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November 9, 2013 6:15 PM

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 SANTA ROSA (CBS SF) — Hundreds of protesters gathered in Santa Rosa and in cities throughout the Bay Area and the state Saturday to protest the police killing of 13-year-old Andy Lopez in Sonoma County last month as well as what they say is an epidemic of police brutality.

 The protests in Santa Rosa, San Francisco, Oakland, Sacramento Los Angeles and elsewhere were part of a “National Day of Action for Andy Lopez” organized by the Answer Coalition and the California Statewide Coalition Against Police Brutality.

 Andy was walking and holding a toy AK-47 rifle in rural Sonoma County the afternoon of Oct. 22 when county sheriff’s deputies on patrol in the area spotted him and yelled for him to drop the weapon, according to the sheriff’s office.

 When the boy turned toward the deputies, Deputy Erick Gelhaus, 48, shot him seven times, according to authorities.

 Andy’s family has filed a civil rights lawsuit against Gelhaus and the county.

 The killing has sparked outrage within the community, state and nationwide, with many decrying the incident as a tragic example of police brutality that protesters say often targets low-income black and Latino citizens.

 “We are heartbroken and outraged that Andy Lopez was murdered by Erick Gelhaus of the Sonoma County Sheriff’s Department,” said Christina Arechiga, an organizer with the California Statewide Coalition Against Police Brutality. “We demand police terror on American citizens stop immediately. We demand Justice for Andy Lopez, his family and his community.”

 During Saturday’s protest in Santa Rosa, volunteers were in the process stories from attendees about their own experiences with police brutality, Arechiga said.

 “A lot of people are afraid to come forward, but in light of the Lopez family’s courage and these community gatherings, there’s a lot of stories being told,” said Arechiga, whose cousin Ernest Duenez, Jr. was shot and killed by a police officer in Manteca two years ago.

 In Oakland Saturday afternoon, more than 100 protesters took part in the national day of action, marching from the Fruitvale BART station to the Alameda County Sheriff’s Office, said Answer Coalition organizer Michelle Schudel.

 Schudel said people came from throughout the East Bay to protest Andy’s killing and to stand in solidarity with his family and others who have lost loved ones to police fire.

 She said the killing is similar to what people “have to deal with in Oakland and in San Francisco, where police are brutalizing and targeting our families, our communities for being African American or Latino.”

 Organizers said more than 100 protesters gathered for about an hour Saturday afternoon at the 24th and Mission BART station in San Francisco to speak out against Andy’s death.

 (Copyright 2013 by CBS San Francisco and Bay City News Service. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.) ||||| No criminal charges will be filed against a Sonoma County sheriff's deputy who shot and killed 13-year-old Andy Lopez last year as the boy walked down the street carrying an airsoft BB gun that resembled an AK-47 rifle, District Attorney Jill Ravitch announced Monday. Calling the Oct. 22 shooting and community upheaval that has followed a “painful, painful chapter in the history of Sonoma County,” Ravitch said her office found that Deputy Erick Gelhaus acted within the law when he shot Lopez. “While this was absolutely a tragedy, it was not a criminal act,” Ravitch said. Andy Lopez Shooting Decision Lisbet Mendoza, 16, left, helps Jeremy Mendoza, 6, center and Anthony Mendoza, 4, use the megaphone to protest outside of where Sonoma County D.A. Jill Ravitch held a press conference at the Permit and Resources Management Department in response to the Andy Lopez decision Monday, July 7, 2014. (Christopher Chung/The Press Democrat) Jill Ravitch, Sonoma County District Attorney, will not file criminal charges against a sheriff's deputy who shot and killed 13-year-old Andy Lopez, Monday July 7, 2014 announced during a press conference at the Permit and Resource s Management Department at the county center in Santa Rosa. The photos show what Lopez was carrying, at top left, what a new gun looks like at bottom left with orange tip, at right shows a real AK 47 top, and the Lopez gun, bottom. (Kent Porter / Press Democrat) Jill Ravitch, Sonoma County District Attorney, will not file criminal charges against a sheriff's deputy who shot and killed 13-year-old Andy Lopez, Monday July 7, 2014 announced during a press conference at the Permit and Resource s Management Department at the county center in Santa Rosa. (Kent Porter / Press Democrat) Sonoma County D.A. Jill Ravitch held a press conference at the Permit and Resources Management Department in response to the Andy Lopez decision Monday, July 7, 2014. (KENT PORTER/ PD) Sonoma County D.A. Jill Ravitch held a press conference at the Permit and Resources Management Department in response to the Andy Lopez decision Monday, July 7, 2014. (CRISTA JEREMIASON/ PD ) Sonoma County D.A. Jill Ravitch held a press conference at the Permit and Resources Management Department in response to the Andy Lopez decision Monday, July 7, 2014. (CRISTA JEREMIASON/ PD ) Sonoma County D.A. Jill Ravitch held a press conference at the Permit and Resources Management Department in response to the Andy Lopez decision Monday, July 7, 2014. (KENT PORTER/ PD ) Sonoma County D.A. Jill Ravitch held a press conference at the Permit and Resources Management Department in response to the Andy Lopez decision Monday, July 7, 2014. (KENT PORTER/ PD ) Sonoma County D.A. Jill Ravitch held a press conference at the Permit and Resources Management Department in response to the Andy Lopez decision Monday, July 7, 2014. (KENT PORTER/ PD ) Sonoma County D.A. Jill Ravitch held a press conference at the Permit and Resources Management Department in response to the Andy Lopez decision on Monday, July 7, 2014. (KENT PORTER/ PD ) Deputy Rob Dillion secures barricades around the Sonoma County Sheriff's Office in Santa Rosa, on Monday, July 7, 2014, before a press conference announcing the decision on the Andy Lopez shooting case. (BETH SCHLANKER / PD ) Pat Moffit, a community service officer with the Sonoma County Sheriff's Office, uses zip ties to secure barricades around the Sonoma County Sheriff's Office in Santa Rosa, on Monday, July 7, 2014. (BETH SCHLANKER / PD ) Alicia Roman holds signs in protest outside of where Sonoma County D.A. Jill Ravitch held a press conference at the Permit and Resources Management Department in response to the Andy Lopez decision Monday, July 7, 2014. (Christopher Chung/The Press Democrat) Lisbet Mendoza, 16, uses the megaphone to protest outside of where district attorney Jill Ravitch held a press conference at the Permit and Resources Management Department in response to the Andy Lopez decision Monday, July 7, 2014. (Christopher Chung/The Press Democrat) Liz Cozine protests outside of where Sonoma County D.A. Jill Ravitch held a press conference at the Permit and Resources Management Department in response to the Andy Lopez decision Monday, July 7, 2014. (Christopher Chung/The Press Democrat) Carla Greenman, front, is joined by other protestors outside of a press conference where Sonoma County D.A. Jill Ravitch held a talks about her decision at the Permit and Resources Management Department in response to the Andy Lopez decision Monday, July 7, 2014. (Christopher Chung/The Press Democrat) Protestors voice their opinions while Sonoma County D.A. Jill Ravitch held a press conference at the Permit and Resources Management Department in response to the Andy Lopez decision Monday, July 7, 2014. (Christopher Chung/The Press Democrat) Alicia Roman holds signs in protest outside of where Sonoma County D.A. Jill Ravitch held a press conference at the Permit and Resources Management Department in response to the Andy Lopez decision Monday, July 7, 2014. (Christopher Chung/The Press Democrat) Alicia Roman holds a sign during a gathering at the Dollar Tree parking lot in response to the news that the Sonoma County District Attorney's Office will not file criminal charges against Sheriff's Deputy Erick Gelhaus who shot and killed 13-year-old Andy Lopez. Photo taken in Santa Rosa, on Monday, July 7, 2014. (BETH SCHLANKER/ The Press Democrat) Nadine Miranda makes a sign before a protest at the Dollar Tree parking lot in response to the news that the Sonoma County District Attorney's Office will not file criminal charges against Sheriff's Deputy Erick Gelhaus who shot and killed 13-year-old Andy Lopez. Photo taken in Santa Rosa, on Monday, July 7, 2014. (BETH SCHLANKER/ The Press Democrat) Rafael Kadaris and Maya Malika of the Revolution Club make a sign before a protest at the Dollar Tree parking lot in response to the news that the Sonoma County District Attorney's Office will not file criminal charges against Sheriff's Deputy Erick Gelhaus who shot and killed 13-year-old Andy Lopez. Photo taken in Santa Rosa, on Monday, July 7, 2014. (BETH SCHLANKER/ The Press Democrat) Carla Greenan protests the the news that the Sonoma County District Attorney's Office will not file criminal charges against Sheriff's Deputy Erick Gelhaus who shot and killed 13-year-old Andy Lopez. Photo taken in Santa Rosa, on Monday, July 7, 2014. (BETH SCHLANKER/ The Press Democrat) Anthony Mendoza, 4, punches an effigy of Sheriff's Deputy Erick Gelhaus during a gathering at the Dollar Tree parking lot in response to the news that the Sonoma County District Attorney's Office will not file criminal charges against Sheriff's Deputy Erick Gelhaus who shot and killed 13-year-old Andy Lopez. Photo taken in Santa Rosa, on Monday, July 7, 2014. (BETH SCHLANKER/ The Press Democrat) Carla Ortiz, left, and Angela Ortiz protest along Hearn Avenue after District Attorney Jill Ravitch announced that no criminal charges will be filed against Deputy Erick Gelhaus who shot and killed 13-year-old Andy Lopez, in Santa Rosa on Monday, July 7, 2014. (Conner Jay/The Press Democrat) Aaliyah Mendoza, left, and Stevie Thompson, right, hold white crosses in remembrance of Andy Lopez as protestors march by their home along Moorland Avenue in Santa Rosa on Monday, July 7, 2014. Protesters were out after District Attorney Jill Ravitch announced that no criminal charges will be filed against Deputy Erick Gelhaus, who shot and killed 13-year-old Andy Lopez. (Conner Jay / The Press Democrat) Nicole Guerra begins to cry as she speaks to the media during protests along Moorland Avenue after District Attorney Jill Ravitch announced that no criminal charges will be filed against Deputy Erick Gelhaus, who shot and killed 13-year-old Andy Lopez, in Santa Rosa on Monday, July 7, 2014. (Conner Jay/The Press Democrat) Maya Malika, center, protests along Dutton Avenue after District Attorney Jill Ravitch announced that no criminal charges will be filed against Deputy Erick Gelhaus, who shot and killed 13-year-old Andy Lopez in Santa Rosa on Monday, July 7, 2014. (Conner Jay/The Press Democrat) Gina Klemen protests along Moorland Avenue after District Attorney Jill Ravitch announced that no criminal charges will be filed against Deputy Erick Gelhaus, who shot and killed 13-year-old Andy Lopez, in Santa Rosa on Monday, July 7, 2014. (Conner Jay/The Press Democrat) Martin Hamilton holds a sign asking to indict Sheriff Deputy Erick Gelhaus during a protest along Dutton Avenue in Santa Rosa on Monday, July 7, 2014. Protesters were out after District Attorney Jill Ravitch announced that no criminal charges will be filed against Deputy Erick Gelhaus, who shot and killed 13-year-old Andy Lopez. (Conner Jay/The Press Democrat) X In announcing her decision, Ravitch released a 52-page summary of her findings that includes several new details about the shooting, including that Lopez was likely high on marijuana at the time he was killed. Blood samples taken from Lopez's body during the autopsy revealed significant levels of THC, the psychoactive compound in marijuana, according to the report. The levels were consistent with Lopez smoking marijuana 60 to 75 minutes prior to his death, according to Dr. Reese Jones, a specialist hired by the District Attorney's Office to review the findings. Lopez also had a joint and a bottle of Visine on his body at the time he was killed, according to the report. The THC levels in Lopez's system likely affected his behavior that day, Jones said. “Cognitive and behavioral effects that typically follow marijuana use would likely have been present to a significant degree during the interval following,” Jones wrote, according to the report. A 13-year-old boy high on marijuana would likely have had suffered “impaired judgment, slowed decision making and increased mental processing time,” the report found, “particularly when having to deal with performance of a sudden, unanticipated tasks, including decisions that needed to be quickly responded to.” View as one page 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 Next

