB-402), an investigational next-generation anti-BCMA CAR T cell therapy being studied in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. The data were presented by Nina Shah, M.D., …
FDA Approves Empliciti Plus Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone for Certain Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
PRINCETON, N.J.–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (NYSE: BMY) today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Empliciti (elotuzumab) injection for intravenous use in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone (EPd) for the treatment of adult patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least two prior therapies, including lenalidomide and a proteasome …
Genmab Announces Positive Topline Results in Phase III Study of Daratumumab in Front Line Multiple Myeloma
Copenhagen, Denmark; October 29, 2018 – Genmab A/S (Nasdaq Copenhagen: GEN) announced today topline results from the Phase III MAIA study (MMY3008) of daratumumab in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (DRd) versus Rd alone as treatment for newly diagnosed patients who are not candidates for high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem …
Revlimid Demonstrated a Significant Improvement in Progression-Free Survival Compared with Observation in Patients with Smoldering Multiple Myeloma
SUMMIT, N.J.–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Celgene Corporation (NASDAQ: CELG) today announced results from an open-label phase II/III National Clinical Trials Network (NCTN) study led by the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group and sponsored by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), part of the National Institutes of Health. REVLIMID® (lenalidomide) was provided by Celgene under a clinical …
Cellectar Announces Overall Survival Exceeding 19 Months in Phase 1b Trial with CLR 131 in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
MADISON, Wis., Oct. 02, 2018 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Cellectar Biosciences (Nasdaq: CLRB), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the discovery, development and commercialization of drugs for the treatment of cancer, today updates interim overall survival (OS) data from the company's ongoing Phase 1b clinical trial evaluating CLR 131 for the …
FDA Approves Amgen's sNDA for Kyprolis in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
THOUSAND OAKS, Calif., Oct. 1, 2018 /PRNewswire/ — Amgen (NASDAQ:AMGN) today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) to expand the Prescribing Information for KYPROLIS® (carfilzomib) to include a once-weekly dosing option in combination with dexamethasone (once-weekly Kd70) for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. The …
FDA Authorizes Adaptive's clonoSEQ Assay to Detect MRD in Patients with Multiple Myeloma and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
SEATTLE–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Adaptive Biotechnologies® announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted De Novo designation for the clonoSEQ® Assay to detect and monitor minimal residual disease (MRD) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) using DNA from a patient's bone marrow sample. The clearance …
Study Shows that Measuring MRD Negativity Using Adaptive's Next-Generation Sequencing Platform is a Major Predictive Indicator in Multiple Myeloma
SEATTLE–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Adaptive Biotechnologies today announced that Blood, the Journal of the American Society of Hematology (ASH), published online an analysis of patient samples from the Intergroupe Francophone du Myéloma (IFM) 2009 trial. The analysis confirms the value of minimal residual disease (MRD) as a prognostic indicator in multiple myeloma (MM) measured …
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JENN AIR C-301 46 CONVERTIBLE COOKTOP GRILL RANGE 6 BURNERS STOVE TO BE COMPLETED. Jenn Air 46 C301 Convertible Cooktop grill range never installed but need to be completed. Please review pictures fro what is included. The Jenn Air is in new condition, never installed but need to be completed, the two side burners are missing. Please review all pictures for details.
Box measures 48 x 23 x 19. I try to describe my items as accurately as possible but I may miss some details or have variance in opinion regarding item condition.
Please ask any and all questions you may have regarding this item to insure your satisfaction. International Buyers are responsible for any and all custom duty. I will issue feedback once I receive it and know item has arrived. The item "JENN AIR C301 46 CONVERTIBLE COOKTOP GRILL RANGE 6 BURNERS STOVE TO BE COMPLETE" is in sale since Monday, December 21, 2015. This item is in the category "Home & Garden\Major Appliances\Ranges & Cooking Appliances\Cooktops".
The seller is "grandpaonline" and is located in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. This item can be shipped worldwide.


text:
Q: Error: The namespace 'AspNetCore' already contains a definition for 'Views__ViewImports' (CS0101) [Prerendering] I'm building an ASP.NET web app from the ground up. It was working I added "asp-prerender-data" to the Index.cshtml file. JavaScript is not loading, only showing 'Loading...' on the Webpage.
VS code is now populating the following errors:
{
    "resource": "/c:/Users/david/OneDrive/workspace/Prerendering/Views/Home/Index.cshtml__virtual.cs",
    "owner": "csharp",
    "severity": 8,
    "message": "The namespace 'AspNetCore' already contains a definition for 'Views_Home_Index' (CS0101) [Prerendering]",
    "startLineNumber": 14,
    "startColumn": 18,
    "endLineNumber": 14,
    "endColumn": 34
}

<app id="spa" asp-prerender-module = "ClientApp/boot-server" asp-prerender-data=" new { IsAdministrator = true, cookies = ViewContext.HttpContext.Request.Cookies}">
    Loading...
</app>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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What Do You Call This Makeup? - TSB.com.ng!
What Do You Call This Makeup?
She was photographed at an event. Didn't her family, friends or neighbours see her before she left the house? What do you call this? Makeup or makedown?
Previous articleWhat Do You See On This Banana?


Blackmores Executive Sleep Formula is a one of its kind preparation that ensures an overall health and energy supply at time of stress and anxiety.
How Blackmores Executive Sleep Formula Works?
Blackmores Executive Sleep Formula™ contains a combination of herbs to help with sleepless nights due to stress. It helps support healthy sleeping patterns, and provides relief from an overactive mind and sleeplessness due to stress.
Passion flower (Passiflora incarnata): has been traditionally used for its sedative and gentle anxiety relieving effects. Passionflower helps to relieve insomnia due to mental worry, racing thoughts or "mind chatter" by helping to calm the mind. It helps during times of overwork and may help restore a normal rhythm of sleep.
Adults: Take 1 tablet 30 minutes before bedtime, or as professionally prescribed.
Children under 12 years: Only as professionally prescribed.


