Tweet with a location

 You can add location information to your Tweets, such as your city or precise location, from the web and via third-party applications. You always have the option to delete your Tweet location history. Learn more ||||| Tesla is investigating how one of its cars appeared to suddenly catch fire on a busy street near Los Angeles. Cellphone video shows flames shooting out of the electric vehicle last week.

 Local authorities said it could have been a faulty battery, but Tesla says it's still too early to know exactly what happened.

 A Model S quickly caught fire Friday afternoon in West Hollywood, California. Actress Mary McCormack tweeted cellphone video of the fire, saying, "Tesla this is what happened to my husband and his car today …. no accident, out of the blue, in traffic…."

 @Tesla This is what happened to my husband and his car today. No accident,out of the blue, in traffic on Santa Monica Blvd. Thank you to the kind couple who flagged him down and told him to pull over. And thank god my three little girls weren’t in the car with him pic.twitter.com/O4tPs5ftVo — Mary McCormack (@marycmccormack) June 16, 2018

 Tesla is calling the incident "extraordinarily unusual."

 In a statement Tesla said, "Our initial investigation shows that the cabin of the vehicle was totally unaffected by the fire due to our battery architecture, which is designed to protect the cabin in the very rare event that a battery fire occurs."

 "Well, of course the video footage itself looks alarmist," Alistair Weaver, editor-in-chief at Edmunds, told CBS News correspondent Jamie Yuccas. "There's obviously been some issues with lithium ion batteries in the past, particularly around cellphones, but electric car batteries are very different. It's a lot of sophisticated technology."

 Tesla maintains that it takes extraordinary measures to protect passengers from fires, which it says are at least 10 times less likely in a Tesla than in a gas-powered car.

 "We've driven over 50,000 miles in these vehicles and have never replicated this or anything like it, nor have we seen any evidence elsewhere of other cars spontaneously catching fire, so I think it needs more investigation," said Weaver.

 YouTube/LiveLeak

 Other incidents where Teslas caught fire involved collisions, like a deadly Florida crash last month, or impact with objects on the road, like this 2013 accident in Washington State.

 There were no injuries in this latest incident, and Tesla says it is still working to understand the cause of the fire. ||||| This article is about the actress. For the opera singer, see Mary McCormic

 Mary Catherine McCormack (born February 8, 1969[1]) is an American actress. She has had leading roles as Justine Appleton in the series Murder One (1995–97), as Deputy National Security Adviser Kate Harper in The West Wing (2004–06), as Mary Shannon in In Plain Sight (2008–12), and as Casey in the British comedy/drama series Loaded by Channel 4.

 Her film roles include Private Parts (1997), Deep Impact (1998), True Crime (1999), High Heels and Low Lifes (2001), K-PAX (2001), Dickie Roberts: Former Child Star (2003), Right at Your Door (2006), and 1408 (2007).

 Early life [ edit ]

 McCormack was born in Plainfield, New Jersey.[1] She is the daughter of clinical therapist Norah and car dealership and ice cream parlor owner William McCormack.[2] Her parents divorced in 1990.[3] Her sister Bridget is a justice of the Michigan Supreme Court[4] and a current professor of law at the University of Michigan Law School.[5] Her brother William is an actor[6] who has appeared in a recurring role as FBI agent Robert O'Connor on In Plain Sight.

 In 1987, McCormack graduated from the Wardlaw-Hartridge School in Edison, New Jersey. In 1991, she received her BA in comparative arts, specifically painting and creative writing, from Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut.[7]

 Career [ edit ]

 McCormack began her acting career at age 12, performing in Gian Carlo Menotti's Christmas opera Amahl and the Night Visitors.[citation needed] She continued her stage work in musicals and finished an acting program at the William Esper Studio.[3] She has worked in New York theater productions, including The Atlantic Theater Company, Alice's 4th Floor, and Naked Angels, where she appeared in Jon Robin Baitz's A Fair Country.[citation needed]

 McCormack portrayed Justine Appleton on Murder One (1995–1997)[3] and also starred in the HBO series K Street, which aired for only ten episodes.[citation needed] She starred in Howard Stern's movie Private Parts in 1997.[3] In 2004, McCormack joined the cast of The West Wing as Deputy National Security Advisor and ex-CIA officer Kate Harper. Her character soon became a recurring role and remained throughout the last three seasons until the series finale.[8]

 McCormack starred in the USA Network series In Plain Sight. She portrayed Mary Shannon, a deputy United States marshal attached to the Albuquerque, New Mexico, office of the Federal Witness Security Program (WITSEC), more commonly known as the Federal Witness Protection Program. On July 28, 2010, the show was renewed for its fourth and fifth seasons, to run in 2011 and 2012.[9] The show was ended in 2011, making the fifth season its last.[10] After its end, McCormack was cast as the lead in Kari Lizer's untitled comedy pilot on ABC.[11]

 McCormack was nominated for the 2008 Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play for the role of Gretchen in the 2008 Broadway revival of Boeing Boeing.[12]

 In 2012, McCormack reunited with the cast of The West Wing to film a video that served both as a reminder that U.S. voters should vote for non-partisan candidates when they cast their ballots and as a video promoting McCormack's sister's ultimately successful judicial candidacy for the Michigan State Supreme Court.[13]

 In October 2013, McCormack started filming scenes for A Conspiracy on Jekyll Island alongside Frank Grillo, AnnaSophia Robb, Minnie Driver, Dianna Agron, John Leguizamo, Ed Westwick, Christopher McDonald and Maggie Q.[14] The film is directed by Aram Rappaport and produced by Hilary Shor, Atit Shah and Aaron Becker.[15][16][17] Jekyll Island is set to release in 2016.[citation needed]

 In 2016, McCormack played a supporting role in the Amazon.com exclusive special An American Girl Story - Maryellen 1955: Extraordinary Christmas alongside Alyvia Alyn Lind, who played the title character.

 Personal life [ edit ]

 In July 2003, McCormack married director and producer Michael Morris.[18] Together they have three daughters, Margaret (born 2004), Rose (born 2007), and Lillian (born 2011).[19]

 McCormack is the godmother of In Plain Sight co-star Fred Weller's daughter.[20]

 Filmography [ edit ]

 As a producer Year Title Notes 2010 In Plain Sight Episode: "Father Goes West"

 Theatre [ edit ]

 Year Title Role Notes 1999 Cabaret Sally Bowles Replacement 2008 Boeing-Boeing Gretchen ||||| Tweet with a location

 You can add location information to your Tweets, such as your city or precise location, from the web and via third-party applications. You always have the option to delete your Tweet location history. Learn more ||||| Tesla's stock is burning up.

 Tesla Inc. (TSLA) shares slumped in pre-market trading Monday following a weekend report that one of its electric cars, owned by British film director Michael Morris, burst into flames in Hollywood over the weekend.

 Actress Mary McCormack, who is married to the director of the Netflix Inc. (NFLX) series 13 Reasons Why, Kingdom and Bloodline. filmed the incident, which she said took place on Santa Monica Blvd in Los Angeles, and posted it on the social networking site Twitter. Tesla said it was investigating the incident.

 "This is what happened to my husband and his car today," McCormack said in a Saturday post that has since been deleted. "No accident, out of the blue, in traffic on Santa Monica Blvd."

 Tesla shares were marked 1.9% lower in pre-market trading in New York Monday, indicating and opening bell price of $352.6 each, a move that would trim the stock's year-to-date gain to around 13.5%.

 @Tesla This is what happened to my husband and his car today. No accident,out of the blue, in traffic on Santa Monica Blvd. Thank you to the kind couple who flagged him down and told him to pull over. And thank god my three little girls weren't in the car with him pic.twitter.com/O4tPs5ftVo — Mary McCormack (@marycmccormack) June 16, 2018

 The report is the latest in a series of negative headline and setbacks for the Elon Musk-founded group, which is attempting to convince its investors that it won't seek fresh capital in the months ahead and that it can meet its own aggressive delivery targets despite recent layoffs and ongoing bottlenecks in its production.

 Musk himself Tweeted Saturday that a new assembly line had been completed in three weeks at his Fremont, Calif., facility as he continues to push to meet the 5,000-unit-a-week target for production of his mid-priced Model 3 sedan.

 Amazing work by Tesla team. Built entire new general assembly line in 3 weeks w minimal resources. Love u guys so much! Pic of 1st Model 3 dual motor performance coming off the line … pic.twitter.com/Xr55P3fmGd — Elon Musk (@elonmusk) June 16, 2018

 Last week, filings revealed that Musk bought about 72,000 Tesla shares between June 12 and 13th for $342.77 to $347 a share and now owns 33.74 million shares worth a staggering roughly $12 billion at current prices.

 That follows Musk's previous most recent insider purchase of 33,000 shares between $295.02 and $302.13 on May 7th. That came less than a week after Tesla reported its fiscal first quarter of earnings. ||||| @ Tesla This is what happened to my husband and his car today. No accident,out of the blue, in traffic on Santa Monica Blvd. Thank you to the kind couple who flagged him down and told him to pull over. And thank god my three little girls weren’t in the car with himpic.twitter.com/O4tPs5ftVo |||||

Write a summary.

– The latest unfortunate headline for Tesla comes courtesy of actress Mary McCormack, who on Friday tweeted a video of a Model S with flames shooting from it. "This is what happened to my husband and his car today. No accident,out of the blue, in traffic on Santa Monica Blvd. Thank you to the kind couple who flagged him down and told him to pull over. And thank god my three little girls weren’t in the car with him," wrote McCormack, who has had leading roles in series including Murder One and The West Wing. Tesla says it is investigating, calling such an incident is "extraordinarily unusual," CBS News reports. Responding to queries on Twitter, McCormack said the Tesla wasn't equipped with Autopilot and that her husband was "barely moving in traffic" at the time. "Our initial investigation shows that the cabin of the vehicle was totally unaffected by the fire due to our battery architecture, which is designed to protect the cabin in the very rare event that a battery fire occurs," Tesla says in a statement. It is not officially blaming a faulty battery for the fire, but local authorities say that could be the case. The editor-in-chief of car site Edmunds notes, "We've driven over 50,000 miles in these vehicles and have never replicated this or anything like it, nor have we seen any evidence elsewhere of other cars spontaneously catching fire, so I think it needs more investigation." The Street notes that Tesla's stock slumped in pre-market trading Monday.


