Yuri Karlovich Arnold

Yuri Karlovich Arnold, also Jury, Georgy, Yourij, and Arnol't, Arnol'd (; November 13, 1811 – July 20, 1898), was a Russian composer, musicologist, music critic, choral conductor, theorist and music educator. There is some speculation that he was employed by the tsarist police and that some of the writings attributed to him were actually written by Peshenin, who was paid to keep it a secret. Also that some of his theories on the history of Russian church music are now seen as false. Among his students were Allemanov and Yu Mel’gunov.
Biography.
Yuri Karlovich Arnold was born in St. Petersburg, Petrograd. He studied political economy at the German University in Dorpat, Estonia, and served in the army from 1831–38 during the Polish campaign. After this, he decided to focus on a career in music and went to study harmony with Johann Leopold Fuchs and counterpoint with Joseph Hunke. In 1839, he won a Philharmonic Society award for his cantata "Svetlana".
Starting in 1841, he contributed to numerous journals including "the S.-Peterburgskiye vedomosti", "Biblioteka dlya chteniya", "Literaturnaya gazeta", "Seernaya pchela", and "Panteon" under a variety of pseudonyms, including Meloman, Karl Karlovich, A. Yu., Harmonin, and Karl Smelïy. He moved to Leipzig in 1863 where he contributed to "Signal" and NZ"f"M until 1870. He founded the Neue Allgemeine Zeitschrift für Theater und Musik. He also translated some opera librettos by Tchaikovsky and Glinka into German. His three-volume memoirs, published in 1892–93, are a guide to 60 years of Russian music not only relating to his life, but to the lives of other famous Russian musicians who lived during that time. He taught in Moscow and St. Petersburg from 1871 until his death in Karakesh, Crimea.
Works.
Yuri Karlovich Arnold wrote several sacred choral works, more than 50 romances, besides many operettas. He also wrote the cantata "Svetlana" (1839), the overture "Boris Godunov" (1861) and the piano piece "Impromptu-Polka."