text:
Lawyer: Hotel Maid 'Traumatized'
NEW DETAILS
Updated Apr. 24, 2017 3:42PM ET / Published May. 17, 2011 5:43PM ET
J. Scott Applewhite / AP
At the center of an international sex scandal, the lawyer for the woman who accused International Monetary Fund Chief Dominique Strauss-Kahn of sexual assault said she is "traumatized" by the whole incident. "There is no way in which there is any aspect of this event which could be construed consensual in any manner," said the alleged victim's lawyer Jeffrey Shapiro. Shapiro said the accuser, a maid at the posh Sofitel New York hotel and a native of the West African country of Guinea, is now in hiding and feels "alone in the world." Meanwhile, Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner said Tuesday that Strauss-Kahn is "obviously not in a position" to run the IMF, and the 24-member executive board will appoint an interim head. Strauss-Kahn faces seven counts of attempted rape and sexual assault and could face up to 25 years in prison if convicted.
Read it at BBC News


I've recently started teaching ethics to my 8 year old daughter's class.
Up until the last few years, if you had a kid at a NSW state primary school who chose not to take a weekly 30 minute scripture class, they had to sit in the library and do nothing – colouring in was the only allowed activity. With a limited choice of religions on offer (no groovy Buddhist monks 'round our way) and a general aversion to hypocrisy, we decided to have our kids take the colouring-in option. Good colouring in skills can be keenly sought after later in life.
All that has now changed through some effective activism and the persuasive powers of people like Simon Longstaff from the St James Ethics Centre. After seeing off the religious lobbies and careful trialling and testing, Philosophical Ethics is now an alternative to scripture. But only after parents opt out of scripture (it's not presented up-front as an option) and only if the school has a volunteer ethics coordinator and enough trained, volunteer ethics teachers.
We had been part of the activism effort to make it happen, but when we learned that our eight year old and other kids we knew wouldn't get the chance to learn ethics because of a shortage of teachers, my wife Jo and I decided we had to get more involved – so we both went through the training and here we are, in week five of our first term of teaching ethics – me to 8 year olds; Jo to 10 year olds.
Hats off to primary school teachers – my thirty minutes a week is challenging; I'm on my toes and doing my best to keep them interested and under control. I can't imagine stretching that to 30 hours a week!
So, my life is now richer because of 22 eight year olds who run (mostly) into the school hall to see me on Tuesdays, sit in a circle and open their minds each week. It's fabulously rewarding, and the opportunity to engage with little kids on their journey in life makes me feel more complete as a person. Aristotle said that if you want to be a virtuous person, it's not enough to just think virtuously, you have to act with virtue as well. Thanks for the reminder Aristotle.
The Primary Ethics movement has got to where it is now due to some untiring efforts from a lot of parents and citizens who wanted to give young kids some choice. To Barry O'Farrell's credit, he hasn't caved into pressure and has maintained the legislation in place to continue the program. Participation is growing rapidly, but I understand schools west of the inner city and coast are lacking resources and information. If you want to make a difference, go to www.primaryethics.com.au and see if there's an opportunity for you to donate, co-ordinate or even teach at your local primary school.
Next week we're discussing "the difference between excuses and reasons". Better start my preparation now!


text:
WW2 Wychwoods Home Front
… from the Wychwoods Albums Archive
Home Guard, Milton, 1944.
With invasion imminent, the Local Defence Volunteers were formed in May 1940, and with their name changed later in the year to the Home Guard, were gradually equipped with uniform, rifles and ammunition. Initially, their duties, after a normal week's work, were anti-invasion. Later in the war, when they were better equipped and trained with drilling and manoeuvres, they became a back-up for the regular army.
The Observer Corps, Shipton, 1939
Left to right: Reg Bradley, Charlie Shepard, George Wiggins, Laurie Pittaway (seated), Alf Moss. In 1936, Post Y.1 Oxford Group was formed on the hill above Shipton on the road to Chipping Norton. Later becoming the Royal Observer Corps, their duties were to report the height, position, direction and number of aircraft. Later they were also required to identify them. The piece of equipment between them is a height/position finder.
Wedding at Swinbrook, summer, 1943
Sergeant Bob Smith, the drill sergeant to the Milton Home Guard Platoon, who formed the Guard of Honour, married Miss Gregory of South Lawn. No wedding bells could ring because that was the signal that invasion had begun.
Sketch of Post Y.1 by Hope Bourne, 1945. From the W.I. booklet Milton and Shipton During the War
Daisy Burrus, about 1942
Early in the war, Daisy Burrus whose family worked at Manor Farm, Upper Milton, volunteered to join the NAAFI, and was drafted to Southampton where she worked in a camp canteen.
Potato pickers, Manor Farm, Upper Milton, 1940
Left to right: Carter Wiggins (father of three sons killed 1914-18), Valerie Bond (Women's Land Army), Mrs Hickman, Kath Timms, Joe Hedges and Shepherd Hickman. With the outbreak of war and the blockade, the intensive rearing of pigs and chickens, which had started in the 1930s, abruptly stopped, and farms again had to become self-sufficient. All farms, regardless of soil, had to grow potatoes. The land was worked by those in reserved occupations, the Women's Land Army and pensioners, school children and prisoners of war.
Fordson tractor on Coldstone Farm, Shipton, 1943
By the end of the war, more machines were available for farm work, like this standard Fordson with metal wheels with spade lugs. In the photograph Tom Turner is giving a ride to Jesse Hunt who was an evacuee from Upton Cross School, West Ham, billeted on the Turners. She came to Shipton at the age of five and, although all but one other child from West Ham were moved either home or to Launton in 1940, she stayed in Shipton until 25 May 1945, the only official evacuee to stay the whole period of the war in Shipton.
This is one of series of snapshots taken from the Society's publications "The Wychwoods Albums". These publications from the mid to late 1980s feature a variety of images of the Wychwoods, all of which deserve a place in our expanding online archive.
WW1 Wychwoods Military | WW1 Wychwoods Memorabilia | Shipton WW1 Miscellany | St Michael's Shipton Early 1900s | Early Prebendal Scenes| Shipton Court 1930s | Milton Scenes Early 1900s | Milton Social Activities | Farming Activities and People | Ascott Early 1900s | Leafield 1900s – 1930s | Fifield Residents Early 1900s | Idbury Early 1900s | Lyneham Miscellany| WW2 Evacuees | WW2 Wychwoods Home Front| WW2 Victory Celebrations|The First Wychwood Album


