Stevens Thomson Mason (senator)

Stevens Thomson Mason (December 29, 1760May 10, 1803) was a Virginia lawyer and plantation owner who served as a Colonel in the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War, delegate in the Virginia General Assembly and a Republican U.S. Senator from Virginia (1794–1803).
Early and family life.
Mason was born to Thomson Mason (1733–1785); and his wife at Chopawamsic in Stafford County, Virginia. His ancestors had emigrated generations earlier and owned thousands of acres of lend (some developed and farmed by enslaved labor) in Maryland and Virginia. His maternal great grandfather was an attorney and significant landowner in Maryland, and (his grandmother) Ann Eilbeck Mason was his only heir, and determined to provide for her younger sons (including Thomson Mason) by securing land and slaves. His uncle George Mason IV had inherited the Mason family estates by primogenture in 1735. His grandmother invested in real estate being developed along the Potomac River in Loudoun County, which by the time of her death may have exceeded the lands his uncle inherited by primogeniture. After education by private tutors as a boy, he and his brothers also had access to the library of his lawyer uncle John Mercer near Fredericksburg. Stevens T. Mason then traveled to Williamsburg, Virginia for higher education at the College of William & Mary, concentrating in legal studies.
Officer, lawyer and planter.
Admitted to the Virginia bar, Mason began a private legal practice in Dumfries, Virginia in Prince William County. Mason also operated farms in Loudoun county using enslaved labor, as would his descendants.
During the American Revolutionary War, as his uncle served in the Virginia General Assembly and drafted the Virginia Declaration of Rights as well as the first Virginia constitution and state seal, Stevens Mason served as an officer in the Continental Army and in the Virginia militia. By the Battle of Yorktown, he was a brigadier general in the Virginia militia as well as an aide to General George Washington.
Political career.
Following the war, Loudoun County voters elected him as one of their (part-time) representatives in the Virginia State House of Delegates in 1783, and he served alongside veteran John Carter, although neither won re-election the following year. However, in 1787 he won election to the Virginia State Senate representing Loudoun and nearby Fauquier Counties, but failed to win re-election in 1791, being replaced by Francis Peyton. Meanwhile Stevens Thomason Mason also won election (alongside Levin Powell) as Loudoun County's delegate to the Virginia Ratification Convention in 1788, during which his uncle (one of Stafford County's representatives) unsuccessfully fought against ratification, but ultimately caused Virginia's congressional delegates to propose the Bill of Rights modeled on his Declaration of Rights and which was approved as a Constitutional amendment. In 1790 Stevens Thomson Mason again won election to the Virginia Senate representing Loudoun and Fauquier Counties, but was again replaced by Francis Peyton in the 1791, 1792, 1793 sessions. Less than two years following his uncle's death, in 1794, Loudoun County voters returned Stevens Thomson Mason to the Virginia House of Delegates. Fellow legislators elected him to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of James Monroe. Stevens Thomson Mason won re-election in 1797 and again in 1803, and thus served from 18 November 1794, until his death in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 
While in the Senate Mason handed a copy of the secret Jay Treaty to Pierre Adét, French minister to the United States. Since his country was at war with Great Britain and hated the idea of a treaty of “amity” between her and the United States, Adét gave the document to Benjamin Bache, publisher of The Aurora — a newspaper — with the hope of raising just the sort of public outcry that ensued—and even, perhaps, of blocking ratification of the treaty.
Death and legacy.
He is interred in the family burying ground at Raspberry Plain in Loudoun County, Virginia.
Marriage and children.
Mason married Mary Elizabeth Armistead on May 1, 1783. The couple had six children:
Relations.
Brother of John Thomson Mason (1765–1824); half-brother of William Temple Thomson Mason (1782–1862); first cousin of George Mason V (1753–1796); first cousin once removed of Thomson Francis Mason (1785–1838), George Mason VI (1786–1834), Richard Barnes Mason (1797–1850), and James Murray Mason (1798–1871); father of Armistead Thomson Mason (1787–1819) and John Thomson Mason (1787–1850); uncle of John Thomson Mason Jr. (1815–1873); and grandfather of Stevens Thomson Mason (1811–1843). His great granddaughter Kate Mason Rowland would be one of the founding members of the Daughters of the Confederacy and also write a two-volume biography of George Mason IV.