Who gave the formal recommendation to recognize Cosimo I of Florence, the second duke, after he defeated a hastily organized army of those wishing to restore the Republic of Florence?
Battle of Montemurlo:  The victory led to the decision of Emperor Charles V to formally recognize Cosimo as Duke of Florence on 30 September 1537. Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany: Cosimo I de' Medici (12 June 1519 – 21 April 1574) was the second Duke of Florence from 1537 until 1569, when he became the first Grand Duke of Tuscany.
i don't know