IMMP2L

Inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase subunit 2 (IMMP2L) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the "IMMP2L" gene on chromosome 7. This protein catalyzes the removal of transit peptides required for the targeting of proteins from the mitochondrial matrix, across the inner membrane, into the inter-membrane space. IMMP2L processes the nuclear encoded protein DIABLO.
Structure.
Gene.
The gene "IMMP2L" encodes protein Inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase subunit 2 in human. The human IMMP2L gene has 18 exons and locates at chromosome band 7q31.
Protein.
The human protein Inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase subunit 2 has two isoforms due to alternative splicing. One isoform is 19.7 kDa in size and composed of 175 amino acids. The calculated theoretical pI of this protein isoform is 8.66. The other isoform is 12.3kDa in size and composed of 110 amino acids. The calculated theoretical pI of this protein isoform is 9.42.
Function.
As a peptidase, this protein catalyzes the removal of transit peptides required for the targeting of proteins from the mitochondrial matrix, across the inner membrane, into the inter-membrane space. Known to process the nuclear encoding DIABLO protein.
Clinical significance.
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by multiple motor and phonic tics. In the clinical characterization of a patient with GTS, Petek et al discovered a breakpoint in chromosome region 7q31. Additional characterization identified that IMMP2L, a novel gene coding for the apparent human homologue of the yeast mitochondrial inner membrane peptidase subunit 2, was found to be disrupted by both the breakpoint in the duplicated fragment and the insertion site in 7q31. It is the first association of IMMP2L gene to Tourette syndrome. 
Recent investigation by Bertelsen et al. further indicated that IMMP2L was one of the genes as a susceptibility factor in disease pathogenesis. Tourette syndrome is often accompanied by comorbidities such as attention-deficit hyperactivity-disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder. Tourette syndrome has a complex etiology and the underlying environmental and genetic factors responsible for this disease are still largely unknown.