Here is a news article: Aretha Franklin says she�s filing a $10 million lawsuit against the News Nerd over the �satirical� story the website posted about a supposed fight she had with singer Patti LaBelle.

 The News Nerd story claimed that LaBelle was �arrested for assault and battery� after she attacked Franklin with �a Mayweather style right and left� at a March 20 concert in Atlanta. The fictional brawl happened because the Queen of Soul supposedly slighted LaBelle at a PBS �In Performance at the White House: Women of Soul� program taped earlier in March.

 �The stories were not presented as satire or humor,� Franklin said through her publicist, Gwendolyn Quinn. �It was presented as a serious news story intended to depict me in a slanderous and derogatory way � defamation of character.�

 The News Nerd �reported�: �While Aretha Franklin was making her way to the stage, Labelle extended her hand to greet the �Respect� singer, when she threw epic shade in an effort to avoid her. The two exchanged obscenities after the event and parted ways.�

 Not mentioned in the News Nerd�s article is that the PBS program also showed Franklin hug LaBelle after the Queen of Soul left the stage.

 There is a disclaimer at the bottom of the News Nerd site explaining that it is a satirical site: �The stories posted on TheNewsNerd are for entertainment purposes only. The stories may mimic articles found in the headlines, but rest assured they are purely satirical.�

 The News Nerd story was originally posted with the byline �Kato Leonard,� but it is currently credited to �The News Nerd Staff� instead. The story appears to have been edited, as well.

 After the fictional story went viral, Franklin released a statement Tuesday explaining that the fight never happened, and �Patti and I are cool and we always have been.� Now, Franklin is talking to her lawyers.

 More related video ||||| This weekend, a News Nerd story with the headline "Patti Labelle Arrested After Fist Fight with Aretha Franklin" made the rounds. As of right now, the post has been shared 1,700 times on Twitter and 41,000 times on Facebook. People gleefully spread the news that these ladies of soul, elegance, and attitude came to blows. Of course, if people thought for a second, "That's ridiculous! I've never heard of the News Nerd. Can I trust this source?" and then checked the site's home page, they would have seen more ridiculous headlines and a disclaimer at the bottom of the screen:

 The stories posted on TheNewsNerd are for entertainment purposes only. The stories may mimic articles found in the headlines, but rest assured they are purely satirical.

 But people are busy and/or lazy and/or really wanted to believe that two living titans clashed. They saw that gif of Franklin apparently shading LaBelle at the White House in March (included in the News Nerd story and referenced as a source of tension between the singers) and wanted more of that but bloodier.

 Aretha Franklin was not amused. Aretha Franklin has announced that she is suing the News Nerd for $10 million. The Detroit News reports:

 "The stories were not presented as satire or humor," Franklin said through her publicist, Gwendolyn Quinn. "It was presented as a serious news story intended to depict me in a slanderous and derogatory way — defamation of character."

 In the News Nerd's diva fanfic, LaBelle is the one who beats up Franklin, so if there is defamation of character happening, it's in faux-reporting that Franklin couldn't take LaBelle:

 Onlookers say LaBelle quickly removed her wig and earrings as she approached Franklin. Aretha, knowing that the removal of earrings is a tell-tale sign that a fight is about to ensue, attempted to prepare herself for the confrontation. Franklin was quickly struck with a Mayweather style right and left and stumbled backwards, landing awkwardly. Bystanders subdued LaBelle and escorted her outside of the venue. Franklin suffered only minor injuries.

 Aretha Franklin will have you know that Patti LaBelle is no match for her, thank you very much.

 (Just kidding. That was satire. Don't take it out of context and spread it amongst your internet friends.)

 Earlier this week, Franklin issued a statement denying that the fight ever happened:

 I've never heard anything crazier—regarding myself and Patti allegedly fighting on March 20, in Atlanta. On March 20, I was in New York City readying for my birthday patty (Sorry. LOL. Laughing at my typo error). I meant PARTY, which we all had one fabulous time. Patti and I are cool and we always have been. I enjoyed her at the White House. Classic Patti.

 Dig that "patty/PARTY LOL" moment and think to yourself, "Who's zoomin' who?"

 Anyway, Aretha Franklin probably won't get $10 million because: satire, but at least all the ink that such a huge sum commands will ensure that her truth will travel. She's basically using the Streisand effect to her benefit.

 [Image via Getty] ||||| On April 11, the Onion-ish "news site" The News Nerd published a fictional story titled "Patti Labelle Arrested After Fist Fight with Aretha Franklin."

 The story claims LaBelle decked Franklin with a punch following a back-and-forth feud. This scuffle most definitely did not occur, though Franklin found it necessary to issue a formal refutation of the incident today:

 "I've never heard anything crazier—regarding myself and Patti allegedly fighting on March 20, in Atlanta. On March 20, I was in New York City readying for my birthday patty (Sorry. LOL. Laughing at my typo error). I meant PARTY, which we all had one fabulous time. Patti and I are cool and we always have been. I enjoyed her at the White House. Classic Patti."

 Poor Aretha -- either her team is feeding her some deeply misleading information or she doesn't quite get the (attempted) humor of the internet. To Franklin's credit, several of the article's commenters appeared to miss the joke as well. Here are a few nuggets:

 "OMG…ARE YOU SERIOUS. .? Smh…"

 "What a stupid way for two elderly people to react ,i am very much sorry about the situation."

 "You two lady’s need to bury that nonsense and move on y’all have been friends to long"

 FYI: The bottom of the News Nerd site contains a disclaimer saying its posts are for "entertainment purposes only." |||||
A summary of this is?

– There's a disclaimer at the bottom of the News Nerd site clarifying that articles found therein "are purely satirical," but the thousands of people who shared one of the stories on Facebook and Twitter this weekend may not have noticed said disclaimer. The satirical article in question, published April 11, claimed that Aretha Franklin and Patti LaBelle got into a fistfight at an Atlanta concert in March. But people seemed to believe it when it went viral, Gawker reports, and now Franklin is suing News Nerd—for $10 million. Franklin tells the Detroit News, through her publicist, that the News Nerd article was "not presented as satire or humor. It was presented as a serious news story intended to depict me in a slanderous and derogatory way—defamation of character." Here are a few lines from the "serious" story: "Onlookers say LaBelle quickly removed her wig and earrings as she approached Franklin. Aretha, knowing that the removal of earrings is a tell-tale sign that a fight is about to ensue, attempted to prepare herself for the confrontation. Franklin was quickly struck with a Mayweather style right and left and stumbled backwards, landing awkwardly." Franklin had on Tuesday issued a rather amusing statement after the article started to pick up steam: "I've never heard anything crazier ... On March 20, I was in New York City readying for my birthday patty (Sorry. LOL. Laughing at my typo error). I meant PARTY, which we all had one fabulous time. Patti and I are cool and we always have been."


"There is almost literally no difference between watching Babies and just watching a baby."

 Babies! They're adorable! What with their big eyes and their smooth skin and their happy smiles and their unrivaled feces-production capabilities. Babies! Am I right?

 The documentary Babies asks the tough questions about human infants, questions such as: Aren't they cute? Seriously, would you look at them? How cute are they? Couldn't you just eat them up? The answers may surprise you.

 Four infants from different corners of the globe are our entry points into the world of babydom. Ponijao, a boy, lives happily amid dirt and flies in the desert of Namibia. Bayarjargal, also a boy, is Mongolian. The fairer sex is represented by Mari, in Tokyo, and Hattie, in San Francisco. The filmmaker, Thomas Balmes, starts with their births (quite graphically, in one case), then observes them for about two years.

 And, uh, that's it. Balmes makes no attempt to shape the footage into "stories" or "plots." He employs no narrator. When the babies' parents and caretakers speak in their native tongues, no subtitles are provided. Balmes' intent is not to interfere or interpret or direct, but merely to observe. That's admirable when you're documenting something dynamic or controversial. But without some nudging, babies don't DO anything. They coo, cry, laugh, gurgle, crawl, and toddle. And while that's pleasant to watch now and then, it gets tiresome when it lasts 80 minutes. The babies stay young, but the movie gets old fast.

 Some of the cultural differences are interesting, though. There's an amusing contrast between the upscale urban lives of Mari and Hattie and the rural, primitive way Ponijao and Bayar are brought up. While Hattie's mother is at the pediatrician's office asking about SIDS and the right position for Hattie to sleep in, Ponijao's mother is squatting in the dirt, being pooped on by her naked baby, then wiping it off with a dry corncob. Mari is coddled by her mother at a play group, where jaunty baby songs are sung. Bayar is left unattended in a field of cattle.

 Sure, the babies' interactions with their siblings and pets are occasionally amusing. If you trained a camcorder on your own baby for several hours, you'd capture events very much like these, though perhaps with less corncobbing. In fact, there is almost literally no difference between watching Babies and just watching a baby. Alfred Hithcock said drama is "life with the dull bits cut out." Babies is life with the dull bits intact.

