
Vladek Sheybal

Vladek Sheybal (born Władysław Rudolf Zbigniew Sheybal, 12 March 1923 – 16 October 1992) was a Polish character actor, singer and director of both television and stage productions. He was well known for his portrayal of the chess grandmaster Kronsteen in the James Bond film "From Russia with Love" (1963), a role for which he had been personally recommended by his friend Sean Connery, and as Otto Leipzig in "Smiley's People" (1982).
He became a naturalised British citizen, but remained "fiercely proud of his homeland and its culture."
Life and career.
Sheybal was born to Jewish parents in Zgierz, near Łódź, in the Second Polish Republic. The son of a university professor, he was attracted to acting at an early age. At the age of 16 he was imprisoned in a Nazi concentration camp during the occupation of Poland; escaping twice only to be recaptured and subjected to torture as punishment. After World War II ended, he began performing in Polish theaters and cinemas, earning a reputation as a skilled actor. He appeared in the film "Kanał" (1957, credited as Władysław Sheybal), directed by Andrzej Wajda, before departing for Paris and then Vienna in 1958 due to his political opposition to the Communist Party. 
Having difficulty finding work, he immigrated to England in 1959 where his reputation from Polish films lent him enough credibility to support himself teaching acting. He was soon appearing on the London stage, and was hired as the director of the Bromley Little Theatre in 1960. That same year he directed a production of Modest Mussorgsky's "Khovanshchina" at Oxford University. This production was seen by executives of the BBC, and it led to work as a director for opera and theatre adaptations on British television in the early 1960s, including works for "ITV Play of the Week" in 1961-1962 and as well as productions for the BBC. In 1964 he had a triumpant success on the British stage as "He" in Leonid Andreyev's "He Who Gets Slapped" at the Hampstead Theatre. 
In 1963 he made his British cinema debut playing the evil secret agent Kronsteen in the James Bond film "From Russia with Love". He appeared often in villainous roles or character parts in British cinema up until his death in 1993. He also appeared as Holocaust survivor Egon Sobotnik in the television mini-series "QB VII". He had a dual role as "the Director" and as Pierre Louys in Ken Russell's "The Debussy Film" (1965), one of Russell's composer biopics for the BBC. Other Russell films in which he appeared were "Billion Dollar Brain" (1967), "Women in Love" (1969) and "The Boy Friend" (1971).
His other films include "Casino Royale" (1967), "Doppelgänger" (1969), "The Last Valley", "Puppet on a Chain", "Innocent Bystanders", "The Wind and the Lion", "The Lady Vanishes" (1979), "Fire and Sword" and "Red Dawn".
Sheybal's other TV credits include "Z-Cars", "Danger Man", "The Troubleshooters", "The Saint", "The Human Jungle", "The Baron", "The Champions", "Callan", "Strange Report", "UFO", "The New Avengers", "Supernatural" (1977), "", "Shōgun", "Smiley's People", and The Man in Room 17.
In 1977, he won the Dracula Society's prestigious Hamilton Deane Award for his performance in the BBC play "Night of the Marionettes", part of the "Supernatural" series, in which he played a sinister Austrian innkeeper whose life-size puppets supposedly inspired Mary Shelley's "Frankenstein". Sheybal's final stage appearance was as Friedrich Nietzsche in the Pierre Bourgeade play "The Eagle and the Serpent" at London's Offstage Downstairs Theatre in 1988.
He died in London in 1992, aged 69, from a ruptured aortic aneurysm. He is buried in Putney Vale Cemetery.