In the late 1960's, Follie and Valley Layell stepped out in faith to begin services for the Sparta Church of God. The first recorded minutes are dated May 19, 1968 regarding a revival. An acre of land adjoining the property was purchased October 14, 1984. The first services were held in a school bus and later moved to a house. The house was replaced by the building, which is now the Fellowship Hall. Eventually, poor health led to Foley relinquishing the pulpit. On January 1, 1984, Doug Combs and his wife Mary Jane answered God's call for them to begin their ministry at the Sparta Church of God. Mary Jane began asking God to send musicians to the church. God answered her prayer for the music ministry by sending talented people who also love the Lord. Doug's parents, Brison and Florence Combs, not only supported Follie and Valley Layell, Doug's maternal grandparents, but they have continued to support Doug in his ministry. Small attendance and a 1988 roof cave-in, due to a snowstorm, caused Doug to question if he should continue this ministry. God blessed by sending several churches to help repair the roof and the damage it caused inside the church. Doug persevered and in the 1990's, God began to bless by sending people hungry to hear God's word and worship in freedom. In 1998, discussions were held regarding construction of a covered picnic area, but no definite decision was made. However, God began to deal with Doug and other people regarding building a new church. When the decision was made to build a new church, a building fund was started with an offering of $120.00 on December 6, 1998. Doug was asked many times when the building of the new sanctuary would begin, but he sensed that God was not ready for us to begin the work. However, when God was ready, he poured blessings on the building of the church far beyond what any of us could imagine. The grading of the site and the construction of the block walls began in October 2000 and as you can see, God built a church. He put people in our lives with talents that met every need required for the building of the church. We know what God did and we want you to see for yourselves. You all have been directly or indirectly a part of the process. May God bless all of you and come to worship with us any time.


As love songs fill the air, families will have the opportunity to create a host of valentine-themed art activities! This event is free and open to the public; no registration is required. Supplies and plenty of smiling and skilled volunteers will be on hand! Children must be accompanied by an adult. There is a perfect art project for everyone's sweetheart at this event!
Doors open at 10:30am at the Longwood Center for the Visual Arts at the intersection of Third Street & Main Street in historic downtown Farmville, VA.


Schoettger Orthodontics giving away more Husker shirts!
Christmas Decor--before or after Thanksgiving?
Before or after Thanksgiving, that is the question! We need your opinion!
We are giving away a whole bunch of these shirts today! Our remodel preoccupied us and we need to randomly pick winners for a fuzzy Husker BLANKET, a clear Husker BAG, and a lot of these custom GBR (Go Big Red!) T-SHIRTS! We will post winners on the original posts, but ALSO pick a few comments from this thread!
To be entered, just comment your opinion below--should we put up our holiday decorations before or after Thanksgiving??


text:
package uni.helsinki.sdc_weather.model;

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.TimeZone;

import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.json.JSONTokener;

public class MeasurementDataService {

	public final String TIMESTAMP_FORMAT = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss'Z'";

	public List<Measurement> fromResultJson(String json) throws JSONException, ParseException {
		List<Measurement> res = new ArrayList<Measurement>();

		JSONObject root = (JSONObject) new JSONTokener(json).nextValue();

		JSONArray arr = root.getJSONArray("result");

		for (int i = 0; i < arr.length(); ++i) {
			res.add(fromJsonObject(arr.getJSONObject(i)));
		}

		return res;
	}

	public Measurement fromString(String json) throws JSONException, ParseException {
		JSONObject o = (JSONObject) new JSONTokener(json).nextValue();
		return fromJsonObject(o);
	}

	public Measurement fromJsonObject(JSONObject o) throws JSONException, ParseException {

		SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(TIMESTAMP_FORMAT, Locale.ROOT);
		sdf.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT"));

		Measurement m = new Measurement();

		m.setTimestamp(sdf.parse(o.getString("timestamp")));
		m.setLongitude(o.getDouble("longitude"));
		m.setLatitude(o.getDouble("latitude"));
		m.setHumidity(o.getDouble("humidity"));
		m.setPressureAtmospheres(o.getDouble("pressureAtmospheres"));
		m.setTemperatureCelsius(o.getDouble("temperatureCelsius"));

		return m;
	}

	public String toJson(Measurement m) throws JSONException {
		SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(TIMESTAMP_FORMAT, Locale.ROOT);
		sdf.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT"));

		JSONObject o = new JSONObject();

		o.put("timestamp", sdf.format(m.getTimestamp()));

		o.put("longitude", m.getLongitude());
		o.put("latitude", m.getLatitude());
		o.put("humidity", m.getHumidity());
		o.put("pressureAtmospheres", m.getPressureAtmospheres());
		o.put("temperatureCelsius", m.getTemperatureCelsius());

		return o.toString();
	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Ryan O'Connell's critically acclaimed Netflix series 'Special' has been renewed for a second season
'Queer Eye's Fab Five are heading to Japan in a brand-new trailer - WATCH
Ryan O'Connell says gay men are drugging themselves in order to have the perfect body
'Special' creator and star Ryan O'Connell has promised to always cast gay actors in gay roles
'Special' creator Ryan O'Connell felt 'f**king cheated' with the lack of sex in 'Call Me By Your Name'
Gays on TV: Your guide to the week's best LGBT TV and film
Netflix release trailer for new series 'Special' and shows the highs and lows of being gay and disabled
Netflix orders eight-part series about gay man living with cerebral palsy


text:
Want to send a parcel to the Moon? A Japanese startup is working to establish a courier service for space- Technology News, Firstpost
The race to be the first one in space, and then the Moon was a contest between mainly the USA and the Soviet Union. Today though, the race to be the first one to completely commercialise space travel and make it feasible for tourists is practically anybody's race, including private players.
Thanks to a Japanese aeronautical research company, people on Earth can now send parcels and couriers to space. Image Credit: ISpace.
We have heard about space agencies and aeronautical firms partnering up to make the world's first space hotel. Now, we have an up-and-coming startup from Japan that wants to establish a courier service in space. Want to send a parcel or an urgent document to someone in space? Well, in a few years, you can.
ISpace Inc., a Tokyo-based company, plans to launch a lunar lander by the end of this month, that will carry a variety of commercial and governmental payloads, including 2 rovers.
The goal of this firm is to establish a human population on the moon by 2040, but before then it wants to transform one of its modules on the moon as a courier and logistical lunar hub. The aim is to make money by transporting commercial products and research equipment up in space, on behalf of research institutes, private players, and certain government agencies.
ISpace's first trip will test both the technological capabilities it has developed since its creation in 2010 and the trust of its investors. The Japan Times reported that a lot depends on its success, including the possibility of an IPO as early as this fiscal year and a chance to take a larger piece of space tourism and commercial logistics industry, which, Morgan Stanley predicts would triple to $1 trillion in two decades from 2020.
The mission that ISpace Inc., is a part of is called the Hakuto-R lunar exploration programme, which, essentially means "white rabbit" in Japanese, and includes a moon lander mission from the Japanese space and research agency. ISpace plans on launching at least 10 different missions to the moon before they can start construction of their "sorting hub."
One of the biggest costs for private players like ISpace has been the fuel costs associated with a flight to the moon. Space crafts burn up a lot of fuel when taking off, and when landing on the moon's surface. ISpace claims that they have a new way to land on the moon which would significantly reduce the fuel consumed while landing on the moon. This new system uses the moon's gravity for propulsion.
The startup claims that by using the moon's gravity as propulsion, fuel costs can be decreased. The success of ISpace's mission will also be important for Japan's own space programme as the moon once again becomes the centre of global interest.
The launch will take place from Cape Canaveral in Florida, and will use a Falcon 9 rocket constructed by Elon Musk's SpaceX.
Elon Musk details his plan to turn Twitter into a bank
Ethereum supply would have grown by 350,000 tokens under PoW
Facebook's Going Back to Only Using Algorithms to Curate News
The Ultimate Guide To YouTube To MP3 Conversion
25% of Netflix subscribers in the U.S. plan to leave the service this year
Best new TV shows to stream this week on Netflix, HBO Max, and more