 Grade: C

 * * * *

 Eric D. Snider (website) refuses to buy anything less than a two-ply corncob. ||||| Enlarge By Focus Features Hello, Hattie: She's one of the four babies profiled in Babies, and she lives a relatively privileged life in San Francisco with her family. ABOUT THE MOVIE ABOUT THE MOVIE Babies * * * 1/2 (out of four) Director: Thomas Balmes

 Distributor: Focus Features

 Rating: PG for cultural and maternal nudity throughout

 Running time: 1 hour, 19 minutes

 Opens Friday nationwide There's nothing Hollywood or Gerber about Babies. But it will be hard to watch this extraordinary film and its adorable stars without a goofy smile. This observant documentary offers an up-close-and-personal glimpse of four babies from vastly different cultures in their first year of life. It's no home video. The photography is stunning, and Bruno Coulais' music adds just the right soundtrack to this intriguing visual diary. TRAILER: Check out 'Babies' DOCUMENTARY: 'Babies' makes mothers' day 9 LIL' FACTS: How 'Babies' was conceived Director Thomas Balmès has a light touch capturing the captivating moments of early life. It's not a traditional documentary; there's no narration, subtitles or scientific information imparted. There's far more gurgling and cooing than dialogue. The developmental similarities are there, but it's the differences in behavior and circumstances that jump out. We meet the easygoing Ponijao, her mother and other members of her Himba tribe outside her family's dirt hut in Namibia. Curious Bayarjargal lives with his parents and siblings and a herd of cattle on their farm in remote Mongolia. Mari has a toy-filled existence in a small apartment with her parents in Tokyo. Hattie lives a pampered American life in San Francisco with parents. She is taken to baby yoga, and a book titled No Hitting sits prominently on a bookshelf. Ponijao and other tribal children share easily, Bayarjargal and his brother squabble, but their parents generally let them work it out. Mari doesn't have as much chance to interact with other babies, but gets frustrated by the bevy of educational toys set out to amuse her. Some of the most riveting moments in this cinematic scrapbook are those most removed from American experience. Bayarjargal lies swaddled on his back, watching raptly as a colorful rooster parades around his bed, perilously close to stepping on the infant. When old enough to crawl, he fearlessly makes his way into a herd of cattle. No one is around to swoop him up. But the cows step around him and the boy obliviously ambles off. Ponijao exchanges a kiss with a roaming dog. Ponijao and her family seem the most content, though their circumstances are easily the most meager. This could be because of Balmès' Rousseau-like belief in the nobility of those living closest to the natural state. There does seem to be this subtle point of view, based on his scenes chosen from the 400 hours of footage shot. The procession of youthful behavior is almost hypnotic, but Babies is delivered with refreshing immediacy and joyful humor. Guidelines: You share in the USA TODAY community, so please keep your comments smart and civil. Don't attack other readers personally, and keep your language decent. Use the "Report Abuse" button to make a difference. You share in the USA TODAY community, so please keep your comments smart and civil. Don't attack other readers personally, and keep your language decent. Use the "Report Abuse" button to make a difference. Read more ||||| Movie review: 'Babies,' a joyous and buoyant new documentary

 Director Thomas Balmès documents the first year in the lives of four infants from different parts of the world.

 Our stars here are Ponijao from Namibia, Mari in Tokyo, Hattie from San Francisco and Bayarjargal, the only boy in the bunch, from Mongolia. We meet them at birth or soon after with Hattie's short hospital stay, her body wired to countless high-tech machines, a reminder of how fragile life can be. Sturdy too, as Bayar is strapped up papoose style just hours after birth for the motorcycle trip back to the pasture where the family's cattle graze.

 It is both a strength and a weakness that beyond the normal spills that come with sitting, crawling, walking and other early milestones, there is not one truly difficult moment that darkens the screen. If anything, the sweet-smelling "Babies" is the complete opposite of the conflict-riddled reality media world that dominates these days. The "awww" without the "shock" definitely makes "Babies" a very huggable movie experience, just not a primer on parenthood.

 Like the trailer that has been charming audiences for months, this is babyhood airbrushed to a high gloss. Squalls are few, colic doesn't exist, neither does disease, diaper rash or diapers at all for that matter as director Thomas Balmès traces the first year in the lives of four infants from four corners of the world.

 In the joyous and buoyant new documentary "Babies," the filmmakers keep the baby — and the bathwater — and everything else about infants that makes them so appealing that the rest of us keep making more of them.

 Circumstances range from primitive — Poni's family is part of an extended rural Himba tribe — to the urban affluence of Tokyo and San Francisco. It's a testament to the fundamental adorableness of infants that all were "cast" before they were born and are universally photogenic. Even so, stars will always emerge and Ponijao and Bayar, whose lives are virtually untouched by modern conveniences or modern parenting, prove to be major scene-stealers who could have carried the film on their own.

 The director has said one of the main characteristics he wanted in the families he would follow was that the child would be loved. That is perhaps the most significant truth of the film: Children surrounded by love are likely to thrive and are delightful to observe.

 Even though these are beautiful babies, there is an art to creating images that are both provocative and powerful, and in that the director is skilled. A good thing since there is no narrative, no script, no statistics — just coos, gurgles, laughter and the occasional scream. Thankfully actions do speak louder than words, with Mari's tantrum over her difficulties mastering the classic stacking toy of doughnut-shaped wooden circles that must be slipped onto a dowel all that needs to be said about frustration. The lack of language, for both the subjects and the film itself, also keeps any larger messages about the real task of having and raising babies at bay.

 That is not to say there is no story. Balmès, editors Craig McKay ("Reds," "The Silence of the Lambs" ) and Reynald Bertrand ("La Crème"), and music by Bruno Coulais ( "Coraline" ) create a nearly perfectly paced window into an infant's evolution. The filmmakers stay with each baby long enough to capture their individuality and switch at the right moments to underscore how certain experiences are alike no matter who or where you are — the day Bayar discovers his feet for instance.

 For the French documentarian, "Babies" represents a significant shift in style and topic. Balmès began his career with the 1996 "Bosnia Hotel," following U.N. peacekeepers from Kenya as they monitored the volatile Eastern European country. In the years since, he has examined a Nokia factory in China, a personal injury law firm in Connecticut and the Mad Cow crisis in India, where cows may be mad but they're also sacred.

 Although "Babies" is light and filled with laughter, the making of the film was labor-intensive, shooting for 400 days over two years, often 12-hour days yielding only one usable shot. Balmès relied on a digital camera and often virtually no crew to keep the babies' environment as natural as possible. The result is irresistible and possibly infectious. Childhood and child-rearing through Balmès lens is overflowing with love and free of disappointments and pain — oh, if it were only so. ||||| For some reason, Thomas Balmès’s documentary “Babies’’ is being released in time for Mother’s Day weekend. Superficially, it seems like the right idea. Balmès found four perfectly adorable babies in different regions of the world — San Francisco, Mongolia, Tokyo, and the Namibian flatlands — and filmed them for about their first 12 months. But for some mothers, this will feel like work. See these children fight, cry, freak out, stare off into space, be cleaned, urinate, drink breast milk, and get a haircut. Been there, done that: Where are my flowers?

 Still, as an advertisement for the wonders of figuring out how to be alive, the movie is an engaging proposition. When the film isn’t oscillating among its subjects, it’s partially juxtaposing images. In California, Hattie’s dad takes a shower with her. In Namibia, Ponijao’s mother licks her clean. Balmès’s approach is averse to cuteness for its own sake and watchful enough to leave you time to wonder about how you’d feel spending the first year of your life with a camera in your face.

 Bayar in Mongolia seems like a deep thinker, lying on his back, indifferent to the rooster standing by his head. To her father’s consternation, Mari, the Tokyo baby, is a deep rattler. And Ponijao seems like a deep feeler — emotionally and tactilely. She wails when her older brother hits her and looks intense as she pushes her hands and face into barren red earth. This region of Namibia — Kunene — is the most consistently fascinating material in the film. Aside from National Geographic visits, it’s an infrequently documented part of the world. And the Himba people, who operate in tribes, wear few clothes, and spend a lot of time doing their hair, are innately cinematic. They live very low to the ground, among wildlife and livestock, and seem to get a kick out of each other. Blips of modernity — a plastic water bottle or an oil drum — appear around the homestead. Ponijao has a biological mother, but several tribeswomen are raising her and they find a source of amusement in her development.

 I don’t think the movie is looking for answers; it isn’t asking any questions. But by its very nature, this is both an experiment in ontology (do babies know they’re babies?) and existentialism (are they thinking about who to be?). Balmès tries to emphasize an aspect of communal life in most of the film’s four sections. In San Francisco, he appears to fall for clichés. At some point, Hattie, a blonde with blue eyes, finds herself in a hippie drum circle (“Hey yanna, ho yanna, hey yanna ho’’ — that sort of thing). Having heard enough, she heads to the nearest exit, implying, at the very least, a future in criticism.

 Wesley Morris can be reached at wmorris@globe.com.

 © Copyright 2010 Globe Newspaper Company. |||||
What is a one-paragraph summary of the above article?

– Critics are generally won over by Babies, a documentary that follows four infants' first years in San Francisco, Mongolia, Tokyo, and Namibia. Some samples: Wesley Morris, Boston Globe: "As an advertisement for the wonders of figuring out how to be alive, the movie is an engaging proposition." Betsy Sharkey, Los Angeles Times: "The 'awww' without the 'shock' definitely makes Babies a very huggable movie experience, just not a primer on parenthood." Claudia Puig, USA Today: "The photography is stunning," she writes. "The procession of youthful behavior is almost hypnotic, but Babies is delivered with refreshing immediacy and joyful humor." Eric D. Snider, Film.com: "There is almost literally no difference between watching Babies and just watching a baby. Alfred Hitchcock said drama is 'life with the dull bits cut out.' Babies is life with the dull bits intact."


Write an article based on this summary:

– The illness and death of Fiat Chrysler's fast-charging, unconventional CEO may have seemed sudden and surprising to many, but Sergio Marchionne was apparently sick for longer than anyone—even his employer—knew. That news comes to the Wall Street Journal from University Hospital Zurich, which notes Marchionne had a "serious illness" for which he sought treatment at the hospital for more than a year. In a statement issued to get ahead of "further speculation," UHZ says it gave the ailing Marchionne "all the options offered by cutting-edge medicine," though it didn't detail what exactly he was being treated for. And because of patient privacy rules, Fiat Chrysler says it was in the dark about Marchionne's issues. "The company had no knowledge of the facts relating to Mr. Marchionne's health," a company spokesman says, per Reuters, adding it wasn't until July 20 that it "was made aware with no detail by Mr. Marchionne's family of the serious deterioration in Mr. Marchionne's condition." The reason that's important is because "material" information about a company is required to be divulged to shareholders under securities laws. Whether a high-level exec's health counts as "material" can get murky, but a company can get itself into trouble if it puts out "half-truths or inconsistent statements," a Northwestern University professor tells the Journal. In February, Fiat Chrysler's annual report noted that Marchionne's hands-on involvement in the company was "critical to the execution of our strategic direction and implementation of our business plan," reports CNNMoney.