 (page 2 of 7) The new information provides potentially important context for the day of the shooting and may help explain why Lopez did not initially drop the gun when ordered and instead turned toward officers. Gelhaus, a 24-year Sonoma County deputy and Iraq War veteran, told Santa Rosa police investigating the shooting that he thought Lopez was carrying a real assault rifle when he ordered the boy to drop the gun. Lopez did not drop the gun and instead began to turn, the barrel of the airsoft gun rising as he pivoted, according to police. The deputy fired eight rounds, striking him seven times. Investigators determined Gelhaus feared for his life and prosecutors concluded his response — including the number of shots he fired, in a span of several seconds — was reasonable, Ravitch said. She noted that Gelhaus's weapon holds 18 rounds and can fire eight rounds in two seconds. “The evidence establishes that while in the lawful performance of his duties, Deputy Gelhaus was faced with a highly unpredictable and rapidly evolving situation,” Ravitch said. “Given his training and experience, he believed honestly and reasonably that he was faced with a do-or-die dilemma.” His options were to wait for Lopez to fire what he believed to be a deadly weapon at him and his partner, or to fire at Lopez “when the threat was turned toward him,” Ravitch said. “Here the implementation of lethal force was a reasonable response under the circumstances according to all the evidence that we have reviewed,” she said. The announcement was met with outrage outside the 2 p.m. press conference at the county government administration complex, where protesters denounced Ravitch's decision and vowed to press for justice for Lopez. One carried a sign that read simply “Shame.” Jonathan Melrod, an attorney and one of the most vocal activists, said Ravitch's decision was based on “patent lies.” View as one page Prev 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 Next

 (page 3 of 7) He described Lopez as “a boy with a toy gun who did not pose a threat to anyone, to the deputy, to the neighborhood. He was a kid!” Melrod screamed into a scrum of television cameras. “That is an injustice that cannot be permitted!” He and others who have called for Gelhaus' prosecution said the shooting was a consequence of the wider militarization of the nation's police departments. “The police feel that we the community are their enemy,” Melrod said. “They police us as though they are still in Iraq or Afghanistan.” Melrod later said he had been unaware that Lopez had marijuana in his system until informed by a reporter. He said the focus on marijuana in the report was a “transparent attempt” to deflect blame away from “the sheriff's deputy who pulled the trigger and to place it on Andy Lopez.” “Let's assume there was THC. Does that justify executing Andy?” said Melrod, who questioned why Ravitch waited until now to raise the issue. Nicole Guerra, who said her son Antonio was one of Lopez's best friends, called the idea that Gelhaus didn't commit a crime “ridiculous.” “These kids now have to walk around in fear because they know these cops can get away with murder,” Guerra said. Activists gathered in Roseland Monday afternoon and evening for a march to the Moorland Avenue location where Lopez was killed. They planned a rally for 1 p.m. Tuesday in Old Courthouse Square. The decision comes eight months after the fatal encounter on the outskirts of southwest Santa Rosa. Word of the decision spread quickly after Ravitch's office sent out an email announcing the news conference Monday and mistakenly attached a press release detailing her decision. About 12 p.m., Arnoldo Casillas, the Lopez family's attorney, said he received a personal phone call from Ravitch informing him of her decision. “The family and my office are greatly disappointed with the decision,” Casillas said. “If there was ever a case where charges were warranted, it was this one.” View as one page Prev 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 Next

 (page 4 of 7) Casillas said the decision would allow the family's federal civil rights lawsuit against Gelhaus and the county to go forward. The suit accuses the deputy of acting recklessly and seeks unspecified damages. Sonoma County Sheriff Steve Freitas said that the district attorney's conclusion mirrored his office's internal investigation into the shooting. He said he is “absolutely confident that it was a thorough investigation, fair and impartial.” “In this case I think the evidence shows both deputies absolutely believed they were faced with a real AK-47,” Freitas said. The other deputy on patrol with Gelhaus, Michael Schemmel, an eight-year veteran with the Marin County Sheriff's Office who was hired by Sonoma County in September, did not fire his weapon. Gelhaus, a firearms instructor who returned to work Dec. 10, has been on duty in the department's armory and not on patrol in the community. Freitas said his commanders will talk with Gelhaus and make a decision about whether his assignment will change. Gelhaus' safety will be a factor in that decision, he said. Gelhaus' attorney Terry Leoni said she was notified at about 11 a.m. Monday that her client will not face criminal charges. She called Gelhaus, who is out of the area on a prescheduled vacation, and said he was “very relieved.” “This has been an extremely difficult time for Erick. He has certainly grieved for the Lopez family,” Leoni said. “It hasn't been easy for him in terms of the media and public scrutiny but also for the loss of this child.” Leoni said that she and her client had been “in the dark” throughout much of the investigation, although they cooperated by providing statements and information when needed. “You're always concerned whether the charging agency or District Attorney's Office is going to make the right choice, look at the law, apply the facts of the law,” Leoni said. “There's always a concern that they will be swayed by the political aspects or mob mentality. We are glad the District Attorney's Office took (its) time.” View as one page Prev 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 Next

 (page 5 of 7) Santa Rosa Police Chief Hank Schreeder said that his officers didn't recommend an outcome when they handed their investigation to the District Attorney's Office on Jan. 29. “The District Attorney has to decide on the points of law. We are just the fact finders,” Schreeder said. Ravitch, who has faced criticism over the length of her inquiry, called her review of the police investigation into the shooting “exhaustive and thorough,” resulting in reports that totaled more than 1,000 pages. District Attorney investigators responded to the scene Oct. 22 and worked alongside Santa Rosa police called in to investigate, with assistance from Petaluma police. Ravitch said she assigned an attorney and an investigator who both have significant homicide experience to conduct her office's review and ensure any additional investigative steps took place. She said she chose people who don't have longstanding ties to Sonoma County law enforcement to ensure neutrality. The bulk of their work began after receiving the Santa Rosa Police Department's report on the shooting. That report included interviews with about 200 witnesses, 200 hours of recorded interviews and 175 items of evidence, among other materials, Ravitch told reporters at the press conference Monday. The investigative team re-interviewed witnesses and spoke with a pathologist hired by the Lopez family who conducted an additional autopsy. They also consulted with numerous outside sources, including people with expertise in how people perform in high-stress encounters, and an weapons expert who estimated it would take two seconds to fire eight rounds with the type of gun Gelhaus used. The office even hired a company to do a 3D analysis of the trajectory of the eight shots Gelhaus fired. It concluded that the first shot likely missed Lopez, hitting a home behind him. The next one likely struck him in the upper left arm as he was “directly facing” the deputy, the report found. The remaining six shots probably hit him as he was turning, falling down or had hit the ground, the report found. A total of 19 seconds elapsed from the time of the initial call for backup to the time “shots fired” was first reported to dispatchers, Ravitch said. View as one page Prev 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 Next

