List of Asteraceae of South Africa

Asteraceae or Compositae is a family of flowering plants (anthophytes) in the order Asterales. Asteraceae (commonly referred to as the aster, daisy, composite, or sunflower family), is a very large and widespread family, which includes over 32,000 currently accepted species, in over 1,900 genera (list) in 13 subfamilies. In terms of numbers of species, the Asteraceae are rivaled only by the Orchidaceae. Nearly all Asteraceae bear their flowers in dense heads (capitula or pseudanthia) surrounded by involucral bracts. When viewed from a distance, each capitulum may appear to be a single flower. Enlarged outer (peripheral) flowers in the capitula may resemble petals, and the involucral bracts may look like a calyx. The name Asteraceae comes from the type genus "Aster", from the Ancient Greek , meaning star, and refers to the star-like form of the inflorescence. The alternative name Compositae is still valid under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. It refers to the "composite" nature of the capitula, which consist of a few or many individual flowers.
Most members of Asteraceae are annual or perennial herbs, but a significant number are also shrubs, vines, or trees. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution, with species ranging from subpolar to tropical regions, colonizing a wide variety of habitats. The largest proportion of the species occur in the arid and semiarid regions of subtropical and lower temperate latitudes.
23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened. Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.
The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).
329 genera are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.
Acanthospermum.
Genus "Acanthospermum":
Acanthotheca.
Genus "Acanthotheca":
Achillea.
Genus "Achillea":
Achyrocline.
Genus "Achyrocline":
Acmella.
Genus "Acmella":
Adenachaena.
Genus "Adenachaena":
Adenanthellum.
Genus "Adenanthellum":
Adenoglossa.
Genus "Adenoglossa":
Adenostemma.
Genus "Adenostemma":
Afroaster.
Genus "Afroaster":
Ageratina.
Genus "Ageratina":
Ageratum.
Genus "Ageratum":
Alatoseta.
Genus "Alatoseta":
Alciope.
Genus "Alciope":
Ambrosia.
Genus "Ambrosia":
Amellus.
Genus "Amellus":
Amphiglossa.
Genus "Amphiglossa":
Anaglypha.
Genus "Anaglypha":
Anaxeton.
Genus "Anaxeton":
Anderbergia.
Genus "Anderbergia":
Anisochaeta.
Genus "Anisochaeta":
Anisopappus.
Genus "Anisopappus":
Anisothrix.
Genus "Anisothrix":
Anthemis.
Genus "Anthemis":
Antithrixia.
Genus "Antithrixia":
Aphelexis.
Genus "Aphelexis":
Arctotheca.
Genus "Arctotheca":
Arctotis.
Genus "Arctotis":
Argyrocome.
Genus "Argyrocome":
Arnica.
Genus "Arnica":
Arrowsmithia.
Genus "Arrowsmithia":
Artemisia.
Genus "Artemisia":
Artemisiopsis.
Genus "Artemisiopsis":
Ascaricida.
Genus "Ascaricida":
Aspilia.
Genus "Aspilia":
Aster.
Genus "Aster":
Athanasia.
Genus "Athanasia":
Athrixia.
Genus "Athrixia":
Atractylis.
Genus "Atractylis":
Atrichantha.
Genus "Atrichantha":
Baccharis.
Genus "Baccharis":
Baccharoides.
Genus "Baccharoides":
Berkheya.
Genus "Berkheya":
Bertilia.
Genus "Bertilia":
Bidens.
Genus "Bidens":
Blainvillea.
Genus "Blainvillea":
Blumea.
Genus "Blumea":
Bolandia.
Genus "Bolandia":
Bothriocline.
Genus "Bothriocline":
Brachylaena.
Genus "Brachylaena":
Brachymeris.
Genus "Brachymeris":
Brachyrhynchos.
Genus "Brachyrhynchos":
Bryomorphe.
Genus "Bryomorphe":
Cacalia.
Genus "Cacalia":
Cadiscus.
Genus "Cadiscus":
Calendula.
Genus "Calendula":
Callilepis.
Genus "Callilepis":
Calostephane.
Genus "Calostephane":
Calotesta.
Genus "Calotesta":
Campuloclinium.
Genus "Campuloclinium":
Candidea.
Genus "Candidea":
Capelio.
Genus "Capelio":
Caputia.
Genus "Caputia":
Carduus.