Sergio Marchionne had a “serious illness” lasting more than a year before the longtime Fiat Chrysler Automobiles NV chief died this week, a Swiss hospital said Thursday, a condition the car maker said it didn’t know about.

 FCA’s statement came after University Hospital Zurich disclosed that Mr. Marchionne had received recurring treatment at its facility. The Italian-American auto maker cited medical privacy as the reason why it had “no knowledge of the facts relating to Mr. Marchionne’s health.”

 ... ||||| ZURICH (Reuters) - Fiat Chrysler FCHI.MI said it knew nothing about the medical condition of Sergio Marchionne after a Swiss hospital said on Thursday it had been treating the deceased chief executive for more than a year.

 FILE PHOTO: Formula One - F1 - Italian Grand Prix 2017 - Monza, Italy - September 3, 2017 Ferrari president Sergio Marchionne arrives before the race REUTERS/Max Rossi/File photo

 “Due to medical privacy, the company had no knowledge of the facts relating to Mr. Marchionne’s health,” a Fiat Chrysler spokesman said.

 Questions have been raised about how long Marchionne, who died on Wednesday, was ill and how much the company knew before it made the situation public.

 Marchionne rescued Fiat and Chrysler from bankruptcy after taking the wheel of the Italian carmaker in 2004 and he multiplied Fiat’s value 11 times through 14 years of canny dealmaking. He was due to step down at FCA in April next year.

 “The company was made aware that Mr. Marchionne had undergone shoulder surgery and released a statement about this,” the spokesperson said.

 “On Friday July 20, the Company was made aware with no detail by Mr. Marchionne’s family of the serious deterioration in Mr. Marchionne’s condition and that as a result he would be unable to return to work. The Company promptly took and announced the appropriate action the following day.”

 Asked whether the scope of the statement included the board and the chairman, the company declined to comment.

 The announcement of the death of Marchionne, 66, one of the auto industry’s most tenacious and respected CEOs, drew tributes from rivals and tears from his closest colleagues on Wednesday.

 University Hospital Zurich said earlier on Thursday Marchionne had been having treatment for a serious illness for more than a year before his death.

 Marchionne had fallen gravely ill after what the company had

 described as shoulder surgery at a Zurich hospital. He was replaced as chief executive last weekend after Fiat Chrysler (FCA) said his condition had worsened.

 “Mr. Sergio Marchionne was a patient at USZ. Due to serious illness, he had been the recipient of recurring treatment for more than a year,” the hospital said in a statement.

 “Although all the options offered by cutting-edge medicine were utilized, Mr. Marchionne unfortunately passed away.”

 University Hospital Zurich declined to comment on Marchionne’s illness, but said it deeply regretted his death and expressed its condolences to his family. ||||| The Swiss hospital that treated Sergio Marchionne says the former Fiat Chrysler CEO received treatment for a serious illness for more than a year before he died.

 "Due to serious illness, he had been the recipient of recurring treatment for more than a year," University Hospital Zurich said in a statement. "Although all the options offered by cutting-edge medicine were utilized, Mr. Marchionne unfortunately passed away."

 The hospital said it was issuing the statement to combat rumors about how it treated the charismatic executive, who died Wednesday at age 66. He was known for reviving Fiat and Chrysler and bringing the brands together under one roof.

 Questions have been raised in the media over how long Marchionne had been unwell, and whether Fiat Chrysler had been informed. The automaker said it was only made aware last week of a "serious deterioration" in Marchionne's condition.

 "Due to medical privacy, the company had no knowledge of the facts relating to Mr. Marchionne's health," the company said in a statement on Thursday.

 "The company was made aware that Mr. Marchionne had undergone shoulder surgery and released a statement about this," it said.

 "On Friday July 20, the company was made aware with no detail by Mr. Marchionne's family of the serious deterioration in Mr. Marchionne's condition and that as a result he would be unable to return to work," it added. "The company promptly took and announced the appropriate action the following day."

 Related: Marchionne was an outsider and an original

 Fiat Chrysler (FCAU) had warned in its most recent annual report in February that Marchionne's ability to run the company was "critical to the execution of our strategic direction and implementation of our business plan."

 "We have developed succession plans that we believe are appropriate, although it is difficult to predict with any certainty that we will be able to replace these [executives] with persons of equivalent experience and capabilities," the company said.

 It's unusual for companies to require executives to disclose medical problems, according to HR professionals. However, some companies require their top brass to get annual health checks to protect their business interests.

 Fiat Chrysler (FCAU) declined to comment on its health policies related to its top executives. |||||


WASHINGTON (Reuters) - There’s not a pot of gold at the end of the rainbow. There’s an iridescent dinosaur.

 An illustration of a reconstruction of the iridescent dinosaur which had rainbow feathers, named Caihong juji, unearthed in China, is shown in this October 31, 2016 photo released on January 15, 2018. Courtesy Velizar Simeonovski/The Field Museum for the University of Texas at Austin/Handout via REUTERS

 Scientists on Monday announced the discovery of a crow-sized, bird-like dinosaur with colorful feathers from northeastern China that lived 161 million years ago during the Jurassic Period.

 They named it Caihong, the Mandarin word for rainbow. Microscopic structures in the exquisitely preserved, nearly complete fossil unearthed in Hebei Province indicated that it boasted iridescent feathers, particularly on its head, neck and chest, with colors that shimmered and shifted in the light, like those of hummingbirds.

 The discovery “suggests a more colorful Jurassic World than we previously imagined,” said evolutionary biologist Chad Eliason of the Field Museum in Chicago, one of the researchers in the study published in the journal Nature Communications.

 Using powerful microscopes, the scientists detected within the feathers the remnants of organelles called melanosomes responsible for pigmentation. Their shape determines the color. Caihong’s feathers had pancake-shaped melanosomes similar to those of hummingbirds with iridescent feathers.

 Much of its body had dark feathers, but ribbon-like iridescent feathers covered its head and neck. While it possessed many bird-like characteristics, the researchers doubted it could actually get airborne. Its plumage could have attracted mates while also providing insulation.

 Caihong was a two-legged predator with a Velociraptor-like skull and sharp teeth, probably hunting small mammals and lizards. It had crests above its eyes that looked like bony eyebrows.

 Many dinosaurs possessed feathers. Birds evolved from small feathered dinosaurs near the end of the Jurassic Period. Caihong had fuzzy feathers and pennaceous ones, those that look like writing quills. It is the earliest-known creature with asymmetrical feathers, a trait used by birds to steer when flying. Caihong’s were on its tail, suggesting tail feathers, not arm feathers, were first utilized for aerodynamic locomotion.

 “It is extremely similar to some early birds such as Archaeopteryx,” said paleontologist Xing Xu of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, referring to the earliest-known bird, which lived 150 million years ago. “Its forelimbs were configured like wings. To be honest, I am not sure what function the feathers have, and I don’t think that you can completely exclude the possibility that the feathers helped the animal to get in the air.”

 Asked what someone might say upon seeing Caihong, University of Texas paleontologist Julia Clarke said, “‘Wow!’ And if they are anything like me, they might want one as a pet. Not suitable for children.”

 The dinosaur’s full scientific name, Caihong juji, means “rainbow with a big crest.” ||||| Systematic palaeontology

 Theropoda Marsh, 1881

 Maniraptora Gauthier, 1986

 Paraves Sereno, 1998

 Caihong juji gen. et sp. nov.

 Etymology. Caihong is from the Mandarin ‘Caihong’ (rainbow), referring to the beautiful preservation of the holotype specimen of the animal and the array of insights it offers into paravian evolution; juji is from the Mandarin ‘ju’ (big) and ‘ji’ (crest), referring to the animal’s prominent lacrimal crests.

 Holotype. PMoL-B00175 (Paleontological Museum of Liaoning), a nearly complete skeleton with associated plumage preserved on a slab and counter slab from Gangou, Qinglong, northern Hebei Province, Tiaojishan Formation, early Late Jurassic, ~161 Myr9 (Supplementary Figs. 1–5; Supplementary Notes 1 and 2).

 Diagnosis. A small theropod with the following autapomorphies within Paraves: accessory fenestra posteroventral to promaxillary fenestra, lacrimal with prominent dorsolaterally oriented crests, robust dentary with anterior tip dorsoventrally deeper than its midsection and short ilium (<50% of the femoral length, compared to considerably >50% in other theropods).

 Differentia. Besides the aforementioned autapomorphies, Caihong juji further differs from the Yanliao theropods Anchiornis huxleyi, Xiaotingia zhengi, Eosinopteryx brevipenna and Aurornis xui in possessing the following features: a shallow skull with long snout (about 60% of skull length), antorbital fenestra much longer anteroposteriorly than high dorsoventrally, postorbital with extremely short squamosal process and exceedingly long jugal process, caudal vertebral series short (ie, caudal vertebral series/femur length ratio about 2.5, compared to ~4.0 in Anchiornis huxleyi and Aurornis xui; this ratio has been suggested to be 2.7 in Eosinopteryx brevipenna, but the illustrated posterior-most preserved caudal vertebrae are only slightly shorter than the mid-series caudals5 and thus are not the terminal caudals in that taxon), forelimb proportionally short (about 60% the hindlimb length, compared to about 85% in Anchiornis huxleyi, about 80% in Aurornis xui and 75% in Eosinopteryx brevipenna), forearm proportionally long (ulna and radius longer than humerus, a feature only known in relatively derived birds and in the scansoriopterygid Yi qi among theropods) and manual unguals proportionally small (eg, Manual phalanx III-3/III-2 length ratio about 0.5, compared to ~0.9 in Anchiornis huxleyi and other Tiaojishan theropods).

 Caihong juji further differs from Anchiornis huxleyi, Eosinopteryx brevipenna and Aurornis xui but not Xiaotingia zhengi in the following features: jugal with long and shallow quadratojugal process, ilium with a long preacetabular process (about 60% of iliac length compared to about 50% in Anchiornis huxleyi, Aurornis xui and Eosinopteryx brevipenna) and comparatively short lower segments of hindlimb (eg, tibiotarsus <120% of femoral length, compared to about 160% in Anchiornis huxleyi and about 140% in Aurornis xui and Eosinopteryx brevipenna).

