Fedora Barbieri

Fedora Barbieri (4 June 1920 – 4 March 2003) was an Italian mezzo-soprano.
Barbieri was born in Trieste. She made her official debut in Florence in 1940, but retired in 1943 because of her marriage. She re-emerged in 1945. She was one of the first performers to investigate and perform in early operas by Monteverdi and Pergolesi. Her debut at the Teatro alla Scala, where she was to have her greatest successes, came in 1942, with a performance of Ludwig van Beethoven's 9th Symphony, conducted by Victor de Sabata.
She made her debut at the Metropolitan Opera on 6 November 1950, in the role of Princess Eboli in Verdi's "Don Carlos". Altogether, she gave 96 performances of 11 operas in that house, and also sang Eboli in the famous Luchino Visconti production for the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden's centenary, in 1958.
In 1956, the mezzo-soprano filmed Mistress Quickly, in "Falstaff", for RAI, conducted by Tullio Serafin and directed by Herbert Graf, with Giuseppe Taddei and Scipio Colombo.
Though she never officially retired, she more or less discontinued performing live in the 1990s, making her career one of the longest in opera history. She sang last time on stage in 2000 (Mamma Lucia in Cavalleria Rusticana).
Although generally considered a formidable actress and singer in her own right, she is now mostly remembered for regularly partnering Maria Callas on- as well as off-stage during the 1950s. Many of their collaborations (together with other regular partners Giuseppe di Stefano, Boris Christoff, Tito Gobbi, Rolando Panerai, and Serafin) were recorded by Fonit Cetra ("La Gioconda", 1952) and EMI. Her most famous portrayals included Amneris in "Aïda", with Jussi Björling, Azucena in "Il trovatore", Quickly in "Falstaff", Eboli in "Don Carlo", and Ulrica in "Un ballo in maschera". Her 1951 performance of the Verdi Requiem, with Herva Nelli, di Stefano and Cesare Siepi, conducted by Arturo Toscanini, was issued by RCA.
Barbieri can be seen and heard in several operas issued on DVD, e.g. in the role of Madelon in "Andrea Chénier", starring Plácido Domingo and conducted by Nello Santi; also as Giovanna in "Rigoletto" directed by Jean-Pierre Ponnelle, with Luciano Pavarotti and conducted by Riccardo Chailly; and as Mamma Lucia in Franco Zeffirelli's "Cavalleria rusticana", again with Domingo and conducted by Georges Prêtre (all three recorded in her very mature age). In 1996, she sang and spoke in Jan Schmidt-Garre's film "Opera Fanatic". She died, aged 82, in Florence.