Privilegium de non appellando

Within the Holy Roman Empire, the privilegium de non appellando (privilege of not appealing) was a privilege that could be granted by the emperor to an imperial estate. It limited the right of an estate's subjects to appeal cases from territorial courts to either of the imperial supreme courts, the Imperial Chamber Court ("Reichskammergericht") or the Imperial Aulic Council ("Reichshofrat"). The privilege itself could be limited ("limitatum") or unlimited ("illimitatum"). When unlimited, it effectively turned the highest territorial court into a court of last resort.
The privilege was highly prized by imperial estates, both because it lent prestige and because it furthered the integration of their administration by cutting off their judiciary from the rest of the Empire. Between the 16th and 18th century, virtually all the larger estates received the privilege. Almost all the Habsburg lands had the privilege.
Even the unlimited privilege was not in fact absolute. It did not apply when a subject was given no recourse to territorial courts (refusal of justice, "Rechtsverweigerung") or when a ruler refused to implement a court decision (delay of justice, "Rechtsverzögerung"). In such cases the subject could go to an imperial court.