 Caihong juji further differs Xiaotingia zhengi in the following features: the posterior maxillary ramus shallow (ie, a depth at mid-length considerably smaller than the corresponding portion of the dentary), the surangular with less extensive lateral exposure, a moderately large surangular foramen, the tooth crowns recurved and slender in lateral view, metacarpal IV less robust than metacarpals II and III; and manual phalanx III-2 shorter than metacarpal III (we identify the three manual digits of maniraptorans as II-III-IV following some recent studies7,10, rather than as I-II-III as in many other studies11), ischium with rectangular obturator process (only known in Anchiornis huxleyi, Aurornis xui, and Eosinopteryx brevipenna and Archaeopteryx among coelurosaurs), among others. Caihong juji further differs Eosinopteryx brevipenna in the following features: ilium with relatively deep postacetabular process and extensive tail feathering.

 Caihong juji further differs Aurornis xui in the following features: manual phalanx II-1 about the same in thickness as the radius, ilium with a convex dorsal margin, ischium with posteriorly curved distal end (compared to the unusually anteroventrally curved ischial distal end in Aurornis), and extremely short metatarsal I (<15% of the metatarsal length, compared to about 30% in Aurornis xui), among others. Caihong juji differs from Pedopenna daohugouensis in the following features: a relatively robust pedal phalanx I-1 (a length/mid-shaft-diameter ratio of about 4.0, compared to 7.2 in Pedopenna), an extremely short metatarsal I (<15% of the metatarsal III length, compared to about 25% in Pedopenna), pedal phalanx III-3 considerably longer than III-2 (III-3 slightly shorter than III-2 in Pedopenna) and extensive feathering of the pedal digits.

 Description and comparisons

 The holotype is assessed to be an adult based on closure of the neurocentral sutures in all preserved vertebrae. It is small (Supplementary Table 1), estimated to be ~400 mm in total skeletal body length with a body mass of ~475 g12.

 The cranial morphology is well exposed on the left side of the rostrum of the skull and mandible preserved on the counter slab, but poorly exposed on the slab and other parts of the skull and mandible on the counter slab (Fig. 1, Supplementary Fig. 4a, b). In order to understand better the cranial morphology, we prepare the slab from the bottom side, which reveals well most of the left side of the skull and mandible except the rostrum (Supplementary Fig. 4c). In general, the skull and mandible are well preserved, with most elements preserved in their original anatomical positions, though a few elements are slightly displaced (Fig. 1d, e). For example, the nasals are slightly inclined anteroventrally, the left palatine is slightly displaced dorsally, the left lacrimal slightly anteriorly and the braincase slightly anteriorly.

 Fig. 1 Caihong juji holotype specimen (PMoL-B00175). Photographs of the slab (a) and counter slab (b) and line drawing (c) of the specimen based on both slabs. Photograph (d) and line drawing (e) of a composite of the rostrum of the skull and mandible exposed on the counter slab and the post-rostrum cranium exposed on the slab. Arrows indicate lacrimal crests. Question mark indicates uncertain identification. Scale bars: 10 cm a–c, 1 cm d and e. aof antorbital fenestra, cav caudal vertebra, cev cervical vertebra, dr dorsal rib, dv dorsal vertebra, ect ectopterygoid, emf external mandibular fenestra, en external naris, f feather, fu furcula, ga gastralia, hy hyoid, il ilium, is ischium, la left angular, lar left articular, lc left coracoid, lcr lacrimal crest, ld left dentary, lf left, frontal, lfe left femur, lh left humerus, lj left jugal, ll left lacrimal, lma left maxilla, lm left manus, ln left nasal, lp left pes, lpa left palatine, lpo left postorbital, lq left quadrate, lqj left quadratojugal, lr left radius, ls left scapula, lsp left splenial, lsa left surangular, lsq left squamosal, lt left tibiotarsus, lu left ulna, ma mandible, mf maxillary fenestra, o orbit, p parietal, pm premaxilla, pt pterygoid, pu pubis, rar right articular, rc right coracoid, rd right dentary, rfe right femur, rh right humerus, rm right manus, rp right pes, rpra right prearticular, rq right quadrate, rr right radius, rs right scapula, rt right tibiotarsus, ru right ulna, scl sclerotic bones, sk skull, sy synsacrum Full size image

 The skull is long (slightly shorter than the femur in length) and shallow (maximum height/length ratio about 0.2). It displays five major openings from lateral view: an elongate-oval-shaped external naris that extends posteriorly beyond the anterior border of the antorbital fossa as in many other basal paravians4, a hypertrophied elliptical maxillary fenestra that is centrally located, an anteroposteriorly elongated antorbital fenestra that is ~40% of the anteroposterior length of the antorbital fossa and that appears to be extensively medially walled as in the troodontid Mei13, an orbit longer anteroposteriorly than dorsoventrally, and a relatively large infratemporal fenestra.

 The premaxilla has a small prenarial portion and a nearly vertical anterior margin more common in dromaeosaurids than in troodontids and basal birds. The subnarial portion is large and longer anteroposteriorly than dorsoventrally. A slender subnarial process contacts a slender nasal subnarial process about the mid-length of the external naris to separate the external naris from the maxilla. The nasal process of the premaxilla is flattened dorsoventrally, a feature seen in troodontids and ornithomimosaurs14.

 The maxilla is relatively shallow element, with the maximum height/length ratio about 0.3. It has a relatively small and high anterior ramus and a slender subantorbital-fossa ramus that has parallel dorsal and ventral margins and a robust posterior portion. There is a shallow groove along the lateral surface of the subantorbial-fossa ramus in which there are a row of anteroposteriorly-elongate, large foramina. The antorbital fossa contains a large promaxillary fenestra as in some basal paravians including Archaeopteryx4, posteroventral to which is an accessory fenestra. Both fenestrae are at least partially walled medially. The maxillary fenestra is separated from the antorbital fenestra by a narrow interfenestral bar, the posterior margin of which is scalloped in two places, indicating the posterior ends of the narial passage and a ventral canal connecting the antorbital and maxillary fenestrae as in troodontids15.

 The nasal is a major element contributing to the roof of the snout. It sends anteroventrally a slender subnarial process to the level of the mid-length of the external naris, which overlaps the lateral surface of the subnarial process of the premaxilla.

 The lacrimal is tetra-radiated, with an anterior process, a posterior process, a descending process and a fourth dorsolateral process. The anterior process is not well exposed, and thus it is not known whether the anterior process is highly elongated as in troodontids14. As in many paravians16, a posterior process is present, and furthermore, it is long as in many deinonychosaurs16. The descending process of the lacrimal has an anteroposteriorly relatively broad lateral surface and expanded ventral end. One striking feature is the presence of a fourth dorsolateral process at the junctional area of the aforementioned three processes, which extends laterally first and then curves dorsally. This process is robust and has a somewhat horned shape in lateral view, unlike the other three processes which are laminal. In many troodontids, the lacrimal extends laterally to form a horizontal shelf over the anterodorsal corner of the orbit16,17 and in the unenlagiid Austroraptor, a fourth process, which projects posterolaterally, is present lateral to a tiny posterior process18.

 The frontal contributes to the dorsal border of the large orbit. Posteriorly, the frontal is arched. The internal surface of the frontal bears a prominent crista cranium along the orbital edge, which appears to be more prominent posteriorly than anteriorly. The parietal exposes little, but the posterolateral corner of the left parietal is visible. The lateral end of the transverse nuchal crest is not particularly prominent and a short and relatively broad posterolateral process is visible.

 The postorbital has an extremely long jugal process, which extends ventrally close to the ventral border of the orbit, and appears to have an extremely short squamosal process and a frontal process that is not strongly upturned. A prominent eminence appears present at the junction with the jugal process, but, this could be a preservation artefact.

 The jugal has a very shallow but strap-like suborbital ramus, along the ventral edge of the lateral surface of which is a prominent ridge, a feature also known in some troodontids and basal dromaeosaurids. The postorbital process orients much more posteriorly than dorsally and its great length suggests a long overlapping contact with the jugal process of the postorbital. The quadratojugal process (the posterior process) is long and slender, suggesting the presence of a long contact with the quadratojugal.

 The quadratojugal has an extremely long jugal process, which is considerably thickened mediolaterally. The squamosal process appears to be very short, suggesting the absence of the quadratojugal-squamosal contact. There is no distinct posterior process, which is present in dromaeosaurids19. The quadrate is strongly curved, and appears to lack a large quadratojugal flange and a large lateral flange. Unusually among paravians, the dorsal end of the quadrate lies more anteriorly than the ventral end, but this might be a preservation artefact. The palatine is a large tetraradiate element. It has a distinctive pneumatic fossa on the ventral surface. Sclerotic ossicles are preserved within the orbit. They are thin plates with a sub-rectangular outline, but more details are not obtainable.

 The dentary is a long and shallow bone, roughly triangular in lateral view as in troodontids14. The anterior end is not slightly downturned as in Sinovenator20, and the anterior portion is deep dorsoventrally, even greater in depth than the middle portion. As in troodontids and unenlagiids14,21, there is a groove on the lateral surface of the dentary, which is narrow anteriorly but much wider posteriorly. Elongated vascular foramina are located within the groove as in troodontids and unenlagiids14,15,21. In medial view, a centrally located Meckelian canal is extremely narrow and deep anteriorly, and becomes much wider posteriorly.

 The surangular forms more than half of the lateral surface of the posterior portion of the mandible. The anterior process of the surangular bears a groove on the lateral surface for contacting the dentary and it forms the dorsal and posterior border of the external mandibular fenestra. The angular forms the ventral border of the large external mandibular fenestra. The anterior portion of the angular is shallow and the posterior portion deep in lateral view, but it appears not to be as curved as many other deinonychosaurs.

 The splenial has a relatively large lateral exposure as in deinonychosaurs16 and possibly Archaeopteryx4. It has a long and shallow posterior process, which contacts the ventral margin of the prearticular and angular, and its anterior portion is not well exposed. Two ceratobranchial elements from the hyoid are preserved.