text:
True squid are molluscs with an elongated soft body, large eyes, eight arms, and two tentacles in the superorder Decapodiformes, though many other molluscs within the broader Neocoleoidea are also called squid despite not strictly fitting these criteria. Like all other cephalopods, squid have a distinct head, bilateral symmetry, and a mantle. They are mainly soft-bodied, like octopuses, but have a small internal skeleton in the form of a rod-like gladius or pen, made of chitin.

Squid diverged from other cephalopods during the Jurassic and occupy a similar role to teleost fish as open water predators of similar size and behaviour. They play an important role in the open water food web. The two long tentacles are used to grab prey and the eight arms to hold and control it. The beak then cuts the food into suitable size chunks for swallowing. Squid are rapid swimmers, moving by jet propulsion, and largely locate their prey by sight. They are among the most intelligent of invertebrates, with groups of Humboldt squid having been observed hunting cooperatively. They are preyed on by sharks, other fish, sea birds, seals and cetaceans, particularly sperm whales.

Squid can change colour for camouflage and signalling. Some species are bioluminescent, using their light for counter-illumination camouflage, while many species can eject a cloud of ink to distract predators.

Squid are used for human consumption with commercial fisheries in Japan, the Mediterranean, the southwestern Atlantic, the eastern Pacific and elsewhere. They are used in cuisines around the world, often known as "calamari". Squid have featured in literature since classical times, especially in tales of giant squid and sea monsters.

Taxonomy and phylogeny
Squid are members of the class Cephalopoda, subclass Coleoidea. The squid orders Myopsida and Oegopsida are in the superorder Decapodiformes (from the Greek for "ten-legged"). Two other orders of decapodiform cephalopods are also called squid, although they are taxonomically distinct from squids and differ recognizably in their gross anatomical features. They are the bobtail squid of order Sepiolida and the ram's horn squid of the monotypic order Spirulida. The vampire squid (Vampyroteuthis infernalis), however, is more closely related to the octopus than to any squid.

The cladogram, not fully resolved, is based on Sanchez et al., 2018. Their molecular phylogeny used mitochondrial and nuclear DNA marker sequences; they comment that a robust phylogeny "has proven very challenging to obtain". If it is accepted that Sepiidae cuttlefish are a kind of squid, then the squids, excluding the vampire squid, form a clade as illustrated. Orders are shown in boldface; all the families not included in those orders are in the paraphyletic order "Oegopsida", except Sepiadariidae and Sepiidae that are in the paraphyletic order "Sepiida",

Evolution
Crown coleoids (the common ancestor of octopuses and squid) diverged in the late Paleozoic (Mississippian), according to fossils of Syllipsimopodi, an early relative of vampire squids and octopuses. True squid diverged during the Jurassic, but many squid families appeared in or after the Cretaceous. Both the coleoids and the teleost fish were involved in much adaptive radiation at this time, and the two modern groups resemble each other in size, ecology, habitat, morphology and behaviour, however some fish moved into fresh water while the coleoids remained in marine environments.

The ancestral coleoid was probably nautiloid-like with a strait septate shell that became immersed in the mantle and was used for buoyancy control. Four lines diverged from this, Spirulida (with one living member), the cuttlefishes, the squids and the octopuses. Squid have differentiated from the ancestral mollusc such that the body plan has been condensed antero-posteriorly and extended dorso-ventrally. What may have been the foot of the ancestor is modified into a complex set of appendages around the mouth. The sense organs are highly developed and include advanced eyes similar to those of vertebrates.

The ancestral shell has been lost, with only an internal gladius, or pen, remaining. The pen, made of a chitin-like material, is a feather-shaped internal structure that supports the squid's mantle and serves as a site for muscle attachment. The cuttlebone or sepion of the Sepiidae is calcareous and appears to have evolved afresh in the Tertiary.

Description

Squid are soft-bodied molluscs whose forms evolved to adopt an active predatory lifestyle. The head and foot of the squid are at one end of a long body, and this end is functionally anterior, leading the animal as it moves through the water. A set of eight arms and two distinctive tentacles surround the mouth; each appendage takes the form of a muscular hydrostat and is flexible and prehensile, usually bearing disc-like suckers.

The suckers may lie directly on the arm or be stalked. Their rims are stiffened with chitin and may contain minute toothlike denticles. These features, as well as strong musculature, and a small ganglion beneath each sucker to allow individual control, provide a very powerful adhesion to grip prey. Hooks are present on the arms and tentacles in some species, but their function is unclear. The two tentacles are much longer than the arms and are retractile. Suckers are limited to the spatulate tip of the tentacle, known as the manus.

In the mature male, the outer half of one of the left arms is hectocotylised – and ends in a copulatory pad rather than suckers. This is used for depositing a spermatophore inside the mantle cavity of a female. A ventral part of the foot has been converted into a funnel through which water exits the mantle cavity.

The main body mass is enclosed in the mantle, which has a swimming fin along each side. These fins are not the main source of locomotion in most species. The mantle wall is heavily muscled and internal. The visceral mass, which is covered by a thin, membranous epidermis, forms a cone-shaped posterior region known as the "visceral hump". The mollusc shell is reduced to an internal, longitudinal chitinous "pen" in the functionally dorsal part of the animal; the pen acts to stiffen the squid and provides attachments for muscles.

