Amsterdam Amstel station

Amsterdam Amstel (; abbreviation: Asa) is a railway station in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The station opened in 1939. It is located to the southeast of Amsterdam Centraal in the borough of Amsterdam-Oost, near the Amstel river. Amsterdam Amstel is used daily by 50,000 train and metro passengers. Rail services at the station are provided by NS, the principal railway operator in the Netherlands. Metro, tram and city bus services are provided by municipal operator GVB. Regional buses are operated by Connexxion.
Amstel station is situated in the Omval business district which includes the Rembrandt Tower, the tallest skyscraper in the city, and the "Leeuwenburg" campus of the Hogeschool van Amsterdam.
History.
The station was built under the direction of architects H.G.J. Schelling of NS, the principal railway operator in the Netherlands, and John Leupen of the City of Amsterdam. The railway station was opened on 15 October 1939, by Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands. It is part of the "Spoorwegwerken Oost" (Eastern Railway Works), in which the railway lines between the Amsterdam Centraal and Amstel were placed on embankments and streets were bridged with viaducts. By eliminating the many level crossings in this part of the city, the project made an end to the many delays on these lines. Amstel replaced the "Weesperpoortstation" (1843), the terminus station on the Amsterdam–Arnhem railway which was situated near the present-day Weesperplein metro station. By replacing this terminus station, trains between Utrecht Centraal and Amsterdam Centraal no longer needed to reverse when leaving the station, leading to additional time savings on this route. As Amstel station is situated southeast of the former "Weesperpoortstation", it has become a major transport hub for the eastern and southern boroughs of Amsterdam. In 1977, when the Amsterdam Metro was opened, Amstel station also became a metro station.
The station hall has been decorated with several murals (1939) created by Dutch artist Peter Alma (1868-1969). The murals reflect the importance of technological advancement, in particular of the railroads. Images of the murals are also used on the window film decorating the outer windows of the platform roof. The station hall also features a 1958 ceramic tile panel, also designed by Peter Alma and manufactured by H. Rijneveld. Until 2003, it was placed in the former "Marnixbad" swimming pool. Both outside and inside the building are two sculptures (1939) by Theo van Reijn, which are called 'Terugblik and Toekomst der Spoorwegen' (Translated: 'Retrospect and Future of the Railways") together. In 1977, at the opening of the metro station, an artwork by Rudi van de Wint entitled "Ruimtediagonaal" ('Space Diagonal') was placed in the station hall. The work featured a tube hanging diagonally from the ceiling. This artwork has since been removed. In 2006, the engineering building at the southern end of track 4 was decorated with a number of panels designed by Serge Verheugen.
In 2001, the station underwent major renovation works, which included an expansion of the number of shops and food outlets in the station hall.
Station layout.
The station has two island platforms and four tracks. Tracks 1 and 4 are used for rail services. The two middle tracks, numbers 2 and 3, are in use by the Amsterdam metro since 1977, allowing for cross-platform transfers between train and metro. Originally, Amstel station was a terminus station for car-sleeper trains. Therefore, the western island platform had a ramp allowing cars to access the platform. With the arrival of the metro in the 1970s, the car-sleeper service moved to 's-Hertogenbosch.
The platforms at Amstel station are closed off by ticket barriers, only accessible with an OV-chipkaart smart card, with separate access points for NS train and GVB metro services. The NS ticket barriers, however, remain opened permanently until the OV-chipkaart system is fully implemented in the rail network. The tunnel underneath the station has been designated a joint NS and GVB OV-chipkaart area. Passengers transferring between trains and metros can use each operator's card readers on the platforms to check in and check out.
Services.
Trains.
, the following train services call at this station:
Metros.
Amsterdam Metro routes 51, 53 and 54 call at Amsterdam Amstel (called "Amstelstation" on the metro system).
Trams.
GVB operates one tram service from Amstel:
Buses.
City buses.
These services are operated by GVB.
Regional buses.
These services are operated by Connexxion and Keolis, as part of the R-net network.
International buses.
Until December 2014, the Amsterdam Eurolines coach terminal was located at Amstel station. It has since moved to Duivendrecht station.