Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud

Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud ( "Muḥammad bin ʿAbd ar Raḥman Āl Suʿūd"; 1877 – 25 July 1943) was a son of Abdul Rahman bin Faisal, Emir of Nejd, and half-brother of King Abdulaziz of Saudi Arabia. Muhammad was an early supporter of Abdulaziz, but they had a falling-out after both attempted to place their sons in line for kingship. This conflict may have led to the death of Muhammad's son Khalid. Muhammad later became a virtual non-entity in Saudi politics.
Biography.
Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman was the son of Abdul Rahman bin Faisal, the Emir of Nejd, and his cousin Sara bint Jiluwi. His paternal grandfather was Emir Faisal bin Turki, and his maternal grandfather was Emir Faisal's brother Jiluwi bin Turki. One of Muhammad's half-brothers was Abdulaziz, the future king of Saudi Arabia. There is some controversy regarding his date of birth, with some sources making him older than Abdulaziz, an important factor in his later maneuvering for succession to rule. In a publication by his family his birth year is given as 1877. It is also stated that he was born in Riyadh and was younger than Abdulaziz. After his father lost power in 1891, the family went into exile in Kuwait.
Muhammad was one of Abdulaziz's companions on the raid which was started on 14 November 1901 and ended in January 1902 when they retook the Masmak Castle and Riyadh. He and his cousin Saud Al Kabir bin Abdulaziz Al Saud led the forces which helped Abdulaziz in the battle of Kanzan in 1915. In that battle the Al Ajman tribe wounded Abdulaziz and killed Saad bin Abdul Rahman, a younger brother of Abdulaziz and Muhammad. The tribe then surrounded Abdulaziz's forces for almost six months before Abdulaziz managed to defeat them with the assistance of Muhammad and Saud Al Kabir. In late 1920 Muhammad and Saud were sent to capture the Hail Province.
After Abdulaziz took control over most of Arabia and proclaimed himself king, Muhammad was appointed governor of Mecca. He aspired to gain a much more powerful position in the government for himself and his son Khalid. To achieve his goals Muhammad attempted to eliminate Prince Saud, King Abdulaziz's eldest son, in 1927 and in 1930, but both attempts were unsuccessful. When Prince Saud was made crown prince in 1933 Abdulaziz asked the members of the Al Saud to pledge allegiance to Saud as crown prince, Muhammad did not declare his allegiance to him and left Riyadh and settled in Mecca.
Personal life and death.
One of the early palaces following the establishment of the Kingdom was built by Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman outside the walls of Riyadh and the building is called Atiqah Palace.
One of Muhammad's wives was Hassa bint Ahmad Al Sudairi, who was the mother of Sudairi Seven. They had a son, Abdullah bin Muhammad. Another spouse of Muhammad was Munira bint Abdullah Al Shaikh, who was the sister of Tarfa bint Abdullah, mother of King Faisal. Following his settlement in Mecca in 1935 Muhammad married a daughter of Abdullah bin Hasan Al Sheikh, chief qadi of the country.
Muhammad's eldest son, Khalid bin Muhammad (1904–1938), married King Faisal's only full sister, Noura, in 1934. Khalid was killed in a car crash on Al Dahna and Kuwait road. One of Khalid's daughters, Al Jawhara, married to Abdullah bin Faisal, the eldest son of King Faisal. 
Muhammad's son Fahd (1904–?) married King Abdulaziz's daughter Sheikha and was the governor of Al Qassim Province. Muhammad's grandson Fahd bin Abdullah bin Muhammad was deputy defence minister. 
One of Muhammad's great-grandsons, Khalid bin Saud bin Khalid, was a high-ranking official at the ministry of foreign affairs. The daughter of Khalid bin Saud is married to Saud bin Khalid, son of Khalid bin Faisal, governor of Mecca Province. Other great-grandchildren of Muhammad are directors of King Faisal Foundation. For instance, Bandar bin Saud bin Khalid Al Saud is the deputy managing director of the foundation.
Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman died in Mecca on 25 July 1943.