Solomon family

Samuel Moss Solomon (c. 1769 – 13 May 1842) was an early Jewish settler in Australia, amongst whose descendants many achieved a degree of notability. The relationship between these descendants is complicated by three factors: the duplication of names, not only within a family line but across lines; the number of intra-family marriages; and marriages to people with the same surname but not closely related. This list is not exhaustive but includes most family members likely to be found in Wikipedia and Australian newspapers.
History.
Samuel Moss Solomon had a business in London manufacturing pencils, though reports of him being an inventor or even a major manufacturer are unsupportable. He married Elizabeth Moses (c. 1772–c. 1814) and had four sons: Moss Samuel, Emanuel, Vaiben and Phillip, and four daughters: Susan, Hannah, Sarah and Esther. After the death of Elizabeth he married Esther Davis (31 December 1774 – 13 July 1875), with whom he had another two children, Isaac and Elizabeth "Betsy". Their home was at 30 Wentworth Street, Spitalfields, London.
Two sons, Vaiben and Emanuel, fell foul of the law, and were transported to Sydney in 1818 on the "Lady Castlereagh" as convicts. Fifteen years later Samuel Moss Solomon and his wife Esther and many of their family emigrated to Australia in the "Enchantress", arriving in Sydney on 24 April 1833. Sons Moss Samuel Solomon and Isaac Solomon emigrated, also several children of Susan Benjamin, née Solomon, and later Susan herself. Hannah (1801 – 1 September 1849), Sarah (1806 – 14 March 1893) and Phillip (1806 – September 1876) were married and remained in England.
Samuel Moss Solomon died in Sydney in 1842. Ten years after the death of her husband, Esther moved to the home of her son Isaac in Adelaide, where she died some 23 years later.
Family.
Samuel Moss Solomon (c. 1769 – 13 May 1842 in Sydney) married Elizabeth Moses (c. 1772–c. 1814). She was the mother of Moss Samuel (1796 – 3? 4? February 1849), Susan (1799 – 14 June 1885), Emanuel (1800 – 3 October 1873), Hannah (1801 – 1 September 1849), Vaiben (1802 – 21 June 1860), Phillip (1806 – September 1876), Sarah (c. 1808 – 14 March 1893), and Esther (1809 – 3 December 1869).
He married again, to Esther Davis (31 December 1774 – 13 July 1875), with whom he had another two children: Isaac (5 April 1816 – 27 July 1901) and Elizabeth "Betsy" (14 June 1821 – 9 February 1898). He is reported as emigrating to Sydney with daughters Hannah and Elizabeth in April 1833. Ten years after the death of her husband, Esther moved to the home of her son Isaac in Adelaide, where she died some 23 years later.
Moss Samuel.
Moss Samuel Solomon (1796 – 3? 4? February 1849) married Elizabeth "Betsy" Myers or Meyers (c. 1799–c. 1825). Second marriage to Leah Myers (1807 – 4 January 1871 in Adelaide) c. 1830
Susan.
Susan Solomon (1799 – 14 June 1885) married Moses (or Moss) Benjamin (c. 1797 – 24 April 1876), lived in Tavistock Street, Adelaide from 1869 to 1876 at least. Susan died at the home of son-in-law Isaac Asher, North Adelaide. Their family included:
Emanuel.
Emanuel Solomon MLC (1800 – 3 October 1873) married fellow convict Mary Ann Wilson on 6 November 1826. On 12 April 1844 he married Cecilia "Celia" Adelaide Smith ( – 24 July 1852) who died in Sydney; that same year he married a third time, to Catherine Abrahams (1819 – 2 July 1901). Their children included:
Hannah.
Hannah Solomon (1801– ) married Benjamin Samuel Cohen (1791–1858); they never left England. She has been reported as emigrating to Sydney with her father in April 1833. Their children include:
Vaiben.
Vaiben Solomon (1798? 1802? – 21 June 1860) was transported for larceny to Sydney 1818, married Mary "Sarah" Smith (c. 1809 – 18 May 1879) in 1826. Vaiben and his family are listed in the subscriptions to the building of Sydney's first Synagogue (see the Circular to the Members of the Faith of Israel, 1839, in which Vaiben Solomon is listed on the committee for the building of a New Synagogue, built in 1844 in York Street). Among their children were:
Vaiben and sons David V. Solomon (1828–1909), Abraham V. Solomon (1832–1894) and Saul V. Solomon (1834–1911) were from before 1856 in partnership as V. Solomon and Sons, graziers at Horningsea Park, near Liverpool. Vaiben withdrew from the partnership in April 1857. His sons continued as D., A. & S. Solomon; they left the district in 1872. During his life Vaiben accumulated a considerable portfolio of properties.
Philip.
Philip Solomon (1806 – September 1876) about whom little is known. It is likely he married and was father of Selina Sarah Solomon (7 September 1850 – 26 November 1891), later Phillips
Sarah.
Sarah Solomon (c. 1808 – 14 March 1893) married Michael Joshua (1806 – 9 January 1887). They arrived in Sydney in December 1839. He was a dealer of Hindley Street, lived in Brighton, South Australia at least 1845–1853, later Melbourne, died in Cooktown, Queensland. They had four daughters and two sons. 
Esther.
Esther Solomon (1809 – 4 December 1869) married Israel Myers (c. 1806 – 17 August 1894). She may have arrived in Hobart in January 1833. Their children include:
Isaac.
Isaac Solomon (5 April 1816? 1818? – 27 July 1901) arrived in Sydney in 1833, married Isabella Solomon (17 September 1820 – 1 December 1863), daughter of his half-brother Moss Samuel Solomon, at the Bridge Street Synagogue, Sydney, on 15 June 1842. Later had home "Elizabeth Villa" on Kent Terrace, Norwood, South Australia. He had an import business in Adelaide in partnership (dissolved December 1857) with nephew Judah Moss Solomon (1818–1880) at the London end.
Elizabeth.
Elizabeth "Betsy" Solomon (14 June 1821 – 9 February 1898) married Michael Cashmore (7 March 1815 – 17 October 1886) in Sydney on 9 December 1840, survived wreck of the steamship PS "Clonmel" on 2 January 1841, to become the first Jewish settlers of Victoria. They lived at "Cashmore's Corner", 1 Elizabeth Street then Albert Park, Victoria. His sisters Esther Cashmore and Leah Cashmore married Crawcour boys, eldest Susan Cashmore married a Benjamin.
Bibliography.
Jenny Cowan, (2016) "Meet our Ancestors — Solomon and Associated Families: Volume 1" not as yet accessed