Genus "Carduus":
Carthamus.
Genus "Carthamus":
Castalis.
Genus "Castalis":
Cenia.
Genus "Cenia":
Centaurea.
Genus "Centaurea":
Centipeda.
Genus "Centipeda":
Centrapalus.
Genus "Centrapalus":
Chondrilla.
Genus "Chondrilla":
Chromolaena.
Genus "Chromolaena":
Chrysanthellum.
Genus "Chrysanthellum":
Chrysanthemoides.
Genus "Chrysanthemoides":
Chrysanthemum.
Genus "Chrysanthemum":
Chrysocoma.
Genus "Chrysocoma":
Cineraria.
Genus "Cineraria":
Cirsium.
Genus "Cirsium":
Cnicus.
Genus "Cnicus":
Comborhiza.
Genus "Comborhiza":
Conyza.
Genus "Conyza":
Corymbium.
Genus "Corymbium":
Cosmos.
Genus "Cosmos":
Cotula.
Genus "Cotula":
Crassocephalum.
Genus "Crassocephalum":
Crassothonna.
Genus "Crassothonna":
Crepis.
Genus "Crepis":
Cullumia.
Genus "Callumia":
Curio.
Genus "Curio":
Cuspidia.
Genus "Cuspidia":
Cyanthillium.
Genus "Cyanthillium":
Cymbopappus.
Genus "Cymbopappus":
Cypselodontia.
Genus "Cypselodontia":
Decaneurum.
Genus "Decaneurum":
Delairea.
Genus "Delairea":
Denekia.
Genus "Denekia":
Dicerothamnus.
Genus "Dicerothamnus":
Dichrocephala.
Genus "Dichrocephala":
Dicoma.
Genus "Dicoma":
Didelta.
Genus "Didelta":
Dimorphanthes.
Genus "Dimorphanthes":
Dimorphotheca.
Genus "Dimorphotheca":
Disparago.
Genus "Disparago":
Distephanus.
Genus "Distephanus":
Dittrichia.
Genus "Dittrichia":
Doellia.
Genus "Doellia":
Dolichothrix.
Genus "Dolichothrix":
Doria.
Genus "Doria":
Doronicum.
Genus "Doronicum":
Dymondia.
Genus "Dymondia":
Eclipta.
Genus "Eclipta":
Edmondia.
Genus "Edmondia":
Elephantopus.
Genus "Elephantopus":
Elytropappus.
Genus "Elytropappus":
Emilia.
Genus "Emilia":
Enydra.
Genus "Enydra":
Erigeron.
Genus "Erigeron":
Eriocephalus.
Genus "Eriocephalus":
Erlangia.
Genus "Erlangia":
Eschenbachia.
Genus "Eschenbachia":
Ethulia.
Genus "Ethulia":
Eumorphia.
Genus "Eumorphia":
Eupatorium.
Genus "Eupatorium":
Euryops.
Genus "Euryops":
Facelis.
Genus "Facelis":
Felicia.
Genus "Felicia":
Flaveria.
Genus "Flaveria":
Foveolina.
Genus "Foveolina":
Gaillardia.
Genus "Gaillardia":
Galeomma.
Genus "Galeomma":
Galinsoga.
Genus "Galinsoga":
Gamochaeta.
Genus "Gamochaeta":
Garuleum.
Genus "Garuleum":
Gazania.
Genus "Gazania":
Geigeria.
Genus "Geigeria":
Gerbera.
Genus "Gerbera":
Gibbaria.
Genus "Gibbaria":
Glebionis.
Genus "Glebionis":
Gnaphalium.
Genus "Gnaphalium":
Gongrothamnus.
Genus "Gongrothamnus":
Gongyloglossa.
Genus "Gongyloglossa":
Gorteria.
Genus "Gorteria":
Grangea.
Genus "Grangea":
Guizotia.
Genus "Guizotia":
Gymnanthemum.
Genus "Gymnanthemum":
Gymnodiscus.
Genus "Gymnodiscus":
Gymnopentzia.
Genus "Gymnopentzia":
Gymnostephium.
Genus "Gymnostephium":
Haplocarpha.
Genus "Haplocarpha":
Hedypnois.
Genus "Hedypnois":
Helianthus.
Genus "Helianthus":
Helichrysopsis.
Genus "Helichrysopsis":
Helichrysum.