 (page 6 of 7) Schemmel, a trainee who was at the wheel of the patrol car, was still getting into a defensive position when Gelhaus fired his weapon from behind an open passenger-side door, the report stated. Ravitch said she released a synopsis of the shooting inquiry to address public concerns about transparency. She described her investigation as a limited inquiry into criminal liability of the deputy. “Police tactics, training, and civil liability are not matters to be addressed by our office or this report,” she said. The Sonoma County Grand Jury will receive the district attorney's full report and all exhibits, as well as the Santa Rosa Police Department's investigative reports. A copy of the report will also be sent to U.S. Department of Justice representatives at the FBI and the U.S. Attorney's Office which are involved in a federal civil rights review. The state Attorney General's Office declined to review the report because it found no conflict or other cause that called for an independent review, Ravitch said. Ravitch said she is aware the decision will not alleviate the pain felt by the Lopez family and others in the community. “It is incumbent upon us to move forward to address the many layers of concern uncovered by this tragedy, and work together to rebuild trust and support for all members of this community,” she said in a statement. In a statement expressing sympathy for the Lopez family and friends and others involved in the incident, Freitas suggested one way the community could come together was to support legislation requiring imitation firearms such as the one Lopez was carrying be made of either brightly colored or translucent materials. California Senate Bill 199, co-authored by state Sen. Noreen Evans, D-Santa Rosa, would expand the federal law that requires imitation firearms be sold with an orange tip, a feature that had been removed from the gun Lopez was carrying when he was shot. View as one page Prev 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 Next

 (page 7 of 7) A section of the gun Lopez was carrying was made with translucent plastic, but the difference is difficult to notice at a distance. The new law would require enough translucent material to allow “unmistakable observation of the device's complete contents,” Freitas said. The sheriff said a review of deputy-involved shootings over the past 10 years — something he said he ordered in March 2013, before Lopez was shot — should be completed and made public by the end of the year. “Going forward, I am hopeful that through meaningful collaborative effort, we can assemble the building blocks of prevention, improved communication, and community trust and confidence in the Sheriff's Office and our staff,” he said. On Monday, local law enforcement agencies were alerted that Ravitch was planning to announce her decision and told to prepare for a potential public response. Freitas and Schreeder said that deputies and officers were prepared to make sure demonstrators are safe and peaceful. “We will defend people's right to assemble, and arrest anyone who commits acts of vandalism and violence,” Freitas said. Local political leaders, including Santa Rosa Mayor Scott Bartley, urged demonstrators to remain peaceful. Ravitch said the community would never again be the same. “The events of Oct. 22, 2013, are absolutely tragic,” Ravitch said. “A 13-year-old boy was killed by an experienced law enforcement officer. The loss of this young life under these circumstances is a loss for all of us. This community will be forever changed by what happened that afternoon.” View as one page Prev 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7

 No criminal charges will be filed against a Sonoma County sheriff's deputy who shot and killed 13-year-old Andy Lopez last year as the boy walked down the street carrying an airsoft BB gun that resembled an AK-47 rifle, District Attorney Jill Ravitch announced Monday. Calling the Oct. 22 shooting and community upheaval that has followed a “painful, painful chapter in the history of Sonoma County,” Ravitch said her office found that Deputy Erick Gelhaus acted within the law when he shot Lopez. “While this was absolutely a tragedy, it was not a criminal act,” Ravitch said. In announcing her decision, Ravitch released a 52-page summary of her findings that includes several new details about the shooting, including that Lopez was likely high on marijuana at the time he was killed. Blood samples taken from Lopez's body during the autopsy revealed significant levels of THC, the psychoactive compound in marijuana, according to the report. The levels were consistent with Lopez smoking marijuana 60 to 75 minutes prior to his death, according to Dr. Reese Jones, a specialist hired by the District Attorney's Office to review the findings. Lopez also had a joint and a bottle of Visine on his body at the time he was killed, according to the report. The THC levels in Lopez's system likely affected his behavior that day, Jones said. “Cognitive and behavioral effects that typically follow marijuana use would likely have been present to a significant degree during the interval following,” Jones wrote, according to the report. A 13-year-old boy high on marijuana would likely have had suffered “impaired judgment, slowed decision making and increased mental processing time,” the report found, “particularly when having to deal with performance of a sudden, unanticipated tasks, including decisions that needed to be quickly responded to.” The new information provides potentially important context for the day of the shooting and may help explain why Lopez did not initially drop the gun when ordered and instead turned toward officers. Gelhaus, a 24-year Sonoma County deputy and Iraq War veteran, told Santa Rosa police investigating the shooting that he thought Lopez was carrying a real assault rifle when he ordered the boy to drop the gun. Lopez did not drop the gun and instead began to turn, the barrel of the airsoft gun rising as he pivoted, according to police. The deputy fired eight rounds, striking him seven times. Investigators determined Gelhaus feared for his life and prosecutors concluded his response — including the number of shots he fired, in a span of several seconds — was reasonable, Ravitch said. She noted that Gelhaus's weapon holds 18 rounds and can fire eight rounds in two seconds. “The evidence establishes that while in the lawful performance of his duties, Deputy Gelhaus was faced with a highly unpredictable and rapidly evolving situation,” Ravitch said. “Given his training and experience, he believed honestly and reasonably that he was faced with a do-or-die dilemma.” His options were to wait for Lopez to fire what he believed to be a deadly weapon at him and his partner, or to fire at Lopez “when the threat was turned toward him,” Ravitch said. “Here the implementation of lethal force was a reasonable response under the circumstances according to all the evidence that we have reviewed,” she said. The announcement was met with outrage outside the 2 p.m. press conference at the county government administration complex, where protesters denounced Ravitch's decision and vowed to press for justice for Lopez. One carried a sign that read simply “Shame.” Jonathan Melrod, an attorney and one of the most vocal activists, said Ravitch's decision was based on “patent lies.” He described Lopez as “a boy with a toy gun who did not pose a threat to anyone, to the deputy, to the neighborhood. He was a kid!” Melrod screamed into a scrum of television cameras. “That is an injustice that cannot be permitted!” He and others who have called for Gelhaus' prosecution said the shooting was a consequence of the wider militarization of the nation's police departments. “The police feel that we the community are their enemy,” Melrod said. “They police us as though they are still in Iraq or Afghanistan.” Melrod later said he had been unaware that Lopez had marijuana in his system until informed by a reporter. He said the focus on marijuana in the report was a “transparent attempt” to deflect blame away from “the sheriff's deputy who pulled the trigger and to place it on Andy Lopez.” “Let's assume there was THC. Does that justify executing Andy?” said Melrod, who questioned why Ravitch waited until now to raise the issue. Nicole Guerra, who said her son Antonio was one of Lopez's best friends, called the idea that Gelhaus didn't commit a crime “ridiculous.” “These kids now have to walk around in fear because they know these cops can get away with murder,” Guerra said. Activists gathered in Roseland Monday afternoon and evening for a march to the Moorland Avenue location where Lopez was killed. They planned a rally for 1 p.m. Tuesday in Old Courthouse Square. The decision comes eight months after the fatal encounter on the outskirts of southwest Santa Rosa. Word of the decision spread quickly after Ravitch's office sent out an email announcing the news conference Monday and mistakenly attached a press release detailing her decision. About 12 p.m., Arnoldo Casillas, the Lopez family's attorney, said he received a personal phone call from Ravitch informing him of her decision. “The family and my office are greatly disappointed with the decision,” Casillas said. “If there was ever a case where charges were warranted, it was this one.” Casillas said the decision would allow the family's federal civil rights lawsuit against Gelhaus and the county to go forward. The suit accuses the deputy of acting recklessly and seeks unspecified damages. Sonoma County Sheriff Steve Freitas said that the district attorney's conclusion mirrored his office's internal investigation into the shooting. He said he is “absolutely confident that it was a thorough investigation, fair and impartial.” “In this case I think the evidence shows both deputies absolutely believed they were faced with a real AK-47,” Freitas said. The other deputy on patrol with Gelhaus, Michael Schemmel, an eight-year veteran with the Marin County Sheriff's Office who was hired by Sonoma County in September, did not fire his weapon. Gelhaus, a firearms instructor who returned to work Dec. 10, has been on duty in the department's armory and not on patrol in the community. Freitas said his commanders will talk with Gelhaus and make a decision about whether his assignment will change. Gelhaus' safety will be a factor in that decision, he said. Gelhaus' attorney Terry Leoni said she was notified at about 11 a.m. Monday that her client will not face criminal charges. She called Gelhaus, who is out of the area on a prescheduled vacation, and said he was “very relieved.” “This has been an extremely difficult time for Erick. He has certainly grieved for the Lopez family,” Leoni said. “It hasn't been easy for him in terms of the media and public scrutiny but also for the loss of this child.” Leoni said that she and her client had been “in the dark” throughout much of the investigation, although they cooperated by providing statements and information when needed. “You're always concerned whether the charging agency or District Attorney's Office is going to make the right choice, look at the law, apply the facts of the law,” Leoni said. “There's always a concern that they will be swayed by the political aspects or mob mentality. We are glad the District Attorney's Office took (its) time.” Santa Rosa Police Chief Hank Schreeder said that his officers didn't recommend an outcome when they handed their investigation to the District Attorney's Office on Jan. 29. “The District Attorney has to decide on the points of law. We are just the fact finders,” Schreeder said. Ravitch, who has faced criticism over the length of her inquiry, called her review of the police investigation into the shooting “exhaustive and thorough,” resulting in reports that totaled more than 1,000 pages. District Attorney investigators responded to the scene Oct. 22 and worked alongside Santa Rosa police called in to investigate, with assistance from Petaluma police. Ravitch said she assigned an attorney and an investigator who both have significant homicide experience to conduct her office's review and ensure any additional investigative steps took place. She said she chose people who don't have longstanding ties to Sonoma County law enforcement to ensure neutrality. The bulk of their work began after receiving the Santa Rosa Police Department's report on the shooting. That report included interviews with about 200 witnesses, 200 hours of recorded interviews and 175 items of evidence, among other materials, Ravitch told reporters at the press conference Monday. The investigative team re-interviewed witnesses and spoke with a pathologist hired by the Lopez family who conducted an additional autopsy. They also consulted with numerous outside sources, including people with expertise in how people perform in high-stress encounters, and an weapons expert who estimated it would take two seconds to fire eight rounds with the type of gun Gelhaus used. The office even hired a company to do a 3D analysis of the trajectory of the eight shots Gelhaus fired. It concluded that the first shot likely missed Lopez, hitting a home behind him. The next one likely struck him in the upper left arm as he was “directly facing” the deputy, the report found. The remaining six shots probably hit him as he was turning, falling down or had hit the ground, the report found. A total of 19 seconds elapsed from the time of the initial call for backup to the time “shots fired” was first reported to dispatchers, Ravitch said. Schemmel, a trainee who was at the wheel of the patrol car, was still getting into a defensive position when Gelhaus fired his weapon from behind an open passenger-side door, the report stated. Ravitch said she released a synopsis of the shooting inquiry to address public concerns about transparency. She described her investigation as a limited inquiry into criminal liability of the deputy. “Police tactics, training, and civil liability are not matters to be addressed by our office or this report,” she said. The Sonoma County Grand Jury will receive the district attorney's full report and all exhibits, as well as the Santa Rosa Police Department's investigative reports. A copy of the report will also be sent to U.S. Department of Justice representatives at the FBI and the U.S. Attorney's Office which are involved in a federal civil rights review. The state Attorney General's Office declined to review the report because it found no conflict or other cause that called for an independent review, Ravitch said. Ravitch said she is aware the decision will not alleviate the pain felt by the Lopez family and others in the community. “It is incumbent upon us to move forward to address the many layers of concern uncovered by this tragedy, and work together to rebuild trust and support for all members of this community,” she said in a statement. In a statement expressing sympathy for the Lopez family and friends and others involved in the incident, Freitas suggested one way the community could come together was to support legislation requiring imitation firearms such as the one Lopez was carrying be made of either brightly colored or translucent materials. California Senate Bill 199, co-authored by state Sen. Noreen Evans, D-Santa Rosa, would expand the federal law that requires imitation firearms be sold with an orange tip, a feature that had been removed from the gun Lopez was carrying when he was shot. A section of the gun Lopez was carrying was made with translucent plastic, but the difference is difficult to notice at a distance. The new law would require enough translucent material to allow “unmistakable observation of the device's complete contents,” Freitas said. The sheriff said a review of deputy-involved shootings over the past 10 years — something he said he ordered in March 2013, before Lopez was shot — should be completed and made public by the end of the year. “Going forward, I am hopeful that through meaningful collaborative effort, we can assemble the building blocks of prevention, improved communication, and community trust and confidence in the Sheriff's Office and our staff,” he said. On Monday, local law enforcement agencies were alerted that Ravitch was planning to announce her decision and told to prepare for a potential public response. Freitas and Schreeder said that deputies and officers were prepared to make sure demonstrators are safe and peaceful. “We will defend people's right to assemble, and arrest anyone who commits acts of vandalism and violence,” Freitas said. Local political leaders, including Santa Rosa Mayor Scott Bartley, urged demonstrators to remain peaceful. Ravitch said the community would never again be the same. “The events of Oct. 22, 2013, are absolutely tragic,” Ravitch said. “A 13-year-old boy was killed by an experienced law enforcement officer. The loss of this young life under these circumstances is a loss for all of us. This community will be forever changed by what happened that afternoon.” 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7