 Caihong resembles basal troodontids and to a lesser degree basal dromaeosaurids in dental features (Supplementary Fig. 4d–h): anterior teeth are slender and closely packed, but middle and posterior teeth are more stout and sparsely spaced. Serrations are absent in the premaxilla and anterior maxilla; the more strongly recurved mid-dentary teeth have posterior serrations, and the posterior-most dentary teeth have short stout crowns with large, apically hooked serrations along both mesial and distal carina. One unusual feature shared with some basal troodontids such as Mei13 is the extremely long maxillary tooth row: the posterior-most maxillary tooth is located close to the preorbital bar, unlike most maniraptorans that have a short maxillary tooth row terminating considerably anterior to the preorbital bar.

 Caihong has probably 10 cervical vertebrae, no more than 13 dorsal, 5 sacral and 26 caudal vertebrae (Figs. 1 and 2). The cervical centra appear to be weakly angled in lateral view as in Archaeopteryx and Anchiornis2,22. Slender cervical ribs are parallel to the cervical series and they appear to be long and overlap with neighbouring ribs (Fig. 2a). The dorsal centra are anteroposteriorly long and lack distinctive pneumatic fossae or foramina (Fig. 2b) as in basal deinonychosaurs and Archaeopteryx20. The dorsal neural spines are posteriorly expanded distally (Fig. 2b). The sacrum comprises five vertebrae, but little can be said about their morphology.

 Fig. 2 Photographs of the vertebral column of Caihong juji. a Posterior cervical vertebrae in dorsal view; b middle dorsal vertebrae in lateral view; c anterior caudal vertebrae in dorsal view; d middle caudal vertebrae in lateral view; e posterior caudal vertebrae in lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 cm Full size image

 A complete caudal series comprises 26 vertebrae and it measures only 2.5 times femoral length, proportionally much shorter than those of all other Yanliao taxa2,6,23. The proportionally short bony tail is due to the relatively small size of each vertebra. As in other paravians, the anterior caudals are short and with prominent transverse processes and neural spines (Fig. 2c); more posterior ones become longer and bear smaller transverse processes and neural spines (Fig. 2d, e). The transition point, which is determined by the absence of transverse process, occurs between caudal 7 and 8. As in basal paravians20, the middle and posterior caudal vertebrae are comparatively elongate (ie, the longest caudal vertebra in the midseries is 2.3 times as long as the anterior-most caudal vertebrae). The plate-like chevrons all are short, with the first three longer dorsoventrally than wide anteroposteriorly, the next two sub-equal in length and width, and more posterior ones wider than long, a condition seen in Avialae.

 As in basal troodontids and other Tiaojishan theropods, the scapula is slightly shorter than the humerus and the rectangular coracoid has a prominent coracoid tubercle and a relatively small postglenoid process (Fig. 3a). The furcula is relatively slender. Unlike oviraptorosaurs and dromaeosaurids, but as in troodontids, other Tiaojishan theropods, and some basal avialans, ossified sternum and uncinate processes are absent.

 Fig. 3 Photographs of the pectoral girdle and limbs of Caihong juji. a Right scapula and coracoid in medial and proximal views; b right forelimb; c left manus; d left and right hind limbs. Scale bar: 1 cm in a, c, and 5 cm in b, d Full size image

 The forelimbs in Caihong measure only about 60% the hindlimb length, proportionally shorter than most other basal paravians2,23. The humerus is nearly as robust as the femur in most basal paravians (Fig. 3b), but it is proportionally shorter than in other Tiaojishan theropods and many basal paravians (eg, a humerus/femur length ratio is about 0.6, compared to about 1.0 in Anchiornis, 0.8–0.9 in other Tiaojishan theropods)24,25. However, the ulna and radius are longer than the humerus, a feature so far known only in flighted avialan taxa among theropods26. As in basal troodontids, other Tiaojishan theropods, and to a lesser degree, Archaeopteryx4, the ulna is weakly bowed and the radius is only slightly thinner than the ulna (Fig. 3b, c). The manus resembles those of other Tiaojishan theropods and to a lesser degree basal troodontids: a relatively long metacarpal II (about 40% of the metacarpal IV length), a straight and relatively robust metacarpal IV, a long phalanx II-1 (close in length to metacarpal III), a long phalanx III-2 (about 1.7 times as long as phalanx III-1), and the combined lengths of the subequally long phalanx IV-1 and IV-2 considerably smaller than IV-3 length (Fig. 3b, c; II–IV sensu Xu et al.10).

 The pelvis closely resembles those of other Tiaojishan theropods and Archaeopteryx4. The ilium has a preacetabular process considerably longer than the postacetabular process that is slightly downturned; the pubis is slightly curved posteriorly and it has a strongly hooked boot as in the unenlagiids; the ischium is a strap-like element that is extremely short and broad anteroposteriorly, and most unusually, it has a large rectangular obturator process, in striking contrast to nearly all coelurosaurs except Anchiornis and Archaeopteryx that have a triangular obturator process on the ischium4 (Fig. 3d).

 The hind limbs are highly elongated, measuring about 3.1 times the length of the dorsal series. The sub-arctometatarsalian pes has a hallux that is proportionally smaller than that of most other basal paravians and a moderately enlarged and hyperextensible second pedal digit (Fig. 3d).

 Feathers are well preserved over the whole body, except for the anterior portion of the rostrum and unguals (Fig. 1a–c), but in many cases, they are too densely preserved to display both gross and fine morphological features (eg, number and general outline of feathers and details related to rachis, barbs and barbules). It is noteworthy that the preserved morphologies are not necessarily the true morphologies of these fossil feathers as preservation can alter the morphology of fossil feathers27.

 Caihong’s body contour feathers are proportionally longer than those of other known non-avialan theropods2,5,28. Feathers attached to the skull and neck are either long (~20 mm in length) and linear, possibly stiff (Fig. 4a; Supplementary Fig. 5) or short (~10 mm) and sinuous in preserved aspect (Fig. 4b). Relatively long feathers (~40 mm) near the chest region and other parts of the body (eg, parts of the forelimb) show sub-parallel, thick and linear barbs (Fig. 4c).

 Fig. 4 Feathers preserved in Caihong juji. Feathers attached to the neck: (a) pennaceous feathers and (b) down-like feather; (c) feathers attached to the chest and trunk region; (d) primary or secondary remige near the carpal joint; (e) alula; (f) pennaceous feather on the tibiotarsus; (g) anterior rectrix; (h) posterior rectrix; (i) middle rectrix; (j) close-up of barbs and barbules. Scale bars are 0.2 cm in a, b, j; 0.5 cm in d, e, f, g, h; and 1 cm in c, i, respectively. Arrows in j indicate barbules of a rectrix Full size image

 As preserved, the proximal primaries and distal secondaries are among the longest remiges (>100 mm long). These feathers are ~2.4 times as long as the humerus and have narrow rachises (Fig. 4d). While the bony forelimb is shorter than in Anchiornis, these remiges are striking more elongated than in that taxon (Fig. 3b). One unusual feature is the preservation of several slender feathers associated with the right pollex (Fig. 4e). These feathers are not completely preserved (missing the distal portions), but the preserved portions suggest that they are pennaceous. Because these feathers are similar in anatomical position to the alula in relatively derived birds, we tentatively identify them as a form of alula, although their function might not be necessarily the same as the alula in relatively derived birds. Nevertheless, similar feathers have been also reported in Microraptor, a non-avialan theropod nearly 40 million years younger than Caihong28.

 Large pennaceous feathers are preserved posterior to the tibiotarsus and the metatarsus (Figs. 3d, 4f). The longest of these well exceeds any such feathers known in Eosinopteryx5, Aurornis6, and Archaeopteryx29. These feathers display well-organized vanes on either side of the extremely thin rachis, which are formed by densely spaced parallel barbs (eg, four barbs in a length of 0.6 mm close to the tip of a feather attaching to the mid-length of the tibiotarsus). In some cases, pennaceous barbules are visible in these feathers (Fig. 4j), which are inferred to be present but have rarely been preserved in other non-avialan theropod fossils30. The tibial feathers have barbs with an angle of about 25 degrees to the rachis, forming nearly symmetrical vanes on either side of the rachis.

 Small, distally deflected feathers are also preserved anterior to the proximal tibiotarsus, metatarsus, and on the pedal digits (Fig. 3d). The closed vanes are not obvious in most metatarsal and arm feathers. Instead, most preserved metatarsal feathers display densely spaced parallel barbs with nearly same orientation, so are the arm feathers including those that are identified as remiges (Fig. 3b, d). However, several arm feathers show densely spaced parallel barbs orienting in opposite directions on either side of the rachis, suggesting that these feathers are pennaceous (Fig. 4d), and so are several metatarsal feathers.

 Hindlimb feathering (Fig. 3d) of Caihong juji is seen in Anchiornis huxleyi, and other Tiaojishan theropods2,31. The new species is particularly similar to the first taxon in having extensively feathered toes2. Eosinopteryx brevipenna has been suggested to have reduced tail and hindlimb plumages, but specimens of Anchiornis huxleyi display variable plumages in terms of not only feather distribution, but also feather size and shape. Some closely related Tiaojishan theropods not differentiated by osteological features may need reassessment of their taxonomic status.

