List of Assyrian settlements

The following is a list of historical and contemporary Assyrian settlements in the Middle East. This list includes settlements of Assyrians from Southeastern Turkey who left their indigenous tribal districts in Hakkari (or the historical Hakkari region), Sirnak and Mardin province due to torment, violence and displacement by the Ottomans in the First World War. Many Assyrians from Urmia, Iran were also affected and as such have emigrated and settled in other towns. Resettling again occurred during the Simele massacre in northern Iraq, perpetrated by the Iraqi military coup in the 1930s, with many fleeing to northeastern Syria.
Most modern resettlement is located in Iraq, Syria and Iran in the cities of Baghdad, Habbaniyah, Kirkuk, Duhok, Al-Hasakah, Tehran and Damascus. Few Assyrian settlements exist in Turkey today and also in the Caucasus. The exodus to the cities or towns of these aforementioned countries occurred between late 1910s and 1930s. After the Iraq War in 2003, a number of Assyrians in Baghdad relocated to northern Iraq, repopulating parts of Iraqi Kurdistan, in what they now call the "Assyrian homeland". Many others have immigrated to North America, Europe and Australia, especially in the late 20th century and 21st century. Currently, there are a number of settlements on this list that have been abandoned due to persecution, conflict, and other causes.
Syria.
Assyrians immigrated to Syria during the 1930s and 1940s, from northern Iraq, after they were slaughtered and displaced during the Simele Massacre perpetrated by the armed forces of the Kingdom of Iraq. Many Assyrians in Syria did not have Syrian citizenship and title to their land until late 1940s. The Assyrians who settled in the Khabour River Valley organized their villages according to their own tribal structure, with each village belonging to a single tribe. As such, each village effectively has two names, the official Arabic name and the unofficial Assyrian name, with the latter being the name of the tribe that built the town.
Al-Hasakah Governorate.
Villages in the Khabour River Valley
Cities and towns with Syriac-Assyrian population
Villages
Damascus Governorate.
Note: Maaloula and neighboring Muslim-majority villages Jubb'adin and Al-Sarkha are the only villages left where a majority of the population speak the Western Aramaic dialects
Turkey.
Hakkari Province.
The following is a list of Assyrian settlements in the Hakkari region prior to the Assyrian Genocide of 1914. The Assyrian settlements in this region were divided into two groups, "ashiret" and "rayyat". The "ashiret" settlements belonged to the five semi-independent tribes of Tyari, Tkhuma, Baz, Jilu, and Dez with each tribe presiding over its own district. The "rayyat" settlements were vassals to either the "ashiret" tribes or to Kurdish chieftains.
Villages in the Lower Tyari District ("Ashiret")
Villages in the Upper Tyari and Walto Districts ("Ashiret" and "Rayyat")
Villages in the Tkhuma District ("Ashiret")
Villages in the Baz District ("Ashiret")
Villages in the Jilu District ("Ashiret")
Villages in the Dez, Shwawuta, and Billijnaye Districts ("Ashiret" and "Rayyat")
Villages in the Liwan and Norduz Districts ("Rayyat")
Villages in the Qodchanis & Siwine Districts ("Rayyat")
Villages in the Chal, Raikan, & Tal Districts ("Rayyat")
Villages in the Gawar District ("Rayyat")
Villages in the Albaq, Derrenaye, Khananis, and Artushi Kurdish Districts ("Rayyat")
Villages in the Shemsdin District ("Rayyat")
Villages in the Baradost, Tergawar, & Mergawar Districts ("Rayyat")
Villages in the Taimar District ("Rayyat")
Armenia.
The Assyrian population in Armenia is mainly rural. Out of 3,409 Assyrians in Armenia 2,885 (84.6%) was rural and 524 (15.4%) urban.
According to the Council of Europe European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages there were four rural settlements with significant Assyrian population.