Indonesian Spelling System

The Indonesian Spelling System (, EBI), often referred to as the Indonesian Spelling System General Guidelines (, PUEBI) is the spelling system used for the Indonesian language. It was formerly known as the Enhanced Spelling System (, EYD). The system is an orthography released in 1972 was to replace the Republican Spelling System ("RSS", also called the Soewandi Spelling System, "SSS"). The aim of the change in 1972 was introduce greater harmonization of the Indonesian and Malay-language orthographies.
The adoption of the new EYD system, to begin on the 27th anniversary of Indonesia's independence on 17 August 1972, was announced by President Suharto on 16 August 1972. Government departments were instructed to begin using the EYD system on 1 January 1973. On 27 August 1975, the Minister of Education and Culture issued a decree which provided a detailed explanation of the changes proposed in the new system and marked the official use of EYD system.
Changes.
Various minor changes were announced after 1975:
Foreign loan letters.
Letters that had previously been included in the Republican Spelling as foreign loan letters are officially used in the EYD Spelling.
Q and X.
The letters Q and X are used in scientific subjects. Examples:
The letter Q is also used as needed for Islamic subjects. Examples:
Affixes and prepositions.
The writing of "di-" and "ke-" (affixes) can be distinguished from "di" and "ke" (prepositions), where "di-" and "ke-" are written together with the words that follow it, for example "diambil", "kehendak" (is being taken, desire), while "di" and "ke" are written separately with the words that follow it, for example "di rumah", "ke pasar" (at home, to the market). This is different from the former Republican Spelling, where both "di-" and "di" are written together with the words following it.
Reduplication.
Reduplication, mostly used in plural form of words, has to be fully written with letters, so the use of the number "2" as used in the Republican Spelling is no longer valid. (The practice remains common in informal usage such as in text messaging.)