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– A sheriff's deputy who gunned down a 13-year-old carrying a BB gun in Northern California last year won't face criminal charges, but still has a civil suit coming down the pike, the Press Democrat reports. Deputy Erick Gelhaus "fired his weapon in response to what he honestly and reasonably believed was an imminent threat of death," said Sonoma County DA Jill Ravitch of Andy Lopez's death. "As such, he was lawfully acting in defense of himself or others." The finding followed a five-month investigation and protests around California, including a "National Day of Action for Andy Lopez" organized by a statewide group opposing police brutality, CBS San Francisco reports. Andy was walking through rural Sonoma County last October, holding a BB gun resembling an AK-47, when deputies on patrol saw him and told him to drop the weapon. Ten seconds later, Gelhaus had put seven bullets in the boy. "The family and my office are greatly disappointed with the decision," said the Lopez family's attorney. "If there was ever a case where charges were warranted, it was this one." But Ravitch said her office pored over more than 1,000 pages of reports and spoke to numerous experts to consider "every interpretation of the facts." Now the Lopez family's civil suit, held up by the criminal probe, will "have to run through the legal process," an official said. (Gelhaus, a firearms expert and instructor, had never fired on a suspect before.)


Summarize this article:

From labyrinthine security checkpoints to cramped seats and scant overhead storage space, air travel ranks among the most grueling experiences out there (unless you're one of the rarefied few who spring for first class). With its A350 XWB jet, Airbus integrates the latest design and engineering tricks to quell many of the headaches for flyers, carriers, and pilots. Chief among them? Jet lag.

 "The design process was about optimization, pushing the constraints, and opening up the box of solutions," Alain De Zotti, chief engineer of the A350 XWB program at Airbus, says. The manufacturer debuted the design in early 2015, but the first aircraft to land in the United States arrived courtesy of Qatar Airways last week. With the A350, De Zotti's team devised ways that they hope make flying more energy-efficient, aerodynamic, and comfortable. On top of that, they had to ensure that the plane could be just as technologically sound today as at the end of its projected 30-year lifespan. With $15 billion worth of research and development under its belt, Airbus is hoping that its no-nonsense approach to design and engineering will help it best the competition—namely the Boeing 787 Dreamliner and 777 long-distance planes.

 A Lighter Ride

 One of the biggest differences in the Airbus A350 compared to older models is its composition. Over 50% of the structure is made from carbon fiber-reinforced plastic for lightweight strength and durability. (The composite is less susceptible to corrosion than traditional aluminum planes.) The material has been deployed in aircrafts in the past, but not in such large proportions. The lighter the plane, the less energy you need to propel it. To help with aerodynamics, the engineers designed the wings to be much larger in size (about 20% bigger than previous generations of planes) and span (about 10% wider) and to have a shape that was inspired by birds' wings. This reduces drag and noise and improves performance at low speeds. The engineers also improved the flap system—typically the flaps follow wind direction but the A350's flaps follow the flight path direction— which makes the ride smoother. These measures—plus ultra-efficient Rolls Royce engines—result in fuel economy that Airbus claims is 25% better than similarly sized planes from competitors.

 Eliminating Jet Lag

 Qatar Airways currently flies its fleet of A350s to Europe, the United States and Asia—journeys that traverse many time zones. To alleviate the physical toll and stress of screwing with a body's internal clock, the plane is fitted with LED lights that change their color temperature to mimic the sun's natural glow and are timed with natural circadian rhythms. To keep air from feeling stale, the plane's filtering system changes over the air in the plane every two to three minutes. The cabin is pressurized to 6,000 feet, which Airbus claims makes it more comfortable for passengers.

 More Room (Thank God)

 The fuselage is wider to accommodate larger passenger seats in economy class—just an extra inch over the standard width—and easier movement down the aisles. Because the seat configuration varies from carrier to carrier and the competition for the best business and first class cabins is so fierce—"Business class is now like first class was and first class is like little apartments," De Zotti says—Airbus designed the interior to be adaptable so that carriers can swap out seats and tweak configuration much more easily than in the past. This philosophy extends to the way computer hardware integrates with the design, making avionics and software upgrades are less cumbersome.

 "We're trying to make the jet relevant for the future," De Zotti says. "There's an open architecture that can evolve to welcome new functions and can cope with the evolution of technology."

 Qatar Airways is one of the first carriers to introduce the A350 to its fleet. Its trip to New York was the first time the plane landed stateside. Heading back to Doha, the plane abruptly aborted takeoff due to a short runway. Though no problems—other than lengthy delivery times—have been reported with the new A350 design, much can go wrong with planes. For example, Boeing's 787 Dreamliner has suffered from technical and mechanical problems since its launch. After the 787's launch and popularity with carriers, Airbus retooled its approach with the A350. Let's hope that any kinks in the design were ironed out during its 2,600 hours of test flights. ||||| One of the biggest downsides to a long-haul flight - aside from being cooped up in a metal box for hours - is waiting for your body to readjust to the new time zone once you touch down. But commercial aircraft companies Airbus and Qatar Airways think they might have found a solution to the perennial jetlag problem with their latest aeroplane.