On the functionally ventral part of the body is an opening to the mantle cavity, which contains the gills (ctenidia) and openings from the excretory, digestive and reproductive systems. An inhalant siphon behind the funnel draws water into the mantle cavity via a valve. The squid uses the funnel for locomotion via precise jet propulsion. In this form of locomotion, water is sucked into the mantle cavity and expelled out of the funnel in a fast, strong jet. The direction of travel is varied by the orientation of the funnel. Squid are strong swimmers and certain species can "fly" for short distances out of the water.

Camouflage
Squid make use of different kinds of camouflage, namely active camouflage for background matching (in shallow water) and counter-illumination. This helps to protect them from their predators and allows them to approach their prey.

The skin is covered in controllable chromatophores of different colours, enabling the squid to match its coloration to its surroundings. The play of colours may in addition distract prey from the squid's approaching tentacles. The skin also contains light reflectors called iridophores and leucophores that, when activated, in milliseconds create changeable skin patterns of polarized light. Such skin camouflage may serve various functions, such as communication with nearby squid, prey detection, navigation, and orientation during hunting or seeking shelter. Neural control of the iridophores enabling rapid changes in skin iridescence appears to be regulated by a cholinergic process affecting reflectin proteins.

Some mesopelagic squid such as the firefly squid (Watasenia scintillans) and the midwater squid (Abralia veranyi) use counter-illumination camouflage, generating light to match the downwelling light from the ocean surface. This creates the effect of countershading, making the underside lighter than the upperside.

Counter-illumination is also used by the Hawaiian bobtail squid (Euprymna scolopes), which has symbiotic bacteria (Aliivibrio fischeri) that produce light to help the squid avoid nocturnal predators. This light shines through the squid's skin on its underside and is generated by a large and complex two-lobed light organ inside the squid's mantle cavity. From there, it escapes downwards, some of it travelling directly, some coming off a reflector at the top of the organ (dorsal side). Below there is a kind of iris, which has branches (diverticula) of its ink sac, with a lens below that; both the reflector and lens are derived from mesoderm. The squid controls light production by changing the shape of its iris or adjusting the strength of yellow filters on its underside, which presumably change the balance of wavelengths emitted. Light production shows a correlation with intensity of down-welling light, but it is about one third as bright; the squid can track repeated changes in brightness. Because the Hawaiian bobtail squid hides in sand during the day to avoid predators, it does not use counter-illumination during daylight hours.

Predator distraction with ink

Squid distract attacking predators by ejecting a cloud of ink, giving themselves an opportunity to escape. The ink gland and its associated ink sac empties into the rectum close to the anus, allowing the squid to rapidly discharge black ink into the mantle cavity and surrounding water. The ink is a suspension of melanin particles and quickly disperses to form a dark cloud that obscures the escape manoeuvres of the squid. Predatory fish may also be deterred by the alkaloid nature of the discharge which may interfere with their chemoreceptors.

Nervous system and sense organs

Cephalopods have the most highly developed nervous systems among invertebrates. Squids have a complex brain in the form of a nerve ring encircling the oesophagus, enclosed in a cartilaginous cranium. Paired cerebral ganglia above the oesophagus receive sensory information from the eyes and statocysts, and further ganglia below control the muscles of the mouth, foot, mantle and viscera. Giant axons up to  in diameter convey nerve messages with great rapidity to the circular muscles of the mantle wall, allowing a synchronous, powerful contraction and maximum speed in the jet propulsion system.

The paired eyes, on either side of the head, are housed in capsules fused to the cranium. Their structure is very similar to that of a fish eye, with a globular lens that has a depth of focus from  to infinity. The image is focused by changing the position of the lens, as in a camera or telescope, rather than changing the shape of the lens, as in the human eye. Squid adjust to changes in light intensity by expanding and contracting the slit-shaped pupil. Deep sea squids in the family Histioteuthidae have eyes of two different types and orientation. The large left eye is tubular in shape and looks upwards, presumably searching for the silhouettes of animals higher in the water column. The normally-shaped right eye points forwards and downwards to detect prey.

The statocysts are involved in maintaining balance and are analogous to the inner ear of fish. They are housed in cartilaginous capsules on either side of the cranium. They provide the squid with information on its body position in relation to gravity, its orientation, acceleration and rotation, and are able to perceive incoming vibrations. Without the statocysts, the squid cannot maintain equilibrium. Squid appear to have limited hearing, but the head and arms bear lines of hair-cells that are weakly sensitive to water movements and changes in pressure, and are analogous in function to the lateral line system of fish.

Reproductive system

The sexes are separate in squid, there being a single gonad in the posterior part of the body with fertilisation being external, and usually taking place in the mantle cavity of the female. The male has a testis from which sperm pass into a single gonoduct where they are rolled together into a long bundle, or spermatophore. The gonoduct is elongated into a "penis" that extends into the mantle cavity and through which spermatophores are ejected. In shallow water species, the penis is short, and the spermatophore is removed from the mantle cavity by a tentacle of the male, which is specially adapted for the purpose and known as a hectocotylus, and placed inside the mantle cavity of the female during mating.

The female has a large translucent ovary, situated towards the posterior of the visceral mass. From here, eggs travel along the gonocoel, where there are a pair of white nidamental glands, which lie anterior to the gills. Also present are red-spotted accessory nidamental glands containing symbiotic bacteria; both organs are associated with nutrient manufacture and forming shells for the eggs. The gonocoel enters the mantle cavity at the gonopore, and in some species, receptacles for storing spermatophores are located nearby, in the mantle wall.

In shallow-water species of the continental shelf and epipelagic or mesopelagic zones, it is frequently one or both of arm pair IV of males that are modified into hectocotyli. However, most deep-sea squid lack hectocotyl arms and have longer penises; Ancistrocheiridae and Cranchiinae are exceptions. Giant squid of the genus Architeuthis are unusual in that they possess both a large penis and modified arm tips, although whether the latter are used for spermatophore transfer is uncertain. Penis elongation has been observed in the deep-water species Onykia ingens; when erect, the penis may be as long as the mantle, head, and arms combined. As such, deep-water squid have the greatest known penis length relative to body size of all mobile animals, second in the entire animal kingdom only to certain sessile barnacles.

