Transalpine Pipeline

The Transalpine Pipeline (TAL) is a crude oil pipeline, which connects Italy, Austria and Germany.
History.
The feasibility study of the pipeline was carried out by Bechtel in 1963. The pipeline was commissioned in 1967. This time, the construction cost around US$ 192 million. 
Route.
The pipeline starts from the marine terminal in Trieste. From Trieste, the long pipeline runs through the Alps to Ingolstadt. From Ingolstadt long pipeline runs to Neustadt an der Donau and long pipeline runs to Karlsruhe. In Vohburg, the Transalpine Pipeline is connected with the Ingolstadt-Kralupy-Litvínov pipeline, which supplies oil refineries in the Czech Republic. It could be used to reverse the southern branch of the Druzhba pipeline to supply Slovakia.
In Würmlach, Austria, the Adria-Wien Pipeline (AWP) branches off from the Transalpine Pipeline. It supplies the OMV refinery in Schwechat. Through the proposed Bratislava - Schwechat Pipeline it may supply also Slovakia.
In addition to the sea transport, the Pan-European Pipeline, if constructed, will supply the Transalpine Pipeline.
Technical features.
The diameter of the trunkline between Trieste and Ingolstadt is . Both sections starting from Ingolstadt are with in diameter. The pipeline has ten pumping stations. The pipeline system includes tank farms in Trieste and Lenting, Germany. The capacity of the pipeline is approximately 43 million tons of crude oil per year. In 2012 the throughput of the pipeline was 34.9 million tons of crude oil.
Pipeline company.
The pipeline is owned by the consortium of eight oil companies. The current shareholders are:
The Czech unit of PKN Orlen, Unipetrol, is negotiating to buy an about 2% in the pipeline.