 The A350 XWB comes with a variety of improvements designed to minimise that groggy feeling you get from flying halfway around the world. One of the main innovations is a system of LED lights inside the cabin that are designed to change colour to mimic the Sun's natural glow - and they're programmed to fit in with our bodies' natural circadian rhythms no matter what the actual time is.

 What's more, the plane's filtering system refreshes the air inside the cabin every 2 or 3 minutes, and keeps it pressurised at the equivalent of an altitude of 1,828.8 metres (6,000 feet). Again, Airbus says this should improve comfort for passengers and minimise the effects of jetlag once they step back onto the ground.

 There's much more to this plane besides anti-jetlag measures. Over 50 percent of the frame is made from carbon fibre-reinforced plastic, reducing the weight of the aircraft and of course the amount of fuel required for long-haul flights. Larger and wider wings, together with flaps that follow the flight path direction rather than the wind, combine to create a 25 percent improvement in the plane's fuel economy over comparable models currently in the sky, according to Airbus.

 In terms of passenger comfort, the economy seats are a little wider and a little further apart, and it's easier to get down the aisles. The interior design of the cabin can be adapted by individual airlines, depending on how they want to make use of the space (and how many business class passengers they're expecting).

 "The design process was about optimisation, pushing the constraints, and opening up the box of solutions," Alain De Zotti, chief engineer of the A350 XWB program, told Fast Company. "We're trying to make the jet relevant for the future. There's an open architecture that can evolve to welcome new functions and can cope with the evolution of technology."

 Qatar Airways is one of the first airlines to introduce an A350 model to its fleet, but other companies have already placed further orders for the aircraft. If you find jetlag a particular problem when flying between countries, you might want to look out for the new plane in the airport schedules. With US$15 billion in funding and 2,600 hours of test flights behind it, the plane is expected to be in service for the next 30 years. |||||

– If it works, it could be an air-traveling perk to trump all others: no more jet lag. Airbus is making the bold claim that it can at least reduce the malady for those aboard its new A350 XWB line of jets. The main tool is a set of LED lights within the cabin that mimics natural shifts in sunlight and theoretically keeps people's natural circadian rhythms in sync, reports Fast Company. Another factor: Because of the planes' relatively light frames, they can be pressurized to 6,000 feet, which the airline says allows for more humidity and makes the air pressure inside the aircraft closer to the pressure on the ground than is the case with most jets, per Quartz. A third factor is the jet's filtration system, which replaces the air in the cabin in its entirety every two to three minutes. The idea there is that, if nothing else, the improved air quality should help people sleep better on long flights. And the big question: Has it worked? It's a little too early to tell. The first such jet landed in the US only earlier this month via Qatar Airways, though other airlines plan to add the jet to their fleets, notes a post at Science Alert. (This protein might provide another way to fight jet lag.)


Here is a news article: Over the weekend, James Cameron successfully made it to the the bottom of the Mariana Trench—the deepest point on Earth. Bad. Ass.

 But also: lucky, brave, well-prepared, and maybe a little bit daft: Any number of factors could have turned the the veteran explorer-slash-director's epic adventure into his last act.

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 The Mariana Trench is located in the western Pacific Ocean, to the east of the Mariana Islands. It's over 1,580 miles long, 43 miles wide on average, and and at it's deepest point—heroically known as Challenger Deep—it's an amazing 6.78 miles to the bottom. Almost 36,000 feet. Reaching those depths is incredibly dangerous, and James Cameron himself is alleged to have admitted that the mission offered "a lot of ways to die." So what could have gone wrong?

 Implosion

 The obvious, quickest, and most catastrophic route to failure. A weak spot in materials, a design flaw in the vehicle. Then, as the pressure increased—pop—the dive craft would have buckled. That doesn't mean drowning; it means James Cameron would have been squashed to death, with immense pressures of up to 15,750 psi turning his body into a James Cameron slurry.

 Freezing

 If the Deepsea Challenger, had somehow gotten stuck at the bottom of the trench, Cameron would have been relying on his life support systems to keep him alive. In terms of resources, he had 60 hours of oxygen—but far less in the way of power for heating. With the water of the Mariana Tench being a fairly consistent 0°C, he would have died of hypothermia long before he ran out of air.

 Fire

 The sub was packed full of technology and gadgetry—all requiring electricity. There was also a vast amount of pure O2 circulating around inside Deepsea Challenger. The tiniest of electrical faults or sparks, and that O2 would have had a fire burning hard and fast. There was a small fire extinguisher on board—but it might not have stood up to something major.

 Melting

 Even though the Mariana Trench is cold, it's surrounded hydrothermal vents—fissures in the Earth's surface from which geothermally heated water bursts, unannounced. Thing is, that water is incredibly hot—700°C to be precise. That's hot enough to melt the submarine's view port. Then Cameron would have had water issuing into his craft, driven by 15,750 psi of pressure. Game over.

 Entanglement

 Though you might not realize it, the sea bed—even the area surrounding the Mariana Trench—is littered with submarine communication cables. They're there to string together telecommunication systems around the globe, but also turn the bottom of the sea into an assault course for submariners. If Cameron had gotten tangled in one of those lines, he would've struggled to make it back to the surface.

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 Fortunately, Cameron was one lucky mother; he managed to make it down and back up without a hitch. Which is fortunate for us, because no doubt his footage from the alien-esque world of Challenger Deep is going to be freakin' amazing. Congratulations, James.

 Image by Mark Thiessen/AP ||||| Filmmaker James Cameron surfaced three hours earlier than planned Monday after hydraulic fluid started leaking in his sub, as he became the first adventurer to make a solo journey to the deepest point on the ocean’s floor.

 The 57-year-old described diving to a depth of nearly 7 miles in the 12-ton Deepsea Challenger as a “heckuva ride” after resurfacing in the Pacific Ocean, 300 miles southwest of Guam, on Monday morning.

 He said, “It was bleak. It looked like the moon. I didn’t see a fish… I didn’t find anything that looked alive to me, other than a few [shrimplike] amphipods in the water.

 “I didn’t feel like I got to a place where I could take interesting geology samples or found anything interesting biologically,” he added.

 The “Titanic” and “Avatar” director had planned on spending six hours on the ocean floor collecting samples and sent a tweet after reaching the Challenger Deep undersea valley in the Mariana Trench.

 “Just arrived at the ocean’s deepest [point]. Hitting bottom never felt so good. Can’t wait to share what I’m seeing [with] you,” Cameron said in the tweet.

 The descent took 156 minutes, but after he noticed the fluid leak Cameron decided to end the mission early and his ascent took just 70 minutes.

 His sub was spotted by helicopter and he was picked up by the support vessel the Mermaid Sapphire shortly afterward.

 He said, “I saw a lot of hydraulic oil come up in front of the port. The port got coated with it. I couldn’t pick anything up, so I began to feel like it was a moment of diminishing returns to go on. I lost a lot of thrusters. I lost the whole starboard side. That’s when I decided to come up. I couldn’t go any further — I was just spinning in a circle.”

 Cameron hinted that he could carry out another dive to the trench in the future. He said, “Next dive. Gotta leave something for the next one.”

 Others paid tribute to his bravery.

 “@JimCameron has surfaced! Congrats to him on his historic solo dive to the ocean’s deepest point,” said organizers of his mission, Deep Sea Challenge, at 10:03 p.m. ET Sunday.

 Arnold Schwarzenegger, who was directed by Cameron in the “Terminator” films, was among the first to congratulate Cameron, tweeting, “Congrats to my great friend on the deepest solo dive ever. Always a pioneer.”

 Cameron embarked on the solo trip in a sub that he has described as a “vertical torpedo,” outfitted with 3D cameras and a tower of LED bulbs to capture video footage of the alien world, some 35,800 feet below the surface. He also collected samples. National Geographic will chronicle the adventure in 3D at theaters and later on TV.

 In addition to studying deep ocean science, he had been training for the physical challenges of the mission — running several miles a day, practicing yoga and preparing to deal with the sub’s cramped quarters.

 No one has been to Challenger Deep since Jacques Piccard and Don Walsh made the descent in a 1960 expedition for the US Navy. Their stay only lasted about 20 minutes and did not allow for the type of extensive study that Cameron planned. |||||
A summary of this is?

– James Cameron's trip to the world's deepest spot sounds a wee bit like something of a disappointment. The six hours he intended to spend at the bottom of the sea—filming and gathering geology samples—was cut in half when hydraulic fluid started leaking in his submersible. As for his time at the bottom, "I didn't see a fish ... I didn't find anything that looked alive to me, other than a few amphipods in the water," he says. "I didn't feel like I got to a place where I could take interesting geology samples or found anything interesting biologically," he noted, according to the New York Post. It took him 156 minutes to go down, but only 70 minutes to come back up after he spotted the leak. "The port got coated" with oil, he said, noting that he lost control of the starboard side of the sub. "That's when I decided to come up. I couldn't go any further—I was just spinning in a circle." But it sounds as though he's planning to go down again: "Next dive. I gotta leave something for the next one," he said. (But hey, at least he's alive. Gizmodo rounds up five ways he could have perished, and they don't sound fun.)