Genus "Helichrysum":
Helminthotheca.
Genus "Helminthotheca":
Hertia.
Genus "Hertia":
Heterolepis.
Genus "Heterolepis":
Heteromma.
Genus "Heteromma":
Heterorhachis.
Genus "Heterorhachis":
Hilliardia.
Genus "Hilliardia":
Hilliardiella.
Genus "Hilliardiella":
Hippia.
Genus "Hippia":
Hirpicium.
Genus "Hirpicium":
Hoplophyllum.
Genus "Hoplophyllum":
Hydroidea.
Genus "Hydroidea":
Hymenolepis.
Genus "Hymenolepis":
Hyoseris.
Genus "Hyoseris":
Hypericophyllum.
Genus "Hypericophyllum":
Hypochaeris.
Genus "Hypochaeris":
Ifloga.
Genus "Ifloga":
Inezia.
Genus "Inezia":
Inula.
Genus "Inula":
Inulanthera.
Genus "Inulanthera":
Inuloides.
Genus "Inuloides":
Iocaste.
Genus "Iocaste":
Keringa.
Genus "Keringa":
Kleinia.
Genus "Kleinia":
Klenzea.
Genus "Klenzea":
Lachnospermum.
Genus "Lachnospermum":
Lactuca.
Genus "Lactuca":
Laevicarpa.
Genus "Laevicarpa":
Laggera.
Genus "Laggera":
Lamprocephalus.
Genus "Lamprocephalus":
Langebergia.
Genus "Langebergia":
Lapsana.
Genus "Lapsana":
Lasiopogon.
Genus "Lasiopogon":
Lasiopus.
Genus "Lasiopus":
Lasiospermum.
Genus "Lasiospermum":
Launaea.
Genus "Launaea":
Lepidostephium.
Genus "Lepidostephium":
Leptilon.
Genus "Leptilon":
Leucanthemum.
Genus "Leucanthemum":
Leucoptera.
Genus "Leucoptera":
Leysera.
Genus "Leysera":
Lidbeckia.
Genus "Lidbeckia":
Linzia.
Genus "Linzia":
Litogyne.
Genus "Litogyne":
Lopholaena.
Genus "Lopholaena":
Macledium.
Genus "Macledium":
Macowania.
Genus "Macowania":
Mairia.
Genus "Mairia":
Mantisalca.
Genus "Mantisalca":
Marasmodes.
Genus "Marasmodes":
Marsea.
Genus "Marsea":
Matricaria.
Genus "Matricaria":
Melanthera.
Genus "Melanthera":
Mesogramma.
Genus "Mesogramma":
Metalasia.
Genus "Metalasia":
Microglossa.
Genus "Microglossa":
Mikania.
Genus "Mikania":
Mikaniopsis.
Genus "Mikaniopsis":
Minurothamnus.
Genus "Minurothamnus":
Monoculus.
Genus "Monoculus":
Montanoa.
Genus "Montanoa":
Monticapra.
Genus "Monticapra":
Morysia.
Genus "Morysia":
Myrovernix.
Genus "Myrovernix":
Myxopappus.
Genus "Myxopappus":
Namibithamnus.
Genus "Namibithamnus":
Nephrotheca.
Genus "Nephrotheca":
Nestlera.
Genus "Nestlera":
Nicolasia.
Genus "Nicolasia":
Nidorella.
Genus "Nidorella":
Nolletia.
Genus "Nolletia":
Norlindhia.
Genus "Norlindhia":
Oedera.
Genus "Oedera":
Oldenburgia.
Genus "Oldenburgia":
Oligocarpus.
Genus "Oligocarpus":
Oligoglossa.
Genus "Oligoglossa":
Oligothrix.
Genus "Oligothrix":
Oncosiphon.
Genus "Oncosiphon":
Oocephala.
Genus "Oocephala":
Orbivestus.
Genus "Orbivestus":
Oreoleysera.
Genus "Oreoleysera":
Oresbia.
Genus "Oresbia":
Osmitopsis.
Genus "Osmitopsis":
Osteospermum.
Genus "Osteospermum":
Othonna.
Genus "Othonna":
Oxylaena.
Genus "Oxylaena":
Parapolydora.
Genus "Parapolydora":
Parthenium.
Genus "Parthenium":
Pechuel-loeschea.
Genus "Pechuel-loeschea":
Pegolettia.
