Edgar Schein

Edgar Henry Schein (born March 5, 1928), a former professor at the MIT Sloan School of Management, has made a notable mark on the field of organizational development in many areas, including career development, group process consultation, and organizational culture. He is the son of former University of Chicago professor Marcel Schein.
Model of organizational culture.
Schein's model of organizational culture originated in the 1980s. Schein (2004) identifies three distinct levels in organizational cultures:
The three levels refer to the degree to which the different cultural phenomena are visible to the observer.
Career anchors.
A career anchor is one's self-concept and consists of one's perceptions of one's talents and abilities, one's basic values, and one's perceptions of motives and needs as they pertain to career.
Schein's original research in the mid-1970s identified five possible career anchor constructs: (1) autonomy/independence, (2) security/stability, (3) technical-functional competence, (4) general managerial competence, and (5) entrepreneurial creativity. Follow-up studies in the 1980s identified three additional constructs: (6) service or dedication to a cause, (7) pure challenge, and (8) life style.
A 2008 study distinguishes between entrepreneurship and creativity to form nine possible constructs.