Write a summary based on this article:

In the wake of the Oregon shooting, it now looks as if political gunfights will be breaking out all over the presidential race. How to combat gun violence could become a real issue in the 2016 race: The Republican presidential candidates have seemed to adopt the position that there is little the federal government can do about it, and today, in an effort to contrast with that willfully defeatist posture, Hillary Clinton rolled out some concrete proposals.

 Clinton’s new plan, which she will discuss on the campaign trail today, includes a raft of ideas: closing loopholes in the background check system; more aggressive action to revoke the licenses of gun dealers who knowingly supply so-called “straw purchasers”; and repealing a law that protects gun manufacturers from liability for gun violence.

 But the most controversial aspect of Clinton’s plan is this: She vowed to take executive action to partly close the loophole that allows private sellers to peddle guns without a background check if Congress doesn’t.

 Clinton’s campaign says that this could theoretically be accomplished via a new rule by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms that would more clearly define what it means to be “engaged in the business” of selling firearms. Gun control advocates point out that under federal law, those “engaged in the business” of selling firearms must perform background checks, but federal regulations defining that phrase are too vague, allowing too many gun sales to proceed without such a check. Such federal regs, they say, could be changed through executive action that, for example, would set a clearer threshold defining “engaged in the business” of selling firearms in terms of the number of guns sold.

 Arkadi Gerney, a gun policy expert at the Center for American Progress, tells me what Clinton’s new policy proposal means:

 “One way you could do this would be to have a clear numerical threshold on the number of gun sales.”

 “The statute says that anyone engaged in the business of selling firearms must apply for a federal license. Like any other statute where it’s vague, there’s the potential to define it further. You could update the regulation and have a more clear threshold. You couldn’t say, we define ‘engaged in the business’ as anyone who sells a gun ever. But you could change the regulation to be more focused, more narrow, and less vague than it currently is, which makes it very hard to prosecute people who abuse the law and are selling tens and hundreds of guns as private sellers.

 But if Clinton could do this as president, couldn’t Obama do this by executive action right now? Gerney thinks the answer is Yes:

 “Clinton’s idea of clarifying further what kind of gun sellers are engaging in business and need to get a license to sell guns is a smart one. She’s right that the President can do more to define the current law on what level of gun-selling activity triggers the requirement to conduct background checks. And, by putting this idea forward it is something of an implicit challenge to the current administration to move forward along these lines.”

 More on this later, but this raises new questions: Is Obama, who has been visibly frustrated by government inaction, thinking of undertaking such an executive action? Will Clinton’s public vow to undertake such action raise the pressure on the administration to do the same?

 Meanwhile, Clinton’s new proposal seems like an implicit challenge to Bernie Sanders, who has been criticized as insufficiently committed to gun reform. And the vow of action — including executive action — also seems designed to project an urgency that will contrast sharply with the decided lack of urgency projected by the GOP presidential candidates. But that brings us to our next item.

 * ON GUNS, TRUMP’S BRASH ‘GET IT DONE ‘ SPIRIT EVAPORATES: On Meet the Press and This Week, Donald Trump was pressed on what we should do about gun violence and mass shootings. He kept repeating that mental illness was the problem and that people are going to slip through the “cracks.” And he said this on Meet about the Oregon shooting:

 “You were not allowed to have guns at all in that particular area. And you could make the case that it woulda been a lot better had people had guns because they had something to fire back.”

 So, is more armed security Trump’s answer? Pressed on that question, the brash, get-it-done billionaire demurred again. Deporting 11 million people is a piece of cake, but gun violence is a problem we can’t even begin to debate trying to solve.

 * TRANS-PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP DEAL REACHED: It’s on:

 The United States and 11 other Pacific Rim nations on Monday agreed to the largest regional trade accord in history, a potentially precedent-setting model for global commerce and worker standards that would tie together 40 percent of the world’s economy, from Canada and Chile to Japan and Australia. The Trans-Pacific Partnership still faces months of debate in Congress and will inject a new flash point into both parties’ presidential contests.

 Look for Donald Trump to demagogue this to the hilt against his GOP rivals, who support “free trade.” How will blue collar Republicans respond?

 * SANDERS-MENTUM CONTINUES DRIVING LARGE CROWDS: Over the weekend, Bernie Sanders drew a crowd of 20,000 in Boston, doubling the 10,000 showing that Barack Obama drew in Massachusetts in 2008. What’s interesting here is that Massachusetts holds its primary voting on March 1st, so this hints at the possibility that Sanders may be able to post good showings after the early contests in Iowa and New Hampshire.

 What still remains to be seen is whether Sanders can really compete with Hillary Clinton in states outside the northeast where the electorate is far more diverse, giving her a real advantage.

 * BIDEN IS LEANING TOWARDS RUNNING, REPORT CLAIMS: CBS News reported over the weekend:

 Vice President Joe Biden is nearing a decision on whether to run for president, and it could come as early as within the next seven to 10 days, according to three people familiar with his deliberations. Two of those people said he is leaning toward entering the race.

 We’ll see about this. Even if Biden does announce within seven to 10 days, mid-October seems awfully late to launch, given the need to ramp up organizing and fundraising.

 * HOW OBAMA CAN FIGHT GUN VIOLENCE ON HIS OWN: A leading gun control group will release a report today that documents other executive actions that President Obama can take right now to try to prevent guns from falling into the hands of dangerous people. Among the ideas: making it clear to law enforcement agencies that prohibitions of gun sales to those convicted of domestic abuse also applies to those who are unmarried; and stepping up efforts to get federal agencies to notify state agencies of people who fail background checks.

 While such steps appear modest, Obama declared after the Oregon shooting that he has directed his staff to determine what actions are available to him, so he may take whatever ideas he can get.

 * CALLING OUT CONSERVATIVES ON GUN VIOLENCE: E.J. Dionne says that we damn well should be politicizing gun violence:

 Politicizing this struggle means being unrelentingly candid in calling out an American conservative movement that proudly champions law and order but allows itself to be dominated by gun extremists who deride every gun measure that might make our country a little bit safer — no matter how many mass killings we have. Conservatives all over the world are aghast at our nation’s permissive attitude toward guns. Is a dangerous and harebrained absolutism about weaponry really the issue on which American conservatives want to practice exceptionalism?

 Well, yes, they do, though they would probably not define their stance as “dangerous and harebrained absolution,” since many of them actually believe more guns are really the answer.

 * AND VOTERS LIKE HILLARY, BUT DON’T LOVE HER: The Associated Press talked to more than 70 Democratic voters in Iowa and New Hampshire, and found that many support her candidacy but still harbor doubts about her, either on specific issues or more generally. Note:

 “She certainly could manage the country,” said Jim Gallagher, a 61-year-old, real estate investor from Manchester. “But she just rubs me the wrong way. But, hey, you don’t have to like her, right?”

 I’d be very interested to know whether this is a widespread sentiment: She may not be all that likable, but she has the attributes necessary to run the country, and you don’t have to like her, anyway. ||||| Speaking at the White House on Thursday evening, a visibly frustrated and emotional President Obama remarked on the deadly shooting at a community college in Oregon. (AP)

 Speaking at the White House on Thursday evening, a visibly frustrated and emotional President Obama remarked on the deadly shooting at a community college in Oregon. (AP)

 In response to the latest mass shooting during his presidency, President Obama is seriously considering circumventing Congress with his executive authority and imposing new background-check requirements for buyers who purchase weapons from high-volume gun dealers.

 Under the proposed rule change, dealers who exceed a certain number of sales each year would be required to obtain a license from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives and perform background checks on potential buyers.

 As the president heads to Roseburg, Ore., on Friday to comfort the survivors and families of those killed in last week’s mass shooting at Umpqua Community College, the political calculus around his most vexing domestic policy issue is shifting once again.

 After the Dec. 14, 2012, shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn., claimed the lives of 20 students and six staff members, Obama asked Vice President Biden to devise a list of policy proposals in response, and on Jan. 26, 2013, the president announced 23 executive actions ranging from restarting federal research into the causes of gun violence to providing parity for mental health coverage under private insurance plans. He pushed for legislation mandating universal background checks on gun sales, an effort that failed in the Senate in April 2013. In August that year, Obama closed two gun-sale loopholes through executive authority, subjecting gun purchases by corporations and trusts to background checks and banning almost all re-imports of military surplus firearms to private entities.

 [Guns, race remain Obama’s biggest missed opportunities]

 View Graphic ‘Our lives are shattered beyond repair’: The victims of the Oregon college shooting

 In the wake of last week’s tragedy, Obama said he had asked his team “to scrub what kinds of authorities do we have to enforce the laws that we have in place more effectively to keep guns out of the hands of criminals.”

 “We are hopeful we can find a way to do this,” said one senior administration official, who noted that lawyers were still working through details to ensure that the rule could pass legal muster. “It’s a lot more clear today than it was a year ago how to work this out.”

 Nine days before a shooter opened fire on the Umpqua Community College campus, former congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords (D-Ariz.) and her husband, Mark Kelly, were at the White House to reiterate a long-standing request that those private dealers who sell a sizable number of guns conduct background checks on buyers. The proposed rule change would clarify what it means to be “engaged in the business” of selling firearms.

 In a meeting with Obama’s senior adviser Valerie Jarrett, Giffords and Kelly, who became gun-control activists after Giffords was seriously wounded in a mass shooting in 2011, were pushing for a regulatory change that administration officials considered — but then shelved — nearly two years ago.