Genus "Pegolettia":
Pentanema.
Genus "Pentanema":
Pentatrichia.
Genus "Pentatrichia":
Pentzia.
Genus "Pentzia":
Perdicium.
Genus "Perdicium":
Petalacte.
Genus "Petalacte":
Peyrousea.
Genus "Peyrousea":
Phaenocoma.
Genus "Phaenocoma":
Phaneroglossa.
Genus "Phaneroglossa":
Philyrophyllum.
Genus "Philyrophyllum":
Phymaspermum.
Genus "Phymaspermum":
Picris.
Genus "Picris":
Planea.
Genus "Planea":
Platycarpha.
Genus "Platycarpha":
Platycarphella.
Genus "Platycarphella":
Plecostachys.
Genus "Plecostachys":
Plectreca.
Genus "Plectreca":
Pluchea.
Genus "Pluchea":
Poecilolepis.
Genus "Poecilolepis":
Polyarrhena.
Genus "Polyarrhena":
Polydora.
Genus "Polydora":
Printzia.
Genus "Printzia":
Pseudoconyza.
Genus "Pseudoconyza":
Pseudognaphalium.
Genus "Pseudognaphalium":
Pseudopegolettia.
Genus "Pseudopegolettia":
Psiadia.
Genus "Psiadia":
Pteronia.
Genus "Pteronia":
Pterothrix.
Genus "Pterothrix":
Pulicaria.
Genus "Pulicaria":
Relhania.
Genus "Relhania":
Rennera.
Genus "Rennera":
Rhynchopsidium.
Genus "Rhynchopsidium":
Roldana.
Genus "Roldana":
Roodebergia.
Genus "Roodebergia":
Rosenia.
Genus "Rosenia":
Schistostephium.
Genus "Schistostephium":
Schkuhria.
Genus "Schkuhria":
Senecio.
Genus "Senecio":
Seneciodes.
Genus "Seneciodes":
Seriphium.
Genus "Seriphium":
Sigesbeckia.
Genus "Sigesbeckia":
Silybum.
Genus "Silybum":
Solanecio.
Genus "Solanecio":
Solidago.
Genus "Solidago":
Soliva.
Genus "Soliva":
Sonchus.
Genus "Sonchus":
Sphaeranthus.
Genus "Sphaeranthus":
Sphagneticola.
Genus "Sphagneticola":
Spilanthes.
Genus "Spilanthes":
Staehelina.
Genus "Staehelina":
Steirodiscus.
Genus "Steirodiscus":
Stengelia.
Genus "Stengelia":
Stilpnogyne.
Genus "Stilpnogyne":
Stoebe.
Genus "Stoebe":
Stomatanthes.
Genus "Stomatanthes":
Symphyotrichum.
Genus "Symphyotrichum":
Syncarpha.
Genus "Syncarpha":
Tagetes.
Genus "Tagetes":
Tanacetum.
Genus "Tanacetum":
Taraxacum.
Genus "Taraxacum":
Tarchonanthus.
Genus "Tarchonanthus":
Tenrhynea.
Genus "Tenrhynea":
Thaminophyllum.
Genus "Thaminophyllum":
Tithonia.
Genus "Tithonia":
Tolpis.
Genus "Tolpis":
Tragopogon.
Genus "Tragopogon":
Trichogyne.
Genus "Trichogyne":
Tridax.
Genus "Tridax":
Tripteris.
Genus "Tripteris":
Troglophyton.
Genus "Troglophyton":
Urospermum.
Genus "Urospermum":
Ursinia.
Genus "Ursinia":
Vellereophyton.
Genus "Vellereophyton":
Verbesina.
Genus "Verbesina":
Vernonella.
Genus "Vernonella":
Vernonia.
Genus "Vernonia":
Vernoniastrum.
Genus "Vernoniastrum":
Vicoa.
Genus "Vicoa":
Waitzia.
Genus "Waitzia":
Webbia.
Genus "Webbia":
Wedelia.
Genus "Wedelia":
Xanthium.
Genus "Xanthium":
Xenismia.
Genus "Xenismia":
Xeranthemum.
Genus "Xeranthemum":
Youngia.
Genus "Youngia":
Zinnia.
Genus "Zinnia":
Zoutpansbergia.
Genus "Zoutpansbergia":
Zyrphelis.
Genus "Zyrphelis":