 Large pennaceous tail feathers (eg, 112 mm length and 16 mm width in a posterior caudal) attach to all but the most anterior caudal vertebrae, contributing to a robust and broad tail with a sub-rectangular outline (Fig. 1a–c). Feathers attaching to the most anterior caudals are less well-organized and there is no clear evidence for the presence of closed vanes. However, in some cases, closely spaced parallel barbs are visible, which suggest that these feathers may have also been pennaceous. As preserved, feathers attaching to middle and posterior caudal vertebrae are clearly pennaceous, and each caudal vertebra has approximately four associated feathers comprising rectrices and covert feathers. These feathers display well preserved closed vanes (Fig. 4g–i; Supplementary Fig. 5), which are indicated by densely spaced parallel barbs orienting in opposite directions on either side of the rachis that often results in a crossing pattern between the neighbouring feathers. In some cases, barbules are visible in these feathers. For example, some barbules preserved in a middle rectrix are up to 2 mm long and they are parallel to each other and set an acute angle to the barbs (about 15°). These rectrices are among the largest feathers preserved on this specimen. For example, one rectrix attaching to a middle caudal measures about 80 mm in length and 9 mm in maximum width, and one rectrix attaching to the second last caudal measures about 110 mm long and 15 mm wide. Rachises in all these feathers are extremely thin. For example, the rachis of a rectrix attaching to the second last caudal, one of the largest rectrices, measures about 1 mm in diameter about its mid-length. The exceptionally preserved rectrices display proximodistal variation in barb density and angle from fewer higher-angled barbs to more numerous and elongate lower-angled barbs (Fig. 4i). There are four barbs within a length of about 1 mm close to the tip of a feather attaching to a middle caudal, and the same barbs from the leading vane set an angle of about 15 degrees to the rachis and those from the trailing vanes set an angle of about 25°. The posterior rectrices have larger barbs (eg, four barbs within a length of 1.8 mm close to the tip of a rectrix attaching to the second last caudal), which seem to set a larger angle with the rachis (eg, 25° for the leading barbs and 30° for the trailing barbs). Anterior and mid-series rectrices have asymmetrical vanes (eg, mid-series rectrix with the inner vane about twice as wide as the outer vane; Fig. 4g) and attach to the bony tail at a higher angle than the posterior rectrices. Vane asymmetry decreases in the posteriorly directed terminal rectrices, which show nearly symmetrical vanes (Fig. 4h).

 In general, the tail feathering of Caihong resembles those of Archaeopteryx29 and the troodontid Jinfengopteryx32 in having large rectrices attaching to either side of the caudal series to form a frond-shaped tail (Fig. 1; Supplementary Figs. 3, 5), a unique feature that has been suggested to represent a synapomorphy for the Avialae33. Anchiornis and other Tiaojishan theropods seem to have a similar tail feathering25, but their rectrices are smaller and more leaf-like, forming a narrower frond-shaped feathery tail. Furthermore, the available specimens of Anchiornis and its close relatives have highly variable tail feathering, with most of them displaying more plumulaceous rather than pennaceous tail feathers and some displaying more pennaceous than plumulaceous feathers. In general, the feathery tail shapes of non-avialan paravian theropods are diverse and some of them appear to have functioned as ornaments1,2,28,34,35,36,37.

 Several other feather morphotypes are also preserved around different regions of the body. One morphotype is represented by a series of barbs joined basally to form a simply branching structure without rachis (Fig. 4b), which is also seen the dromaeosaurid Sinornithosaurus38. However, some recent studies suggest that this morphotype might represent a derived condition within birds39 and its presence in non-avialan theropods might be a preservation artefact27. A variation of this morphotype is that the barbs are stiff rather than soft, and nearly parallel to each other for most of their length, and also much longer and thicker than the former (Fig. 4a). The other morphotype is represented by a series of long and narrow feathers preserved over the humerus (Fig. 4c). They can be up to at least 45 mm in length but only about 1.5 mm in width. These feathers are composed of an extremely narrow membrane-like leading vane, a rachis that is about 0.3 mm wide (even wider than the leading vane), and a trailing vane that seems to be open with very long barbs attaching to the rachis at a very small angle.

 Given the available information on the plumages of basal paravians40, it is difficult to draw a conclusion whether rectrices with asymmetrical vanes and/or coverts on the tail represent synapomorphies for the Avialae or a more inclusive clade or independently evolved features in early paravian evolution. Alula seems to be absent in several basal birds such as Archaeopteryx and Confuciuornis, and thus even if the small feathers associated with the pollex of Caihong juji and Micororaptor can be confirmed as a form of alula, they must have been independently evolved several times early in paravian evolution given the patchy distribution of this feature among early paravian theropods.

 Nanostructures and inference of plumage colour in the Caihong juji holotype

 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging was used to characterize 2460 structures from 66 samples of feathers from across the body (Fig. 5a–d; Supplementary Figs. 6, 7). Cross-sectional focused ion beam (FIB)-SEM images reveal distinct differences between known fossil bacteria and the nanostructures in Caihong (Supplementary Figs. 8, 9). SEM data show that the nanostructures recovered from fossil feathers are comparable in size and shape to extant avian melanosomes. Focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy data show that these structures are solid (ie, uniformly electron-dense; Supplementary Figs. 8, 9). Because bacteria are expected to be electron lucent in the core (‘hollow’; see Supplementary Fig. 9 with reproduced Fig. 7c from ref. 41), these data (the electron-dense cores) as well as absence of any observed evidence of binary fission, do not support a microbial hypothesis for the origin of these nanostructures but do support melanosome identity (Methods).The nanostructures from Caihong were compared to an expanded melanosome data set for extant birds (Figs. 5e–h, 6; Methods; Supplementary Tables 2–4; Supplementary Figs. 10–12). Analysis of the structures from Caihong indicated that this species occupies a distinct area of morphospace relative to other extinct basal paravians, including Anchiornis from the same deposits (Fig. 6a; Supplementary Figs. 12, 13). Rarefaction analyses indicate the structures observed in pinnate feathers of basal paravians are likely to be as diverse as extant bird melanosomes, although this predicted variation is estimated to not yet be fully sampled (Supplementary Figs. 12, 13).

 Fig. 5 Platelet-like nanostructures in Caihong juji and melanosomes in iridescent extant feathers. a–d Fossilized nanostructures from Caihong feathers preserved as molds in a neck feather (a) and three-dimensional preservation in a neck feather, with SEM stage rotated 45° to show 3D platelet morphology (b), a back feather with SEM stage at 0° (c) and a neck feather showing nanostructure packing (d); e Anna’s hummingbird (Calypte anna) showing overlapping melanosomes within a feather barbule; f white-tailed starfrontlet (Coeligena phalerata) showing stacking and interior morphology (air bubbles) of melanosomes in a feather barbule; g black-tailed trainbearer (Lesbia victoriae) showing exterior surface and morphology of isolated melanosomes in a feather barb; h moustached treeswift (Hemiprocne mystacea) showing densely packed melanosomes in the barbule of a crown feather. Inset in d illustrates 3D stacking of platelet-shaped nanostructures. All scale bars: 1000 nm. Photo credits: Chao PC (e, license CC BY-2.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/legalcode), Misty Vaughn f, Lip Kee (g, license CC BY-SA 2.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/legalcode), Lip Kee (h, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/legalcode) Full size image

 Fig. 6 Analyses of nanostructure shape diversity and phylogenetic position of Caihong juji. a Mean length and diameter measurements for nanostructures from various body regions in Caihong juji (red), Anchiornis huxleyi (grey) and Microraptor (black). Rarefaction analyses show that sampling of the fossil taxa is appropriate to determine significant differences: Anchiornis shows significantly more nanostructure diversity than either Caihong or Microraptor (Supplementary Fig. 13). b Morphospace plots of raw nanostructure measurements for Caihong juji relative to extant avian groups with platelet-like melanosomes (orange: hummingbirds, green: swifts, blue: trumpeters and trogons, grey: other non-platelet avian melanosomes). Contour lines show 2D density of measurements. Numbers give proportional overlap (∩) between Caihong juji (red) and each group (Methods). c Simplified coelurosaurian phylogeny (strict consensus of 192 most parsimonious trees from the primary analysis) showing the recovered position of Caihong juji (Supplementary Note 3; Supplementary Figs. 18 and 19). Additional assessments of the taxon utilizing another recent data set recover an Anchiorninae clade as a part of Troodontidae (Supplementary Note 3; Supplementary Figs. 20, 22). Photo credits: Fred Wierum (Microraptor, CC BY SA 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode), Dick Daniels (Trumpeter, CC BY SA 3.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode), Alan Vernon (Red-tailed hawk, CC BY 2.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/legalcode), T R Shankar Raman (Glossy swiftlet, CC BY SA 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode), Nobu Tamura (Anchiornis, CC BY 3.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode), J. Clarke (Caihong, modified from original artwork by Velizar Simeonovski, used with permission), Robert McMorran/USFWS (Anna’s hummingbird, CC BY 2.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/legalcode) Full size image

 Based on the assumption that these structures are melanosomes, most of the plumage of Caihong is predicted by discriminant function analysis as black, with iridescence primarily on the head, chest and, to a lesser extent, the base of the tail (Supplementary Table 4, Supplementary Fig. 6). The morphospace of the platelet-shaped structures overlaps that associated with iridescent colours of vivid, highly variable hues in hummingbirds and swifts (Figs. 5e–g, 6b)42,43,44, but also with grey and black colours in penguins45. However, unlike melanosomes in those penguin grey or black feathers, the structures in the 21 samples from the fossil appear aligned in sheets and dorsoventrally compressed (Fig. 5; Supplementary Fig. 7). This organization was further confirmed in SEM images taken on a rotating stage at three different angles to the preserved structures (Supplementary Fig. 8).

 Other specimens from the same deposits (eg, Anchiornis) do not show similar platelet morphologies or organization (Supplementary Fig. 14)25,34, platelet-shaped nanostructures in Caihong occur only in certain body regions (Supplementary Figs. 6, 7), and nanostructures in nearby regions were statistically more similar to each other than more distantly related anatomical areas (Mantel test r = 0.16, p = 0.001; Supplementary Fig. 15). Thus, flattening of the nanostructures by compaction during burial is considered unlikely. While melanosomes from internal organs can also fossilize, our sampling was limited to feathers, and we did not observe any ‘halo’ around the body cavity that may be diagnostic of internal melanosome migration46. We also modelled the effect of taphonomic shrinkage47 (Methods). In most cases, our results were not affected by this taphonomic bias (Supplementary Tables 3, 4; Supplementary Fig. 12). If this occurred, the original sizes of these structures in the 21 regions would overlap even more of the iridescent hummingbird melanosome morphospace (Supplementary Figs. 16, 17). ||||| View Images An artist's depiction of Caihong juji, a species of theropod dinosaur that lived 160 million years ago in what's now northeastern China.

 Illustration by Velizar Simeonovski, The Field Museum

 A new dinosaur discovered in China had feathers that may have glittered with the colors of the rainbow. Based on its stunningly preserved remains, scientists say the dinosaur’s head and chest seem to have been covered with iridescent feathers akin to those on modern hummingbirds.

