Tulipa fosteriana

Tulipa fosteriana is a species of tulip, native to the Pamir Mountains and nearby areas of Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. 
Description.
The plants can grow up to tall with a thick stem. It has 3-5 leaves, which are broadly ovate shaped and glaucous.
It blooms in early mid spring, between March-April (or in St. Petersburg in May). It has large red flowers, often lined with black,
They open out flat or cup-like in form. Inside, it has dark violet anthers which are twice as long as the stamens.
It produces seed in June.
Biochemistry.
Anthocyanins have been found in various tulip flowers, such as "Tulipa gesneriana", "Tulipa fosteriana" and "Tulipa eichleri".
Taxonomy.
The Latin specific epithet "fosteriana" refers to Michael Foster (a known British Iris expert).
"'Tulipa fosteriana" was first published and described by Walter Irving, a British botanist (1867-1934), in Gard. Chron. III, Vol.39 on page 322 in 1906.
Distribution.
"T. fosteriana" is native to temperate regions of Central Asia. It can be found in Afghanistan and Tajikistan.
Habitat.
It is found in the wild on rocky scrub-covered hillsides, or on stony slopes at an altitude of above sea level.
Cultivation.
Resistant to tulip breaking virus, it has been crossed into garden tulips ("Tulipa × gesneriana"). 
They naturalize easily and can come back year after year in the garden. They are well suited to mixed borders and can also be used in bedding displays. They can grow in any garden soil but prefer sites in full sun. They also can be propagated vegetatively and also by seed. It can grow in USDA Hardiness Zones: 3 to 8.
It is a well-known species, which has been the originator to many cultivars. The various cultivars can differ from one another in height, but all have solitary, bowl shaped flowers that are 5in wide (12cm), with a slender and sometimes striped leaves.
Its cultivar 'Juan' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. It has red-orange flowers with yellow centres and variegated leaves.
Tulip 'Zombie' is another 'fosteriana' cultivar with large flowers and glaucous-blue leaves.
Another known cultivar is 'Red Emperor'.
Other Sources.
 