 The proposed executive action aims to impose background checks on individuals who buy from dealers who sell a significant number of guns each year. The current federal statute dictates that those who are “engaged in the business” of dealing firearms need to obtain a federal license — and, therefore, conduct background checks — but exempts anyone “who makes occasional sales, exchanges, or purchases of firearms for the enhancement of a personal collection or for a hobby, or who sells all or part of his personal collection of firearms.”

 White House officials drafted the proposal in late 2013 to apply to those dealers who sell at least 50 guns annually, after Congress had rejected legislation that would have expanded background checks more broadly to private sellers. While the White House Office of Legal Counsel and then-Attorney General Eric H. Holder Jr. initially concluded the regulation was legally defensible, according to several individuals involved in the discussions, some federal lawyers remained concerned that setting an arbitrary numerical threshold could leave the rule vulnerable to a challenge.

 ATF officials, moreover, objected that it would be hard to enforce and that it was unclear how many sellers would be affected by the change. “Everyone realized it would be hugely politically controversial,” said one individual, who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss private discussions.

 1 of 27 Full Screen Autoplay Close Skip Ad × One gunman, nine victims dead: Scenes from the attack, aftermath View Photos Multiple casualties and deaths occurred after shooting at Umpqua Community College in Roseburg, Ore Caption Multiple casualties and deaths occurred after shooting at Umpqua Community College in Roseburg, Ore. An undated photo of gunman Chris Harper Mercer from his MySpace page. Buy Photo Wait 1 second to continue.

 On Monday, Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Rodham Clinton listed the idea of changing the definition of who qualifies as a gun dealer as one of her top proposals to address gun violence.

 [Can Hillary Clinton’s background checks proposal actually work?]

 The aides to Biden who worked most intently on the background-checks proposal in 2013 have since left the administration, but it has resurfaced periodically: Obama discussed the idea with Attorney General Loretta E. Lynch during a July 9 Oval Office meeting, aides said, three weeks after nine African American parishioners were gunned down in Charleston, S.C. Now, according to administration officials, a group of West Wing staffers are working in concert on this and other possible executive actions.

 Pia Carusone, a senior adviser at Americans for Responsible Solutions, the group Giffords and Kelly founded, declined to discuss details surrounding private White House meetings.

 “Over the last few years, Gabby, Mark and ARS staff have met with various administration officials to discuss how we can work together to address America’s gun violence problem,” Carusone said by e-mail. “Many potential solutions have been discussed in conversations that have included the president, vice president and their teams.”

 Arkadi Gerney, senior vice president at the liberal think tank Center for American Progress, said tightening the definition of who is “engaged in the business” of selling guns “is a meaningful but modest step towards the goal of ensuring that all gun sales involve a background check.”

 National Rifle Association spokeswoman Jennifer Baker, by contrast, said any change was unnecessary and could “ensnare” people not intended to be covered by the law, such as a widow selling off her late husband’s gun collection. “People who repeatedly sell large volumes of firearms are already covered in the current statute because they are already defined as ‘engaged in the business,’ ” she said.

 Some activists, including those from the faith and community organizing group Metro Industrial Areas Foundation say Obama could be much bolder with his executive authority. On Thursday, the group, which is pushing the president to leverage the federal government’s purchasing power with gun manufacturers, held a rally in Lafayette Square to demand Obama call in industry leaders and insist that they develop safer technology and crack down on the stores that sell a disproportionate number of guns used in crimes.

 “We have traveled here from across the nation to challenge you to stop whining about the power you don’t have, and start acting with the power you do have,” said Bishop Douglas Miles, who is on the group’s leadership team and serves as pastor of Koinonia Baptist Church in Baltimore.

 Last week, Obama said that “this is something we should politicize” and that every American had “to for a while, be a single-issue voter” when it came to tightening the nation’s gun laws.

 Gun-control activists have made significant political headway on the state level since the Newtown shooting. In the past year, they prevailed on background check fights in Washington state and Oregon; laws to carry concealed weapons without a permit were enacted in three states but defeated in 15. According to the Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence, 55 percent of gun laws enacted so far this year loosened restrictions rather than tightened them, and many were quite minor. In 2012, by contrast, 72 percent of all enacted gun laws loosened restrictions.

 “The gun lobby has done a very good job of tying up Washington, D.C.,” said John Feinblatt, president of the advocacy group Everytown. “It can’t tie up the people, and cannot, in fact, tie up state legislatures.”

 While polling shows between 85 and 92 percent of Americans support expanding background checks, the broader issue of gun rights remains fraught. In Roseburg, where many have chafed at the administration’s gun policies, opinion remains sharply divided over whether Obama should even come to offer his condolences to victims’ families.

 “Half the people in Roseburg say it’s wonderful, the other half say he shouldn’t show up,” said Earl Skonberg, a local gun owner who engages in sport shooting. |||||

– President Obama's next executive action may be to expand background checks for some gun buyers—based on whom they're buying from. Obama, who reacted with emotion to the mass shooting at Umpqua Community College and will visit Roseburg, Ore., on Friday, is "seriously considering" new rules that would force private high-volume dealers to perform background checks on potential buyers, according to the Washington Post. Private dealers who sell a certain number of guns each year would also need to get a license. Nine days before the Umpqua shooting, gun-control activists Gabrielle Giffords and her husband, Mark Kelly, visited the White House to repeat their desire to see just such a rule put in place. Officials considered targeting dealers who sell at least 50 guns a year back in 2013, but the plan was ultimately put on ice. The proposed rule change would clarify the federal statute, which notes anyone "engaged in the business" of dealing firearms needs to obtain a federal license and conduct background checks, except anyone "who makes occasional sales, exchanges, or purchases of firearms for the enhancement of a personal collection or for a hobby, or who sells all or part of his personal collection of firearms." Earlier this week, Hillary Clinton said she would take executive action to change the definition of a gun dealer if elected president, per the Post. A rep for the NRA, however, says the proposed change would "ensnare" a widow selling off her late husband's gun collection, for example. "People who repeatedly sell large volumes of firearms are already covered in the current statute," she says.


Jaber Albakr, 22, had narrowly slipped through the police net on Saturday when commandos raided his apartment in Chemnitz and found 1.5 kilos of TATP, the homemade explosive used by jihadists in the Paris and Brussels attacks last year.

 The explosives were "almost ready, or even ready for usage", said Jörg Michaelis, chief investigator in the eastern state of Saxony, adding that the suspect was apparently preparing a "bomb, possibly in the form of a suicide vest".

 After a manhunt over the weekend, police finally got their man with the help of three of Albakr's fellow Syrians, who had detained him in their apartment in the eastern city of Leipzig.

 "A witness came to the police station and said he had recognized Albakr... and had a photo of Albakr on his mobile phone," said Michaelis.

 "He also said that his flatmates have overpowered Albakr and tied him up, and that we should come to his apartment."

 Police declined to give further details on the Syrian informants for fear of reprisals against them.

 German media reported that the fugitive had approached two Syrians at the main train station in Leipzig, seeking shelter.

 The men had invited Albakr to their apartment, but later realized that their guest was being sought when police broadcast an appeal for help in Arabic, the Bild newspaper said.

 When police finally stormed the apartment, the officers found one of the Syrians kneeling on Albakr to hold him down, said Bild.

 Chancellor Angela Merkel expressed thanks to the man who tipped off police.

 “Our thanks and our recognition go out to the man from Syria who informed the police about the suspect's whereabouts,” Merkel's spokesperson, Ulrike Demmer, said.

 Demmer said that the man had made a crucial contribution to the capture of the suspect, and added that the Chancellor wanted to also express her gratitude to police “for the heavy responsibility they carry,” the Süddeutsche Zeitung reports.

 Investigators said on Monday afternoon that Albakr appears to have had contact with Isis.

 "The approach and behaviour of the suspect point to an Isis contact," said Jörg Michaelis, chief investigator in the eastern state of Saxony.

 "We're spent but overjoyed: the terror suspect Albakr was arrested overnight in Leipzig," police said on Twitter on Monday.

 NEWS Wir sind geschafft, aber überglücklich: der Terrorverdächtige Albakr wurde in der Nacht in Leipzig festgenommen. ÖA über #GenStA — Polizei Sachsen (@PolizeiSachsen) October 10, 2016

 'Bomb-making lab'

 Acting on information from the domestic secret services, investigators had sought to swoop on Albakr on Saturday in the eastern town of Chemnitz, about 85 kilometres (50 miles) south of Leipzig.

 But he narrowly evaded police and ran off carrying a backpack, local media said.

 Interior Minister Thomas de Maizière said the plot "resembles what we know of the preparations for the attacks in Paris and Brussels".

 Albakr's Syrian flatmate in Chemnitz, named only as Khalil A., was formally taken into custody Sunday, a day after being detained, as a suspected co-conspirator.

 The 33-year-old accomplice is accused of allowing Albakr "to use his apartment and for helping to order the necessary material on the internet in full knowledge of his plans of attack," according to a statement from the federal prosecutors.

 Police on Sunday also raided the Chemnitz home of another suspected contact of Albakr and took away a man for questioning.

 Albakr had entered Germany on February 18th 2015 and two weeks later filed a request for asylum, which was granted in June that year.

 Khalil A. had filed for asylum in December 2015 and was granted refugee status in March this year.

 Germany on edge

 Germany has been on edge since two Isis-claimed attacks in July - an axe rampage on a train in Wuerzburg that injured five, and a suicide bombing in Ansbach in which 15 people were hurt.

