Guacamole

Guacamole (; (informally shortened to "guac" in the United States since the 1980s) is an avocado-based dip, spread, or salad first developed in Mexico. In addition to its use in modern Mexican cuisine, it has become part of international and American cuisine as a dip, condiment and salad ingredient.
Etymology and pronunciation.
The name comes from Classical Nahuatl , which literally translates to 'avocado sauce', from "āhuacatl" 'avocado' + "mōlli" 'sauce'. In Mexican Spanish, it is pronounced , in American English, it tends to be pronounced , and in British English, .
History.
Avocados were first cultivated in South Central Mexico around 10,000 years ago. In the early 1900s, avocados frequently went by the name "alligator pear". In the 1697 book, "A New Voyage Round the World", the first known description of a guacamole recipe (though not known by that name) was by English privateer and naturalist William Dampier, who in his visit to Central America during one of his circumnavigations, noted a native preparation made of grinding together avocados, sugar, and lime juice.
Guacamole has increased avocado sales in the U.S., especially on Super Bowl Sunday and Cinco de Mayo. The rising consumption of guacamole is most likely due to the U.S. government lifting a ban on avocado imports in the 1990s and the growth of the U.S. Latino population.
Ingredients.
Guacamole dip is traditionally made by mashing peeled, ripe avocados and sea salt with a "molcajete y tejolote" (mortar and pestle). Recipes often call for lime juice, cilantro, and jalapeños. Some non-traditional recipes may call for sour cream, tomatoes, basil, or peas.
Due to the presence of polyphenol oxidase in the cells of avocado, exposure to oxygen in the air causes an enzymatic reaction and develops melanoidin pigment, turning the sauce brown. This result is generally considered unappetizing, and there are several methods (some anecdotal) that are used to counter this effect, such as storing the guacamole in an air-tight container or wrapping tightly in plastic to limit the surface area exposed to the air.
Composition and nutrients.
As the major ingredient of guacamole is raw avocado, the nutritional value of the dish derives from avocado vitamins, minerals and fats, providing dietary fiber, several B vitamins, vitamin K, vitamin E and potassium in significant content (see Daily Value percentages in nutrient table for avocado). Avocados are a source of saturated fat, monounsaturated fat and phytosterols, such as beta-sitosterol. They also contain carotenoids, such as beta-carotene, zeaxanthin and lutein.
Similar foods.
"Mantequilla de pobre".
"Mantequilla de pobre" () is a mixture of avocado, tomato, oil, and citrus juice. Despite its name, it predates the arrival of dairy cattle in the Americas, and thus was not originally made as a butter substitute.
"Guasacaca".
Thinner and more acidic, or thick and chunky, "guasacaca" is a Venezuelan avocado-based sauce; it is made with vinegar, and is served over "parrillas" (grilled food), "arepas", "empanadas", and various other dishes. It is common to make the "guasacaca" with a little hot sauce instead of "jalapeño", but like a guacamole, it is not usually served as a hot sauce itself. Pronounced "wasakaka" in Latin America.
Commercial products.
Prepared guacamoles are available in stores, often available refrigerated, frozen or in high pressure packaging which pasteurizes and extends shelf life if products are maintained at .
Holiday.
National Guacamole Day is celebrated on the same day as Mexican Independence Day, September 16.
In popular culture.
On April 6, 2018, Junta Local de Sanidad Vegetal de Tancítaro, Mexico, achieved the Guinness World Records for the largest serving of guacamole. They created it as part of Tancítaro's 7th Annual Avocado Festival in Tancítaro, Michoacán, Mexico. The serving weighed 3,788 kg (8,351 lb) and had more than 350 people help prepare it.