In what year was the physicist who introduced the 't Hooft operator born?
't Hooft operator: In theoretical physics, a 't Hooft operator, introduced by Gerard 't Hooft in the 1978 paper "On the phase transition towards permanent quark confinement", is a dual version of the Wilson loop in which the electromagnetic potential "A" is replaced by its electromagnetic dual "A", where the exterior derivative of "A" is equal to the Hodge dual of the exterior derivative of "A". Gerard 't Hooft: Gerardus (Gerard) 't Hooft (] ; born July 5, 1946) is a Dutch theoretical physicist and professor at Utrecht University, the Netherlands.
i don't know