 The flashy display may have provided a social or sexual cue, like modern peacock tails. The dinosaur also has a bird-like body, including the sorts of feathers required for flight, but it has a crested head that more closely resembles that of a Velociraptor.

 Dinosaurs 101 They ruled the Earth for more than 160 million years, but much about how dinosaurs lived and died remains a mystery. See what we know and don't know about the age of dinos.

 Given these traits, the ancient animal has been named Caihong juji—Mandarin for “rainbow with the big crest”—the team reports today in the journal Nature Communications.

 Caihong lived in forests and may have glided from tree to tree, preying on small mammals and lizards, says study co-author Xing Xu, a paleontologist at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In life, the duck-size carnivore would’ve weighed roughly a pound.

 “I was shocked by its beautifully preserved feathers, even though I had seen many feathered dinosaur fossils previously,” adds Xu.

 View Images The slab containing Caihong juji. Exceptional conditions allowed the dinosaur's feathers to fossilize along with its bones.

 Photograph by The Field Museum

 Rainbow in the Dark

 Birds—the last living dinosaurs—use feathers today for flight, but feathers also help birds woo potential mates or jockey for social status. Dinosaur fossils suggest that feathers originally evolved for display, only later taking on the traits needed for flight. (Learn more about how feathers evolved.)

 Like modern and ancient birds, dinosaurs likely had color vision and took advantage of it with striking, feathery displays. In exceptional cases, scientists can reveal dinosaur feathers’ original colors by finding vestiges of pigment sacs called melanosomes within fossilized plumes. (See the full-body coloration of the feathered dinosaur Anchiornis.)

 Yang Jan, a local farmer, found the Caihong fossil in northeastern China’s Hebei Province. In February 2014, the Paleontological Museum of Liaoning acquired the fossil from Jan.

 When scientists led by Dongyu Hu, a paleontologist at China’s Shenyang Normal University, examined the fossil, they found that its well-preserved remnants contained traces of pigment in its feathers. The team sampled 66 sites across the fossil, comparing the melanosomes they saw with melanosomes from modern bird feathers.

 On Caihong’s head, chest, and parts of its tail, the researchers saw melanosomes that were long, flat, and organized into sheets. These patterns most closely match the melanosomes in the iridescent throat feathers of hummingbirds.

 In hummingbirds, similar structures split light like a prism, creating a metallic sheen that changes color with the viewing angle. The team couldn’t reconstruct the dinosaur feathers’ exact colors, but they suspect that the observed pigments gave Caihong a rainbow glimmer.

 See Hummingbirds Fly, Shake, Drink in Amazing Slow Motion They move so fast that human eyes see only a hovering spot of color, a blur of wings. But when frozen in time by high-speed cameras, hummingbirds yield their secrets.

 Paleontologists have seen this sparkle in dinosaurs before. In 2012, scientists found evidence that the feathered dinosaur Microraptor glinted blue in the sun like modern crows and grackles. Unlike Caihong, though, Microraptor was iridescent all over—and it is much younger: Microraptor lived a full 40 million years after Caihong.

 “When we put these data on the evolutionary tree, we recognize two different ways of creating iridescent color in small raptor dinosaurs before the origin of birds,” says Julia Clarke, a paleontologist at the University of Texas at Austin who coauthored the Caihong and Microraptor studies.

 More Than a Light Show

 Caihong may not have used just its feathers for showing off, notes University of Edinburgh paleontologist Steve Brusatte, who reviewed the study before publication.

 “Its plumage was a shiny rainbow of iridescent colors … but it didn't stop there,” he says. “It also had a funky crest of bone sticking up in front of its eyes, which was probably a display structure as well.”

 View Images The skull of Caihong juji.

 Photograph by The Field Museum

 In addition, Xu says that Caihong’s frond-like tail has asymmetrical feathers, and their short, stiff leading edges would have borne the aerodynamic load of flight. Caihong is now the oldest known animal to have this key adaptation. The iconic bird-like dinosaur Archaeopteryx also has asymmetrical feathers, but it lived ten million years later.

 With Caihong, “who knows what the functions of this large, wide tail were?” says National Geographic explorer Ryan Carney, a University of South Florida biologist who studies Archaeopteryx. “Perhaps it was held up as a dark background to provide contrast against the iridescent head during displays?”

 Clarke, an expert on the origin of birds, says that researchers also can’t yet be sure how Caihong used its iridescent feathers, or whether males or females of the species had different plumage. For that, paleontologists can only hope for further study of the new fossil, and perhaps even more bones from Caihong and other feathered dinosaurs. |||||
What is a one-paragraph summary of the above article?

– Scientists are now saying there may have been "a more colorful Jurassic World than we previously imagined," thanks to the recent discovery of a fossil in China's Hebei province. Reuters reports that a closer look at the "exquisitely preserved," almost completely intact fossil of a crow-like dinosaur that lived about 161 million years ago revealed that Caihong juji had luminous, brilliantly hued feathers that closely resembled those of hummingbirds. The study in the journal Nature Communications documenting the find explains that "Caihong" means "rainbow" in Mandarin. Scientists think the colorful plumage, which appeared to have covered the bony-crested creature's head, neck, and chest areas, may have kept the dinosaur warm, as well as attracted potential mates; National Geographic compares it to peacock feathers. So how were researchers able to tell what color feathers the creature had from preserved bones? They used high-tech microscopes able to home in on 66 sites on the fossil, detecting tiny cell structures called melanosomes, which underlie pigmentation. Which colors they led to can be found by their shapes, and the melanosomes in Caihong were long and flat like pancakes—similar to those found in hummingbirds, which boast iridescent plumage. Although they can't pick out from the Pantone wheel Caihong's exact colors, researchers say the creature likely sported feathers with a "rainbow glimmer." Study co-author Xing Zu tells National Geographic that Caihong was a predator that spent its days gliding from tree to tree. And "glide" is the operative word, as this dinosaur likely didn't fly: Its feathers were located on its tail, not on its wings like birds, Discover notes. (A study postulated that nearly all dinosaurs had feathers.)


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– A Pennsylvania middle school teacher is in hot water over his spelling of "Hillary Clinton," and no, Benjamin Attinger didn't forget an "L." The Daily Item reports the Shikellamy Middle School teacher was asked by 6th-grade student Mary Reinard for help in sending a letter to Clinton. Mary wrote the letter, in which she reportedly asked Clinton if she really spoke to the dead (a 1996 book said she had imaginary chats with Eleanor Roosevelt and Gandhi, but not Jesus, as a "therapeutic release," per a CNN article published at the time). She and Attinger put it in an envelope bearing the school's return address, and Attinger addressed it: to "HILIAR RODHAM CLINTON." Mary brought the letter home to stamp and mail, and stepmom Shannon Reinard spotted the "liar" in the name and called the school on Friday. In a voicemail Attinger left the Sunbury mom, he apologized and claimed it was a "kind of a joke ... because I was telling her it (talking to the dead) wasn't true." The family met with Attinger and administrators on Tuesday and say they've accepted his apology and don't want him fired. Mary says she's relieved she didn't mail the letter as it was; she hadn't spotted the typo. "I would have felt embarrassed. I wouldn't have been able to go to school for a week." Now, instead of embarrassed, she's "nervi-cided." That's nervous and excited, because after Chelsea Clinton on Wednesday tweeted she'd be happy to hand-deliver the letter to her mom, she was connected with Shannon Reinard on Twitter and told her they'd be on the lookout for the letter, which had been properly mailed. "Please thank Mary for her courage," Chelsea Clinton wrote, per the Meadville Tribune.

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 Starting in 1996, Alexa Internet has been donating their crawl data to the Internet Archive. Flowing in every day, these data are added to the Wayback Machine after an embargo period.

 Book says Hillary talks to dead

 First lady acknowledged

 'imaginary' chats.

 June 22, 1996

 Web posted at: 11:55 p.m. EDT

 WASHINGTON (CNN) -- First lady Hillary Rodham Clinton held imaginary conversations with Eleanor Roosevelt and Mahatma Gandhi as a therapeutic release, according to a new book written by Bob Woodward, says a report in Sunday's edition of The Chicago Sun-Times.

 The first lady declined a personal adviser's suggestion that she address Jesus Christ, however, because it would be "too personal," according to Woodward's book, "The Choice."

 The book, which is still to be published, takes a behind-the-scenes look at the Clintons, as well as Bob and Elizabeth Dole.

 Woodward says the adviser was Jean Houston, co-director of the Foundation for Mind Research, which he describes as a group that studies the psychic experience and altered and expanded consciousness.

 The book portrays Houston as an influential adviser who urged Mrs. Clinton to write her book, "It Takes a Village and Other Lessons Children Teach Us," and in the process "virtually moved into the White House" for days at a time to help with revisions, the Sun-Times reported.

 Woodward suggests the White House hoped to keep Mrs. Clinton's relationship with Houston and her talks with the dead a secret.

 "Most people in the White House did not know about Hillary's sessions with Houston. ... To some of the few who did, the meetings could trigger politically damaging comparisons to Nancy Reagan's use of astrology," Woodward wrote.

 Mrs. Clinton's spokeswoman, Lisa Caputo, is quoted in the Sun-Times as saying the first lady's interest in Houston is no secret.

 Woodward says anthropologist Mary Catherine Bateson, daughter of famed anthropologist Margaret Mead, joined her in sessions of imaginary conversations.

 Woodward is an assistant managing editor at The Washington Post. As a reporter, he helped break the Watergate scandal with Carl Bernstein.

 Mrs. Clinton herself wrote about her imaginary conversations with Eleanor Roosevelt in her June 10 column. She said she talked to Roosevelt about the role of a first lady.

 "She usually responds by telling me to buck up, or at least to grow skin as thick as a rhinoceros," Mrs. Clinton wrote.

 In the column, she described Houston as an expert on philosophy and mythology. "(Houston) has shared her views with me on everything from the ancient Greeks to the lives of women and children on Bangladesh," she wrote.

 Mrs. Clinton also acknowledged her relationship with Bateson.

 "She and I have spent hours discussing the ways in which women in different societies attempt to fulfill their responsibilities to their families, jobs and communities," Mrs. Clinton wrote.

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