National Youth Commission (Philippines)

The National Youth Commission (), also known as the NYC, is a government agency in the Philippines that specifically addresses issues surrounding the Filipino youth. It was founded on June 30, 1995, via "Republic Act 8044" or the "Youth in Nation-Building Act of 1995". 
The NYC is the Philippine government's sole policy-making body on youth affairs, but also coordinates and implements programs designed to respond to and raise awareness on youth issues. Its mandate is enshrined in the 1987 Philippine Constitution: "The State recognizes the vital role of the youth in nation-building and shall promote and protect their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual and social well-being. It shall inculcate in the youth patriotism and nationalism; and encourage their involvement in public and civic affairs." 
History.
During the Marcos administration, government supervision on youth affairs fell under the Kabataang Barangay National Secretariat, the Youth Development Affairs, and the Secretariat on Youth Affairs. Under the Aquino administration, these were abolished and functions were carried over to the Presidential Council for Youth Affairs (PCYA).
The agency was founded on June 30, 1995 through Republic Act 8044 or the "Youth in Nation-Building Act of 1995", mandating it to be the "policy-making coordinating body of all youth-related institutions, programs, projects and activities of the government."
On July 4, 2016, NYC was among the 12 agencies, formerly from the Office of the President reassigned to the Office of the Cabinet Secretary, based on Executive Order #1 issued by President Rodrigo Duterte. On October 31, 2018, the Commission, through Executive Order No. 67, was transferred to the Department of the Interior and Local Government along with the National Commission on Muslim Filipinos and the Philippine Commission on Women as part of the reorganization of the Office of the Cabinet Secretary.
Mandate.
The agency's mandates are specified under RA 8044 ("Youth in Nation-Building Act of 1995") and RA 10742 ("SK Reform Act of 2015").
Youth Development Program.
The agency is mandated to formulate, approve, and implement Medium-Term Youth Development Program (MTYDP) every three (3) years. Currently, the MTYDP in place is called the Philippine Youth Development Plan for 2017-2022. It is also mandated to conduct a study on the situation of the youth sector every three (3) years to identify priority needs, prevailing attitudes, and gaps in service delivery. Its most recent study is entitled the National Youth Assessment Study (NYAS) conducted in 2015. 
Sangguniang Kabataan.
The agency serves as the National Secretariat of the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK), local youth councils in the Philippines. The agency conducts mandatory continuing program for elected SK officials and coordinates with relevant government agencies for policies involving the SK and Local Youth Development Offices. In coordination with various youth groups, the agency spearheaded efforts for the passage of RA 10742 in 2018. 
National Youth Parliament.
The agency convenes the National Youth Parliament (NYP) every two (2) years. The NYP is a 3-day convention of youth leaders wherein policy recommendations are formulated to address youth issues, and serve as the government’s guide in policy formulation and program development. Started in 1996, youth leaders gather every two years to share ideas and gain valuable insights and networks to aid them in their youth development efforts. The most recent parliament was held last October 2018 in Davao City, where it caught controversies due to alleged electioneering.
Youth Organizations & Volunteer Program.
The agency contributes to the development and proliferation of youth organizations in the country. The agency's Youth Organization Registration Program (YORP) was launched to register, help, and facilitate the establishment of youth organizations and youth-serving organizations.
The agency also founded the Ten Accomplished Youth Organizations (TAYO) Awards, an annual search and recognition program for outstanding contributions made by youth and youth-serving organizations nationwide. Under the term of NYC Chairperson Ronald Cardema, the agency stopped sponsoring the award-giving program establish the "President Rodrigo Roa Duterte Youth Leadership Awards", which did not materialize.
The National Youth Volunteer Program, initially established to mobilize youth volunteers for the 2005 Southeast Asian Games, is now an ongoing platform for volunteer training and mobilization for various activities nationwide.
Composition.
The agency is headed by one (1) Chairperson, three (3) Commissioners representing Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao, and two (2) Commissioners-at-large. Its secretariat is headed by an Executive Director who concurrently serves as Chief Operation Officer. These officials serve for a term of three (3) years, with reappointment for another term.
Controversies.
Electioneering in the 12th National Youth Parliament.
In October 2018, the 12th National Youth Parliament held in Davao City was met by a series of controversies. First, then-NYC Chairperson Ronald Cardema was criticized for openly accusing youth groups Kabataan Partylist and Anakbayan as communist recruiters during the program's orientation. 
On the first day of the event, the program was suspended to accommodate then-senatorial candidate Bong Go, who discussed his campaign platform and invited delegates to support his campaign. Delegates were asked to do the "Duterte fist-pump" pose during a photo opportunity, while SK Federation Presidents were invited to celebrate with Go in the evening. In response, delegates passed a resolution barring politicians from using the event for political campaigns. Likewise, various youth groups and alumni of the parliament released statements criticizing the agency. In a Facebook post, Go denied allegations that he attended the event for his political campaign. 
Ronald Cardema's partylist nomination.
During the 2019 Philippine House of Representatives elections, the Duterte Youth Partylist chaired by then-NYC Chairperson Cardema won a seat. Upon announcement of winners, its five nominees withdrew their nominations while Cardema filed a substitution in a bid to fill in the seat himself. On August 5, 2019, the first division of the Commission on Elections (Philippines) (COMELEC) canceled his nomination as the party-list representative of Duterte Youth by a vote of 2–0. The decision was concurred by commissioners Rowena Guanzon and Marlon Casquejo, while Commissioner Al Parreño was away on official businesses. The cancellation stemmed from Cardema's claim that he was eligible for nomination on his Certificate of Acceptance and Nomination, which the COMELEC deemed "material misrepresentation" because of the 25- to 30-year-old age requirement as set out by the Party List Law. A certificate of the proclamation will not be issued to Cardema and he shall not be able to seat in the House of Representatives of the Philippines.
NYC Employees Association controversy.
On March 23, 2020, the agency released a statement addressed to Senate President Vicente “Tito” Sotto III, manifesting its support for the immediate passage of a legislative measure granting additional powers to President Rodrigo Duterte for COVID-19 response. This was met by criticism from youth and civil society groups as the initial bill contained provisions deemed unconstitutional. The agency's employees association called NYCEA released a statement clarifying that the statement did not go through any form of consultation with youth stakeholders or other NYC officials. In response, NYC Chairperson Enriquez threatened the NYCEA Board with disciplinary action for misconduct and insubordination as stated in the NYC Memorandum dated March 31, 2020 and April 13, 2020. 
In June 2020, the agency's employees association sent a letter addressed to President Rodrigo Duterte citing NYC Chairperson Enriquez's "abuse and usurpation of authority, violation of security of tenure, and harassment". In support, more than 120 SK chapters and youth groups released a statement calling for the Enriquez' resignation for "failure to release statements or action points to address pressing issues faced by the youth sector [amid the COVID-19 pandemic]" and for using the agency's social media accounts to release support towards the proposed Anti-Terrorism Bill. Neither Enriquez nor the Office of the President responded to the issues. 