 The bloodshed has fuelled concerns over Germany's record influx of nearly 900,000 refugees and migrants in 2015, heightened by a number of foiled attack plots this year.

 Last month police detained three men with forged Syrian passports who were believed to be a possible Isis "sleeper cell" with links to those behind the November Paris attacks.

 They also arrested a 16-year-old Syrian refugee in Cologne on suspicion he was planning a bomb attack in the name of Isis.

 German authorities have urged the public not to equate refugees with "terrorists" but have acknowledged that more jihadists may have entered the country among the asylum seekers who arrived last year.

 Chancellor Merkel's conservative CDU party on Monday called for greater rights for security services to carry out checks on asylum seekers.

 "We see that the German secret service and federal intelligence service have no access currently to the main files of applicants," said the deputy leader of the CDU's parliamentary group, Michael Kretschmer.

 "That needs to change, we want the German secret services to have access to these files," he told local broadcaster MDR. ||||| MAINZ, Germany — A nearly two-day nationwide manhunt ended overnight when police nabbed a Syrian terror suspect.

 "Tired but overjoyed, we captured the terror suspect last night in Leipzig," Saxony state police tweeted early Monday.

 Image: Jaber Albakr in a photo released by police before he was arrested. Polizei Sachsen

 Jaber Albakr, 22, had spent the weekend on the run. Authorities said he had arrived in Germany as an asylum seeker last year.

 Germany's Spiegel Online reported that Albakr had approached another Syrian national at Leipzig train station on Sunday and asked him whether he could stay at his home for the night.

 The unidentified man later called police after hearing about the manhunt, Spiegel Online quoted police sources as saying. Albakr was reportedly arrested after being found tied up at the good Samaritan's apartment.

 Police later confirmed in a statement that Albakr had been "held" by several countrymen at a dwelling in Leipzig.

 Albakr vanished Saturday morning as police moved in on an apartment in Chemnitz, after a tip-off from the German domestic intelligence service.

 Police on Saturday confirmed to NBC News that they had found "several hundred grams of highly explosive materials" hidden at the Chemnitz apartment, which was raided by police special forces.

 Albakr was suspected of plotting a terrorist attack, officials said. |||||
What is a one-paragraph summary of the above article?

– German police searched for a Syrian terror suspect for almost two days—and found him Sunday night tied up in another Syrian national's apartment. Jaber Albakr, 22, came to Germany last year as an asylum seeker. After German officials got a tip from the country's intelligence service, they zeroed in on his apartment in Chemnitz Saturday morning. Albakr escaped, but authorities found several hundred grams of explosives and started a manhunt, NBC News reports. Albakr reportedly approached another Syrian national at a train station Sunday night and asked to stay overnight at the man's home. But the man recognized Albakr from news of the manhunt and called police, who found the suspect tied up at the man's apartment and arrested him. The Good Samaritan told police that he, with the help of two flatmates, "overpowered Albakr and tied him up," an investigator says, per the Local. Indeed, one of the flatmates was reportedly kneeling on Albakr to keep him on the ground when police arrived. No less than Chancellor Angela Merkel thanked the men who caught Albakr via her spokesperson. Investigators say they found the same homemade explosives that were used in the Paris and Brussels attacks last year in Albakr's apartment, and that they were "almost ready, or even ready for usage." He is accused of working with ISIS, and his own flatmate, another Syrian refugee, was also arrested as a suspected co-conspirator. Police are also questioning a third man.


Article:
UPDATE:

 UPDATE:

 Charlottesville, VA - Monday, a judge in Albemarle County heard evidence in the Hannah Graham case.

 The defense filed a motion that the search warrants for Jesse Matthew's car and apartment shouldn't have been granted.

 Lawyers subpoenaed 14 witnesses to appear, but it took well into the afternoon for the court to grant a motion for a hearing to question detective Stuart Gardner, who used his dog to track Hannah Graham starting about 3 and a half days after her disappearance.

 The second witness was Detective Sgt. Mooney.

 He shared Graham's text records, indicating she was lost and wandering around the downtown area the night of her disappearance.

 He also said there's surveillance video of her in different areas, which we've seen, but there are some unexplained gaps in time.

 The first witness, Detective Gardner handled the canine tracking Graham's scent for several days.

 His dog, Shaker, found a very strong scent in a mulch pile around an industrial area, which the detective says translated into fear or adrenaline.

 Detective Gardner says the dog also found Graham's scent at Hessian Hills apartments, at the passenger side door of Matthew's car, the entrance to Matthew's building and at the door frame of his apartment.

 Detective Mooney testified the surveillance video was consistent with the trail of scent the dog found.

 Mooney also said one of the surveillance videos showed a car resembling Jesse Matthew's around the time Graham was wandering eastbound.

 We are still following what is coming out in court.

 Follow ABC 13 for the latest on air and online.

 ----------------

 UPDATE- New details about the investigation are coming out today in court regarding Jesse Matthew.

 His defense is blaming police omission in the investigation.

 The judge is doubting whether the search warrant should've been issued.

 -------------

 CHARLOTTESVILLE, Va. (AP) -- A man who has been charged with killing two college students in Virginia is set to appear in court.

 A pretrial hearing for Jesse LeRoy Matthew Jr. is expected to be held on Monday.

 Matthew has been charged with capital murder in the September 2014 disappearance and death of 18-year-old University of Virginia student Hannah Graham, whose remains were found about five weeks after she disappeared. Prosecutors are seeking the death penalty.

 Matthew also faces first-degree murder charges in the 2009 death of 20-year-old Virginia Tech student Morgan Harrington.

 Matthew is serving a life prison term for a 2005 attempted murder and sexual assault in northern Virginia.

 At a hearing last month, a judge approved the hiring of a mental health expert to examine Matthew before his trial. ||||| CHARLOTTESVILLE, Va. (AP) — A former detective testified Monday that a police bloodhound detected traces of a slain University of Virginia student inside the apartment and on the car door of the man charged in her killing.

 According to media outlets, former Louisa County Sheriff's Office Detective Buck Garner also said the bloodhound found 18-year-old Hannah Graham's scent at an industrial site about a mile from downtown Charlottesville. He said the dog alerted him to a scent indicating "fear and adrenaline," suggesting that Graham may have been attacked near a mulch pile at the site.

 The new details emerged in a daylong pretrial hearing for Jesse Matthew Jr., 34, who is charged with capital murder in Graham's 2014 disappearance and death. Prosecutors are seeking the death penalty.

 Matthew also faces first-degree murder charges in the 2009 death of 20-year-old Virginia Tech student Morgan Harrington. He is serving a life prison term for a 2005 attempted murder and sexual assault in northern Virginia.

 Garner testified at length Monday about his involvement in the early days of the Graham investigation working with a 7-year-old bloodhound named Shaker.

 He described following Shaker as the dog traced Graham's scent to Charlottesville's downtown, where she was last seen. Surveillance video from businesses showed Graham walking alongside Matthew. Her remains were found six weeks later on an abandoned property in Albemarle County, about 12 miles from campus.

 Garner testified that Shaker at one point traced a long route east from the Downtown Mall to the industrial site. During a subsequent search, Garner said, Shaker detected Graham's scent on the passenger door of Matthew's vehicle, in the doorway to his home and near a dumpster at his apartment complex. Garner said the dog did not find Graham's scent near other apartments.

 The bloodhound's work provided the basis for police to obtain a search warrant for Matthew's apartment and vehicle. Defense attorney Doug Ramseur unsuccessfully challenged the search warrant in court, arguing that the search dog's findings were inconsistent with witness accounts and video surveillance evidence, that detectives might have misled a magistrate to obtain the warrant and that there was not probable cause for police to conduct those searches.

 Albemarle County Circuit Judge Cheryl Higgins ruled there were no "instances of deliberate misstatements and reckless disregard" of the truth in the affidavit supporting the search warrant and, although the dog's findings may have had inconsistencies, there were other arguments in the six-page affidavit that could constitute probable cause.

 She read some of those points out loud: Witness statements put Graham and Matthew together on the night of her disappearance, at least one witness said she saw the two go to a bar on the Downtown Mall, and Matthew bought them each drinks using his debit card.

 ___

 This story has been corrected to show that the former detective's last name is Garner. |||||Summary:

– A former police bloodhound handler told a court on Monday that during the search for UVa student Hannah Graham, the animal detected her scent outside the car and apartment of suspect Jesse Matthew—and the scent of "fear and adrenaline" where she was allegedly attacked. The handler was testifying during a pretrial hearing where lawyers for Matthew, who is already serving three life terms in prison for a 2005 sexual assault, unsuccessfully challenged the search warrants police obtained for Matthew's home and vehicle, the AP reports. He said the 7-year-old dog, Shaker, traced Graham's scent from downtown Charlottesville to a mulch pile at an industrial site, where the smell of fear was strongest. Matthew, 33, faces a capital murder charge in the 2014 death of Graham, whose body was found on an abandoned property around six weeks after she disappeared. He has also been charged with the 2009 murder of a Virginia Tech student. At Monday's hearing, another police witness testified that, contrary to what the defense claimed, the scent trail was consistent with surveillance videos that showed Graham wandering around, reports WSET. The officer shared text message records indicating that she was lost the night she disappeared.The Washington Post notes that Matthew is seen walking alongside Graham in some of the surveillance videos.