Protein carbonylation

Protein carbonylation refers to oxidation of protein side chains to introduce ketone- and aldehyde groups in a protein. The following amino acid residues are affected:
Carbonylation is typically assume to be the result of ROS with the protein side chain. ROS species include hydroperoxide or lipic hydroperoxides. Protein carbonylation is of interest because of its association with various diseases. Oxidative stress, often metal catalyzed, leads to protein carbonylation.