Digestive system

Like all cephalopods, squids are predators and have complex digestive systems. The mouth is equipped with a sharp, horny beak mainly made of chitin and cross-linked proteins, which is used to kill and tear prey into manageable pieces. The beak is very robust, but does not contain minerals, unlike the teeth and jaws of many other organisms; the cross-linked proteins are histidine- and glycine-rich and give the beak a stiffness and hardness greater than most equivalent synthetic organic materials. The stomachs of captured whales often have indigestible squid beaks inside. The mouth contains the radula, the rough tongue common to all molluscs except bivalvia, which is equipped with multiple rows of teeth. In some species, toxic saliva helps to control large prey; when subdued, the food can be torn in pieces by the beak, moved to the oesophagus by the radula, and swallowed.

The food bolus is moved along the gut by waves of muscular contractions (peristalsis). The long oesophagus leads to a muscular stomach roughly in the middle of the visceral mass. The digestive gland, which is equivalent to a vertebrate liver, diverticulates here, as does the pancreas, and both of these empty into the caecum, a pouch-shaped sac where most of the absorption of nutrients takes place. Indigestible food can be passed directly from the stomach to the rectum where it joins the flow from the caecum and is voided through the anus into the mantle cavity. Cephalopods are short-lived, and in mature squid, priority is given to reproduction; the female Onychoteuthis banksii for example, sheds its feeding tentacles on reaching maturity, and becomes flaccid and weak after spawning.

Cardiovascular and excretory systems
The squid mantle cavity is a seawater-filled sac containing three hearts and other organs supporting circulation, respiration, and excretion. Squid have a main systemic heart that pumps blood around the body as part of the general circulatory system, and two branchial hearts. The systemic heart consists of three chambers, a lower ventricle and two upper atria, all of which can contract to propel the blood. The branchial hearts pump blood specifically to the gills for oxygenation, before returning it to the systemic heart. The blood contains the copper-rich protein hemocyanin, which is used for oxygen transport at low ocean temperatures and low oxygen concentrations, and makes the oxygenated blood a deep, blue color. As systemic blood returns via two vena cavae to the branchial hearts, excretion of urine, carbon dioxide, and waste solutes occurs through outpockets (called nephridial appendages) in the vena cavae walls that enable gas exchange and excretion via the mantle cavity seawater.

Buoyancy

Unlike nautiloids which have gas-filled chambers inside their shells which provide buoyancy, and octopuses which live near and rest on the seabed and do not require to be buoyant, many squid have a fluid-filled receptacle, equivalent to the swim bladder of a fish, in the coelom or connective tissue. This reservoir acts as a chemical buoyancy chamber, with the heavy metallic cations typical of seawater replaced by low molecular-weight ammonium ions, a product of excretion. The small difference in density provides a small contribution to buoyancy per unit volume, so the mechanism requires a large buoyancy chamber to be effective. Since the chamber is filled with liquid, it has the advantage over a swim bladder of not changing significantly in volume with pressure. Glass squids in the family Cranchiidae for example, have an enormous transparent coelom containing ammonium ions and occupying about two-thirds the volume of the animal, allowing it to float at the required depth. About half of the 28 families of squid use this mechanism to solve their buoyancy issues.

Largest and smallest

The majority of squid are no more than  long, although the giant squid may reach . The smallest species are probably the benthic pygmy squids Idiosepius, which grow to a mantle length of , and have short bodies and stubby arms.

In 1978, sharp, curved claws on the suction cups of squid tentacles cut up the rubber coating on the hull of the USS Stein. The size suggested the largest squid known at the time.

In 2003, a large specimen of an abundant but poorly understood species, Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni (the colossal squid), was discovered. This species may grow to  in length, making it the largest invertebrate. In February 2007, a New Zealand fishing vessel caught the largest squid ever documented, weighing  and measuring around  off the coast of Antarctica. Dissection showed that the eyes, used to detect prey in the deep Southern Ocean, exceeded the size of footballs; these may be among the largest eyes ever to exist in the animal kingdom.

Development
The eggs of squid are large for a mollusc, containing a large amount of yolk to nourish the embryo as it develops directly, without an intervening veliger larval stage. The embryo grows as a disc of cells on top of the yolk. During the gastrulation stage, the margins of the disc grow to surround the yolk, forming a yolk sac, which eventually forms part of the animal's gut. The dorsal side of the disc grows upwards and forms the embryo, with a shell gland on its dorsal surface, gills, mantle and eyes. The arms and funnel develop as part of the foot on the ventral side of the disc. The arms later migrate upwards, coming to form a ring around the funnel and mouth. The yolk is gradually absorbed as the embryo grows. Some juvenile squid live higher in the water column than do adults. Squids tend to be short-lived; Loligo for example lives from one to three years according to species, typically dying soon after spawning.

In a well-studied bioluminescent species, the Hawaiian bobtail squid, a special light organ in the squid's mantle is rapidly colonized with Aliivibrio fischeri bacteria within hours of hatching. This light-organ colonization requires this particular bacterial species for a symbiotic relationship; no colonization occurs in the absence of A. fischeri. Colonization occurs in a horizontal manner, such that the hosts acquires its bacterial partners from the environment. The symbiosis is obligate for the squid, but facultative for the bacteria. Once the bacteria enter the squid, they colonize interior epithelial cells in the light organ, living in crypts with complex microvilli protrusions. The bacteria also interact with hemocytes, macrophage-like blood cells that migrate between epithelial cells, but the mechanism and function of this process is not well understood. Bioluminescence reaches its highest levels during the early evening hours and bottoms out before dawn; this occurs because at the end of each day, the contents of the squid's crypts are expelled into the surrounding environment. Approximately 95% of the bacteria are voided each morning before the bacterial population builds up again by nightfall.

Behaviour

Locomotion

Squid can move about in several different ways. Slow movement is achieved by a gentle undulation of the muscular lateral fins on either side of the trunk which drives the animal forward. A more common means of locomotion providing sustained movement is achieved using jetting, during which contraction of the muscular wall of the mantle cavity provides jet propulsion.

Slow jetting is used for ordinary locomotion, and ventilation of the gills is achieved at the same time. The circular muscles in the mantle wall contract; this causes the inhalant valve to close, the exhalant valve to open and the mantle edge to lock tightly around the head. Water is forced out through the funnel which is pointed in the opposite direction to the required direction of travel. The inhalant phase is initiated by the relaxation of the circular muscles causes them to stretch, the connective tissue in the mantle wall recoils elastically, the mantle cavity expands causing the inhalant valve to open, the exhalant valve to close and water to flow into the cavity. This cycle of exhalation and inhalation is repeated to provide continuous locomotion.

