What does ES1 refer to in this picture?
ES1 is the Bloomberg symbol for the CME E-mini S&P 500 front-month continuous contract.  ES2, ES3, etc. will likewise yield the 2nd and 3rd months.  Which exact futures contract this symbol refers to will change about once a month. That looks like a Bloomberg terminal. And like @Jer said, it would appear to be the symbol for the S&P 500 E-mini index future. Although it doesn't look right all on its own, as it should have a modifier indicating the month (or quarter) of expiry. However, since it appears on a Bloomberg terminal in the image, I checked a source for Bloomberg Symbol Lists and found one of two possibilities for ES1. It is most likely the S&P 500 e-mini future: CME E-Mini Futures  E-Mini S&P 500    ES1 INDEX the only alternative was LIFFE 3 Month Euroswiss   ES1 COMDTY I think the former is far more likely, as the latter has the COMDTY commodity tag instead of INDEX as the tag in the image. Also, it isn't the ESI which pertains to Ethibel Sustainability Indices and something with the Eurozone (also Bloomberg Indices). Here we go! Excerpt straight is from a presentation presentation on charting from a business school PDF see pp.12-13, and appears to be a straight excerpt from September 2007 Bloomberg documentation. I didn't know any other way to imbed it besides taking a screen shot then uploading to imgur. Or of course, see pp.12-13 in the referenced PDF I've attached.  See That looks very much like an S&P 500 E-Mini index future.  However, ES1 is a strange symbol.  Futures have the month of expiry encoded in their symbol as well:  http://commodities.about.com/od/understandingthebasics/ss/futurescontract_3.htm For example, the September 2011 future in this series would be ESU1. I'm not very familiar with Bloomberg so perhaps this is the front contract (i.e. the one that's closest to expiry (in the is case the September 2011 one)). Only problem is that prices don't exactly match what CME has (high of 1190 and low of 1186.25, for when this page gets out of date):  http://www.cmegroup.com/trading/equity-index/us-index/e-mini-sandp500.html  - but they are so close I suspect it must be some sort of S&P 500 index future.
"Using your example link, I found the corresponding chart for a stock that trades on London Stock Exchange: https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/echarts?s=RIO.L#symbol=RIO.L;range=1d As you can see there, the chart runs from ~8:00am to ~4:30pm, and as I write this post it is only 2:14pm Eastern Time.  So clearly this foreign chart is using a foreign time zone.  And as you can see from this Wikipedia page, those hours are exactly the London Stock Exchange's hours. Additionally, the closing price listed above the graph has a timestamp of ""11:35AM EST"", meaning that the rightmost timestamp in the graph (~4:30pm) is equal to 11:35AM EST.  16:30 - 11:30 = 5 hours = difference between London and New York at this time of year. So those are two data points showing that Yahoo uses the exchange's native time zone when displaying these charts." I'm a bot, *bleep*, *bloop*. Someone has linked to this thread from another place on reddit:  - [/r/anarcho_capitalism] [Where does these people even come from?](https://np.reddit.com/r/Anarcho_Capitalism/comments/6hpq5g/where_does_these_people_even_come_from/)  [](#footer)*^(If you follow any of the above links, please respect the rules of reddit and don't vote in the other threads.) ^\([Info](/r/TotesMessenger) ^/ ^[Contact](/message/compose?to=/r/TotesMessenger))*  [](#bot) "What our friend ""otherwiseyep"" is describing in his first posts is *credit*, not money.  Money and credit are two very different things.  Economies function on capital, which is existing savings and supply of goods/services.  They cannot function on promises alone (credit).  So from the perspective of Austrian economists, his OP's were misleading." &gt;UPDATE II: Thanks to @world_first for spotting that the Drachma has now *been taken **of** Bloomberg*.  I see this on reddit on every comment page. Often, multiple times. Is this some new non-standard version of English? Or does the author not even know what he's writing? [Original Source](https://xkcd.com/386/)  [Mobile](https://m.xkcd.com/386/)  **Title:** Duty Calls  **Title-text:** What do you want me to do?  LEAVE?  Then they'll keep being wrong\!  [Comic Explanation](https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php/386#Explanation)  **Stats:** This comic has been referenced 4361 times, representing 2.6770% of referenced xkcds.  --- ^[xkcd.com](https://www.xkcd.com) ^| ^[xkcd sub](https://www.reddit.com/r/xkcd/) ^| ^[Problems/Bugs?](https://www.reddit.com/r/xkcd_transcriber/) ^| ^[Statistics](http://xkcdref.info/statistics/) ^| ^[Stop Replying](https://reddit.com/message/compose/?to=xkcd_transcriber&amp;subject=ignore%20me&amp;message=ignore%20me) ^| ^[Delete](https://reddit.com/message/compose/?to=xkcd_transcriber&amp;subject=delete&amp;message=delete%20t1_dk5xtt7) http://www.dewithpallets.nl/europallets-inleveren  Eenmalige Pallets,Houten Pallets,Wegwerppallets,Europallets Kopen,Pallet  EPAL is het Europese statiegeld systeem voor Europallets. De EPAL normering is opgezet om de kwaliteit, afmetingen en eisen aan een europallet vast te leggen. Zo zijn er reparatienormen en productienormen voor europallets. Deze eisen zijn vastgelegd door Nederpal en internationaal door EPAL. "In the article itself, it's stated:  *""Yale University, where we work, has a de minimis exposure to IEX through an investment by one of the university’s external managers.""