Annandale, New South Wales

Annandale is a suburb in the Inner West of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Annandale is located within 5 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district and is part of the local government area of the Inner West Council. Annandale's northern end lies on Rozelle Bay, which is on Sydney Harbour. Glebe lies to its east, Lilyfield and Leichhardt to its west and Stanmore and Camperdown to its south.
History.
Major George Johnston (1764–1823) arrived on the First Fleet ship "Lady Penrhyn", which brought convicts to Australia from England. He was granted of land in the area around Annandale and Stanmore, which became known as Johnston's Bush. He later renamed it Annandale after his birthplace Annan in Scotland, United Kingdom. His name is remembered in Johnston Street, Johnston Lane, Johnstons Creek and Johnstons Bay. Johnston and his wife Esther Abrahams, one of the convicts on the "Lady Penrhyn", farmed the property with their children. They built a fine residence called Annandale House in 1799, some distance back from Parramatta Road. It was demolished in 1905, although the original gates were preserved and rebuilt on the grounds of Annandale Public school nearby on Johnston Street. George's son Robert inherited the estate, but in 1877 sold it to John Young, who was a businessman, architect and mayor.
Young began turning the Johnston estate into an attractive suburb by building a number of picturesque houses. One of those houses was "Kenilworth", with a "witch's cap" style of roof common to that period of architecture, which Young rented to Henry Parkes, father of Federation and former Premier of NSW. "Kenilworth" was sold for $3.35 million in 2007. Other houses in the group were "The Abbey", "Oybin", "Rozelle" (now demolished), "Greba", "Hockingdon", "Highroyd" and "Claremont" (now demolished). Some of the houses are popularly known as "witches houses" because their towers resemble witches' hats. "Highroyd" was given a major restoration which took twenty years and was completed in 2009. The restoration was supervised by heritage architect David Springett and "Highroyd" was nominated for the heritage category of the Australian Institute of Architects New South Wales awards in 2009.
"The Abbey".
Of the various houses in this group, "The Abbey" is the most notable. Built by John Young, "The Abbey" has been described as a stone Gothic Revival mansion, modelled on Scottish manors. Young gave his imagination a free rein and the house incorporates gables, arches, gargoyles, lions, quatrefoils, chimneys, turrets, a cloister and a tower with copper cladding (it was rumoured that Young may have stolen gargoyles from St Mary's Cathedral, which he built, but there was no proof). Young was the highest ranking Mason in Australia and "The Abbey" incorporates Masonic themes. It is possible that the building may have been used by Young as a Masonic Lodge. After Young's death, "The Abbey" was occupied by a series of tenants, who subdivided the house to create flats and flatettes.
A new owner acquired the house in 1959 and restored it. It was listed on the (now defunct) Register of the National Estate.<ref name="The Heritage of Australia, p.2/34">The Heritage of Australia, p. 2/34</ref> The house was sold for A$4.86 million on 7 November 2009, setting a record residential price for the Annandale area. The selling agent had been hoping for a price of A$5 million, but despite a crowd of 200 people attending the on-site auction, there were only two bidders. The auction itself took nearly an hour to complete, as one bidder regularly engaged in disputes with the auctioneer over the conduct of the auction.
Other developments.
Another home in the area was "Kentville", which was built as John Young's home, in a garden setting adjacent to Rozelle Bay. The land was bought by Young in 1877, and included a cottage built by Robert Johnston. Young enlarged the cottage and named it Kentville after his home county in the UK. He also built a bowling green on the land and opened it to the public.
Young hoped that the Annandale area would be fine enough to rival places like Darling Point, but was unable to prevent the growth of industries or the subdivision of lots. He died in 1907. The land was subdivided in the late part of the 19th century and more so after Young's death. Since then it has undergone a number of social transformations, from factory floors, migrant stop off, ageing population, to now young families and modern small and micro businesses.
Young was an alderman on the Leichhardt Borough Council from 1879, and mayor that year and in 1884-85. Returning in 1891 from travels in Europe and Asia, Young led a secession movement resulting in the incorporation of the Annandale Borough Council. The Municipality of Annandale was incorporated on 2 January 1894 and merged into the Municipality of Leichhardt in 1949. The Annandale Council Chambers are now the home of the Annandale Neighbourhood Centre.
Johnston Street is also notable for being the first street in Sydney.
Heritage.
Annandale has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
Other significant historic buildings include:
The Annandale Heritage Festival takes place each year during Australian Heritage Week in April.
Demographics.
According to , there were 9,451 people living in Annandale. 66.3% were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were England 5.2%, New Zealand 2.5%, United States of America 1.3% and China 1.2%. 77.5% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Italian 1.9%, Mandarin 1.6%, Spanish 1.2%, Greek 1.2% and Cantonese 1.1%. The most common responses for religious affiliation were No Religion 44.7%, Catholic 20.8%, Not stated 11.3%, Anglican 9.5% and Eastern Orthodox 2.3%.
Culture.
Environment.
Annandale is bound by Johnston Creek in the east, White's Creek in the west, and Sydney Harbour to the north.
Eco-Annandale Exhibition
The Eco-Annandale exhibition has been run annually since 2009. Each year, the group exhibition focuses on an aspect of Ecological Sustainability.
Footprints EcoFestival
The Footprints EcoFestival is also run annually, in White's Creek Valley. The first year it was run at World Environment Day, however a storm caused its relocation to the Leichhardt Town Hall. The festival is now held in August.
Transport.
Buses are the primary mode of public transport in Annandale. The major bus corridor is along Booth St, through the middle of the suburb. This corridor is served by the 470 (operating between Lilyfield and the city) and the 370 (between Leichhardt and Coogee via St Peters). A large number of bus routes (413, 436, 438, L38, 439, L39, 440, 461, 480 and 483) operate along Parramatta Road at the southern border of the suburb. These all service the city. In the north east of the suburb, the 433 operates along The Crescent between the city and Balmain.
The Rozelle Bay stop on the Inner West Light Rail of Sydney's light rail network is located in the north of the suburb. The Jubilee Park stop is also accessible from Annandale. Trams operate to east to Central railway station via Pyrmont, and south-west to Dulwich Hill. 