Fast jetting is an escape response. In this form of locomotion, radial muscles in the mantle wall are involved as well as circular ones, making it possible to hyper-inflate the mantle cavity with a larger volume of water than during slow jetting. On contraction, water flows out with great force, the funnel always being pointed anteriorly, and travel is backwards. During this means of locomotion, some squid exit the water in a similar way to flying fish, gliding through the air for up to , and occasionally ending up on the decks of ships.

Feeding
Squid are carnivores, and, with their strong arms and suckers, can overwhelm relatively large animals efficiently. Prey is identified by sight or by touch, grabbed by the tentacles which can be shot out with great rapidity, brought back to within reach of the arms, and held by the hooks and suckers on their surface. In some species, the squid's saliva contains toxins which act to subdue the prey. These are injected into its bloodstream when the prey is bitten, along with vasodilators and chemicals to stimulate the heart, and quickly circulate to all parts of its body. The deep sea squid Taningia danae has been filmed releasing blinding flashes of light from large photophores on its arms to illuminate and disorientate potential prey.

Although squid can catch large prey, the mouth is relatively small, and the food must be cut into pieces by the chitinous beak with its powerful muscles before being swallowed. The radula is located in the buccal cavity and has multiple rows of tiny teeth that draw the food backwards and grind it in pieces. The deep sea squid Mastigoteuthis has the whole length of its whip-like tentacles covered with tiny suckers; it probably catches small organisms in the same way that flypaper traps flies. The tentacles of some bathypelagic squids bear photophores which may bring food within its reach by attracting prey.

Squid are among the most intelligent invertebrates. For example, groups of Humboldt squid hunt cooperatively, spiralling up through the water at night and coordinating their vertical and horizontal movements while foraging.

Reproduction

Courtship in squid takes place in the open water and involves the male selecting a female, the female responding, and the transfer by the male of spermatophores to the female. In many instances, the male may display to identify himself to the female and drive off any potential competitors. Elaborate changes in body patterning take place in some species in both agonistic and courtship behaviour. The Caribbean reef squid (Sepioteuthis sepioidea), for example, employs a complex array of colour changes during courtship and social interactions and has a range of about 16 body patterns in its repertoire.

The pair adopt a head-to-head position, and "jaw locking" may take place, in a similar manner to that adopted by some cichlid fish. The heterodactylus of the male is used to transfer the spermatophore and deposit it in the female's mantle cavity in the position appropriate for the species; this may be adjacent to the gonopore or in a seminal receptacle.

The sperm may be used immediately or may be stored. As the eggs pass down the oviduct, they are wrapped in a gelatinous coating, before continuing to the mantle cavity, where they are fertilised. In Loligo, further coatings are added by the nidimental glands in the walls of the cavity and the eggs leave through a funnel formed by the arms. The female attaches them to the substrate in strings or groups, the coating layers swelling and hardening after contact with sea water. Loligo sometimes forms breeding aggregations which may create a "community pile" of egg strings. Some pelagic and deep sea squid do not attach their egg masses, which float freely.

Ecology
Squid mostly have an annual life cycle, growing fast and dying soon after spawning. The diet changes as they grow but mostly consists of large zooplankton and small nekton. In Antarctica for example, krill is the main constituent of the diet, with other food items being amphipods, other small crustaceans, and large arrow worms. Fish are also eaten, and some squid are cannibalistic.

As well as occupying a key role in the food chain, squid are an important prey for predators including sharks, sea birds, seals and whales. Juvenile squid provide part of the diet for worms and small fish. When researchers studied the contents of the stomachs of elephant seals in South Georgia, they found 96% squid by weight. In a single day, a sperm whale can eat 700 to 800 squid, and a Risso's dolphin entangled in a net in the Mediterranean was found to have eaten angel clubhook squid, umbrella squid, reverse jewel squid and European flying squid, all identifiable from their indigestible beaks. Ornithoteuthis volatilis, a common squid from the tropical Indo-Pacific, is predated by yellowfin tuna, longnose lancetfish, common dolphinfish and swordfish, the tiger shark, the scalloped hammerhead shark and the smooth hammerhead shark. Sperm whales also hunt this species extensively as does the brown fur seal. In the Southern Ocean, penguins and wandering albatrosses are major predators of Gonatus antarcticus.

Human uses

In literature and art
Giant squid have featured as monsters of the deep since classical times. Giant squid were described by Aristotle (4th century BC) in his History of Animals and Pliny the Elder (1st century AD) in his Natural History. The Gorgon of Greek mythology may have been inspired by squid or octopus, the animal itself representing the severed head of Medusa, the beak as the protruding tongue and fangs, and its tentacles as the snakes. The six-headed sea monster of the Odyssey, Scylla, may have had a similar origin. The Nordic legend of the kraken may also have derived from sightings of large cephalopods.

In literature, H. G. Wells' short story "The Sea Raiders" featured a man-eating squid species Haploteuthis ferox. The science fiction writer Jules Verne told a tale of a kraken-like monster in his 1870 novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea.

As food

Squid form a major food resource and are used in cuisines around the world, notably in Japan where it is eaten as ika sōmen, sliced into vermicelli-like strips; as sashimi; and as tempura. Three species of Loligo are used in large quantities, L. vulgaris in the Mediterranean (known as Calamar in Spanish, Calamaro in Italian); L. forbesii in the Northeast Atlantic; and L. pealei on the American East Coast. Among the Ommastrephidae, Todarodes pacificus is the main commercial species, harvested in large quantities across the North Pacific in Canada, Japan and China.

In English-speaking countries, squid as food is often called calamari, adopted from Italian into English in the 17th century. Squid are found abundantly in certain areas, and provide large catches for fisheries. The body can be stuffed whole, cut into flat pieces, or sliced into rings. The arms, tentacles, and ink are also edible; the only parts not eaten are the beak and gladius (pen). Squid is a good food source for zinc and manganese, and high in copper, selenium, vitamin B12, and riboflavin.

Commercial fishing
According to the FAO, the cephalopod catch for 2002 was . Of this, 2,189,206 tonnes, or 75.8 percent, was squid. The following table lists squid species fishery catches that exceeded  in 2002.