*  I mean, that's pretty straightforward to me.  I promise you that Yale is also indirectly invested in every single public exchange out there." Pretty insightful post. Never thought that it was this simple after all. I had spent a good deal of my time looking for someone to explain this subject clearly and you’re the only one that ever did that. Keep it up. &gt; Women have to be represented in the global economy or it'll cost the world a shit ton of $ later on.  Demonstrate how women are NOT represented in the global economy, and how this lack of representation will cost the world money later.  &gt; There's a bunch of underbanked women around the world due to laws and Everex allows them to get microloans and/or execute deals in a micro finance fashion.  Great for Everex, but I can't help but notice the practice is a bit discriminatory against men, is it not? Here is a list of threads in other subreddits about the same content:   * [United Nations of Debt: Visualizing $63 Trillion in Global Debt by Country](https://www.reddit.com/r/Economics/comments/79o6jh/united_nations_of_debt_visualizing_63_trillion_in/) on /r/Economics with 1 karma (created at 2017-10-30 22:48:32 by /u/InvisibleTextArea)  ----   ^^I ^^am ^^a ^^bot  ^^[FAQ](https://www.reddit.com/r/DuplicatesBot/wiki/index)-[Code](https://github.com/PokestarFan/DuplicateBot)-[Bugs](https://www.reddit.com/r/DuplicatesBot/comments/6ypgmx/bugs_and_problems/)-[Suggestions](https://www.reddit.com/r/DuplicatesBot/comments/6ypg85/suggestion_for_duplicatesbot/)-[Block](https://www.reddit.com/r/DuplicatesBot/wiki/index#wiki_block_bot_from_tagging_on_your_posts)  ^^Now ^^you ^^can ^^remove ^^the ^^comment ^^by ^^replying ^^delete! "What a great explanation! I was familiar with many of the concepts, but I've learnt quite a lot. Do you happen to know any sources for further reading that are just as understandable to a non-economist? And/Or would you mind continuing / expanding this into whichever direction you find worth exploring? I would love to see this explanation ""connected"" to the debt crisis and how/why the US and europe seem to be in different situations there. Maybe that would be too complex to explain in more detail using your model, but maybe it is possible..?" Here is a list of threads in other subreddits about the same content:   * [Is there a Rawlsian argument for redistribution as a form of social insurance?](https://www.reddit.com/r/Economics/comments/71wxwh/is_there_a_rawlsian_argument_for_redistribution/) on /r/Economics with 4 karma (created at 2017-09-23 11:22:23 by /u/jenpalex)  ----   ^^I ^^am ^^a ^^bot  ^^[FAQ](https://www.reddit.com/r/DuplicatesBot/wiki/index)-[Code](https://github.com/PokestarFan/DuplicateBot)-[Bugs](https://www.reddit.com/r/DuplicatesBot/comments/6ypgmx/bugs_and_problems/)-[Suggestions](https://www.reddit.com/r/DuplicatesBot/comments/6ypg85/suggestion_for_duplicatesbot/)-[Block](https://www.reddit.com/r/DuplicatesBot/wiki/index#wiki_block_bot_from_tagging_on_your_posts)  ^^Now ^^you ^^can ^^remove ^^the ^^comment ^^by ^^replying ^^delete! &gt; No, by any means! In certain countries, women don't have the same privileges as men when it comes to their finances. Everex allows them to enter into the digital economy allowing them to bank in a way.  The best way of fixing that issue is by combatting the cultural and religious source of that inequality. Simply providing access could be dangerous for these women if they're discovered. "Translation : Funds managers that use traditionnal methods to select stocks will have less success than those who use artificial intelligence and computer programs to select stocks.  Meaning : The use of computer programs and artificial intelligence is THE way to go for hedge fund managers in the future because they give better results.  ""No man is better than a machine, but no machine is better than a man with a machine."" Alternative article : Hedge-fund firms, Wall Street Journal. A little humour : ""Whatever is well conceived is clearly said, And the words to say it flow with ease."" wrote Nicolas Boileau in 1674." "&gt; Though I'd counter that if your goal is to manipulate economic exchanges between individuals with the intention of guiding the economy at large to a specific desired outcome, I think that capitalism is not the economic system for you :P   Touche :)   I will say that, to your point, I have come to believe that there are two forces at odds that are required for a robust and long lived prosperous society:  1.  A capitalist system that encourages innovation through competition and  2.  A government to check the inevitable concentration of wealth that capitalism naturally trends toward.  They most effective ways for a government to check that concentration is through a progressive tax system, and a check on the power that the concentration of wealth creates (eg: forcing employers to pay a living wage instead of using a bully pulpit to extract the maximum effort for the lowest possible cost, as shown by the ""robber barons"" etc of the 1900s).  Either way, I'll admit that I am not talking about pure capitalism.  However, like the philosopher Georg Hegel theorized, all ideas go through a process of thesis (the first idea: aka capitalism), antithesis (the countering idea: in this case socialism), and then synthesis (the resulting compromise).  The synthesis then becomes the new thesis for the system to further evolve upon.  It's time for American capitalism to evolve."