BC Oil and Gas Commission

The BC Oil and Gas Commission is a Crown Corporation of the province of British Columbia, Canada, established in 1998. Its mandate is to regulate oil and gas activities and pipelines in British Columbia. Their mandate does not extend to regulating consumer gas prices at the pump.
Overview.
The Oil and Gas Commission (OGC) was created and defined under the 1998 "Oil and Gas Commission Act" by and for the Canadian province of British Columbia.
The OGC is a crown corporation acting as "an agent of the [provincial] government", where the Minister of Finance is its fiscal agent. It is headed by 3 directors. The commission has approximately 270 employees in seven offices, as of 2019. The deputy minister is a director and the chair of the OGC, and the Lieutenant Governor in Council may appoint 2 directors, for a term not longer than 5 years, one of whom is the commissioner and vice chair of the commission.
Purpose.
The OGCs purposes are to
(a) regulate oil and gas activities in British Columbia in a manner that
(b)" to provide for effective and efficient processes for the review of applications for permits, and to ensure that applications that are approved are in the public interest having regard to environmental, economic, and social effects",
(c) "to encourage the participation of First Nations and aboriginal peoples in processes affecting them",
(d) "to participate in planning processes", and
(e) "to undertake programs of education and communication in order to advance safe and efficient practices and the other purposes of the commission."
Tools.
The OGC issues various authorizations under the "Oil and Gas Activities Act," including a "general development permit" which is "an approval in principle for oil and gas activities and pipelines in an area of British Columbia".
The OGC is a single window regulator It handles applications and also checks the compliance and enforces its regulations with penalties for violations.
The OGC has offices in seven cities: Fort St. John, Fort Nelson, Kelowna, Victoria, Terrace, Dawson Creek, and Prince George.
Compliance and enforcement information.
In 2010–11, the OGC "issued 15 penalty tickets with fines of $575 (the maximum allowed for tickets) or less, which included unlawful water withdrawals and failure to promptly report a spill. Court prosecutions included a $20,000 fine for a Water Act stream violation, $10,575 for another stream violation and $250,0000 for a sour gas release. [...] The commission would not release the names of the companies convicted".
Per the OGC, in 2O12, of "more than 800 deficiencies, 80 resulted in charges, largely under the provincial Water Act for the non-reporting of water volumes and a smaller portion under the provincial Environment Management Act. Another 13 resulted in orders under the provincial Oil and Gas Activities Act, 22 in warnings, 76 in letters requiring action and three in referrals to other agencies".
Paul Jeakins, OGC commissioner and CEO, has publicly acknowledged that OGC inspection and enforcement reports are "a bit of a gap".
Lawsuits.
In November 2013, Ecojustice, the Sierra Club and the Wilderness Committee filed a lawsuit against the OGC and Encana about Encana's water use from lakes and rivers for its hydraulic fracturing for shale gas, "granted by repeated short-term water permits, a violation of the provincial water act". In 2012, the OGC had granted Encana access to 20.4 million cubic metres of surface water, 7 million of which were for fracking and 54% of that were through short-term approvals. In October 2014 the Supreme Court of British Columbia found no violation and dismissed the case.
Criticism.
The agency has been criticized to be "too industry-friendly", to have "vague regulations" and to issue non transparent fracking violation reports. However, the BC OGC does identify companies convicted of fracking violation on their website.
The B.C. Ministry of Environment and other B.C. Crown corporations of B.C. like WorkSafeBC have reported company names and details of those penalties for years. BC OGC reports have been available online since 2009.