In biomimicry

Prototype chromatophores that mimic the squid's adaptive camouflage have been made by Bristol University researchers using an electroactive dielectric elastomer, a flexible "smart" material that changes its colour and texture in response to electrical signals. The researchers state that their goal is to create an artificial skin that provides rapid active camouflage.

The squid giant axon inspired Otto Schmitt to develop a comparator circuit with hysteresis now called the Schmitt trigger, replicating the axon's propagation of nerve impulses.

See also
 Paralarva

Notes

References

Sources

External links

 CephBase: Teuthida
 Colossal Squid at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
 Market squid mating, laying eggs (video)
 Scientific American – Giant Squid
 The Cephalopod Page
 The Octopus News Magazine Online

Commercial molluscs
Cenozoic cephalopods
Cretaceous cephalopods
Extant Devonian first appearances
Mollusc common names

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Boozefighter Motorcycle Club (BFMC) was formed by a bunch of guys fresh out of World War II. "Wino" Willie Forkner (deceased 1997) is recongnized to be the founder. They were at the infamous Hollister, California event of July 4, 1947 which has been immortalized by the movie "The Wild One," starring Marlon Brando. Lee Marvin played the part of "Wino."
The term "Boozefighter" does not mean we are against responsible use of alcohol. However, we do forbid the use of non-prescriptiondrugs, or any form of illegal activity.
The Boozefighters have never been "one-percenters" or an Outlaw Club. We believe in respecting the rights of all motorcycle clubs in a peaceful, co-existent manner, and of all members ofthecommunity. We believe in freedom of choice and freedom of the road.
The BFMC supports various fundraisers like the Tarrant County Toy Run (Texas) that benefits children with the Mental Health Retardation Society and Wish with Wings, Inc who provides presents for children impacted by debilatate disease.
The BFMC is one of the oldest active motorcycle clubs in existence. There are chapters across the United States Europe end Asia. A truly international organization. It is this rich history that is being preserved in the spirit of fellowship and good fun.
It was 1946 when an individual named Willie Forkner crashed through a fence during a race in El Cajon, California and joined in the fun. The club he was in did not find it funny so they kicked him out.
Well Willie took it in stride and went about finding other outcast veterans who found life back in the States overwhelmingly dull. He didn't have to look long or far. Fatboy Nelson, Dink Burns, George Menker and more than a few others were ready for a change in some of the formalities of the clubs at the time.
It is said that the club was actually formed at the All American Bar, in the blue-collar town of South Gate in Los Angeles. A fitting name for a group that consisted of many Veterans of the great War, they had been there, done that so to speak and the quiet life just wasn't in them.
So "Wino" Willie Fokner joined these men together and formed "The Boozefighters" (BFMC). The group pushed the limits of their bikes and themselves, racing to extreme speeds and pushing the danger envelope. As the group's name suggests, you can be sure there was no lack of the forbidden fruits of hops, barley, and wine. This combination of speed and liquor helped the Boozefighters obtain a less than desirable reputation with the common folk.
The media took that reputation to the next level when the BFMC attended the infamous Hollister, CA Fourth of July party of 1947. The party got out of hand when some juiced up members of the BFMC were arrested for drinking and street racing.
That incident provided much of the inspiration for the film The Wild Ones, which starred Marlon Brando. In fact, Wino Willie was believed to be the inspiration for "Chino," Lee Marvin's character in the film. Together the Hollister "riot" and the film jump started the outlaw motorcycle club scene.


Back in August 2017 Vicky wrote an Insight blog on her visit to the Dans Le Noir restaurant – VIDA Insight Number 19 - Celebrating at Dans Le Noir. Well, back in July this year, I (Dave) visited the same restaurant in London (http://london.danslenoir.com/en/home/) with my family and thought that I should share my experience of the evening.
Unlike Vicky booking the private function room (Vicky – well it was for my husband's 50th birthday!!), we booked a table in the main restaurant for our party of 8. Overcoming train cancellations and delays, we managed to arrive in good time and were greeted by the front of house team. We went through our menu choices, confirming whether we were having the Red (meat), Green (vegetarian), Blue (fish) or White (chef's surprise) menu and had our drinks order taken that would be later served to our table.
We were then introduced to Trevor, one of the restaurant's blind waiters, who was to be our waiter for the evening. We all followed Trevor line astern (one behind the other) with our right hands holding on to the shoulder of the person in front. We went along a narrow corridor, through several thick blackout curtains before entering in to the restaurant. As with Vicky's experience, the room was in complete darkness and I was told by my dad that he couldn't see his hand in front of his face. My son spotted a very small red light which we assumed was a CCTV or smoke detector but this light didn't help with seeing!
We were seated 1 by 1 by Trevor. He took our names at this point and I was most impressed that he remembered them for the rest of the evening. He described the table to us and informed us where we would find our cutlery, glass and a bottle of water to share. He later served our drinks order, providing us with a glass with drink in it or, in my case, an empty glass and a bottle of cider that I had to pour myself.
Interestingly for me, the room didn't feel dark; in fact I continued to have the stars and flashing lights that I usually have, with these remaining with me throughout the evening. Thinking and talking about the experience with Kelly (my wife) afterwards, I was disappointed that I didn't get some time off of having the flashes and flickering… it would have been quite calming if I had!
What did become apparent as the evening went on was my dad getting quieter and quieter. I managed to swap seats after the main course so that I could sit next to him and found out that he was struggling, due to his hearing loss, to follow the conversation. He told me that it made him really appreciate what it must be like for me living with little sight all the time.
As for the food, we all had a 2 course meal and I had the red (meat) menu. My meal was split in to 3 small portions and I thought that this consisted of some steak, some duck and another meat that I couldn't place. The dessert was moussey with a fruit sauce but I didn't know what it was.
After the meal, we were all lead out of the restaurant to the reception area where we were shown photographs of the meal and told what we had eaten. I can share this with you all now as they were changing their menus in September… we actually had sirloin steak, a wild boar pie and guinea fowl. The dessert was a deconstructed trifle (nothing like the sherry trifles my nan used to make!).
Overall it was a great experience and I'm really pleased that we went. I'm sure that I'll visit again at some point and would recommend this restaurant as a place to visit for something a bit different.


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Q: Save  contents to variable in jquery I need to save the content of the following code:
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What I want, in jQuery, is to take the html that is in "src = info / info_template" and save it in a variable, either in HTML or in text, I do not care.
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A: You can access the value of src using jQuery's .attr() method.
Here's a fiddle.

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